52013SC0334

COMMISSION STAFF WORKING DOCUMENT

EU international cooperation frameworks and agreements relevant to the energy sector

Accompanying the document

Report from the Commission to the Council, the European Parliament and the European Economic and Social Committee

Implementation of the Communication on Security of Energy Supply and International Cooperation and of the Energy Council Conclusions of November 2011

1.         EU's existing international instruments

Country / groups of countries || Political instruments || Bilateral legal instruments || Multilateral legal instruments

Energy dialogue || Memorandum of Understanding || ENP Action Plan / Roadmap / Association Agenda || Other || PCA/Association Agreement /SAA / Framework Agreement || FTA/ DCFTA /Non-preferential agreements /TA /EEA/Investment Agreement || Euratom agreements || Science and technology cooperation agreement || Energy Community || Energy Charter Treaty || WTO || Non-proliferation treaty || ITER agreement

Enlargement countries

Albania || || || || x1 || x || x || || x2 || x || x || x || x ||

Bosnia and Herzegovina || || || || x1 || (x)3 || x || || x2 || x || x || || x ||

Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia || || || || || x || x || x4 || x2 || x || x || x || x ||

Iceland || || || || || || x || || x2 || || (x)3 || x || x ||

Montenegro || || || || x1 || x || x || || x2 || x || || (x)3 || x ||

Serbia || || || || || (x)3 || x || || x2 || x || || (x)3 || x ||

Turkey || || || || x1,5 || x || x || || x2 || (x)6 || x || x || x ||

Kosovo[1] || || || || || x || || || || x || || || ||

ENP - Eastern Partnership

Armenia || || || x || x5,7,8 || x9 || (x)3 || || || (x)6 || x || x || x ||

Azerbaijan || x || x || x || x5,7,8 || x9 || (x)3 || || || || x || (x)3 || x ||

Belarus[2] || x || x10 || || (x)11,3; x5,7,8 || || || || || || (x)3 || (x)3 || x ||

Georgia || || || x || x5,7,8 || x9 || (x)3 || || || (x)6 || x || x || x ||

Republic of Moldova || x || || x || x5,7,8 || x9 || (x)3 || || || x || x || x || x ||

Ukraine || x || x || x || x5,7,8 || x9 || (x)3 || x; x12,13 || x || x || x || x || x ||

ENP - Southern Neighbourhood

Algeria || x || x || (x)3 || x1,7 || x || x || || || || (x)6 || (x)3 || x ||

Egypt || x || x || x || x1,7 || x || x || || x || || (x)6 || x || x ||

Israel || x || || x || x1,7 || x || x || || x2 || || || x || ||

Jordan || || || x || x1,7 || x || x || || x || || (x)6 || x || x ||

Lebanon || || || x || x1,7 || x || x || || || || || || x ||

Libya[3] || || || || x7 || || (x)3 || || || || || (x)3 || x ||

Morocco || x || x10 || x || x1,7 || x || x9 || || x || || (x)6 || x || x ||

Occupied Palestinian Territory || || || x || x1,7 || x || x || || || || (x)6 || || ||

Syria3 || || || || x1,7 || (x)3 || x || || || || (x)6 || (x)3 || x ||

Tunisia || || || x || x1,7 || x || x || || x || || (x)6 || x || x ||

Other key supplier and transit countries

Australia || || || || x14 || || || x || x || || (x)3 || x || x ||

Brazil || x || || || x15 || x || (x)3,16 ||  x13 || x || || || x || x ||

Canada || x || || || x17 || x9 || (x)3 || x9,18 || x || || (x)6 || x || x ||

Iran[4] || x || || || || (x)3 || x || || || || (x)6 || || x ||

Iraq || x || x || || || x || x || || || || || || x ||

Kazakhstan || x || x || || x5 || x || x || x; x12,13 || || || x || (x)3 || x ||

Mozambique || || || || x19 || || x || || || || || x || x ||

Nigeria || || || || x20 || || x || || || || (x)6 || x || x ||

Norway || x || || || x || || x || || x2 || (x)6 || (x)3 || x || x ||

Republic of South Africa || x || || || x21 || x || x || (x)3 || x || || || x || x ||

