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| EVROPSKA KOMISIJA | EUROPEAN COMMISSION |
| Bruselj, 18.11.2015 | Brussels, 18.11.2015 |
| COM(2015) 572 final | COM(2015) 572 final |
| SPOROČILO KOMISIJE | COMMUNICATION FROM THE COMMISSION |
| Stanje energetske unije 2015 | State of the Energy Union 2015 |
| {SWD(2015) 208}{SWD(2015) 209}{SWD(2015) 217 à 243} | {SWD(2015) 208}{SWD(2015) 209}{SWD(2015) 217 à 243} |
| 1. Uvod | 1. Introduction |
| „Okvirna strategija za trdno energetsko unijo s podnebno politiko, usmerjeno v prihodnost“ 1 Evropske komisije je dala nov zagon za uresničitev prehoda na nizkoogljično, varno in konkurenčno gospodarstvo. Da bi ohranili zagon, to prvo poročilo o stanju energetske unije 2 obravnava napredek, dosežen v zadnjih devetih mesecih, in opredeljuje ključna vprašanja, ki jim bo treba v letu 2016, tj. ključnem letu za izvedbo energetske unije, nameniti posebno politično pozornost 3 . | The European Commission's “Framework Strategy for a Resilient Energy Union with a Forward-Looking Climate Change Policy” 1 has created a new momentum to bring about the transition to a low-carbon, secure and competitive economy. To keep this momentum, this first State of the Energy Union 2 looks at progress over the last nine months and identifies key issues that require specific political attention in 2016, a key year for implementation of the Energy Union. 3 |
| Čez nekaj dni se bodo svetovni voditelji zbrali v Parizu, da bi se dogovorili, kako se spopasti z enim od največjih izzivov človeštva: podnebnimi spremembami. Poročilo o stanju energetske unije poudarja prispevek Evrope k pariškim pogajanjem in se osredotoča na nadaljnje ukrepe. Evropa, ki je vodilna pri prehodu na nizkoogljično gospodarstvo, mora po pariški konferenci – z izvajanjem ciljev na področju energije in podnebnih sprememb do leta 2030 ter usklajeno diplomacijo na področju energije in podnebnih sprememb – še naprej zagotavljati, da vse države nadalje ukrepajo glede svojih zavez. | In a few days, world leaders will gather in Paris to agree how to tackle one of mankind’s greatest challenges: climate change. The State of the Energy Union highlights Europe’s contribution to the Paris negotiations and focuses on the follow-up. Europe’s leadership in the transition to a low-carbon economy needs to continue after Paris, both through the implementation of the 2030 climate and energy targets and a coherent energy and climate diplomacy, ensuring that all countries follow-up on their commitments. |
| Ta prehod je zelo pomemben za podjetja. Vodilna evropska podjetja spreminjajo svoje poslovne modele. Energija iz obnovljivih virov in energijska učinkovitost ustvarjata delovna mesta v Evropi, ki zahtevajo nova znanja in spretnosti ter naložbe. Številne spremembe, povezane s tem prehodom, se bodo zgodile v mestih in občinah; ko naša mesta postanejo pametnejša, postanejo ključni akterji, ki omogočajo politike EU na področju trajnostne energije. | There is a strong business case for this transition. Leading European companies are changing their business models. Renewable energy and energy efficiency are creating jobs in Europe, requiring new skills and investments. Many of the changes linked to this transition will take place in cities and municipalities; when our cities become smarter, they become key enablers of the EU’s sustainable energy policies. |
| Trg električne energije in trg plina še vedno ne delujeta tako, kot bi morala. Da bi bil prehod v nizkoogljično gospodarstvo in družbo uspešen in socialno pravičen, ga morajo državljani še bolj sprejeti za svojega, izkoristiti nove tehnologije in večjo konkurenčnost, da si znižajo stroške, ter dejavneje sodelovati na trgu. | The electricity and gas markets are still not performing as they should. For the transition towards a low-carbon economy and society to be successful and socially fair, citizens should take more ownership, benefit from new technologies and more competition to reduce their bills, and participate more actively in the market. |
| Zaradi geopolitičnih dogodkov v naši neposredni bližini je energetika leta 2015 ostala visoko na dnevnem redu. Energetska varnost, učinkovitost, razvoj infrastrukture, dokončanje notranjega energetskega trga in trajnost so neločljivo povezani z obravnavanjem teh izzivov. Drugi seznam projektov skupnega interesa določa tiste projekte, ki so nujno potrebni za doseganje naših ciljev energetske politike. | In 2015, geopolitical events in our immediate vicinity kept energy high on the agenda. To deal with these challenges, energy security, efficiency, infrastructure development, the completion of the internal energy market and sustainability are intrinsically linked. The 2nd list of Projects of Common Interest sets out the infrastructure projects which are urgently needed to meet our energy policy targets and objectives. |
| Poročilo o stanju energetske unije predstavlja temeljne gradnike za izvedbeni mehanizem, ki vodi v predvidljivejše, preglednejše in stabilnejše politike. Smernice o integriranih nacionalnih načrtih na področju energije in podnebnih sprememb državam članicam zagotavljajo podlago za razvoj integriranih nacionalnih načrtov na področju energije in podnebnih sprememb za obdobje 2021–2030. Predlagana metodologija v zvezi s ključnimi kazalniki bo prvi korak za merjenje in spremljanje uresničevanja energetske unije. | The State of the Energy Union presents key building blocks for an implementation mechanism leading to more predictable, transparent and stable policies. The guidance on integrated national energy and climate plans provides the basis for Member States to start developing their integrated national energy and climate plans for the period from 2021 to 2030. The proposed methodology on key indicators is the first step towards measuring and monitoring the delivery of the Energy Union. |
| V zadnjih mesecih je Komisija obiskala številne države članice, da bi se o energetski uniji pogovarjala s širokim krogom deležnikov. Poleg tega so v vsaki državi članici potekale tehnične razprave. Ti stiki so Komisiji omogočili, da je pripravila oceno energetske unije za vsako državo članico in opredelila sklepe politike za vseh pet razsežnosti energetske unije. | In recent months, the Commission has visited many Member States to discuss the Energy Union with a wide range of stakeholders. In addition, technical discussions have taken place with all Member States. These contacts have enabled the Commission to produce an Energy Union assessment for each Member State and to identify policy conclusions for all five dimensions of the Energy Union. |
| 2. Razogljičenje gospodarstva | 2. Decarbonisation of the economy |
| Doseženi napredek | Progress made |
| Gospodarstvo EU je trenutno ogljično najučinkovitejše veliko gospodarstvo na svetu. Zlasti uspešno je pri ločevanju gospodarske rasti od emisij toplogrednih plinov. Med letoma 1990 in 2014 se je skupni bruto domači proizvod EU povečal za 46 %, medtem ko so se skupne emisije toplogrednih plinov zmanjšale za 23 %. EU je eno od samo treh velikih gospodarstev 4 , ki več kot polovico svoje električne energije proizvedejo brez emisij toplogrednih plinov 5 . | The EU economy is currently the most carbon-efficient major economy in the world. It has been particularly successful in decoupling economic growth and greenhouse gas emissions. Between 1990 and 2014, the combined gross domestic product of the EU grew by 46%, while total greenhouse gas emissions decreased by 23%. The EU is one of only three major economies 4 that generate more than half of its electricity without producing greenhouse gases. 5 |
| Eden od ciljev strategije energetske unije je, da bi se še bolj odmaknili od gospodarstva, ki temelji na fosilnih gorivih. Leta 2015 je bil dosežen napredek na treh področjih, ki so bistvena za ta prehod: trgovanje z emisijami, obnovljivi viri energije ter nadaljnje naložbe v nizkoogljične tehnologije in energijsko učinkovitost. | One objective of the Energy Union Strategy is to move further away from an economy driven by fossil fuels. In 2015, progress was made in three fields that lie at the heart of this transition: emissions trading, renewables, and further investments in low carbon technologies and energy efficiency. |
| Dogovor o uvedbi rezerve za stabilnost trga, ki bo na voljo od leta 2019, bo okrepil sistem EU za trgovanje z emisijami (ETS). Komisija je julija 2015 predstavila predlog za revizijo sistema EU za trgovanje z emisijami. To je zadnji korak za zagotovitev ustreznosti sistema EU za trgovanje z emisijami, da se v celoti izkoristi kot glavni evropski instrument za doseganje cilja v zvezi z zmanjšanjem emisij toplogrednih plinov do leta 2030. Komisija Evropski parlament in Svet poziva, naj zdaj predlog obravnavata prednostno. | The agreement on the introduction of the Market Stability Reserve, in place from 2019, will strengthen the EU Emissions Trading System (ETS). In July 2015, the Commission presented a proposal to revise the EU Emissions Trading System. This is the final step to make the EU Emissions Trading System fit to play its full strength as the main European instrument to achieve the 2030 greenhouse gas emissions target. The Commission urges the European Parliament and the Council to take the proposal forward with priority. |
| Komisija je julija 2015 skladno s ciljem, da bi postali številka ena na področju obnovljivih virov energije, predložila posvetovalno sporočilo o novi zasnovi trga električne energije, katerega glavni cilj je pripraviti trg, ki bo ustrezal vse večjemu deležu obnovljivih virov energije. Obnovljivi viri energije postajajo glavni vir energije. Že zdaj zadovoljijo potrebe 78 milijonov Evropejcev, zato je EU kot taka na pravi poti, da izpolni svoj cilj, tj. 20 % porabe končne energije iz obnovljivih virov do leta 2020. | Supporting the ambition to become the number one in renewables, the Commission came forward with a consultative Communication on a new electricity market design in July 2015, a central objective of which is to make the market fit for an increasing share of renewables. Renewables are becoming a mainstream source of energy. They already cater for the needs of 78 million Europeans, and the EU as such is on track to meet its target of 20% final energy consumption from renewable sources by 2020. |
| Za prehod v nizkoogljično gospodarstvo bodo potrebne precejšnje naložbe, zlasti v elektroenergetska omrežja, proizvodnjo, energijsko učinkovitost in inovacije 6 . Proračun EU prispeva k uresničitvi te spremembe, saj cilje na področju podnebnih sprememb vključuje v vse ustrezne pobude politik, s čimer zagotavlja, da je vsaj 20 % proračuna EU za obdobje 2014–2020 namenjenih podnebnim spremembam. To pomeni približno 180 milijard EUR v obdobju 2014–2020. Več kot 110 milijard EUR je na voljo prek evropskih strukturnih in investicijskih skladov (skladi ESI). Poleg tega so bili projekti trajnostne energije med prvimi projekti, za katere je bilo odobreno jamstvo Evropskega sklada za strateške naložbe (EFSI), zlasti na Danskem, Finskem, v Franciji, Španiji in Združenem kraljestvu. | The transition to a low-carbon economy will need significant investments, notably in power grids, generation, energy efficiency and innovation 6 . The EU-budget contributes to deliver this shift through integrating climate objectives in all relevant policy initiatives, ensuring that at least 20% of EU budget 2014-2020 is climate relevant. This represents around EUR 180 billion from 2014 to 2020. More than EUR 110 billion is made available through the European Structural and Investment Funds (ESIF). In addition, sustainable energy projects have been among the first projects approved for the European Fund for Strategic Investments (EFSI) guarantee, in particular in Denmark, Finland, France, Spain and the United Kingdom. |
| EU je marca 2015 predložila zavezujoči cilj, da se domače emisije iz celotnega gospodarstva do leta 2030 zmanjšajo za vsaj 40 % v primerjavi s stopnjami iz leta 1990, in sicer na podlagi Komisijinega okvira podnebne in energetske politike do leta 2030. EU je septembra 2015 dosegla dogovor o svojem stališču za podnebno konferenco v Parizu (COP21) 7 . Potrjena je bila pripravljenost EU za pogajanja o ambicioznem, zavezujočem in preglednem globalnem podnebnem dogovoru, ki določa jasno opredeljeno pot za omejitev dviga povprečne temperature na svetovni ravni pod 2 °C. V trenutku sprejetja tega poročila o stanju energetske unije je več kot 160 držav, ki ustvarijo več kot 90 % trenutnih svetovnih emisij, predstavilo svoj načrtovani prispevek na nacionalni ravni. Obseg teh prispevkov je brez primere in bo pomenil znatno zmanjšanje emisij po vsem svetu, kar pomeni premik od „ukrepanja nekaterih“ v skladu s Kjotskim protokolom k „ukrepanju vseh“. | In March 2015, the EU submitted a binding domestic economy-wide emissions reduction target of at least 40% by 2030 compared to 1990 levels, based on the Commission's 2030 Energy and Climate Framework. In September 2015, the EU agreed its position for the Paris climate conference (COP21) 7 . It confirmed the EU's readiness to negotiate an ambitious, binding and transparent global climate deal that provides a clearly defined pathway to limit rises in global average temperature to below 2°C. At the time of the adoption of this State of the Energy Union, more than 160 countries representing more than 90% of current global emissions have presented their Intended Nationally Determined Contribution (INDC). The scale of these contributions is without precedent and will lead to a significant reduction of emissions around the globe, moving from "action by few" under the Kyoto Protocol to "action by all". |
| Za doseganje teh ciljev bo potrebno nadaljnje drzno ukrepanje na lokalni ravni. Komisija je s tem ciljem v mislih 15. oktobra 2015 pripravila srečanje predstavnikov manjših in večjih mest, da bi uvedli novo konvencijo županov, ki zajema ukrepe za ublažitev podnebnih sprememb in pobude za prilagoditev. Uvedba nove konvencije županov bo spodbudila ukrepanje lokalnih organov po vsem svetu, vključno z regijami, ki doslej niso bile vključene. | Reaching these targets will require further bold action at the local level. With that goal in mind, the Commission convened on 15 October 2015 the representatives from towns and cities to launch a new Covenant of Mayors, covering both climate change mitigation and adaptation initiatives. By launching a Global Covenant of Mayors, it will encourage action by local authorities worldwide, including in regions not involved so far. |
| Do zasedanja COP21 se bo k ukrepanju zavezalo tudi več kot 4 000 podjetij. Uresničevanje teh zavez na terenu ponuja pomembne poslovne priložnosti za inovativna podjetja EU ter bo v EU ustvarilo delovna mesta in rast. | More than 4000 businesses will also make commitments to action by the time of COP21. Delivering these commitments on the ground offers significant business opportunities for innovative EU enterprises and will create jobs and growth in the EU. |
| Pot naprej | Way forward |
| Takoj po pariški podnebni konferenci morajo vse države svoje zaveze prenesti v konkretne ukrepe politike. Zato bo Komisija v prvi polovici leta 2016 pripravila predloge o uresničevanju cilja 30-odstotnega zmanjšanja emisij iz sektorjev, ki niso vključeni v sistem ETS, v primerjavi z letom 2005, tako da bo določila nacionalne cilje za zmanjšanje emisij toplogrednih plinov in obravnavala vključitev sektorja rabe zemljišč, spremembe rabe zemljišč in gozdarstva (sektor LULUCF). | Immediately after the Paris climate conference, all countries need to turn their commitments into concrete policy actions. In the first half of 2016, the Commission therefore intends to make proposals on the implementation of the non-ETS emissions reduction target of 30% compared to 2005, by setting national greenhouse gas reduction targets and addressing the integration of the land use, land use change and forestry (LULUCF) sector. |
| Ker približno tretjina emisij toplogrednih plinov iz sektorjev, ki niso vključeni v sistem ETS, izhaja iz prometnega sektorja, Komisija načrtuje sporočilo o potrebnih ukrepih za razogljičenje vseh načinov prevoza. Temu bodo sledili predlogi glede standardov za emisije CO2 za osebna in kombinirana vozila, spremljanja težkih tovornih vozil, poštenega in učinkovitega oblikovanja cen ter pravil o dostopu na trg za cestni prevoz. | As about one third of the greenhouse gas emissions in the non-ETS sectors come from transport, the Commission foresees a Communication on actions needed to decarbonise all modes of transport. This should be followed by proposals, including on CO2 emission standards for cars and vans, on monitoring for heavy duty vehicles, on fair and efficient pricing and on market access rules for road transport. |
| Učinkovito izvajanje regulativnih standardov je bistven element pri zmanjševanju emisij v cestnem prometu. Sistemi preskušanja so precej podcenili emisije toplogrednih plinov in nekatera onesnaževala zraka. Komisija v tem okviru pripravlja predlog za uporabo svetovno usklajenega preskusnega postopka za lahka tovorna vozila v EU 8 . Ko bo leta 2017 uveljavljen, bo zagotovil natančnejše informacije o emisijah CO2 in porabi goriva. Poleg tega bo od leta 2017 postalo obvezno preskušanje emisij pri dejanski vožnji, namenjeno merjenju emisij onesnaževal zraka iz dizelskih avtomobilov, da bi učinkovito zmanjšali njihove emisije dušikovih oksidov (NOx) 9 . Komisija tudi pripravlja predloge za okrepitev sistema homologacije in nadzora trga ter neodvisnosti preskušanja vozil. | Effective enforcement of regulatory standards is a critical element in bringing down road transport emissions. Testing systems have seriously underestimated the emissions of greenhouse gases and certain air pollutants. In this context, the Commission is preparing a proposal to apply the World-harmonised Light-duty vehicle Test Procedure (WLTP) in the EU. 8 Upon its entry into force in 2017, it will provide more accurate information on CO2 emissions and fuel consumption. Furthermore, real driving emissions tests for measuring the air pollutant emissions of diesel cars will become mandatory from 2017 onwards to effectively bring down their emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx). 9 . Furthermore, the Commission is preparing proposals to strengthen the type approval and market surveillance system and reinforce the independence of vehicle testing. |
| Nova direktiva o spodbujanju uporabe energije iz obnovljivih virov in politika za trajnostno bioenergijo do leta 2030, ki bosta predstavljeni leta 2016, bosta zagotovili pravi okvir za doseganje zavezujočega cilja na ravni EU, tj. vsaj 27 % energije iz obnovljivih virov do leta 2030. Opredeljeni bodo politike in ukrepi EU, ki bodo skupaj s prispevki držav članic, opisanimi v njihovih nacionalnih načrtih na področju energije in podnebnih sprememb, zagotovili, da bo dosežen zadevni cilj. Da bi uveljavili prave pobude za razogljičenje, si prizadevamo tudi za postopno odpravo subvencij za fosilna goriva. | The new Renewable Energy Directive and the bioenergy sustainability policy for 2030, to be presented in 2016, should provide the right framework to achieve the binding EU-level target of at least 27% renewable energy by 2030. It will lay out EU policies and measures that should, together with Member States' contributions described in their national energy and climate plans, make sure that that target will be achieved. To put the right decarbonisation incentives in place, we will also push for a phase-out of fossil fuel subsidies. |
| Sklepi politik na ravni držav članic, regionalni ravni in ravni EU: | Policy conclusions at Member State, regional and EU levels: |
| EU je na poti, da doseže svoje cilje glede emisij toplogrednih plinov do leta 2020 (tj. zmanjšanje za 20 % do leta 2020 v primerjavi z letom 1990). Emisije EU so bile leta 2014 za 23 % manjše kot leta 1990 in bodo leta 2020 glede na projekcije, ki so jih predložile države članice, za 24 % manjše kot leta 1990. | The EU is on track towards meeting its EU 2020 targets in greenhouse gas emissions (i.e. -20% by 2020 compared to 1990). EU emissions were in 2014 23% below 1990 level and, according to the latest projections submitted by the Member States, emissions are expected to be 24% lower in 2020 than in 1990. |
| Pričakuje se, da bo nacionalne cilje v okviru strategije EU 2020 v sektorjih, ki niso vključeni v ETS, z obstoječimi politikami in ukrepi doseglo 24 držav članic. Štiri države članice (Luksemburg, Irska, Belgija in Avstrija) bodo morale za dosego nacionalnih ciljev do leta 2020 v sektorjih, ki niso vključeni v ETS, vložiti dodatna prizadevanja ali uporabiti obstoječe prožne mehanizme, predvidene v odločbi o porazdelitvi prizadevanj 10 . | 24 Member States are expected to meet their EU 2020 national target in the non-ETS with existing policies and measures. Four Member States (Ireland, Luxembourg, Belgium and Austria) will need additional efforts to meet domestically their 2020 targets for the non-ETS sectors or make use of the existing flexibilities foreseen in the Effort Sharing Decision 10 . |
| EU kot taka je glede energije iz obnovljivih virov na pravi poti, da doseže cilj za leto 2020. Vse države članice, razen treh (Luksemburga, Nizozemske in Združenega kraljestva), so dosegle svoje vmesne cilje za obdobje 2013/2014 na podlagi podatkov iz leta 2013 11 . Nekatere države članice, to so Francija, Luksemburg, Malta, Nizozemska in Združeno kraljestvo, nekoliko manj tudi Belgija in Španija, morajo oceniti, ali so njihove politike in njihova orodja zadostni in učinkoviti za dosego ciljev na področju energije iz obnovljivih virov. Tudi za Madžarsko in Poljsko ni gotovo, ali bosta dosegli cilje glede energije iz obnovljivih virov za leto 2020. Drugih devetnajst držav članic bo verjetno preseglo nacionalne cilje glede energije iz obnovljivih virov do leta 2020, nekatere celo znatno. Večji delež energije iz obnovljivih virov pomaga povečati evropsko energetsko varnost. | With regard to renewable energy, the EU as such is on track to meet the 2020 target. All but three Member States (Luxembourg, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom) met their 2013/14 interim target based on 2013 data. 11 Some Member States, i.e. France, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom and to a lesser extent Belgium and Spain, need to assess whether their policies and tools are sufficient and effective in meeting their renewable energy objectives. Achievement of the 2020 renewable energy targets is also not certain in the case of Hungary and Poland. The other nineteen Member States may exceed – some even considerably – their 2020 renewable energy targets. The increasing share of renewable energy helps to enhance Europe's energy security. |
