| 30.12.2015 | SL | Uradni list Evropske unije | C 440/38 | 30.12.2015 | EN | Official Journal of the European Union | C 440/38 |
| P7_TA(2013)0006 | P7_TA(2013)0006 |
| Strategija EU za Afriški rog | EU strategy for the Horn of Africa |
| Resolucija Evropskega parlamenta z dne 15. januarja 2013 o strategiji EU za Afriški rog (2012/2026(INI)) | European Parliament resolution of 15 January 2013 on EU Strategy for the Horn of Africa (2012/2026(INI)) |
| (2015/C 440/06) | (2015/C 440/06) |
| Evropski parlament, | The European Parliament, |
| — | ob upoštevanju svoje resolucije z dne 10. maja 2012 o pomorskem piratstvu (1), | — | having regard to its resolution of 10 May 2012 on maritime piracy (1), |
| — | ob upoštevanju svoje resolucije z dne 15. januarja 2009 o razmerah na območju Afriškega roga (2), | — | having regard to its resolution of 15 January 2009 on the situation in the Horn of Africa (2), |
| — | ob upoštevanju svoje resolucije z dne 10. marca 2010 o letnem poročilu iz leta 2008 o skupni zunanji in varnostni politiki (3), | — | having regard to its resolution of 10 March 2010 on the 2008 Common Foreign and Security Policy Annual Report (3), |
| — | ob upoštevanju svoje resolucije z dne 11. maja 2011 o letnem poročilu iz leta 2009 o skupni zunanji in varnostni politiki (4), | — | having regard to its resolution of 11 May 2011 on the 2009 Common Foreign and Security Policy Annual Report (4), |
| — | ob upoštevanju svoje resolucije z dne 12. septembra 2012 o letnem poročilu Sveta Evropskemu parlamentu o skupni zunanji in varnostni politiki (5), | — | having regard to its resolution of 12 September 2012 on the Annual Report from the Council to the European Parliament on the Common Foreign and Security Policy (5), |
| — | ob upoštevanju sklepov Sveta o Afriškem rogu z dne 14. novembra 2011 in zlasti strateškega okvira v prilogi k tem sklepom, | — | having regard to the Council conclusions on the Horn of Africa of 14 November 2011, and, in particular, to the Strategic Framework set out in their annex, |
| — | ob upoštevanju evropske varnostne strategije in dokumenta visokega predstavnika in Komisije Evropskemu svetu z naslovom „Podnebne spremembe in mednarodna varnost“ z dne 14. marca 2008, | — | having regard to the European Security Strategy and to the paper of 14 March 2008 from the High Representative and the Commission to the European Council entitled ‘Climate change and international security’, |
| — | ob upoštevanju končnega poročila misije Evropske unije za opazovanje volitev v Etiopiji, ki so potekale 23. maja 2010, | — | having regard to the final report of the European Union Electoral Observation Mission on the Ethiopian elections of 23 May 2010, |
| — | ob upoštevanju tega, da je 825 članov nacionalne ustavodajne skupščine dne 1. avgusta 2012 sprejelo ustavo za Somalijo; ob upoštevanju demokratične izvolitve novega somalijskega predsednika dne 11. septembra 2012 kot dela procesa prehoda, | — | having regard to the adoption of a constitution for Somalia by 825 members of the National Constituent Assembly on 1 August 2012; having regard to the democratic election on 11 September 2012 of a new Somali president as part of the transition process, |
| — | ob upoštevanju sklepov Sveta z dne 1. decembra 2011 in 23. julija 2012 o skupni varnostni in obrambni politiki, | — | having regard to the Council conclusions on the Common Security and Defence Policy of 1 December 2011 and 23 July 2012, |
| — | ob upoštevanju resolucij Varnostnega sveta ZN o razmerah v Somaliji, zlasti resolucije 2067 (2012), | — | having regard to the UN Security Council resolutions on the situation in Somalia, in particular resolution 2067 (2012), |
| — | ob upoštevanju misije Afriške unije v Somaliji (AMISOM), njenega strateškega koncepta z dne 5. januarja 2012 o vzpostavitvi prisotnosti v vseh štirih sektorjih in resolucije Varnostnega sveta ZN 2036 (2012), ki zahteva, da Afriška unija poveča obseg sil AMISOM z 12 000 na največ 17 731 pripadnikov uniformiranega osebja, ki je sestavljeno iz vojakov in osebja formiranih policijskih enot, | — | having regard to the African Union Mission to Somalia (AMISOM), its strategic concept dated 5 January 2012 on establishing a presence in the four sectors, and to UN Security Council Resolution 2036 (2012) requesting the African Union to ‘increase AMISOM’s numbers from 12 000 to a maximum of 17 731 uniformed personnel, comprising troops and personnel from trained police units’, |
| — | ob upoštevanju resolucije varnostnega sveta Združenih narodov 1820 (2008) o ženskah, miru in varnosti, | — | having regard to UN Security Council resolution 1820 (2008), on women, peace and security, |
| — | ob upoštevanju poročila ZN z dne 25. januarja 2011 in 25 predlogov v tem poročilu, ki jih je podal Jack Lang, posebni svetovalec generalnega sekretarja ZN za pravna vprašanja, povezana s piratstvom ob obali Somalije; ob upoštevanju poročil Jacka Langa o nadaljnjem ukrepanju, vključno s poročilom o načinih za vzpostavitev specializiranih sodišč za piratstvo v Somaliji z dne 15. junija 2011, in poročila generalnega sekretarja o specializiranih sodiščih za piratstvo v Somaliji in drugih državah v regiji z dne 20. januarja 2012, | — | having regard to the UN report of 25 January 2011 and the 25 proposals it contains put forward by Jack Lang, the Special Adviser to the UN Secretary-General on legal issues related to piracy off the coast of Somalia; having regard to the follow-up reports by Jack Lang, including the report on the modalities for the establishment of specialised Somali anti-piracy courts of 15 June 2011, and the report of the Secretary-General on specialised anti-piracy courts in Somalia and other States in the region of 20 January 2012; |
| — | ob upoštevanju skupne strategije EU-Afrika, | — | having regard to the Joint Africa-EU Strategy, |
| — | ob upoštevanju člena 48 Poslovnika, | — | having regard to Rule 48 of its Rules of Procedure, |
| — | ob upoštevanju poročila Odbora za zunanje zadeve in mnenja Odbora za razvoj (A7-0408/2012), | — | having regard to the report of the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the opinion of the Committee on Development (A7-0408/2012), |
| A. | ker je Afriški rog ena od regij z najbolj nezanesljivo preskrbo s hrano na svetu in so milijoni ljudi, ki živijo na tem območju, podhranjeni in jim grozi lakota; ker so na tem geografskem območju tudi države z najnižjimi zdravstvenimi standardi na svetu; ker gre prav tako za eno od regij z največjo revščino in najslabšim upravljanjem na svetu; ker sta razlog za hude humanitarne krize v regiji predvsem negotova varnost ljudi in nezanesljiva preskrba s hrano; ker mednarodni skupnosti ni uspelo sprejeti preprečevalnih ukrepov, s katerimi bi obravnavali vprašanja varnosti ljudi, suše in lakote v regiji; | A. | whereas the Horn of Africa is one of the most food-insecure regions in the world and millions of people living in the region are undernourished and at risk of famine; whereas this geographical region includes countries which are among those with the lowest health standards in the world; whereas it is also one of the world’s poorest regions and one of those most lacking in governance; whereas human insecurity and food insecurity in particular compound acute humanitarian crises in the region; whereas the international community has failed to take preventive steps to address the issues of human security, drought and famine there; |
| B. | ker ima regija dolgo zgodovino konfliktov in ker obstaja povezava med konflikti, revščino in nerazvitostjo; ker v okolju, ki ga zaznamujejo napetosti, oboroženi spopadi in nestabilne vladne institucije, ni mogoče doseči trajnostnega razvoja, istočasno pa sta revščina in nerazvitost dejavnika, ki ustvarjata konflikte; ker bodo podnebne spremembe najverjetneje še poslabšale razmere v regiji, kjer postajajo hude suše že sedaj vse pogostejše; | B. | whereas the region has a long history of conflicts, and whereas there is a relationship between conflict, poverty and underdevelopment; whereas sustainable development cannot be achieved in an environment characterised by tensions, armed conflicts and unstable government institutions, while at the same time poverty and underdevelopment operate as conflict-generating factors; whereas climate change is likely to further exacerbate the situation in the region, where severe droughts have already become more frequent; |
| C. | ker dolgotrajna nestabilnost Afriškega roga prinaša posledice za varnost sosednjih držav in celine ter lahko zaradi mrežnega povezovanja teroristov v regiji ogrozi tudi varnost drugih regij, kot so Evropa, Arabski polotok in južna Azija; | C. | whereas prolonged instability in the Horn of Africa leads to consequences for the security of the neighbouring countries and the entire continent and, given the existence of terrorist networking in the region, may come to affect the security of other regions, such as Europe, the Arabian peninsula and South Asia; |
| D. | ker je začarani krog negotovosti, nestabilnosti, revščine in slabega upravljanja mogoče uspešno in učinkovito prekiniti le s celovitim in celostnim pristopom, ki je zavezan trajnostnemu razvoju držav te regije; ker je za Afriški rog značilna povezava med razvojem in varnostjo, saj gre za regijo, kjer kriminalna dejavnost, ki jo sestavljata zlasti terorizem in piratstvo, uspeva predvsem zaradi skrajne revščine in slabega upravljanja ali odsotnosti upravljanja države; | D. | whereas the vicious circle of insecurity, instability, poverty and bad governance can only be successfully and effectively addressed through a comprehensive and holistic approach committed to achieving development in the countries of the region in a sustainable form; whereas the Horn of Africa exemplifies the development-security nexus, being a region where criminal activity, especially terrorism and piracy, flourishes as a consequence of extreme poverty and bad governance or absence of state governance; |
