(1)

Regulation (EU) 2015/2283 provides that only novel foods authorised and included in the Union list of novel foods may be placed on the market within the Union.

(2)

Pursuant to Article 8 of Regulation (EU) 2015/2283, Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2017/2470 (2) has established a Union list of novel foods.

(3)

On 29 August 2016, the company ‘JatroSolutions GmbH’ (‘the applicant’) submitted an application to the competent authority of Germany to place kernels from the edible variety of Jatropha curcas L., on the Union market as a novel food ingredient within the meaning of point (c) of Article 1(2) of Regulation (EC) No 258/97 of the European Parliament and of the Council (3). The applicant requested for hydrothermally treated whole and broken kernels from the edible variety of Jatropha curcas L. to be used as such (or candied or sugar preserved) or as processed nuts as snack, and as a food ingredient in cereal bars, in breakfast cereals, and in dried fruits.

(4)

Pursuant to Article 35(1) of Regulation (EU) 2015/2283, any request for placing a novel food on the market within the Union submitted to a Member State in accordance with Article 4 of Regulation (EC) No 258/97 concerning novel foods and novel food ingredients, and for which the final decision has not been taken before 1 January 2018 are to be treated as an application submitted under Regulation (EU) 2015/2283.

(5)

While the request for placing kernels from the edible variety of Jatropha curcas L. on the market as a novel food within the Union was submitted to a Member State in accordance with Article 4 of Regulation (EC) No 258/97, the application also meets the requirements laid down in Regulation (EU) 2015/2283.

(6)

On 1 March 2018, the applicant also made a request to the Commission for the protection of proprietary data on the management of the cultivation of the Jatropha curcas L. plant and the use of molecular markers (4), the compositional data including the nutritional information (5) and data on allergens (6), the information on biological and process contaminants (7), the analytical methods, including their validation, for the detection of phorbol esters in the Jatropha curcas L. kernels (8), the procedures for the verification of the phorbol ester content of the Jatropha curcas L. kernels (9), bacterial reverse mutation assays with the edible and non-edible Jatropha curcas L. defatted kernel meal and oil (10), and an in vitro mammalian cell micronucleus tests with the edible and non-edible Jatropha curcas L. defatted kernel meal and oil (11), submitted in support of the application.

(7)

On 19 October 2018, the Commission requested the European Food Safety Authority (‘the Authority’) to carry out an assessment of kernels from the edible variety of Jatropha curcas L. as a novel food.

(8)

On 24 November 2021, the Authority adopted its scientific opinion ‘Safety of hydrothermally treated kernels from edible Jatropha curcas L. (‘Chuta’) as a novel food pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2015/2283 (12) in accordance with Article 11 of Regulation (EU) 2015/2283.

(9)

In its scientific opinion, the Authority concluded that kernels from the edible variety of Jatropha curcas L. are safe under the proposed conditions of use. Therefore, that scientific opinion gives sufficient grounds to establish that novel food kernels from the edible variety of Jatropha curcas L., when used as such (or candied or sugar preserved) or as processed nuts as snack and as a food ingredient in cereal bars, in breakfast cereals, and in dried fruits, fulfils the conditions for its placing on the market in accordance with Article 12(1) of Regulation (EU) 2015/2283.

(10)

In its scientific opinion, the Authority also concluded that consumption of this novel food may either induce primary sensitisation to kernels from the edible variety of Jatropha curcas L. that could lead to allergic reactions or could elicit allergic reactions to persons that are allergic to nuts. It came to such conclusion on the basis of the weight of the available evidence and considering the elevated (32 %) protein content of the kernels from the edible variety of Jatropha curcas L., and published information demonstrating the presence of a number of allergenic proteins in the kernels from the non-edible variety of Jatropha curcas L.. However, considering that at present there is no epidemiological evidence on allergic reactions to kernels from the edible variety of Jatropha curcas L. in the areas of Mexico where they are commonly consumed, and considering the negative cross reactivity results of proteins from the kernels from the edible variety of Jatropha curcas L. to proteins from some common nuts in in vitro enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (‘ELISA’), and the negative polymerase chain reaction (‘PCR’) tests conducted with the kernels from the edible variety of Jatropha curcas L. for allergens of other nuts, the Commission considers that no specific labelling requirement as to its allergenicity should be included in the Union list of authorised novel foods.

(11)

In its scientific opinion, the Authority also noted that its conclusion on the safety of the novel food was based on the scientific data on the management of the cultivation of the Jatropha curcas L. plant and the use of molecular markers, the compositional data including the nutritional information and data on allergens, the information on biological and process contaminants, the analytical methods, including their validation, for the detection of phorbol esters in the Jatropha curcas L. kernels, the procedures for the verification of the phorbol ester content of the Jatropha curcas L. kernels, the bacterial reverse mutation assays with the edible and non-edible Jatropha curcas L. defatted kernel meal and oil, and the in vitro mammalian cell micronucleus tests with the edible and non-edible Jatropha curcas L. defatted kernel meal and oil, without which it could not have assessed the novel food and reached its conclusion.

(12)

The Commission requested the applicant to further clarify the justification provided with regard to their proprietary claim over those studies and tests and to clarify its claim to an exclusive right of reference to them in accordance with Article 26(2)(b) of Regulation (EU) 2015/2283.

(13)

The applicant declared that they held proprietary and exclusive rights of reference to the scientific data from the management of the cultivation of the Jatropha curcas L. plant and the use of molecular markers, the compositional data including the nutritional information and data on allergens, the information on biological and process contaminants, the analytical methods, including their validation, for the detection of phorbol esters in the Jatropha curcas L. kernels, the sampling procedures for the verification of the phorbol ester content of the Jatropha curcas L. kernels, the bacterial reverse mutation assays with the edible and non-edible Jatropha curcas L. defatted kernel meal and oil, and the in vitro mammalian cell micronucleus tests with the edible and non-edible Jatropha curcas L. defatted kernel meal and oil, at the time they submitted the application and therefore third parties could not lawfully access, use or refer to those data.

(14)

The Commission assessed all the information provided by the applicant and considered that they have sufficiently substantiated the fulfilment of the requirements laid down in Article 26(2) of Regulation (EU) 2015/2283. Therefore, the scientific data on the management of the cultivation of the Jatropha curcas L. plant and the use of molecular markers, the compositional data including the nutritional information and data on allergens, the information on biological and process contaminants, the analytical methods, including their validation, for the detection of phorbol esters in the Jatropha curcas L. kernels, the procedures for the verification of the phorbol ester content of the Jatropha curcas L. kernels, the bacterial reverse mutation assays with the edible and non-edible Jatropha curcas L. defatted kernel meal and oil, and the in vitro mammalian cell micronucleus tests with the edible and non-edible Jatropha curcas L. defatted kernel meal and oil, should be protected in accordance with Article 27(1) of Regulation (EU) 2015/2283. Accordingly, only the applicant should be authorised to place kernels from Jatropha curcas L. on the market within the Union during a period of 5 years from the entry into force of this Regulation.

(15)

However, restricting the authorisation of kernels from the edible variety of Jatropha curcas L. and the reference to the scientific data contained in the applicant’s file for the sole use by them does not prevent subsequent applicants from applying for an authorisation to place on the market the same novel food provided that their application is based on legally obtained information supporting such an authorisation.

(16)

The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on Plants, Animals, Food and Feed,