| Poleg tega so v veliki večini držav članic potrebna nadaljnja prizadevanja za zagotovitev, da bo energija iz obnovljivih virov bolje integrirana na trg in zlasti, da bodo programi podpore usklajeni z delovanjem trga električne energije. Vse države članice morajo zagotoviti, da se bodo upoštevale nove smernice o državni pomoči za področje okolja in energetike, vključno z osnovno zahtevo, da se pomoč dodeljuje v konkurenčnih postopkih zbiranja ponudb na podlagi jasnih, preglednih in nediskriminacijskih meril ter da se obnovljivi viri energije približajo trgu. | Moreover, further efforts are needed in the vast majority of Member States to ensure that renewable energy is better integrated into the market and to ensure consistency between support schemes and the functioning of the electricity markets in particular. All Member States must ensure that the new State Aid Guidelines for environment and energy are respected, including the basic requirement to grant aid in a competitive bidding process on the basis of clear, transparent and non-discriminatory criteria and to bring renewables closer to the market. |
| Švedska je edina država članica, ki je doslej uporabila mehanizem sodelovanja z drugo državo članico (Norveško) na področju energije iz obnovljivih virov. Spodbudna je razširitev področja delovanja regionalnih forumov, kot je načrt povezovanja baltskega energetskega trga (BEMIP), da se vključi sodelovanje držav članic na področju energije iz obnovljivih virov. Potrebnih je več takih regionalnih pobud, na primer glede severnomorske in sredozemske regije. | Sweden is the only Member State that so far has engaged in a renewable energy cooperation mechanism with another country (Norway). The enhancement of the scope of regional fora such as the Baltic Energy Market Interconnection Plan (BEMIP) to include Member State cooperation on renewable energy is encouraging. More such regional initiatives are needed e.g. with regard to the Northern Seas and Mediterranean region. |
| 3. Energijska učinkovitost kot prispevek k zmanjšanju povpraševanja po energiji | 3. Energy efficiency as a contribution to the moderation of energy demand |
| Doseženi napredek | Progress made |
| Da bi dosegli ambiciozen cilj glede energijske učinkovitosti do leta 2030, je Komisija začela uvajati orodja in instrumente, ki energijsko učinkovitost obravnavajo kot vir energije, ki predstavlja vrednost prihranjene energije. Komisija je julija 2015 kot prvi korak predstavila predlog za revizijo direktive o označevanju energijske učinkovitosti 12 . S tem predlogom postaja veljavna zakonodaja o označevanju energijske učinkovitosti učinkovitejša in krepi se izvajanje. V letu 2015 so začeli veljati tudi številni ukrepi glede okoljsko primerne zasnove in označevanja energijske učinkovitosti, s katerimi bi se lahko še bolj zmanjšala poraba gospodinjstev in s tem tudi znižali stroški. Komisija namerava konec tega leta pripraviti nov delovni načrt za okoljsko primerno zasnovo, ki bo v prihodnje – poleg izboljšanja energijske učinkovitosti – podprl krožno gospodarstvo. | To reach an ambitious level of energy efficiency by 2030, the Commission has started to put in place tools and instruments treating energy efficiency as a source in its own right. As a first step, in July 2015, the Commission proposed a revision of the Energy Labelling Directive 12 . This proposal makes the existing acquis on energy labelling more efficient and will strengthen enforcement. Also in 2015, a number of eco-design and energy labelling measures entered into force, with the potential to further reduce household's energy consumption and thereby bills. Later this year, the Commission intends to come forward with a new Ecodesign working plan that - in addition to improving energy efficiency - will in the future support the circular economy. |
| Energijska učinkovitost ima pomembno vlogo v Evropskem skladu za strateške naložbe. Sklad že podpira strateške projekte za energijsko učinkovitost, na primer v Franciji in Italiji. Še veliko več projektov je v fazi potrjevanja. To bo dopolnilo naložbe iz evropskih strukturnih in investicijskih skladov. | Energy efficiency plays an important part in the European Fund for Strategic Investments. The fund already supports strategic energy efficiency projects, for example in France and Italy. Many more projects are in the approval pipeline. This will be complementary to investments from the European Structural and Investment Funds. |
| Iz priloženega poročila o napredku pri uresničevanju 20-odstotnega cilja energijske učinkovitosti do leta 2020 13 , ki je priloženo temu sporočilu, izhaja, da je bil sicer dosežen precejšen napredek, vendar da skupna prizadevanja držav članic ustrezajo le 17,6-odstotnemu prihranku primarne energije v primerjavi z napovedmi za leto 2020 14 . Vendar Komisija ostaja optimistična, da je mogoče 20-odstotni cilj doseči, če se veljavna zakonodaja EU izvaja pravilno in v celoti. Države članice bi si morale postaviti višje cilje in naložbene pogoje, tako da se bo energijska učinkovitost v Evropi še naprej izboljševala. | The report on progress in implementing the 2020 energy efficiency target of 20% by 2020 13 , accompanying this Communication, shows that despite significant progress made, collective efforts of Member States correspond to only 17.6% primary energy savings compared to projections for 2020. 14 However, the Commission remains optimistic that the 20% target can be achieved if existing EU legislation is correctly and fully implemented. Member States should increase ambition and investment conditions so that energy efficiency continues to improve in Europe. |
| Pot naprej | Way forward |
| Številne ovire še vedno preprečujejo, da bi v celoti izkoristili potencial energijske učinkovitosti, na primer pomanjkljivost obveščanja in pomanjkanje namenskih finančnih orodij. To vodi v omejeno izkoriščenost priložnosti, proizvodov in tehnologij na področju energijske učinkovitosti. | There are still numerous barriers to reaping the full potential of energy efficiency, such as information failures and a shortage of dedicated financial tools. This leads to a limited uptake of energy efficiency opportunities, products and technologies. |
| Komisija v letu 2016 predvideva zakonodajne predloge za uskladitev direktive o energijski učinkovitosti z okvirnim ciljem na ravni EU za leto 2030, ki je najmanj 27 % (kar bo revidirano do leta 2020, pri čemer bo upoštevan cilj 30-odstotni cilj na ravni EU). Enako pomembno se je treba zlasti osredotočiti na stavbe, katerih poraba energije predstavlja približno 40 % skupne porabe končne energije v EU in ki prispevajo približno četrtino emisij toplogrednih plinov v sektorjih, ki niso vključeni v ETS. Izvaja se temeljita ocena direktive o energijski učinkovitosti stavb zaradi njene revizije. | In 2016, the Commission foresees legislative proposals to align the Energy Efficiency Directive to the 2030 indicative EU-level target of at least 27% (to be reviewed by 2020, having in mind an EU level of 30%). Equally important is a particular focus on buildings, whose energy use represents about 40% of the EU's total final energy consumption and about a quarter of non-ETS direct greenhouse gas emissions. A thorough evaluation of the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive is being carried out in view of its revision. |
| Financiranje potrebnih vnaprejšnjih naložb za energijsko učinkovitost ostaja precejšen izziv. Naložbe v energijsko učinkovitost je treba do leta 2030 petkrat povečati 15 . Komisija si je za prednostno nalogo zastavila sodelovanje s partnerji, da bi leta 2016 vzpostavili programe združevanja manjših projektov na področju energijske učinkovitosti. Ti programi naj bi vlagateljem zagotovili boljše priložnosti za naložbe v energijsko učinkovitost in boljšo dostopnost kapitala za nacionalne, regionalne ali lokalne platforme in programe za energijsko učinkovitost, zlasti v tistih državah članicah, ki jih najbolj potrebujejo. Vključevali bodo krepitev tehnične pomoči in pomoči za razvoj projektov v okviru Evropskega svetovalnega vozlišča za naložbe (EIAH), ki sta ga Komisija in Evropska investicijska banka vzpostavili, da bi javnim promotorjem pomagali strukturirati njihove projekte in spodbujati programe financiranja s standardnimi pogoji, zlasti na področju stavb. Komisija bo v začetku leta 2016 vzpostavila Evropski portal naložbenih projektov (EIPP). Njegov namen je pritegniti vlagatelje v dobre naložbene projekte v Evropi. Deležniki na področju energije so pozvani, naj predložijo svoje projekte, da bi se zagotovilo zadostno številko projektov, ki so tik pred izvedbo. | Financing the required upfront energy efficiency investments remains a substantial challenge. Energy efficiency investments need to increase five-fold by 2030 15 . As a matter of priority, the Commission will work with its partners towards establishing, in 2016, schemes to aggregate smaller energy efficiency projects. These schemes should provide investors with better investment opportunities in energy efficiency and make capital better accessible for national, regional or local energy efficiency platforms and programmes, especially in those Member States that need them most. They will include strengthening technical and project development assistance in the context of the European Investment Advisory Hub (EIAH) set up by the Commission and the European Investment Bank to help public promoters to structure their projects and to promote financing schemes with standard terms and conditions, notably in the area of buildings. The Commission will launch the European Investment Project Portal (EIPP) in early 2016. Its purpose is to attract investors to good investment projects in Europe. Energy stakeholders are encouraged to send their projects to building a critical mass of pre-launch projects. |
| Za ogrevanje in hlajenje se v EU porabi največ energije. Za začetek leta 2016 se načrtuje namenska strategija za ogrevanje in hlajenje, katere cilj je pametno preoblikovanje tega sektorja. V strategiji bodo med drugim opredeljeni rešitve in ukrepi za zmanjšanje povpraševanja po ogrevanju in hlajenju v stanovanjskem, terciarnem in industrijskem sektorju, ob spremljanju vsaj kakovosti storitev in udobja, ter ukrepi za zmanjšanje odvisnosti od fosilnih goriv. | Heating and cooling represents the biggest energy use in the EU. A dedicated strategy for heating and cooling is planned for early 2016, aiming for a smart transformation of this sector. The strategy should, inter alia, identify solutions and measures to reduce demand for heating and cooling in the residential, tertiary and industrial sectors, while at least monitoring the quality of the services and comfort, and reduce dependence on fossil fuels. |
| Sklepi politik na ravni držav članic, regionalni ravni in ravni EU: | Policy conclusions at Member State, regional and EU levels: |
| Večina držav članic bi morala sprejeti dodatne ukrepe za povečanje ambicij in pospešitev prizadevanj, da bi dosegle nacionalne cilje na področju energijske učinkovitosti do leta 2020. | Most Member States should take the additional measures to accelerate their ambition levels and efforts in order to achieve their national energy efficiency targets for 2020. |
| Več držav članic (Avstrija, Bolgarija, Hrvaška, Ciper, Francija, Grčija, Madžarska, Italija, Malta, Španija in Švedska) je priglasilo ambicioznejše nacionalne cilje do leta 2020, izražene s porabo primarne ali končne energije, kar je spodbudno. Hkrati je pet držav članic znižalo svojo raven ambicij za enega od obeh ciljev. Na splošno ravni okvirnih nacionalnih ciljev za leto 2020, ki so si jih zadale na primer Hrvaška, Finska, Grčija in Romunija, pa tudi Ciper, Italija in Portugalska, kadar so izraženi s porabo končne energije, niso dovolj ambiciozne glede na pričakovano gospodarsko rast. | Several Member States (Austria, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, France, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Malta, Spain and Sweden) have notified more ambitious national 2020 targets expressed in either primary or final energy consumption, which is encouraging. At same time five Member States lowered their ambition level for one of the two targets. In general, the levels of the indicative national targets for 2020 set by e.g. Croatia, Finland, Greece, and Romania – as well as Cyprus, Italy and Portugal when expressed in final energy consumption – are not ambitious enough with regard to expected economic growth. |
| Belgija, Estonija, Francija, Nemčija, Nizozemska, Poljska in Švedska bodo morale v obdobju 2014–2020 še bolj zmanjšati porabo primarne energije, kot so jo v obdobju 2005–2013, če želijo doseči okvirne cilje glede porabe primarne energije do leta 2020. Avstrija, Belgija, Estonija, Francija, Nemčija, Litva, Malta in Slovaška so si zadale cilje glede porabe končne energije za leto 2020, v skladu s katerimi se zahtevajo stopnje zmanjšanja porabe končne energije za obdobje 2014–2020, ki so višje od stopnje zmanjšanja v obdobju 2005–2013. | Belgium, Estonia, France, Germany, the Netherlands, Poland and Sweden will all need to reduce their primary energy consumption at a higher rate in 2014-2020 than in the period 2005-2013 to meet their indicative primary energy consumption targets by 2020. Austria, Belgium, Estonia, France, Germany, Lithuania, Malta and Slovakia have set themselves final energy consumption targets in 2020 which requires rates of final energy consumption reduction from 2014-2020 which are higher than the reduction rate in 2005-2013. |
| Na področju energijske intenzivnosti je velika razlika med državo članico z največjo energijsko intenzivnostjo (Bolgarijo) in državama članicama z najnižjo energijsko intenzivnostjo (Dansko in Irsko). To je večinoma povezano s strukturnimi razlikami med državami članicami. Vendar so v obdobju 2005–2013 vse države članice, razen Grčije, Madžarske, Irske in Latvije, zmanjšale energijsko intenzivnost v industriji in gradbeništvu. | With regard to energy intensity, there is a large difference between the Member State with the highest (Bulgaria) and lowest (Denmark and Ireland) energy intensity in industry. To a large extent, this is linked to structural differences between the Member States. However, all Member States but Greece, Hungary, Ireland and Latvia decreased energy intensity in the industry and construction sector from 2005 to 2013. |
| Za sektor proizvodnje energije so analizirani kazalniki uspešnosti pokazali, da se trend v večini držav slabša. Države članice morajo bolj spodbujati zlasti delež toplote iz visoko učinkovite soproizvodnje toplotne in električne energije ter visoko učinkovitega daljinskega ogrevanja in hlajenja. | For the generation sector, the analysed performance indicators showed a worsening trend in most countries. In particular, the share of heat produced from high-efficiency combined heat and power (CHP) as well as high-efficiency district heating and cooling needs to be further promoted by Member States. |
| 4. Povsem integrirani notranji energetski trg | 4. A fully-integrated internal energy market |
| Doseženi napredek | Progress made |
| Elektrovodi in plinovodi so hrbtenica integriranega energetskega trga. Od predstavitve okvirne strategije za energetsko unijo se je zgodilo precej. Z odprtjem električnega kabelskega sistema med Italijo in Malto aprila 2015 se je končala energetska izoliranost malteškega elektroenergetskega omrežja. Dokončanje projektov električne povezave Eastlink med Finsko in Estonijo ter Nordbalt med Litvo in Švedsko je baltskim državam omogočilo, da letos sodelujejo na trgu električne energije NordPool. Še en primer dobrega sodelovanja je pobuda LitPolLink za čezmejno povezavo med Litvo in Poljsko, ki bo odprta decembra 2015. Leta 2015 je bil odprt tudi novi povezovalni daljnovod za električno energijo, ki je podvojil zmogljivosti prenosa med Francijo in Španijo. V sektorju plina je nov terminal za utekočinjeni zemeljski plin v Klaipedi (Litva) prvič zagotovil diverzifikacijo oskrbe na baltskem trgu plina, medtem ko bo nedavni sporazum o povezovalnem plinovodu med Poljsko in Litvo prekinil izoliranost baltskih držav od notranjega trga plina. Pomemben mejnik je tudi povezovalni plinovod med Madžarsko in Slovaško, znotraj EU in na njenih mejah z Ukrajino pa je bila nameščena tudi oprema za povratni tok, kar spodbuja dvostransko trgovanje. Poleg tega so se baltske države dogovorile o skupnem strateškem cilju, da svoje elektroenergetske sisteme sinhronizirajo s celinskim evropskim omrežjem. | Electricity lines and gas pipelines form the backbone of an integrated energy market. Since the presentation of the Energy Union Framework Strategy, much has happened. The inauguration of the electricity cable between Italy and Malta in April 2015 ended the energy isolation of the Maltese electricity grid. The completion of Eastlink between Finland and Estonia, and Nordbalt between Lithuania and Sweden enabled the Baltic States to participate in the NordPool electricity market this year. Another example of good cooperation is the LitPolLink interconnection initiative between Lithuania and Poland which will be inaugurated in December 2015. 2015 also saw the inauguration of a new France-Spain electricity interconnector, doubling the transmission capacity between the two countries. In gas, the new Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) terminal in Klaipeda (Lithuania) brought for the first time supply diversification into the Baltic gas market, while the recent agreement on the gas interconnector between Poland and Lithuania will put an end to the isolation of the Baltic States from the internal gas market. The interconnector between Hungary and Slovakia is also an important milestone, while important reverse flow equipment was installed within the EU as well as on its borders to Ukraine facilitating bi-directional trade. In addition, the Baltic States agreed on the common strategic goal to synchronise their power systems with the Continental European Network. |
| Komisija je leta 2015 intenzivno sodelovala z državami članicami, da bi vzpostavili skupini na visoki ravni za čezmejno plinsko in elektroenergetsko povezljivost na Iberskem polotoku ter za čezmejno plinsko povezljivost srednje in jugovzhodne Evrope (CESEC) ter preoblikovali skupino na visoki ravni za regijo Baltskega morja (BEMIP). Države članice so pospešile sodelovanje v regionalnih združenjih, ki že daje rezultate. Skupina na visoki ravni za čezmejno plinsko povezljivost srednje in jugovzhodne Evrope se je na primer dogovorila o seznamu prednostnih projektov 16 , katerih izvedba bo državam v regiji omogočila dostop do vsaj treh virov plina. | During 2015, the Commission has worked intensively with Member States to set up High-Level Groups for gas and electricity interconnectivity of the Iberian Peninsula and the Central East South Europe Gas Connectivity (CESEC), as well as a reform of the High-Level Group for Baltic Sea region (BEMIP). Member States have stepped up cooperation in regional groupings which has started to bear fruit. The Central East South Europe Gas Connectivity High Level Group, for instance, has agreed a list of priority projects 16 , the implementation of which will enable the countries in the region to have access to at least three sources of gas. |
| Forum za energetsko infrastrukturo, ki ga je ustanovila Komisija, je imel svoj ustanovitveni sestanek 9. in 10. novembra v Københavnu in bo obravnaval dobre prakse v zvezi z vprašanji, kot so regulativne ovire, razvoj infrastrukture, javna sprejemljivost in financiranje. | The Energy Infrastructure Forum established by the Commission, which held its inaugural meeting in Copenhagen on 9-10 November, will work towards best practices on issues such as regulatory barriers, infrastructure development and public acceptance as well as financing. |
| Komisija je intenzivno sodelovala z državami članicami, da bi odpravila obstoječe regulativne ovire za čezmejno trgovanje z električno energijo in plinom. V tesnem sodelovanju z državami članicami je obravnavala težave s celovitim izvajanjem tretjega energetskega svežnja v različnih državah članicah. Namen pobude Komisije o zasnovi trga 17 je utreti pot za nadaljnjo uskladitev evropskega regulativnega okvira z dejanskim stanjem vse bolj integriranih evropskih energetskih trgov. Komisija je tudi nadaljevala strogo izvajanje pravil o konkurenci iz Pogodbe. | The Commission has worked intensively with Member States to remove existing regulatory obstacles to cross-border trade of electricity and gas. In close cooperation with Member States, it has tackled problems with the full implementation of the Third Energy Package in different Member States. The intention of the Commission's market design initiative 17 is to pave the way for a further alignment of the European regulatory framework to the reality of increasingly integrated European energy markets. The Commission has also continued to strictly enforce the Treaty's competition rules. |
| Povsem integrirani notranji energetski trg bi moral najprej in predvsem prinesti konkretne koristi za odjemalce. To načelo je v celoti izraženo v sporočilu Zagotovitev novega dogovora za odjemalce iz julija 2015 18 . V sporočilu se priznava, da odjemalci še vedno ne morejo polno sodelovati v prehodu na nov energetski sistem. Z vidika odjemalca trgi električne energije in trgi plina še vedno ne delujejo tako, kot bi bilo treba, kar je razvidno iz dokumenta o trendih odjemalcev energije, predstavljenega skupaj s tem poročilom o stanju energetske unije 19 . | A fully-integrated internal energy market should first and foremost bring tangible benefits to consumers. This principle is fully reflected in the Communication Delivering a new deal for consumers of July 2015. 18 The Communication acknowledges that consumers are still prevented from playing their full role in the transition of the energy system. From a consumer’s perspective, the electricity and gas markets are still not performing as they should, as is illustrated by the document on energy consumer trends presented together with this State of the Energy Union. 19 |