| E. | ker so varnostne razmere v Afriškem rogu za Evropo in širšo mednarodno skupnost pomembne na treh ravneh: prva zadeva grožnjo, ki jo predstavljajo mednarodni terorizem in sredstva, pridobljena s piratstvom in ugrabitvami, ki se stekajo k terorističnim organizacijam; druga je gospodarska grožnja mednarodni trgovini in potreba po spodbujanju varnega ladijskega prevoza; tretja pa je potreba po zagotavljanju pomoči ZN pri zadanih ciljih, na primer pri zaščiti plovil Svetovnega programa za hrano v regiji; | E. | whereas there is a threefold European and wider international interest in the security situation in the Horn of Africa, relating to: firstly, the threat posed by international terrorism and the funds channelled to terrorist organisations from piracy and kidnappings; secondly, the economic threat to international trade and the need to facilitate the safe passage of shipping; and thirdly, the need to assist the UN in its objectives, for example in protecting World Food Programme vessels in the region; |
| F. | ker je zavezanost EU tej regiji povezana tako z geostrateškim pomenom slednje kot z voljo pomagati ljudem Afriškega roga in jih rešiti revščine; ker se je EU v ta namen in za dosego trajnega miru zavezala k podpiranju prizadevanj na regionalni, npr. prek Medvladnega organa za razvoj (IGAD) in Afriške unije, ter nacionalni ravni, da bi utrdila mir in pravičnost na podlagi načel vključevanja, pravne države in spoštovanja človekovih pravic; | F. | whereas the EU’s commitment to the region is informed by both its geostrategic importance and the desire to support the people of the Horn and lift them out of poverty; whereas in order to do so and achieve lasting peace, the EU has committed itself to supporting efforts at both regional level — e.g. through IGAD (the Intergovernmental Authority for Development) and the African Union — and national level to consolidate peace and justice on the basis of the principles of inclusion, the rule of law and respect for human rights; |
| G. | ker Medvladni organ za razvoj še vedno ni dovolj razvit instrument za okrepitev regionalnega sodelovanja, povezovanja in varnosti; ker mora Medvladni organ za razvoj odigrati osrednjo vlogo v politični in varnostni strukturi regije in pri preprečevanju sporov ter političnem in gospodarskem povezovanju v Afriškem rogu, s čimer bi države te regije spodbudili k trdnejši zavezi skupnim političnim in gospodarskim ciljem; | G. | whereas IGAD remains an insufficiently developed instrument for the enhancement of cooperation, integration and security at regional level; whereas there is a need for IGAD to play a central role in the political and security architecture of the Horn of Africa, as well as in conflict prevention and political and economic integration in the region, with a view to committing and anchoring the countries of the region to a common political and economic agenda; |
| H. | ker bi neprekinjeno območje negotovosti in nestabilnosti, ki se razteza od Atlantskega do Indijskega oceana, ponovno okrepilo dejavnosti tihotapljenja drog čez južni Atlantik ter v Latinski Ameriki in karibskih državah, prav tako pa spodbujalo trgovanje z orožjem in ljudmi, saj bi odprlo nove tihotapske poti in priložnosti za tihotapljenje drog v Evropo in na Arabski polotok; | H. | whereas a continuous belt of insecurity and instability stretching from the Atlantic Ocean to the Indian Ocean would also boost drug-trafficking activities across the southern Atlantic and in Latin America and the Caribbean, as well as encouraging trafficking in arms and people, opening up new trafficking routes and creating opportunities to smuggle drugs to both Europe and the Arabian peninsula; |
| I. | ker lahko tekmovanje med državami te regije za naravne vire, zlasti za fosilna goriva in vodo, ter za zagotavljanje infrastrukturnega dostopa do pristanišč za države, ki proizvajajo nafto in plin, in dostopa do morja za celinske države zaneti dodatne napetosti v regiji in privede do kronične nestabilnosti; | I. | whereas competition among states in the region for natural resources, in particular fossil fuels and water, and competition to provide infrastructural access to ports for oil- and gas- producing states as well as access to the sea for landlocked states could further fuel tensions in the region and lead to chronic instability; |
| J. | ker je dolgotrajno uspešno stabilnost v Afriškem rogu mogoče oblikovati samo na trdnih in odgovornih demokratičnih institucijah, pravni državi in spoštovanju človekovih pravic, zlasti svobode izražanja, in boljših gospodarskih obetih za družbo na splošno; | J. | whereas long-term viable stability in the Horn of Africa can only be built on strong and accountable democratic institutions, the rule of law and respect for human rights, in particular freedom of expression, and on better economic prospects for society at large; |
| K. | ker so dejavno prizadevanje za stabilnost v regiji, odprava revščine in spodbujanje oživljanja gospodarstva bistvenega pomena za obnovo propadlih držav; ker sta varnost in razvoj neločljivo povezana; | K. | whereas it is essential to actively nurture pockets of stability in the region, tackle poverty, and promote economic recovery as a means of restoring failed states; whereas there can be no security without development and no development without security; |
| L. | ker nasilni napadi skupine Al Šabab, pomanjkanje trdne politične in gospodarske stabilnosti v Somaliji, grožnja, ki jo predstavljajo nenehne dejavnosti piratov ob obali Somalije, napetosti in možnost sporov med Sudanom in Južnim Sudanom, h konfliktom nagnjeni pokrajini Abyei in Darfur, politična tranzicija v Etiopiji po smrti predsednika vlade Melesa Zenawija, napetosti med Etiopijo, Eritrejo in Somalijo, napetosti med Eritrejo in Džibutijem ter teroristične dejavnosti Gospodove uporniške vojske (LRA) skupaj prispevajo k temu, da je Afriški rog eno izmed območij, ki so v svetovnem merilu najbolj izpostavljena sporom, in tako povzročajo neizmerno trpljenje ljudi, njihovo notranjo razseljevanje in slabšanje humanitarnih kriz ter ovirajo trajnostni družbeni in gospodarski razvoj, pa tudi demokracijo in pravno državo; | L. | whereas Al-Shabaab’s violent insurgency, the lack of state governance in Somalia, the threat posed by continuous piracy activities off the coast of Somalia, the tensions and potential conflicts between Sudan and South Sudan, the conflict-prone regions of Abiyei and Darfur, the political transition in Ethiopia following the death of Prime Minister Meles Zenawi, the tensions between Ethiopia and Eritrea and Somalia, the tensions between Eritrea and Djibouti, and the terrorist activities of the Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA) all contribute to making the Horn of Africa one of the most conflict-prone regions in the world, the results being immense human suffering, internal displacement of people, the worsening of humanitarian crises, and the obstruction of sustainable social and economic development as well as of democracy and the rule of law; |
| M. | ker je boj proti skupini Al Šabab v Somaliji čedalje uspešnejši in zaradi tega obstaja vse večja nevarnost, da se teroristične dejavnosti in nestabilnost pomaknejo v druge dele Somalije ali še dlje, v druge dele Afrike, ki prej niso bili ogroženi; | M. | whereas as the fight against Al-Shabaab in Somalia makes incremental advances there is an increasing risk that terrorist activities and destabilisation may move to other parts of Somalia, or further afield in parts of Africa previously not affected |
| N. | ker so zaradi stalne politične nestabilnosti in sporov v Somaliji praktično onemogočene vse možnosti trajnostnega gospodarskega razvoja regije; ker pomanjkanje stabilnih demokratičnih in gospodarskih priložnosti za prebivalstvo, zlasti za mlade, v povezavi z odsotnostjo demokracije, načel pravne države, upravljanja in zaščite ljudi predstavlja plodna tla za spodbujanje kriminalnih dejavnosti, vključno s piratstvom in tihotapljenjem drog, ter podpira teroristične skupine, kot je Al Šabab; ker je tovrstna vprašanja treba nujno obravnavati celovito, pri tem pa se opirati na vse instrumente za zunanje delovanje EU, te ukrepe pa, ko bo v Somaliji vzpostavljena delujoča državne struktura, dopolniti z ustanovitvijo specializiranih sodišč za piratstvo v Somaliji; | N. | whereas ongoing political instability and conflict in Somalia have virtually destroyed any prospects of sustainable economic development in the region; whereas the lack of stable democratic and economic prospects for the population, particularly the young, together with the absence of democracy, the rule of law, governance or human security, provide fertile ground for encouraging criminal activities, including piracy and drug smuggling, while helping sustain terrorist groups such as Al-Shabaab; whereas it is essential to address such issues in a comprehensive fashion building on all the EU’s external action instruments, and to complement any such action through the establishment of specialised Somali anti-piracy courts once viable state structures are in place in Somalia; |
| O. | ker prehodni zvezni vladi Somalije (TFG) ni uspelo oblikovati stabilne in vključujoče uprave, ki bi se bila sposobna zavzemati za soglasje med različnimi etničnimi in političnimi komponentami; ker mora mednarodna skupnost v celoti podpreti novo somalijsko vlado, da bi lahko ta spopadla z izzivi, s katerimi se sooča Somalija, ter povrnila trajnostno politično, demokratično, etnično in socialno stabilnost; | O. | whereas the Transitional Federal Government of Somalia (TFG) has failed to create a stable and inclusive administration capable of promoting consensus among its various ethnic and political components; whereas the new Somali government must receive full support from the international community so that it can take on the challenges facing Somalia and restore sustainable political, democratic, ethnic and social stability; |
| P. | ker so od leta 1990 ribiške ladje iz mnogih držav izkoriščale zmedo v Somaliji za ribolov znotraj somalijske cone 200 navtičnih milj in s tem ogrožale preživetje somalijskih ribičev; | P. | whereas fishing vessels from many countries have taken advantage of the chaos in Somalia to fish in the Somali 200-nautical mile zone since 1990, undermining the livelihood of Somali fishermen; |
