(1)

With a view to consolidating and restructuring European research policy, the Commission stated in its Communication of 18 January 2000 entitled ‘Towards a European Research Area’ that it was necessary to create a European research area as the centrepiece of future action by the Community in this field.

(2)

At its meeting in Lisbon of 23 and 24 March 2000, the European Council, endorsing the European Research Area, set the Community the target of becoming the most competitive and dynamic knowledge-based economy in the world by the year 2010.

(3)

The globalisation of the economy calls for greater mobility for researchers, which was recognised by the Community's sixth framework programme for research (4) when it opened up, to an even greater extent, its programmes to researchers from third countries.

(4)

The number of researchers which the Community will need if it is to meet the target set by the European Council at its meeting in Barcelona of 15 and 16 March 2002 of investing 3 % of GDP in research is put at 700 000. This target should be met through a series of interlocking measures, such as making scientific careers more attractive to young people, promoting women's involvement in scientific research, increasing the opportunities for training and mobility in research, improving career prospects for researchers within the Community and opening up the Community to third-country nationals who might be allowed to enter and travel within the common area for the purposes of research.

(5)

In order to be competitive and attractive at international level, Member States should take the necessary steps to make it easier for researchers to enter and move within the Community for short periods.

(6)

For short stays, Member States should undertake to consider researchers from third countries, subject to a visa requirement under Regulation (EC) No 539/2001 (5), as persons acting in good faith and extend to them the advantages provided for in the acquis communautaire for the purpose of the procedures for issuing short-stay visas.

(7)

Measures should be taken to encourage the exchange of information and best practices in order to improve the procedures for issuing short-stay visas for researchers.

(8)

This Recommendation respects the fundamental rights and observes the principles laid down in particular by the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union.

(9)

In accordance with Articles 1 and 2 of the Protocol on the position of Denmark annexed to the Treaty on European Union and the Treaty establishing the European Community, Denmark is not taking part in the adoption of this Recommendation and is not affected by it. Given that this Recommendation builds upon the Schengen acquis, under the provisions of Title IV of Part Three of the Treaty establishing the European Community, Denmark shall, in accordance with Article 5 of the said Protocol, decide within a period of six months after the European Parliament and the Council have adopted this Recommendation whether it will implement it in its national law.

(10)

This Recommendation constitutes a development of provisions of the Schengen acquis in which the United Kingdom does not take part, in accordance with Council Decision 2000/365/EC of 29 May 2000 concerning the request of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland to take part in some of the provisions of the Schengen acquis (6); the United Kingdom is therefore not taking part in its adoption and is not affected by it.

(11)

This Recommendation constitutes a development of provisions of the Schengen acquis in which Ireland does not take part, in accordance with Council Decision 2002/192/EC of 28 February 2002 concerning Ireland's request to take part in some of the provisions of the Schengen acquis (7); Ireland is therefore not taking part in its adoption and is not affected by it.

(12)

As regards Iceland and Norway, this Recommendation constitutes a development of provisions of the Schengen acquis within the meaning of the Agreement concluded by the Council of the European Union and the Republic of Iceland and the Kingdom of Norway concerning the association of those two States with the implementation, application and development of the Schengen acquis (8), which fall within the area referred to in Article 1, point B of Council Decision 1999/437/EC of 17 May 1999 on certain arrangements for the application of the Agreement (9).

(13)

As regards Switzerland, this Recommendation constitutes a development of the provisions of the Schengen acquis within the meaning of the Agreement signed between the European Union, the European Community and the Swiss Confederation concerning the association of the Swiss Confederation with the implementation, application and development of the Schengen acquis, which fall within the area referred to in Article 1, point B of Decision 1999/437/EC read in conjunction with Article 4(1) of Council Decision 2004/849/EC (10) and of Council Decision 2004/860/EC (11), on the signing, on behalf of the European Union, and on the signing, on behalf of the European Community, and on the provisional application of certain provisions, of that Agreement.

(14)

This Recommendation constitutes an act building upon the Schengen acquis or otherwise related to it, within the meaning of Article 3(2) of the 2003 Act of Accession.

(15)

This Recommendation is also intended to provide a flexible formula for researchers who wish to maintain a professional link with an organisation of their country of origin (e.g. by spending periods of up to three months every semester in a European host research organisation located in the common area while continuing to work the rest of the time in the research organisation of origin),