External relations

The work of the European Union (EU) in the area of external relations includes the negotiation of trade agreements, and cooperation on energy, health, climate and environmental issues, often in the context of international organisations such as the United Nations. It also operates European Neighbourhood Policy programmes in relation to its closest international neighbours.

Under the Lisbon Treaty, which came into force in 2009, there was a reorganisation of the EU's external relations work with the creation of the European External Action Services (EEAS), the European Union's diplomatic arm, and the post of High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy.

• • Foreign and security policy – key institutional actors
    • European External Action service & EU Delegations
      • International agreements and the EU’s external competences
      • EU external action
    • EU Special Representatives
      • The EU Special Representative for Human Rights
      • European Union Special Representatives — EUSRs
    • Council of the European Union – role in foreign and security policy
      • Foreign and security policy — the role of the Council and the European Council
    • European Council – role in foreign and security policy
      • Foreign and security policy — the role of the Council and the European Council
  • Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP)
    • Common foreign and security policy — Global strategy
    • Legal instruments & financing
      • Strengthening biological safety and security in Ukraine
      • European Peace Facility – support for the Ukrainian Armed Forces
      • European Peace Facility (2021–2027)
      • European Union military operation to contribute to maritime security in the western Indian Ocean and in the Red Sea (Eunavfor Atalanta)
    • Conflict prevention, peace building, mediation & stabilisation
      • EU Advisory Mission for civilian security sector reform in Iraq (EUAM Iraq)
      • EU training mission Mali (EUTM Mali)
      • EU security and defence initiative in support of West African countries of the Gulf of Guinea
      • EU Partnership Mission in Moldova (EUPM Moldova)
      • European Union Training Mission in Somalia (EUTM Somalia)
      • EU Monitoring Mission in Georgia – EUMM Georgia
      • EU Military Training Mission in Mozambique (EUTM Mozambique)
      • European Union mission in Armenia (EUMA)
      • European Union Military Partnership Mission in Niger (EUMPM Niger)
      • European Union military operation to contribute to maritime security in the western Indian Ocean and in the Red Sea (Eunavfor Atalanta)
      • European Union Military Assistance Mission in support of Ukraine (EUMAM Ukraine)
      • European Union common security and defence policy mission in Niger (EUCAP Sahel Niger)
      • EU Integrated Border Management Assistance Mission in Libya (EUBAM Libya)
      • Mali and the Sahel: Towards achieving stabilisation of the region
      • Crisis management – framework for participation agreements
      • Agreement between the EU and Somalia on the EU mission in Somalia (EUCAP Somalia)
      • The EU Military Training Mission in the Central African Republic (EUTM RCA)
      • EU Advisory Mission for Civilian Security Sector Reform Ukraine (EUAM Ukraine)
    • Sanctions policy
      • Restrictive measures against Iran
      • EU restrictive measures in view of the situation in Yemen
      • EU restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria
      • EU Restrictive measures in view of the situation in Libya
      • EU restrictive measures in view of the situation in Guinea
      • EU restrictive measures in view of the situation in Burundi
      • EU restrictive measures in view of Türkiye’s unauthorised drilling activities in the eastern Mediterranean
      • EU restrictive measures in view of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine
      • EU restrictive measures in view of Iran’s military support of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine
      • EU restrictive measures against the proliferation and use of chemical weapons
      • EU restrictive measures against North Korea
      • EU restrictive measures against cyber-attacks
      • General framework for EU sanctions
      • Imposition of EU sanctions to address the situation in Venezuela
      • Specific restrictions on economic and financial relations with Iraq
      • Restrictive measures to combat terrorism
      • Restrictive measures in view of the situation in Tunisia
      • Restrictive measures in view of the situation in the Central African Republic
      • Restrictive measures in respect of Myanmar/Burma
      • Restrictive measures in view of the situation in Sudan
      • Restrictive measures in view of the situation in Somalia
      • Restrictive measures in view of the situation in Niger
      • Restrictive measures in view of the situation in Nicaragua
      • Restrictive measures in view of the situation in Moldova
      • Restrictive measures in view of the situation in Mali
      • Restrictive measures in view of the situation in Lebanon
      • Restrictive measures in view of the situation in Haiti
      • Restrictive measures in view of the situation in Guinea-Bissau
      • Restrictive measures in view of the situation in Bosnia and Herzegovina
      • Restrictive measures in view of the situation in Belarus and its involvement in the Russian aggression against Ukraine
      • Restrictive measures in view of the situation in Afghanistan
      • Restrictive measures in view of activities undermining the stability and political transition of Sudan
      • Restrictive measures in respect of the situation in South Sudan
      • Restrictive measures against Zimbabwe
      • Restrictive measures against the Democratic Republic of the Congo
      • Restrictive measures against serious human rights violations and abuses
      • Restrictive measures against ISIL/Da’esh and Al-Qaeda
    • Non-proliferation and disarmament
      • Dual-use export controls (until 8 September 2021)
      • EU training mission Mali (EUTM Mali)
      • European Union common security and defence policy mission in Niger (EUCAP Sahel Niger)
      • Illicit weapons and ammunition – global reporting mechanism
      • Illicit trade in small arms and light weapons (2022)
      • Nuclear weapons - strengthened monitoring and verification
      • Crisis management – framework for participation agreements
      • Convention on the Prohibition of the Use, Stockpiling, Production and Transfer of Anti-Personnel Mines and on their Destruction
      • Small arms and light weapons: combating their accumulation
      • Small arms and light weapons
      • Strengthening biological safety and security in Ukraine
      • Weapons of mass destruction: combating proliferation
      • Weapons of mass destruction: combating proliferation
      • Towards more responsible arms transfers: the EU and the Arms Trade Treaty
    • Counter-terrorism
      • Protecting Europe from terrorism risks
      • EU training mission Mali (EUTM Mali)
      • EU Military Training Mission in Mozambique (EUTM Mozambique)
      • European Union common security and defence policy mission in Niger (EUCAP Sahel Niger)
      • Strengthening biological safety and security in Ukraine
      • Restrictive measures to combat terrorism
      • Restrictive measures against ISIL/Da’esh and Al-Qaeda
    • EU relations with international organisations and bodies
      • Role of the EU in the multilateral system of the UN
      • Illicit trade in small arms and light weapons (2022)
  • The Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP)
    • The EU's Common Security and Defence Policy
    • European Defence Policy
      • Permanent structured cooperation on defence and security (PESCO)
      • European Defence Fund (2021-2027)
      • European Defence Agency
      • European Defence Action Plan
      • Defence industry
        • Towards a more competitive and efficient EU defence and security sector
        • European Defence Fund (2021-2027)
        • European Defence Action Plan
        • Combining various types of trade defence measures
        • Public procurement in the fields of defence and security
    • Agencies under Common Security and Defence Policy
      • European Defence Agency
      • EU Institute for Security Studies
      • EU Satellite Centre (SATCEN)
      • European Security and Defence College
    • CSDP operations (military and civilian)
      • EU Advisory Mission for Civilian Security Sector Reform Ukraine (EUAM Ukraine)
      • EU training mission Mali (EUTM Mali)
      • EU security and defence initiative in support of West African countries of the Gulf of Guinea
      • EU Partnership Mission in Moldova (EUPM Moldova)
      • European Union Training Mission in Somalia (EUTM Somalia)
      • EU Military Training Mission in Mozambique (EUTM Mozambique)
      • EU mission in Kosovo * This designation is without prejudice to positions on status, and is in line with UNSCR 1244 (1999) and the ICJ Opinion on the Kosovo declaration of independence. – upholding the rule of law
      • European Union Military Partnership Mission in Niger (EUMPM Niger)
      • European Union military operation to contribute to maritime security in the western Indian Ocean and in the Red Sea (Eunavfor Atalanta)
      • European Union common security and defence policy mission in Niger (EUCAP Sahel Niger)
      • A European Union military operation in the Mediterranean (European Union Naval Force Mediterranean operation IRINI)
      • The EU Military Training Mission in the Central African Republic (EUTM RCA)
      • The EU’s Military Planning and Conduct Capability
  • Assistance and other instruments/mechanisms
    • Peace Facility for Africa
    • Financial cooperation with non-EU countries on nuclear safety 2021-2027
    • External EU action to address the refugee crisis
    • European Development Fund (EDF)
    • EU integrated political crisis response (IPCR) arrangements
    • Global Europe — the EU Neighbourhood, Development and International Cooperation Instrument
    • IPA III: the Instrument for Pre-Accession Assistance (2021–2027)
    • Macrofinancial assistance to Ukraine
    • Macro-financial assistance to North Macedonia
    • Macro-financial assistance to enlargement and neighbourhood partners in the context of the COVID 19 pandemic
    • Putting the EU's solidarity clause into practice
    • The European Neighbourhood Instrument (2014–2020)
