EUROPEAN COMMISSION

Brussels, 29.8.2016

COM(2016) 547 final

2016/0261(COD)

Proposal for a

REGULATION OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL

amending Regulation (EC) No 1920/2006 as regards information exchange, early warning system and risk assessment procedure on new psychoactive substances

EXPLANATORY MEMORANDUM

1.CONTEXT OF THE PROPOSAL

•Reasons for and objectives of the proposal

Over the past decade there has been a massive growth in new psychoactive substances (NPS), at global level and in Europe as well, and there are no signs of a slowdown. In 2015, 100 new substances were reported for the first time to the EU Early Warning System (EWS), bringing the total number of new substances monitored to more than 560 – with more than 380 (70%) of these detected in the last five years alone. 1   

The United Nations General Assembly at the Special Session on the world drug problem (UNGASS, 19-21 April 2016) adopted the outcome document "Our joint commitment to effectively addressing and countering the world drug problem" 2 . A specific section deals with addressing emerging and persistent challenges and threats including NPS. The joint commitment calls for strengthening action to address the challenge of NPS as well as for enhancing information-sharing and early warning networks.

To achieve the same objective of a swifter, more effective EU action on NPS, the Permanent Representatives Committee (COREPER) on 6 April 2016 7 agreed to the approach proposed by the Netherlands Presidency in its discussion paper, including amendments of the draft Directive based on Article 83 TFEU that will in particular contain a definition of new psychoactive substances and provisions on swift Union level decision making in order to criminalise harmful new psychoactive substances in all Member States. COREPER also invited the Commission to present a proposal on amending the founding Regulation of the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA), Regulation 1920/2006. According to the Summary Record of the 2580th meeting of COREPER this decision triggers the start of the 3 months' opt-in deadline for the Member States concerned by Protocol 21 and has consequences under Protocol 22 annexed to the TEU. The European Parliament is informed about this change by a letter from the Council.

2.    LEGAL BASIS, SUBSIDIARITY AND PROPORTIONALITY

•    Legal basis

•    Subsidiarity

There is a clear need for EU action on new psychoactive substances. Member States alone cannot reduce the problems caused by the spread of harmful new psychoactive substances. Uncoordinated national action in this area can produce adverse knock-on effects, for instance displacement of harmful substances from one Member State to another. Criminal groups may exploit this situation.

Consequently, EU-level action is necessary to ensure that potentially harmful new psychoactive substances, which cause EU-wide concern, can be identified, assessed and, if they pose risks, incriminated in all Member States. This Regulation has therefore to be read in conjunction with Directive (EU) …/ … [amending Council Framework Decision 2004/757/JHA of 25 October 2004 laying down minimum provisions on the constituent elements of criminal acts and penalties in the field of illicit drug trafficking] since both acts are designed to replace the mechanism established by Council Decision 2005/387/JHA.

•    Proportionality

The proposal is proportionate and does not go beyond what is necessary to achieve the objectives because it only addresses new psychoactive substances that are a concern at the EU level.

•    Choice of the instrument

3.    RESULTS OF EX-POST EVALUATIONS, STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATIONS AND IMPACT ASSESSMENTS

•    Stakeholder consultations

•    Impact assessment

4.    BUDGETARY IMPLICATIONS

5.    OTHER ELEMENTS

•    Monitoring, evaluation and reporting arrangements

The EMCDDA is on a regular basis evaluated according to Article 23 of Regulation 1920/2006. According to this article, the Commission shall initiate an external evaluation of the EMCDDA every six years to coincide with the completion of two of the Centre's three-year programmes.

•    Detailed explanation of the specific provisions of the proposal

Article 1 provides for the following amendments to Regulation 1920/2006:

New point (f) in Article 2 (Tasks) – this provision clarifies that tasks of the EMCDDA are information exchange and early warning on new psychoactive substances as well as risk assessment. The Centre also monitors all new psychoactive substances that have been reported by Member States.

