This document is an excerpt from the EUR-Lex website
Document 32014D0202
Commission Decision of 20 March 2014 determining the European Union position for a decision of the Management entities under the Agreement between the Government of the United States of America and the European Union on the coordination of energy-efficiency labelling programmes for office equipment on adding specifications for computer servers and uninterruptible power supplies to Annex C to the Agreement and on the revision of specifications for displays and imaging equipment included in Annex C to the Agreement (Text with EEA relevance) (2014/202/EU)
Commission Decision of 20 March 2014 determining the European Union position for a decision of the Management entities under the Agreement between the Government of the United States of America and the European Union on the coordination of energy-efficiency labelling programmes for office equipment on adding specifications for computer servers and uninterruptible power supplies to Annex C to the Agreement and on the revision of specifications for displays and imaging equipment included in Annex C to the Agreement (Text with EEA relevance) (2014/202/EU)
Commission Decision of 20 March 2014 determining the European Union position for a decision of the Management entities under the Agreement between the Government of the United States of America and the European Union on the coordination of energy-efficiency labelling programmes for office equipment on adding specifications for computer servers and uninterruptible power supplies to Annex C to the Agreement and on the revision of specifications for displays and imaging equipment included in Annex C to the Agreement (Text with EEA relevance) (2014/202/EU)
OJ L 114, 16.4.2014, p. 68–148
(BG, ES, CS, DA, DE, ET, EL, EN, FR, HR, IT, LV, LT, HU, MT, NL, PL, PT, RO, SK, SL, FI, SV)
In force
16.4.2014 |
EN |
Official Journal of the European Union |
L 114/68 |
COMMISSION DECISION
of 20 March 2014
determining the European Union position for a decision of the Management entities under the Agreement between the Government of the United States of America and the European Union on the coordination of energy-efficiency labelling programmes for office equipment on adding specifications for computer servers and uninterruptible power supplies to Annex C to the Agreement and on the revision of specifications for displays and imaging equipment included in Annex C to the Agreement
(Text with EEA relevance)
(2014/202/EU)
THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION,
Having regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,
Having regard to Council Decision 2013/107/EU of 13 November 2012 on the signing and conclusion of the Agreement between the Government of the United States of America and the European Union on the coordination of energy-efficiency labelling programmes for office equipment (1), and in particular Article 4 thereof,
Whereas:
(1) |
The Agreement provides for the European Commission, together with the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), to develop and periodically revise common specifications for office equipment specification, thereby amending Annex C to the Agreement. |
(2) |
The position of the European Union with regard to amendment of the specifications is to be determined by the Commission. |
(3) |
The measures provided for in this Decision take account of the opinion given by the European Union Energy Star Board referred to in Article 8 of Regulation (EC) No 106/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 January 2008 on a Community energy-efficiency labelling programme for office equipment (2) as amended by Regulation (EU) No 174/2013 (3). |
(4) |
The display specification in Annex C, Part II, and imaging equipment specification in Annex C, Part III, should be repealed and replaced by the specifications annexed to this Decision, |
HAS ADOPTED THIS DECISION:
Sole Article
The position to be adopted by the European Union for a decision by the Management Entities under the Agreement between the Government of the United States of America and the European Union on the coordination of energy-efficiency labelling programmes for office equipment on revising the display and imaging equipment specifications in Annex C, Parts II and III, and adding new specifications for computer servers and uninterruptible power supplies, to the Agreement shall be based on the attached draft decision.
This Decision shall enter into force on the twentieth day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.
Done at Brussels, 20 March 2014.
For the Commission
The President
José Manuel BARROSO
ANNEX I
DRAFT DECISION
of …
of the Management entities under the Agreement between the Government of the United States of America and the European Union on the coordination of energy-efficiency labelling programmes for office equipment on adding specifications for computer servers and uninterruptible power supplies to Annex C to the Agreement and on the revision of specifications for displays and imaging equipment included in Annex C of the Agreement
THE MANAGEMENT ENTITIES,
Having regard to the Agreement between the Government of the United States and the European Union on the coordination of energy-efficiency labelling programmes for office equipment, and in particular Article XII thereof,
Whereas specifications for new products ‘computer servers’ and ‘uninterruptible power supplies’ should be added to the Agreement and existing specifications for product type ‘imaging equipment’ and ‘displays’ should be revised,
HAVE DECIDED AS FOLLOWS:
Part I ‘Displays’, Part II ‘Uninterruptible Power Supplies’, Part III ‘Computer Servers’ and Part IV ‘Imaging Equipment’ shall be added to Annex C of the Agreement between the Government of the United States and the European Union on the coordination of energy-efficiency labelling programmes for office equipment as laid down hereafter.
Part II ‘Displays’ and Part III ‘Imaging Equipment’ currently included in Annex C of the Agreement between the Government of the United States and the European Union on the coordination of energy-efficiency labelling programmes for office equipment shall be repealed.
The Decision shall enter into force on the twentieth day following its publication. The Decision, done in duplicate, shall be signed by the Co-chairs.
Signed in Washington DC on the […]
[…]
on behalf of the United States Environmental Protection Agency
Signed in Brussels on the […]
[…]
on behalf of the European Union
ANNEX II
ANNEX C
PART II TO THE AGREEMENT
'I. DISPLAY SPECIFICATIONS
1. Definitions
1.1. Product Types
Electronic Display (Display): A commercially-available product with a display screen and associated electronics, often encased in a single housing, that as its primary function displays visual information from (1) a computer, workstation or server via one or more inputs (e.g., VGA, DVI, HDMI, Display Port, IEEE 1394, USB), (2) external storage (e.g., USB flash drive, memorycard), or (3) a network connection.
(a) |
Computer Monitor: An electronic device, typically with a diagonal screen size greater than 12 inches and a pixel density greater than 5 000 pixels per square inch (pixels/in2), that displays a computer’s user interface and open programs, allowing the user to interact with the computer, typically using a keyboard and mouse. Enhanced-Performance Display: A computer monitor that has all of the following features and functionalities:
|
(b) |
Digital Picture Frame: An electronic device, typically with a diagonal screen size less than 12 inches, whose primary function is to display digital images. It may also feature a programmable timer, occupancy sensor, audio, video, or bluetooth or wireless connectivity. |
(c) |
Signage Display: An electronic device typically with a diagonal screen size greater than 12 inches and a pixel density less than or equal to 5 000 pixels/in2. It is typically marketed as commercial signage for use in areas where it is intended to be viewed by multiple people in non-desk based environments, such as retail or department stores, restaurants, museums, hotels, outdoor venues, airports, conference rooms or classrooms. |
1.2. External Power Supply (EPS): Also referred to as an external power adapter. A component contained in a separate physical enclosure external to a display, designed to convert line voltage ac input from the mains to lesser dc voltage(s) in order to provide power to the display. An EPS connects to the display via a removable or hard-wired male/female electrical connection, cable, cord or other wiring.
1.3. Operational Modes:
(a) |
On Mode: The power mode in which the product has been activated, and is providing one or more of its principal functions. The common terms, ‘active,’‘in-use,’ and ‘normal operation’ also describe this mode. The power in this mode is typically greater than the power in Sleep Mode and Off Mode. |
(b) |
Sleep Mode: The power mode the product enters after receiving a signal from a connected device or an internal stimulus. The product may also enter this mode by virtue of a signal produced by user input. The product must wake on receiving a signal from a connected device, a network, a remote control, and/or an internal stimulus. While the product is in this mode, it is not producing a visible picture, with the possible exception of user-oriented or protective functions such as product information or status displays, or sensor-based functions.
|
(c) |
Off Mode: The power mode in which the product is connected to a power source, and is not providing any On Mode or Sleep Mode functions. This mode may persist for an indefinite time. The product may only exit this mode by direct user actuation of a power switch or control. Some products may not have this mode. |
1.4. Luminance: The photometric measure of the luminous intensity per unit area of light travelling in a given direction, expressed in candelas per square meter (cd/m2). Luminance refers to the brightness settings of a display.
(a) |
Maximum Reported Luminance: The maximum luminance the display may attain at an On Mode preset setting, and as specified by the manufacturer, for example, in the user manual. |
(b) |
Maximum Measured Luminance: The maximum luminance the display may attain by manually configuring its controls, such as brightness and contrast. |
(c) |
As-shipped Luminance: The luminance of the display at the factory default preset setting the manufacturer selects for normal home or applicable market use. The As-shipped Luminance of displays with Automatic Brightness Control (ABC) enabled by default may vary based on the Ambient Light Conditions of the location in which the display is installed. |
1.5. Screen Area: The viewable screen width multiplied by the viewable screen height, expressed in square inches (in2).
1.6. Automatic Brightness Control (ABC): The self-acting mechanism that controls the brightness of a display as a function of ambient light.
1.7. Ambient Light Conditions: The combination of light illuminances in the environment surrounding a display, such as a living room or an office.
1.8. Bridge Connection: A physical connection between two hub controllers, typically, but not limited to, USB or FireWire, which allows for expansion of ports typically for the purpose of relocating the ports to a more convenient location or increasing the number of available ports.
1.9. Network capability: An ability to obtain an IP address when connected to a network.
1.10. Occupancy Sensor: A device used to detect human presence in front of or in the area surrounding a display. An occupancy sensor is typically used to switch a display between On Mode and Sleep or Off Mode.
1.11. Product Family: A group of displays, made under the same brand, sharing a screen of the same size and resolution, and encased in a single housing that may contain variations in hardware configurations.
Example: Two computer monitors from the same model line with a diagonal screen size of 21 inches and a resolution of 2,074 megapixels (MP), but with variations in features such as built-in speakers or camera, could be qualified as a product family.
1.12. Representative Model: The product configuration that is tested for ENERGY STAR qualification and is intended to be marketed and labelled as ENERGY STAR.
2. Scope
2.1. Included Products
2.1.1. |
Products that meet the definition of a display as specified herein and are powered directly from ac mains, via an external power supply, or via a data or network connection, are eligible for ENERGY STAR qualification, with the exception of products listed in Section 2.2. |
2.1.2. |
Typical products that would be eligible for qualification under this specification include:
|
2.2. Excluded Products
2.2.1. |
Products that are covered under other ENERGY STAR product specifications are not eligible for qualification under this specification. The list of specifications currently in effect can be found at www.eu-energystar.org. |
2.2.2. |
The following products are not eligible for qualification under this specification:
|
3. Qualification Criteria
3.1. Significant Digits and Rounding
3.1.1. |
All calculations shall be carried out with directly measured (unrounded) values. |
3.1.2. |
Unless otherwise specified, compliance with specification requirements shall be evaluated using directly measured or calculated values without any benefit from rounding. |
3.1.3. |
Directly measured or calculated values that are submitted for reporting on the ENERGY STAR website shall be rounded to the nearest significant digit as expressed in the corresponding specification requirements. |
3.2. General Requirements
3.2.1. |
External Power Supply: If the product is shipped with an EPS, the EPS shall meet the level V performance requirements under the International Efficiency Marking Protocol, and include the level V marking. Additional information on the Marking Protocol is available at www.energystar.gov/powersupplies
External Power Supplies shall meet level V requirements when tested using the Test Method for Calculating the Energy Efficiency of Single-Voltage External Ac-Dc and Ac-Ac Power Supplies, Aug. 11, 2004 |
3.2.2. |
Power Management:
|
3.3. On Mode Requirements
3.3.1. |
On Mode power (PON), as measured per the ENERGY STAR test method shall be less than or equal to the Maximum On Mode Power Requirement (PON_MAX), as calculated and rounded per Table 1, below.
If the product’s pixel density (DP), as calculated per Equation 1, is greater than 20 000 pixels/in2, then the screen resolution (r) used to calculate PON_MAX shall be determined per Equation 2. Equation 1: Calculation of Pixel Density
Where
Equation 2: Calculation of Resolution if the Product’s Pixel Density (DP) Exceeds 20 000 pixels/in2
Where:
Table 1 Calculation of Maximum On Mode Power Requirements (PON_MAX)
|
3.3.2. |
For products meeting the definition of an Enhanced-Performance Display, a power allowance (PEP), as calculated per Equation 3, shall be added to PON_MAX, as calculated per Table 1. In this case, PON, as measured per the ENERGY STAR test method shall be less than or equal to the sum of PON_MAX and PEP.
Equation 3: Calculation of On Mode Power Allowance for Enhanced-Performance Displays
Where:
|
3.3.3. |
For products with Automatic Brightness Control (ABC) enabled by default, a power allowance (PABC), as calculated per Equation 5, shall be added to PON_MAX, as calculated per Table 1, if the On Mode power reduction (RABC), as calculated per Equation 4, is greater than or equal to 20 %.
Equation 4: Calculation of On Mode Power Reduction for Products with ABC Enabled by Default
Where
Equation 5: Calculation of On Mode Power Allowance for Products with ABC Enabled by Default
Where:
|
3.3.4. |
For products powered with a low-voltage dc source, PON, as calculated per Equation 6, shall be less than or equal to PON_MAX, as calculated per Table 1.
Equation 6: Calculation of On Mode Power for Products Powered by a Low-voltage Dc Source
Where:
|
3.4. Sleep Mode Requirements
3.4.1. |
Measured Sleep Mode power (PSLEEP) for products with none of the data or network capabilities included in Table 3 or 4 shall be less than or equal to the Maximum Sleep Mode Power Requirement (PSLEEP_MAX), as specified in Table 2.
Table 2 Maximum Sleep Mode Power Requirement (PSLEEP_MAX) PSLEEP_MAX (watts) 0,5 |
3.4.2. |
Measured Sleep Mode power (PSLEEP) for products with one or more of the data or network capabilities included in Table 3 or 4 shall be less than or equal to the Maximum Data/Networking Sleep Mode Power Requirement (PSLEEP_AP), as calculated per Equation 7.
Equation 7: Calculation of Maximum Data/Networking Sleep Mode Power requirement
Where:
Table 3 Power Allowances in Sleep Mode for Data or Network Capabilities
Table 4 Power Allowances in Sleep Mode for Additional Capabilities
Example 1: A digital picture frame with only one bridging or network capability connected and enabled during Sleep Mode testing, Wi-Fi, and no additional capabilities enabled during Sleep Mode testing, would qualify for the 2,0 W Wi-Fi adder. Recalling that , . Example 2: A computer monitor with USB 3.x and DisplayPort (non-video connection) bridging capability shall be tested with only the USB 3.x connected and enabled. Assuming no additional capabilities are enabled during Sleep Mode testing, this display would qualify for the 0,7 W USB 3.x adder. Recalling that , . Example 3: A computer monitor with one bridging and one network capability, USB 3.x and Wi-Fi, shall be tested with both capabilities connected and enabled during Sleep Mode testing. Assuming no additional capabilities are enabled during Sleep Mode testing, this display would qualify for the 0,7 W USB 3.x adder and the 2,0 W Wi-Fi adder. Recalling that , . |
3.4.3. |
For products that offer more than one Sleep Mode (e.g., ‘Sleep’ and ‘Deep Sleep’), measured Sleep Mode power (PSLEEP) in any Sleep Mode shall not exceed PSLEEP_MAX in the case of products without data or networking connection capabilities, or PSLEEP_AP, in the case of products tested with additional power-consuming capabilities, such as data bridge connections or networking connections. If the product has a variety of Sleep Modes that may be manually selected, or if the product can enter Sleep Mode via different methods (e.g., remote control or putting the host PC to sleep), the measured Sleep Mode power (PSLEEP) of the Sleep Mode with the highest PSLEEP, as measured per Section 6.5 of the Test Method, shall be the PSLEEP reported for qualification. If the product automatically transitions through its various Sleep Modes, the average PSLEEP of all Sleep Modes as measured in Section 6.5 of the Test Method shall be the PSLEEP reported for qualification |
3.5. Off Mode Requirements
Measured Off Mode power (POFF) shall be less than or equal to the Maximum Off Mode Power Requirement (POFF_MAX) specified in Table 5.
Table 5
Maximum Off Mode Power Requirement (POFF_MAX)
POFF_MAX
(watts)
0,5
3.6. Maximum reported and maximum measured luminance shall be reported for all products; as shipped luminance shall be reported for all products except those with ABC enabled by default.
4. Test requirements
4.1. Test Methods
For products placed on the market of the European Union manufacturers are required to perform tests and self-certify those models that meet Energy Star guidelines. Test methods identified below shall be used to determine qualification for ENERGY STAR.
Product Type |
Test Method |
All Product Types and Screen Sizes |
ENERGY STAR Test Method for Determining Displays Energy Use Version 6.0 – Rev. Jan-2013 |
4.2. Number of Units Required for Testing
4.2.1. |
One unit of a Representative Model, as defined in Section 1, shall be selected for testing. |
4.2.2. |
For qualification of a product family, the product configuration that represents the worst-case power consumption for each product category within the family shall be considered the Representative Model. |
4.3. International Market Qualification
Products shall be tested for qualification at the relevant input voltage/frequency combination for each market in which they will be sold and promoted as ENERGY STAR.
5. User Interface
Manufacturers are encouraged to design products in accordance with the user interface standard, IEEE P1621: Standard for User Interface Elements in Power Control of Electronic Devices Employed in Office/Consumer Environments. For details, see http://eetd.LBL.gov/Controls. In the event that the manufacturer does not adopt IEEE P1621, the manufacturer shall provide EPA or the European Commission, as appropriate with its rationale for not doing so.
6. Effective date
6.1. |
The date that manufacturers may begin to qualify products as Energy Star under this Version 6.0, will be defined as the effective date of the Agreement. To qualify for ENERGY STAR, a product model shall meet the ENERGY STAR specification in effect on its date of manufacture. The date of manufacture is specific to each unit and is the date (e.g., month and year) on which a unit is considered to be completely assembled. |
6.2. |
Future Specification Revisions: EPA and the European Commission reserve the right to change this specification should technological and/or market changes affect its usefulness to consumers, industry, or the environment. In keeping with current policy, revisions to the specification are arrived at through stakeholder discussions. In the event of a specification revision, please note ENERGY STAR qualification is not automatically granted for the life of a model. |
7. Considerations for future revisions
7.1. Displays Larger Than 61 in Diagonal Screen Size
It is understood that interactive displays greater than 60’ in diagonal screen size are currently available in the market and are namely used for commercial and educational purposes. There is interest in better understanding the power consumption associated with these products when tested according to the Displays Test Method and EPA and the European Commission will work with stakeholders prior to, and during, the next specification revision development process to access the information. EPA and the European Commission are in principle interested in exploring expanding the scope of products to those greater than 61’ in diagonal screen size in the next specification revision.
7.2. Touch Screen Functionality
EPA and the European Commission are committed to continuing to develop performance levels for displays that account for new features and functionality, and anticipate that displays with touch screen functionality, which are included in the scope of this specification, will become more prevalent in the market, especially among signage displays. Going forward, EPA, DOE and the European Commission will explore with stakeholders whether touch screen functionality impacts On Mode power consumption to determine to what extent the next specification development process should address touch screen functionality.
II. UNINTERRUPTIBLE POWER SUPPLIES SPECIFICATIONS
1. Definitions
Unless otherwise specified, all terms used in this document are consistent with the definitions in the International Electrical Commission (IEC) standard IEC 62040-3 (1).
For the purpose of this specification the following definitions apply:
Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS): Combination of convertors, switches, and energy storage devices (such as batteries) constituting a power system for maintaining continuity of load power in case of input power failure (2).
1.1. |
Power conversion mechanism:
|
1.2. |
Modular UPS: A UPS comprised of two or more single UPS units, sharing one or more common frames and a common energy storage system, whose outputs, in Normal Mode of operation, are connected to a common output bus contained entirely within the frame(s). The total quantity of single UPS units in a modular UPS equals ‘n + r’ where n is the quantity of single UPS units required to support the load; r is the quantity of redundant UPS units. Modular UPSs may be used to provide redundancy, to scale capacity or both. |
1.3. |
Redundancy: Addition of UPS units in a parallel UPS to enhance the continuity of load power, and classified as follows.
|
1.4. |
UPS Operational Modes:
|
1.5. |
UPS Input Dependency Characteristics:
|
1.6. |
Single-normal-mode UPS: A UPS that functions in Normal Mode within the parameters of only one set of input dependency characteristics. For example, a UPS that functions only as VFI. |
1.7. |
Multiple-normal-mode UPS: A UPS that functions in Normal Mode within the parameters of more than one set of input dependency characteristics. For example, a UPS that can function as either VFI or VFD. |
1.8. |
Bypass: Power path alternative to the ac converter.
|
1.9. |
Reference Test Load: Load or condition in which the output of the UPS delivers the active power (W) for which the UPS is rated (5). |
1.10. |
Unit Under Test (UUT): The UPS undergoing the test, configured as though for shipment to the customer, and including any accessories (e.g., filters or transformers) necessary to meet the test setup as specified in Section 3 of the ENERGY STAR Test Method. |
1.11. |
Power Factor: Ratio of the absolute value of active power P to the apparent power S. |
1.12. |
Product Family: A group of product models that are (1) made by the same manufacturer, (2) subject to the same ENERGY STAR qualification criteria, and (3) of a common basic design. For UPSs, acceptable variations within a product family include:
|
1.13. |
Abbreviations:
(a) A: Ampere (b) ac: Alternating Current (c) dc: Direct Current (d) DRUPS: Diesel coupled rotary UPS (e) RUPS: Rotary UPS (f) THD: Total Harmonic Distortion (g) UPS: Uninterruptible Power Supply (h) UUT: Unit Under Test (i) V: Volt (j) VFD: Voltage and Frequency Dependent (k) VFI: Voltage and Frequency Independent (l) VI: Voltage Independent (m) W: Watt (n) Wh: Watt-hour |
2. Scope
2.1. Products that meet the definition of an Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) as specified herein including Static and Rotary UPSs and Ac-output UPSs and Dc-output UPSs/Rectifiers are eligible for ENERGY STAR qualification, with the exception of products listed in Section 2.3.
2.2. Products eligible for qualification under this specification include:
(a) |
Consumer UPSs intended to protect desktop computers and related peripherals, and/or home entertainment devices such as TVs, set top boxes, DVRs, Blu-ray and DVD players; |
(b) |
Commercial UPSs intended to protect small business and branch office information and communication technology equipment such as servers, network switches and routers, and small storage arrays; |
(c) |
Data Center UPSs intended to protect large installations of information and communication technology equipment such as enterprise servers, networking equipment, and large storage arrays; and, |
(d) |
Telecommunications Dc-output UPSs/Rectifiers intended to protect telecommunication network systems located within a central office or at a remote wireless/cellular site. |
2.3. Excluded Products
2.3.1. |
Products that are covered under other ENERGY STAR product specifications are not eligible for qualification under this specification. The list of specifications currently in effect can be found at www.eu-energystar.org. |
2.3.2. |
The following products are not eligible for qualification under this specification:
|
3. Qualification Criteria
3.1. Significant Digits and Rounding
3.1.1. |
All calculations shall be carried out with directly measured (unrounded) values. |
3.1.2. |
Unless otherwise specified, compliance with specification limits shall be evaluated using directly measured or calculated values without any benefit from rounding. |
3.1.3. |
Directly measured or calculated values that are submitted for reporting on the ENERGY STAR website shall be rounded to the nearest significant digit as expressed in the corresponding specification limit. |
3.2. Energy Efficiency Requirements for Ac output UPSs
3.2.1. |
Single-normal-mode UPSs: Average loading-adjusted efficiency (EffAVG), as calculated per Equation 1, shall be greater than or equal to the Minimum Average Efficiency Requirement (EffAVG_MIN), as determined per Table 2, for the specified rated output power and input dependency characteristic, except as specified below.
For products with rated output power greater than 10 000 W and communication and measurement capability, as specified in Section 3.6, average loading-adjusted efficiency (EffAVG), as calculated per Equation 1, shall be greater than or equal to the Minimum Average Efficiency Requirement (EffAVG_MIN), as determined per Table 3, for the specified input dependency characteristic. Equation 1: Calculation of Average Efficiency for Ac-output UPSs
Where:
Table 1 Ac-output UPS Loading Assumptions for Calculating Average Efficiency
Table 2 Ac-output UPS Minimum Average Efficiency Requirement
Table 3 Ac-output UPS Minimum Average Efficiency Requirement for Products with Metering and Communications Capability
|
3.2.2. |
Multiple-normal-mode UPSs that Do Not Ship with the Highest Input Dependency Mode Enabled by Default: If the Multiple-normal-mode UPS does not ship with its highest input dependency mode enabled by default, its average loading-adjusted efficiency (EffAVG), as calculated per Equation 1, shall be greater than or equal to:
|
3.2.3. |
Multiple-normal-mode UPSs that Ship with the Highest Input Dependency Mode Enabled by Default: If the Multiple-normal-mode UPS does ship with its highest input dependency mode enabled by default, its average loading-adjusted efficiency (EffAVG), as calculated per Equation 2, shall be greater than or equal to:
Equation 2: Calculation of Average Efficiency for Multiple-normal-mode Ac-output UPSs
Where:
|
3.3. Energy Efficiency Requirements for Dc-output UPSs/Rectifiers
Average loading-adjusted efficiency (EffAVG), as calculated per Equation 3, shall be greater than or equal to the Minimum Average Efficiency Requirement (EffAVG_MIN), as determined per Table 4. This requirement shall apply to complete systems and/or individual modules. Manufacturers can qualify either, subject to the following requirements:
(a) |
Complete systems that are also modular shall be qualified as Modular UPS Product Families with a particular model of module installed, |
(b) |
Qualification of individual modules will have no bearing on the qualification of modular systems unless the entire systems are also qualified as specified above. |
(c) |
For products with rated output power greater than 10 000 W and communication and measurement capability, as specified in Section 3.6, average loading-adjusted efficiency (EffAVG), as calculated per Equation 3, shall be greater than or equal to the Minimum Average Efficiency Requirement (EffAVG_MIN), as determined per Table 5. |
Equation 3: Calculation of Average Efficiency for All Dc-output UPSs
Table 4
Dc-output UPS/Rectifier Minimum Average Efficiency Requirement
Minimum Average Efficiency
Requirement (EffAVG_MIN)
0,955
Table 5
Dc-output UPS/Rectifier Minimum Average Efficiency Requirement for Products with Metering and Communications Capability
Rated Output Power |
Minimum Average Efficiency Requirement (EffAVG_MIN) |
P > 10 000 W |
0,945 |
3.4. Power Factor Requirements
The measured input power factor of all Ac-output UPSs at 100 percent of the Reference Test Load shall be greater than or equal to the Minimum Power Factor Requirement specified in Table 6 for all VFI and VI Normal Modes required for qualification.
Table 6
UPS Minimum Input Power Factor Requirement for Ac-output UPSs
Minimum Power Factor
Requirement
0,90
3.5. Standard Information Reporting Requirements
3.5.1. |
Data for a standardized Power and Performance Data Sheet (PPDS) shall be submitted to EPA and/or the European Commission for each model or Product Family. |
3.5.2. |
Further details on the PPDS can be found on the ENERGY STAR web page for UPS at www.energystar.gov/products.
The PPDS contains the following information:
|
3.5.3. |
EPA and the European Commission may periodically revise this PPDS, as necessary, and will notify Partners of the revision process. |
3.6. Communication and Measurement Requirements
3.6.1. |
Ac-output UPSs and Dc-output UPSs/Rectifiers with rated output power greater than 10 000 W may qualify for a 1 percentage point efficiency incentive, as reflected in Tables 3 and 5, if sold with an energy meter possessing the following characteristics:
|
3.6.2. |
Requirements for External Meters: External meters bundled with the UPS shall meet one of the following requirements for the UPS to obtain the metering efficiency incentive:
|
3.6.3. |
Requirements for Integral Meters: Integral meters shall meet the following requirements under the conditions specified in Section 3.6.4 for the UPS to obtain the metering efficiency incentive:
Exhibit a relative error in energy measurement less than or equal to 5 percent compared to a standard when part of a complete measurement system (including current transformers integrated with the meter and UPS). |
3.6.4. |
Environmental and Electrical Conditions for Meter Accuracy: The meter shall meet the requirements specified in Section 3.6.2 or 3.6.3 under the following conditions:
|
4. Testing
4.1. Test Methods
For products placed on the market of the European Union manufacturers are required to perform tests and self-certify those models that meet Energy Star guidelines. When testing UPSs, the test methods identified in Table 7 shall be used to determine ENERGY STAR qualification.
Table 7
Test Methods for ENERGY STAR Qualification
Product Type |
Test Method |
All UPSs |
ENERGY STAR Test Method for Uninterruptible Power Supplies, Rev. May-2012 |
4.2. Number of Units Required for Testing
4.2.1. |
Representative Models shall be selected for testing per the following requirements:
|
4.2.2. |
A single unit of each Representative Model shall be selected for testing. |
4.2.3. |
All tested units shall meet ENERGY STAR qualification criteria. |
5. Effective Date
5.1. |
The date that manufacturers may begin to qualify products as Energy Star under this Version 1.0, will be defined as the effective date of the Agreement. To qualify for ENERGY STAR, a product model shall meet the ENERGY STAR specification in effect on its date of manufacture. The date of manufacture is specific to each unit and is the date on which a unit is considered to be completely assembled. |
5.2. |
Future Specification Revisions: EPA and the European Commission reserve the right to change this specification should technological and/or market changes affect its usefulness to consumers, industry, or the environment. In keeping with current policy, revisions to the specification are arrived at through stakeholder discussions. In the event of a specification revision, please note that the ENERGY STAR qualification is not automatically granted for the life of a product model. |
III. COMPUTER SERVERS SPECIFICATION (VERSION 2.0)
1. Definitions
1.1. Product Types
1.1.1. |
Computer Server: A computer that provides services and manages networked resources for client devices (e.g., desktop computers, notebook computers, thin clients, wireless devices, PDAs, IP telephones, other computer servers, or other network devices). A computer server is sold through enterprise channels for use in data centres and office/corporate environments. A computer server is primarily accessed via network connections, versus directly-connected user input devices such as a keyboard or mouse. For purposes of this specification, a computer server must meet all of the following criteria:
|
1.1.2. |
Managed Server: A computer server that is designed for a high level of availability in a highly managed environment. For purposes of this specification, a managed server must meet all of the following criteria:
|
1.1.3. |
Blade System: A system comprised of a blade chassis and one or more removable blade servers and/or other units (e.g., blade storage, blade network equipment). Blade systems provide a scalable means for combining multiple blade server or storage units in a single enclosure, and are designed to allow service technicians to easily add or replace (hot-swap) blades in the field.
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1.1.4. |
Fully Fault Tolerant Server: A computer server that is designed with complete hardware redundancy, in which every computing component is replicated between two nodes running identical and concurrent workloads (i.e., if one node fails or needs repair, the second node can run the workload alone to avoid downtime). A fully fault tolerant server uses two systems to simultaneously and repetitively run a single workload for continuous availability in a mission critical application. |
1.1.5. |
Resilient Server: A computer server designed with extensive Reliability, Availability, Serviceability (RAS) and scalability features integrated in the micro architecture of the system, CPU and chipset. For purposes of ENERGY STAR qualification under this specification, a Resilient Server shall have the characteristics as described in Appendix B of this specification. |
1.1.6. |
Multi-node Server: A computer server that is designed with two or more independent server nodes that share a single enclosure and one or more power supplies. In a multi-node server, power is distributed to all nodes through shared power supplies. Server nodes in a multi-node server are not designed to be hot-swappable.