  • Agreements with non-EU countries
    • Agreements on air services
    • North & West Africa
      • Scientific and technological cooperation between the EU and Tunisia
      • EU-Côte d'Ivoire Economic Partnership Agreement
      • EU–Morocco cooperation agreement on a civil global navigation satellite system (GNSS)
      • Euro-Mediterranean Association Agreements
      • Pan-Euro-Mediterranean preferential rules of origin
      • Scientific and technological cooperation between the EU and Algeria
    • Central and Southern Africa & Indian Ocean
      • Trade, Development and Cooperation Agreement (TDCA) with South Africa
      • EU cooperation with the African, Caribbean and Pacific countries: 11th European Development Fund
      • Interim Economic Partnership Agreement between the EU and the Central Africa Party
      • Interim Economic Partnership Agreement between the EU and Eastern and Southern Africa States
      • Cotonou Agreement
      • Cooperation Agreement between the EU and the Agency for Aerial Navigation Safety in Africa and Madagascar (ASECNA)
      • ACP countries — economic partnership agreements and export arrangements
      • Economic Partnership Agreement between the EU and the Southern African Development Community countries
      • Scientific and technological cooperation between the EU and South Africa
    • Latin America & the Caribbean
      • Political dialogue and cooperation agreement with Cuba
      • EU trade agreement with Colombia, Peru and Ecuador
      • EU cooperation with the African, Caribbean and Pacific countries: 11th European Development Fund
      • EU-Chile Association Agreement
      • EU-Chile agreement on trade in organic products
      • EU-Central America political dialogue and cooperation agreement
      • EU-Latin American and the Caribbean International Foundation
      • Interregional Framework Cooperation Agreement between the European Community and Mercosur
      • Bilateral framework agreements for cooperation with the Mercosur countries
      • Association agreement between the EU and Central America
      • EEC-Andean Community Cooperation Agreement
      • Economic Partnership Agreement between the EU and the CARIFORUM states
      • Scientific and technological cooperation between the EU and Chile
      • Scientific and technological cooperation between the EU and Brazil
      • Scientific and technological cooperation between the EU and Argentina
      • Scientific and technological cooperation between the EU and Mexico
    • North America
      • Scientific and technological cooperation between the EU and the United States
      • EU-US agreement on personal data protection
      • EU-US Agreement on Insurance and Reinsurance
      • EU-US agreement on airline passenger name record data
      • EU–United States of America mutual recognition agreement (MRA)
      • EU–Canada mutual recognition agreement (MRA)
      • European Union–United States aviation agreements
      • Container security: EU–US agreements
      • Agreements with Canada on customs matters
      • Agreement with the United States on mutual legal assistance
      • Agreement with the United States on extradition
      • Agreement between the European Union and the United States on the transfer of financial messaging data
      • Economic and trade agreement between Canada and the European Union
      • Scientific and technological cooperation between the EU and Canada
    • Western Europe (non-EU)
      • EU and Iceland: clarification of certain rules relating to trade (safeguard measures)
      • EU-UK Trade and Cooperation agreement
      • EU–Switzerland mutual recognition agreement (MRA)
      • EU–Switzerland cooperation agreement on European satellite navigation programmes
      • EU–Switzerland agreement on the simplification of inspections and formalities in respect of the carriage of goods and on customs security measures
      • EU–Switzerland agreement on statistics
      • EU-Iceland agreement on the protection of geographical indications for agricultural products and foodstuffs
      • Euratom-UK agreement on cooperation on the safe and peaceful uses of nuclear energy
      • Convention on the simplification of formalities in trade in goods
      • Agreement on the European Economic Area
      • Agreement in the form of an exchange of letters between the EU and Norway on applying similar rules of origin
      • Agreement between the EU and Switzerland on the greenhouse gas emissions trading system (ETS)
      • Agreement between the EU and Denmark and the Faroe Islands
      • Scientific and technological cooperation between the EU and Euratom and Norway
      • Surrender procedure between EU Member States and Iceland and Norway
    • Eastern Europe (non-EU)
      • Stabilisation and Association Agreement with Albania
      • EU–Ukraine Common Aviation Area Agreement
      • EU–Russia partnership and cooperation agreement
      • Frontex status agreements with non-EU countries
      • EU–Moldova agreement on the carriage of freight by road
      • Partnership and Cooperation Agreements (PCAs): Russia, the Southern Caucasus and Central Asia
      • Participation of Kosovo in EU programmes
      • Convention on the simplification of formalities in trade in goods