Russian Federation || x || x || || x5,6; x11 || x9 || x9 || (x)3; x12,13 || x || || (x)22 || x || x || x

Switzerland || || || || || || x || x4,13 || x2 || || x || x || x ||

Turkmenistan || x || x || || x5 || (x)3 || || || || || x || || x ||

Uzbekistan || x || x || || || x || x || x || || || x || (x)3 || x ||

Venezuela || || || || x || || || || || || (x)6 || x || x ||

Industrialised countries and fast growing economies

Argentina || || || || || x || (x)3,16 || x || x || || || x || x ||

Chile || || || || || x || x || || x || || || x || x ||

China || x || x || || x23 || x9 || || x18 || x || || (x)6 || x || x || x

India || x || || || x24 || x || (x)3 || (x)18,3; x13 || x || || || x || || x

Japan || x || || || x25 || (x)3 || (x)3 || x; x26,13 || x || || x || x || x || x

Republic of South Korea || || || || || x || x || x13 || x || || (x)6 || x || x || x

US || x || || || || || (x)3 || x; x12,13 || x || || (x)6 || x || x || x

Regional groupings

African Caribbean Pacific (ACP) || || || || x27,28 || || x29 || || || || || || ||

African Union || x || || || || || || || || || || || ||

Andean Community || || || || x30 || || x31 || || || || || || ||

The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) || x || || || x32 || || (x)31 || || || || (x)6 || || ||

Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) || x || || || || || (x)3 || || || || || || ||

Southern Common Market (Mercosur) || || || ||   || (x)3,33 || (x)3 || || || || || || ||

List of agreements referenced:

1              The Union for the Mediterranean

2              Associated to Framework Programme 7 (FP7)

3              Pending

4              ECURIE agreement

5              Baku Initiative

6              Observer

7              European Neighbourhood Policy

8              Eastern Partnership

9              New agreement replacing one under negotiation/pending

10           Energy Declaration

11           Early Warning Mechanism

12           Agreement on nuclear safety

13           Agreements on fusion research

14           EU-Australia Partnership Framework

15           EU-Brazil Joint Action Plan

16           EU-Mercosur Free Trade Agreement

17           EU-Canada Partnership Agenda

18           Agreement on nuclear research

19           Brazil-Africa-EU Initiative on bio-energy development in African countries

20           The EU-Nigeria Joint Way Forward

21           EU-South Africa Strategic Partnership Joint Action Plan

22           Withdrew provisional application

23           EU-China Partnership on Climate Change

24           EU-India Strategic Partnership Joint Action Plan

25           Action Plan for EU-Japan Cooperation

26           Broader approach agreement

27           Economic Partnership Agreement between the EU-ACP states

28           Africa-EU Energy Partnership

29           Economic Partnership Agreements

30           Political Dialogue & Cooperation Agreement (pending), The Rio Group (forum of political consultation)

31           FTAs with individual members

32           Asia-Europe Meeting (ASEM)

33           International Framework Cooperation Agreement in place

List of Acronyms:

DCFTA  Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Agreement

EaP         Eastern Partnership

EC           European Commission

EEA        European Economic Area

ENP        European Neighbourhood Policy

EWM     Early Warning Mechanism

FTA        Free Trade Agreement

MoU       Memorandum of Understanding

PCA        Partnership and Cooperation Agreement

SAA       Stabilisation and Association Agreement

TCA       Trade and Cooperation Agreement

UN          United Nations

WTO      World Trade Organization

2.         International organisations and initiatives relevant to the energy sector

International organisations and initiatives || Type of organisation / Initiative || Energy topics covered || Constituency ||   EU/EC involvement