Dual-node Server: A common multi-node server configuration consisting of two server nodes. |
1.1.7. |
Server Appliance: A computer server that is bundled with a pre-installed OS and application software that is used to perform a dedicated function or set of tightly coupled functions. Server appliances deliver services through one or more networks (e.g., IP or SAN), and are typically managed through a web or command line interface. Server appliance hardware and software configurations are customized by the vendor to perform a specific task (e.g., name services, firewall services, authentication services, encryption services, and voice-over-IP (VoIP) services), and are not intended to execute user-supplied software. |
1.1.8. |
High Performance Computing (HPC) System: A computing system which is designed and optimized to execute highly parallel applications. HPC systems feature a large number of clustered homogeneous nodes often featuring high speed inter-processing interconnects as well as large memory capability and bandwidth. HPC systems may be purposely built, or assembled from more commonly available computer servers. HPC systems must meet ALL the following criteria:
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1.1.9. |
Direct Current (dc) Server: A computer server that is designed solely to operate on a dc power source. |
1.1.10. |
Large Server: A resilient/scalable server which ships as a pre-integrated/pre-tested system housed in one or more full frames or racks and that includes a high connectivity I/O subsystem with a minimum of 32 dedicated I/O slots. |
1.2. Product Category
A second-order classification or sub-type within a product type that is based on product features and installed components. Product categories are used in this specification to determine qualification and test requirements.
1.3. Computer Server Form Factors
1.3.1. |
Rack-mounted Server: A computer server that is designed for deployment in a standard 19-inch data centre rack as defined by EIA-310, IEC 60297, or DIN 41494. For the purposes of this specification, a blade server is considered under a separate category and excluded from the rack-mounted category. |
1.3.2. |
Pedestal Server: A self-contained computer server that is designed with PSUs, cooling, I/O devices, and other resources necessary for stand-alone operation. The frame of a pedestal server is similar to that of a tower client computer. |
1.4. Computer Server Components
1.4.1. |
Power Supply Unit (PSU): A device that converts ac or dc input power to one or more dc power outputs for the purpose of powering a computer server. A computer server PSU must be self-contained and physically separable from the motherboard and must connect to the system via a removable or hard-wired electrical connection.
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1.4.2. |
I/O Device: A device which provides data input and output capability between a computer server and other devices. An I/O device may be integral to the computer server motherboard or may be connected to the motherboard via expansion slots (e.g., PCI, PCIe). Examples of I/O devices include discrete Ethernet devices, InfiniBand devices, RAID/SAS controllers, and Fibre Channel devices.
I/O Port: Physical circuitry within an I/O device where an independent I/O session can be established. A port is not the same as a connector receptacle; it is possible that a single connector receptacle can service multiple ports of the same interface. |
1.4.3. |
Motherboard: The main circuit board of the server. For purposes of this specification, the motherboard includes connectors for attaching additional boards and typically includes the following components: processor, memory, BIOS, and expansion slots. |
1.4.4. |
Processor: The logic circuitry that responds to and processes the basic instructions that drive a server. For purposes of this specification, the processor is the central processing unit (CPU) of the computer server. A typical CPU is a physical package to be installed on the server motherboard via a socket or direct solder attachment. The CPU package may include one or more processor cores. |
1.4.5. |
Memory: For purposes of this specification, memory is a part of a server external to the processor in which information is stored for immediate use by the processor. |
1.4.6. |
Hard Drive (HDD): The primary computer storage device which reads and writes to one or more rotating magnetic disk platters. |
1.4.7. |
Solid State Drive (SSD): A storage device that uses memory chips instead of rotating magnetic platters for data storage. |
1.5. Other Datacenter Equipment:
1.5.1. |
Network Equipment: A device whose primary function is to pass data among various network interfaces, providing data connectivity among connected devices (e.g., routers and switches). Data connectivity is achieved via the routing of data packets encapsulated according to internet Protocol, Fibre Channel, InfiniBand or similar protocol. |
1.5.2. |
Storage Product: A fully-functional storage system that supplies data storage services to clients and devices attached directly or through a network. Components and subsystems that are an integral part of the storage product architecture (e.g., to provide internal communications between controllers and disks) are considered to be part of the storage product. In contrast, components that are normally associated with a storage environment at the data centre level (e.g., devices required for operation of an external SAN) are not considered to be part of the storage product. A storage product may be composed of integrated storage controllers, storage devices, embedded network elements, software, and other devices. While storage products may contain one or more embedded processors, these processors do not execute user-supplied software applications but may execute data-specific applications (e.g., data replication, backup utilities, data compression, install agents). |
1.5.3. |
Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS): Combination of convertors, switches, and energy storage devices (such as batteries) constituting a power system for maintaining continuity of load power in case of input power failure. |
1.6. Operational Modes and Power States
1.6.1. |
Idle State: The operational state in which the OS and other software have completed loading, the computer server is capable of completing workload transactions, but no active workload transactions are requested or pending by the system (i.e., the computer server is operational, but not performing any useful work). For systems where ACPI standards are applicable, Idle State correlates only to ACPI System Level S0. |
1.6.2. |
Active State: The operational state in which the computer server is carrying out work in response to prior or concurrent external requests (e.g., instruction over the network). Active state includes both (1) active processing and (2) data seeking/retrieval from memory, cache, or internal/external storage while awaiting further input over the network. |
1.7. Other Key Terms
1.7.1. |
Controller System: A computer or computer server that manages a benchmark evaluation process. The controller system performs the following functions:
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1.7.2. |
Network Client (Testing): A computer or computer server that generates workload traffic for transmission to a unit under test (UUT) connected via a network switch. |
1.7.3. |
RAS Features: An acronym for reliability, availability, and serviceability features. RAS is sometimes expanded to RASM, which adds ‘Manageability’ criteria. The three primary components of RAS as related to a computer server are defined as follows:
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1.7.4. |
Server Processor Utilization: The ratio of processor computing activity to full-load processor computing activity at a specified voltage and frequency, measured instantaneously or with a short term average of use over a set of active and/or idle cycles. |
1.7.5. |
Hypervisor: A type of hardware virtualization technique that enables multiple guest operating systems to run on a single host system at the same time. |
1.7.6. |
Auxiliary Processing Accelerators (APAs): Computing expansion add-in cards installed in general-purpose add-in expansion slots (e.g., GPGPUs installed in a PCI slot). |
1.7.7. |
Buffered DDR Channel: Channel or Memory Port connecting a Memory Controller to a defined number of memory devices (e.g. DIMMs) in a computer server. A typical computer server may contain multiple Memory Controllers, which may in turn support one or more Buffered DDR Channels. As such, each Buffered DDR Channel serves only a fraction of the total addressable memory space in a computer server. |
1.8. Product Family
A high-level description referring to a group of computers sharing one chassis/motherboard combination that often contains hundreds of possible hardware and software configurations.
1.8.1. Common Product Family Attributes: A set of features common to all models/configurations within a product family that constitute a common basic design. All models/configurations within a product family must share the following:
(a) |
Be from the same model line or machine type; |
(b) |
Either share the same form factor (i.e., rack-mounted, blade, pedestal) or share the same mechanical and electrical designs with only superficial mechanical differences to enable a design to support multiple form factors; |
(c) |
Either share processors from a single defined processor series or share processors that plug into a common socket type. |
(d) |
Share PSUs that perform with efficiencies greater than or equal to the efficiencies at all required load points specified in Section 3.2 (i.e., 10 %, 20 %, 50 %, and 100 % of maximum rated load for single-output; 20 %, 50 %, and 100 % of maximum rated load for multi-output). |
1.8.2. Product Family Tested Product Configurations
(a) |
Purchase Consideration Variations:
|
(b) |
Typical Configuration:
Typical Configuration: A product configuration that lies between the Minimum and Maximum Power configurations and is representative of a deployed product with high volume sales. |
(c) |
Power Utilization Variations:
|
2. Scope
2.1. Included Products
A product must meet the definition of a Computer Server provided in Section 1 of this document to be eligible for ENERGY STAR qualification under this specification. Eligibility under Version 2.0 is limited to Blade-, Multi-node, Rack-mounted, or Pedestal form factor computer servers with no more than four processor sockets in the computer server (or per blade or node in the case of blade or multi-node servers) Products explicitly excluded from Version 2.0 are identified in Section 2.2.
2.2. Excluded Products
2.2.1. |
Products that are covered under other ENERGY STAR product specifications are not eligible for qualification under this specification. The list of specifications currently in effect can be found at www.eu-energystar.org/. |
2.2.2. |
The following products are not eligible for qualification under this specification:
|
3. Qualification Criteria
3.1. Significant Digits and Rounding
3.1.1. |
All calculations shall be carried out with directly measured (unrounded) values. |
3.1.2. |
Unless otherwise specified, compliance with specification limits shall be evaluated using directly measured or calculated values without any benefit from rounding. |
3.1.3. |
Directly measured or calculated values that are submitted for reporting on the ENERGY STAR website shall be rounded to the nearest significant digit as expressed in the corresponding specification limit. |
3.2. Power Supply Requirements
3.2.1. |
Power supply test data and test reports from testing entities recognized by EPA to perform power supply testing shall be accepted for the purpose of qualifying the ENERGY STAR product. |
3.2.2. |
Power Supply Efficiency Criteria: Power Supplies used in products eligible under this specification must meet the following requirements when tested using the Generalized Internal Power Supply Efficiency Test Protocol, Rev. 6.6 (available at www.efficientpowersupplies.org). Power Supply data generated using Rev. 6.4.2 (as required in Version 1.1), 6.4.3, or 6.5 are acceptable provided the test was conducted prior to the effective date of Version 2.0 of this specification.
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3.2.3. |
Power Supply Power Factor Criteria: Power Supplies used in Computers eligible under this specification must meet the following requirements when tested using the Generalized Internal Power Supply Efficiency Test Protocol, Rev. 6.6 (available at www.efficientpowersupplies.org). Power Supply data generated using Rev. 6.4.2 (as required in Version 1.1), 6.4.3, or 6.5 are acceptable provided the test was conducted prior to the effective date of Version 2.0.