| Q. | ker je po navedbah visokega komisarja Združenih narodov za begunce (UNHCR) po vsem Afriškem rogu, zlasti v Keniji in Etiopiji, raztresenih več kot milijon somalijskih beguncev in je v Somaliji notranje razseljenih 1,3 milijona ljudi; ker so notranji spori, teroristična dejanja skupine Al Šabab in zaporedne krize v zvezi s sušo glavni razlogi za pojav množičnega izseljevanja in notranjega razseljevanja ljudi v Somaliji, ki občutno vpliva na celotno regijo; | Q. | whereas according to the UNHCR there are over one million Somali refugees scattered throughout the Horn of Africa, mainly in Kenya and Ethiopia, and 1,3 million internally displaced people (IDPs) within Somalia; whereas internal conflict, Al-Shaabab terrorism and consecutive drought crises are at the core of the phenomenon of exodus and displacement of people in Somalia, tangibly affecting the whole region; |
| R. | ker sta se 20. avgusta 2012 na Afriškem rogu zgodila dva dogodka, ki sta zelo pomembna za to regijo: umrl je etiopski premier Meles Zenawi, v Somaliji pa so prvič po več kot dveh desetletjih formalno oblikovali parlament; ker sta zaprisega novega parlamenta in izvolitev novega somalijskega predsednika Hasana Šejka Mohamuda dne 10. septembra 2012 predstavljali zgodovinski trenutek in pomemben korak v smeri izboljšanja miru in varnosti ter dokazali, da razmere v Somaliji niso nepopravljive; | R. | whereas two events of great significant for the region took place on 20 August 2012: firstly, the death of the Prime Minister of Ethiopia, Meles Zenawi, and secondly, the establishment of the first formal parliament in Somalia in more than two decades; whereas the swearing-in of a new Parliament and the election of a new President of Somalia, Hassan Sheikh Mohamud, on 10 September 2012 represented a historic moment and an important step towards improving peace and security, demonstrating that the situation in Somalia is not irreversible; |
| S. | ker so Etiopija, Džibuti, Kenija in Uganda zagotovili vojaško in politično podporo prizadevanjem, da bi vzpostavili stabilnost v regiji, predvsem z misijo Afriške unije v Somaliji (AMISOM), ter si tako z dejavno podporo mednarodne skupnosti prizadevali za učinkovito rešitev vprašanja varnosti in stabilnosti v regiji, ki je v afriški lasti in pod afriškim vodstvom; ker je Afriška unija dragocen partner za mir in stabilnost v regiji; | S. | whereas Ethiopia, Djibouti, Kenya and Uganda have provided military and political support for the efforts to achieve stability in the region, especially through the African Union mission in Somalia (AMISOM), thereby working for a viable solution for security and stability in the region which is African-owned and African-led, with the active support of the international community; whereas the African Union is a valuable partner for peace and stability in the region; |
| T. | ker so varnostne in vojaške razmere v Somaliji še vedno nevarne in nepredvidljive; ker je misija Afriške unije v Somaliji uspela odriniti islamsko milico Al Šababa in je napotila 100 vojakov v Baidoo; ker je Kenija pred kratkim vojaško posredovala v južni in osrednji Somaliji, a ni mogla odločno poraziti Al Šababa; ker so sile etiopske državne obrambe februarja 2012 posredovale v regijah Hiran in Bay; ker je organizacija Human Rights Watch objavila poročila o zlorabah človekovih pravic, mučenju, samovoljnih pridržanjih, usmrtitvah po hitrem postopku in nezakonitih povračilnih napadih na civiliste, ki so jih izvedle etiopske sile ter milice, privržene prehodni zvezni vladi Somalije; ker je skupina ZN za nadzor nad sankcijami obtožila sosednjo Eritrejo, da dobavlja orožje, usposabljanje in finančno pomoč Al Šababu ter s tem krši embargo ZN na orožje; | T. | whereas the security and military situation in Somalia remains dangerous and unpredictable; whereas AMISOM has been able to push back the Islamist militia Al Shabaab and has deployed 100 soldiers in Baidoa; whereas Kenya has recently intervened militarily in South-Central Somalia, but was unable to decisively defeat Al Shabaab; whereas the Ethiopian National Defence Forces intervened in the Hiraan region and the Bay region in February 2012; whereas human rights abuses, torture, arbitrary detentions and summary executions, as well as unlawful reprisal attacks against civilians committed by Ethiopian forces and militias loyal to the TFG have been reported by Human Rights Watch; whereas neighbouring Eritrea has been accused by the UN Sanctions Monitoring Group of providing weapons, training and financial support to Al Shabaab, thus violating a UN arms embargo; |
| U. | ker je konec krize v Somaliji, ki je odvisen od stabilnosti, ki jo zagotavljajo operacije Afriške unije v tej državi, mogoče doseči samo z ohranjanjem in podpiranjem družbene in politične stabilnosti, kar pomeni, da bodo strani, ki sodelujejo v vojaških operacijah, imele pomembno odgovornost tudi pri podpiranju lokalnih organov z vsemi potrebnimi sredstvi v obdobju po prenehanju vojaških operacij; | U. | whereas an end to the crisis in Somalia, while dependent on the stability brought by the African Union operations in the country, can only come about through the preservation of and support for social and political stability, meaning that the parties involved in the military operations will also have a major responsibility in supporting the local authorities with all means necessary for the period following the cessation of military operations; |
| V. | ker mednarodne vojaške dejavnosti same po sebi ne morejo vzpostaviti varnosti, stabilnosti in trajnega mira, če jih ne spremljajo programi za demokratični razvoj; | V. | whereas no international military action can, of itself, establish security, stability and lasting peace unless it is accompanied by a programme for democratic development; |
| W. | ker bo imela smrt etiopskega predsednika vlade Melesa Zenawija najverjetneje velike nacionalne in regionalne posledice, saj novemu vodstvu ponuja priložnost, da odpre politični prostor, razveljavi represivne zakone in vzpostavi politični dialog, ki vključuje vse strani in si prizadeva za demokratično tranzicijo; ker je oblikovanje vključujoče in demokratično izvoljene vlade v Etiopiji edini način za preprečevanje širjenja nestabilnosti, radikalizma in nemirov v državi, ki ogrožajo vlogo Etiopije v boju proti terorizmu; | W. | whereas the death of the Ethiopian Prime Minister Meles Zenawi is likely to have profound national and regional consequences, creating an opportunity for the new leadership to open up the political space, repeal repressive laws and engage in an all- inclusive political dialogue for a democratic transition; whereas to create an inclusive, democratically-elected government in Ethiopia is the only way to prevent the spreading of instability, radicalism and unrest in the country, which threatens Ethiopia’s role in counter-terrorism; |
| X. | ker je EPRDF na parlamentarnih volitvah maja 2010 dobila 545 od 547 sedežev, zaradi česar je misija EU za opazovanje volitev izjavila, da volitve niso dosegle mednarodnih standardov; | X. | whereas in the parliamentary elections of May 2010 the EPRDF won 545 of the 547 seats contested, prompting the EU Electoral Observation Mission to declare that the elections did not meet international standards; |
| Y. | ker Etiopija prejema več zunanje pomoči iz ZDA in EU kot katera koli druga afriška država; | Y. | whereas Ethiopia receives more foreign aid from the US and the EU than any other country in Africa; |
| Z. | ker je Eritreja po 20 letih neodvisnosti pod vladavino predsednika Isaiasa Afewerkija ena najbolj represivnih in zaprtih držav na svetu z izredno slabim poročilom o stanju na področju človekovih pravic, ki vključuje zapiranje, mučenje in ubijanje državljanov; ker je Svet ZN za človekove pravice 5. julija 2012 sprejel resolucijo, v kateri ostro obsoja nenehne vsesplošne in sistematične kršitve človekovih pravic s strani eritrejskih oblasti, stroge omejitve svobode mnenja in izražanja ter prisilni vpoklic državljanov za nedoločen čas, in tudi imenoval posebnega poročevalca o stanju na področju človekovih pravic v Eritreji, da se prekine izoliranost države, raziščejo primeri zlorabe in pripravi poročilo o tem; ker je švedsko-eritrejski državljan Dawit Isaak v Eritreji že 11 let zaprt v samici, ne da bi mu sodili; | Z. | whereas, after 20 years of independence under the rule of President Isaias Afewerki, Eritrea is one of the most repressive and closed countries in the world, with a tremendously poor human rights record which includes the imprisonment, torture and killing of its citizens; whereas on 5 July 2012 the UN Human Rights Council adopted a resolution strongly condemning the continued widespread and systematic violations of human rights committed by the Eritrean authorities, the severe restrictions on freedom of opinion and expression, and the forced conscription of citizens for indefinite periods, also appointing a Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in Eritrea in order to break with the country’s isolation and investigate and report on abuses; whereas the Swedish-Eritrean citizen Dawit Isaak has been kept incommunicado in jail without trial in Eritrea for the last 11 years; |
| AA. | ker sta 26. septembra 2012 predsednika Sudana in Južnega Sudana podpisala dolgo pričakovani sporazum o sodelovanju, ki omogoča ponovno vzpostavitev pretoka nafte z juga na sever, demilitarizacijo varovalnega pasu vzdolž meje, ponovno odprtje čezmejne trgovine in prosto gibanje državljanov obeh držav; ker se morata državi dogovoriti še o statusu regije Abyei in drugih spornih območij; | AA. | whereas on 26 September 2012 the Presidents of Sudan and South Sudan signed a long- awaited cooperation agreement, providing for the resumption of oil flows from the south through the north, demilitarisation of the buffer zone along the border, the reopening of crossborder trade and freedom of movement for citizens of both countries; whereas the two countries have yet to agree on the status of Abyei and other disputed areas; |