      • Association agreement with Ukraine
      • Association agreement with Moldova
      • Association Agreement with Georgia
      • Stabilisation and Association Agreement with Serbia
      • Stabilisation and Association Agreement with North Macedonia
      • Stabilisation and Association Agreement with Montenegro
      • Stabilisation and Association Agreement with Kosovo
      • Stabilisation and Association Agreement with Bosnia and Herzegovina
    • Western Asia
      • Scientific and technological cooperation with Jordan
      • EU customs union with Turkey
      • EU strategy for Syria
      • EU–Qatar agreement on air transport
      • EU-Israel mutual recognition agreement (MRA)
      • European Union–Armenia Common Aviation Area Agreement
      • Partnership and cooperation agreement between the EU and Iraq
      • Partnership Agreement with Armenia
      • Cooperation Agreement between the European Community and the Republic of Yemen
      • Cooperation Agreement between the EEC and the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC)
      • Scientific and technological cooperation between the EU and Egypt
    • Southern Asia
      • EU-Afghanistan: Cooperation agreement on partnership and development
      • Free Trade Agreement between the European Union and Vietnam
      • EU-India customs agreement
      • EU-India agreement on research and development cooperation in the field of the peaceful uses of nuclear energy
      • Agreement with Bangladesh on partnership and development
      • Scientific and technological cooperation between the EU and India
      • Partnerships with countries in the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation
    • Eastern & South-eastern Asia
      • Scientific and technological cooperation between the EU and Japan
      • EU–Thailand Framework Agreement on Comprehensive Partnership and Cooperation
      • EU-China agreement on protection of geographical indications
      • EU-China agreement on civil aviation safety
      • EU–South Korea free trade agreement
      • EU–South Korea cooperation agreement on a civil global navigation satellite system (GNSS)
      • Framework Agreement between the European Union and the Republic of Korea
      • EU relations with China
      • Free Trade Agreement between the European Union and Singapore
      • EU-Malaysia Framework Agreement on Partnership and Cooperation
      • EU-Japan Strategic Partnership Agreement
      • EU-Japan mutual recognition agreement (MRA)
      • EU–Japan mutual legal assistance
      • EU-Japan agreement on civil aviation safety
      • EU–Indonesia Framework Agreement on Comprehensive Partnership and Cooperation
      • EU—Vietnam Framework Agreement on Comprehensive Partnership and Cooperation
      • ITER: Euratom/Japan agreement on nuclear fusion
      • Investment Protection Agreement between the EU and Vietnam
      • Investment Protection Agreement between the EU and Singapore
      • Partnership Agreement between the European Union and the Philippines
      • Partnership Agreement between the European Union and Mongolia
      • Customs Agreement with Japan
      • Agreement with the Republic of Korea
      • Agreement with China on cooperation and mutual assistance in customs matters
      • Economic partnership agreement between the EU and Japan
      • Scientific and technological cooperation between the EU and China
      • Scientific and technological cooperation between the EU and South Korea
    • Oceania
      • Scientific and technological cooperation between the EU and Australia
      • EU–Australia mutual recognition agreement (MRA)
      • Framework agreement EU-Australia
      • EU–New Zealand mutual recognition agreement (MRA)
      • EU–New Zealand Free Trade Agreement
      • EU–New Zealand agreement on the exchange of personal data
      • European Union–New Zealand Partnership Agreement on Relations and Cooperation
      • Agreement between the European Community and the Pacific States
  • Sectoral agreements
    • Agreements – Free movement of persons
      • Visa facilitation
      • Frontex status agreements with non-EU countries
      • Agreement with the Swiss Confederation: free movement of persons
      • Readmission agreements between the EU and certain non-EU countries
    • Agreements – Justice & security
      • Surrender procedure between EU Member States and Iceland and Norway
      • EU-US agreement on personal data protection
      • EU–New Zealand agreement on the exchange of personal data
      • EU–Japan mutual legal assistance
      • Legal certainty in international trade for EU businesses using choice of court agreements
      • Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Judgments in Civil or Commercial Matters (HCCH 2019 Judgments Convention)
      • Convention on international interests in mobile equipment
      • Convention on cybercrime
      • Agreements on the security of classified information
      • Agreement with the United States on mutual legal assistance
      • Agreement with the United States on extradition
      • Agreement between the European Union and the United States on the transfer of financial messaging data
    • Agreements – Trade