Table 2 Power Factor Requirements for PSUs
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3.3. Power Management Requirements
3.3.1. |
Server Processor Power Management: To qualify for ENERGY STAR, a Computer Server must offer processor power management that is enabled by default in the BIOS and/or through a management controller, service processor, and/or the operating system shipped with the computer server. All processors must be able to reduce power consumption in times of low utilization by:
|
3.3.2. |
Supervisor Power Management: To qualify for ENERGY STAR, a product which offers a pre-installed supervisor system (e.g., operating system, hypervisor) must offer supervisor system power management that is enabled by default. |
3.3.3. |
Power Management Reporting: To qualify for ENERGY STAR, all power management techniques that are enabled by default must be itemized on the Power and Performance Data Sheet. This requirement applies to power management features in the BIOS, operating system, or any other origin that can be configured by the end-user. |
3.4. Blade and Multi-Node System Criteria
3.4.1. |
Blade and Multi-Node Thermal Management and Monitoring: To qualify for ENERGY STAR, a blade or multi-node server must provide real-time chassis or blade/node inlet temperature monitoring and fan speed management capability that is enabled by default. |
3.4.2. |
Blade and Multi-Node Server Shipping Documentation: To qualify for ENERGY STAR, a blade or multi-node server that is shipped to a customer independent of the chassis must be accompanied with documentation to inform the customer that the blade or multi-node server is ENERGY STAR qualified only if it is installed in a chassis meeting requirements in Section 3.4.1 of this document. A list of qualifying chassis and ordering information must also be provided as part of product collateral provided with the blade or multi-node server. These requirements may be met via either printed materials, electronic documentation provided with the blade or multi-node server, or information publically available on the Partner’s website where information about the blade or multi-node server is found. |
3.5. Active State Efficiency Criteria
3.5.1. |
Active State Efficiency Reporting: To qualify for ENERGY STAR, a Computer Server or Computer Server Product Family must be submitted for qualification with the following information disclosed in full and in the context of the complete Active State efficiency rating test report:
Data reporting and formatting requirements are discussed in Section 4.1 of this specification. |
3.5.2. |
Incomplete Reporting: Partners shall not selectively report individual workload module results, or otherwise present efficiency rating tool results in any form other than a complete test report, in customer documentation or marketing materials. |
3.6. Idle State Efficiency Criteria – One-Socket (1S) and Two-Socket (2S) Servers (neither Blade nor Multi-Node)
3.6.1. |
Idle State Data Reporting: Maximum Idle State power (PIDLE_MAX) shall be measured and reported, both in qualification materials and as required in Section 4. |
3.6.2. |
Idle State Efficiency: Measured Idle State power (PIDLE) shall be less than or equal to the Maximum Idle State Power Requirement (PIDLE_MAX), as calculated per Equation 1.
Equation 1: Calculation of Maximum Idle State Power
Where:
Table 3 Base Idle State Power Allowances for 1S and 2S Servers
Table 4 Additional Idle Power Allowances for Extra Components
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3.7. Idle State Efficiency Criteria – Three-Socket (3S) and Four-Socket (4S) Servers (neither Blade nor Multi-Node)
Idle State Data Reporting: Idle State power (PIDLE) shall be measured and reported, both in qualification materials and as required in Section 4.
3.8. Idle State Efficiency Criteria – Blade Servers
3.8.1. |
Idle State Data Reporting: Idle State power (PTOT_BLADE_SYS) and (PBLADE) shall be measured and reported, both in qualification materials and as required in Section 4. |
3.8.2. |
The testing of Blade Servers for compliance with Section 3.8.1 shall be carried out under all of the following conditions:
Equation 2: Calculation of Single Blade Power
Where:
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3.9. Idle State Efficiency Criteria – Multi-Node Servers
3.9.1. |
Idle State Data Reporting: Idle State power (PTOT_NODE_SYS) and (PNODE) shall be measured and reported, both in qualification materials and as required in Section 4, below. |
3.9.2. |
The testing of Multi-Node Servers for compliance with Section 3.9.1 shall be carried out under all of the following conditions:
Equation 3: Calculation of Single Node Power
Where:
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3.10. Other Testing Criteria
APA Requirements: For all computer servers sold with APAs, the following criteria and provisions apply:
(a) |
For single configurations: All Idle State testing shall be conducted both with and without the APAs installed. Idle Power measurements taken both with the APAs installed and removed shall be submitted to EPA or the European Commission, as appropriate as part of ENERGY STAR qualification materials. |
(b) |
For Product Families: Idle State testing shall be conducted both with and without the APAs installed in the Maximum Power/High-end Performance Configuration found in 1.8.2. Testing with and without the APAs installed may optionally be conducted and disclosed at the other test points. |
(c) |
Idle State power measurements taken both with the APAs installed and removed shall be submitted to EPA or the European Commission, as appropriate as part of ENERGY STAR qualification materials. These measurements shall be submitted for each individual APA product that is intended for sale with the qualified configuration. |
(d) |
Measurements of PIDLE in Sections 3.6 and 3.7, PBLADE in Section 3.8 and PNODE in Section 3.9 shall be performed with APAs removed, even if they are installed as-shipped. These measurements shall then be repeated with each APA installed, one at a time, to evaluate Idle State power consumption of each installed APA. |
(e) |
The Idle State power consumption of each installed APA in qualified configurations shall not exceed 46 watts. |
(f) |
The Idle State power consumption of each individual APA product sold with a qualified configuration shall be reported. |
4. Standard Information Reporting Requirements
Data Reporting Requirements
4.1. |
All required data fields in the ENERGY STAR Version 2.0 Computer Servers Qualified Product Exchange form shall be submitted to the European Commission for each ENERGY STAR qualified Computer Server or Computer Server Product Family.
|
4.2. |
The following data will be displayed on the EU ENERGY STAR Web site through the product finder tool:
|
4.3. |
EPA and the European Commission may periodically revise this list, as necessary, and will notify and invite stakeholder engagement in such a revision process. |
5. Standard Performance Data Measurement and Output Requirements
5.1. Measurement and Output
5.1.1. |
A computer server must provide data on input power consumption (W), inlet air temperature (°C), and average utilization of all logical CPUs. Data must be made available in a published or user-accessible format that is readable by third-party, non-proprietary management software over a standard network. For blade and multi-node servers and systems, data may be aggregated at the chassis level. |
5.1.2. |
Computer servers classified as Class B equipment as set out in EN 55022:2006 are exempt from the requirements to provide data on input power consumption and inlet air temperature in 5.1.1. Class B refers to household and home office equipment (intended for use in the domestic environment). All computer servers in the program must meet the requirement and conditions to report utilization of all logical CPUs. |
5.2. Reporting Implementation
5.2.1. |
Products may use either embedded components or add-in devices that are packaged with the computer server to make data available to end users (e.g., a service processor, embedded power or thermal meter (or other out-of-band technology), or pre-installed OS); |
5.2.2. |
Products that include a pre-installed OS must include all necessary drivers and software for end users to access standardized data as specified in this document. Products that do not include a pre-installed OS must be packaged with printed documentation of how to access registers that contain relevant sensor information. This requirement may be met via either printed materials, electronic documentation provided with the computer server, or information publically available on the Partner’s website where information about the computer server is found. |
5.2.3. |
When an open and universally available data collection and reporting standard becomes available, manufacturers should incorporate the universal standard into their systems; |
5.2.4. |
Evaluation of the accuracy (5.3) and sampling (5.4) requirements shall be completed through review of data from component product datasheets. If this data is absent, Partner declaration shall be used to evaluate accuracy and sampling. |
5.3. Measurement Accuracy
5.3.1. |
Input power: Measurements must be reported with accuracy of at least ± 5 % of the actual value, with a maximum level of accuracy of ± 10 W for each installed PSU (i.e., power reporting accuracy for each power supply is never required to be better than ± 10 watts) through the operating range from Idle to full power; |
5.3.2. |
Processor utilization: Average utilization must be estimated for each logical CPU that is visible to the OS and must be reported to the operator or user of the computer server through the operating environment (OS or hypervisor); |
5.3.3. |
Inlet air temperature: Measurements must be reported with an accuracy of at least ± 2 °C. |
5.4. Sampling Requirements
5.4.1. |
Input power and processor utilization: Input power and processor utilization measurements must be sampled internally to the computer server at a rate of greater than or equal to measurement per contiguous 10 second period. A rolling average, encompassing a period of no more than 30 seconds, must be sampled internally to the computer server at a frequency of greater than or equal to once per ten seconds. |
5.4.2. |
Inlet air temperature: Inlet air temperature measurements must be sampled internally to the computer server at a rate of greater than or equal to 1 measurement every 10 seconds. |
5.4.3. |
Time stamping: Systems that implement time stamping of environmental data shall sample internally to the computer server data at a rate of greater than or equal to 1 measurement every 30 seconds. |
5.4.4. |
Management Software: All sampled measurements shall be made available to external management software either via an on-demand pull method, or via a coordinated push method. In either case the system’s management software is responsible for establishing the data delivery time scale while the computer server is responsible to assuring data delivered meets the above sampling and accuracy requirements. |
6. Testing
6.1. Test Methods
6.1.1. |
When testing Computer Server products, the test methods identified in Table 5 shall be used to determine ENERGY STAR qualification.
Table 5 Test Methods for ENERGY STAR Qualification
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6.1.2. |
When testing Computer Server products, UUTs must have all Processor Sockets populated during testing.
If a Computer Server cannot support populating all Processor Sockets during testing, then the system must be populated to its maximum functionality. These systems will be subject to the base idle state power allowance based on the number of sockets in the system. |
6.2. Number of Units Required for Testing
Representative Models shall be selected for testing per the following requirements:
(a) |
For qualification of an individual product configuration, the unique configuration that is intended to be marketed and labelled as ENERGY STAR is considered the Representative Model. |
(b) |
For qualification of a product family of all product types, one product configuration for each of the five points identified in definitions 1.8.2 within the family are considered Representative Models. All such representative models shall have the same Common Product Family Attributes as defined in 1.8.1. |
6.3. Qualifying Families of Products
6.3.1. |
Partners are encouraged to test and submit data on individual product configurations for qualification to ENERGY STAR. However, a Partner may qualify multiple product configurations under one Product Family designation if each configuration within the family meets one of the following requirements:
|
6.3.2. |
Partners are required to submit a Power and Performance Data Sheet for each product family that is submitted for qualification. |
6.3.3. |
All product configurations within a product family that is submitted for qualification must meet ENERGY STAR requirements, including products for which data was not reported. |
7. Effective Date
7.1. |
The effective date of this Version 2.0 ENERGY STAR Computer Servers specification will be defined as the effective date of the Agreement. To qualify for ENERGY STAR, a product model shall meet the ENERGY STAR specification in effect on its date of manufacture. The date of manufacture is specific to each unit and is the date on which a unit is considered to be completely assembled. |
7.2. |
Future Specification Revisions: EPA and the European Commission reserve the right to change this specification should technological and/or market changes affect its usefulness to consumers, industry, or the environment. In keeping with current policy, revisions to the specification are arrived at through stakeholder discussions. In the event of a specification revision, please note that the ENERGY STAR qualification is not automatically granted for the life of a product model. |
8. Considerations for Future Revisions
8.1. |
Active State Efficiency Criteria: EPA and the European Commission intend to set active state efficiency criteria in Version 3.0 for all computer server categories in which it has enough SERT data to adequately differentiate products. |
8.2. |
Right Sizing of Power Supplies: EPA and the European Commission will investigate opportunities for encouraging right-sizing of power supplies in Version 3.0. |
8.3. |
Inclusion of Dc-Dc Computer Servers: EPA and the European Commission encourage manufacturers to work with SPEC to develop support for dc servers in the SERT, so that dc computer servers may be considered for qualification in Version 3.0. |
8.4. |
Inclusion of Additional System Architectures: EPA and the European Commission encourage manufacturers to work with SPEC to develop support for architectures that are not currently supported by the SERT, but which represent a sizeable portion of the Computer Servers market. EPA and the European Commission will consider any architecture that is supported by the SERT prior to the development of Version 3.0. |
8.5. |
Removal of Adder for Additional Redundant Power Supplies: EPA and the European Commission are aware of technology that allows redundant power supplies to be kept in standby mode and only activated when needed. EPA and the European Commission encourage the adoption of this technology in computer servers, and will investigate whether the current adder for additional redundant power supplies is still necessary in Version 3.0. |
8.6. |
Auxiliary Processing Accelerator (APA) Requirements: EPA and the European Commission intends to revisit and potentially expand APA requirements in Version 3.0, based on APA data collected from Version 2.0 as well as the potential incorporation of APA evaluation in the SERT. |
8.7. |
Thermal Reporting and Testing Requirements: EPA and the European Commission plans to re-evaluate current temperature reporting and testing requirements to maximize the value of the data collected for manufacturers as well as data centre operators. |
Appendix A
Sample Calculations
1. Idle State Power Requirements
To determine the Maximum Idle State Power Requirement for ENERGY STAR qualification, determine the base idle state level from Table 3, and then add power allowances from Table 4 (provided in Section 3.6 of this Eligibility Criteria). An example is provided below:
Example: A standard single processor Computer Server with 8 GB of memory, two hard drives, and two I/O devices (the first with two 1 Gbit ports and the second with six 1 Gbit ports).