New Article 5a (Exchange of information, early warning system and risk assessment on new psychoactive substances) – this provision establishes the respective roles of Member States, the EMCDDA and Europol in the process of exchange of information and early warning on new psychoactive substances.

New Article 5b (Initial report) – this provision lays down the contents and the procedures for the drawing up and the transmission by the EMCDDA of an initial report on a new psychoactive substance. Europol, the European Medicines Agency, the European Chemicals Agency and the European Food Safety Authority are associated to the collection of information for an initial report.

New Article 5c (Risk assessment procedure and report) – this provision empowers the Commission to request the EMCDDA to assess the risks of a new psychoactive substance on which an initial report has been drawn up. It lays down the procedures for the risk assessment, which is to be conducted by the Scientific Committee of the EMCDDA, and for the drawing up and the transmission of a risk assessment report.

New Article 5d (Exclusion from risk assessment) – this provision details such circumstances in which no risk assessment is to be conducted on a new psychoactive substance.

Article 2 establishes when the Regulation shall enter into force.

2016/0261 (COD)

Proposal for a

REGULATION OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL

amending Regulation (EC) No 1920/2006 as regards information exchange, early warning system and risk assessment procedure on new psychoactive substances

THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION,

Having regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, and in particular Article 168(5) thereof,

Having regard to the proposal from the European Commission,

After transmission of the draft legislative act to the national parliaments,

Having regard to the opinion of the European Economic and Social Committee 11 ,

Having regard to the opinion of the Committee of the Regions 12 ,

Acting in accordance with the ordinary legislative procedure,

Whereas:

(1)New psychoactive substances can pose serious cross border threats to health which makes necessary to enhance monitoring, early warning and combating of those threats.

(2)During the past years, Member States have notified an increasing number of new psychoactive substances via the mechanism for rapid exchange of information which was established by Joint Action 97/396/JHA adopted by the Council on the basis of Article K.3 of the Treaty on European Union concerning the information exchange, risk assessment and the control of new synthetic drugs 13 and was further strengthened by Council Decision 2005/387/JHA 14 .

(3)New psychoactive substances that pose health and social risks across the Union should be addressed at the Union level. This Regulation has therefore to be read in conjunction with Council Framework Decision 2004/757/JHA 15 [as amended by Directive (EU) …/…] since both acts are designed to replace the mechanism established by Council Decision 2005/387/JHA.

(4)It is necessary to insert provisions concerning the information exchange and early warning system on new psychoactive substances as well as the risk assessment procedure into Regulation (EC) 1920/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council. 16 In particular provisions concerning the early warning on new psychoactive substances should be strengthened and the procedures for drawing up an initial report and organising the risk assessment procedure should be made more efficient. Substantially shortened deadlines for all stages of the procedure should be set.

(5)Any Union action on new psychoactive substances should be based on scientific evidence.

(6)Following the risk assessment procedure, the Commission should determine whether the new psychoactive substances should be incriminated, in line with the procedure provided for in Council Framework Decision 2004/757/JHA [as amended by Directive (EU) …/…]. This Regulation will enter into force on the same day as the day for transposition of the Directive since both acts are designed to replace the mechanism established by Council Decision 2005/387/JHA.

(7)No risk assessment should be conducted on a new psychoactive substance if it is subject to an assessment under international law, or if it is an active substance in a medicinal product or in a veterinary medicinal product.

(8)Regulation (EC) 1920/2006 should therefore be amended accordingly.