| AB. | ker se Južni Sudan sooča s hudimi političnimi, gospodarskimi in varnostnimi izzivi, ki se nanašajo predvsem na medskupnostno nasilje in neobstoj trdnih struktur upravljanja; ker je razoroževanje civilistov, ki poteka pod imenom „operacija za obnovitev miru“ in se je začelo marca 2012 kot odziv na medskupnostno nasilje v državi Jonglei, po poročanjih privedlo do zlorab civilistov s strani vojaških sil; | AB. | whereas South Sudan faces serious political, economic and security challenges, especially concerning intercommunal violence and lack of solid governance structures; whereas the ongoing civilian disarmament process known as ‘Operation Restore Peace’ which began in March 2012 in response to the intercommunal violence in Jonglei state has reportedly resulted in abuses perpetrated by army forces against civilians; |
| AC. | ker je v zahodni sudanski regiji Darfur in v južnih državah Južni Kurdufan in Modri Nil mir še vedno težko dosegljiv; ker organizacije za človekove pravice še vedno poročajo o vsesplošnih bombnih napadih vladnih sil na civilna območja, izvensodnih usmrtitvah, samovoljnih pridržanjih, ropanju in uničevanju lastnine; ker stalno nasilje sproža trajno in zaskrbljujočo humanitarno krizo; | AC. | whereas peace remains elusive in Sudan’s western region of Darfur and in the southern states of South Kordofan and Blue Nile; whereas human rights organisations continue to report indiscriminate bombings in civilian areas by government forces, extrajudicial killings, arbitrary arrests, mass looting and destruction of property; whereas the ongoing violence has triggered a lasting and worrying humanitarian crisis; |
| AD. | ker dostop do prebivalstva ostaja ena večjih težav pri reševanju humanitarnih stisk v državah Afriškega roga; | AD. | whereas access to the people remains a major problem in the Horn of Africa countries as far as dealing with the humanitarian emergency there is concerned; |
| AE. | ker se Evropska komisija pripravlja, da bo skupno humanitarno pomoč za prebivalstvo, ki ga je prizadela suša v državah Afriškega roga, zvišala na 158 milijonov EUR; | AE. | whereas the Commission is about to raise to EUR 158 million the total amount of humanitarian aid granted this year to the populations that have been victims of the drought in the Horn of Africa countries; |
| AF. | ker so se glavne države članice Afriške unije na mednarodni donatorski konferenci v Adis Abebi zavezale, da bodo sprostile skoraj 350 milijonov USD za države, ki jih je prizadela suša; | AF. | whereas at the international Pledging Conference held in Addis Ababa the main African Union member states undertook to release almost USD 350 million for the countries affected by the drought; |
| AG. | ker je Afriški rog, zlasti pa Somalijo, zaradi suše prizadela huda kriza v zvezi z lakoto, kar je imelo za posledico resno humanitarno krizo, ki je prizadela več kot 12 milijonov ljudi v tej regiji in več kot 7,5 milijonov v Somaliji; ker je kriza v zvezi z lakoto povzročila ne le smrt mnogih ljudi, zlasti otrok, temveč tudi velik dotok beguncev v sosednji Kenijo in Etiopijo; ker je Komisija povečala sredstva za humanitarno pomoč z 9 milijonov EUR leta 2008 na 46 milijonov EUR leta 2009, nato pa je znesek zmanjšala na 35 milijonov EUR leta 2010 in 30 milijonov EUR leta 2011; ker je zatem popravila dodeljena sredstva ter jih povečala na 77 milijonov EUR, vendar je to storila šele po hudi suši poleti 2011; | AG. | whereas the Horn of Africa, and especially Somalia, were hit by a severe famine crisis due to drought which resulted in a serious humanitarian crisis affecting more than 12 million people in the region, including over 7,5 million in Somalia; whereas the famine crisis not only caused the deaths of many people, especially children, but also led to a large-scale refugee flow to neighbouring Kenya and Ethiopia; whereas the Commission increased its humanitarian aid allocation from EUR 9 million in 2008 to EUR 46 million in 2009, but then reduced the amount to EUR 35 million in 2010 and EUR 30 million in 2011; whereas it subsequently revised the allocation upwards, to EUR 77 million, but only following the huge drought of summer 2011; |
| AH. | ker je znatno izboljšanje humanitarnih razmer v Afriškem rogu povezano z vsemi drugimi cilji Unije v tej regiji in mora zato vsaka trajnostna rešitev različnih sporov, ki pestijo regijo, upoštevati potrebe notranje razseljenih oseb, trajajočo begunsko krizo in njene vzroke, vključno s strukturno negotovostjo glede preskrbe s hrano, spori in učinki podnebnih sprememb, pri tem pa je treba posebno pozornost nameniti najbolj ranljivim skupinam prebivalcev, kot so ženske in otroci; | AH. | whereas any significant improvement in the humanitarian situation in the Horn of Africa will be interconnected with all other aims pursued by the Union in the region, and any sustainable resolution of the different conflicts plaguing the region therefore has to take account of the needs of internally displaced persons and the ongoing refugee crisis and its causes, including structural food insecurity, conflict and climate effects, also paying specific attention to the most vulnerable population groups such as women and children; |
| AI. | ker pomembni donatorji in politični akterji v regiji ne vključujejo samo tradicionalnih političnih in razvojnih akterjev, kot so EU, Združene države Amerike in mednarodne organizacije, na primer Združeni narodi (ZN) in Svetovna banka, ampak tudi Turčijo, Egipt, Svet za sodelovanje v Zalivu (zlasti Katar) in Organizacijo islamskega sodelovanja; ker ima Kitajska pomembno vlogo pri spodbujanju infrastrukturnega razvoja in gospodarskih zmogljivosti v Afriškem rogu, saj zagotavlja ugodna priložnostna posojila, ki niso pogojena z izvajanjem učinkovitih reform v državah in so pogosto spodbuda za privilegiran dostop države do naravnih virov in trga; | AI. | whereas the significant donors and political actors in the region include not only traditional political and development actors such as the EU, the US and international organisations such as the UN and the World Bank, but also Turkey, Egypt, the Gulf Cooperation Council states (in particular Qatar), and the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation; whereas China has been playing a key role in promoting infrastructural development and economic capabilities in the Horn of Africa by providing ad hoc soft loans which are not conditional on countries undertaking effective reforms and often act as an inducement for privileged access to natural resources and market access in the country concerned; |
| AJ. | ker je EU glavni vir mednarodne in humanitarne pomoči v Afriškem rogu ter prispeva k razvoju in varnosti te regije na kopnem in morju; | AJ. | whereas the EU is the main provider of international support and humanitarian aid in the Horn of Africa, and contributes to development and security there, both on land and at sea; |
| AK. | ker je vzpostavitev varnega okolja za trgovino in promet glavna pot do stabilizacije in razvoja v regiji, tako na kopnem kot na morju; | AK. | whereas the establishment of a secure environment for trade and transport is the main path towards stabilisation and development in the region, both on land and at sea; |
| AL. | ker je prodaja nezakonite slonovine po ogromnem povečanju povpraševanja v azijskih državah postala eden glavnih virov dohodka za milice, kot je Al Šabab, pa tudi za uradne vojaške sile; ker je po navedbah Konvencije o mednarodni trgovini z ogroženimi prostoživečimi živalskimi in rastlinskimi vrstami divji lov na slone zdaj dosegel najvišjo stopnjo v zadnjem desetletju, zabeležene količine zaplenjene slonovine pa so največje po letu 1989; | AL. | whereas the sale of illegal ivory has become one of the most important sources of income for militias such as Al-Shabaab, as well as for official military forces, following an enormous increase in demand from Asian countries; whereas according to CITES, elephant poaching levels are the worst in a decade and recorded ivory seizures are at their highest levels since 1989; |
| AM. | ker so bile glede na poročilo programa Združenih narodov za okolje ob popolnem neupoštevanju zdravja lokalnega prebivalstva in ohranjanja okolja ob somalijski obali odložene številne nezakonite pošiljke strupenih odpadkov, katerih vsebina uhaja v okolje; ker po podatkih navedenega poročila odpadki, odvrženi v morje, deloma izvirajo iz EU ter nepopravljivo škodijo zdravju ljudi in okolju v regiji, pri čemer se grobo kršijo človekove pravice; | AM. | whereas, according to a report by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), vast numbers of illegal shipments of toxic waste, the contents of which are leaking, have been dumped along the coast of Somalia, in total disregard of the health of the local population or the conservation of the environment; whereas, according to the same report, the waste dumped at sea partly originates from the EU and is irreversibly damaging human health and the environment in the region, in flagrant violation of human rights; |
| AN. | ker je regija trenutno oddaljena od vseh osmih razvojnih ciljev tisočletja in je nekaj napredka mogoče doseči zgolj z izkazovanjem močne politične volje v preostalih treh letih pred iztekom roka, ki je leto 2015; | AN. | whereas all eight Millennium Development Goals are currently off-target in the region, and only a resolute display of political will make it possible to achieve some progress in the three years remaining before the 2015 deadline; |
| AO. | ker nerazumnost in politični ekstremizem naletita na plodna tla v razmerah, kjer vladata revščina in lakota; ker so se humanitarne razmere štirinajst mesecev po tem, ko so Združeni narodi uradno razglasili prvo lakoto 21. stoletja, ki je doletela Afriški rog, relativno gledano izboljšale, ne da bi se dvignile nad kritično raven; | AO. | whereas irrationality and political extremism take root in situations of poverty or famine; whereas, fourteen months after the UN officially announced the existence of the first famine of the 21st century in the Horn of Africa, the humanitarian situation has shown a relative improvement but still remains critical; |
| AP. | ker je napredek pri zmanjševanju revščine v Afriškem rogu večkrat zastal zaradi pomanjkanja hrane in goriva, pa tudi zaradi svetovne gospodarske in finančne krize ter učinkov podnebnih sprememb; | AP. | whereas progress on poverty reduction has suffered setbacks in the Horn of Africa owing to the food and fuel crises, as well as the global economic and financial crisis and the impact of climate change; |