| Pot naprej | Way forward |
| V letu 2016 morajo vsi akterji pospešiti delo na infrastrukturnih projektih. Zlasti projekti skupnega interesa potrebujejo nujno politično spodbudo. Čeprav bo 13 projektov s prvega seznama projektov skupnega interesa končanih do konca leta 2015 in čeprav je nekaj več kot 100 projektov skupnega interesa v fazi odobritve, več kot četrtina 20 projektov zamuja predvsem zaradi izdaje dovoljenj in/ali finančnih vprašanj. Postopki preprosto trajajo predolgo, da bi bili učinkoviti. Če jih želijo države članice uspešno obravnavati, morajo v celoti izvesti določbe uredbe o smernicah za vseevropsko energetsko infrastrukturo (TEN-E), zlasti tiste v zvezi z izdajanjem dovoljenj. | In 2016, all actors need to step up their work on infrastructure projects. In particular, Projects of Common Interest (PCIs) need an urgent political push. Even though 13 projects from the first list of Projects of Common Interest will be completed by the end of 2015, and slightly more than 100 Projects of Common Interest are in the permitting phase, more than a quarter 20 face delays mainly due to permit granting and/or financing issues. The procedures simply take too long to be effective. Addressing them successfully requires Member States to fully implement the provisions of the Regulation on guidelines for trans-European energy infrastructure (TEN-E), in particular those related to permit granting. |
| Drugi seznam projektov skupnega interesa 21 , sprejet skupaj s tem sporočilom, določa tiste projekte, ki so nujno potrebni za doseganje naših ciljev energetske politike. V spremnem delovnem dokumentu služb Komisije 22 so opredeljene izboljšave, ki so potrebne za zagotovitev infrastrukturne hrbtenice za integrirani evropski energetski trg. Prve koristi za infrastrukturne naložbe iz instrumentov, razvitih v okviru Evropskega sklada za strateške naložbe, naj bi se pokazale leta 2016. Komisija namerava posebej za področje električne energije pripraviti sporočilo o ukrepih, potrebnih za dosego cilja predlagane 15-odstotne čezmejne elektroenergetske povezljivosti do leta 2030. Poleg tega bo preučila, kako financirati obe strani projektov na mejah EU in Energetske skupnosti. | The second list of Projects of Common Interest, 21 adopted alongside this Communication, sets out those projects that are urgently needed to achieve our energy policy goals. The accompanying Staff Working Document 22 sets out the improvements needed to deliver the infrastructure backbone for an integrated European energy market. The first benefits for infrastructure investments of the instruments developed under the European Fund for Strategic Investments are expected to materialise in 2016. Specifically on electricity, the Commission foresees a Communication on the necessary measures to reach the 15% electricity interconnection target for 2030. In addition, the Commission will consider how to fund both sides of projects on the borders of the EU and the Energy Community. |
| Države članice in deležniki so izrazili veliko zanimanje za sodelovanje v severnomorski regiji. Skoraj polovica investicijskih odhodkov za vse projekte skupnega interesa na področju električne energije bo v severnomorski regiji. Zato namerava Komisija ustanoviti skupino na visoki ravni za regionalno sodelovanje na Severnem morju , da bi obravnavala regulativna in finančna vprašanja ter vprašanja prostorskega načrtovanja, ki ovirajo izvajanje teh projektov. | Member States and stakeholders have shown a great interest in cooperating in the Northern Seas region. Almost half of capital expenditure for all electricity Projects of Common Interest will be invested in the Northern Seas region. The Commission therefore intends to create a High-Level-Group for regional cooperation in the North Sea in order to tackle the regulatory, financial and spatial planning issues which impede the implementation of these projects. |
| Potrebne bodo tudi nadaljnje naložbe v nacionalno omrežno infrastrukturo, da bi se izognili regionalnim omejitvam. Posebna skrb so izkrivljanja, ki jih povzroča nezadostna nacionalna infrastruktura v primeru velikih enotnih trgovalnih območij. Postopek pregleda trgovalnih območij, ki ga izvede Evropska mreža operaterjev prenosnih sistemov za električno energijo (ENTSO-E), bi moral opredeliti kritične omejitve omrežja in, kjer je primerno, ločiti trgovalna območja za območja z omejitvami. Taka trgovalna območja bi pomagala tudi poudariti potrebo po večjih naložbah v omrežje. | Continuing investment in national network infrastructure will also be required to avoid regional constraints. Of particular concern are the distortions which insufficient national infrastructure causes where there are large single bidding zones. The bidding zone review process, carried out by the European Network of Transmission System Operators for Electricity (ENTSO-E), should identify critical network constraints and, where appropriate, separate bidding zones for constrained areas. Such bidding zones could also help highlight the need for greater network investment. |
| Poleg tega je treba zagotoviti, da se obstoječa plinska in elektroenergetska infrastruktura v celoti uporablja v korist integracije trga. Cilj nenehnega strogega izvajanja pravil konkurence bo zlasti zagotoviti, da trgi niso razdeljeni z umetnim omejevanjem uporabe obstoječe zmogljivosti. | In addition, it is important to ensure that existing gas and electricity infrastructure is fully used for the benefit of market integration. The continued strict enforcement of competition rules will in particular aim at ensuring that markets are not partitioned by artificially restricting the use of existing capacity. |
| Zakonodajni predlogi za izvedbo nove zasnove trga so načrtovani za leto 2016. Ključni cilji zakonodaje so bolje povezani veleprodajni in maloprodajni trgi, okrepljeno regionalno sodelovanje in čezmejno trgovanje ter razvoj kratko- in dolgoročnih trgov, da se proizvajalcem in odjemalcem električne energije pošljejo pravilni naložbeni signali za sodobne tehnologije. Vpliv revidiranega sistema EU za trgovanje z emisijami bi moral zagotoviti tudi boljše dolgoročne naložbene signale za nizkoogljične naložbe. Komisija zagotavlja, da so podporne politike, kadar države članice podpirajo povečane naložbe v svoje energetske trge prek državne pomoči, oblikovane skladno z zahtevami iz smernic o državni pomoči za področje okolja in energetike 23 , da bi se izognili morebitnim izkrivljanjem trga. Poleg tega se v trenutni preiskavi sektorja glede državne pomoči v zvezi z mehanizmi zmogljivosti na področju električne energije 24 preučuje, koliko lahko obstoječi in načrtovani mehanizmi zmogljivosti ovirajo učinkovitost notranjega trga. | Legislative proposals to implement the new market design are planned for 2016. The key objectives of the legislation are to have better linked wholesale and retail markets; strengthened regional cooperation and increased cross-border trade; and developing short-term and long-term markets to send the right investment signals for modern technologies to both producers and consumers of electricity. The impact of a revised EU Emissions Trading System should also provide better long-term investment signals for low carbon investments. The Commission is ensuring that where Member States support increased investment in their energy markets through State aid, support policies are designed in line with the requirements in the State Aid Guidelines for environment and energy 23 to avoid potential distortions of the market. In addition, the ongoing State aid Sector Inquiry on Electricity Capacity Mechanisms 24 is examining the extent to which existing and planned capacity mechanisms may hinder the efficiency of the internal market. |
| Komisija bo pri pripravi zakonodajnih predlogov posebej poudarjala spodbujanje sodelovanja pri prilagajanju odjema, kar je sredstvo za povečanje učinkovitosti in prožnosti energetskih omrežij. Pomanjkanje informacij o stroških in porabi, težave pri zamenjavi dobaviteljev in pomanjkanje nagrade za dejavno sodelovanje bi morali postati stvar preteklosti. | When preparing these legislative proposals, the Commission will put special emphasis on stimulating demand response participation as a means to increasing efficiency and flexibility in energy networks. Lack of information on cost and consumption, difficulties in switching suppliers and lack of reward for active participation should become a thing of the past. |
| Odjemalci – gospodinjstva in industrija – želijo večjo preglednost cen in stroškov energije. Zato Komisija pripravlja novo poročilo o cenah in stroških energije, ki bo objavljeno leta 2016, da bi zagotovila pregled nad stroški energije, davki, dajatvami, pa tudi subvencijami. To bi moralo prispevati k bolj obveščeni razpravi o različnih ravneh cen v državah članicah, različnih postavkah cen energije, njihovem vplivu na konkurenčnost evropske industrije in naložbe v Evropi ter njihovi zmožnosti, da vplivajo na vedenje odjemalcev. Komisija je danes v prvem koraku predstavila predlog za izboljšanje evropskih statističnih podatkov o cenah plina in električne energije 25 . | Consumers – both households and industry – want more transparency of energy prices and costs. Therefore, the Commission is preparing, for publication in 2016, a new energy prices and costs report to provide an overview of the cost of energy, taxes, levies, but also subsidies. This should contribute to a more informed discussion on different price levels in Member States, the different components of energy prices, their influence on the competitiveness of European industry and investment in Europe and their ability to influence consumer behaviour. As a first step, the Commission presented today a proposal to improve European statistics on gas and electricity prices. 25 |
| Komisija pri pregledu ključne zakonodaje v letu 2016 posebno pozornost namenja zaščiti ranljivih odjemalcev, kot je opredeljena v pregledu direktive o energijski učinkovitosti ali predlogu o novi zasnovi trga, pri čemer bi lahko bolje opredelili obveznosti držav članic in akterjev na trgu glede ranljivih odjemalcev. Komisija namerava zagotoviti, da bodo programi financiranja za energijsko učinkovitost dostopni revnim in ranljivim odjemalcem energije, ter si bo prizadevala izboljšati zbiranje podatkov o energijski revščini. | When reviewing key legislation in 2016, the Commission is paying particular attention to the protection of vulnerable consumers, such as in the review of the Energy Efficiency Directive or in the new market design proposal, where obligations of Member States and market operators with regard to vulnerable consumers could be better articulated. The Commission intends to ensure that financing programmes for energy efficiency are accessible to poor and vulnerable energy customers and it will seek to improve data collection on energy poverty. |
| Sklepi politik na ravni držav članic, regionalni ravni in ravni EU: | Policy conclusions at Member State, regional and EU levels: |
| Številne države članice so dobro napredovale pri odpiranju svojih veleprodajnih trgov konkurenci, kar je prineslo pomembne koristi. Vendar so med državami članicami velike razlike in številne države članice še niso v celoti izvedle potrebnih pravil, ki omogočajo konkurenčne in likvidne trge. | Many Member States have made good progress in opening up their wholesale markets to competition, and this has had significant benefits. However, there are large differences between Member States, and many Member States have not yet fully implemented the necessary rules that allow for competitive and liquid markets. |
| Na področju elektroenergetske infrastrukture je 22 držav članic na poti, da do leta 2020 dosežejo cilj 10-odstotne čezmejne elektroenergetske povezanosti, ali pa so ta cilj že dosegle. Osem držav članic, to so Ciper, Irska, Italija, Poljska, Portugalska, Romunija, Španija in Združeno kraljestvo, trenutno ne dosega cilja čezmejne povezanosti do leta 2020. | With regard to electricity infrastructure, 22 Member States are on track to reach or have already reached the 10% electricity interconnection capacity target for 2020. The eight Member States currently remaining below the 2020 interconnection target are Cyprus, Ireland, Italy, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Spain and the United Kingdom. |
| Potrebna je še večja čezmejna povezljivost zaradi nadaljnje poglobitve notranjega trga električne energije (npr. v jugozahodni Evropi), tudi med državami članicami severne in vzhodne Evrope (npr. Nemčijo, Poljsko in Češko), ali nadaljnjega povezovanja držav članic (Irske in Združenega kraljestva) s preostalim delom severozahodne Evrope. | Interconnections are still needed to further deepen the internal electricity market (e.g. in South Western Europe) as well as between several Member States in Northern and Eastern Europe (e.g. Germany, Poland and the Czech Republic), or further connecting Member States (Ireland and the United Kingdom) with the rest of North Western Europe. |
| Regulacija maloprodajnih cen mora biti časovno omejena in namenjena le izrednim primerom, kot izhaja iz nedavne sodbe Evropskega sodišča 26 . Medtem ko se je zadnje čase še nekaj več držav članic uspešno odmaknilo od regulacije cen za končne odjemalce (Irska in Latvija), v približno polovici držav članic cene za gospodinjstva ostajajo različno regulirane, kar je lahko ovira za udeležbo na strani povpraševanja in konkurenco na maloprodajni ravni. | Retail price regulation must be limited in time and confined to exceptional cases following a recent ruling of the European Court of Justice 26 . While several more Member States have recently successfully moved away from end-user price regulation (Ireland, Latvia), prices for households remain regulated to different degrees in about half of the Member States which may constitute an obstacle to demand-side participation and retail competition. |
| Vse države članice morajo bolje obveščati odjemalce o možnostih energijske učinkovitosti in dodatno izboljšati naložbene pogoje za zasebne odjemalce. Poleg tega so potrebni bolj osredotočeni ukrepi za ranljive odjemalce, da bi učinkovito obravnavali revščino zaradi visokih stroškov energije in goriva. | All Member States need to better inform consumers about energy efficiency options and to further improve the investment conditions for private consumers. In addition, more focused measures are needed for vulnerable consumers to address energy and fuel poverty effectively. |
| Krepitev moči potrošnikov prek postopnega uvajanja pametnega merjenja se učinkovito izvaja le v nekaterih državah članicah (predvsem na Finskem, v Italiji in na Švedskem), nekoliko manj učinkovito pa v več drugih (vključno z Dansko, Estonijo in Nizozemsko). V več državah članicah upravna bremena ovirajo odjemalce, ki želijo zamenjati dobavitelja in doseči boljše pogodbene pogoje. | Consumer empowerment via the roll-out of smart metering has been effectively implemented only in some Member States (most notably Finland, Italy and Sweden), as well as to a lesser extent in several more (including Denmark, Estonia and the Netherlands). In several Member States, administrative burdens act as barriers for consumers aiming to switch to new suppliers and better contractual conditions. |
| Na regionalni ravni je sredi leta 2015 večina veleprodajnih trgov električne energije v EU povezanih z enim ali več sosednjih trgov, pri čemer se kaže zbliževanje cen. Na področju plina je stanje drugačno. Kljub določenemu zbliževanju cen na večjih evropskih plinskih vozliščih ostajajo po vsej EU precejšnje cenovne razlike in neustrezna integracija trgov, kar je deloma posledica učinkov dolgoročnih pogodb in manjkajočih čezmejnih povezav. Maloprodajni trgi električne energije in plina so še vedno nacionalni (ali podnacionalni). Potrebna so nadaljnja prizadevanja vseh držav članic, da se pospeši regionalna integracija trgov. | At the regional level, by mid-2015 most of the EU wholesale electricity markets are coupled to one or several of their neighbours, with signs of price convergence. The situation is more contrasted with regard to gas. Despite some price convergence on major European gas hubs, marked price differences and inadequate market integration remain across the EU, due in part to the effects of long-term contracts and missing interconnections. Retail markets for both electricity and gas are still national (or sub-national). We need further efforts by all Member States to advance regional market integration. |
| 5. Energetska varnost, solidarnost in zaupanje | 5. Energy security, solidarity and trust |
| Doseženi napredek | Progress made |
| EU in njene države članice so se odločile podpreti bolj usklajeno ukrepanje na področju zunanje in energetske politike EU, ki upošteva geopolitični razvoj dogodkov. Svet je julija 2015 sprejel sklepe o energetski diplomaciji skupaj z akcijskim načrtom 27 . Ti opozarjajo na potrebo po okrepitvi dvo- in večstranskih dialogov, okrepljeni uporabi instrumentov zunanje politike zaradi večje diverzifikacije ter spodbujanju na pravilih temelječih, preglednih in trajnostnih energetskih trgov. | The EU and its Member States have decided to support a more coherent EU foreign and energy policy action that takes geopolitical developments into account. In July 2015, the Council adopted conclusions on energy diplomacy along with an action plan 27 . These point to the need for strengthened bi- and multilateral dialogues, enhanced use of foreign policy instruments to strengthen diversification, as well as the promotion of rule-based, transparent and sustainable energy markets. |
| Prehod v konkurenčno, nizkoogljično gospodarstvo bo zmanjšal porabo uvoženih fosilnih goriv, saj se bo zmanjševalo povpraševanje po energiji ter izkoriščali obnovljivi in drugi domači viri energije. Naložbe v odporno infrastrukturo morajo upoštevati to spreminjajoče se okolje, da bi se izognili nasedlim naložbam. | The transition to a competitive, low carbon economy will reduce the use of imported fossil fuels by moderating energy demand and exploiting renewable and other indigenous sources of energy. Investment in resilient infrastructure has to take account of this changing environment, in order to avoid having stranded assets. |
| Za leto 2015 so bile značilne nenehne napetosti med Rusijo in Ukrajino, vztrajno nizke cene nafte, ki so vplivale na energetske trge po vsem svetu, nove pobude za dodatno infrastrukturo za oskrbo z zemeljskim plinom iz Rusije, odpiranje novih perspektiv zaradi jedrskega sporazuma z Iranom in nenehen upad domače proizvodnje fosilnih goriv. | 2015 has been characterised by the ongoing tensions between Russia and Ukraine; persistently low oil prices impacting energy markets all over the world; new initiatives for additional supply infrastructure for natural gas from Russia; new perspectives opened up by the nuclear agreement with Iran, as well as a continued decline of the domestic production of fossil fuels. |
| Ukrajina se je pozimi 2014/2015 kljub težki politični situaciji izkazala za zanesljivo partnerico pri tranzitu ruskega plina. Po mnenju EU je v interesu vseh strani, da Ukrajina ostane pomembna tranzitna država. EU dejavno podpira prizadevanja ukrajinske vlade in Naftogaza za zagotovitev, da tako tudi ostane, zlasti prek temeljitih strukturnih reform plinskega sektorja, ki jih trenutno izvaja Ukrajina. Bistveno je, da se ta proces reforme nadaljuje. Komisija je v letu 2015 dejavno pospeševala pogajanja med Ukrajino in Rusijo, da bi se zagotovila oskrba Ukrajine s plinom čez zimo. Zaradi tega je bil 25. septembra 2015 parafiran zavezujoči protokol, ki se izvaja od 9. oktobra 2015. Tudi zmogljivost povratnih tokov iz EU, zlasti Slovaške, v Ukrajino se je v letu 2015 znatno povečala, kar je Ukrajini omogočilo uvoz plina prek EU in s tem zmanjšanje neposredne odvisnosti od Rusije. | Despite the difficult political situation, Ukraine has proven during the winter 2014/15 to be a reliable transit partner for Russian gas. The EU believes that it is in the interest of all parties that Ukraine remains an important transit country. The EU actively supports the efforts of the Ukrainian Government and Naftogaz to ensure that this remains the case, in particular through the deep structural reforms of the gas sector that Ukraine is currently undertaking. It is essential that this reform process continues. Throughout 2015, the Commission has actively facilitated the negotiations between Ukraine and Russia to secure gas supply to Ukraine through the winter. This resulted in the initialling of a binding protocol on 25 September 2015 and its implementation as of 9 October 2015. The capacity of reverse flows from the EU, in particular from Slovakia, to Ukraine has also significantly increased over 2015, enabling Ukraine to import gas via the EU and thus reduce its direct dependence on Russia. |
| Komisija je seznanjena z načrti gospodarskih družb, da zgradijo nadaljnje plinovode, ki bi Rusijo in Nemčijo povezali prek Baltskega morja. Če bodo zgrajeni, Severni tok 3 in 4 ne bi omogočila dostopa do novega vira oskrbe in bi nadalje povečala zmogljivost prenosa iz Rusije v EU, čeprav se ta že zdaj izkorišča le v 50 %. Ti plinovodi bodo morali v celoti izpolnjevati zahteve prava EU. Komisija bo vsak tak projekt neodvisno ocenila ob upoštevanju evropskega regulativnega okvira. | The Commission takes note of the plans of commercial companies to build further pipelines connecting Russia and Germany through the Baltic Sea. If built, Nord Stream 3 and 4 would not give access to a new source of supply and would further increase transmission capacity from Russia to the EU, while even now this is only used at 50% rate. These pipelines will have to comply fully with EU law. The Commission will assess any such project against the European regulatory framework on its own merits. |