HAVE ADOPTED THIS REGULATION:

Article 1

Amendments to Regulation (EC) No 1920/2006

Regulation (EC) No 1920/2006 is amended as follows:

(1) In Article 2 the following point (f) is added:

"(f)    Exchange of information, early warning system and risk assessment on new psychoactive substances

(i)    collecting, collating, analysing, and assessing the available information from the Reitox National Focal Points and the Europol National Units on new psychoactive substances as defined in Article […] of Council Framework Decision 2004/757/JHA [as amended by Directive (EU) …/…] and communicating this information to the Reitox National Focal Points and the Europol National Units as well as to the Commission without undue delay;

(ii)    drawing up the initial report or combined initial report in accordance with Article 5b;

(iii)    organising the risk assessment procedure in accordance with Articles 5c and 5d;

(iv)    monitoring, in cooperation with Europol and with the support of the Reitox National Focal Points and the Europol National Units, all new psychoactive substances that have been reported by Member States."

(2) In Article 5 (2) the second and third subparagraphs are deleted.

(3) The following Articles 5a, 5b, 5c and 5d are inserted:

"Article 5a

Information exchange and early warning system on new psychoactive substances

Each Member State shall ensure that its Reitox National Focal Points and the Europol National Unit provide timely and without any undue delay to the Centre and Europol the available information on new psychoactive substances. The information shall be related to the detection and identification, use and patterns of use, potential and identified risks, manufacture, extraction, distribution, trafficking, commercial, as well as medical and scientific use of these substances.

The Centre, in cooperation with Europol, shall collect, analyse, assess, and communicate this information in a timely manner to Member States with a view to providing Member States with any information required for the purposes of early warning and for the purposes of allowing the Centre to draw up the initial report or the combined initial report pursuant to Article 5b.

Article 5b

Initial report

1.    Where the Centre, the Commission or the Council, acting by a simple majority of Member States, consider that the information shared on a new psychoactive substance collected pursuant to Article 5a in one or more Member States gives rise to concerns that the new psychoactive substance may pose health or social risks at the Union level, the Centre shall draw up an initial report on the new psychoactive substance.

2.    The initial report shall contain:

(a)a first indication of the nature or scale of health and social risks associated with the new psychoactive substance;

(b)a chemical and physical description of the new psychoactive substance, the methods and the precursors used for its manufacture or extraction;

(c)a pharmacological and toxicological description of the new psychoactive substance;

(d)information on the involvement of criminal groups in the manufacture and distribution of the new psychoactive substance;

(e)information on the human and veterinary medical use of the new psychoactive substance, including as an active substance in a medicinal product or veterinary medicinal product;

(f)information on whether the new psychoactive substance is subject to any restrictive measures in the Member States.

(g)information on whether the new psychoactive substance is currently under assessment, or has been under assessment, within the system established by the 1961 Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, as amended by the 1972 Protocol, or the 1971 Convention on Psychotropic Substances (United Nations system).

3.    For the purpose of the initial report, the Centre shall use information which is already at its disposal.

4.    Where the Centre considers it necessary, it shall request the Reitox National Focal Points to provide additional information on the new psychoactive substance. The Reitox National Focal Points shall provide that information within two weeks of the receipt of the request.

5.    The Centre shall request the European Medicines Agency to provide information on whether, in the Union or in any Member State, the new psychoactive substance is:

(a)an active substance in a medicinal product or a veterinary medicinal product that has obtained a marketing authorisation;

(b)    an active substance in a medicinal product or a veterinary medicinal product that is the subject of an application for a marketing authorisation;

(c)    an active substance in a medicinal product or a veterinary medicinal product that has obtained a marketing authorisation, but the marketing authorisation has been suspended by the competent authority;

(d)    an active substance in an unauthorised medicinal product in accordance with Article 5 of Directive 2001/83/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council 17 or in a veterinary medicinal product prepared extemporaneously by a person authorised to do so under national legislation in accordance with Article 10(1)(c) of Directive 2001/82/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council 18 ;

(e)    an active substance in authorised clinical trials and in investigational medicinal products in accordance with Article 2(d) of Directive 2001/20/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council 19 .

6.    The Centre shall request Europol to provide information on the involvement of criminal groups in the manufacture and distribution of the new psychoactive substance, and in any use of the new psychoactive substance.

7.    The Centre shall request the European Chemicals Agency and the European Food Safety Authority to provide the information and data at their disposal on the new psychoactive substance.