| AQ. | ker je Organizacija ZN za prehrano in kmetijstvo (FAO) marca 2012 ocenila, da več kot osem milijonov ljudi na Afriškem rogu potrebuje pomoč (od tega 3,2 milijona v Etiopiji; 2,5 milijona v Somaliji; 2,2 milijona v Keniji in 180 000 v Džibutiju); ker je leta 2011 regija utrpela najhujšo sušo v zadnjih 60 letih, ki je prizadela več kot 13 milijonov ljudi, izmed katerih jih je moralo več sto tisoč zapustiti svoje domove, več deset tisoč pa jih je umrlo; | AQ. | whereas in March 2012 the FAO estimated that more than eight million people were in need of assistance in the Horn of Africa (including 3,2 million in Ethiopia, 2,5 million in Somalia, 2,2 million in Kenya and 180 000 in Djibouti); whereas in 2011 the region suffered its worst drought in 60 years, which affected over 13 million people, forcing hundreds of thousands from their homes and killing tens of thousands more; |
| AR. | ker nekatere posamezne države Afriškega roga ovirajo delo Mednarodnega kazenskega sodišča v tej regiji, ki kaznuje storilce in se bojuje proti nekaznovanju; | AR. | whereas the work of the International Criminal Court in the Horn of Africa in bringing perpetrators to justice and fighting impunity is being hampered by certain individual countries in the region; |
| AS. | ker UNICEF za nadaljnje nudenje humanitarne pomoči in vlaganje v prizadevanja za obnovo v Somaliji, Keniji in Etiopiji za leto 2012 potrebuje 273 milijonov dolarjev, do konca julija pa je prejel samo 33 % omenjene vsote; | AS. | whereas in order to continue its humanitarian work and invest in recovery efforts in Somalia, Kenya and Ethiopia, UNICEF needs a total of USD 273 million for 2012, of which, as of the end of July 2012, it had received only 33 %; |
| Splošni okvir | General framework |
| 1. | pozdravlja strategijo EU za Afriški rog, zlasti njen celoviti pristop, ki temelji na reševanju vprašanj varnosti in stabilnosti, uveljavljanju pravne države in zagotavljanju pravičnega sojenja, ki mora vključevati delujoče mehanizme in postopke kazenskega pregona ter neodvisen sodni sistem, pri čemer se loteva temeljnih vzrokov teh težav, zlasti z razvojem in humanitarnimi strategijami, temelječimi na jasno zastavljenih ciljih; poziva k popolnemu izvajanju strateškega okvira EU za Afriški rog ter poziva petstransko strategijo, ki temelji na: | (i) | vzpostavitvi demokratičnih, čvrstih in odgovornih političnih struktur v vseh državah Afriškega roga; | (ii) | prizadevanju za reševanje sporov skupaj z državami te regije ter regionalnimi in mednarodnimi akterji in organizacijami, vključno z odpravljanjem temeljnih vzrokov zanje; | (iii) | zagotavljanju, da obstoječa negotovost v regiji ne bi ogrozila varnosti sosednjih držav ter drugih regij ali držav; | (iv) | podpiranju prizadevanj za pospeševanje gospodarske rasti in zmanjševanje revščine; | (v) | podpiranju političnega in gospodarskega regionalnega sodelovanja; | poudarja, kako pomembno je spodbujati trajnostno gospodarsko rast v regiji in zmanjševati revščino z odzivanjem na osnovne potrebe prebivalstva; | 1. | Welcomes the EU strategy for the Horn of Africa, and in particular its comprehensive approach based on tackling the security and stability concerns, enforcing the rule of law and ensuring due process, which must include functioning law enforcement mechanisms and procedures as well as an independent judicial system, whilst addressing the underlying causes thereof, in particular through developmental and humanitarian strategies based on clear objectives; urges the full implementation of the EU Strategic Framework for the Horn of Africa and supports its five prongs based on: | (i) | building democratic, robust and accountable political structures in all countries of the Horn of Africa; | (ii) | working with the countries of the region and with regional and international actors and organisations to resolve conflicts, including through addressing their root causes; | (iii) | ensuring that existing insecurity in the region does not threaten the security of other neighbouring states or other regions or countries; | (iv) | supporting efforts to promote economic growth and reduce poverty; | (v) | supporting political and economic regional cooperation; | stresses the importance of promoting sustainable economic growth in the region and reducing poverty, by responding to the basic needs of people; |
| 2. | poudarja, da je kakršna koli trajnostna rešitev številnih sporov v regiji lahko uspešna le, če vzpostavi načela dobrega sosedstva, ki premaga rivalstvo in mejne spore, nevmešavanja in sodelovanja med državami ter trajnostni razvoj s pošteno in pravično delitvijo dostopa do virov in z gospodarskimi priložnostmi za vse brez diskriminacije; ugotavlja, da so za to potrebna prizadevanja za preobrazbo pri vzpostavljanju miru, mediaciji in spravi, odprava nekaznovanja v sodelovanju z Mednarodnim kazenskim sodiščem ter popolno spoštovanje mednarodnega humanitarnega prava, ki vključuje neoviran dostop humanitarne pomoči do prebivalstva, pa tudi človekovih pravic; ugotavlja, da mora Unija v tesnem sodelovanju z regionalnimi organi odigrati vlogo nudenja pomoči pri teh postopkih, pri boju proti razširjanju orožja malega kalibra in lahkega strelnega orožja ter pri spodbujanju demobilizacije, razorožitve in ponovnega vključevanja nekdanjih borcev, vendar poudarja, da so na koncu prebivalci Afriškega roga edini akterji, ki lahko zagotovijo, da regija doseže trajen mir, stabilnost, blaginjo, pa tudi odgovorno vlado in pravno državo; | 2. | Stresses that any sustainable solution to the myriad of conflicts in the region can only succeed if it establishes the principles of good neighbourliness overcoming rivalry and border disputes, non-interference and cooperation among states, sustainable development with and equitable and fair sharing of access to resources, with economic opportunity for all without discrimination; notes that this requires transformative efforts in terms of peace-building, mediation and reconciliation, as well as the end of impunity, in cooperation with the International Criminal Court, and full respect for international humanitarian law including the unimpeded access of humanitarian assistance to the population, as well as for human rights; notes that the Union has a role to play, in close coordination with regional bodies, in assisting these processes, fighting the proliferation of small arms and light weapons and facilitating the demobilisation, disarmament and reintegration of former combatants, but stresses that ultimately the people of the Horn of Africa themselves are the only actors who can enable the region to attain durable peace, stability, and prosperity, together with accountable government and the rule of law; |
| 3. | pozdravlja imenovanje posebnega predstavnika Evropske unije za Afriški rog, k čemur je pozval Parlament v prej omenjeni resoluciji z dne 10. maja 2007 o Afriškem rogu; poziva visoko predstavnico/podpredsednico in Komisijo, naj dejavno podpirata delo posebnega predstavnika EU, tako da zagotovita primerne finančne in človeške vire ter neposreden dostop do struktur in misij skupne varnostne in obrambne politike ter do struktur in programov razvojne politike in politike humanitarne pomoči Evropske komisije; opozarja, da je Parlament v resoluciji pozval posebnega predstavnika EU za Afriški rog, naj Parlamentu posreduje redna poročila; v zvezi s tem pozdravlja njegova redna poročila Parlamentu in ga poziva, naj nadaljuje z dialogom ter redno izmenjavo mnenj z evropskimi poslanci; pozdravlja tudi imenovanje posebne predstavnice EU za Sudan in Južni Sudan; meni, da se morajo pristojne programske službe za finančne instrumente za zunanje delovanje EU redno posvetovati z obema posebnima predstavnikoma EU, da bi tako zagotovili celovito posvetovanje o ukrepih in njihovo usklajevanje, ter jima zagotavljati redne politične in strateške nasvete; poudarja pomen rednega dialoga in usklajevanja med obema posebnima predstavnikoma EU in vodji delegacij EU v regiji; | 3. | Welcomes the appointment of the European Union Special Representative (EUSR) for the Horn of Africa, as called for by Parliament in its aforementioned resolution of 10 May 2007 on the Horn of Africa; urges the HR/VP and the Commission to actively support the work of the EUSR by ensuring adequate financial and human resources and direct access to CSDP structures and missions, as well as to Commission development and humanitarian aid policy structures and programmes; recalls that in its resolution the European Parliament asked the EUSR for the Horn of Africa to submit regular reports to Parliament; welcomes, in this regard, the EUSR’s regular reports to Parliament, and invites him to continue the dialogue and exchanges of views with its Members on a regular basis; also welcomes the appointment of a EUSR for Sudan and South Sudan; believes that with a view to securing full consultation and coordination of action, the two Special Representatives should be consulted on a regular basis by the competent programming services for the financial instruments for the external action of the EU and should provide them with regular political and strategic advice; points out the value of regular dialogue and coordination between the two EUSRs and the heads of the EU delegations in the region; |
| 4. | meni, da bi bilo treba večji del virov vlagati v Medvladni organ za razvoj (IGAD), s čimer bi spodbujali sistem odgovornega vodenja ter učinkovit politični dialog in mehanizme doseganja soglasja znotraj držav članic organa in med njimi; poziva EU, naj k temu pripomore tako, da tesneje sodeluje v procesu krepitve notranje zmogljivosti teh držav; opozarja, da je izredno pomembno spodbujati regionalni institucionalni okvir za dialog in usklajevanje med državami te regije, zlasti ko gre za Etiopijo, Kenijo in Ugando, ki morajo kot osrednji akterji v regiji še naprej usklajevati svoja prizadevanja in slediti skupnim ciljem; nadalje opozarja, da bi lahko bil organ IGAD ustrezen okvir za dialog in usklajevanje v zvezi z izkoriščanjem življenjsko pomembnih naravnih virov, kot je voda; | 4. | Takes the view that more resources could be invested in IGAD in order to promote a system of good governance, as well as effective political dialogue and consensus-building mechanisms in and among all its member states; calls on the EU to facilitate this role by further engagement in their process of building their internal capacity; recalls that it will be of the utmost importance to promote a regional institutional framework for dialogue and coordination among the countries of the region, with particular reference to Ethiopia, Kenya and Uganda as the key regional players, who will need to continue to coordinate efforts and pursue shared objectives; further recalls that IGAD could provide an adequate framework for dialogue and coordination regarding the exploitation of vital natural resources such as water; |