| EU bo podprla le infrastrukturne projekte, ki so skladni s ključnimi načeli energetske unije, vključno s strategijo za energetsko varnost 28 . Diverzifikacija virov energije, dobaviteljev energije in poti oskrbe z energijo je ključnega pomena za zagotovitev varne in zanesljive oskrbe za evropske državljane in podjetja. Energetska varnost Unije je tudi tesno povezana z energetsko varnostjo v njeni soseščini 29 . V tem pogledu ima Energetska skupnost osrednjo vlogo tako pri spodbujanju prednostnih čezmejnih povezav kot tudi pri zagotavljanju, da regija izvaja dejavnosti v skladu s pravili, ki so združljiva s pravili EU. Glede tega so se države Zahodnega Balkana na srečanju na vrhu na Dunaju odločile vzpostaviti regionalni trg električne energije. V skupini na visoki ravni za čezmejno plinsko povezljivost srednje in jugovzhodne Evrope se je šest držav Energetske skupnosti pridružilo Memorandumu o soglasju in se skupaj z devetimi državami članicami EU dogovorilo o akcijskem načrtu – kar je prvovrsten primer dejstva, da se energetska unija širi in prinaša koristi zunaj meja EU. Leta 2015 si je Komisija prizadevala podpreti reformni proces v Energetski skupnosti. Evropska Komisija je na konferenci, ki je potekala 20. in 21. maja 2015 v Haagu, sopodpisala mednarodno energetsko listino. | The EU will only support infrastructure projects that are in line with the core principles of the Energy Union, including the EU Energy Security Strategy 28 . Diversification of energy sources, suppliers and routes is crucial for ensuring secure and resilient supplies to European citizens and companies. The Union's energy security is also closely linked to its Neighbourhood's energy security. 29 The Energy Community plays a central role in this respect, both in promoting priority interconnection projects but also in ensuring that the region operates under rules compatible with those of the EU. In this respect, at the Vienna Western Balkan Summit, the countries of the region decided to establish a regional electricity market. In the Central and South Eastern Europe Gas Connectivity High Level Group, six Energy Community countries have joined the Memorandum of Understanding and agreed to the Action Plan together with nine EU countries – a prime example of the fact that Energy Union extends and brings benefits beyond EU borders. Over 2015, the Commission has engaged in supporting the reform process in the Energy Community. The International Energy Charter was co-signed by the European Commission at the Conference on 20-21 May 2015 in The Hague. |
| Nedavna odkritja plina v Sredozemskem morju povečujejo potencial sredozemske regije, da prispeva k energetski varnosti v Evropi. Zato je bilo pospešeno sodelovanje z ustanovitvijo treh Euro-Med platform za plin, regionalnim trgom električne energije ter spodbujanjem energije iz obnovljivih virov in energijske učinkovitosti. Leta 2015 so se ponovno začeli pogovori o transkaspijskem plinovodu in nadaljevalo delo na južnem plinskem koridorju. | The recent discoveries of gas in the East Mediterranean increase the potential of the Mediterranean region to contribute to Europe’s energy security. Therefore, cooperation has been stepped up through the establishment of three Euro-Med platforms on gas, the regional electricity market, and the promotion of renewable energy and energy efficiency. Talks on the Trans-Caspian pipeline have been relaunched and work on the Southern Gas Corridor continued in 2015. |
| V zadnjih mesecih je bila pozornost poudarjeno usmerjena v električno energijo. V nekaterih državah članicah se je v zadnjem desetletju zmanjšala presežna ponudba električne energije in zdaj se pojavlja nevarnost delnih zatemnitev. Da bi ocenili, kje v sistemu električne energije so resnične težave in kako jih je mogoče najbolje obravnavati, je bilo sprejetih več pobud za zagotovitev, da se izvede analiza ustreznosti proizvodnje električne energije na regionalni podlagi in ob uporabi skupne metodologije 30 . | Attention over the last months has turned strongly to electricity. In some Member States the oversupply of electricity has been reduced during the last decade and the threat of brownouts is now being raised. In order to evaluate where the real problems in the electricity system are and how these can be best tackled, several initiatives were taken to ensure that electricity generation adequacy analysis is carried out on a regional basis and based on a common methodology. 30 |
| Pot naprej | Way forward |
| Geopolitični izzivi leta 2016 ne bodo izginili. EU bo morala učinkovito slediti novi energetski diplomaciji in enotno nastopati v odnosu do tretjih držav. Prav tako bo morala razviti tudi ustrezne akcijske načrte za energetsko diplomacijo, da bi se diverzifikacija okrepila tudi prek instrumentov zunanje politike. | Geopolitical challenges will not go away in 2016. The EU will need to pursue its new energy diplomacy effectively and speak with one voice vis-à-vis third countries. It will also need to develop the relevant energy diplomacy action plans so as to strengthen diversification also through foreign policy instruments. |
| Namen revizije uredbe o zanesljivosti oskrbe s plinom, predvidena za leto 2016, je izboljšati odpornost EU na motnje v oskrbi. Posebej pomembno bo okrepiti regionalno sodelovanje med državami članicami, da se prepreči in ublaži pretrese pri oskrbi ter zagotovi solidarnost v nujnem primeru. Komisija hkrati namerava pripraviti strategijo za utekočinjen zemeljski plin in skladiščenje plina zaradi zagotovitve, da lahko Evropska unija povsem izkoristi diverzifikacijski potencial, ki ga ponuja utekočinjen zemeljski plin. Vzporedno še naprej poudarja, kako pomembna je energija na splošno in zlasti utekočinjen zemeljski plin pri tekočih pogajanjih o Čezatlantskem partnerstvu na področju trgovine in naložb (TTIP). | The Revision of the Regulation on Security of Gas Supply foreseen for 2016 intends to improve the EU's resilience to supply disruptions. It will be particularly important to strengthen regional cooperation between Member States, both to prevent and to mitigate supply shocks, as well as to ensure solidarity in the event of an emergency. The Commission intends to come forward at the same time with a strategy for Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) and gas storage, to ensure that the European Union can take full benefit of the diversification potential offered by Liquefied Natural Gas. In parallel, the Commission continues to stress the importance of energy in general and Liquefied Natural Gas in particular in the ongoing negotiations on the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP). |
| Zaradi povečanja preglednosti in zagotovitve, da so medvladni sporazumi na področju energetike skladni z veljavno zakonodajo in politikami EU, Komisija pripravlja predlog za revizijo veljavnega sklepa o medvladnih sporazumih. | To increase transparency and to ensure that intergovernmental agreements (IGAs) in the energy field comply with applicable EU legislation and policies, the Commission is preparing a proposal to revise the current Decision on intergovernmental agreements. |
| Komisija namerava do konca leta 2016 predlagati nov pravni instrument o zanesljivosti oskrbe z električno energijo, oblikovan zaradi povečanja preglednosti, zagotovitve skupnega pristopa in boljšega obravnavanja čezmejnih rešitev za zanesljivost oskrbe z električno energijo. Ta instrument naj bi bili povem usklajen z novo zasnovo trga električne energije. | By the end of 2016, the Commission intends to come forward with a new legal instrument on security of electricity supply designed to enhance transparency, ensure a common approach and better address cross-border solutions to security of electricity supply. This instrument is supposed to be fully integrated with the redesign of the electricity market. |
| Kar zadeva jedrsko področje, bo leta 2016 objavljen nov usmeritveni jedrski program, ki bo zagotovil pregled naložb, ki jih države članice predvidevajo do leta 2050 za vse faze jedrskega cikla. Ker je polovica držav članice EU izrazila namero, da se bo pri proizvodnji električne energije še naprej opirala na ta vir energije, bi morala navedena pobuda vnesti več jasnosti glede dolgoročnih potreb po naložbah v jedrsko energijo in obvladovanju jedrskih obveznosti. | In the nuclear field, the publication in 2016 of a new Nuclear Illustrative Programme (PINC) will provide an overview of investments envisaged by Member States until 2050 for all stages of the nuclear cycle. With half of the EU Member States having indicated their intention to continue relying on this energy source to generate part of their electricity, this initiative should bring more clarity on long-term nuclear investment needs and on the management of nuclear liabilities. |
| Sklepi politik na ravni držav članic, regionalni ravni in ravni EU: | Policy conclusions at Member State, regional and EU levels: |
| EU napreduje na področju diverzifikacije virov, poti in dobaviteljev energije. Vendar je bilo približno 40 % plina, ki je bil leta 2013 uvožen v EU, iz Rusije in vrsta držav članic je še vedno popolnoma ali pretežno odvisnih od dobav iz Rusije, zlasti Bolgarija, Češka, Estonija, Finska, Madžarska, Latvija, Litva in Slovaška. | The EU is making progress to diversify sources, routes and suppliers of energy. However, about 40% of the EU gas imports in 2013 came from Russia and a series of Member States are still totally or predominantly dependent on supply from Russia, notably Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Estonia, Finland Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania and Slovakia. |
| Tri države članice (Bolgarija, Litva in Portugalska) morajo še doseči infrastrukturni standard iz uredbe o zanesljivosti oskrbe s plinom. | Three Member States (Bulgaria, Lithuania and Portugal) have yet to meet the infrastructure standard of the Security of Gas Supply Regulation. |
| Obstaja potreba po nadaljnjem povezovanju zlasti baltskih držav in Finske s srednjeevropskim trgom plina, da bi izboljšali povezave med državami članicami (npr. med Madžarsko, Romunijo, Bolgarijo in Grčijo ter med Portugalsko in Španijo s Francijo) ter zagotovili, da imajo vse države članice dostop do vozlišč tekočega plina in koristi od zmogljivosti za utekočinjeni zemeljski plin (UZP), ki so jo države razvijale ali imajo potencial za njen razvoj. | There is a need to further connect in particular the Baltic States and Finland to the Central European gas market, to improve connections between Member States (e.g. Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria and Greece, Portugal and Spain with France) and to ensure that all Member States have access to liquid hubs and can benefit from the Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) capacity that countries have been developing or have the potential to develop. |
| Na regionalni ravni stresni testi, opravljeni leta 2014, jasno kažejo koristi regionalnega sodelovanja za preprečitev ali ublažitev plinske krize. Komisija že dejavno spodbuja tako sodelovanje, na primer prek skupine na visoki ravni za čezmejno plinsko povezljivost srednje in jugovzhodne Evrope (CESEC). To delo bi se moralo nadaljevati. | At the regional level, the stress tests carried out in 2014 clearly show the benefits of regional cooperation to prevent or mitigate a gas crisis. The Commission already actively promotes such cooperation, e.g. through the Central and South Eastern Europe Gas Connectivity High Level Group (CESEC). This work should continue. |
| Države članice morajo okrepiti tudi (regionalno) sodelovanje glede zanesljivosti oskrbe z električno energijo in zadostnosti proizvodnje. | Member States must also reinforce (regional) cooperation with regard to security of electricity supply and generation adequacy. |
| 6. Energetska unija za raziskave, inovacije in konkurenčnost | 6. An Energy Union for research, innovation and competitiveness |
| Doseženi napredek | Progress made |
| Raziskave, inovacije in konkurenčnost so bistvene za pospešitev energetskega prehoda EU in izkoriščanje njegovih koristi v smislu delovnih mest in rasti, ki jih lahko prinese energetska unija. Komisija je septembra 2015 predstavila sporočilo z naslovom „Na poti k integriranemu strateškemu načrtu za energetsko tehnologijo (načrt SET)“ 31 . S tem je dan nov zagon za razvoj in uvedbo nizkoogljičnih tehnologij, saj se prizadevanja na področju raziskav in inovacij po vsej Evropi usklajujejo in prednostno razvrščajo. | Research, innovation (R&I) and competitiveness are paramount to accelerate the EU energy transition and to reap its benefits in terms of jobs and growth that the Energy union can bring. In September 2015, the Commission presented the Communication "Towards an Integrated Strategic Energy Technology (SET) Plan". 31 This gives a new impetus to the development and deployment of low-carbon technologies, by better coordinating and prioritising research & innovation efforts across Europe. |
| Financiranje je ključno za uvedbo inovacij na trg. Zato Komisija in Evropska investicijska banka razvijata prizadevanja v okviru Naložbenega načrta za Evropo in Evropskega sklada za strateške naložbe (EFSI). V tem smislu predstavitveni projekti na področju energije InnovFin zagotavljajo financiranje tveganja v obliki posojil, lastniškega kapitala in jamstev, kar presega tradicionalno podporo v obliki nepovratnih sredstev. To bi moralo spodbuditi konkurenčnost podjetij, ki se ukvarjajo z inovativno energetsko tehnologijo. | Financing is key to bring innovation to the market. Therefore, the Commission and the European Investment Bank are developing their efforts under the Investment Plan for Europe and the European Fund for Strategic Investment (EFSI). In that sense, the InnovFin Energy Demonstration Projects provide risk financing in the form of loans, equity and guarantees, going beyond traditional grant-based support. This should boost the competitiveness of innovative energy technology companies. |
| Tudi sistem EU za trgovanje z emisijami zagotavlja priložnosti za financiranje naložb in inovacij. V letu 2014 so države članice za namene, povezane s podnebnimi spremembami in energijo, v povprečju porabile ali načrtovale porabiti približno 87 % skupnih prihodkov z dražb pravic v okviru sistema EU za trgovanje z emisijami, kar znaša 3,2 milijarde EUR. V okviru programa NER 300 so sredstva v višini 2,1 milijarde EUR, ki naj bi prek finančnega vzvodja zagotovila dodatne 2,7 milijarde EUR zasebnih naložb, namenjena financiranju inovativnih projektov v 20 državah članicah. | The EU Emissions Trading System also provides financing opportunities for investments in innovation. On average, in 2014, Member States used or planned to use for climate and energy related purposes around 87 % of the total revenues from the auctioning of allowances under the EU Emissions Trading System, amounting to €3.2 billion. Under the NER 300 programme, a cumulative funding of € 2.1 billion, which is expected to leverage an additional € 2.7 billion of private investments, is destined to finance innovative projects in 20 Member States. |
| Komisija je v predlogih za revizijo direktive o sistemu trgovanja z emisijami, ki so bili predstavljeni julija 2015, predlagala nov sklad za inovacije in nov sklad za modernizacijo. Sklad za inovacije gradi na programu NER 300, pri čemer širi njegovo področje uporabe na nizkoogljične inovacije v industrijskih panogah. S podporo nizkoogljičnim inovacijam in predstavitvam bo prispeval tudi k uresničenju ključnih ukrepov strateškega načrta za energetsko tehnologijo. Novi sklad za modernizacijo pa je namenjen državam članicam, katerih bruto domači proizvod (BDP) na prebivalca je nižji od 60 % povprečja EU, ter bo usmerjen v posodobitev energetskega sistema in izboljšanje energijske učinkovitosti. V revidirani direktivi o sistemu trgovanja z emisijami se predlagajo tudi bolj ciljno usmerjena pravila glede selitve virov ogljikovega dioksida, da bi ohranili mednarodno konkurenčnost sektorjev, pri katerih obstaja največje tveganje, da bo njihova proizvodnja premeščena zunaj EU. | In the proposals for the revision of the Emissions Trading System Directive, presented in July 2015, the Commission proposed a new Innovation Fund and a new Modernisation Fund. The Innovation Fund builds on the NER 300 programme, while extending its scope to low carbon innovation in industrial sectors. By supporting low-carbon innovation and demonstration, the Innovation Fund will also contribute to realising the key actions of the Strategic Energy Technology Plan. The new Modernisation Fund is designed for Member States with a Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita below 60% of the EU average and will be targeted at modernising the energy system and improving energy efficiency. The revised EU Emissions Trading System Directive also proposes more targeted carbon leakage rules to safeguard the international competitiveness of the sectors most at risk of relocating their production outside the EU. |
| Poleg tega je za podporo raziskovalnim in inovacijskim ciljem energetske unije bistven okvirni program Obzorje 2020. V obdobju 2014–2015 je njegov finančni prispevek v podporo energetskim raziskavam (tudi jedrskim), čistemu prevozu, podnebnim ukrepom in učinkoviti rabi virov, biogospodarstvu in ključnim omogočitvenim tehnologijam presegel 9 milijard EUR. Poleg tega so raziskave in inovacije na področju energije in nizkoogkljičnosti med najpogosteje izbranimi področji pametne specializacije – za več kot 100 regij EU –, kar kaže, da bo temu dodeljenih precej sredstev iz evropskih strukturnih in investicijskih skladov. Platforma za pametno specializacijo na področju energije, ki jo je leta 2015 uvedla Komisija 32 , bo podprla ta prizadevanja. | In addition, the Horizon 2020 Framework programme is crucial to support the research & innovation objectives of the Energy Union. In the period 2014-2015 its financial contribution amounted to more than € 9 billion to support energy research (including nuclear), clean transport, climate action and resource efficiency, bioeconomy and key enabling technologies. Moreover, energy and low-carbon research and innovation are one of the most commonly selected smart specialisation areas – for over 100 EU regions – which indicate that considerable funding from the European Structural and Investment Funds will be allocated to this. The Smart Specialisation Platform on Energy, launched by the Commission in 2015 32 , should support this work. |
| Pot naprej | Way forward |
| Komisija namerava kot del svežnja poročila o stanju energetske unije 2016 predstaviti celovito strategijo energetske unije za raziskave, inovacije in konkurenčnost. Ta celovita strategija bi morala izražati ugotovitve posvetovanj, ki jih bo Komisija začela z državami članicami in deležniki o treh medsebojno povezanih področjih: energetskih tehnologijah, prometu in svetovni konkurenčnosti. Vključuje povečanje javnih in zasebnih naložb v raziskave in inovacije, odstranitev odvračilnih dejavnikov za inovacije in premagovanje ovir za zasebne naložbe. Bolj je treba spodbujati raziskave od spodaj navzgor, kar je pomembna značilnost živahnega inovacijskega ekosistema. | As part of the 2016 State of the Energy Union package, the Commission intends to present an integrated Energy Union strategy for research, innovation and competitiveness. This integrated strategy should reflect the findings of the consultation which the Commission will launch with the Member States and stakeholders on three interconnected strands: energy technologies, transport and global competitiveness. It involves increasing public and private investment in research and innovation, removing disincentives for innovation, and overcoming barriers to private investment. Bottom-up research should be better promoted as a major feature of a vibrant innovation ecosystem. |
| V letu 2016 bo pozornost namenjena učinkovitejšemu usklajevanju med energetsko unijo, enotnim digitalnim trgom in krožnim gospodarstvom. To med drugim zadeva progresivno digitalizacijo v energetskem in prometnem sektorju. | Attention will be paid in 2016 to a more effective coordination between the Energy Union, the Digital Single Market and the Circular Economy. This concerns, inter alia, the progressive digitalisation of the energy and transport sectors. |
| Energetski prehod bo prinesel spremembe v številnih sektorjih, zato je treba bolje vključiti socialne partnerje. To bi lahko zajemalo zagotovitev, da so znanja in spretnosti ter programi usposabljanja usklajeni s potrebami po novih profilih delovnih mest, preučitev delovnih pogojev v novih sektorjih ali olajšanje socialno pravičnega prehoda v sektorjih ali regijah, kjer bodo delovna mesta izgubljena. Komisija je začela sodelovati s socialnimi partnerji na evropski ravni in bo leta 2016 nadaljevala ta dialog. Spodbuja države članice, naj s socialnimi partnerji enako razpravljajo o posledicah energetskega prehoda in najboljšem načinu, kako te posledice predvideti in obvladovati 33 . | The energy transition will lead to changes in many sectors and therefore requires a closer involvement of the social partners. This could include ensuring that skills and training schemes match the needs of new job profiles, looking at working conditions in new sectors or facilitating a socially fair transition in sectors or regions where jobs will be lost. The Commission has started to engage with the Social Partners at the European level and will continue this dialogue in 2016. It encourages Member States to equally discuss with social partners the consequences of the energy transition and how they can best be anticipated and managed. 33 |
| Sklepi politik na ravni držav članic, regionalni ravni in ravni EU: | Policy conclusions at Member State, regional and EU levels: |
| Evropska industrija, raziskovalni inštituti in akademski inovativni akterji so na splošno dobro umeščeni na globalni energetski zemljevid. Številne države članice (med njimi Avstrija, Danska, Finska, Francija, Nemčija in Združeno kraljestvo) so vložile precejšnja prizadevanja v spodbujanje inovacij in poslovnih priložnosti na področju energijske učinkovitosti in nizkoogljične tehnologije. To je eden od razlogov, zakaj se je zaposlovanje v sektorju energije iz obnovljivih virov kljub gospodarski in finančni krizi povečalo, saj je bilo v zadnjih petih letih v EU ustvarjenih skoraj pol milijona dodatnih delovnih mest. | European industry, research institutes and academic innovative actors are overall well positioned in the global energy landscape. There are many Member States (including Austria, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany and the United Kingdom) who have made significant efforts to promote innovation and business opportunities in energy efficiency and low-carbon technology. That is one of the reasons why, despite the economic and financial crisis, employment has grown in the renewable energy sector, with almost half a million additional jobs created in the EU in the last five years. |