8.    The details of the cooperation between the Centre and the bodies and agencies referred to in paragraphs 5, 6 and 7 shall be governed by working arrangements. Such working arrangements shall be concluded in accordance with the second paragraph of Article 20.

9.    The Centre shall respect the conditions on use of the information, which are communicated to the Centre, including conditions on information and data security and protection of confidential business information.

10.    The Centre shall submit the initial report to the Commission and the Council within five weeks from the requests for information referred to in paragraphs 5, 6 and 7.

11.    When the Centre collects information on several new psychoactive substances with similar chemical structure, it shall submit to the Commission and the Council individual initial reports or combined reports dealing with several new psychoactive substances, provided that the characteristics of each new psychoactive substance are clearly identified, within six weeks from the launch of the initial report.

Article 5c

Risk assessment procedure and report

1.    Within two weeks from the receipt of the initial report referred to in Article 5b(10) the Commission may request the Centre to assess the potential risks posed by the new psychoactive substance and to draw up a risk assessment report. The risk assessment shall be conducted by the Scientific Committee.

2.    Within two weeks from the receipt of the combined initial report referred to in Article 5b(11), the Commission may request the Centre to assess the potential risks posed by several new psychoactive substances with similar chemical structure and to draw up a combined risk assessment report. The combined risk assessment shall be conducted by the Scientific Committee of the Centre.

3.    The risk assessment report or combined risk assessment report shall contain:

(a)information on the chemical and physical properties of the new psychoactive substance, the methods and the precursors used for its manufacture or extraction;

(b)information on the pharmacological and toxicological properties of the new psychoactive substance;

(c)an analysis of the health risks associated with the new psychoactive substance, in particular with respect to its acute and chronic toxicity, abuse liability, dependence-producing potential, and its physical, mental and behavioural effects;

(d)an analysis of the social risks associated with the new psychoactive substance, in particular its impact on social functioning, public order and criminal activities, the involvement of criminal groups in the manufacture and distribution of the new psychoactive substance;

(e)information on the prevalence and patterns of the use of the new psychoactive substance, its availability and potential for diffusion within the Union;

(f)information on the commercial and industrial use of the new psychoactive substance, the extent of such use(s), as well as its use for scientific research and development purposes.

4.    The Scientific Committee shall assess the risks posed by the new psychoactive substance or group of new psychoactive substances. The Committee may be extended as deemed necessary by the Director, acting on the advice of the chairperson of the Scientific Committee, by including experts representing the scientific fields relevant for ensuring a balanced assessment of the risks of the new psychoactive substance. The Director shall designate them from a list of experts. The Management Board shall approve the list of experts every three years.

The Commission, the Centre, Europol and the European Medicines Agency shall each have the right to nominate two observers.

5.    The Scientific Committee shall carry out the risk assessment on the basis of the available information and of any other relevant scientific evidence. It shall take into account all opinions held by its members. The Centre shall organise the risk assessment process, including identifying future information needs and relevant studies.

6.    The Centre shall submit the risk assessment report to the Commission within six weeks from the receipt of the request from the Commission.

7.    Upon duly motivated request of the Centre, the Commission may extend the period to complete the risk assessment or combined risk assessment to allow for additional research and data collection to take place. The request of the Centre shall contain information on the period of time needed to complete the risk assessment or combined risk assessment.

Article 5d

Exclusion from risk assessment

1.    No risk assessment shall be carried out where the new psychoactive substance is at an advanced stage of assessment within the United Nations system, namely once the World Health Organisation expert committee on drug dependence has published its critical review together with a written recommendation, except where there is significant information that is new or of particular relevance for the Union and that has not been taken into account by the United Nations system.

2.    No risk assessment shall be carried out where the new psychoactive substance has been assessed within the United Nations system, but it has been decided not to schedule it under the 1961 Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, as amended by the 1972 Protocol, or the 1971 Convention on Psychotropic Substances, except where there is significant information that is new or of particular relevance for the Union.