      • Economic and trade agreement between Canada and the European Union
      • International agreement on olive oil and table olives
      • Interim Economic Partnership Agreement between the EU and Eastern and Southern Africa States
      • EU and the WTO
        • WTO agreement
        • EU rights to apply and enforce international trade rules
        • Adapting EU trade defence measures following a WTO ruling
        • WTO: agreement on trade-related aspects of intellectual property
        • WTO: agreement on trade in services
        • WTO: agreement on trade in goods
        • WTO: agreement on intellectual property rights relating to trade and pharmaceutical patents
      • Countries and regions
        • EU and Iceland: clarification of certain rules relating to trade (safeguard measures)
        • EU-UK Trade and Cooperation agreement
        • EU trade agreement with Colombia, Peru and Ecuador
        • EU–Thailand Framework Agreement on Comprehensive Partnership and Cooperation
        • EU-Switzerland trade agreement
        • EU cooperation with the African, Caribbean and Pacific countries: 11th European Development Fund
        • EU-Côte d'Ivoire Economic Partnership Agreement
        • EU–South Korea free trade agreement
        • EU–Russia partnership and cooperation agreement
        • Ghana-EU economic partnership agreement
        • EU relations with China
        • EU–New Zealand Free Trade Agreement
        • Free Trade Agreement between the European Union and Vietnam
        • Free Trade Agreement between the European Union and Singapore
        • EU-Malaysia Framework Agreement on Partnership and Cooperation
        • EU-Japan Strategic Partnership Agreement
        • EU–Indonesia Framework Agreement on Comprehensive Partnership and Cooperation
        • EU—Vietnam Framework Agreement on Comprehensive Partnership and Cooperation
        • Pan-Euro-Mediterranean preferential rules of origin
        • Investment Protection Agreement between the EU and Singapore
        • Partnership and Cooperation Agreements (PCAs): Russia, the Southern Caucasus and Central Asia
        • Partnership Agreement with Armenia
        • Partnership Agreement between the European Union and the Philippines
        • Partnership Agreement between the European Union and Mongolia
        • Interim Economic Partnership Agreement between the EU and the Central Africa Party
        • Interim Economic Partnership Agreement between the EU and Eastern and Southern Africa States
        • Cotonou Agreement
        • Agreements with Canada on customs matters
        • Association agreement with Ukraine
        • Association agreement with Moldova
        • Agreement with Bangladesh on partnership and development
        • Agreement on the European Economic Area
        • Agreement between the European Community and the Pacific States
        • Agreement between the EU and Denmark and the Faroe Islands
        • ACP countries — economic partnership agreements and export arrangements
        • Economic Partnership Agreement between the EU and the Southern African Development Community countries
        • Economic Partnership Agreement between the EU and the CARIFORUM states
        • Economic partnership agreement between the EU and Japan
        • Economic and trade agreement between Canada and the European Union
        • Stabilisation and Association Agreement with Serbia
        • Stabilisation and Association Agreement with North Macedonia
        • Stabilisation and Association Agreement with Montenegro
        • Stabilisation and Association Agreement with Kosovo
        • Stabilisation and Association Agreement with Bosnia and Herzegovina
        • Stabilisation and Association Agreement with Albania
        • Trade, Development and Cooperation Agreement (TDCA) with South Africa
        • Political dialogue and cooperation agreement with Cuba
    • Agreements – Development
      • Peace Facility for Africa
      • EU-Côte d'Ivoire Economic Partnership Agreement
      • Interim Economic Partnership Agreement between the EU and the Central Africa Party
      • Cotonou Agreement
      • Agreement with Bangladesh on partnership and development
      • Agreement between the European Community and the Pacific States
      • ACP countries — economic partnership agreements and export arrangements
      • Economic Partnership Agreement between the EU and the Southern African Development Community countries
      • Economic Partnership Agreement between the EU and the CARIFORUM states
      • Trade, Development and Cooperation Agreement (TDCA) with South Africa
      • The International Coffee Agreement 2007
      • Political dialogue and cooperation agreement with Cuba
    • Agreements – Science & technology
      • Scientific and technological cooperation between the EU and Japan
      • EU-India agreement on research and development cooperation in the field of the peaceful uses of nuclear energy
      • ITER: Euratom/Japan agreement on nuclear fusion
      • Partnership for Research and Innovation in the Mediterranean Area
      • Horizon Europe – Association agreements with non-EU countries
      • Participation of the Faroes in EU programmes
      • Participation of New Zealand in EU programmes