| 5. | poziva Evropsko komisijo, naj predvidi pomoč in podporo za vse afriške države, ki z vojsko sodelujejo pri ohranjanju mira v državah Afriškega roga in predvsem v Somaliji; | 5. | Asks the Commission to consider assisting and supporting all the African countries that are involved militarily in the peacekeeping effort in the Horn of Africa countries, particularly in Somalia; |
| 6. | pozdravlja odločitev EU, da misiji AMISOM zagotovi dodatno podporo, da bo lahko izpolnila svoj mandat in dosegla skupen obseg sil 17 731 vojakov, kot ga dovoljujejo ZN; | 6. | Welcomes the EU’s decision to provide additional support to AMISOM, in order to allow it to fulfil its mandate and reach a total troop strength of 17 731, as authorised by the UN; |
| 7. | meni, da rezultati misije Afriške unije v Somaliji (AMISOM) pri spopadih z Al Šababom, kot je ponovna pridobitev nadzora nad mestom Kismayo, potrjujejo strateški pomen podpiranja Afriške unije; zato poudarja pomen spodbujanja procesa krepitve institucij in zmogljivosti, dobrega upravljanja Afriške unije ter zmogljivosti odzivanja slednje, na primer na ravni obvladovanja krize in na vojaški ravni; pozdravlja ustanovitev delegacije EU pri Afriški uniji v Adis Abebi; | 7. | Believes that the results secured by AMISOM in its fight against Al-Shabaab, such as regaining control of Kismayo, confirm the strategic importance of supporting the African Union; stresses, therefore, the importance of promoting the AU's process of institution- building, capacity-building and good governance, as well as its response capabilities, including at crisis management and military level; welcomes the establishment of an EU Delegation to the African Union in Addis Ababa; |
| 8. | poziva, da je treba nujno pomagati pravosodnim in kazenskim sistemom držav, ki so sodelovale z EU pri premestitvi osumljenih piratov (Kenija, Sejšeli in Mauritius), ter podpreti somalijske oblasti, da si zagotovijo pravosodne zmogljivosti in ustrezne sodne postopke v skladu z mednarodnim pravom, zlasti s področja človekovih pravic, da bi lahko obravnavali zajete pirate in člane militantne skupine Al Šabab; istočasno poudarja, kako pomembno je, da se zajetim piratom zagotovita rehabilitacija in vključevanje v družbo; | 8. | Calls, as a matter of urgency, for assistance to be granted to the legal and prison systems of those countries that have cooperated with the EU in the transfer of piracy suspects (Kenya, the Seychelles and Mauritius), as well for as support for the Somali authorities to ensure that they have the judicial capacity and legal due processes according to international law, in particular human rights law, enabling them to handle captured pirates and Al-Shabaab militants; underlines the importance, at the same time, of offering captured pirates a process of rehabilitation and social reintegration; |
| 9. | obžaluje, da številni pirati in drugi zločinci še vedno niso bili aretirani ali so bili po aretaciji pogosto izpuščeni, ker proti njim ni bilo trdnih pravnih dokazov ali zaradi pomanjkanja politične volje za pregon, in to kljub pomoči EU za krepitev pravne države v regiji, sporazumom o premestitvi med EU in tretjimi državami (Kenijo, Sejšeli, Mauritiusom) in dvostranskim sporazumom o vračanju obsojenih piratov med Sejšeli ter somalijskima regijama Puntland in Somaliland, ter zaradi različnih mednarodnih pravnih okvirov; | 9. | Deplores the fact that, in spite of the EU aid provided to strengthen the rule of law in the region, the existence of transfer agreements between the Union and third countries (Kenya, the Seychelles and Mauritius), and the bilateral agreements between the Seychelles, Puntland and Somaliland on the repatriation of convicted pirates, as well as the various relevant international legal frameworks, numerous pirates and other criminals either have not yet been arrested or have been arrested but then released for lack of firm evidence or political will to prosecute them; |
| 10. | z veseljem pozdravlja poročilo ZN z dne 25. januarja 2011, v katerem je izpostavljenih 25 predlogov, ki jih je podal Jack Lang, posebni svetovalec generalnega sekretarja ZN za pravna vprašanja, povezana s piratstvom ob obali Somalije; pozdravlja tudi ustrezna poročila Jacka Langa o nadaljnjem ukrepanju, kot je poročilo o načinih za vzpostavitev specializiranih sodišč za piratstvo v Somaliji z dne 15. junija 2011, in poročilo generalnega sekretarja o specializiranih sodiščih za piratstvo v Somaliji in drugih državah v regiji z dne 20. januarja 2012; poziva visoko predstavnico/podpredsednico, posebnega predstavnika EU, vse tri vodje misij in vodje delegacij, naj predloge Jacka Langa obravnavajo prednostno in razvijejo strategijo za prispevek EU k mednarodnemu pristopu h kazenskemu pravu na ozemlju Somalije; | 10. | Strongly welcomes the UN report dated 25 January 2011 highlighting 25 proposals made by Jack Lang, Special Adviser to the UN Secretary-General on legal issues related to piracy off the coast of Somalia; also welcomes the relevant follow-up reports by Jack Lang such as the report on the modalities for the establishment of specialised Somali anti-piracy courts of 15 June 2011 and the report of the Secretary-General on specialised anti-piracy courts in Somalia and other states in the region of 20 January 2012; urges the HR/VP, the EUSR and the three HoMs and HoDs to act on the proposals made by Jack Lang as a matter of priority and to develop an strategy for the EU’s contribution to the international approach to criminal justice on the territory of Somalia; |
| 11. | ponovno poziva države članice, naj v sodelovanju z Europolom in Interpolom raziščejo denarne tokove in jim sledijo ter zasežejo denar, ki se piratom plača kot odkupnina, saj znaki kažejo na to, da bi se lahko ta sredstva nakazala na bančne račune po vsem svetu, tudi v banke v Evropi, ter naj odkrijejo in razkrinkajo mreže organiziranega kriminala, ki imajo od teh dejanj dobiček; poziva Svet, naj spodbuja nadaljnje sodelovanje med EUNAVFOR ter Europolom in Interpolom; | 11. | Reiterates its call on the Member States, in cooperation with Europol and INTERPOL, to investigate and trace money flows and confiscate the sums paid in ransom to pirates, since there are indications that this money could be transferred to bank accounts worldwide, including in banks in Europe, and also to identify and dismantle the organised criminal networks that reap the profits of such acts; calls on the Council to facilitate further cooperation between EU NAVFOR on the one hand, and Europol and Interpol on the other; |
| 12. | poziva vse države v regiji, naj sodelujejo z Mednarodnim kazenskim sodiščem, in opozarja na zavezujočo obveznost tistih, ki so podpisale in ratificirale Rimski statut; obenem pozdravlja nedavne spremembe na Mednarodnem kazenskem sodišču, ki so omogočile opravljanje raziskav in preiskav v državah, ki niso pogodbenice Rimskega statuta oziroma ga niso ratificirale; | 12. | Urges all countries in the region to collaborate with the ICC, and recalls the binding obligation of those which have signed and ratified the Rome Statute; also welcomes the recent developments in the ICC allowing research and investigations to be conducted in countries that are not party to or have not ratified the Rome Statute; |
| 13. | poziva institucije Evropske unije, naj ostanejo pozorne in aktivne pri politični tranziciji, ki se začenja v Etiopiji, in ob demokratičnem napredku, ki se kaže v Somaliji; | 13. | Calls on the European institutions to remain vigilant and active in response to the political transition under way in Ethiopia and the first steps towards democracy in Somalia; |
| 14. | meni, da bi bilo priložnost, ki jo ponujajo odprtje oporoke pokojnega, 20. avgusta 2012 preminulega etiopskega predsednika vlade Melesa Zenawija, izvolitev novega somalijskega predsednika in bližajoče se parlamentarne volitve v Keniji v letu 2013, dobro izkoristiti za: | (i) | prizadevanje za večje spoštovanje ustavnih norm, pravne države, človekovih pravic in enakosti spolov ob sodelovanju in dialogu s partnerji v Afriškem rogu; | (ii) | nadaljevanje prizadevanj za institucionalni razvoj, krepitev demokracije in demokratizacijo; | (iii) | spremljanje nadaljnjih ukrepov po priporočilih misije za spremljanje volitev in zagotavljanje podpore za njihovo izvedbo, če je potrebno, | (iv) | krepitev političnega dialoga na državni in regionalni ravni ter sprožanje nadaljnjih vprašanj v zvezi s človekovimi pravicami, vključno z izvensodnimi usmrtitvami, samovoljnimi aretacijami in zapiranjem, kjer je primerno, ter bojem proti nekaznovanju; | (v) | podpiranje neodvisne civilne družbe, ki bi bila sposobna oblikovati družbene programe; | 14. | Considers it desirable to seize the opportunity presented by the opening-up of the succession to the late Ethiopian Prime Minister Meles Zenawi, who died on 20 August 2012, the election of the new Somali President, and the approach of the Kenyan legislative elections in 2013, in order to: | (i) | work on promoting respect for constitutional norms, the rule of law, human rights, and gender equality through cooperation and dialogue with the Horn partners; | (ii) | continue work on institutional development, democracy-building and democratisation; | (iii) | monitor the follow-up of the recommendations of the Electoral Observation Mission (EOM) and provide support for their implementation where relevant, | (iv) | reinforce political dialogue at country and regional level, and continue to raise issues of human rights, including wherever appropriate extrajudicial killings, arbitrary arrest and imprisonment, and the fight against impunity; | (v) | support an independent civil society that is able to express social agendas; |
| 15. | pozdravlja dejstvo, da je bil ob izteku roka, določenega v načrtu mirovnega in varnostnega sveta, kot je bil potrjen z Resolucijo 2046 (2012) Varnostnega sveta ZN, dosežen sporazum med Sudanom in Južnim Sudanom o naftnih virih; upa, da bo navedeni sporazum v čim krajšem času dokončno uredil tudi vprašanje dobave nafte iz Južnega Sudana; | 15. | Welcomes the conclusion, at the end of the period stipulated in the AU Peace and Security Council Roadmap as enshrined in UN Security Council Resolution 2046 (2012) of an agreement between Sudan and South Sudan on oil resources; hopes that this agreement will also finally resolve, at the earliest possible date, the problem of transit arrangements for oil from South Sudan; |
| Okvir varnostne politike | Security policy framework |
| 16. | pozdravlja pomemben prispevek operacije EUNAVFOR Atalanta k prizadevanjem za boj proti piratstvu in izboljšanje pomorske varnosti v obalnih vodah Somalije; poudarja njeno vlogo pri zaščiti plovil, ki dostavljajo pomoč Somaliji v okviru Svetovnega programa za hrano, ter drugih ogroženih plovil in dobav misiji AMISOM; pozdravlja sklep Sveta z dne 23. marca 2012 o podaljšanju operacije EUNAVFOR Atalanta do decembra 2014 in razširitvi njenega mandata, da bi se lahko usmerila na kopenske operativne baze piratov; poziva države članice, naj zagotovijo ustrezno podporo operaciji EUNAVFOR Atalanta s primernimi nadzornimi in patruljnimi plovili, saj trenutne zmage v boju proti piratstvu niso dokončne, pa tudi s sredstvi, s katerimi bo lahko mednarodna skupnost preganjala pirate, njihove financerje in mreže, pri čemer priznava, da so bili za preprečevanje piratstva najbolj uspešni ukrepi za zaščito na krovu plovila, ki so jih uvedle ladjarske družbe; v zvezi s tem pozdravlja nedavne pozive pomorskega sektorja k zakonski ureditvi zasebnih podjetij za pomorsko varnost in poziva Mednarodno pomorsko organizacijo, države zastave in pomorski sektor, naj s skupnimi močmi oblikujejo jasne, dosledne in izvršljive mednarodne standarde glede uporabe zasebno najetega oboroženega varnostnega osebja na krovu ladij, zasebna varnostna podjetja pa poziva, naj te standarde dosledno upoštevajo; | 16. | Welcomes the important contribution made by EU-NAVFOR Operation ATALANTA in the effort to fight piracy and improve maritime security off the coast of Somalia; underlines its role in protecting World Food Programme chartered vessels delivering aid to Somalia and other vulnerable vessels, as well as supplies to AMISOM; welcomes the Council decision of 23 March 2012 prolonging EU-NAVFOR Atalanta to December 2014 and extending its mandate to target the operational bases of pirates onshore; urges the Member States to ensure that EU-NAVFOR ATALANTA is properly supported with adequate surveillance and patrol ships, since the current gains in the fight against piracy are reversible, as well as with the means for the international community to pursue pirates and their financiers and networks, recognising that the most effective counter-piracy measures have in fact been the on-board vessel protection measures introduced by shipping companies; welcomes, in this context, the recent calls from the maritime industry for the regulation of private maritime security companies, and calls on the International Maritime Organisation, flag states and the maritime industry to work together in order to further develop and implement clear, consistent and enforceable internationally agreed standards regarding the use of privately contracted armed security personnel on board ships, and for private maritime security companies to act in strict adherence with those standards; |
| 17. | opozarja na pomen sodelovanja med operacijo EUNAVFOR in drugimi mednarodnimi misijami na tem področju, predvsem misijo AMISOM na kopnem, in meni, da so dobri odnosi in tesno sodelovanje, vključno z izmenjavo informacij, ključ za zagotovitev stabilne Somalije; opozarja, da bosta operacija EUNAVFOR Atalanta in Natova operacija Ocean Shield lahko uspešno odvračali od piratstva in ga obvladovali le, če se bo v Afriškem rogu, predvsem v Somaliji, začela izvajati celovita strategija, ki bo obravnavala razloge, zaradi katerih Somalci iščejo prihodek v piratstvu in kriminalni dejavnosti; ugotavlja, da je sedanja misija zveze NATO za preprečevanje piratstva, operacija Ocean Shield, oktobra 2008 uspešno izvedla dve krajši operaciji za preprečevanje piratstva, da bi zaščitila pošiljko Svetovnega programa za hrano; | 17. | Notes the importance of cooperation between EU NAVFOR and the other international missions operating in the area, notably the AMISOM land-based operation, and considers that good relations and close cooperation, including information-sharing, are the key towards ensuring a stable Somalia; recalls that EU-NAVFOR ATALANTA and NATO’s Operation Ocean Shield can only successfully deter and contain piracy if a comprehensive strategy is put in place in the Horn of Africa, and particularly in Somalia, to address the reasons that draw Somalis into piracy and criminal activity for income; notes that NATO’s current counter-piracy mission, Operation Ocean Shield, has had success with two shorter counter-piracy operations, dating from October 2008, to protect WFP shipping; |
| 18. | pozdravlja sklep Sveta za zunanje zadeve z dne 12. decembra 2011 o vzpostavitvi pobude za krepitev regionalnih pomorskih zmogljivosti, znane pod imenom EUCAP Nestor, da bi okrepili zmogljivosti na morju in v pravosodju ter izboljšali usposabljanje pripadnikov obalne policije in sodnikov, pri čemer bi se posvetovali z lokalnimi skupnostmi v petih državah na Afriškem rogu in ob zahodnem Indijskem oceanu ter pridobili njihovo soglasje; poziva vse države članice, naj novi misiji nemudoma dodelijo sposobno civilno in vojaško osebje; poziva k tesnemu usklajevanju z drugimi pobudami, vključno z evropskim projektom MARSIC v okviru programa kritičnih pomorskih poti, ki ga financira instrument za stabilnost, in programom za regionalno pomorsko varnost (MASE), ki je nastal na pobudo držav regije vzhodne in južne Afrike ter Indijskega oceana in ga podpira EU, njegov namen pa je preprečevati piratstvo na kopnem in okrepiti pravosodne zmogljivosti za prijetje, privedbo, pridržanje in sodni pregon osumljenih piratstva; meni, da bo mednarodna skupnost lahko uresničila širši cilj stabilnosti in varnosti v regiji ter zmanjšala število pomorskih patrulj v tem območju samo, če se bodo okrepile zmogljivosti obalne varnosti obrežnih držav, obravnavali temeljni vzroki piratstva na kopnem ter spodbujalo spoštovanje najboljših praks upravljanja (Best Management Practices) BMP4 za prevoz po morju in izboljšanih standardov za sektor pomorske varnosti; | 18. | Welcomes the decision of 12 December 2011 by the Foreign Affairs Council to establish a regional maritime capacity-building initiative, known as EUCAP Nestor, in order to strengthen the maritime and judicial capabilities and training of coastal police forces and judges, in consultation with and with the consent of the local communities in five countries in the Horn of Africa and the western Indian Ocean; calls on all Member States to staff the new mission without delay with competent civilian and military personnel; calls for close coordination with other initiatives, including the EU’s MARSIC project, under the Critical Maritime Routes Programme sponsored by the Instrument for Stability and the regional Maritime Security Programme (MASE), initiated by the countries of the Eastern and Southern Africa and Indian Ocean region and supported by the EU, and aimed at tackling piracy on land and enhancing judicial capacities to arrest, transfer, detain and prosecute piracy suspects; believes that only by enhancing the coastal security capabilities of the riparian countries, addressing the root causes of piracy on land and encouraging adherence to the BMP4 Best Management Practices for shipping and improved standards for the maritime security industry, will the international community be able to achieve the wider goal of stability and security for the region and therefore reduce the need for naval patrols in the area; |
| 19. | pozdravlja sklep iz julija 2011, da se podaljša mandat misije EU za usposabljanje (EUTM) s sedežem v Ugandi in preusmeri njegovo težišče; kljub temu poziva k boljšemu preverjanju in spremljanju vedenja in odgovornosti vseh nabornikov, ki se usposabljajo v okviru misije EUTM, s čimer bi zagotovili, da v program ne bodo sprejeti mladoletniki in posamezniki, povezani z militantnimi skupinami, zagotovili njihovo vključevanje v somalijske oborožene sile ter omogočili takojšnje sporočanje in preiskave morebitnih prebegov; prav tako poziva EU, naj prevzame vlogo pri natančnem spremljanju plačilne verige pri usposabljanju vojske, saj bi tako zagotovili, da plačilo prejmejo predvideni upravičenci, s čimer se spodbuja njihova motiviranost, pripadnost in zavezanost, hkrati pa zagotavlja, da bodo prihodnje somalijske varnostne sile sposobne prevzemati odgovornost; | 19. | Welcomes the decision of July 2011 to extend and refocus the mandate of the EU Training Mission (EUTM) based in Uganda; nevertheless, calls for better screening and monitoring of the conduct and accountability of all recruits trained by EUTM in order to ensure that minors or individuals affiliated with militant groups are not accepted into the programme, that they are integrated into the Somali armed forces, and that any defections are immediately notified and investigated; also calls on the EU to assume a role in the close monitoring of the payment chain for training forces, so as to ensure that the payments reach their intended beneficiaries and generate motivation, allegiance and commitment, thereby also ensuring that the ability to take ownership remains with the future security forces of Somalia; |