3.    No risk assessment shall be carried out where the new psychoactive substance is:

(a)an active substance in a medicinal product or a veterinary medicinal product that has obtained a marketing authorisation;

(b)    an active substance in a medicinal product or a veterinary medicinal product that is the subject of an application for a marketing authorisation;

(c)    an active substance in a medicinal product or a veterinary medicinal product that has obtained a marketing authorisation, but the marketing authorisation has been suspended, but has not yet been withdrawn, by the competent authority;

(d)    an active substance involved in authorised clinical trials and in investigational medicinal products."

(4) In Article 13 (2) the fourth subparagraph is replaced by the following:

"For the purpose of assessing the risks posed by the psychoactive substance or group of new psychoactive substances, the Scientific Committee may be extended following the procedure laid down in Article 5c(4)."

Article 2

This Regulation shall enter into force on [the same day as the day for transposition of Directive (EU) …/ … [amending Council Framework Decision 2004/757/JHA of 25 October 2004 laying down minimum provision on the constituent elements of criminal acts and penalties in the field of illicit drug trafficking].

This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States.

Done at Brussels,

LEGISLATIVE FINANCIAL STATEMENT

1.    FRAMEWORK OF THE PROPOSAL/INITIATIVE

   1.1.    Title of the proposal/initiative

   1.2.    Policy area(s) concerned in the ABM/ABB structure

   1.3.    Nature of the proposal/initiative

   1.4.    Objective(s)

   1.5.    Grounds for the proposal/initiative

   1.6.    Duration and financial impact

   1.7.    Management mode(s) planned

2.    MANAGEMENT MEASURES

   2.1.    Monitoring and reporting rules

   2.2.    Management and control system

   2.3.    Measures to prevent fraud and irregularities

3.    ESTIMATED FINANCIAL IMPACT OF THE PROPOSAL/INITIATIVE

   3.1.    Heading(s) of the multiannual financial framework and expenditure budget line(s) affected

   3.2.    Estimated impact on expenditure 

   3.2.1.    Summary of estimated impact on expenditure

   3.2.2.    Estimated impact on operational appropriations

   3.2.3.    Estimated impact on appropriations of an administrative nature

   3.2.4.    Compatibility with the current multiannual financial framework

   3.2.5.    Third-party contributions

   3.3.    Estimated impact on revenue

LEGISLATIVE FINANCIAL STATEMENT

1.FRAMEWORK OF THE PROPOSAL/INITIATIVE

1.1.Title of the proposal/initiative

1.2.Policy area(s) concerned in the ABM/ABB structure 20  

1.3.Nature of the proposal/initiative

☒ The proposal/initiative relates to a new action in the mandate of the Agency (exponential growth)

◻ The proposal/initiative relates to a new action following a pilot project/preparatory action 21  

◻ The proposal/initiative relates to the extension of an existing action 

◻ The proposal/initiative relates to an action redirected towards a new action 

1.4.Objective(s)

1.4.1.The Commission's multiannual strategic objective(s) targeted by the proposal/initiative

1.4.2.Specific objective(s) and ABM/ABB activity(ies) concerned

1.4.3.Expected result(s) and impact

Specify the effects which the proposal/initiative should have on the beneficiaries/groups targeted.

1.4.4.Indicators of results and impact

Specify the indicators for monitoring implementation of the proposal/initiative.

1.5.Grounds for the proposal/initiative

1.5.1.Requirement(s) to be met in the short or long term

1.5.2.Added value of EU involvement

1.5.3.Lessons learned from similar experiences in the past

1.5.4.Compatibility and possible synergy with other appropriate instruments

1.6.Duration and financial impact

◻ Proposal/initiative of limited duration

–◻ Proposal/initiative in effect from [DD/MM]YYYY to [DD/MM]YYYY

–◻ Financial impact from YYYY to YYYY

☒ Proposal/initiative of unlimited duration

–◻ Implementation with a start-up period from 2017 to 2020,

–◻ followed by full-scale operation.