      • Association agreement on Ukraine’s participation in the Horizon Europe programme and the Euratom research and training programme
      • Scientific and technological cooperation between the EU and India
      • Scientific and technological cooperation between the EU and Iceland
      • Scientific and technological cooperation between the EU and Euratom and Norway
      • Scientific and technological cooperation between the EU and Egypt
      • Scientific and technological cooperation between the EU and China
      • Scientific and technological cooperation between the EU and Chile
      • Scientific and technological cooperation between the EU and Canada
      • Scientific and technological cooperation between the EU and Brazil
      • Scientific and technological cooperation between the EU and Algeria
      • Scientific and technological cooperation with Jordan
      • Scientific and technological cooperation between the EU and Ukraine
      • Scientific and technological cooperation between the EU and Tunisia
      • Scientific and technological cooperation between the EU and the United States
      • Scientific and technological cooperation between the EU and South Korea
      • Scientific and technological cooperation between the EU and South Africa
      • Scientific and technological cooperation between the EU and New Zealand
      • Scientific and technological cooperation between the EU and Morocco
      • Scientific and technological cooperation between the EU and Mexico
    • Agreements – Customs
      • 1982 International Convention on the Harmonization of Frontier Controls of Goods
      • EU customs union with Turkey
      • EU–Switzerland agreement on the simplification of inspections and formalities in respect of the carriage of goods and on customs security measures
      • EU-New Zealand cooperation and mutual administrative assistance in customs matters
      • EU-India customs agreement
      • Pan-Euro-Mediterranean preferential rules of origin
      • International convention on the simplification and harmonisation of customs procedures
      • International Convention on the Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System
      • Container security: EU–US agreements
      • Customs Convention on the international transport of goods under cover of TIR carnets (TIR Convention)
      • Customs Agreement with Japan
      • Convention on the simplification of formalities in trade in goods
      • Convention on a common transit procedure
      • Close cooperation between EU customs administrations (Naples II Convention)
      • Agreements with Canada on customs matters
      • Agreement with the Republic of Korea
      • Agreement with Hong Kong on cooperation and mutual assistance in customs matters
      • Agreement with China on cooperation and mutual assistance in customs matters
      • Agreement in the form of an exchange of letters between the EU and Norway on applying similar rules of origin
    • Agreements – Transport
      • Ensuring EU countries comply with and enforce the Maritime Labour Convention
      • EU-US cooperation on civil aviation safety
      • EU–Ukraine Common Aviation Area Agreement
      • EU-US agreement on airline passenger name record data
      • EU–Ukraine agreement on the carriage of freight by road
      • EU-Switzerland air transport agreement
      • EU–China maritime transport agreement
      • EU-China agreement on civil aviation safety
      • EU–Canada air transport agreement
      • EU–Qatar agreement on air transport
      • European Common Aviation Area (ECAA)
      • European Union–United States aviation agreements
      • EU-Moldova common aviation area agreement
      • EU–Moldova agreement on the carriage of freight by road
      • European Union–Armenia Common Aviation Area Agreement
      • Euro-Mediterranean aviation agreement between the EU and Morocco
      • Euro-Mediterranean aviation agreement between the EU and Jordan
      • Euro-Mediterranean aviation agreement between the EU and Israel
      • EU-Georgia common aviation area agreement
      • Montreal Convention on air carrier liability
      • Intergovernmental Organisation for International Carriage by Rail (OTIF)
      • Interbus agreement: the international occasional carriage of passengers by coach and bus
      • Convention on international interests in mobile equipment
      • Air service agreements between EU and non-EU countries
      • Agreements on air services
      • Agreement on civil aviation safety between the European Union and Brazil
      • The Transport Protocol of the Alpine Convention
      • The Transport Community
    • Agreements – Environment
      • Environmental information – public participation and access to justice (Aarhus Convention)
      • EU Strategy for the Baltic Sea Region
      • Geneva Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution
      • Licensing system for imports of timber to the EU
      • Kyiv Protocol on Pollutant Release and Transfer Registers
      • Minamata Convention on Mercury
      • ITER: Euratom/Japan agreement on nuclear fusion
      • OSPAR Convention
      • International Tropical Timber Agreement
      • International Dolphin Conservation Programme
      • Helsinki Convention: preventing pollution in international watercourses and lakes