| Nedavne pozitivne pobude nekaterih držav članic (med njimi Francije, Nizozemske in Portugalske) so pripeljale do okolju in rasti prijaznejših davčnih sistemov. Vendar v številnih državah članicah še vedno ostajajo priložnosti za spremembo davčnega sistema na način, ki spodbuja zaposlovanje in konkurenčnost, hkrati pa prispeva k ciljem energetske unije 34 . Države članice, ki se ukvarjajo s tako spremembo obdavčenja, bi morale hkrati zagotoviti, da ne bi prišlo do nesorazmernih učinkov na dostopnost do energije. Za vnos inovacij na trg so potrebni ključni omogočitveni pogoji. Če bodo davčne reforme bolje izražale okoljske in gospodarske stroške, lahko – na primer na področju prometa in mobilnosti – podprejo ta prehod. | Recent positive initiatives of some Member States (including France, the Netherlands and Portugal) have led to more environmental and growth friendly tax systems. Still, there remain opportunities to shift the tax system in a way that stimulates employment and competitiveness while contributing to the Energy Union objectives in a number of Member States) 34 . Member States engaging in such tax shift should at the same time ensure to avoid disproportionate impacts on the affordability of energy. Key enabling conditions are necessary to bring innovation to markets. By better reflecting environmental and economic costs, tax reforms, e.g. in the area of transport and mobility, have the potential to support this transition. |
| 7. Izvajanje energetske unije | 7. implementation of the Energy Union |
| Doseženi napredek | Progress made |
| Energetska unija potrebuje zanesljiv in pregleden proces upravljanja, utemeljen na zakonodaji, s čimer se bo zagotovilo, da bodo vsi energetski ukrepi na evropski, regionalni, nacionalni in lokalni ravni prispevali k uresničitvi ciljev energetske unije. | The Energy Union needs a reliable and transparent governance process, anchored in legislation, to make sure that energy-related actions at European, regional, national and local level all contribute to the Energy Union's objectives. |
| Na politični ravni se je podpredsednik Šefčovič v zadnjih sedmih mesecih odpravil na krožno potovanje na temo energetske unije. Pogovarjal se je z nacionalnimi vladami in parlamenti, Evropskim parlamentom ter deležniki in državljani. Ti obiski so skupaj z veliko dejavnosti ozaveščanja številnih drugih komisarjev, zlasti komisarja Ariasa Cañeteja, bistveni, da se prisluhne energetski uniji in priložnostim, ki jih prinaša EU in državam članicam, ter razpravlja o njih. | At the political level, Vice-President Šefčovič has undertaken an Energy Union Tour over the last several months. He engaged in a dialogue with national governments and parliaments and with the European Parliament as well as stakeholders and citizens. These visits, as well as the many outreach activities of many other Commissioners, notably of Commissioner Arias Cañete, are instrumental to listen and discuss the Energy Union and its opportunities for the EU and its Member States. |
| Ta proces je, podprt s tehničnim dialogom z državami članicami, dal precej jasnejšo sliko o priložnostih, prednostih, nevarnostih in slabostih energetske unije na ravni države članic, kar je razvidno iz spremnih informativnih listov, ki so jih države članice potrdile po dvostranskih razpravah 35 . Njegov rezultat je tudi predlagana metodologija glede ključnih kazalnikov, priloženih temu poročilu o stanju energetske unije 36 . Ta delovni dokument služb Komisije vsebuje primerjavo stanja po vsej EU za pet razsežnosti energetske unije, tako da uporablja te prve ključne kazalnike. Ključni kazalniki se bodo v prihodnje uporabljali za merjenje in spremljanje uresničevanja energetske unije. | Supported by a technical dialogue with Member States, this process has led to a much clearer picture of the opportunities, strengths, threats and weaknesses of the Energy Union at Member State level, as can be seen in the accompanying factsheets which have been validated with Member States following bilateral discussions. 35 It also resulted in the proposed methodology on key indicators attached to this State of the Energy Union. 36 This Staff Working Document shows the comparative EU-wide situation for the five dimensions of the Energy Union using these first key indicators. Key indicators will be used in the future to measure and monitor the delivery of the Energy Union. |
| Energetski prehod zahteva strateško načrtovanje. Trenutno ima le približno tretjina držav članic izčrpne energetske in podnebne strategije za obdobje po letu 2020, vključno z okvirnimi nacionalnimi cilji za emisije toplogrednih plinov, obnovljive vire energije in energijsko učinkovitost. To vzbuja resno zaskrbljenost glede na potrebo po oblikovanju predvidljivega okvira za naložbe na področjih, kjer se pogosto zahteva dolgoročno načrtovanje. | The energy transition requires strategic planning. Currently only around a third of Member States have comprehensive energy and climate strategies in place beyond 2020, including national indicative targets for greenhouse gas emissions, renewables and energy efficiency. This is a matter of serious concern in view of the necessity to create a predictable framework for investments in areas which often require long-term planning. |
| Pot naprej | Way forward |
| Integrirani nacionalni načrti na področju energije in podnebnih sprememb, ki obravnavajo vseh pet razsežnosti energetske unije, so potrebno orodje za več strateškega načrtovanja. Za doseganje ciljev za leto 2030 bodo bistvenega pomena. Povezani dokument s smernicami, priložen temu poročilu o stanju energetske unije, državam članicam zagotavlja podlago, da začnejo razvijati načrte za obdobje, zajeto v okviru do leta 2030. | Integrated national energy and climate plans, addressing all five dimensions of the Energy Union, are necessary tools to have more strategic planning. They will be instrumental for the achievement of the 2030 targets. The related guidance document, annexed to this State of the Energy Union, provides the basis for Member States to start developing their plans for the period covered by the 2030 framework. |
| Pripravljalno delo bi se moralo nemudoma začeti, da bi razvijalcem projektov in vlagateljem v hitro spreminjajočem se okolju zagotovili gotovost in napovedljivost. Zato bi morale države članice leta 2017 predložiti osnutke nacionalnih načrtov, kar bo podlaga za nadaljnje razprave, da bodo ti nacionalni načrti leta 2018 dokončani in pripravljeni za uporabo precej pred letom 2021. | In order to provide certainty and predictability to project developers and investors in a rapidly changing environment, preparatory work should start without delay. Member States should therefore present draft National Plans in 2017 as a basis for further discussions, with a view to finalising these National Plans in 2018 so that they will be operational well before 2021. |
| Nacionalni načrti morajo izražati tudi rezultate regionalnih posvetovanj na področjih, ki bi imela koristi od okrepljenega sodelovanja s sosednimi državami članicami. Komisija namerava leta 2016 predstaviti smernice o tem, kako okrepiti regionalno sodelovanje v širšem smislu in kako lahko Komisija pospeši regionalne pristope. | National plans also need to reflect the outcome of regional consultations in areas that would benefit from enhanced cooperation with neighbouring Member States. In 2016 the Commission intends to come forward with guidance on how to strengthen regional cooperation in the broader sense and how the Commission can facilitate regional approaches. |
| Zaradi spremljanja napredka bo uveljavljen pregleden sistem spremljanja, ki bo temeljil na ključnih kazalnikih in dvoletnih poročilih držav članic o doseženem napredku v zvezi z njihovimi nacionalnimi načrti. Komisija namerava v letnem poročilu o stanju energetske unije oceniti skupen napredek, dosežen na ravni EU, in po potrebi predlagati ukrepe politike, da se zagotovi uresničevanje ciljev energetske unije. | In order to track progress, a transparent monitoring system needs to be put in place based on key indicators as well as on Member States' biannual reports concerning progress made on their national plans. The Commission intends to assess collective progress made at the EU level in its annual State of the Energy Union and, if necessary, propose policy actions and measures to ensure the delivery of the Energy Union objectives. |
| Komisija namerava leta 2016 na podlagi, med drugim, preverjanja ustreznosti trenutnih obveznosti poročanja 37 in nenehnih razprav z državami članicami, Evropskim parlamentom in deležniki predstaviti predlog o racionalizaciji zahtev glede načrtovanja in poročanja v zvezi z ukrepi na področju podnebnih sprememb in energije za države članice in Komisijo, da bi se čim prej zmanjšalo nepotrebno upravno breme v skladu z agendo za boljše pravno urejanje ter uskladile zahteve glede načrtovanja in poročanja z okvirno strategijo za energetsko unijo. | Based on inter alia a fitness check of current reporting obligations 37 and ongoing discussions with Member States, the European Parliament and stakeholders, the Commission foresees in 2016 a proposal on streamlining planning and reporting requirements related to climate and energy actions for Member States and the Commission to reduce as soon as possible unnecessary administrative burden in line with the better regulation agenda and to align planning and reporting requirements with the Energy Union Framework Strategy. |
| 8. Sklepi in pot naprej | 8. Conclusions and way forward |
| Bistveno je, da se ohranijo ambicije, uravnoteženost in zagon, ustvarjeni z uvedbo okvirne strategije za energetsko unijo februarja 2015. Leto 2016 bo pomembno leto, tj. leto rezultatov, ko bo strateška vizija, opredeljena v strategiji za energetsko unijo, prenesena v zakonodajne pobude na ravni EU, leto večje usklajenosti pri naših odnosih z zunanjimi partnerji ter leto nadaljnjega razvoja in izvajanja energetske unije. | It is essential to maintain the ambition, balance and momentum created by the launch of the Energy Union Framework Strategy in February 2015. 2016 will be an important year, a year of delivery, in which the strategic vision set out in the Energy Union Strategy will be translated in EU-level legislative initiatives, more coherence in our engagement with external partners, and further development and implementation of the Energy Union. |
| (1) | (1) |
| COM(2015) 80. | COM(2015)80. |
| (2) | (2) |
| Spremlja ga več poročil in delovnih dokumentov služb Komisije kot prvi korak k racionalizaciji obveznosti poročanja Komisije. | It is accompanied by a series of reports and staff working documents as a first step towards streamlining the Commission's reporting obligations. |
| (3) | (3) |
| Delovni program Komisije, COM(2015) 610. Vsi predlogi bodo pripravljeni v skladu z načeli subsidiarnosti, sorazmernosti in boljše pravne ureditve. Nekateri od teh predlogov bodo pobude REFIT. | Commission Work Programme, COM(2015)610. All proposals will be prepared in line with the principles of subsidiarity, proportionality and better regulation. Some of these proposals will be REFIT initiatives. |
| (4) | (4) |
| Drugi dve sta Brazilija in Kanada. | The others are Brazil and Canada. |
| (5) | (5) |
| 27 % električne energije se proizvede z energijo iz obnovljivih virov, drugih 27 % pa z jedrsko energijo. | 27% produced from renewable energy sources and another 27% produced from nuclear energy. |
| (6) | (6) |
| COM(2014) 15 in njegova ocena učinka. | COM(2014)15 and its impact assessment. |
| (7) | (7) |
| Sklepi Sveta za okolje z dne 18. septembra 2015. | Environment Council conclusions of 18/09/2015. |
| (8) | (8) |
| Svetovno usklajeni preskusni postopek za lahka tovorna vozila je bil sprejet leta 2014 v okviru Ekonomske komisije Združenih narodov za Evropo (UNECE), da bi nadomestil stari preskusni postopek, imenovan „novi evropski vozni cikel“. | The World-harmonised Light-duty vehicle Test Procedure (WLTP) has been adopted under the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) framework in 2014 to replace the old "New European Drive Cycle" (NEDC) test cycle. |
| (9) | (9) |
| To bo zagotovilo dejansko usklajenost vrednosti emisij vozil v dejanski uporabi z zakonsko določenimi mejnimi vrednostmi, pri čemer je treba upoštevati odstopanja zaradi negotovosti preskusnega postopka in merilnih instrumentov, ki se bodo sčasoma znatno zmanjšala. | This will ensure actual compliance of real life vehicles' emissions performance with the regulatory limit values, subject to tolerances due to the uncertainties of the test procedure and measuring instruments, which will be progressively reduced over time. |
| (10) | (10) |
| Glej Poročilo o napredku na področju podnebnih sprememb, COM(2015) 576 in SWD(2015) 246. | See the Climate Action Progress Report, COM(2015)576 + SWD(2015)246. |
| (11) | (11) |
| Ker se vmesni cilji določajo kot povprečje dveh let, bi lahko novi podatki Eurostata za leto 2014 to oceno spremenili. | As the interim targets are defined as an average of two years, new 2014 Eurostat data could change this assessment. |
| (12) | (12) |
| COM(2015) 341. | COM(2015)341. |
| (13) | (13) |
| COM(2015) 574 in spremni dokument služb Komisije SWD(2015) 245. | COM(2015)574 and accompanying Staff working document SWD(2015)245. |
| (14) | (14) |
| COM(2014) 520. | COM(2014)520. |
| (15) | (15) |
| Poročilo skupine finančnih ustanov na področju energijske učinkovitosti (EEFIG) ( www.eefig.eu ). | The Energy Efficiency Financial Institutions Groups (EEFIG) Report ( www.eefig.eu ). |
| (16) | (16) |
| http://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/topics/infrastructure/central-and-south-eastern-europe-gas-connectivity . | http://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/topics/infrastructure/central-and-south-eastern-europe-gas-connectivity . |
| (17) | (17) |
| COM(2015) 340. | COM(2015)340. |
| (18) | (18) |
| COM(2015) 339, ki ga spremlja delovni dokument služb Komisije o dobrih praksah na področju energije iz obnovljivih virov za lastno porabo, SWD(2015) 114. | COM(2015)339; accompanied by a Staff Working Document on best practices on renewable energy self-consumption, SWD(2015)114. |
| (19) | (19) |
| SWD(2015) 249. | SWD(2015)249. |
| (20) | (20) |
| Iz poročila Agencije za sodelovanje energetskih regulatorjev (ACER) o spremljanju izvajanja projektov skupnega interesa izhaja, da gre za 31 % projektov na področju električne energije in 25 % projektov na področju plina. | 31% in electricity and 25% in gas, according to the ACER monitoring report on the implementation of Projects of Common Interest. |
| (21) | (21) |
| C(2015) 8052. | C(2015)8052 |
| (22) | (22) |
| SWD(2015) 247. | SWD(2015)247. |
| (23) | (23) |
| UL C 200, 28.6.2014, str. 1. | OJ C 200/1 of 28 June 2014. |
| (24) | (24) |
| C(2015) 2814. | C(2015)2814. |
| (25) | (25) |
| COM(2015) 496. | COM(2015)496. |
| (26) | (26) |
| C36/14, Evropska komisija proti Republiki Poljski. | C‑36/14, European Commission v. Republic of Poland. |
| (27) | (27) |
| Sklepi Sveta o diplomaciji na področju energetske in podnebne politike (10995/15 in 11029/15). | Council conclusions on energy and climate diplomacy (10995/15 and 11029/15). |
| (28) | (28) |
| COM(2014) 330. | COM(2014)330. |
| (29) | (29) |
| JOIN(2015) 50, ki ga spremlja SWD(2015) 500. | JOIN(2015)50, accompanied by SWD(2015)500. |
| (30) | (30) |
| Glej na primer izjavo Nemčije in njenih sosed glede zanesljivosti oskrbe z električno energijo, http://www.benelux.int/files/4414/3375/5898/Jointdeclaration.pdf . | See e.g. the declaration of Germany and its neighbours on security of electricity, http://www.benelux.int/files/4414/3375/5898/Jointdeclaration.pdf . |
| (31) | (31) |
| C(2015) 6317. | C(2015)6317. |
| (32) | (32) |
| http://s3platform.jrc.ec.europa.eu/s3p-energy . | http://s3platform.jrc.ec.europa.eu/s3p-energy . |
| (33) | (33) |
| Nova agenda o znanju in spretnostih na ravni EU, ki jo pripravlja Komisija, bo določila ukrepe za boljše predvidevanje potreb po znanju in spretnostih ter izboljšanje preglednosti in priznavanja kvalifikacij. | The new EU-wide Skills Agenda that the Commission is preparing should set out measures on how to better anticipate skills needs and improve the transparency and recognition of qualifications. |
| (34) | (34) |
| Poročilo o davčnih reformah v državah članicah EU, 2015 (november) – Dokument o davkih št.°58; http://ec.europa.eu/taxation_customs/resources/documents/taxation/gen_info/economic_analysis/tax_papers/taxation_paper_58.pdf . | Tax Reforms Report in the EU Member States, 2015 (November) – Taxation Paper N°58; http://ec.europa.eu/taxation_customs/resources/documents/taxation/gen_info/economic_analysis/tax_papers/taxation_paper_58.pdf . |
| (35) | (35) |
| Informativni listi držav članic so vključeni v dokumente SWD(2015) 208–209, 217–242. | The Member States' factsheets are included in SWD(2015)208-209, 217-242. |
| (36) | (36) |
| SWD(2015) 243. | SWD(2015)243. |
| (37) | (37) |
| Točka 10 pobud REFIT, Priloga II k delovnemu programu Komisije (COM(2015) 610). | Item 10 of the REFIT initiatives, Annex II of the Commission Work Programme (COM(2015)610). |
| |
| EVROPSKA KOMISIJA | EUROPEAN COMMISSION |
| Bruselj, 18.11.2015 | Brussels, 18.11.2015 |
| COM(2015) 572 final | COM(2015) 572 final |
| PRILOGA | ANNEX |
| POSODOBLJENI ČASOVNI NAČRT ZA ENERGETSKO UNIJO | UPDATED ROADMAP FOR THE ENERGY UNION |
| k | to the |
| SPOROČILU KOMISIJE EVROPSKEMU PARLAMENTU, SVETU, EVROPSKEMU EKONOMSKO-SOCIALNEMU ODBORU, ODBORU REGIJ IN EVROPSKI INVESTICIJSKI BANKI | COMMUNICATION FROM THE COMMISSION TO THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT, THE COUNCIL, THE EUROPEAN ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COMMITTEE, THE COMMITTEE OF THE REGIONS AND THE EUROPEAN INVESTMENT BANK |
| Stanje energetske unije | State of the Energy Union |
| {SWD(2015) 208}{SWD(2015) 209}{SWD(2015) 217 à 243} | {SWD(2015) 208}{SWD(2015) 209}{SWD(2015) 217 à 243} |
| Posodobljeni časovni načrt za energetsko unijo – november 2015 | Updated Roadmap for the Energy Union – November 2015 |
| Legenda: ZO: zanesljivost oskrbe / NET: notranji energetski trg / EU: energijska učinkovitost / TP: toplogredni plini / R&I: raziskave in inovacije | Key: SoS: Security of Supply / IEM: Internal Energy Market / EE: Energy Efficiency / GHG: Greenhouse gases / R&I: Research and Innovation |
| Ta časovni načrt je enak tistemu, ki je bil predstavljen v prilogi k Sporočilu Komisije „Okvirna strategija za trdno energetsko unijo s podnebno politiko, usmerjeno v prihodnost“, sprejetemu 25. februarja 2015 (COM(2015)80). Edina novost v tej tabeli je zadnji stolpec, ki vsebuje posodobitve tistih pobud, ki so že bile sprejete ali kjer se je spremenila časovnica. Ne vsebuje novih informacij o pobudah, ki so prvotno bile predvidene za leto 2016 ali pozneje. | This roadmap is the same as the one presented in the annex to the Commission Communication "A Framework Strategy for a Resilient Energy Union with a Forward-Looking Climate Change Policy", adopted on 25 February 2015 (COM(2015)80). The only new information in this table is the last column, which provides an update for those initiatives which have already been adopted or where the time schedule changed. It does not provide any new information on initiatives originally foreseen for 2016 or later. |
| Ukrepi | Pristojni akter | Časovni okvir (prikazan v prilogi k sporočilu COM(2015)80) | ZO | NET | EU | TP | R&I | Opombe / posodobitev | Actions | Responsible party | Timetable (shown in the annex to COM(2015)80) | SoS | IEM | EE | GHG | R&I | Comments / Update |
| Infrastruktura | Infrastructure |
| Učinkovito uresničevanje cilja čezmejne povezanosti najmanj 10 % inštaliranih zmogljivosti proizvodnje električne energije | Komisija | Države članice | Nacionalni regulativni organi | Sistemski operaterji prenosnih omrežij | 2015–2020 | X | X | X | Sprejet 25. februarja 2015 (COM(2015)82). | Effective implementation of the 10% electricity interconnection target | Commission | Member States | National Regulatory Authorities | Transmission System Operators | 2015-20 | X | X | X | Adopted on 25 February 2015 (COM(2015)82) |
| 2. seznam projektov skupnega interesa, ki bo podlaga za delegiran akt Komisije | Komisija | Države članice | 2015 | X | X | X | Delegirani akt sprejet 18. novembra 2015 (C(2015)8052). | 2nd list of Projects of Common Interest (PCI) – leading to Commission Delegated Act | Commission | Member States | 2015 | X | X | X | Delegated act adopted on 18 November 2015 (C(2015)8052) |
| Sporočilo o napredku pri oblikovanju seznama najpomembnejše energetske infrastrukture in ukrepih, potrebnih za dosego cilja čezmejne povezanosti 15 % inštaliranih zmogljivosti proizvodnje električne energije do leta 2030 | Komisija | 2016 | X | X | Communication on the progress towards the completion of the list of the most vital energy infrastructures and on the necessary measures to reach the 15% electricity interconnection target for 2030 | Commission | 2016 | X | X |
| Vzpostavitev foruma za energetsko infrastrukturo | Komisija | Države članice | 2015 | X | X | Prvo srečanje foruma za energetsko infrastrukturo je potekalo od 9. do 10. novembra 2015 v Københavnu. | Establish an Energy Infrastructure Forum | Commission | Member States | 2015 | X | X | First meeting of the Energy Infrastructure Forum took place 9-10 November 2015 in Copenhagen |
| Električna energija | Electricity |
| Pobuda o zasnovi trga in regionalnih elektroenergetskih trgih ter usklajevanje zmogljivosti za zagotavljanje zanesljivosti oskrbe, povečanje čezmejne trgovine in lažje vključevanje energije iz obnovljivih virov | Komisija | 2015–2016 | X | X | X | X | Posvetovalno sporočilo je bilo sprejeto 15. julija 2015 (COM(2015)340), zakonodajni predlogi bodo sledili v letu 2016. | Initiative on market design and regional electricity markets, and coordination of capacities to ensure security of supply, boosting cross-border trade and facilitating integration of renewable energy | Commission | 2015-2016 | X | X | X | X | Consultative Communication adopted on 15 July 2015 (COM(2015)340) with legislative proposals to follow in 2016 |
| Pregled direktive o ukrepih za zagotavljanje zanesljivosti oskrbe z električno energijo | Komisija | 2016 | X | X | X | Review of the Directive concerning measures to safeguard security of electricity supply | Commission | 2016 | X | X | X |
| Maloprodaja | Retail |
| Nov dogovor za odjemalce energije: izboljšanje položaja odjemalcev, zagotavljanje prilagajanja odjema; uporaba pametne tehnologije; povezovanje veleprodajnih in maloprodajnih trgov; postopno ukinjanje reguliranih cen; spremljevalni ukrepi za zaščito ranljivih odjemalcev | Komisija | Države članice | 2015–2016 | X | X | X | X | Sporočilo je bilo sprejeto 15. julija 2015 (COM(2015)339), zakonodajni predlogi bodo sledili v letu 2016. | New Deal for energy consumers: Empowering consumers, deploying Demand Side Response; using smart technology; linking wholesale and retail markets; phase-out of regulated prices; flanking measures to protect vulnerable customers | Commission | Member States | 2015-2016 | X | X | X | X | Communication adopted on 15 July 2015 (COM(2015)339) with legislative proposals to follow in 2016 |
| Plin | Gas |
| Revizija uredbe o zanesljivosti oskrbe s plinom | Komisija | 2015-2016 | X | X | Predvideno za leto 2016. | Revision of the Regulation on security of gas supply | Commission | 2015-2016 | X | X | Foreseen for 2016 |
| Utekočinjeni zemeljski plin in strategija skladiščenja | Komisija | 2015-2016 | X | Predvideno za leto 2016. | Liquified Natural Gas and Storage strategy | Commission | 2015-2016 | X | Foreseen for 2016 |
| Regulativni okvir | Regulatory framework |
| Pregled vloge Agencije za sodelovanje energetskih regulatorjev (ACER) in regulativnega okvira za energijo | Komisija | 2015-16 | X | X | X | Vključeno v posvetovalno sporočilo, ki je bilo sprejeto 15. julija 2015 (COM(2015)340), zakonodajni predlogi bodo sledili v letu 2016. | Review of the Agency for the Cooperation of Energy Regulators (ACER) and the energy regulatory framework | Commission | 2015-16 | X | X | X | Covered by the Consultative Communication adopted on 15 July 2015 (COM(2015)340) with legislative proposals to follow in 2016 |
| Obnovljivi viri energije | Renewables |
| Sveženj za energijo iz obnovljivih virov: vključno z novo direktivo o spodbujanju uporabe energije iz obnovljivih virov za leto 2030; najboljše prakse na področju energije iz obnovljivih virov za lastno porabo in programov podpore; politika za trajnostno bioenergijo | Komisija | 2015-2017 | X | X | X | Smernice iz najboljših praks na področju energije iz obnovljivih virov za lastno porabo so bile sprejete 15. julija 2015 (SWD(2015)141). | Sveženj za energijo iz obnovljivih virov predviden za leto 2016. | Renewable Energy Package: including a new Renewable Energy Directive for 2030; best practices in renewable energy self-consumption and support schemes; bioenergy sustainability policy. | Commission | 2015-2017 | X | X | X | Best practice guidelines for renewable energy self-consumption adopted on 15 July 2015 (SWD(2015)141) | Renewable Energy Package foreseen for 2016 |
| Sporočilo „Proizvodnja energije iz odpadkov“ | Komisija | 2016 | X | X | Communication on Waste to Energy | Commission | 2016 | X | X |
| Podnebni ukrepi | Climate Action |
| Zakonodajni predlog za pregled sistema EU za trgovanje z emisijami, 2021–2030 | Komisija | 2015 | X | X | X | Predlog sprejet 15. julija 2015 (COM(2015)337). | Legislative proposal to revise the EU Emissions Trading System, 2021-2030 | Commission | 2015 | X | X | X | Proposal adopted on 15 July 2015 (COM(2015)337) |
| Zakonodajni predlogi o odločbi o porazdelitvi prizadevanj in vključitev rabe zemljišč, spremembe rabe zemljišč in gozdarstva v okvir podnebne in energetske politike za leto 2030 | Komisija | 2016 | X | Legislative proposals on the Effort-Sharing Decision and the inclusion of Land Use, Land Use Change and Forestry (LULUCF) into the 2030 Climate and Energy Framework | Commission | 2016 | X |
| Ukrepi v prometnem sektorju | Transport actions |
| Pošteno in učinkovito oblikovanje cen za trajnostni promet – revizija direktive o evrovinjeti in okvir za spodbujanje evropskega elektronskega cestninjenja | Komisija | 2016 | X | X | Fair and efficient pricing for sustainable transport – revision of the Eurovignette Directive and framework to promote European electronic tolling | Commission | 2016 | X | X |
| Pregled pravil o dostopu do trga v cestnem prometu za izboljšanje njegove energijske učinkovitosti | Komisija | 2016 | X | X | Review of market access rules for road transport to improve its energy efficiency | Commission | 2016 | X | X |
| Osrednji načrt za uvajanje kooperativnih inteligentnih prometnih sistemov | Komisija | Države članice | Industrija | 2016 | X | X | X | Master Plan for the deployment of Cooperative Intelligent Transport Systems | Commission | Member States | Industry | 2016 | X | X | X |
| Pregled uredb o določitvi standardov emisijskih vrednosti za določitev ciljev za obdobje po letu 2020 za osebna in kombinirana vozila | Komisija | 2016–2017 | X | X | X | Review of Regulations setting emission performance standards to establish post-2020 targets for cars and vans | Commission | 2016 - 2017 | X | X | X |
| Vzpostavitev sistema spremljanja in poročanja za težka vozila (tovornjake in avtobuse) z namenom izboljšanja informacij za kupce | Komisija | 2016–2017 | X | X | X | Establishing a monitoring and reporting system for heavy duty vehicles (trucks and buses) with a view to improving purchaser information | Commission | 2016-2017 | X | X | X |
| Pregled direktive o spodbujanju čistih in energijsko učinkovitih vozil za cestni prevoz | Komisija | 2017 | X | X | Review of Directive on the Promotion of Clean and Energy Efficient Road Transport Vehicles | Commission | 2017 | X | X |
| Sporočilo o razogljičenju prometnega sektorja, vključno z akcijskim načrtom za biogoriva druge in tretje generacije ter druga alternativna, trajnostna goriva | Komisija | 2017 | X | X | X | Predvideno za leto 2016. | Communication on decarbonising the transport sector, including an action plan on second and third generation biofuels and other alternative, sustainable fuels | Commission | 2017 | X | X | X | Foreseen for 2016. |
| Energijska učinkovitost | Energy efficiency |
| Pregled direktive o energijski učinkovitosti | Komisija | 2016 | X | X | X | X | Review of the Energy Efficiency Directive | Commission | 2016 | X | X | X | X |
| Pregled direktive o energijski učinkovitosti stavb, vključno s pobudo za pametno financiranje pametnih stavb | Komisija | 2016 | X | X | X | X | Review of the Directive on Energy Performance of Buildings including Smart Finance for Smart Buildings initiative | Commission | 2016 | X | X | X | X |
| Pregled okvira za energijsko učinkovitost izdelkov (direktiva o energijskem označevanju in okoljsko primerni zasnovi izdelkov) | Komisija | 2015 | X | X | X | X | Predlog uredbe o označevanju z energijskimi nalepkami sprejet 15. julija 2015 (COM(2015)341). | Delovni načrt za okoljsko primerno zasnovo, povezan s svežnjem o krožnem gospodarstvu iz decembra 2015. | Review of the energy efficiency framework for products (Energy Labelling Directive and Ecodesign Directives) | Commission | 2015 | X | X | X | X | Energy Labelling Regulation proposal adopted on 15 July 2015 (COM(2015)341) | Ecodesign work plan linked to the December 2015 Circular Economy package |
| Krepitev usmerjenega izkoriščanja finančnih instrumentov za podporo naložbam v energijsko učinkovitost | Komisija | 2015– | X | X | Strengthening the targeted use of financial instruments to support investments in energy efficiency | Commission | 2015- | X | X |
| Ogrevanje in hlajenje | Heating and Cooling |
| Strategija EU za ogrevanje in hlajenje – prispevek ogrevanja in hlajenja pri uresničevanju energetskih in podnebnih ciljev EU | Komisija | 2015 | X | X | X | X | X | Predvideno za leto 2016. | EU strategy for Heating and Cooling – the contribution from heating and cooling in realising the EU's energy and climate objectives | Commission | 2015 | X | X | X | X | X | Foreseen for 2016 |
| Zunanja energetska in podnebna politika | External Energy and Climate Policy |
| Diplomacija EU na področju energetske in podnebne politike | Komisija | VP/PP | Države članice | 2015 | X | X | X | X | Sklepi Sveta o diplomaciji na področju podnebne politike, ki jih je sprejel Svet za zunanje zadeve 20. julija 2015 (11029/15). | Sklepi Sveta o diplomaciji na področju energetske politike, ki jih je sprejel Svet za zunanje zadeve 20. julija 2015 (10995/15). | EU Energy and Climate policy diplomacy | Commission | HR/VP | Member States | 2015 | X | X | X | X | Council conclusions on climate diplomacy adopted by the Foreign Affairs Council on 20 July 2015 (11029/15) | Council conclusions on energy diplomacy adopted by the Foreign Affairs Council on 20 July 2015 (10995/15) |
| Pregled sklepa o vzpostavitvi mehanizma za izmenjavo informacij v zvezi z medvladnimi sporazumi med državami članicami in tretjimi državami na področju energije | Komisija | VP/PP | 2016 | X | X | Review of the Decision on information exchange mechanism with regard to intergovernmental agreements between Member States and third countries in the field of energy | Commission | HR/VP | 2016 | X | X |
| Nov in okrepljen dialog o energiji z državami, ki so pomembne za energetsko politiko EU | Komisija | VP/PP | 2015– | X | X | X | X | X | New and strengthened energy dialogues with countries of importance for EU energy policy | Commission | HR/VP | 2015 - | X | X | X | X | X |
| Memorandum o soglasju o okrepljenem strateškem partnerstvu z Ukrajino | Komisija | VP/PP | Evropski parlament | Svet | 2015 | X | X | Predvideno za leto 2016. | Memorandum of Understanding on an upgraded strategic partnership with Ukraine | Commission | HR/VP | European Parliament | Council | 2015 | X | X | Foreseen for 2016 |
| Tristranski memorandum o soglasju o transkaspijskem plinovodu z Azerbajdžanom in Turkmenistanom | Komisija | VP/PP | Evropski parlament | Svet | 2015 | X | X | Predvideno za leto 2016. | Trilateral Memorandum of Understanding on the Trans-Caspian pipelines with Azerbaijan and Turkmenistan | Commission | HR/VP | European Parliament | Council | 2015 | X | X | Foreseen for 2016 |
| Pobuda za krepitev Energetske skupnosti | Komisija | Pogodbenice Energetske skupnosti | VP/PP | 2015 | X | X | Ključne odločitve sprejete na zasedanju Ministrskega sveta Energetske skupnosti oktobra 2015. | Sledil bo skupni akt o zanesljivosti oskrbe. | Initiative to strengthen the Energy Community | Commission | Energy Community Contracting Parties | HR/VP | 2015 | X | X | Key decisions taken at the Ministerial Council of the Energy Community in October 2015 | Joint Act on security of supply to follow |
| Okrepitev sodelovanja v okviru evro-sredozemskega partnerstva na področju plina, električne energije, energijske učinkovitosti in obnovljivih virov energije | Komisija | VP/PP | 2015–2016 | X | X | Junija 2015 oblikovana platforma za plin. | Oktobra 2015 oblikovana platforma za regionalni trg električne energije. | Leta 2016 bosta oblikovani platformi za obnovljive vire energije in energijsko učinkovitost. | Strengthen Euromed cooperation on gas, electricity, energy efficiency and renewables | Commission | HR/VP | 2015-2016 | X | X | Gas platform launched in June 2015 | Regional electricity market platform launched in October 2015 | Renewables and energy efficiency platform to be launched in 2016 |
| Sprejetje in podpis nove mednarodne energetske listine v imenu EU in Euratoma | Komisija | VP/PP | 2015 | X | X | Evropska Komisija je na konferenci, ki je potekala 20. in 21. maja 2015 v Haagu, sopodpisala mednarodno energetsko listino. | Adoption and signature of a new International Energy Charter on behalf of the EU and EURATOM | Commission | HR/VP | 2015 | X | X | The International Energy Charter was co-signed by the European Commission at the Conference on 20-21 May 2015 in The Hague. |
| Industrijska konkurenčnost | Industrial competitiveness |
| Nov evropski pristop k raziskavam in inovacijam na področju energije za pospešitev preoblikovanja energetskega sistema, ki vključuje: | - celovit Evropski strateški načrt za energetsko tehnologijo; | - strateško agendo raziskav in inovacij na področju prometa | Komisija | 2015–2017 | X | Sporočilo o Evropskem strateškem načrtu za energetsko tehnologijo sprejet 15. septembra 2015 (C(2015)6317). | V letu 2015 je bila oblikovana platforma za specializacijo na področju energije. | Za leto 2016 je predvidena integrirana strategija energetske unije za raziskave, inovacije in konkurenčnost. | A new European energy R&I approach to accelerate energy system transformation, composed of | - an integrated Strategic Energy Technology (SET) Plan | - a strategic transport R&I agenda | Commission | 2015-2017 | X | Communication on the SET Plan adopted on 15 September 2015 (C(2015)6317) | Smart Specialisation Platform on Energy launched in 2015 | Integrated Energy Union research, innovation and competitiveness strategy foreseen for 2016 |
| Analiza cen in stroškov energije (vključno z davki in subvencijami) | Komisija | 2016 in nato vsaki 2 leti | X | Analysis of energy prices and costs (including taxes and subsidies) | Commission | 2016 and every 2 years thereafter | X |
| Pobuda za vodilno vlogo EU v svetu na področju energetskih in podnebnih tehnologij in inovacij za krepitev rasti in ustvarjanje delovnih mest | Komisija | 2015–2016 | X | X | X | Povezana z integrirano in celostno strategijo energetske unije za raziskave, inovacije in konkurenčnost. | Initiative on EU global technology and innovation leadership on energy and climate to boost growth and jobs | Commission | 2015-2016 | X | X | X | Linked to the integrated and comprehensive Energy Union research, innovation and competitiveness strategy |
| Okrepljena trgovinska politika za lažji izvoz tehnologij EU | Komisija | 2015–2019 | X | X | X | Enhanced trade policy to facilitate export of EU technologies | Commission | 2015-2019 | X | X | X |
| Medsektorski ukrepi | Cross cutting measures |
| Pregled smernic o državni pomoči za varstvo okolja in energijo | Komisija | 2017–2019 | X | X | X | X | X | Review of the Guidelines on State aid for environmental protection and energy | Commission | 2017-2019 | X | X | X | X | X |
| Poročilo o evropski strategiji za energetsko varnost, vključno s platformo in časovnim načrtom za evro-sredozemsko partnerstvo in strategije za utekočinjen zemeljski plin, shranjevanje energije ter južni plinski koridor | Komisija | 2015–2016 | X | X | X | X | X | Poročilo (delovni dokument služb Komisije) sprejeto 18. novembra 2015 (SWD(2015)404). | Za leto 2016 je predvidena strategija za utekočinjeni zemeljski plin in skladiščenje plina. | Report on the European Energy Security Strategy; including a platform and roadmap for Euromed and strategies for LNG, energy storage, and the Southern gas corridor | Commission | 2015-2016 | X | X | X | X | X | Report (SWD) adopted on 18 November 2015 (SWD(2015)404) | LNG and gas storage strategy foreseen for 2016 |
| Podatki, analize in spoznanja o energetski uniji: pobuda za združevanje in enostaven dostop do vsega ustreznega znanja v Komisiji in državah članicah | Komisija | 2016 | X | X | X | X | X | Data, analysis and intelligence for the Energy Union: initiative pooling and making easily accessible all relevant knowledge in the Commission and Member States | Commission | 2016 | X | X | X | X | X |
| Jedrska energija | Nuclear |
| Uredba Sveta o posodobitvi zahtev glede informacij iz člena 41 Pogodbe Euratom v skladu z evropsko strategijo za energetsko varnost | Komisija | 2015 | X | X | Predvideno za leto 2016. | Council Regulation updating the information requirements of Article 41 of the Euratom Treaty in the light of the European Energy Security Strategy | Commission | 2015 | X | X | Foreseen for 2016 |
| Sporočilo o usmeritvenem jedrskem programu (PINC) v skladu s členom 40 Pogodbe Euratom | Komisija | 2015 | X | X | Predvideno za leto 2016. | Communication on a nuclear illustrative programme (PINC) pursuing Article 40 of the Euratom Treaty | Commission | 2015 | X | X | Foreseen for 2016 |
| |
| EVROPSKA KOMISIJA | EUROPEAN COMMISSION |
| Bruselj, 18.11.2015 | Brussels, 18.11.2015 |
| COM(2015) 572 final | COM(2015) 572 final |
| PRILOGA | ANNEX |
| SMERNICE ZA DRŽAVE ČLANICE GLEDE NACIONALNIH NAČRTOV NA PODROČJU ENERGIJE IN PODNEBNIH SPREMEMB KOT DELA UPRAVLJANJA ENERGETSKE UNIJE | GUIDANCE TO MEMBER STATES ON NATIONAL ENERGY AND CLIMATE PLANS AS PART OF THE ENERGY UNION GOVERNANCE |
| k | to the |
| SPOROČILU KOMISIJE EVROPSKEMU PARLAMENTU, SVETU, EVROPSKEMU EKONOMSKO-SOCIALNEMU ODBORU, ODBORU REGIJ IN EVROPSKI INVESTICIJSKI BANKI | COMMUNICATION FROM THE COMMISSION TO THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT, THE COUNCIL, THE EUROPEAN ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COMMITTEE, THE COMMITTEE OF THE REGIONS AND THE EUROPEAN INVESTMENT BANK |
| Stanje energetske unije | State of the Energy Union |
| {SWD(2015) 208}{SWD(2015) 209}{SWD(2015) 217 à 243} | {SWD(2015) 208}{SWD(2015) 209}{SWD(2015) 217 à 243} |
| SMERNICE ZA DRŽAVE ČLANICE GLEDE NACIONALNIH NAČRTOV NA PODROČJU ENERGIJE IN PODNEBNIH SPREMEMB KOT DELA UPRAVLJANJA ENERGETSKE UNIJE | GUIDANCE TO MEMBER STATES ON NATIONAL ENERGY AND CLIMATE PLANS AS PART OF THE ENERGY UNION GOVERNANCE |
| 1.Uvod | 1.Introduction |
| V sporočilu Komisije o okvirni strategiji za energetsko unijo, sprejetem 25. februarja 2015, je pojasnjeno, da energetska unija potrebuje integriran proces upravljanja in spremljanja, s čimer se bo zagotovilo, da bodo vsi energetski ukrepi na evropski, regionalni, nacionalni in lokalni ravni prispevali k uresničitvi ciljev energetske unije. | The Commission's Communication on a Framework Strategy for the Energy Union adopted on 25 February 2015 explains that the Energy Union needs an integrated governance and monitoring process, to make sure that energy-related actions at European, regional, national and local level all contribute to the Energy Union's objectives. |
| Evropski svet je oktobra 2014 – ko je bil dogovorjen okvir podnebne in energetske politike za leto 2030 – pozval k zanesljivemu in preglednemu sistemu upravljanja brez nepotrebnih upravnih bremen, s čimer bi lahko zagotovili, da bi EU izpolnila svoje cilje na področju energetske politike, 19. marca 2015 pa sklenil, da je treba razviti zanesljiv in pregleden sistem upravljanja. V središču tega sistema upravljanja bodo racionalizirani in integrirani nacionalni načrti na področju energije in podnebnih sprememb. Sistem upravljanja bo temeljil na obstoječih temeljih, kot so nacionalni programi na področju podnebnih sprememb ter nacionalni načrti za energijo iz obnovljivih virov in energijsko učinkovitost. | In October 2014 – when agreeing on the 2030 Framework for climate and energy – the European Council called for a reliable and transparent governance system without any unnecessary administrative burden to help ensure that the EU meets its energy policy goals and on 19 March 2015, it concluded that a reliable and transparent governance system must be developed. Streamlined and integrated national energy and climate plans will be at the core of this governance system. The governance system will build on existing building blocks, such as national climate programmes, national plans for renewable energy and energy efficiency. |
| Komisija bo pri uresničevanju teh skupnih ciljev tesno sodelovala z državami članicami, da bi skupaj zagotovili uspešno izvedbo energetske unije, zmanjšali upravno breme in povečali preglednost za države članice ter zagotovili varnost za vlagatelje do leta 2030 in po njem. | The Commission will closely cooperate with Member States on the delivery of these common goals in order to jointly ensure a successful implementation of the Energy Union, reduce the administrative burden and enhance transparency for Member States, and ensure investor certainty until the year 2030 and beyond. |
| Namen tega dokumenta je državam članicam ponuditi smernice glede razvoja njihovih integriranih nacionalnih načrtov na področju energije in podnebnih sprememb ter glavnih elementov. | The purpose of this document is to offer guidance to Member States on the process of developing their integrated national energy and climate plan as well as the main elements. |
| Ta dokument uvaja in pojasnjuje glavne korake postopnega procesa od tega trenutka do dokončanja nacionalnih načrtov leta 2018, vključno z glavnimi vlogami in nalogami držav članic in Komisije. Komisija bo leta 2016 predložila zakonodajno pobudo za racionalizacijo zahtev glede načrtovanja in poročanja ter predstavila predlogo za strukturo nacionalnih načrtov na področju energije in podnebnih sprememb, da bi dopolnila in podrobneje opredelila te smernice. | This document launches and explains the main steps of the gradual process from now until the finalisation of national plans in 2018, including the main roles and tasks of both Member States and the Commission. In 2016, the Commission will present a legislative initiative on streamlining of planning and reporting requirements and present a template for the structure of national energy and climate plans in order to complement and further specify this Guidance. |
| 1.Splošna načela in področje uporabe nacionalnih načrtov | 1.General principles and scope of the national plans |
| Nacionalni načrti bi morali imeti celovit pristop in povezano obravnavati pet razsežnosti energetske unije, s čimer upoštevajo interakcije med različnimi razsežnostmi. Posebni elementi obstoječih načrtov se lahko ohranijo, odvisno od področja in periodičnosti procesov načrtovanja. Nacionalni načrt bi moral zajemati obdobje 2021–2030 in temeljiti na tem, kar bi morala vsaka država članica uresničiti v zvezi s svojimi politikami za leto 2020, ter vključevati tudi perspektivo do leta 2050. | The national plan should take a holistic approach and address the five dimensions of the Energy Union in an integrated way which recognises the interactions between the different dimensions. Specific elements of existing plans may be preserved depending on the area and periodicity of the planning processes. The national plan should cover the period from 2021 to 2030 and build upon what each Member State should deliver in relation to their policies for 2020 and also include a perspective until 2050. |