Baku Initiative || Regional cooperation initiative || Energy efficiency, renewable energy, oil and gas transportation || Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Russian Federation as observer || EC participation at Ministerials; EC chairs bi-annual INOGATE meetings

Black Sea Economic Cooperation (BSEC) || International initiative || Energy efficiency, renewable energy, oil and gas transportation || Black Sea littoral countries, Greece, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Moldova, Albania, Serbia || Involvement at Member State Level, EC as Observer

Black Sea Synergy || Regional cooperation initiative || Strengthening regional energy cooperation, energy infrastructure, energy security || Black Sea littoral states and Armenia, Azerbaijan, Moldova and Greece || Involvement at Member State level

Baltic Sea Baltic Sea Energy Co-operation (BASREC) as a part of the Council of the Baltic Sea States (CBSS) || Intergovernmental organisation, initiated by the EC and the Baltic Sea countries || Energy, infrastructure, energy efficiency, renewable energy, clean coal technologies || 11 Baltic Sea countries, EC, and 11 Observers, 15 Strategic Partners (incl. OECD) || Participation in Senior official meetings

Barents – Euro – Arctic Council Joint Energy Working Group (BEAC JEWG) || Intergovernmental and interregional cooperation initiative || Energy efficiency, renewable energy || Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Russia, Sweden, EC. || Participation in meetings of the Working Group.

Eastern Partnership Platform 3 on energy security || Regional cooperation initiative || Energy market convergence, sustainable energy, renewable energy, energy efficiency || Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Moldova and Ukraine || EC chairs the Platform and organises seminars; participation at Member State level

Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI) || International initiative || Improved governance in resource-rich countries through the verification and full publication of company payments and government revenues from oil, gas and mining || Australia, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Germany, Finland, France, Italy, Japan, The Netherlands, Norway, Qatar, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, USA as supporting countries; Norway is EITI Compliant country || EC participates in the work of the EITI Board and the Multi-Donor Trust Fund (MDTF) Steering Committee; EU financial support to Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative through the Africa-EU Energy Partnership of the Joint Africa-EU Strategy and MDTF;12 EU Member States are donors and supporters of the initiative

Carbon Sequestration Leadership Forum (CSLF) || International initiative || Carbon capture and storage || 25 members, including 24 countries and the European Commission. 8 EU Member States are members of the Forum || EC and Member States participation

Clean Energy Ministerial(CEM) || High level forum || Clean energy technology || Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, Denmark, the European Commission, Finland, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Korea, Mexico, Norway, Russia, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, the United Arab Emirates, the United Kingdom, and the United States || EC and Member States participation

International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) || International organization || Nuclear energy || 151 member countries, including all 27 EU Member States || EU Member States participate as full members; Euratom Community is an observer, represented by the EC

International Energy Agency (IEA) || International organization || Energy security, markets analysis, energy policy analysis, statistics, energy technology, global energy dialogue || 28 member countries, including Australia, Canada, Japan, New Zealand, Republic of Korea, Turkey, the US, and 19 of the EU Member States. Estonia and Chile are accession countries || Full participation of the EU in IEA activitie; involvement at Member State level

International Energy Forum (IEF) || International initiative || Global energy dialogue || Energy Ministers from 89 countries, accounting for around 90% of global oil and gas supply and demand || Participation of the EC in the Informal Support Group of the IEF; contribution by Eurostat to the Joint Organisations Data Initiative (JODI);participation in Ministerial meetings

International Partnership for the Hydrogen and Fuel Cells in the Economy (IPHE) || International initiative || Hydrogen and fuel cells technological development || 18 members, including US, Japan, China, India, Brazil, the EC || Participation of the EC in steering committee (SC)

International Partnership for Energy Efficiency Cooperation (IPEEC) || International initiative || Energy efficiency || Large developing and developed economies, including the EU, representing up to 75% of global GDP and energy-use || EU and 4 EU Member States are IPEEC members; EU is involved in the Executive Committee and Policy Committee, and in specific Task Groups