1.1. |
Base allowance:
|
1.2. |
Additional Idle Power Allowances: Calculate additional idle allowances for extra components from Table 4, provided for reference below.
|
1.3. |
Calculate the final idle allowance by adding the base allowance with the additional power allowances. The example system would be expected to consume no more than 78,0 watts at Idle to qualify (47,0 W + 16,0 W + 3,0 W + 12,0 W). |
2. Additional Idle Allowance — Power Supplies
The following examples illustrate the idle power allowances for additional power supplies:
2.1. |
If a Computer Server requires two power supplies to operate, and the configuration includes three installed power supplies, the server would receive an additional 20,0 watt idle power allowance. |
2.2. |
If the same server were instead shipped with four installed power supplies, it would receive an additional idle power allowance of 40,0 watts. |
3. Additional Idle Allowance — Additional Buffered DDR Channel
The following examples illustrate the idle power allowances for additional buffered DDR channels:
3.1. |
If a resilient Computer Server is shipped with six installed buffered DDR channels, the server would not receive an additional idle power allowance. |
3.2. |
If the same resilient server were instead shipped with 16 installed buffered DDR channels, it would receive an additional idle power allowance of 32,0 watts (first 8 channels = no additional allowance, second 8 channels = 4,0 watts × 8 buffered DDR channels). |
Appendix B
Identifying resilient server class
1. |
Processor RAS and Scalability — All of the following shall be supported:
|
2. |
Memory RAS and Scalability — All of the following capabilities and characteristics shall be present:
|
3. |
Power Supply RAS: All PSUs installed or shipped with the server shall be redundant and concurrently maintainable. The redundant and repairable components may also be housed within a single physical power supply, but must be repairable without requiring the system to be powered down. Support must be present to operate the system in degraded mode when power delivery capability is degraded due to failures in the power supplies or input power loss. |
4. |
Thermal and Cooling RAS: All active cooling components, such as fans or water-based cooling, shall be redundant and concurrently maintainable. The processor complex must have mechanisms to allow it to be throttled under thermal emergencies. Support must be present to operate the system in degraded mode when thermal emergencies are detected in system components. |
5. |
System Resiliency — no fewer than six of the following characteristics shall be present in the server:
|
6. |
System Scalability — All of the following shall be present in the server:
|
Appendix C
Test Method
1. Overview
The following test method shall be used for determining compliance with requirements in the ENERGY STAR Product Specification for Computer Servers and when acquiring test data for reporting of Idle State power and Active State power on the ENERGY STAR Power and Performance Data Sheet.
2. Applicability
The following test method is applicable to all products eligible for qualification under the ENERGY STAR Product Specification for Computer Servers.
3. Definitions
Unless otherwise specified, all terms used in this document are consistent with the definitions contained in the ENERGY STAR Product Specification for Computer Servers.
4. Test setup
4.1. |
Input Power: Input power shall be as specified in Tables 6 and 7. The frequency for input power shall be as specified in Table 8.
Table 6 Input Power Requirements for Products with Nameplate Rated Power Less Than or Equal to 1 500 watts (W)
Table 7 Input Power Requirements for Products with Nameplate Rated Power Greater Than 1 500 W
Table 8 Input Frequency Requirements for All Products
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4.2. |
Ambient Temperature: Ambient temperature shall be within 25 ± 5 °C. |
4.3. |
Relative Humidity: Relative humidity shall be within 15 % and 80 %. |
4.4. |
Power Analyser: The power analyser shall report true Root Mean Square (RMS) power and at least two of the following measurement units: voltage, current, and power factor. Power analysers shall possess the following attributes:
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4.5. |
Temperature Sensor: The temperature sensor shall possess the following attributes:
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4.6. |
Active State Test Tool: SERT 1.0.0, provided by Standard Performance Evaluation Corporation (SPEC) (13). |
4.7. |
Controller System: The Controller System may be a Server, a desktop computer, or a laptop and shall be used to record power and temperature data.
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4.8. |
General SERT Requirements: Any additional requirements specified in any SPEC or SERT 1.0.0 supporting documents shall be followed, unless otherwise specified in this test method. Supporting documents from SPEC include:
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5. Test conduct
5.1. Test Configuration
Power and efficiency shall be tested and reported for the Computer Servers being tested. Testing shall be conducted as follows:
5.1.1. |
As-shipped Condition: Products shall be tested in their ‘as-shipped’ configuration, which includes both hardware configuration and system settings, unless otherwise specified in this test method. Where relevant, all software options shall be set to their default condition. |
5.1.2. |
Measurement Location: All power measurements shall be taken at a point between the ac power source and the UUT. No Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) units may be connected between the power meter and the UUT. The power meter shall remain in place until all Idle and Active State power data are fully recorded. When testing a Blade System, power shall be measured at the input of the Blade Chassis (i.e., at the power supplies that convert data centre distribution power to Chassis distribution power). |
5.1.3. |
Air Flow: Purposefully directing air in the vicinity of the measured equipment in a way that would be inconsistent with normal data centre practices is prohibited. |
5.1.4. |
Power Supplies: All PSUs shall be connected and operational. UUTs with Multiple PSUs: All power supplies shall be connected to the ac power source and operational during the test. If necessary, a Power Distribution Unit (PDU) may be used to connect multiple power supplies to a single source. If a PDU is used, any overhead electrical use from the PDU shall be included in the power measurement of the UUT. When testing Blade Servers with half-populated Chassis configurations, the power supplies for the unpopulated power domains can be disconnected (see section 5.2.4(b) for more information). |
5.1.5. |
Power Management and Operating System: The as-shipped operating system or a representative operating system shall be installed. Products that are shipped without operating systems shall be tested with any compatible operating system installed. For all tests, the power management techniques and/or power saving features shall be left as-shipped. Any power management features which require the presence of an operating system (i.e. those that are not explicitly controlled by the Basic Input Output System (BIOS) or management controller) shall be tested using only those power management features enabled by the operating system by default. |
5.1.6. |
Storage: Products shall be tested for qualification with at least one Hard Disk Drive (HDD) or one Solid State Drive (SSD) installed. Products that do not include pre-installed hard drives (HDD or SSD) shall be tested using a storage configuration used in an identical model for sale that does include pre-installed hard drives. Products that do not support installation of hard drives (HDD or SSD) and, instead, rely exclusively on external storage solutions (e.g. storage area network) shall be tested using external storage solutions. |
5.1.7. |
Blade System and Dual/Multi-Node Servers: A Blade System or Dual/Multi-Node Server shall have identical configurations for each node or Blade Server including all hardware components and software/power management settings. These systems shall also be measured in a way that ensures all power from all tested nodes/Blade Servers is captured by the power meter during the entire test. |
5.1.8. |
Blade Chassis: The Blade Chassis, at a minimum, shall have power, cooling, and networking capabilities for all the Blade Servers. The Chassis shall be populated as specified in section 5.2.4. All power measurements for Blade Systems shall be made at the input of the Chassis. |
5.1.9. |
BIOS and UUT System Settings: All BIOS settings shall remain as-shipped unless otherwise specified in the test method. |
5.1.10. |
Input/Output (I/O) and Network Connection: The UUT shall have at least one port connected to an Ethernet network switch. The switch shall be capable of supporting the UUT’s highest and lowest rated network speeds. The network connection shall be live during all tests, and, although the link shall be ready and able to transmit packets, no specific traffic is required over the connection during testing. For the purpose of testing ensure the UUT offers at least one Ethernet port (using a single add-in card only if no onboard Ethernet support is offered). |
5.1.11. |
Ethernet Connections: Products shipped with support for Energy Efficient Ethernet (compliant with IEEE 802.3az) shall be connected only to Energy Efficient Ethernet compliant network equipment during testing. Appropriate measures shall be taken to enable EEE features on both ends of the network link during all tests. |
5.2. UUT Preparation
5.2.1. |
The UUT shall be tested with the processor sockets populated as specified in Section 6.1.2 of ENERGY STAR Eligibility Criteria Version 2.0. |
5.2.2. |
Install the UUT in a test rack or location. The UUT shall not be physically moved until testing is complete. |
5.2.3. |
If the UUT is a Multi-node system, the UUT shall be tested for per node power consumption in the fully-populated Chassis configuration. All Multi-node Servers installed in the Chassis shall be identical, sharing the same configuration. |
5.2.4. |
If the UUT is a Blade System, the UUT shall be tested for Blade Server power consumption in the half-populated Chassis configuration with an additional option of testing the UUT in the fully-populated Chassis configuration. For Blade Systems, populate the Chassis as follows:
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5.2.5. |
Connect the UUT to a live Ethernet (IEEE 802.3) network switch. The live connection shall be maintained for the duration of testing, except for brief lapses necessary for transitioning between link speeds. |
5.2.6. |
The Controller System required to provide SERT workload harness control, data acquisition, or other UUT testing support shall be connected to the same network switch as the UUT and satisfy all other UUT network requirements. Both the UUT and Controller System shall be configured to communicate via the network. |
5.2.7. |
Connect the power meter to an ac voltage source set to the appropriate voltage and frequency for the test, as specified in Section 4. |
5.2.8. |
Plug the UUT into the measurement power outlet on the power meter following the guidelines in 5.1.2. |
5.2.9. |
Connect the data output interface of the power meter and the temperature sensor to the appropriate input of the Controller System. |
5.2.10. |
Verify that the UUT is configured in its as–shipped configuration. |
5.2.11. |
Verify that the Controller System and UUT are connected on the same internal network via an Ethernet network switch. |
5.2.12. |
Use a normal ping command to verify that the Controller System and UUT can communicate with each other. |
5.2.13. |
Install SERT 1.0.0 on the UUT and the Controller System as specified in the SERT User Guide 1.0.0 (14). |
6. Test procedures for all products
6.1. Idle State Testing
6.1.1. |
Power on the UUT, either by switching it on or connecting it to mains power. |
6.1.2. |
Power on the Controller System. |
6.1.3. |
Begin recording elapsed time. |
6.1.4. |
Between 5 and 15 minutes after the completion of initial boot or log in, set the power meter to begin accumulating idle power values at an interval of greater than or equal to 1 reading per second. |
6.1.5. |
Accumulate idle power values for 30 minutes. The UUT shall maintain in Idle State throughout this period and shall not enter lower power states with limited functionality (e.g., sleep or hibernate). |
6.1.6. |
Record the average idle power (arithmetic mean) during the 30 minute test period. |
6.1.7. |
When testing a Multi-node or Blade System, proceed as follows to derive single node or single Blade Server power:
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6.2. Active State Testing Using SERT
6.2.1. |
Reboot the UUT. |
6.2.2. |
Between 5 and 15 minutes after the completion of initial boot or log in, follow the SERT User Guide 1.0.0 to engage SERT. |
6.2.3. |
Follow all steps outlined in the SERT User Guide 1.0.0 to successfully run SERT. |
6.2.4. |
Manual intervention or optimization to the Controller System, UUT, or its internal and external environment is prohibited during the execution of SERT. |
6.2.5. |
Once SERT is completed, include the following output files with all testing results:
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IV. IMAGING EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATION (VERSION 2.0)
1. Definitions
1.1. |
Product Types:
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1.2. |
Marking Technologies:
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1.3. |
Operational Modes:
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1.4. |
Media Format:
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1.5. |
Additional Terms:
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2. Scope
2.1. Included Products
2.1.1. |
Commercially-available products that meet one of the Imaging Equipment definitions in Section 1.1 and are capable of being powered from (1) a wall outlet, (2) a data or network connection, or (3) both a wall outlet and a data or network connection, are eligible for ENERGY STAR qualification, with the exception of products listed in Section 2.2. |
2.1.2. |
An Imaging Equipment product must further be classified as either ‘TEC’ or ‘OM’ in Table 1, below, depending on the method of ENERGY STAR evaluation.