| Države članice imajo sicer pravico razviti politike, ki so primerne nacionalnim okoliščinam, vendar bi moral biti v nacionalnih načrtih smer nacionalnih ciljev in politik na področju energije in podnebnih sprememb začrtana v skladu z uresničevanjem skupaj dogovorjenih ciljev energetske unije, zlasti ciljev za leto 2030 (zmanjšanje emisij toplogrednih plinov, energija iz obnovljivih virov, energijska učinkovitost in čezmejne elektroenergetske povezave), o katerih se je oktobra 2014 dogovoril Evropski svet. Medtem ko se bo za zmanjšanje emisij v sektorjih, ki niso vključeni v ETS, pristop iz odločbe o porazdelitvi prizadevanj nadaljeval do leta 2030, bodo cilji na ravni EU glede energije iz obnovljivih virov in energijske učinkovitosti doseženi s skupnimi prizadevanji držav članic ter politikami in ukrepi na ravni EU. | While Member States have the right to develop policies suitable to national circumstances, national plans should set out the direction of national energy and climate objectives and policies in a way that is coherent with delivering on the commonly agreed objectives of the Energy Union, in particular the 2030 targets (greenhouse gas emission reductions, renewable energy, energy efficiency and electricity interconnections) agreed by the European Council in October 2014. While for emission reductions in the non-ETS sector the approach taken in the Effort Sharing Decision will be continued to 2030, the EU-level targets for renewable energy and energy efficiency will be met by collective efforts of the Member States as well as through policies and measures at EU level. |
| Zelo pomembno je, da nacionalni načrti omogočijo dolgoročno napovedljivost in gotovost za naložbe ter zagotovijo več sodelovanja in usklajenosti med pristopi držav članic pri politikah na področju podnebnih sprememb in energije. | It is very important that national plans provide long term predictability and certainty for investment and ensure greater cooperation and coherence among Member States' approaches on climate and energy policies. |
| 2.Vsebina nacionalnih načrtov | 2.Content of national plans |
| Nacionalni načrti bi morali zajemati obdobje 2021–2030, vključno s perspektivo do leta 2050, da bi zagotovili usklajenost z dolgoročnimi cilji politike na ravni EU in nacionalni ravni. | National plans should cover the period from 2021 to 2030, including a perspective until 2050 in order to ensure consistency with long-term policy objectives at the EU and national level. |
| Nacionalni načrti bi morali vključevati naslednje elemente: | National plans should include the following elements: |
| (a) Trenutno stanje | a) Current Situation |
| Pregled nacionalnega energetskega sistema in okvira politike nacionalnega načrta po vseh petih razsežnosti energetske unije (vključno z makroekonomskim okvirom, emisijami toplogrednih plinov, mešanico energijskih virov in stanjem v vsakem podsektorju energetskega sistema). | Overview of the national energy system and policy context of the national plan across the five dimensions of the Energy Union (including macroeconomic context, greenhouse gas emissions, energy mix and the situation in each subsector of the energy system). |
| Ocena stanja v smislu trenutnih politik in ukrepov na področju energije in podnebnih sprememb, vključno s podpornimi programi in davčnimi sistemi za energijo iz obnovljivih virov in energijsko učinkovitost, ki temelji na izkušnjah z doseganjem ciljev za leto 2020 na področju energije in podnebnih sprememb. | Assessment of the situation in terms of current energy and climate policies and measures, including support schemes and fiscal systems for renewable energy and energy efficiency, building on experiences with reaching 2020 targets for energy and climate. |
| Pregled ključnih vprašanj čezmejnega pomena, vključno s priložnostmi in izzivi za nadaljnje regionalno sodelovanje in integracijo. | Overview of key issues of cross-border relevance including opportunities and challenges for further regional cooperation and integration. |
| Upravna struktura izvajanja nacionalnih politik na področju energije in podnebnih sprememb, vključno z odgovornostmi glavnih upravnih organov in njihovih medsebojnih povezav. | The administrative structure of implementing national energy and climate policies, including responsibilities of main administrative bodies and their interactions. |
| Nacionalni načrti lahko temeljijo na obstoječih nacionalnih strategijah politike držav članic na področju energije in podnebnih sprememb za leto 2020, 2030 in poznejša leta v skladu s temi smernicami. | National plans may be built upon Member States' existing national energy and climate policy strategies for the years 2020, 2030 and beyond in accordance with this Guidance. |
| (b) Cilji, politike in ukrepi za pet razsežnosti | b) Objectives, policies and measures for the five dimensions |
| V nacionalnih načrtih bi morali biti opredeljeni cilji za vsako razsežnost energetske unije. Glede ciljev na področju energije do leta 2030 bi morali biti v načrtih opredeljeni nacionalni prispevki, ki so potrebni za skupno uresničevanje ciljev na ravni EU. Za emisije toplogrednih plinov v sektorjih, ki niso vključeni v ETS, bi morali biti v teh načrtih opredeljeni politike in ukrepi, načrtovani za doseganje zavezujočih letnih nacionalnih omejitev v skladu z revidirano odločbo o delitvi prizadevanj. | The national plans should define objectives for each dimension of the Energy Union. With regard to the 2030 targets for energy, the plans should set out national contributions needed to deliver collectively the EU-level targets. For greenhouse gas emissions in the non-ETS sectors, the plans should set out the policies and measures planned to meet the annual binding national limits set under the revised Effort Sharing Decision. |
| Opredeljena bi morala biti medsebojna povezava med različnimi razsežnostmi (npr. prispevek energije iz obnovljivih virov in energijske učinkovitosti k zmanjšanju emisij toplogrednih plinov, infrastrukturne potrebe, ki izhajajo iz večje uporabe obnovljivih virov energije, itd.). | The interaction between the different dimensions should be set out (e. g. the contribution of renewable energies and energy efficiency to greenhouse gas emission reduction, the infrastructure needs arising from a greater use of renewables etc.). |
| Načrt bi moral za vsak cilj vključevati opis politik in ukrepov, načrtovanih za doseganje teh ciljev. Vključena bi morala biti tudi ocena medsebojnega vpliva teh politik, da bi zagotovili usklajenost politike in se izognili predpisom, ki se prekrivajo. | For each objective, the plan should include a description of the policies and measures planned for meeting these objectives. This should also include an assessment of how these policies interact with each other to ensure policy coherence and avoid overlapping regulation. |
| Energetska varnost, solidarnost in zaupanje | Energy security, solidarity and trust |
| Srednje- do dolgoročni cilji in standardi v zvezi z zanesljivostjo oskrbe, vključno glede diverzifikacije virov energije in držav dobaviteljic, infrastrukture, shranjevanja, prilagajanja odjema, pripravljenosti za obvladovanje omejene ali prekinjene oskrbe iz nekega vira energije ter uvedbe alternativnih domačih virov. Cilji bi morali vključevati regionalno sodelovanje, ukrepi politike za dosego teh ciljev pa morajo biti regionalno usklajeni. V tem okviru bi morali nacionalni načrti temeljiti na posebnih načrtih za zanesljivost oskrbe (načrtih za oceno, preventivnih akcijskih načrtih in načrtih za izredne razmere), ki so pripravljeni v skladu z uredbo o zanesljivosti oskrbe s plinom. | Medium- to long-term objectives and standards relating to security of supply, including with regard to diversification of energy sources and supply countries, infrastructure, storage, demand response, readiness to cope with constrained or interrupted supply of an energy source, and the deployment of alternative domestic sources. The objectives should include regional cooperation and the policy measures to achieve these objectives should be regionally coordinated. In this context, national plans should build on the specific security of supply plans (assessment plans, preventive action plans and emergency plans) which are drawn up in accordance with the regulation on gas security of supply. |
| Strategije politike v zvezi z energetsko varnostjo v širšem smislu, vključno z drugimi ustreznimi izbirami politike, kot so tiste, ki se nanašajo na prihranke energije ali mešanico energijskih virov. | Policy strategies concerning energy security in the broader sense, including other relevant policy choices such as those relating to energy savings or the energy mix. |
| Splošni pristop politike, da se zagotovi zanesljivost zunanje oskrbe z energijo, vključno prek infrastrukture, in, kot je primerno, nameravani pristop k mednarodnim vladnim sporazumom s tretjimi državami, bi tudi moral biti vključen. | The general policy approach to ensure security of external energy supply, including through infrastructure and as applicable the intended approach to international governmental agreements with third countries should also be covered. |
| Povsem integrirani notranji energetski trg | A fully integrated internal energy market |
| Razvoj čezmejne elektroenergetske povezljivosti v obdobju 2021–2030 (razmerje med zmogljivostjo čezmejnega prenosa in nameščenimi proizvodnimi zmogljivostmi), na podlagi dogovorjenega cilja 15 % za leto 2030, ob upoštevanju posebnih dejavnikov v državah članicah, kot so stroški in morebitni trgovinski tokovi. Vključena bi morala biti tudi navedba glavnih projektov, predvidenih za dosego potrebne čezmejne povezljivosti do leta 2030. | Development of electricity interconnectivity from 2021 to 2030 (ratio between cross-border transmission capacity and installed generation capacity), with the agreed 15% target for 2030 in mind, taking into account Member State specific factors such as costs and potential trade flows. This should also include an indication of the main projects envisaged to achieve the necessary interconnectivity in a 2030 perspective. |
| Glede energetske infrastrukture je pomembno, kako bodo izvedeni nacionalni infrastrukturni projekti in projekti skupnega interesa, ki se nanašajo na državo članico, vključno s časovnico. V tem okviru bi morali nacionalni načrti temeljiti na uredbi o smernicah za vseevropsko energetsko infrastrukturo. | For energy infrastructure, how planned national infrastructure projects as well as the Projects of Common interest (PCIs) relating to the Member State will be implemented, including a time-line. In this context, national plans should build on the regulation on guidelines for trans-European energy infrastructure. |
| Cilji v zvezi s tržno konkurenco, integracijo in združevanjem trga, uvedbo prožnosti na energetskem trgu, vključno z razvojem kratkoročnih trgov, konkurenčnostjo energetskih trgov pri prilagajanju odjema ter postopno uvedbo pametnih tehnologij in pametnih omrežij. | Objectives with respect to market competition, market integration and coupling, deployment of flexibility in the power sector, including development of short term markets, demand response competitiveness of energy markets, and roll-out of smart technologies and smart grids. |
| Ocena posledic načrtovanih infrastrukturnih naložb in razvoja v proizvodnji električne energije na veleprodajne in maloprodajne cene energije ter integracijo trga z drugimi državami članicami. | Assessment of the implications of planned infrastructure investments and of developments in energy production on wholesale and retail energy prices and on market integration with other Member States. |
| Energijska učinkovitost, ki prispeva k zmanjšanju povpraševanja | Energy efficiency contributing to moderation of demand |
| Nacionalne politike in ukrepi, načrtovani v podporo doseganju dogovorjenega cilja glede energijske učinkovitosti na ravni EU, ki je vsaj 27 % (in ki bo revidiran do leta 2020 s ciljem povišanja na 30 %), ob upoštevanju pričakovanih prihrankov energije zaradi teh politik in ukrepov ter izvajanja veljavne zakonodaje EU. | National policies and measures planned to support the achievement of the agreed EU-level energy efficiency target of at least 27% (to be reviewed by 2020 with a view to 30%) taking into account the expected energy savings from these policies and measures as well as the implementation of existing EU legislation. |
| Razumen načrt za prihranke energije, količinsko opredeljen kot posledična stopnja porabe primarne in končne energije do leta 2030, je treba predložiti kot prispevek države članice k doseganju cilja EU. | A trajectory for energy savings to be quantified as the resulting level of primary as well as final energy consumption until 2030 should be provided as the Member State's contribution to achieving the EU target. |
| Nacionalne politike in ukrepi, načrtovani za povečanje energijske učinkovitosti v stavbnem sektorju. To vključuje nacionalne strategije za obnovo stavb in nacionalne programe naložb v energijsko učinkovitost. | National policies and measures planned to increase energy efficiency in the building sector. This includes national building renovation strategies and national energy efficiency investment programmes. |
| Razogljičenje gospodarstva | Decarbonisation of the economy |
| Načrtovane politike in ukrepi za zmanjšanje emisij toplogrednih plinov, ki zajemajo vse ključne sektorje, ki prispevajo emisije, vključno s prometnim in kmetijskim, da se do leto 2030 dosežejo zavezujoče nacionalne omejitve za sektorje, ki niso vključeni v ETS, ki se določijo v skladu z revidirano odločbo o delitvi prizadevanj, z razvojem dolgoročne vizije in ciljem postati nizkoogljično gospodarstvo (2050). | Planned policies and measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, covering all key emitting sectors, including transport and agriculture, to meet the annual binding national limits for the non-ETS sectors up to 2030 set under the revised Effort Sharing Decision, with an outlook to the long-term vision and goal to become a low-carbon economy (2050). |
| Nacionalne politike in ukrepi, načrtovani v podporo doseganju dogovorjenega zavezujočega cilja glede energije iz obnovljivih virov na ravni EU, ki je vsaj 27 %, ob upoštevanju izvajanja veljavne zakonodaje EU in perspektive do leta 2050. | National policies and measures planned to support the achievement of the agreed EU-level binding target for renewable energy of at least 27%, taking into account the implementation of existing EU legislation as well as a perspective up to 2050. |
| Načrt za delež energije iz obnovljivih virov v bruto porabi končne energije do leta 2030, vključno z načrti za ustrezne tehnologije in povpraševanje po električni energiji (nameščene zmogljivosti in proizvedeno energijo), je treba predložiti kot prispevek države članice, ki ga usmerja potreba po skupni uresničitvi cilja EU. | A trajectory for the share of renewable energy in gross final energy consumption until 2030, including trajectories for relevant technologies as well as for electricity demand (installed capacity and produced energy), should be provided as the Member State's contribution guided by the need to deliver collectively the EU target. |
| Ukrepi, ki jih je treba sprejeti zaradi povečanja prožnosti energetskega sistema glede pridobivanja energije iz obnovljivih virov. Status in načrti za združevanje in integracijo trga električne energije, regionalni ukrepi za uravnoteženje in rezerve ter način ocenjevanja ustreznosti sistema v okviru energije iz obnovljivih virov. Nacionalne politike in ukrepi, načrtovani v podporo drugim nizkoogljičnim tehnologijam. | Measures to be taken for increasing the flexibility of the energy system with regard to renewable energy production. Status and plans for electricity market coupling and integration, regional measures for balancing and reserves and how system adequacy is assessed in the context of renewable energy. National policies and measures planned to support other low carbon technologies. |
| Nacionalne politike in ukrepi, načrtovani v podporo razogljičenju prometa. | National policies and measures planned to support the decarbonisation of transport. |
| Če nameravajo države članice podpreti razvoj posebnih tehnologij, mora načrt vključevati tudi oceno posledic za cene energije in energetske službe ter integracijo trga z drugimi državami članicami. | If Member States intend to support development of specific technologies, the plan should also include an assessment of the implications for energy prices and energy utilities and on market integration with other Member States. |
| Raziskave, inovacije in konkurenčnost | Research, innovation and competitiveness |
| Cilji, politike in ukrepi, določeni na nacionalni ravni, da se zagotovi ustrezen prispevek k novemu evropskemu energetskemu pristopu na področju raziskav in inovacij, da se pospeši preoblikovanje energetskega sistema, zlasti k ukrepom integriranega strateškega načrta za energetsko tehnologijo (SET). | Objectives, policies and measures set at the national level to ensure an appropriate contribution to the new European energy R&I approach to accelerate energy system transformation, in particular to the actions of the Integrated Strategic Energy Technology (SET) Plan. |
| Nacionalne strategije politike ter programi financiranja za raziskave in inovacije na področjih energije iz obnovljivih virov, energijske učinkovitosti in drugih nizkoogljičnih tehnologij, vključno s prometnim sektorjem, ter njihova tržna sprejemljivost, vključno s strategijami v podporo raziskovalnim in tehnološkim institucijam. | National policy strategies and funding programmes for research and innovation in the areas of renewable energy, energy efficiency, and other low-carbon technologies including in the transport sector, as well as their market uptake, including strategies to support research and technology institutions. |
| Industrijske strategije politike glede konkurenčnosti sektorja nizkoogljične tehnologije in konkurenčnosti v širšem smislu, vključno s subvencijami, vplivom na rast, delovnimi mesti in spretnostmi, podsektorji, financiranjem in viri. | Industrial policy strategies concerning competitiveness of the low-carbon technology sector and competitiveness in a broader sense, including subsidies, the impact on growth, jobs and skills, subsectors, finance and resources. |
| Kot je primerno, cilji glede konkurenčnosti energetskega sistema in njegovega prispevka h konkurenčnosti gospodarstva kot taki ter mednarodni trgovini s tehnologijami in opremo EU na področju energetike ter k dostopu do trgov tretjih držav. | As applicable, objectives relating to the competitiveness of the energy system and its contribution to the competitiveness of the economy as such as well as to international trade in EU energy technologies and equipment and access to third country markets. |
| (c) Integrirane napovedi in kazalniki | c) Integrated projections and indicators |
| Nacionalni načrti bi morali vsebovati ločen oddelek o napovedih, kar je analitična podlaga načrta, vključno s sklici in scenariji politike, ki ocenjujejo ustrezne učinke predlaganih politik in ukrepov. Dvoletna poročila o napredku glede izvajanja nacionalnih programov bi morali temeljiti na ključnih kazalnikih, ki jih je Komisija razvila v sodelovanju z državami članicami, ter posodobljenih napovedih, politikah in ukrepih. | National plans should entail a separate section on projections as an analytical basis of the plan, including reference and policy scenarios assessing the relevant impacts of the policies and measures proposed. Biennial progress reports on the implementation of national plans should make use of key indicators developed by the Commission in cooperation with Member States as well as updated projections, policies and measures. |
| Zaradi medsektorske narave petih razsežnosti energetske unije obstaja potreba po oceni in potrjevanju ciljev politike in instrumentov na podlagi integriranih metodoloških orodij. Zato bi morali nacionalni načrti vključevati napovedi za obdobje do leta 2030 in po njem za energetski sistem in emisije toplogrednih plinov 1 , vključno s perspektivo do leta 2050. Napovedi bi morale upoštevati na primer makroekonomski okvir (kot sta pričakovani bruto domači proizvod in rast prebivalstva), strukturne spremembe gospodarstva, ki bodo verjetno vplivale na energetski sistem in emisije toplogrednih plinov, svetovne energetske trende (kot je mednarodni razvoj cen fosilnih goriv) ter cene ogljika, čezmejne omrežne povezave in stroške tehnologije. Komisija bo zagotovila tehnična priporočila za ta vprašanja, države članice pa bodo pojasnile, kje bi od tega odstopale, na primer zaradi zahtev modela. | Due to the cross-cutting nature of the five dimensions of the Energy Union, there is a need to assess and validate policy objectives and instruments based on integrated methodological tools. For this reason national plans should include projections for the period until 2030 and beyond for the energy system and for greenhouse gas emissions 1 , including a 2050 perspective. The projections should take account of, e.g. the macroeconomic context (such as expected Gross Domestic Products and population growth), structural changes to the economy likely to impact on the energy system and greenhouse gas emissions, global energy trends (such as international fossil fuel price developments) as well as carbon prices, cross-border grid interconnections, and technology costs. The Commission will provide technical recommendations on these issues, with Member States providing clarity where they would deviate from these, for instance due to model requirements. |
| V nacionalnem načrtu bi morala biti opredeljena vsaj dva scenarija: (i) referenčni scenarij, ki temelji na trenutnih trendih ter obstoječih politikah in ukrepih na ravni EU in nacionalni ravni, ter (ii) vsaj en scenarij politike, ki pomeni izvajanje predvidenih nacionalnih ciljev z dodatnimi politikami in ukrepi za pet razsežnosti energetske unije, vključno predvsem s cilji za leto 2030, kot so opredeljeni v nacionalnem načrtu. Tako bi bile poudarjene morebitne sinergije in kompromisne rešitve med politikami in ukrepi. | The national plan should set out at least two scenarios: (i) a reference scenario based on current trends and existing policies and measures at EU and national level; and (ii) at least one policy scenario reflecting the implementation of envisaged national objectives by additional policies and measures for the five dimensions of the Energy Union including notably the 2030 targets, as outlined in the national plan. Potential synergies and trade-offs between the policies and measures would then be highlighted. |