      • Helsinki Convention on the protection of the Baltic Sea
      • Conservation of Antarctic marine living resources
      • Convention on the Protection of the Alps
      • Convention on the conservation of migratory species of wild animals — Bonn Convention
      • Convention on Environmental Impact Assessment in a Transboundary Context (Espoo Convention) and the Protocol on Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA Protocol)
      • Convention on Biological Diversity — Cartagena protocol on biosafety
      • Convention on Biological Diversity
      • Convention for the Protection of the Rhine
      • Convention for the Conservation of Salmon in the North Atlantic Ocean
      • Compliance with rules on access and benefit-sharing arising from the use of genetic resources and associated traditional knowledge
      • Climate change – Paris Agreement, ratified by EU
      • Civil liability for oil pollution damage: Bunkers Convention
      • Bern Convention
      • Basel Convention on the control of transboundary movements of hazardous wastes and their disposal
      • Barcelona Convention for the protection of the Mediterranean
      • Agreement between the EU and Switzerland on the greenhouse gas emissions trading system (ETS)
      • Access to information, public participation and access to justice in environmental matters (Aarhus Convention)
      • Access to genetic resources and sharing of benefits arising from their utilisation (Nagoya Protocol)
      • Bonn Agreement — dealing with pollution of the North Sea by oil and other harmful substances, including air pollution caused by shipping
      • Public access to environmental information
      • Tackling threats posed by chemicals (Stockholm Convention)
      • The Energy Charter Treaty and Protocol
      • The Arctic region — new EU policy agenda
      • Transboundary effects of industrial accidents
      • United Nations Convention to combat desertification in countries seriously affected by drought
      • Conventions protecting specific areas
        • The Arctic region — new EU policy agenda
        • EU Strategy for the Baltic Sea Region
        • European Union Strategy for the Danube Region
        • Helsinki Convention: preventing pollution in international watercourses and lakes
        • Helsinki Convention on the protection of the Baltic Sea
        • Conservation of Antarctic marine living resources
        • Conservation and management of high seas fishery resources in the South Pacific Ocean
        • Convention on the Protection of the Alps
        • Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora
        • Convention for the Protection of the Rhine
        • Convention for the protection of the Danube
        • Convention for the Conservation of Salmon in the North Atlantic Ocean
        • Barcelona Convention for the protection of the Mediterranean
        • Bonn Agreement — dealing with pollution of the North Sea by oil and other harmful substances, including air pollution caused by shipping
    • Agreements – Oceans and fisheries
      • Southern Indian Ocean Fisheries Agreement
      • General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean
      • Indian Ocean Tuna Commission
      • Management, conservation and control measures established by the Indian Ocean Tuna Commission
      • Convention on the conservation and management of highly migratory fish stocks in the western and central Pacific Ocean
      • Convention on the conservation and management of fishery resources in the South-East Atlantic Ocean
      • Convention on Cooperation in the Northwest Atlantic Fisheries
      • Convention for the strengthening of the Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission
    • Agreements – Space
      • Safe air navigation: Contributing to a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)
      • EU–United States agreement on the promotion, provision and use of Galileo and GPS satellite-based navigation systems and related applications
      • EU–Switzerland cooperation agreement on European satellite navigation programmes
      • EU–South Korea cooperation agreement on a civil global navigation satellite system (GNSS)
      • EU-Norway cooperation agreement on satellite navigation
      • EU–Morocco cooperation agreement on a civil global navigation satellite system (GNSS)
      • Cooperation Agreement between the EU and the Agency for Aerial Navigation Safety in Africa and Madagascar (ASECNA)
  • European statistics
    • Statistical cooperation within the European Economic Area
    • EU–Switzerland agreement on statistics
  • Archived summaries
    • Enhancing the Asia strategy
    • Enhancing the EU's policy on Mercosur
    • Environment strategy for the Mediterranean
    • Possibilities for cooperation with Hong Kong and Macao (2007-2013)
    • Programme for cooperation in higher education and vocational education and training with the United States
    • Eastern Partnership
    • EC-Mexico Global Cooperation Agreement
    • The Valencia Ministerial Conference and its Action Plan
    • Towards a strategy for the Arctic
    • Towards an EU-Brazil strategic partnership
    • Towards an EU-Mexico strategic partnership
    • Transit Kaliningrad - Russian mainland: proposals and implementation