Table 1 Evaluation Methods for Imaging Equipment
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2.2. Excluded Products
2.2.1. |
Products that are covered under other ENERGY STAR product specifications are not eligible for qualification under this specification. The list of specifications currently in effect can be found at www.eu-energystar.org. |
2.2.2. |
Products that satisfy one or more of the following conditions are not eligible for ENERGY STAR qualification under this specification:
Products that are designed to operate directly on three-phase power. |
3. Qualification Criteria
3.1. Significant Digits and Rounding
3.1.1. |
All calculations shall be carried out with directly measured (unrounded) values. |
3.1.2. |
Unless otherwise specified, compliance with specification limits shall be evaluated using directly measured or calculated values without any benefit from rounding. |
3.1.3. |
Directly measured or calculated values that are submitted for reporting on the ENERGY STAR website shall be rounded to the nearest significant digit as expressed in the corresponding specification limit. |
3.2. General Requirements
3.2.1. |
External Power Supply (EPS):
If the product is shipped with a single-voltage EPS, the EPS shall meet the level V performance requirements under the International Efficiency Marking Protocol and include the level V marking. Additional information on the Marking Protocol is available at www.energystar.gov/powersupplies.
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3.2.2. |
Additional Cordless Handset: Fax machines and MFDs with fax capability that are sold with additional cordless handsets shall use an ENERGY STAR qualified handset, or one that meets the ENERGY STAR Telephony specification when tested to the ENERGY STAR test method on the date the Imaging Equipment product is qualified as ENERGY STAR. The ENERGY STAR specification and test method for telephony products may be found at www.energystar.gov/products. |
3.2.3. |
Functionally Integrated MFD: If an MFD consists of a set of functionally integrated components (i.e., the MFD is not a single physical device), the sum of the measured energy or power consumption for all components shall be less than the relevant MFD energy or power consumption requirements for ENERGY STAR qualification. |
3.2.4. |
DFE Requirements: The Typical Electricity Consumption (TECDFE) of a Type 1 or Type 2 DFE sold with an Imaging Equipment product at the time of sale shall be calculated using Equation 1 for a DFE without Sleep Mode or Equation 2 for a DFE with Sleep Mode. The resulting TECDFE value shall be less than or equal to the maximum TECDFE requirement specified in Table 2 for the given DFE type.
Equation 1: TECDFE Calculation for Digital Front Ends without Sleep Mode
Where:
Equation 2: TECDFE Calculation for Digital Front Ends with Sleep Mode
Where:
Table 2 Maximum TECDFE Requirements for Type 1 and Type 2 DFEs
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3.3. Requirements for Typical Electricity Consumption (TEC) Products
3.3.1. |
Automatic Duplexing Capability:
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3.3.2. |
Typical Electricity Consumption: Calculated Typical Energy Consumption (TEC) per Equation 3 or Equation 4 shall be less than or equal to the Maximum TEC Requirement (TECMAX) specified in Equation 6.
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3.3.3. |
Additional Test Results Reporting Requirements:
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3.4. Requirements for Operational Mode (OM) Products
3.4.1. |
Multiple Sleep Modes: If a product is capable of automatically entering multiple successive Sleep Modes, the same Sleep Mode shall be used to determine qualification under the Default Delay Time to Sleep requirements specified in Section 3.4.3 and the Sleep Mode power consumption requirements specified in Section 3.4.4. |
3.4.2. |
DFE Requirements: For Imaging Equipment with a functionally-integrated DFE that relies on the Imaging Equipment for its power, and that meets the appropriate maximum TECDFE requirement found in Table 2, the DFE power shall be excluded subject to the following conditions:
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3.4.3. |
Default Delay Time: Measured Default Delay Time to Sleep (tSLEEP) shall be less than or equal to the Required Default Delay Time to Sleep (tSLEEP_REQ) requirement specified in Table 6, subject to the following conditions:
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3.4.4. |
Sleep Mode Power Consumption: Measured Sleep Mode power consumption (PSLEEP) shall be less than or equal to the maximum Sleep Mode power consumption requirement (PSLEEP_MAX) determined per Equation 7, subject to the following conditions:
Equation 7: Calculation of Maximum Sleep Mode Power Consumption Requirement for OM products
Where:
Table 7 Sleep Mode Power Allowance for Base Marking Engine
Table 8 Sleep Mode Power Allowances for Functional Adders
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3.4.5. |
Standby Power Consumption: Standby Mode power, which is the lesser of the Ready State Power, Sleep Mode Power, and Off Mode Power, as measured in the test procedure, shall be less than or equal to the Maximum Standby Power specified in Table 9, subject to the following condition.
The Imaging Equipment shall meet the Standby Power requirement independent of the state of any other devices (e.g., a host PC) connected to it. Table 9 Maximum Standby Power Requirement
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4. Testing
4.1. Test Methods
When testing Imaging Equipment products, the test methods identified in Table 10 shall be used to determine qualification for ENERGY STAR.
Table 10
Test Methods for ENERGY STAR Qualification
Product Type |
Test Method |
All Products |
ENERGY STAR Imaging Equipment Test Method, Rev. May-2012 |
4.2. Number of Units Required for Testing
4.2.1. |
Representative Models shall be selected for testing per the following requirements:
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4.2.2. |
A single unit of each Representative Model shall be selected for testing. |
4.3. International Market Qualification
Products shall be tested for qualification at the relevant input voltage/frequency combination for each market in which they will be sold and promoted as ENERGY STAR.
5. User Interface
Manufacturers are encouraged to design products in accordance with the user interface standard IEEE 1621: Standard for User Interface Elements in Power Control of Electronic Devices Employed in Office/Consumer Environments. For details, see http://eetd.LBL.gov/Controls.
6. Effective Date
Effective Date: The Version 2.0 ENERGY STAR Imaging Equipment specification shall take effect on January 1, 2014. To qualify for ENERGY STAR, a product model shall meet the ENERGY STAR specification in effect on its date of manufacture. The date of manufacture is specific to each unit and is the date on which a unit is considered to be completely assembled.
6.1. |
Future Specification Revisions: EPA and the European Commission reserve the right to change this specification should technological and/or market changes affect its usefulness to consumers, industry, or the environment. In keeping with current policy, revisions to the specification are arrived at through stakeholder discussions. In the event of a specification revision, please note that the ENERGY STAR qualification is not automatically granted for the life of a product model. |
6.2. |
Items for Consideration in a Future Revision:
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Appendix D
Test Method for Determining Imaging Equipment Energy Use
1. Overview
The following test method shall be used for determining product compliance with requirements in the ENERGY STAR Eligibility Criteria for Imaging Equipment.
2. Applicability
ENERGY STAR test requirements are dependent upon the feature set of the products under evaluation. Table 11 shall be used to determine the applicability of each section of this document.
Table 11
Test Procedure Applicability
Product Type |
Media Format |
Marking Technology |
ENERGY STAR Evaluation Method |
Copier |
Standard |
Direct Thermal (DT), Dye Sublimation (DS), Electro-photographic (EP), Solid Ink (SI), Thermal Transfer (TT) |
Typical Energy Consumption (TEC) |
Large |
DT, DS, EP, SI, TT |
Operational Mode (OM) |
|
Digital Duplicator |
Standard |
Stencil |
TEC |
Fax Machine |
Standard |
DT, DS, EP, SI, TT |
TEC |
Ink Jet (IJ) |
OM |
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Mailing Machine |
All |
DT, EP, IJ, TT |
OM |
Multifunction Device (MFD) |
Standard |
High Performance IJ, DT, DS, EP, SI, TT |
TEC |
IJ, Impact |
OM |
||
Large |
DT, DS, EP, IJ, SI, TT |
OM |
|
Printer |
Standard |
High Performance IJ, DT, DS, EP, SI, TT |
TEC |
IJ, Impact |
OM |
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Large or Small |
DT, DS, EP, Impact, IJ, SI, TT |
OM |
|
Small |
High Performance IJ |
TEC |
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Scanner |
All |
N/A |
OM |
3. Definitions
Unless otherwise specified, all terms used in this document are consistent with the definitions in the ENERGY STAR Eligibility Criteria for Imaging Equipment.
