31.1.2014   

HR

Službeni list Europske unije

C 28/2

1.

The Bologna Declaration of 19 June 1999 established an intergovernmental process aimed at creating a European Higher Education Area (EHEA) which is actively supported by the European Union, and the Ministers responsible for higher education in the participating countries, meeting in Bucharest in April 2012, adopted the ‘Mobility for Better Learning strategy 2020’ for the EHEA as an integral part of efforts to promote the internationalisation of higher education (1).

2.

Council Directive 2004/114/EC of 13 December 2004 on the conditions of admission of third-country nationals for the purposes of studies, pupil exchange, unremunerated training or voluntary service recognises that one of the objectives of Community action in the field of education is to promote Europe as a whole as a world centre of excellence for studies and vocational training (2).

3.

Council Directive 2005/71/EC of 12 October 2005 on a specific procedure for admitting third-country nationals for the purposes of scientific research has a similar aim, that of making the Community more attractive to researchers from around the world and boosting the EU's position as an international centre for research (3).

4.

The international strategy adopted at the May 2007 meeting of Bologna ministers in London (4) highlighted the need for the European Higher Education Area to be open and attractive to other parts of the world, and to strengthen higher education cooperation and policy dialogue with countries outside Europe.

5.

The Council conclusions of 12 May 2009 on a strategic framework for European cooperation in education and training stressed the importance of supporting Member States' efforts to modernise higher education through close synergy will the Bologna process, in particular with regard to quality assurance, recognition, mobility and transparency instruments.

6.

The Europe 2020 strategy for smart, sustainable and inclusive growth adopted in June 2010 (5) set the specific objective of improving education levels, in particular by increasing the share of young people having successfully completed tertiary, or equivalent, education to at least 40 % by 2020.

7.

The Council conclusions of 11 May 2010 on the internationalisation of higher education (6) emphasised that international cooperation programmes and policy dialogues with third countries in the field of higher education not only enable knowledge to flow more freely, but also contribute to enhancing the quality and international standing of European higher education, boosting research and innovation, fostering mobility and intercultural dialogue, and promoting international development in accordance with the EU's external policy objectives.

8.

The Council conclusions of 28-29 November 2011 on a benchmark for learning mobility (7) established a benchmark whereby an EU average of at least 20 % of higher education graduates should, by 2020, have had a period of higher education-related study or training (including work placements) abroad.

9.

The Council conclusions of 28-29 November 2011 on the modernisation of higher education welcomed the Commission's intention to develop an EU international higher education strategy aimed at increasing international outreach and visibility, and to engage with partners with a view to strengthening relationships and enhancing capacity-building in the higher education sector.

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enhance the quality and competitiveness of European higher education;

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go beyond mobility and take increasing account of the global dimension in the design and content of curricula and teaching and learning processes (often referred to as ‘internationalisation at home’);

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address a more diverse range and greater number of students by combining new digital resources with more traditional forms of teaching and learning, whilst ensuring high quality;

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strengthen development cooperation through strategic partnerships and capacity-building.

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The communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions entitled ‘European higher education in the world’ (8); and

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The communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions entitled ‘Opening up Education: Innovative teaching and learning for all through new technologies and Open Educational Resources’ (9).

1.

Higher education has a key role to play in the development of engaged, fulfilled and articulate citizens and is a powerful driver of smart, sustainable and inclusive societies, individual prosperity and economic growth. The international mobility of individuals and inclusion of a global perspective in higher education programmes can further contribute to this development.

2.

The strength of Europe's higher education systems lies in the provision of high quality education and research, in the diversity of its institutions, and in its support for cooperation in areas where this provides added value, such as joint and double degree programmes, doctoral schools and studies, and international partnerships.

3.

In the current economic climate higher education, as well as tertiary vocational education and training, have a crucial role to play in strengthening Europe's capacity for research and innovation and providing it with the highly skilled human resources it needs in order to secure jobs, economic growth and prosperity.

4.

Graduate competences do not always match the evolving needs of the labour market and society, and public and private employers report mismatches and difficulties in finding suitable candidates to meet the needs of a knowledge-based economy.

5.

Demographic ageing within the EU is likely to have a major impact in the coming decades, as consistently low birth rates risk aggravating the problem of graduate skills shortages for European employers.

6.

As sources of knowledge and innovation, higher education institutions also have a social responsibility to contribute to human development and the common good, both within the national context and in the wider world.

1.

The active engagement of international staff, researchers and students in European higher education institutions, the provision of financial and organisational support for the international mobility of both students and staff, and increased efforts to internationalise curricula can help students to acquire competences relevant to the global labour market.

2.

Member States and European higher education institutions have — with EU support — made significant progress in developing mechanisms for cross-border quality assurance and the recognition of qualifications within the Bologna Process, through networks such as the ENIC/NARIC as well as through actions such as the ‘Erasmus Mundus’ and ‘Tempus’ programmes.

3.

The global rise of Open Educational Resources, Open Courseware and Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) is an international development that may have important implications for higher education systems and open up opportunities for innovative forms of global cross-border cooperation.

1.

Pursue comprehensive strategic approaches towards internationalisation, in cooperation with the relevant stakeholders, which cover three main areas:

2.

Promote two-way international degree and credit mobility for students, as well as provide opportunities for staff mobility between Europe and third countries, including by:

3.

Promote internationalisation at home and digital learning to ensure that the large majority of European students who do not participate in physical mobility actions are also able to develop international skills, including by:

4.

Promote the creation of partnerships both within and outside Europe, in order to reinforce institutional capacity in education, research and innovation, including by:

1.

Support Member States’ and higher education institutions’ efforts to pursue comprehensive strategic approaches towards internationalisation, and exploit the opportunities for international higher education cooperation within the ‘Erasmus+’ and ‘Horizon 2020’ programmes, including by:

2.

In cooperation with Member States, make efforts to increase the attractiveness and promote the diversity of European higher education around the world, including by:

3.

Promote higher education cooperation for innovation and development between the EU and its global partners, including by: