speeding;

failing to use a seat-belt;

failing to stop at a red traffic light;

drink-driving;

driving while under the influence of drugs;

failing to wear a safety helmet;

the use of a forbidden lane;

illegally using a mobile telephone or any other communication devices while driving;

failing to keep a safe distance from the vehicle in front;

dangerous overtaking;

dangerous parking or stopping;

crossing one or more solid lines;

wrong-way driving;

failing to respect the rules on the creation and use of emergency corridors or on giving way to emergency service vehicles;

using an overloaded vehicle;

failing to respect the rules on vehicle-access restrictions;

hit-and-run;

failing to respect the rules at a railway level-crossing.

Council Framework Decision 2005/214/JHA ( 2 );

Directive 2014/41/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council ( 3 );

the procedures for the service of procedural documents laid down in Article 5 of the Convention established by the Council in accordance with Article 34 of the Treaty on European Union, on Mutual Assistance in Criminal Matters between the Member States of the European Union ( 4 );

the provisions concerning the rights of suspects and accused persons laid down in Directives 2010/64/EU ( 5 ), 2012/13/EU ( 6 ), 2013/48/EU ( 7 ), (EU) 2016/343 ( 8 ), (EU) 2016/800 ( 9 ) and (EU) 2016/1919 of the European Parliament and of the Council ( 10 ).

the automated exchange of vehicle registration data (VRD) in accordance with Article 4;

incoming and outgoing requests and responses for mutual assistance to identify the person concerned in accordance with Article 5c;

incoming and outgoing requests and responses for mutual assistance to serve the traffic offence notice or follow-up documents to the person concerned in accordance with Article 5e; and

incoming and outgoing requests and responses for mutual assistance to enforce final administrative decisions on road traffic fines imposed for road-safety-related traffic offences in accordance with Article 5f.

data relating to vehicles;

data relating to holders and, where available, owners and end users of the vehicles.

at the time of the offence, the vehicle was recorded as destroyed;

at the time of the offence, the vehicle was recorded as stolen in any national register;

at the time of the offence, the vehicle registration plate was recorded as stolen in any national register;

at the time of the offence, no information of the vehicle can be found in any national register;

the search input has been detected as not correct, based on some national syntax requirements;

the requested information cannot be disclosed if it would reveal the identity of a person protected in accordance with the law of the Member State of registration.

an indication that the traffic offence notice is issued for the purposes of this Directive;

the name, postal address, telephone number and email address of the competent authority of the Member State of the offence;

all relevant information concerning the road-safety-related traffic offence, in particular data on the vehicle with which the offence was committed, including the vehicle registration number, the place, date and time of the offence, the nature of the offence, detailed reference to the legal provisions infringed and, where appropriate, data concerning the device used for detecting the offence;

detailed information on the legal classification of the road-safety-related traffic offence, the applicable sanctions and other legal consequences of the road-safety-related traffic offence, including information related to driving disqualifications (including penalty points or other restrictions imposed on the right to drive), in accordance with the law of the Member State of the offence;

detailed information on where, when and how to exercise rights of defence or on where, when and how to appeal the decision to pursue the road-safety-related traffic offence, including the requirements for the admissibility of such an appeal and the time limit for lodging the appeal, and on whether and under what conditions in absentia procedures apply, in accordance with the law of the Member State of the offence;

where applicable, information on measures taken to identify the person concerned in accordance with Article 5d and the consequences of non-cooperation;

where applicable, detailed information on the name, address and International Bank Account Number (IBAN) of the authority where an imposed financial penalty can be settled, on the deadline for the payment and on viable alternative and accessible payment methods, in particular specific software applications, as long as those methods are accessible to both residents and non-residents;

clear and comprehensive information on the applicable data protection rules and the rights of the data subjects, including an indication of the place from which it is possible to retrieve the information provided pursuant to Article 13 of Directive (EU) 2016/680 of the European Parliament and of the Council ( 13 ), or pursuant to Articles 13 and 14 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679 of the European Parliament and of the Council ( 14 ), including information on the source from which the personal data originate, or an indication that the generally applicable data protection rules are available on the CBE Portal referred to in Article 8 of this Directive;

where applicable, detailed information on whether and how the sanctions for road-safety-related traffic offences listed in Article 2(1) can be mitigated, including by early payment of a financial penalty;

during the transitional period referred to in Article 5h(2), and where applicable, a clear indication that the private legal entity which sends the traffic offence notice is empowered by the competent authority of the Member State of the offence, as referred to in Article 5h(1), and a clean delineation between the amounts of monies claimed, based on their legal ground;

a link and, if possible, a QR code to the CBE Portal referred to in Article 8.

the non-resident driver was checked on the spot in a roadside check; and

the competent authority of the Member State of the offence has not enforced the sanction related to the committed offence on the spot.