4. Test Setup
General Test Setup
4.1. |
Test Setup and Instrumentation: Test setup and instrumentation for all portions of this procedure shall be in accordance with the requirements of International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) Standard 62301, Ed. 2.0, 'Measurement of Household Appliance Standby Power', Section 4, 'General Conditions for Measurements.' In the event of conflicting requirements, the ENERGY STAR test method shall take precedence. |
4.2. |
Ac Input Power: Products intended to be powered from an ac mains power source shall be connected to a voltage source appropriate for the intended market, as specified in Table 12 or 13.
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4.3. |
Low-voltage Dc Input Power:
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4.4. |
Ambient Temperature: Ambient temperature shall be 23 °C ± 5 °C. |
4.5. |
Relative Humidity: Relative humidity shall be between 10 % and 80 %. |
4.6. |
Power Meter: Power meters shall possess the following attributes:
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4.7. |
Measurement Uncertainty (17):
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4.8. |
Time Measurement: Time measurements may be performed with a standard stopwatch or other time keeping device with a resolution of at least 1 second. |
4.9. |
Paper Specifications:
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5. Low-voltage dc source measurement for all products
5.1. |
Connect the dc source to the power meter and relevant ac supply as specified in Table 12. |
5.2. |
Verify that the dc source is unloaded. |
5.3. |
Allow the dc source to stabilize for a minimum of 30 minutes. |
5.4. |
Measure and record the unloaded dc source power (PS) according to IEC 62301 Ed. 1.0. |
6. Pre-Test UUT Configuration for all products
6.1. General Configuration
6.1.1. |
Product Speed for Calculations and Reporting: The product speed for all calculations and reporting shall be the highest speed as claimed by the manufacturer per the following criteria, expressed in images per minute (ipm) and rounded to the nearest integer:
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6.1.2. |
Color: Color-capable products shall be tested making monochrome (black) images.
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6.2. Configuration for Fax Machines
All fax machines and MFDs with fax capability that connect to a telephone line shall be connected to a telephone line during the test, in addition to the network connection specified by Table 16 if the UUT is network capable.
(a) |
In the case that a working phone line is not available, a line simulator may be used as a replacement. |
(b) |
Only fax machines shall be tested using the fax capability. |
Fax machines shall be tested with one image per job.
6.3. Configuration for Digital Duplicators
Except as noted below, digital duplicators shall be configured and tested as printers, copiers, or MFDs, depending on their capabilities as-shipped.
(a) |
Digital duplicators shall be tested at maximum claimed speed, which is also the speed that should be used to determine the job size for performing the test, not at the default as-shipped speed, if different. |
(b) |
For digital duplicators, there shall be only one original image. |
7. Pre-test UUT Initialization for all products
General Initialization
Prior to the start of testing, the UUT shall be initialized as follows:
(a) |
Set up the UUT per the instructions in the Manufacturer’s Instructions or documentation.
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(b) |
Connect the UUT to its power source. |
(c) |
Power on the UUT and perform initial system configuration, as applicable. Verify that default delay times are configured according to product specifications and/or manufacturer recommendations.
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(d) |
User-controllable anti-humidity features shall be turned off or disabled for the duration of testing. |
(e) |
Pre-conditioning: Place the UUT in Off Mode, then let the UUT sit idle for 15 minutes.
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8. Typical Energy Consumption (TEC) Test Procedure
8.1. Job Structure
8.1.1. |
Jobs per Day: The number of jobs per day (NJOBS) is specified in Table 17.
Table 17 Number of Jobs per Day (NJOBS)
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8.1.2. |
Images per Job: Except for fax machines, the number of images shall be computed according to Equation 9, below. For convenience, Table 21 at the end of this document provides the resultant images per job computation for each integer product speed up through 100 ipm.
Equation 9: Calculation of Number of Images per Job
Where:
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8.2. Measurement Procedures
Measurement of TEC shall be conducted according to Table 18 for printers, fax machines, digital duplicators with print capability, and MFDs with print capability, and Table 19 for copiers, digital duplicators without print capability, and MFDs without print capability, subject to the following provisions:
(a) |
Paper: There shall be sufficient paper in the UUT to perform the specified print or copy jobs. |
(b) |
Duplexing: Products shall be tested in simplex mode, unless the speed of duplex mode output is greater than the speed of simplex mode output, in which case they will be tested in duplex mode. In all cases, the mode in which the unit was tested and the print speed used must be documented. Originals for copying shall be simplex images. |
(c) |
Energy Measurement Method: All measurements shall be recorded as accumulated energy over time, in Wh; all time shall be recorded in minutes. 'Zero meter' references may be accomplished by recording the accumulated energy consumption at that time rather than physically zeroing the meter. Table 18 TEC Test Procedure for Printers, Fax Machines, Digital Duplicators with Print Capability, and MFDs with Print Capability
Table 19 TEC Test Procedure for Copiers, Digital Duplicators without Print Capability, and MFDs without Print Capability
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9. Operational Mode (OM) Test Procedure
Measurement Procedures
Measurement of OM power and delay times shall be conducted according to Table 20, subject to the following provisions:
Power Measurements: All power measurements shall be made using either the average power or accumulated energy approaches as described below:
(1) |
Average Power Method: The true average power shall be measured over the course of a user selected period, which shall be no less than 5 minutes. For those modes that do not last 5 minutes, the true average power shall be measured over the mode’s entire duration. |
(2) |
Accumulated Energy Approach: If the test instrument is incapable of measuring the true average power, the accumulated energy consumption over the course of a user selected period shall be measured. The test period shall be no less than 5 minutes. The average power shall be determined by dividing the accumulated energy consumption by the time of the test period. |
(3) |
If the power consumption of the tested mode is periodic, then the test duration shall contain one or more complete periods.
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10. Test Procedures for Products with a Digital Front End (DFE)
This step applies only to products that have a DFE as defined in Section 1 of the ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Imaging Equipment.
10.1. Ready Mode DFE Test
10.1.1. |
Products that are network-capable as-shipped shall be connected during testing. The network connection used shall be determined using Table 16. |
10.1.2. |
If the DFE has a separate main power cord, regardless of whether the cord and controller are internal or external to the imaging product, a 10 minute power measurement of the DFE alone shall be made, and the average power recorded while the main product is in Ready Mode. |
10.1.3. |
If the DFE does not have a separate main power cord, the tester shall measure the dc power required for the DFE when the unit as a whole is in Ready Mode. A 10 minute power measurement of the dc input to the DFE shall be made, and the average power recorded while the main product is in Ready Mode. This will most commonly be accomplished by taking an instantaneous power measurement of the dc input to the DFE. |
10.2. Sleep Mode DFE Test
This testing shall be performed to obtain the Sleep Mode power of a DFE device over a 1 hour period. The resulting value will be used to qualify Imaging Equipment products that incorporate DFEs with network-capable Sleep Modes.
10.2.1. |
Products that are network-capable as-shipped shall be connected during testing. The network connection used shall be determined using Table 16. |
10.2.2. |
If the DFE has a separate main power cord, regardless of whether the cord and controller are internal or external to the imaging product, a 1 hour power measurement of the DFE alone shall be made, and the average power recorded while the main product is in Sleep Mode. At the end of the 1 hour power measurement, a print job shall be sent to the main product to ensure the DFE is responsive. |
10.2.3. |
If the DFE does not have a separate main power cord, the tester shall measure the dc power required for the DFE when the unit as a whole is in Sleep Mode. A 1 hour power measurement of the dc input to the DFE shall be made, and the average power recorded while the main product is in Sleep Mode. At the end of the 1 hour power measurement, a print job shall be sent to the main product to ensure the DFE is responsive. |
10.2.4. |
In cases 10.2.2 and 10.2.3, the following requirements apply:
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Note: All information specified or provided by manufacturers for product testing shall be publicly available.
11. References
11.1. |
ISO/IEC 10561:1999. Information technology — Office equipment — Printing devices — Method for measuring throughput — Class 1 and Class 2 printers. |
11.2. |
IEC 62301:2011. Household Electrical Appliances – Measurement of Standby Power. Ed. 2.0.
Table 21 Number of Images per Day Calculated for Product Speeds from 1 to 100 ipm
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(1) International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). IEC standard 62040-3:2011. ‘Uninterruptible power systems (UPS) - Part 3: Method of specifying the performance and test requirements.’ Ed. 2.0.
(2) 2 Input power failure occurs when voltage and frequency are outside rated steady-state and transient tolerance bands or when distortion or interruptions are outside the limits specified for the UPS.
(3) The output of the VFD UPS is dependent on changes in ac input voltage and frequency and is not intended to provide additional corrective functions, such as those arising from the use of tapped transformers.
(4) An output voltage tolerance band narrower than input voltage window shall be defined by the manufacturer. The output of the VI UPS is dependent on ac input frequency and the output voltage shall remain within prescribed voltage limits (provided by additional corrective voltage functions, such as those arising from the use of active and/or passive circuits).
(5) This definition permits the UPS output greater than 100 000 W to be backfed into the input ac supply when in test-mode and subject to local regulations.
(6) Pulses are the waveform peaks produced by a rectifier per cycle and depend on its design and the number of input phases.
(7) International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). IEC standard 62053-21. ‘Electricity metering equipment (a.c.) - Particular requirements — Part 21: Static meters for active energy (classes 1 and 2).’ Ed. 1.0.
(8) International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). IEC standard 62053-22. ‘Electricity metering equipment (a.c.) - Particular requirements — Part 22: Static meters for active energy (classes 0,2 S and 0,5 S).’ Ed. 1.0.
(9) American National Standards Institute. ANSI standard C12.1. ‘American National Standard for Electric Meters: Code for Electricity Metering.’ 2008.
(10) GB defined as 1 024 3 or 230 bytes.
(*1) Note: 230 V ac refers to the European market and 115 V ac refers to the North American market.
(11) http://www.spec.org/sert/
(12) http://www.spec.org/sert/docs/SERT-Design_Document.pdf
(13) http://www.spec.org/
(14) http://www.spec.org/sert/docs/SERT-User_Guide.pdf
(15) For the purposes of this specification ‘mains’ or the ‘main electricity supply’ refers to the input power source, including a dc power supply for products that operate solely off dc power.
(16) IEC 62301 Ed. 1.0 – Household electrical appliances – Measurement of standby power.
(17) Measurement uncertainty calculations should be performed according IEC 62301 Ed. 2.0 Appendix D.
Only the uncertainty due to the measurement instrument shall be calculated.
(18) Also referred to as a Parallel or Centronics interface.
(19) Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) Standard 802.3az-2010. 'IEEE Standard for Information Technology—Telecommunications and Information Exchange Between Systems—Local and Metropolitan Area Networks—Specific Requirements—Part 3: Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD) Access Method and Physical Layer Specifications.' 2010.