| Komisija lahko podpre države članice, tako da zagotovi podatke in analizo. Pomemben vložek bo nov referenčni scenarij EU na področju energetike, prometa in emisij toplogrednih plinov, pripravljen v tesnem sodelovanju z državami članicami in objavljen v prvi polovici leta 2016. Državam članicam bi lahko bili zagotovljeni tudi politike in scenariji občutljivosti, ki podpirajo njihovo strateško načrtovanje, opredeljujejo skupne izzive in ocenjujejo posledice izbir politike posameznih držav članic na doseganje skupnih ciljev energetske unije. Referenčni scenarij EU bo pomenil tudi podlago za oceno skupnih prispevkov držav članic k ciljem energetske unije. | The Commission can support Member States by providing data and analysis. An important input will be the new EU Energy, Transport and greenhouse gas emissions Reference Scenario, prepared in close cooperation with Member States and to be published in the first half of 2016. Policy and sensitivity scenarios could also be provided to Member States to support their strategic planning, identify common challenges and assess implications of individual Member States' policy choices on the achievement of common Energy Union objectives. The EU Reference Scenario will also represent a basis for assessing Member States' collective contributions to Energy Union objectives. |
| Nacionalne projekcije bi morale biti predložene pravočasno, da se omogoči združevanje na ravni EU in naknadna ocena splošnega stanja energetskega sistema in doseženega napredka. Zato bi morale biti predpostavke in trendi glavnih izidov modeliranja, ki opisujejo energetski sistem, predstavljeni jasno in pregledno. | National projections should be presented timely to allow EU-level aggregation and subsequent assessment of the overall state of the energy system and progress made. Therefore assumptions made as well as trends of the main modelling outcomes describing the energy system should be clearly and transparently presented. |
| Države članice bi morale v poročilih o napredku glede izvajanja nacionalnih programov uporabljati ključne kazalnike. Komisija na podlagi kazalnikov, predlaganih v okviru do leta 2030 za področje podnebnih sprememb in energije, in tistih, ki so že vključeni v informativne liste držav, v delovnem dokumentu služb Komisije 2 predstavlja koncept in prvo analizo ključnih kazalnikov za spremljanje napredka glede ciljev energetske unije. Predlaga kazalnike za pet razsežnosti energetske unije, na primer glede cen energije, konkurenčnosti, diverzifikacije uvoza energije, razogljičenja, raziskav in inovacij ali delovanja energetskega trga. | Member States should make use of key indicators in the progress reports on the implementation of their national plans. Building on the indicators proposed in the 2030 Framework for climate and energy and those already included in the country factsheets, the Commission is presenting in a Staff Working Document 2 a concept and first analysis of key indicators for monitoring progress towards the Energy Union objectives. It proposes indicators for the five dimensions of the Energy Union, for example on energy prices, competitiveness, the diversification of energy imports, decarbonisation, research and innovation or energy market functioning. |
| 3.Regionalno sodelovanje za vzpostavitev nacionalnih načrtov | 3.Regional cooperation to establish the national plans |
| Delujoča energetska unija od držav članic zahteva usklajevanje in sodelovanje pri razvoju energetskih politik. Zato bi morali nacionalni načrti od samega začetka temeljiti na regionalnih posvetovanjih. | A functioning Energy Union requires that Member States coordinate and cooperate among each other in developing their energy policies. National plans should therefore from the outset build on regional consultations. |
| Države članice bi morale opredeliti področja, ki so primerna za skupno ali usklajeno načrtovanje znotraj njihove regije, in se posvetovati s svojo regijo v zgodnji fazi pripravljalnega procesa. Različni nacionalni načrti v regiji bi se morali dopolnjevati in po možnosti medsebojno krepiti, ob uporabi nacionalnih prednosti za čim bolj varno in stroškovno učinkovito obravnavanje izzivov regije. Posebno pozornost je treba nameniti zagotavljanju usklajenega pristopa, ki zadeva razvoj novih virov energije in infrastrukture. | Member States should identify areas suitable for joint or coordinated planning within their region and should consult their region early on in the preparation process. The various national plans in a region should complement and where possible reinforce each other, using national strengths to address the region's challenges in the most secure and cost-effective way. Particular attention should be paid to ensuring a coordinated approach concerning the development of new energy resources and infrastructures. |
| Skupni pristopi in skupni cilji lahko povečajo dolgoročno napovedljivost in varnost naložb. Tako bi moralo usklajevanje nacionalnih politik tudi preprečevati škodljive pobude in ublažiti morebitne škodljive učinke nacionalnih politik za druge države članice. Zato bi morali načrti vsebovati oceno, kako bodo v njih predvideni cilji in politike vplivali na druge države članice v regiji in kako okrepiti regionalno sodelovanje po področjih politike in podsektorjih. | Common approaches and joint objectives can increase long-term predictability and investment certainty. Coordination of national policies should therefore also prevent adverse incentives and mitigate possible adverse effects of national policies for other Member States. Plans should therefore contain an assessment of how the envisaged objectives and policies in the plans will impact on other Member States in the region and how regional cooperation across policy areas and sub-sectors should be strengthened. |
| V ta namen se lahko uporabijo obstoječi forumi za okvir regionalnega sodelovanja, vključno z makroregionalnimi strategijami. Komisija bo dejavno sodelovala pri procesu in podpirala razvoj ustreznih novih forumov. Bistveno je, da so regije uravnotežene, kar omogoča sodelovanje prek več razsežnosti energetske unije. | Existing fora for regional cooperation framework, including macro-regional strategies, can be used for this purpose. The Commission will actively engage in the process and support the development of appropriate new fora. It is key that regions are balanced, enabling cooperation across several dimensions of the Energy Union. |
| Komisija bo državam članicam zagotovila podrobnejše smernice o regionalnem sodelovanju v okviru izvajanja ciljev energetske unije v letu 2016. | The Commission will provide more detailed guidance to Member States on regional cooperation in the context of the implementation of the Energy Union objectives in 2016. |
| 4.Poročila o izvajanju načrtov in posodobitve | 4.Reports on implementation of the plans and updates |
| Države članice bi o izvajanju nacionalnih načrtov morale pripraviti poročila vsaki dve leti, pri čemer se bo poročanje začelo leta 2020. Ta poročila o izvajanju bodo pomemben instrument pri pomoči vsem državam članicam, da bodo spremljale dogajanje pri izvajanju ciljev energetske unije. | Member States should provide progress reports every two years on the implementation of national plans starting in 2020. These implementation reports will be an important instrument in helping all Member States to see what is happening in implementing the Energy Union objectives. |
| Komisija bo o napredku poročala v letnem poročilu o stanju energetske unije. | The Commission will report on progress in its annual report on the State of the Energy Union. |
| Posodobitev nacionalnih načrtov je predvidena enkrat v obdobju 2021–2030, da bi upoštevali spreminjajoče se okoliščine in spremembe za doseganje skupaj dogovorjenih ciljev energetske unije, zlasti ciljev na področju podnebnih sprememb in energije do leta 2030. Kar zadeva posebne ukrepe politike v nacionalnih načrtih, se lahko po potrebi predvidijo dodatne posodobitve. | Updating of national plans is foreseen once during the period from 2021 to 2030 to take account of changing circumstances and amendments in view of delivering on the commonly agreed objectives of the Energy Union, in particular the 2030 targets for climate and energy. As regards specific policy measures of the national plans, additional updates may be foreseen if necessary. |
| 5.Postopek in časovni razpored | 5.Process and timeline |
| Priprava nacionalnih načrtov bo dinamičen proces. Čeprav bo izid prihodnjih zakonodajnih postopkov v zvezi s ključno povezano zakonodajo EU vplival na zasnovo in izvajanje nacionalnih politik, se mora postopek razvoja nacionalnih načrtov začeti leta 2016, tako da bodo lahko načrti dokončani precej pred letom 2020, ob upoštevanju povezane zakonodaje EU. | The preparation of the national plans will be a dynamic process. Even though the outcome of the upcoming legislative processes for the key related EU legislation will have an impact on the design and implementation of national policies, the process of developing national plans needs to start in 2016 so that the plans can be finalised well before 2020 taking into account related EU legislation. |
| Obstoječe obveznosti načrtovanja in poročanja za področja politike z obstoječimi cilji do leta 2020 bodo ostale nespremenjene do leta 2020. Poročila bodo časovno usklajena z novim postopkom za nacionalne načrte na področju energije in podnebnih sprememb. Komisija bo za obdobje po letu 2020 predstavila zakonodajno pobudo o racionalizaciji zahtev v zvezi z načrtovanjem in poročanjem v letu 2016, da bi se zmanjšalo upravno breme in zagotovile skladnost, poenostavitev in doslednost med različnimi tokovi načrtovanja in poročanja, hkrati pa ohranila kakovost sporočenih informacij in podatkov. Komisija in države članice bi morale biti sposobne konsolidirati in racionalizirati določen obseg priprave poročil pred letom 2020, in sicer kjer se to lahko stori brez zakonodajnih sprememb in vpliva na bistvene obveznosti. Komisija že kaže smer pri konsolidaciji rednih poročil s prvim poročilom o stanju energetske unije. | Existing planning and reporting obligations for policy areas with existing 2020 targets will remain unchanged until the year 2020. Reports would be synchronised with the new process of national energy and climate plans. For the period beyond 2020, the Commission will present a legislative initiative on streamlining of planning and reporting requirements in 2016 in order to reduce administrative burden and ensure coherence, simplification and consistency between the various planning and reporting streams while maintaining the quality of reported information and data. The Commission and Member States should already be able to consolidate and streamline a certain amount of reporting before 2020, where this can be done without legislative changes and without impacting on the substantive obligations. The Commission is already showing the way in its consolidation of periodic reports with the first State of the Energy Union. |
| Časovni razpored za razvoj nacionalnih načrtov na področju energije in podnebnih sprememb, iz katerega so razvidne ustrezne dejavnosti držav članic in Komisije, je predstavljen v preglednici na koncu tega oddelka. | The timeline for developing national energy and climate plans, which shows the relevant activities of Member States and the Commission, is presented in the table at the end of this section. |
| Države članice so pozvane, naj do jeseni leta 2016 predložijo prve rezultate integriranih napovedi za referenčni scenarij. Začeti je treba regionalne razprave z drugimi državami članicami. V istem letu bo Komisija dokončala referenčni scenarij EU za leto 2016, zagotovila predlogo za nacionalne načrte in izdala smernice o regionalnem sodelovanju. Med letom 2016 bodo predstavljeni ustrezni zakonodajni predlogi glede revidirane odločbe o delitvi prizadevanj, energije iz obnovljivih virov, energijske učinkovitosti, zasnove trga ter racionalizacije obveznosti načrtovanja in poročanja. | By autumn 2016 Member States are invited to present first results of their integrated projections for a reference scenario. Regional discussions with other Member States should be initialised. In the same year, the Commission will finalise the EU Reference Scenario 2016, provide a template for national plans, and issue guidance on regional cooperation. The relevant legislative proposals on the revised Effort Sharing Decision, renewable energy, energy efficiency, market design, and streamlining of planning and reporting obligations will be presented in the course of 2016. |
| Leta 2017 bi se morali začeti nacionalni politični postopki v zvezi z načrti, da bi omogočili široko politično potrjevanje načrtov na nacionalni ravni, ter končati regionalna posvetovanja in posvetovanja z deležniki. Do marca 2017 je treba Komisiji predložiti integrirane napovedi, ki zajemajo referenčne scenarije in scenarije politike 3 . Te napovedi bodo ključni vložek za nacionalne načrte držav članic. Osnutke nacionalnih načrtov je treba Komisiji predložiti v letu 2017, nato pa bo organizirano posvetovanje z drugimi državami članicami in Komisijo, predvsem za skupno doseganje energetskih ciljev na ravni EU. Komisija bo nato izdala priporočila v zvezi z osnutki nacionalnih načrtov in jih predstavila v naslednjem poročilu o stanju energetske unije. | In 2017, national political process on the plans should be initialised in order to allow for broad political validation of the plans at the national level and regional and stakeholder consultations finalised. By March 2017 integrated projections should be provided to the Commission covering both a reference and policy scenarios. 3 These projections will form a key input to Member States' national plans. Draft national plans should be submitted to the Commission in 2017, after which a consultation with other Member States and the Commission will be organised, in particular with a view to collectively achieving EU-level energy targets and objectives. Subsequently, the Commission will issue recommendations on draft national plans and present them in subsequent State of the Energy Union. |
| Končne načrte je treba Komisiji predložiti v letu 2018, ob upoštevanju posvetovanj z drugimi državami članicami, priporočil Komisije in zadevne zakonodaje EU. Komisija bo nato izdala poročilo o stanju energetske unije, ki bo vključevalo prvo skupno oceno nacionalnih načrtov na področju energije in podnebnih sprememb. | In 2018, final plans should be submitted to the Commission, taking into account consultations with other Member States, Commission recommendations and relevant EU legislation. The Commission will subsequently issue the State of the Energy Union including a first aggregate assessment of national energy and climate plans. |
| Komisija bo glede ciljev za leto 2030, ki se nanašajo na energijo iz obnovljivih virov in energijsko učinkovitost, dogovorjenih na ravni EU, ocenila skupna prizadevanja, predstavljena v nacionalnih načrtih držav članic, glede doseganja teh ciljev. Politike in ukrepi na ravni EU za dopolnitev nacionalnih prizadevanj pri zagotovitvi doseganja cilja bodo med drugim predstavljeni v novi direktivi o spodbujanju uporabe energije iz obnovljivih virov in prenovljeni direktivi o energijski učinkovitosti, ki ju bo Komisija predstavila leta 2016. Posebna uporaba nekaterih od teh ukrepov bo opredeljena pozneje na podlagi skupnih prizadevanj držav članic, predstavljenih v njihovih nacionalnih načrtih, in poročil o napredku, in sicer za uresničitev ciljev energetske unije. | As regards the 2030 targets for renewable energy and energy efficiency agreed at EU level, the Commission will assess collective efforts presented in Member States' national plans in view of delivering on these targets. Policies and measures at EU level to complement national efforts in ensuring target delivery will, inter alia, be laid out in the new Renewable Energy Directive and the reviewed Energy Efficiency Directive to be presented by the Commission in 2016. The specific application of some of these measures will be determined at a later stage based on Member States' collective efforts presented in their national plans and on progress reports in view of delivering on the Energy Union objectives. |
| Komisija bo med tem procesom organizirala redne sestanke in sodelovala v dialogu z državami članicami, da bi zagotovila tehnično podporo, spremljala pripravljenost načrtov in razpravljala, kako naprej. | Along the process, the Commission will organise regular meetings and engage in dialogue with Member States to provide technical support, take stock of the preparation of the plans and discuss the way forward. |
| Pri upravljanju bo zagotovljena ustrezna vključenost vseh zadevnih evropskih institucij, predvsem Sveta in Evropskega parlamenta. | In the governance process, adequate involvement of all relevant European Institutions, notably the Council and the European Parliament, will be ensured. |
| Preglednica: Časovni razpored za razvoj nacionalnih načrtov na področju energije in podnebnih sprememb | Table: Timeline for developing national energy and climate plans |
| Države članice | Evropska komisija | Member States | European Commission |
| 2016 | Začetek razvoja splošne strategije, glavnih ciljev in pregleda politik nacionalnih načrtov na področju energije in podnebnih sprememb | Razvoj integriranih metodoloških orodij za pripravo referenčnih scenarijev in scenarijev politike kot analitične podlage za nacionalne načrte in predstavitev prvih rezultatov referenčnega scenarija | Začetek posvetovanj o nacionalnih načrtih z deležniki | Začetek regionalnih razprav z drugimi državami članicami o pripravi nacionalnih načrtov | Dokončanje referenčnega scenarija EU za leto 2016 v sodelovanju z državami članicami | Zagotovitev predloge za nacionalne načrte, vključno z glavnimi spremenljivkami in parametri za integrirane nacionalne napovedi | Zagotovitev smernic o regionalnem sodelovanju | Predstavitev zakonodajnih predlogov glede revidirane odločbe o delitvi prizadevanj, energije iz obnovljivih virov, energijske učinkovitosti (vključno s stavbnim sektorjem), zasnove trga ter racionalizacije obveznosti načrtovanja in poročanja | Organizacija tehničnih sestankov z državami članicami, na primer v zvezi z metodološkimi orodji in ključnimi kazalniki | Objava drugega poročila o stanju energetske unije | 2016 | Start to develop overarching strategy, main objectives and overview of policies of national energy and climate plans | Develop integrated methodological tools to prepare a reference and policy scenarios as the analytical basis of national plans and present first results of reference scenario | Start national stakeholder consultations on national plans | Start regional discussions with other Member States on the preparation of national plans | Finalise, in collaboration with Member States, the EU Reference Scenario 2016 | Provide template for national plans, including on main variables and parameters for national integrated projections | Provide guidance on regional cooperation | Present legislative proposals on the revised Effort Sharing Decision, renewable energy, energy efficiency (including for the buildings sector), market design, and streamlining of planning and reporting obligations | Hold technical meetings with Member States e.g. on methodological tools as well as key indicators | Issue 2nd State of the Energy Union |
| 2017 | Dokončanje posvetovanj z deležniki in regionalnih posvetovanj o nacionalnih načrtih | Sodelovanje v nacionalnem političnem procesu v zvezi z nacionalnimi načrti | Predložitev integriranih napovedi, ki zajemajo referenčne scenarije in scenarije politike, Komisiji | Predložitev osnutkov nacionalnih načrtov Komisiji na podlagi smernic o nacionalnih načrtih in predloge Komisije | Zagotovitev tehnične podpore državam članicam za pripravo nacionalnih načrtov | Pospeševanje in podpiranje regionalnih posvetovanj z drugimi državami članicami o nacionalnih načrtih, vključno z vzpostavitvijo ustreznih forumov | Organizacija posvetovanja o osnutkih nacionalnih načrtov z državami članicami in predložitev priporočil o osnutkih načrtov | Objava tretjega poročila o stanju energetske unije | 2017 | Finalise stakeholder consultations and regional consultations on national plans | Engage in national political process on national plans | Provide integrated projections to the Commission covering both a reference and policy scenarios | Submit draft national plans to the Commission based on Commission Guidance on national plans and template | Provide technical support to Member States on the preparation of national plans | Facilitate and support regional consultations with other Member States on national plans including establishment of appropriate fora | Organise consultation with Member States of draft national plans and provide recommendations on draft plans | Issue 3rd State of the Energy Union |
| 2018 | Dokončanje nacionalnih načrtov, ob upoštevanju medsebojnega strokovnega pregleda držav članic in priporočil Komisije | Predložitev končnih nacionalnih načrtov na področju energije in podnebnih sprememb | Zagotovitev podpore državam članicam pri dokončanju nacionalnih načrtov | Objava četrtega poročila o stanju energetske unije, ki bo vključevalo prvo skupno oceno nacionalnih načrtov na področju energije in podnebnih sprememb ter bo predstavljeno Svetu in Evropskemu parlamentu | 2018 | Finalise national plans, taking into account Member States' peer review and Commission recommendations | Submit final national energy and climate plans | Provide support to Member States in finalising national plans | Issue 4th State of the Energy Union including first aggregate assessment of national energy and climate plans to be presented to Council and Parliament |
| (1) | (1) |
| Izpolnjene morajo biti zahteve glede poročanja o napovedih toplogrednih plinov iz uredbe o mehanizmu spremljanja. | Requirements under the Monitoring Mechanism Regulation on reporting of greenhouse gas projections shall be complied with. |
| (2) | (2) |
| SWD(2015) 243. | SWD(2015)243. |
| (3) | (3) |
| Datum, ki je določen, bo zaradi poenostavitve omogočal, da se te napovedi uporabijo za izpolnitev obveznosti glede poročanja o napovedih toplogrednih plinov v skladu z uredbo o mehanizmu spremljanja. | For simplification purposes, the date set will allow to use these projections to fulfil Greenhouse gas projection reporting requirements under the Monitoring Mechanism Regulation. |