1.7.Management mode(s) planned 23

◻ Direct management by the Commission

–◻ by its departments, including by its staff in the Union delegations;

–◻ by the executive agencies

◻ Shared management with the Member States

☒ Indirect management by entrusting budget implementation tasks to:

–◻ third countries or the bodies they have designated;

–◻ international organisations and their agencies (to be specified);

–◻the EIB and the European Investment Fund;

–☒ bodies referred to in Articles 208 and 209 of the Financial Regulation;

–◻ public law bodies;

–◻ bodies governed by private law with a public service mission to the extent that they provide adequate financial guarantees;

–◻ bodies governed by the private law of a Member State that are entrusted with the implementation of a public-private partnership and that provide adequate financial guarantees;

–◻ persons entrusted with the implementation of specific actions in the CFSP pursuant to Title V of the TEU, and identified in the relevant basic act.

–If more than one management mode is indicated, please provide details in the ‘Comments’ section.

Comments

2.MANAGEMENT MEASURES

2.1.Monitoring and reporting rules

Specify frequency and conditions.

2.2.Management and control system

2.2.1.Risk(s) identified

2.2.2.Information concerning the internal control system set up

2.2.3.Estimate of the costs and benefits of the controls and assessment of the expected level of risk of error

2.3.Measures to prevent fraud and irregularities

Specify existing or envisaged prevention and protection measures.

3.ESTIMATED FINANCIAL IMPACT OF THE PROPOSAL/INITIATIVE

3.1.Heading(s) of the multiannual financial framework and expenditure budget line(s) affected

Existing budget lines

In order of multiannual financial framework headings and budget lines.

New budget lines requested - NA

In order of multiannual financial framework headings and budget lines.

3.2.Estimated impact on expenditure

3.2.1.Summary of estimated impact on expenditure

EUR million (to three decimal places)

If more than one heading is affected by the proposal / initiative: NA

EUR million (to three decimal places)

EUR million (to three decimal places)

3.2.2.Estimated impact on operational appropriations

–◻    The proposal/initiative does not require the use of operational appropriations

–☒    The proposal/initiative requires the use of additional operational appropriations, as explained below:

Commitment appropriations in EUR million (to three decimal places)

* The output presented only covers the new task linked to the NPS.    

3.2.3.Estimated impact on appropriations of an administrative nature

3.2.3.1.Summary

–◻    The proposal/initiative does not require the use of appropriations of an administrative nature

–☒    The proposal/initiative requires the use of appropriations of an administrative nature, as explained below:

EUR million (to three decimal places)

The appropriations required for human resources and other expenditure of an administrative nature will be met by appropriations from the DG that are already assigned to management of the action and/or have been redeployed within the DG, together if necessary with any additional allocation which may be granted to the managing DG under the annual allocation procedure and in the light of budgetary constraints.

3.2.3.2.Estimated requirements of human resources

–◻    The proposal/initiative does not require the use of human resources.

–☒    The proposal/initiative requires the use of human resources, as explained below:

Estimate to be expressed in full time equivalent units

XX is the policy area or budget title concerned.

The human resources required will be met by staff from the DG who are already assigned to management of the action and/or have been redeployed within the DG, together if necessary with any additional allocation which may be granted to the managing DG under the annual allocation procedure and in the light of budgetary constraints.

Description of tasks to be carried out:

3.2.4.Compatibility with the current multiannual financial framework

–☒    The proposal/initiative is compatible with the current multiannual financial framework.

–◻    The proposal/initiative will entail reprogramming of the relevant heading in the multiannual financial framework.

–◻    The proposal/initiative requires application of the flexibility instrument or revision of the multiannual financial framework.

3.2.5.Third-party contributions

–☒    The proposal/initiative does not provide for co-financing by third parties.

