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Document 02017R1131-20240109
Regulation (EU) 2017/1131 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 June 2017 on money market funds (Text with EEA relevance)Text with EEA relevance
Consolidated text: Regulation (EU) 2017/1131 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 June 2017 on money market funds (Text with EEA relevance)Text with EEA relevance
Regulation (EU) 2017/1131 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 June 2017 on money market funds (Text with EEA relevance)Text with EEA relevance
02017R1131 — EN — 09.01.2024 — 002.001
This text is meant purely as a documentation tool and has no legal effect. The Union's institutions do not assume any liability for its contents. The authentic versions of the relevant acts, including their preambles, are those published in the Official Journal of the European Union and available in EUR-Lex. Those official texts are directly accessible through the links embedded in this document
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REGULATION (EU) 2017/1131 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 14 June 2017 on money market funds (OJ L 169 30.6.2017, p. 8) |
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COMMISSION DELEGATED REGULATION (EU) 2018/990 of 10 April 2018 |
L 177 |
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13.7.2018 |
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REGULATION (EU) 2023/2869 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 13 December 2023 |
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20.12.2023 |
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REGULATION (EU) 2017/1131 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL
of 14 June 2017
on money market funds
(Text with EEA relevance)
CHAPTER I
General provisions
Article 1
Subject matter and scope
This Regulation applies to collective investment undertakings that:
require authorisation as UCITS or are authorised as UCITS under Directive 2009/65/EC or are AIFs under Directive 2011/61/EU;
invest in short-term assets; and
have distinct or cumulative objectives offering returns in line with money market rates or preserving the value of the investment.
Article 2
Definitions
For the purposes of this Regulation, the following definitions apply:
‘short-term assets’ means financial assets with a residual maturity not exceeding 2 years;
‘money market instruments’ means money market instruments as defined in Article 2(1)(o) of Directive 2009/65/EC, and instruments as referred to in Article 3 of Commission Directive 2007/16/EC ( 1 );
‘transferable securities’ means transferable securities as defined in Article 2(1)(n) of Directive 2009/65/EC, and instruments as referred to in Article 2(1) of Directive 2007/16/EC;
‘repurchase agreement’ means any agreement in which one party transfers securities or any rights related to that title to a counterparty, subject to a commitment to repurchase them at a specified price on a future date specified or to be specified;
‘reverse repurchase agreement’ means any agreement in which one party receives securities, or any rights related to a title or security from a counterparty subject to a commitment to sell them back at a specified price on a future date specified or to be specified;
‘securities lending’ and ‘securities borrowing’ mean any transaction in which an institution or its counterparty transfers securities subject to a commitment that the borrower will return equivalent securities at some future date or when requested to do so by the transferor, that transaction being known as ‘securities lending’ for the institution transferring the securities and being known as ‘securities borrowing’ for the institution to which they are transferred;
‘securitisation’ means securitisation as defined in Article 4(1)(61) of Regulation (EU) No 575/2013;
‘mark-to-market’ means the valuation of positions at readily available close out prices that are sourced independently, including exchange prices, screen prices, or quotes from several independent reputable brokers;
‘mark-to-model’ means any valuation which is benchmarked, extrapolated or otherwise calculated from one or more market input;
‘amortised cost method’ means a valuation method which takes the acquisition cost of an asset and adjusts that value for amortisation of premiums or discounts until maturity;
‘public debt constant net asset value MMF’ or ‘public debt CNAV MMF’ means an MMF:
that seeks to maintain an unchanging net asset value (NAV) per unit or share;
where the income in the fund is accrued daily and can either be paid out to the investor or used to purchase more units or shares in the fund;
where assets are generally valued according to the amortised cost method and where the NAV is rounded to the nearest percentage point or its equivalent in currency terms; and
that invests at least 99,5 % of its assets in instruments referred to in Article 17(7), reverse repurchase agreements secured with government debt referred to in Article 17(7) and in cash;
‘low volatility net asset value MMF’ or ‘LVNAV MMF’ means an MMF that complies with the specific requirements laid down in Articles 29, 30 and 32 and in Article 33(2)(b);
‘variable net asset value MMF’ or ‘VNAV MMF’ means an MMF that complies with the specific requirements laid down in Articles 29 and 30 and in Article 33(1);
‘short-term MMF’ means an MMF that invests in eligible money market instruments referred to in Article 10(1) and is subject to the portfolio rules set out in Article 24;
‘standard MMF’ means an MMF that invests in eligible money market instruments referred to in Article 10(1) and (2) and is subject to the portfolio rules set out in Article 25;
‘credit institution’ means credit institution as defined in point (1) of Article 4(1) of Regulation (EU) No 575/2013;
‘competent authority of the MMF’ means:
for UCITS, the competent authority of the UCITS home Member State designated in accordance with Article 97 of Directive 2009/65/EC;
for EU AIFs, the competent authority of the home Member State of the AIF as defined in Article 4(1)(p) of Directive 2011/61/EU;
for non-EU AIFs, any of the following:
the competent authority of the Member State where the non-EU AIF is marketed in the Union without a passport;
the competent authority of the EU AIFM managing the non-EU AIF, where the non-EU AIF is marketed in the Union with a passport or is not marketed in the Union;
the competent authority of the Member State of reference if the non-EU AIF is not managed by an EU AIFM and is marketed in the Union with a passport;
‘legal maturity’ means the date when the principal of a security is to be repaid in full and which is not subject to any optionality;
‘weighted average maturity’ or ‘WAM’ means the average length of time to legal maturity or, if shorter, to the next interest rate reset to a money market rate, of all of the underlying assets in the MMF reflecting the relative holdings in each asset;
‘weighted average life’ or ‘WAL’ means the average length of time to legal maturity of all of the underlying assets in the MMF reflecting the relative holdings in each asset;
‘residual maturity’ means the length of time remaining until the legal maturity of a security;
‘short sale’ means any sale by an MMF of an instrument which the MMF does not own at the time of entering into the agreement to sell, including such sale where, at the time of entering into the agreement to sell, the MMF has borrowed or agreed to borrow the instrument for delivery at settlement, not including:
a sale by either party under a repurchase agreement where one party has agreed to sell to the other a security at a specified price with a commitment from the other party to sell the security back at a later date at another specified price; or
an entry into a futures contract or other derivative contract where it is agreed to sell securities at a specified price at a future date;
‘manager of an MMF’ means, in the case of an MMF that is a UCITS, the UCITS management company, or the UCITS investment company in the case of a self-managed UCITS, and, in the case of an MMF that is an AIF, an AIFM or an internally-managed AIF.
Article 3
Types of MMFs
MMFs shall be set up as one of the following types:
a VNAV MMF;
a public debt CNAV MMF;
a LVNAV MMF.
Article 4
Authorisation of MMFs
Such authorisation shall be valid for all Member States.
Where a collective investment undertaking has already been authorised as a UCITS under Directive 2009/65/EC, it may apply for authorisation as an MMF in accordance with the procedure set out in paragraphs 4 and 5 of this Article.
For the purposes of authorisation as an MMF, a collective investment undertaking shall submit to its competent authority all of the following documents:
the fund rules or instruments of incorporation of the MMF, including an indication of which type of MMF it is from those set out in Article 3(1);
identification of the manager of the MMF;
identification of the depositary;
a description of, or any information on, the MMF available to investors;
a description of, or any information on, the arrangements and procedures needed to comply with the requirements referred to in Chapters II to VII;
any other information or document requested by the competent authority of the MMF to verify compliance with the requirements of this Regulation.
Article 5
Procedure for authorising MMFs that are AIFs
When submitting the application for managing an MMF that is an AIF, the authorised AIFM shall provide the competent authority of the MMF with:
the written agreement with the depositary;
information on delegation arrangements regarding portfolio and risk management and administration with regard to the AIF;
information about the investment strategies, the risk profile and other characteristics of MMFs that are AIFs that the AIFM manages or intends to manage.
The competent authority of the MMF may ask the competent authority of the AIFM for clarification and information concerning the documentation referred to in the first subparagraph or an attestation as to whether MMFs fall within the scope of the AIFM's management authorisation. The competent authority of the AIFM shall respond within 10 working days of such request.
The competent authority of the MMF shall refuse the application of the AIFM only in the event that any of the following applies:
the AIFM does not comply with this Regulation;
the AIFM does not comply with Directive 2011/61/EU;
the AIFM is not authorised by its competent authority to manage MMFs;
the AIFM has not provided the documentation referred to in paragraph 2.
Before refusing an application, the competent authority of the MMF shall consult the competent authority of the AIFM.
Article 6
Use of designation as MMF
A UCITS or an AIF shall not use a misleading or inaccurate designation which would suggest it is an MMF, unless it has been authorised as an MMF in accordance with this Regulation.
A UCITS or an AIF shall not have characteristics which are substantially similar to those referred to in Article 1(1), unless it has been authorised as an MMF in accordance with this Regulation.
Article 7
Applicable rules
CHAPTER II
Obligations concerning the investment policies of MMFs
Article 8
General principles
Article 9
Eligible assets
An MMF shall invest only in one or more of the following categories of financial assets and only under the conditions specified in this Regulation:
money market instruments including financial instruments issued or guaranteed separately or jointly by the Union, the national, regional and local administrations of the Member States or their central banks, the European Central Bank, the European Investment Bank, the European Investment Fund, the European Stability Mechanism, the European Financial Stability Facility, a central authority or central bank of a third country, the International Monetary Fund, the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, the Council of Europe Development Bank, the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, the Bank for International Settlements or any other relevant international financial institution or organisation to which one or more Member States belong;
eligible securitisations and asset-backed commercial paper (ABCPs);
deposits with credit institutions;
financial derivative instruments;
repurchase agreements that fulfil the conditions set out in Article 14;
reverse repurchase agreements that fulfil the conditions set out in Article 15;
units or shares of other MMFs.
An MMF shall not undertake any of the following activities:
investing in assets other than those referred to in paragraph 1;
short sale of any of the following instruments: money market instruments, securitisations, ABCPs and units or shares of other MMFs;
taking direct or indirect exposure to equity or commodities, including via derivatives, certificates representing them, indices based on them, or any other means or instrument that would give an exposure to them;
entering into securities lending agreements or securities borrowing agreements, or any other agreement that would encumber the assets of the MMF;
borrowing and lending cash.
Article 10
Eligible money market instruments
A money market instrument shall be eligible for investment by an MMF provided that it fulfils all of the following requirements:
it falls within one of the categories of money market instruments referred to in point (a), (b), (c) or (h) of Article 50(1) of Directive 2009/65/EC;
it displays one of the following alternative characteristics:
it has a legal maturity at issuance of 397 days or less;
it has a residual maturity of 397 days or less;
the issuer of the money market instrument and the quality of the money market instrument have received a favourable assessment pursuant to Articles 19 to 22;
where an MMF invests in a securitisation or ABCP, it is subject to the requirements laid down in Article 11.
Article 11
Eligible securitisations and ABCPs
Both a securitisation and an ABCP shall be considered to be eligible for investment by an MMF provided that the securitisation or ABCP is sufficiently liquid, has received a favourable assessment pursuant to Articles 19 to 22, and is any of the following:
a securitisation referred to in Article 13 of Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2015/61 ( 2 );
an ABCP issued by an ABCP programme which:
is fully supported by a regulated credit institution that covers all liquidity, credit and material dilution risks, as well as ongoing transaction costs and ongoing programme-wide costs related to the ABCP, if necessary to guarantee the investor the full payment of any amount under the ABCP;
is not a re-securitisation and the exposures underlying the securitisation at the level of each ABCP transaction do not include any securitisation position;
does not include a synthetic securitisation as defined in point (11) of Article 242 of Regulation (EU) No 575/2013;
a simple, transparent and standardised (STS) securitisation, as determined in accordance with the criteria and conditions laid down in Articles 20, 21 and 22 of Regulation (EU) 2017/2402 of the European Parliament and of the Council ( 3 ), or an STS ABCP, as determined in accordance with the criteria and conditions laid down in Articles 24, 25 and 26 of that Regulation.
A short-term MMF may invest in the securitisations or ABCPs referred to in paragraph 1 provided any of the following conditions is fulfilled, as applicable:
the legal maturity at issuance of the securitisations referred to in point (a) of paragraph 1 is 2 years or less and the time remaining until the next interest rate reset date is 397 days or less;
the legal maturity at issuance or residual maturity of the securitisations or ABCPs referred to in points (b) and (c) of paragraph 1 is 397 days or less;
the securitisations referred to in points (a) and (c) of paragraph 1 are amortising instruments and have a WAL of 2 years or less.
A standard MMF may invest in the securitisations or ABCPs referred to in paragraph 1 provided any of the following conditions is fulfilled, as applicable:
the legal maturity at issuance or residual maturity of the securitisations and ABCPs referred to in points (a), (b) and (c) of paragraph 1 is 2 years or less and the time remaining until the next interest rate reset date is 397 days or less;
the securitisations referred to in points (a) and (c) of paragraph 1 are amortising instruments and have a WAL of 2 years or less.
For the purposes of the first subparagraph, the criteria identifying STS securitisations and ABCPs shall include at least the following:
requirements relating to the simplicity of the securitisation, including its true sale character and the respect of standards relating to the underwriting of the exposures;
requirements relating to standardisation of the securitisation, including risk retention requirements;
requirements relating to the transparency of the securitisation, including the provision of information to potential investors;
for ABCPs, in addition to points (a), (b) and (c), requirements relating to the sponsor and to the sponsor support of the ABCP programme.
Article 12
Eligible deposits with credit institutions
A deposit with a credit institution shall be eligible for investment by an MMF provided that all of the following conditions are fulfilled:
the deposit is repayable on demand or is able to be withdrawn at any time;
the deposit matures in no more than 12 months;
the credit institution has its registered office in a Member State or, where the credit institution has its registered office in a third country, it is subject to prudential rules considered equivalent to those laid down in Union law in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 107(4) of Regulation (EU) No 575/2013.
Article 13
Eligible financial derivative instruments
A financial derivative instrument shall be eligible for investment by an MMF provided it is dealt in on a regulated market as referred to in point (a), (b) or (c) of Article 50(1) of Directive 2009/65/EC or OTC and provided that all of the following conditions are fulfilled:
the underlying of the derivative instrument consists of interest rates, foreign exchange rates, currencies or indices representing one of those categories;
the derivative instrument serves only the purpose of hedging the interest rate or exchange rate risks inherent in other investments of the MMF;
the counterparties to OTC derivative transactions are institutions subject to prudential regulation and supervision and belonging to the categories approved by the competent authority of the MMF;
the OTC derivatives are subject to reliable and verifiable valuation on a daily basis and can be sold, liquidated or closed by an offsetting transaction at any time at their fair value at the MMF's initiative.
Article 14
Eligible repurchase agreements
A repurchase agreement shall be eligible to be entered into by an MMF provided that all of the following conditions are fulfilled:
it is used on a temporary basis, for no more than seven working days, only for liquidity management purposes and not for investment purposes other than as referred to in point (c);
the counterparty receiving assets transferred by the MMF as collateral under the repurchase agreement is prohibited from selling, investing, pledging or otherwise transferring those assets without the MMF's prior consent;
the cash received by the MMF as part of the repurchase agreement is able to be:
placed on deposits in accordance with point (f) of Article 50(1) of Directive 2009/65/EC; or
invested in assets referred to in Article 15(6), but shall not otherwise be invested in eligible assets as referred to in Article 9, transferred or otherwise reused;
the cash received by the MMF as part of the repurchase agreement does not exceed 10 % of its assets;
the MMF has the right to terminate the agreement at any time upon giving prior notice of no more than two working days.
Article 15
Eligible reverse repurchase agreements
A reverse repurchase agreement shall be eligible to be entered into by an MMF provided that all of the following conditions are fulfilled:
the MMF has the right to terminate the agreement at any time upon giving prior notice of no more than two working days;
the market value of the assets received as part of the reverse repurchase agreement is at all times at least equal to the value of the cash paid out.
The assets received by an MMF as part of a reverse repurchase agreement shall not be sold, reinvested, pledged or otherwise transferred.
By way of derogation from paragraph 2 of this Article, an MMF may receive as part of a reverse repurchase agreement liquid transferable securities or money market instruments other than those that fulfil the requirements set out in Article 10 provided that those assets comply with one of the following conditions:
they are issued or guaranteed by the Union, a central authority or central bank of a Member State, the European Central Bank, the European Investment Bank, the European Stability Mechanism or the European Financial Stability Facility provided that a favourable assessment has been received pursuant to Articles 19 to 22;
they are issued or guaranteed by a central authority or central bank of a third country, provided that a favourable assessment has been received pursuant to Articles 19 to 22.
The assets received as part of a reverse repurchase agreement in accordance with the first subparagraph of this paragraph shall be disclosed to MMF investors, in accordance with Article 13 of Regulation (EU) 2015/2365 of the European Parliament and of the Council ( 4 ).
The assets received as part of a reverse repurchase agreement in accordance with the first subparagraph of this paragraph shall fulfil the requirements of Article 17(7).
For those purposes, the Commission shall take into account the report referred to in Article 509(3) of Regulation (EU) No 575/2013.
The Commission shall adopt the delegated act referred to in the first subparagraph no later than 21 January 2018.
Article 16
Eligible units or shares of MMFs
An MMF may acquire the units or shares of any other MMF (‘targeted MMF’) provided that all of the following conditions are fulfilled:
no more than 10 % of the assets of the targeted MMF are able, according to its fund rules or instruments of incorporation, to be invested in aggregate in units or shares of other MMFs;
the targeted MMF does not hold units or shares in the acquiring MMF.
An MMF whose units or shares have been acquired shall not invest in the acquiring MMF during the period in which the acquiring MMF holds units or shares in it.