International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) || International organization || Promotion of renewable energy worldwide || 115 countries and the EU are members; 45 countries are signatories/ applicants for membership || EU participation as a member, alongside 24 Member States

International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) || International initiative || Proving the commercial viability of atomic fusion || EU, Japan, China, South Korea, Russia, India, the US || Participation in the ITER Council

G8 || High level forum || Broad range of energy topics || Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Russia, UK, USA, EU || Participation in Summits, Ministerial meetings and relevant working groups

G20 || High level forum. Infrastructure investment. Global protection of marine environment. || Price volatility and market transparency, green growth and energy efficiency, phasing-out fossil fuel subsidies, promoting investment in energy infrastructure and global marine environment protection || Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Republic of Korea, Turkey, UK, USA, EU || Participation in Summits, Ministerial meetings and relevant working groups

Global Carbon Capture and Storage Institute (GCCSI) || International initiative || Carbon capture and storage || Government, industry, non-government bodies and research organisations in the field of CCS || EC participates as calloborating participant and several Member States (DE, FR, IT, NL, UK, RO, SE, BU, ES) participate as members; frequent participation in technical meetings on knowledge sharing and CCS demonstration

Global Gas Flaring Reduction Partnership (GGFR) || International initiative || Gas flaring, carbon credits financing and related regulation || National oil/gas companies, the World Bank, the OPEC Secretariat and the EU || Participation in Steering Committee meetings and financial contribution

Global Bioenergy Partnership || International initiative || Biomass for energy, including sustainability, investments, R&D || Partners: 23 countries and 13 international organizations and institutions, including European Commission and 7EU Member States (FR,DE, IT, NL,ES,SE, UK) Observers: 22 countries and 11 international organizations and institutions, including 2 EU Member States (AT, DK) || EU participation as a Partner;iInvolvement in the work of the Steering Group, working groups and events

Major Economies Forum || International initiative || Climate change || 17 major economies: Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, EU, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Korea, Mexico, Russia, South Africa, UK, and the US || EU participation as a member of the Forum; participation at Member State level

Methane to Market Partnership || International initiative || Cost-effective, near-term methane recovery and use as a clean energy source; reduction of global methane emissions to enhance economic growth; energy security; air quality and industrial safety || 38 member countries and the EC, representing over 60% of global methane emissions, mostly from North and South America, Asia and Oceania || EC involvement in Project Network, in the Coal Mines Subcommittee, and the Subcommittee on Oil and Gas

Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA) || International organisation || Nuclear energy || 30 countries in Europe, North America and the Asia-Pacific, including 20 EU Member States || EC takes part in the work of NEA (according to Supplementary Protocol No. 1 to the OECD Convention)

Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) || International energy organisation || Global oil markets || 12 oil exporting countries. || EU-OPEC high-level energy dialogue

Organisation for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) || International organisation || General crisis management and conflict prevention, including environmental aspects. || 56 states from North America, Europe and Asia || The EU participates in all proceedings and may speak on behalf of the Member States where the issue under discussion mainly falls under EU competence

United Nations Commission for Sustainable Development (UNCSD) || International organisation || Environmental and sustainable development. Reviewing progress of the implementation of Agenda 21 and the Rio Declaration on Environment and Development || 53 selected members of UN for a three-year term || Participation at EC level

United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) || International organisation || Gas, energy efficiency, electricity production from coal and other fossil fuels, coal mine methane || 56 countries from Europe, the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) and North America, including all EU Member States || EC participates to meetings of certain UNECE bodies; involvement at Member State level

United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC); Kyoto Protocol || International agreement || Climate change || 195 Parties to the Convention, including the EU and its Member States || Full EU participation as a party

[1]               This designation is without prejudice to positions on status, and is in line with UNSCR 1244/1999 and the ICJ Opinion on the Kosovo declaration of independence

[2]               EU sanctions/restrictive measures in place

[3]               EU sanctions/restrictive measures in place

[4]               EU sanctions/restrictive measures in place