a receipt for the financial transaction or a financial penalty charge notice to be paid within a specific period of time;

contact information of the competent authority;

information on the offences committed and, if relevant, how to ensure compliance in the future;

if possible, a link or a QR code to the CBE Portal referred to in Article 8.

to establish the identity and address of the person concerned, in accordance with the law of the Member State of registration or Member State of residence, including by using national databases such as driving licence registers or population registers;

to ask the holder, owner or end user of the vehicle with which the road-safety-related traffic offence was committed to provide information on the identity, address and, where available, other contact details of the person liable for the road-safety-related traffic offence, in accordance with the national procedures of the Member State of registration or Member State of residence, which are to be applied as if the investigative measure concerned were ordered by that Member State’s own authorities.

data elements relating to the person concerned obtained as a result of the automated search conducted in accordance with Article 4(1);

if available, the visual recording of the driver retrieved from detection equipment, in particular speed cameras;

data relating to the road-safety-related traffic offence, listed in Article 2(1);

data relating to the vehicle with which the road-safety-related traffic offence was committed;

a reason for the request for mutual assistance.

there is an immunity or a privilege under the law of the Member State of the registration or Member State of residence, which makes it impossible to provide the information;

providing the requested information would be contrary to the principle of ne bis in idem;

providing the requested information would jeopardise an ongoing investigation of a criminal offence;

providing the requested information would be contrary to or would harm the essential interests of the national security of the Member State of registration or Member State of residence, jeopardise the source of the information or involve the use of classified information relating to specific intelligence activities;

there are substantial grounds to believe that providing the requested information would be incompatible with the obligations of the Member State of registration or Member State of residence in accordance with Article 6 of the Treaty on European Union and the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union;

providing the requested information would jeopardise the safety of an individual or reveal the identity of a person protected in accordance with the law of the Member State of registration or Member State of residence.

serve documents to persons concerned in relation to road-safety-related traffic offences listed in Article 2(1), including documents asking the persons concerned to confirm their liability for the road-safety-related traffic offences;

apply obligations, including related sanctions, placed on persons concerned which are relevant to the identification of the liable person, to the furthest possible extent.

the address of the person for whom the document is intended is unknown, incomplete or uncertain;

the procedural rules under the law of the Member State of the offence require proof of service of the document, other than proof that can be obtained by post, registered delivery, registered mail or by equivalent electronic means referred to in Article 5a(1);

it has not been possible to serve the document by post, registered delivery, registered mail or by equivalent electronic means referred to in Article 5a(1);

the Member State of the offence has justified reasons for considering that the service of the document by post, registered delivery, registered mail or by equivalent electronic means referred to in Article 5a(1) in that particular case will be ineffective or is inappropriate.

where the delivery is successful, the date of service and data about the person receiving the document;

where the delivery is not successful, a reason for failing to deliver the traffic offence notice or the follow-up document.

the decision on a road traffic fine is of an administrative nature, final and enforceable according to the applicable laws and regulations of the Member State of the offence;

the Member State of the offence is in possession of a proof of service to the person concerned of the request for the payment of the road traffic fine;

the person concerned was informed of and had an opportunity to exercise the legal remedies against the administrative decision imposing a road traffic fine according to the applicable laws and regulations of the Member State of the offence;

the road traffic fine is higher than EUR 70.

the enforcement of the decision on a road traffic fine would be contrary to the principle ne bis in idem;

there is immunity under the law of the Member State of registration or Member State of residence, which makes it impossible to enforce the administrative decision on a road traffic fine;

the decision on a road traffic fine is no longer enforceable under the law of the Member State of registration or Member State of residence due to lapse of time;

the decision on a road traffic fine is not final;

the decision on a road traffic fine or at least its essential content is not translated as provided for in Article 5b;

the request is incomplete and cannot be completed by the competent authorities of the Member State of the offence;

the infringement of fundamental rights or fundamental legal principles as enshrined in the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union.

the competent authorities are to have the possibility to identify direct and indirect access when the request does not come from a known member of the electronic communication platform;

the competent authorities are to have the possibility to consult the requests in order to guarantee that they are duly justified and comply with the requirements of this Directive;

the need to establish processes to enable Member States to take appropriate measures in response to automatic alerts and to abnormal requests, in order to mitigate the risks for the data, as well as to organise the cooperation between Member States on risk monitoring, management and mitigation, in particular for not sending data in response to abnormal requests as a derogation to Article 4(1);

the Member State of registration is to have the possibility to request the details of the road-safety-related traffic offence prior to the transmission of the registration data to the Member State of the offence, and to refuse the transmission of the registration data if the Member State of the offence does not reply to that request within one month;

the need for a journal of consultations leading to automatic alerts to the members in the case of abnormal requests;

where the competent authorities are to have the possibility to exchange data in synchronous single mode and where they are to have the possibility to exchange data in asynchronous batch mode.