Units or shares of other MMFs shall be eligible for investment by an MMF provided that all of the following conditions are fulfilled:
the targeted MMF is authorised under this Regulation;
where the targeted MMF is managed, whether directly or under a delegation, by the same manager as that of the acquiring MMF or by any other company to which the manager of the acquiring MMF is linked by common management or control, or by a substantial direct or indirect holding, the manager of the targeted MMF, or that other company, is prohibited from charging subscription or redemption fees on account of the investment by the acquiring MMF in the units or shares of the targeted MMF;
where an MMF invests 10 % or more of its assets in units or shares of other MMFs:
the prospectus of that MMF shall disclose the maximum level of the management fees that may be charged to the MMF itself and to the other MMFs in which it invests; and
the annual report shall indicate the maximum proportion of management fees charged to the MMF itself and to the other MMFs in which it invests.
Paragraphs 2 and 3 of this Article shall not apply to an MMF that is an AIF authorised in accordance with Article 5, where all of the following conditions are met:
the MMF is marketed solely through an employee savings scheme governed by national law and which has only natural persons as investors;
the employee savings scheme referred to in point (a) only allows investors to redeem their investment subject to restrictive redemption terms which are laid down in national law, whereby redemptions may only take place in certain circumstances that are not linked to market developments.
By way of derogation from paragraphs 2 and 3 of this Article, an MMF that is a UCITS authorised in accordance with Article 4(2) may acquire units or shares in other MMFs in accordance with Article 55 or 58 of Directive 2009/65/EC under the following conditions:
the MMF is marketed solely through an employee savings scheme governed by national law and which has only natural persons as investors;
the employee savings scheme referred to in point (a) only allows investors to redeem their investment subject to restrictive redemption terms which are laid down in national law, whereby redemptions may only take place in certain circumstances that are not linked to market developments.
Article 17
Diversification
An MMF shall invest no more than:
5 % of its assets in money market instruments, securitisations and ABCPs issued by the same body;
10 % of its assets in deposits made with the same credit institution, unless the structure of the banking sector in the Member State in which the MMF is domiciled is such that there are insufficient viable credit institutions to meet that diversification requirement and it is not economically feasible for the MMF to make deposits in another Member State, in which case up to 15 % of its assets may be deposited with the same credit institution.
As from the date of application of the delegated act referred to in Article 11(4), the aggregate of all of an MMF's exposures to securitisations and ABCPs shall not exceed 20 % of the assets of the MMF, whereby up to 15 % of the assets of the MMF may be invested in securitisations and ABCPs that do not comply with the criteria for the identification of STS securitisations and ABCPs.
Notwithstanding the individual limits laid down in paragraphs 1 and 4, an MMF shall not combine, where to do so would result in an investment of more than 15 % of its assets in a single body, any of the following:
investments in money market instruments, securitisations and ABCPs issued by that body;
deposits made with that body;
OTC financial derivative instruments giving counterparty risk exposure to that body.
By way of derogation from the diversification requirement provided for in the first subparagraph, where the structure of the financial market in the Member State in which the MMF is domiciled is such that there are insufficient viable financial institutions to meet that diversification requirement and it is not economically feasible for the MMF to use financial institutions in another Member State, the MMF may combine the types of investments referred to in points (a) to (c) up to a maximum investment of 20 % of its assets in a single body.
The first subparagraph shall only apply where all of the following requirements are met:
the MMF holds money market instruments from at least six different issues by the issuer;
the MMF limits the investment in money market instruments from the same issue to a maximum of 30 % of its assets;
the MMF makes express reference, in its fund rules or instruments of incorporation, to all administrations, institutions or organisations referred to in the first subparagraph that issue or guarantee separately or jointly money market instruments in which it intends to invest more than 5 % of its assets;
the MMF includes a prominent statement in its prospectus and marketing communications drawing attention to the use of the derogation and indicating all administrations, institutions or organisations referred to in the first subparagraph that issue or guarantee separately or jointly money market instruments in which it intends to invest more than 5 % of its assets.
Where an MMF invests more than 5 % of its assets in the bonds referred to in the first subparagraph issued by a single issuer, the total value of those investments shall not exceed 40 % of the value of the assets of the MMF.
Where an MMF invests more than 5 % of its assets in the bonds referred to in the first subparagraph issued by a single issuer, the total value of those investments shall not exceed 60 % of the value of the assets of the MMF, including any possible investment in assets referred to in paragraph 8, respecting the limits set out therein.
Article 18
Concentration
Article 19
Internal credit quality assessment procedure
The manager of an MMF shall ensure that the internal credit quality assessment procedure complies with all of the following general principles:
an effective process is to be established to obtain and update relevant information on the issuer and the instrument's characteristics;
adequate measures are to be adopted and implemented to ensure that the internal credit quality assessment is based on a thorough analysis of the information that is available and pertinent, and includes all relevant driving factors that influence the creditworthiness of the issuer and the credit quality of the instrument;
the internal credit quality assessment procedure is to be monitored on an ongoing basis and all credit quality assessments shall be reviewed at least annually;
while there is to be no mechanistic over-reliance on external ratings in accordance with Article 5a of Regulation (EC) No 1060/2009, the manager of an MMF shall undertake a new credit quality assessment for a money market instrument, securitisations and ABCPs when there is a material change that could have an impact on the existing assessment of the instrument;
the credit quality assessment methodologies are to be reviewed at least annually by the manager of an MMF to determine whether they remain appropriate for the current portfolio and external conditions and the review shall be transmitted to the competent authority of the manager of the MMF. Where the manager of the MMF becomes aware of errors in the credit quality assessment methodology or in its application, it shall immediately correct those errors;
when methodologies, models or key assumptions used in the internal credit quality assessment procedure are changed, the manager of an MMF is to review all affected internal credit quality assessments as soon as possible.
Article 20
Internal credit quality assessment
The credit quality assessment shall take into account at least the following factors and general principles:
the quantification of the credit risk of the issuer and of the relative risk of default of the issuer and of the instrument;
qualitative indicators on the issuer of the instrument, including in the light of the macroeconomic and financial market situation;
the short-term nature of money market instruments;
the asset class of the instrument;
the type of issuer distinguishing at least the following types of issuers: national, regional or local administrations, financial corporations, and non-financial corporations;
for structured financial instruments, the operational and counterparty risk inherent within the structured financial transaction and, in case of exposure to securitisations, the credit risk of the issuer, the structure of the securitisation and the credit risk of the underlying assets;
the liquidity profile of the instrument.
The manager of an MMF may, in addition to the factors and general principles referred to in this paragraph, take into account warnings and indicators when determining the credit quality of a money market instrument referred to in Article 17(7).
Article 21
Documentation
The manager of an MMF shall document its internal credit quality assessment procedure and credit quality assessments. Documentation shall include all of the following:
the design and operational details of its internal credit quality assessment procedure in a manner that allows competent authorities to understand and evaluate the appropriateness of a credit quality assessment;
the rationale for and the analysis supporting the credit quality assessment, as well as the manager of the MMF's choice of criteria for, and the frequency of, the review of the credit quality assessment;
all major changes to the internal credit quality assessment procedure, including identification of the triggers of such changes;
the organisation of the internal credit quality assessment procedure and the internal control structure;
complete internal credit quality assessment histories on instruments, issuers and, where relevant, recognised guarantors;
the person or persons responsible for the internal credit quality assessment procedure.
Article 22
Delegated acts for the credit quality assessment
The Commission shall adopt delegated acts in accordance with Article 45 in order to supplement this Regulation by specifying the following points:
the criteria for the validation of the credit quality assessment methodology, as referred to in Article 19(3);
the criteria for quantification of the credit risk, and of the relative risk of default of an issuer and of the instrument, as referred to in point (a) of Article 20(2);
the criteria for establishing qualitative indicators on the issuer of the instrument, as referred to in point (b) of Article 20(2);
the meaning of material change as referred to in point (d) of Article 19(4).
Article 23
Governance of the credit quality assessment
Those parties shall have a good understanding of the internal credit quality assessment procedure and the methodologies applied by the manager of an MMF, as well as a detailed comprehension of the associated reports.
Senior management shall be regularly informed about the performance of the internal credit quality assessment procedures, the areas where deficiencies were identified, and the status of efforts and actions taken to improve previously identified deficiencies.
CHAPTER III
Obligations concerning the risk management of MMFs
Article 24
Portfolio rules for short-term MMFs
A short-term MMF shall comply on an ongoing basis with all of the following portfolio requirements:
its portfolio is to have a WAM of no more than 60 days;
its portfolio is to have a WAL of no more than 120 days, subject to the second and third subparagraphs;
for LVNAV MMFs and public debt CNAV MMFs, at least 10 % of their assets are to be comprised of daily maturing assets, reverse repurchase agreements which are able to be terminated by giving prior notice of one working day or cash which is able to be withdrawn by giving prior notice of one working day. A LVNAV MMF or public debt CNAV MMF is not to acquire any asset other than a daily maturing asset when such acquisition would result in that MMF investing less than 10 % of its portfolio in daily maturing assets;
for a short-term VNAV MMF, at least 7,5 % of its assets are to be comprised of daily maturing assets, reverse repurchase agreements which are able to be terminated by giving prior notice of one working day, or cash which is able to be withdrawn by giving prior notice of one working day. A short-term VNAV MMF is not to acquire any asset other than a daily maturing asset when such acquisition would result in that MMF investing less than 7,5 % of its portfolio in daily maturing assets;
for LVNAV MMFs and public debt CNAV MMFs, at least 30 % of their assets are to be comprised of weekly maturing assets, reverse repurchase agreements which are able to be terminated by giving prior notice of five working days or cash which is able to be withdrawn by giving prior notice of five working days. A LVNAV MMF or public debt CNAV MMF is not to acquire any asset other than a weekly maturing asset when such acquisition would result in that MMF investing less than 30 % of its portfolio in weekly maturing assets;
for a short-term VNAV MMF, at least 15 % of its assets are to be comprised of weekly maturing assets, reverse repurchase agreements which are able to be terminated by giving prior notice of five working days, or cash which is able to be withdrawn by giving prior notice of five working days. A short-term VNAV MMF is not to acquire any asset other than a weekly maturing asset when such acquisition would result in that MMF investing less than 15 % of its portfolio in weekly maturing assets;
for the purpose of the calculation referred to in point (e), assets referred to in Article 17(7) which are highly liquid and can be redeemed and settled within one working day and have a residual maturity of up to 190 days may also be included within the weekly maturing assets of a LVNAV MMF and public debt CNAV MMF, up to a limit of 17,5 % of its assets;
for the purpose of the calculation referred to in point (f), money market instruments or units or shares of other MMFs may be included within the weekly maturing assets of a short-term VNAV MMF up to a limit of 7,5 % of its assets provided they are able to be redeemed and settled within five working days.
For the purposes of point (b) of the first subparagraph, when calculating the WAL for securities, including structured financial instruments, a short-term MMF shall base the maturity calculation on the residual maturity until the legal redemption of the instruments. However, in the event that a financial instrument embeds a put option, a short-term MMF may base the maturity calculation on the exercise date of the put option instead of the residual maturity, but only if all of the following conditions are fulfilled at all times:
the put option is able to be freely exercised by the short-term MMF at its exercise date;
the strike price of the put option remains close to the expected value of the instrument at the exercise date;
the investment strategy of the short-term MMF implies that there is a high probability that the option will be exercised at the exercise date.
By way of derogation from the second subparagraph, when calculating the WAL for securitisations and ABCPs, a short-term MMF may instead, in the case of amortising instruments, base the maturity calculation on one of the following:
the contractual amortisation profile of such instruments;
the amortisation profile of the underlying assets from which the cash-flows for the redemption of such instruments result.
Article 25
Portfolio rules for standard MMFs
A standard MMF shall comply on an ongoing basis with all of the following requirements:
its portfolio is to have at all times a WAM of no more than 6 months;
its portfolio is to have at all times a WAL of no more than 12 months, subject to the second and third subparagraphs;
at least 7,5 % of its assets are to be comprised of daily maturing assets, reverse repurchase agreements which can be terminated by giving prior notice of one working day or cash which can be withdrawn by giving prior notice of one working day. A standard MMF is not to acquire any asset other than a daily maturing asset when such acquisition would result in that MMF investing less than 7,5 % of its portfolio in daily maturing assets;
at least 15 % of its assets are to be comprised of weekly maturing assets, reverse repurchase agreements which can be terminated by giving prior notice of five working days or cash which can be withdrawn by giving prior notice of five working days. A standard MMF is not to acquire any asset other than a weekly maturing asset when such acquisition would result in that MMF investing less than 15 % of its portfolio in weekly maturing assets;
for the purpose of the calculation referred to in point (d), money market instruments or units or shares of other MMFs may be included within the weekly maturing assets up to 7,5 % of its assets provided they are able to be redeemed and settled within five working days.
For the purposes of point (b) of the first subparagraph, when calculating the WAL for securities, including structured financial instruments, a standard MMF shall base the maturity calculation on the residual maturity until the legal redemption of the instruments. However, in the event that a financial instrument embeds a put option, a standard MMF may base the maturity calculation on the exercise date of the put option instead of the residual maturity, but only if all of the following conditions are fulfilled at all times:
the put option is able to be freely exercised by the standard MMF at its exercise date;
the strike price of the put option remains close to the expected value of the instrument at the exercise date;
the investment strategy of the standard MMF implies that there is a high probability that the option will be exercised at the exercise date.
By way of derogation from the second subparagraph, when calculating the WAL for securitisations and ABCPs, a standard MMF may instead, in the case of amortising instruments, base the maturity calculation on one of the following:
the contractual amortisation profile of such instruments;
the amortisation profile of the underlying assets from which the cash-flows for the redemption of such instruments result.
Article 26
MMF credit ratings
An MMF that solicits or finances an external credit rating shall do so in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 1060/2009. The MMF or the manager of the MMF shall clearly indicate in the MMF's prospectus, and in all communication to investors in which the external credit rating is mentioned, that the rating was solicited or financed by the MMF or by the manager of the MMF.
Article 27
‘Know your customer’ policy
If the value of the units or shares held by a single investor exceeds the amount of the corresponding daily liquidity requirement of an MMF, the manager of the MMF shall consider, in addition to the factors set out in paragraph 1, all of the following:
identifiable patterns in investor cash needs, including the cyclical evolution of the number of shares in the MMF;
the risk aversion of the different investors;
the degree of correlation or close links between different investors in the MMF.
Article 28
Stress testing
The stress tests shall be based on objective criteria and consider the effects of severe plausible scenarios. The stress test scenarios shall at least take into consideration reference parameters that include the following factors:
hypothetical changes in the level of liquidity of the assets held in the portfolio of the MMF;
hypothetical changes in the level of credit risk of the assets held in the portfolio of the MMF, including credit events and rating events;
hypothetical movements of the interest rates and exchange rates;
hypothetical levels of redemption;
hypothetical widening or narrowing of spreads among indices to which interest rates of portfolio securities are tied;
hypothetical macro systemic shocks affecting the economy as a whole.
Where necessary, the manager of an MMF shall take action to strengthen the robustness of the MMF, including actions that reinforce the liquidity or the quality of the assets of the MMF and shall immediately inform the competent authority of the MMF of the measures taken.
The extensive report and the action plan shall be submitted to the competent authority of the MMF for review.
CHAPTER IV
Valuation rules
Article 29
Valuation of MMFs
When using mark- to-market:
the asset of an MMF shall be valued at the more prudent side of bid and offer unless the asset can be closed out at mid-market;
only good quality market data shall be used; such data shall be assessed on the basis of all of the following factors:
the number and quality of the counterparties;
the volume and turnover in the market of the asset of the MMF;
the issue size and the portion of the issue that the MMF plans to buy or sell.
The model shall accurately estimate the intrinsic value of the asset of an MMF, based on all of the following up-to-date key factors:
the volume and turnover in the market of that asset;
the issue size and the portion of the issue that the MMF plans to buy or sell;
market risk, interest rate risk, credit risk attached to the asset.
When using mark-to-model, the amortised cost method shall not be used.
The amortised cost method shall only be used for valuing an asset of a LVNAV MMF in circumstances where the price of that asset calculated in accordance with paragraphs 2, 3 and 4 does not deviate from the price of that asset calculated in accordance with the first subparagraph of this paragraph by more than 10 basis points. In the event of such a deviation, the price of that asset shall be calculated in accordance with paragraphs 2, 3 and 4.
Article 30
Calculation of NAV per unit or share
Article 31
Calculation of the constant NAV per unit or share of public debt CNAV MMFs
Article 32
Calculation of the constant NAV per unit or share of LVNAV MMFs
Article 33
Issue and redemption price
By way of derogation from paragraph 1:
the units or shares of a public debt CNAV MMF may be issued or redeemed at a price that is equal to that MMF's constant NAV per unit or share;
the units or shares of a LVNAV MMF may be issued or redeemed at a price that is equal to that MMF's constant NAV per unit or share, but only where the constant NAV per unit or share calculated in accordance with Article 32(1), (2) and (3) does not deviate from the NAV per unit or share calculated in accordance with Article 30 by more than 20 basis points.
In relation to point (b), when the constant NAV per unit or share calculated in accordance with Article 32(1), (2) and (3) deviates from the NAV per unit or share calculated in accordance with Article 30 by more than 20 basis points, the following redemption or subscription shall be undertaken at a price that is equal to the NAV per unit or share calculated in accordance with Article 30.
Potential investors shall, prior to the conclusion of the contract, be clearly warned in writing by the manager of an MMF of the circumstances in which the LVNAV MMF will no longer redeem or subscribe at a constant NAV per unit or share.