    • Regional strategy for Asia 2007-2013
    • Regional strategy for CAN 2007-2013
    • Regional strategy for Central America 2007-2013
    • Regional strategy for Latin America 2007-2013
    • Regional strategy for Mercosur 2007-2013
    • Reinvigorating the Barcelona process
    • Renewed engagement with Iraq
    • Renewed partnership with Latin America
    • Tenth anniversary of the Euro-Mediterranean Partnership
    • The ASEM process (Asia-Europe meeting)
    • Strategy for assistance to Central Asia 2007-2013 and indicative programme 2007-2010
    • Strategy for Brazil 2007-2013
    • Strategy for Chile 2007-2013
    • Strategy for cooperation with Bangladesh (2007-2013)
    • Strategy for cooperation with China (2007-2013)
    • Strategy for cooperation with Indonesia (2007-2013)
    • Strategy for cooperation with Thailand (2007-2013)
    • Strategy for cooperation with the Philippines (2007-2013)
    • Strategy for cooperation with Vietnam (2007-2013)
    • Strategy for Iraq 2011-2013
    • Strategy for Russia 2007-2013
    • Strategy for the eastern region 2007-2013
    • Strategy for Venezuela 2007-2013
    • Strengthening the EU-China partnership
    • Strengthening the European Neighbourhood Policy
    • Tacis programme (2000-2006)
    • Taking stock of the European Neighbourhood Policy
    • EEC-Central America Framework Cooperation Agreement
    • Readmission agreement with Sri Lanka
    • A new partnership with South-East Asia
    • A financing instrument for the promotion of democracy and human rights in the world (2007 – 2013)
    • A Framework for EU-Iraq Engagement
    • A stronger economic and political partnership for the 21st century
    • A stronger partnership with Latin America
    • Action on HIV/AIDS in the European Union and neighbouring countries 2006 - 2009
    • Agreement between the European Union and the United States on the security of classified information
    • Agreement on readmission with Russia
    • Agreement on the processing and transfer of passenger name record data by air carriers to the United States Department of Homeland Security (2007 PNR Agreement)
    • Association of the overseas countries and territories with the EU
    • Barcelona Declaration and Euro-Mediterranean partnership
    • Barcelona Process: Union for the Mediterranean
    • Black Sea Synergy
    • Border Assistance Mission to Moldova and Ukraine
    • Combating HIV/AIDS in the European Union and neighbouring countries (2009-2013)
    • Cooperation with industrialised countries (2001-2006)
    • Common framework for joint multiannual programming
    • Cooperation with Non-EU Member Countries on nuclear safety
    • DCI - the EU’s financing instrument for development cooperation (2014-20)
    • Cross-border cooperation (CBC) 2007-2013
    • Cross-border cooperation within the framework of the TACIS programme
    • Communication ahead of the Guadalajara summit
    • Multilateral Environment for Europe process
    • Instrument for Stability (2007 – 2013)
    • Neighbourhood Policy: 2008 Report
    • Neighbourhood policy: participation in European Union Agencies and programmes
    • Neighbourhood Policy - Strategy paper
    • New EU-Latin America partnership on the eve of the 21st century
    • Inter-regional programme: Strategy paper 2007-2013 and indicative programme 2007-2010
    • New neighbourhood policy strategy
    • Human rights and relations in the Mediterranean
    • Partnership for democracy and prosperity with the Southern Mediterranean
    • MEDA programme
    • Implementation of the European Neighbourhood Policy in 2007
    • IPA II: the EU’s Instrument for Pre-accession Assistance 2014-2020
    • Improving relations between the EU and the countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council
    • Governance in the consensus on development
    • Euro-African Partnership for infrastructure
    • EU-India Strategic Partnership
    • Euro-Mediterranean Association Agreement between the EU and Morocco
    • Euro-Mediterranean association agreement between the EU and Tunisia
    • Follow-up to the Rio Summit
    • Food Assistance Convention
    • Europe-Asia cooperation strategy
    • Framework of cooperation in higher education, training and youth with Canada
    • EU-Philippines Agreement on Air Services
    • EU relations with the Islamic Republic of Iran
    • Exceptional trade measures for countries and territories involved with the EU’s stabilisation and association process
    • EU-Russia environmental cooperation
    • Facilitating the issuance of short-stay visas with Russia
    • Financial and technical assistance and economic cooperation (1992 - 2006)
    • Financial and technical cooperation with the West Bank and the Gaza Strip
    • EU-China relations: a maturing partnership
    • EU Common Strategy for the Mediterranean
    • European Neighbourhood and Partnership Instrument (2007 - 2013)
    • European Neighbourhood Policy: recommendations for Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia and for Egypt and Lebanon
    • Financing instrument for cooperation with industrialised and other high-income countries and territories (2007-2013)
    • Financing instrument for development cooperation - DCI (2007-2013)