–The proposal/initiative provides for the co-financing estimated below:

Appropriations in EUR million (to three decimal places)

3.3.Estimated impact on revenue

–☒    The proposal/initiative has no financial impact on revenue.

–◻    The proposal/initiative has the following financial impact:

–◻    on own resources

–◻    on miscellaneous revenue

EUR million (to three decimal places)

For miscellaneous ‘assigned’ revenue, specify the budget expenditure line(s) affected.

Specify the method for calculating the impact on revenue.

(1) EU Drugs Market Report 2016, p. 28.

(2) General Assembly Resolution A/RES/S-30/1.

(3) COM(2013) 619 final.

(4) COM(2013) 618 final.

(5) OJ L 127, 10.5.2005, p. 32. The different policy options have been analysed in the impact assessment accompanying both proposals, SWD(2013) 319 final.

(6) European Parliament Document P7_TA(2014)0453.

(7) Summary record, Council document 7908/1/16 REV 1 of 27 May 2016.

(8) COM(2015) 185 final.

(9) OJ L 335, 11.11.2004, p.8.

(10) SWD(2013) 319 final, p. 46-75.

(11) OJ C , , p.

(12) OJ C , , p. .

(13) Council Joint Action 97/396/JHA of 16 June 1997 concerning the information exchange, risk assessment and control of new synthetic drugs (OJ L 167, 25.6.1997, p. 1).

(14) Council Decision 2005/387/JHA of 10 May 2005 on the information exchange, risk assessment and control of new psychoactive substances (OJ L 127, 20.5.2005, p. 32).

(15) Council Framework Decision 2004/757/JHA of 25 October 2004 laying down minimum provisions on the constituent elements of criminal acts and penalties in the field of illicit drug trafficking (OJ L 335, 11.11.2004, p. 8).

(16) Regulation (EC) No 1920/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12 December 2006 on the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (OJ L 376, 27.12.2006, p.1).

(17) Directive 2001/83/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 6 November 2001 on the Community code relating to medicinal products for human use (OJ L 311, 28.11.2001, p. 67).

(18) Directive 2001/82/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 6 November 2001 on the Community code relating to veterinary medicinal products (OJ L 311, 28.11.2001, p. 1)

(19) Directive 2001/20/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 4 April 2001 on the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States relating to the implementation of good clinical practice in the conduct of clinical trials on medicinal products for human use (OJ L 121, 1.5.2001, p. 34).

(20) ABM: activity-based management; ABB: activity-based budgeting.

(21) As referred to in Article 54(2)(a) or (b) of the Financial Regulation.

(22) COM(2015) 185 final.

(23) Details of management modes and references to the Financial Regulation may be found on the BudgWeb site: http://www.cc.cec/budg/man/budgmanag/budgmanag_en.html

(24) Diff. = Differentiated appropriations / Non-diff. = Non-differentiated appropriations.

(25) EFTA: European Free Trade Association.

(26) Candidate countries and, where applicable, potential candidate countries from the Western Balkans.

(27) Year N is the year in which implementation of the proposal/initiative starts.

(28) Technical and/or administrative assistance and expenditure in support of the implementation of EU programmes and/or actions (former ‘BA’ lines), indirect research, direct research.

(29) Year N is the year in which implementation of the proposal/initiative starts.

(30) Outputs are products and services to be supplied (e.g.: number of student exchanges financed, number of km of roads built, etc.).

(31) As described in point 1.4.2. ‘Specific objective(s)…’

(32) Year N is the year in which implementation of the proposal/initiative starts.

(33) AC= Contract Staff; AL = Local Staff; END= Seconded National Expert; INT = agency staff; JED= Junior Experts in Delegations.

(34) Sub-ceiling for external staff covered by operational appropriations (former ‘BA’ lines).

(35) As regards traditional own resources (customs duties, sugar levies), the amounts indicated must be net amounts, i.e. gross amounts after deduction of 25 % for collection costs.