CHAPTER V
Specific requirements for public debt CNAV MMFs and LVNAV MMFs
Article 34
Specific requirements for public debt CNAV MMFs and LVNAV MMFs
In ensuring compliance with the weekly liquidity thresholds, the following shall apply:
whenever the proportion of weekly maturing assets as set out in point (e) of Article 24(1) falls below 30 % of the total assets of the public debt CNAV MMF or of the LVNAV MMF and the net daily redemptions on a single working day exceed 10 % of total assets, the manager of the public debt CNAV MMF or of the LVNAV MMF shall immediately inform its board thereof and the board shall undertake a documented assessment of the situation to determine the appropriate course of action having regard to the interests of the investors and shall decide whether to apply one or more of the following measures:
liquidity fees on redemptions that adequately reflect the cost to the MMF of achieving liquidity and ensure that investors who remain in the fund are not unfairly disadvantaged when other investors redeem their units or shares during the period;
redemption gates that limit the amount of shares or units to be redeemed on any one working day to a maximum of 10 % of the shares or units in the MMF for any period up to 15 working days;
suspension of redemptions for any period up to 15 working days; or
take no immediate action other than fulfilling the obligation laid down in Article 24(2);
whenever the proportion of weekly maturing assets as set out in point (e) of Article 24(1) falls below 10 % of its total assets, the manager of a public debt CNAV MMF or of a LVNAV MMF shall immediately inform its board thereof and the board shall undertake a documented assessment of the situation and, on the basis of such assessment and having regard to the interests of the investors, shall apply one or more of the following measures and document the reasons for its choice:
liquidity fees on redemptions that adequately reflect the cost to the MMF of achieving liquidity and ensure that investors who remain in the fund are not unfairly disadvantaged when other investors redeem their units or shares during the period;
a suspension of redemptions for a period of up to 15 working days.
CHAPTER VI
External support
Article 35
External support
External support shall include:
cash injections from a third party;
purchase by a third party of assets of the MMF at an inflated price;
purchase by a third party of units or shares of the MMF in order to provide liquidity to the fund;
issuance by a third party of any kind of explicit or implicit guarantee, warranty or letter of support for the benefit of the MMF;
any action by a third party the direct or indirect objective of which is to maintain the liquidity profile and the NAV per unit or share of the MMF.
CHAPTER VII
Transparency requirements
Article 36
Transparency
The manager of an MMF shall, at least weekly, make all of the following information available to the MMF's investors:
the maturity breakdown of the portfolio of the MMF;
the credit profile of the MMF;
the WAM and WAL of the MMF;
details of the 10 largest holdings in the MMF, including the name, country, maturity and asset type, and the counterparty in the case of repurchase and reverse repurchase agreements;
the total value of the assets of the MMF;
the net yield of the MMF.
Any document of an MMF used for marketing purposes shall clearly include all of the following statements:
that the MMF is not a guaranteed investment;
that an investment in MMFs is different from an investment in deposits, with particular reference to the risk that the principal invested in an MMF is capable of fluctuation;
that the MMF does not rely on external support for guaranteeing the liquidity of the MMF or stabilising the NAV per unit or share;
that the risk of loss of the principal is to be borne by the investor.
Public debt CNAV MMFs and LVNAV MMFs shall explain clearly to investors and potential investors any use of the amortised cost method or of rounding or both.
Article 37
Reporting to competent authorities
By way of derogation from the first subparagraph, for an MMF whose assets under management in total do not exceed EUR 100 000 000 , the manager of the MMF shall report to the competent authority of the MMF on at least an annual basis.
The manager of an MMF shall upon request provide the information reported pursuant to the first and second subparagraphs also to the competent authority of the manager of an MMF, if different from the competent authority of the MMF.
The information reported pursuant to paragraph 1 shall comprise the following points:
the type and characteristics of the MMF;
portfolio indicators such as the total value of assets, NAV, WAM, WAL, maturity breakdown, liquidity and yield;
the results of stress tests and, where applicable, the proposed action plan;
information on the assets held in the portfolio of the MMF, including:
the characteristics of each asset, such as name, country, issuer category, risk or maturity, and the outcome of the internal credit quality assessment procedure;
the type of asset, including details of the counterparty in the case of derivatives, repurchase agreements or reverse repurchase agreements;
information on the liabilities of the MMF, including:
the country where the investor is established;
the investor category;
subscription and redemption activity.
If necessary and duly justified, competent authorities may solicit additional information.
In addition to the information referred to in paragraph 2, for each LVNAV MMF that it manages, the manager of an MMF shall report the following:
every event in which the price of an asset valued by using the amortised cost method in accordance with the first subparagraph of Article 29(7) deviates from the price of that asset calculated in accordance with Article 29(2), (3) and (4) by more than 10 basis points;
every event in which the constant NAV per unit or share calculated in accordance with Article 32(1) and (2) deviates from the NAV per unit or share calculated in accordance with Article 30 by more than 20 basis points;
every event in which a situation mentioned in Article 34(3) occurs and the measures taken by the board in accordance with points (a) and (b) of Article 34(1).
ESMA shall submit those draft implementing technical standards to the Commission by 21 January 2018.
Power is conferred on the Commission to adopt the implementing technical standards referred to in the first subparagraph in accordance with Article 15 of Regulation (EU) No 1095/2010.
ESMA shall collect the information to create a central database of all MMFs established, managed or marketed in the Union. The European Central Bank shall have a right of access to that database, for statistical purposes only.
Article 37a
Accessibility of information on the European single access point
From 10 January 2030, the information referred to in Article 4(7) of this Regulation shall be accessible on the European single access point (ESAP) established under Regulation (EU) 2023/2859 of the European Parliament and of the Council ( 7 ). For that purpose, the collection body as defined in Article 2, point (2), of that Regulation shall be ESMA. ESMA shall draw that data from the information notified by the competent authorities in accordance with Article 4(6) of this Regulation for the purpose of establishment of the central public register referred to in Article 4(7) of this Regulation.
That information shall comply with the following requirements:
be submitted in a data extractable format as defined in Article 2, point (3), of Regulation (EU) 2023/2859;
be accompanied by the following metadata:
all the names of the fund to which the information relates;
where available, the legal entity identifier of the fund, as specified pursuant to Article 7(4), point (b), of Regulation (EU) 2023/2859;
the type of information, as classified pursuant to Article 7(4), point (c), of that Regulation;
an indication of whether the information contains personal data.
CHAPTER VIII
Supervision
Article 38
Supervision by the competent authorities
Article 39
Powers of competent authorities
Without prejudice to powers vested in competent authorities in accordance with Directive 2009/65/EC or 2011/61/EU, as applicable, competent authorities shall, in accordance with national law, have all supervisory and investigatory powers that are necessary for the exercise of their functions with respect to this Regulation. They shall, in particular, have the power to do all of the following:
request access to any document in any form, and to receive or take a copy thereof;
require an MMF or the manager of an MMF to provide information without delay;
require information from any person related to the activities of an MMF or the manager of an MMF;
carry out on-site inspections with or without prior announcement;
take appropriate measures to ensure that an MMF or the manager of an MMF continues to comply with this Regulation;
issue an order to ensure that an MMF or the manager of an MMF complies with this Regulation and desists from a repetition of any conduct that could infringe this Regulation.
Article 40
Penalties and other measures
Article 41
Specific measures
Without prejudice to powers vested in competent authorities in accordance with Directive 2009/65/EC or 2011/61/EU, as applicable, the competent authority of an MMF or the manager of an MMF shall, while respecting the principle of proportionality, take the appropriate measures referred to in paragraph 2 where an MMF or the manager of an MMF:
fails to comply with any of the requirements regarding asset composition, in infringement of Articles 9 to 16;
fails to comply with any of the portfolio requirements, in infringement of Article 17, 18, 24 or 25;
has obtained authorisation through false statements or any other irregular means, in infringement of Article 4 or 5;
uses the designation ‘money market fund’, ‘MMF’ or of another designation that suggests that a UCITS or AIF is an MMF, in infringement of Article 6;
fails to comply with any of the requirements regarding the internal credit quality assessment, in infringement of Article 19 or 20;
fails to comply with any of the governance, documentation or transparency requirements, in infringement of Article 21, 23, 26, 27, 28 or 36;
fails to comply with any of the requirements regarding valuation, in infringement of Article 29, 30, 31, 32, 33 or 34.
In the cases referred to in paragraph 1, the competent authority of the MMF shall, as appropriate:
take measures to ensure that the MMF or the manager of an MMF concerned complies with the relevant provisions;
withdraw an authorisation granted in accordance with Article 4 or 5.
Article 42
Powers and competences of ESMA
Article 43
Cooperation between authorities
CHAPTER IX
Final provisions
Article 44
Treatment of existing UCITS and AIFs
Article 45
Exercise of the delegation
Article 46
Review
The review shall in particular:
analyse the experience acquired in applying this Regulation, the impact on investors, MMFs and the managers of MMFs in the Union;
assess the role that MMFs play in purchasing debt issued or guaranteed by the Member States;
take into account the specific characteristics of the debt issued or guaranteed by the Member States and the role that the debt plays in financing the Member States;
take into account the report referred to in Article 509(3) of Regulation (EU) No 575/2013;
take into account the impact of this Regulation on the short-term financing markets;
take into account the regulatory developments at international level.
By 21 July 2022, the Commission shall present a report on the feasibility of establishing an 80 % EU public debt quota. That report shall have regard to the availability of short-term EU public debt instruments and assess whether LVNAV MMFs might be an appropriate alternative to non-EU public debt CNAV MMFs. If the Commission concludes in the report that the introduction of an 80 % EU public debt quota and the phasing out of public debt CNAV MMFs that include an unlimited amount of non-EU public debt are not feasible, it should present the reasons for that. In the event that the Commission concludes that the introduction of an 80 % EU public debt quota is feasible, the Commission may make legislative proposals to introduce such a quota, whereby at least 80 % of the assets of public debt CNAV MMFs are to be invested in EU public debt instruments. In addition, if the Commission concludes that LVNAV MMFs have become an appropriate alternative to non-EU public debt CNAV MMFs, it may make appropriate proposals to remove the derogation for public debt CNAV MMFs altogether.
The results of the review shall be communicated to the European Parliament and to the Council, accompanied, where necessary, by appropriate proposals for amendments.
Article 47
Entry into force
This Regulation shall enter into force on the twentieth day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.
It shall apply from 21 July 2018, with the exception of Article 11(4), Article 15(7), Article 22 and Article 37(4) which shall apply from 20 July 2017.
This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States.
( 1 ) Commission Directive 2007/16/EC of 19 March 2007 implementing Council Directive 85/611/EEC on the coordination of laws, regulations and administrative provisions relating to undertakings for collective investment in transferable securities (UCITS) as regards the clarification of certain definitions (OJ L 79, 20.3.2007, p. 11).
( 2 ) Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2015/61 of 10 October 2014 to supplement Regulation (EU) No 575/2013 of the European Parliament and the Council with regard to liquidity coverage requirement for Credit Institutions (OJ L 11, 17.1.2015, p. 1).
( 3 ) Regulation (EU) 2017/2402 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12 December 2017 laying down a general framework for securitisation and creating a specific framework for simple, transparent and standardised securitisation, and amending Directives 2009/65/EC, 2009/138/EC and 2011/61/EU and Regulations (EC) No 1060/2009 and (EU) No 648/2012 (OJ L 347, 28.12.2017, p. 35).
( 4 ) Regulation (EU) 2015/2365 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 November 2015 on transparency of securities financing transactions and of reuse and amending Regulation (EU) No 648/2012 (OJ L 337, 23.12.2015, p. 1).
( 5 ) Directive 2013/34/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 June 2013 on the annual financial statements, consolidated financial statements and related reports of certain types of undertakings, amending Directive 2006/43/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council and repealing Council Directives 78/660/EEC and 83/349/EEC (OJ L 182, 29.6.2013, p. 19).
( 6 ) Directive (EU) 2015/849 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 May 2015 on the prevention of the use of the financial system for the purposes of money laundering or terrorist financing, amending Regulation (EU) No 648/2012 of the European Parliament and of the Council, and repealing Directive 2005/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council and Commission Directive 2006/70/EC (OJ L 141, 5.6.2015, p. 73).
( 7 ) Regulation (EU) 2023/2859 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 December 2023 establishing a European single access point providing centralised access to publicly available information of relevance to financial services, capital markets and sustainability (OJ L, 2023/2859, 20.12.2023, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2023/2859/oj).