| 20. | poudarja potrebo po tesnem strateškem usklajevanju med vsemi akterji v zvezi z varnostjo, zlasti med misijami EUNAVFOR Atalanta, EUTM Somalija in EUCAP Nestor, pa tudi zvezo NATO (operacija Oceanski ščit), namensko pomorsko enoto CTF-151 pod vodstvom Združenih držav Amerike, Združenimi narodi in misijo Afriške unije v Somaliji; je seznanjen z mednarodnimi usklajevalnimi mehanizmi, kot sta Kontaktna skupina za piratstvo v obalnih vodah Somalije v New Yorku (CGPCS) in mehanizem za skupno osveščanje o položaju in ublažitev sporov (SHADE) v Bahrajnu; zato pozdravlja sklep Sveta z dne 23. marca 2012 o aktiviranju operativnega centra EU, za začetno dveletno obdobje, da se uskladijo in povečajo sinergije med vsemi tremi misijami skupne varnostne in obrambne politike v Afriškem rogu ter strukturami s sedežem v Bruslju v okviru strategije za Afriški rog in v povezavi s posebnim predstavnikom EU za Afriški rog; | 20. | Underlines the need for close strategic coordination among all security-related actors, in particular EU-NAVFOR ATALANTA, EUTM Somalia and EUCAP Nestor, as well as NATO (Operation Ocean Shield), the US-led taskforce CTF-151, the UN and AMISOM; notes the existence of international coordination mechanisms such as the Contact Group on Piracy off the Coast of Somalia (CGPCS) in New York and the Shared Awareness and Deconfliction (SHADE) mechanism in Bahrain; welcomes, therefore, the Council decision of 23 March 2012 to activate, for an initial two-year period, the EU Operations Centre in order to coordinate and increase synergies between the three CSDP missions in the Horn of Africa, as well as the Brussels-based structures, in the context of the Horn of Africa Strategy and in liaison with the EU Special Representative for the Horn of Africa; |
| 21. | ugotavlja, da so prisotna znamenja, da Gospodova uporniška vojska (LRA) morda širi svoj obseg in v boj vpleta več držav ter ogroža več otrok; opozarja, da sta boj proti tej vojski in lov na njenega voditelja Josepha Konyja močno odvisna od financiranja, opreme in logistične podpore Združenih držav Amerike; poziva EU, naj skupaj z ZDA usklajuje morebitno dodatno pomoč, ki je potrebna za boj proti Gospodovi odporniški vojski pod vodstvom Afriške unije; | 21. | Notes that there are signs that the LRA may be expanding its range, drawing more countries into the fight and putting more children at risk; recalls that the fight against the LRA and the hunt for its leader, Joseph Kony, have been heavily reliant on funding, equipment and logistical support from the US; calls on the EU to coordinate with the US for any additional assistance required in the fight against the LRA, under AU oversight; |
| 22. | obsoja pomanjkljivo izvajanje predpisov Konvencije o mednarodni trgovini z ogroženimi prostoživečimi živalskimi in rastlinskimi vrstami; poziva Komisijo in Svet, naj spodbujata vzpostavitev sistema certificiranja in nadzora nad uvozom slonovine v EU, ki bi delovala na podoben način kot pri uspešnem procesu Kimberley; | 22. | Denounces the lack of implementation of the CITES regulations; calls on the Commission and Council to promote the creation of a system of certification and control of ivory imports into the EU, similar to the successful Kimberley process; |
| Krepitev celovitega pristopa | Reinforcing the comprehensive approach |
| 23. | pozdravlja strategijo EU za Afriški rog, ki ne zajema le varnostne in humanitarne politike, ampak tudi dolgotrajno razvojno politiko in cilj doseganja razvojnih ciljev tisočletja; poudarja pomen tega dolgoročnega pogleda na razvojno politiko ter poziva Komisijo in države članice, naj čim prej uskladijo svoje politike na tem področju in se poslužujejo skupnega načrtovanja programov za različne države in regijo; | 23. | Welcomes the EU strategy for the Horn of Africa, encompassing as it does not only security and humanitarian policy but also longer-term development policy and the MDG objectives; underlines the importance of this longer-term vision of development policy, and calls on the Commission and the Member States to coordinate their policies in this respect and to employ joint programming for the various countries and the region as soon as possible; |
| 24. | meni, da bi stabilen in varen Afriški rog imel pozitivne politične in varnostne učinke zunaj regije, tudi kar zadeva naložbe in varne plovne poti v Indijskem oceanu; zato meni, da bi bilo treba začeti razmišljati, na ravni G-20, o strategijah za spodbujanje varnosti in stabilnosti v regiji in o usklajevanju, da se zagotovijo potrebna finančna sredstva za izvajanje celovitega pristopa; v zvezi s tem opozarja na pozitivno izkušnjo konference o Somaliji v Londonu februarja 2012 in poziva visoko predstavnico/podpredsednico, naj razišče možnosti za podobno konferenco v letu 2013; | 24. | Believes that a stable and secure Horn of Africa would have positive political and security impacts beyond the region, also in terms of investment and secure shipping routes in the Indian Ocean; takes the view, therefore, that a reflection on strategies to promote security and stability in the region and on coordination to provide the necessary financial resources to implement a comprehensive approach should be started at G-20 level; notes in this regard the positive experience of the Somalia conference held in London in February 2012, and encourages the HR/VP to explore the possibility of a similar conference in 2013; |
| 25. | meni, da bi bilo treba na Afriški rog gledati tudi kot na regijo z velikim gospodarskim potencialom, zlasti na področju rudnin in kmetijstva; zato poziva Svet, Komisijo, Evropsko službo za zunanje delovanje in Evropsko investicijsko banko, naj ob usklajevanju z drugimi večstranskimi donatorji in finančnimi ustanovami opredelijo projekte skupnega interesa za države v tej regiji, ki bi lahko spodbujali sodelovanje in pozitivno medsebojno odvisnost, na primer na področju oskrbe z energijo, vključno z obnovljivimi viri energije, in naravnih virov, vključno z vodo; poudarja pomen čezmejne trgovine, dostopa do mednarodnih trgov, infrastrukture pristanišč in zagotavljanja ustreznih koridorjev za dostop do pristanišč za celinske države kot ključnih elementov za dolgoročen gospodarski razvoj Afriškega roga; poziva Komisijo, naj izvede poglobljeno analizo razsežnosti in vpliva praks dajanja zemljišč v najem tretjim državam v Afriškem rogu v gospodarskem, okoljskem in družbenem smislu ter predlaga morebitne varovalne strategije in mehanizme; | 25. | Believes that the Horn of Africa should also be perceived in terms of having strong economic potential, particularly mineral and agricultural; calls, therefore, on the Council, the Commission, the EEAS and the EIB, in coordination with other multilateral donors and financial institutions, to identify projects of common interest for the countries of the region, which could promote cooperation and positive interdependence, e.g. in the areas of energy supply, including renewable energy, and natural resources, including water; stresses the importance of crossborder trade, access to international markets, port infrastructure and the provision of adequate corridors for access to ports for landlocked countries, as vital elements for the long-term economic development of the Horn of Africa; calls on the Commission to carry out an in-depth analysis of the dimension and impact in economic, environmental and social terms of practices of land-renting to third countries in the Horn of Africa, and to propose possible safeguard strategies and mechanisms; |
| 26. | meni, da krepitev regionalne varnosti in boj proti terorizmu in piratstvu, kljub temu, da sta nujna, ne smeta zasenčiti nujne potrebe po pomoči, v prvi vrsti namenjeni za izkoreninjenje revščine v regiji, še posebej, ker mora EU v skladu s svojo ustanovno pogodbo pri izvajanju politik, ki lahko vplivajo na države v razvoju, upoštevati cilje razvojnega sodelovanja, med katerimi sta na prvem mestu zmanjšanje in izkoreninjenje revščine (člen 208(1) PDEU); poudarja, da so vse države Afriškega roga države v razvoju in da so, z izjemo obeh Sudanov, ki nista podpisnika Sporazuma iz Cotonouja, v okviru 10. Evropskega razvojnega sklada (ERS) (2008–2013) kot take dobile 2 milijardi evrov razvojne pomoči (od tega 644 milijonov samo za Etiopijo) za nacionalne in regionalne okvirne programe; navaja, da so vzhodnoafriška in južnoafriška regija ter regija Indijskega oceana v istem obdobju v okviru 10. Evropskega razvojnega sklada (ERS) prejele 619 milijonov evrov (deloma za Medvladno oblast za razvoj IGAD (Inter-Governmental Authority on Development) za izkoreninjenje revščine v državah te regije in kot pomoč pri njihovem uresničevanju razvojnih ciljev tisočletja; opozarja tudi, da mirovna pomoč za Afriko, podinstrument Evropskega razvojnega sklada (ERS), finančno podpira misijo Afriške unije v Somaliji; | 26. | Takes the view that boosting regional security and combating terrorism and piracy, while essential, must not eclipse the absolute necessity of supporting as a first priority the eradication of poverty in the region, particularly since the EU has an obligation under its founding Treaty to take account of the objectives of development cooperation — foremost among which are the reduction and eradication of poverty — in the policies that it implements which are likely to affect developing countries (Article 208(1) TFEU); notes that all the countries of the Horn of Africa are developing countries, and as such — apart from Sudan and South Sudan, which have not signed the Cotonou Agreement — have received EUR 2 billion in development aid (of which EUR 644 million went to Ethiopia alone) for indicative national and regional programmes under the 10th EDF (2008-2013); notes that, over the same period, again under the 10th EDF, the East Africa, Southern Africa and Indian Ocean region is receiving EUR 619 million, partly for the Inter-Governmental Authority on Development (IGAD), the aim being to eradicate poverty in the countries of the region and help them attain the Millennium Development Goals; recalls, finally, that the African Peace Facility, a sub-instrument of the EDF, gives financial support to AMISOM; |
| 27. | meni, da bi EU (države članice in Evropska komisija), ki je v svetovnem merilu glavni vir razvojne in humanitarne pomoči v regiji, lahko zahvaljujoč med drugim centralizaciji diplomatskih prizadevanj v okviru Evropske službe za zunanje delovanje in posebnega predstavnika EU, uspehu operacije Atalanta ter prisotnosti diplomatskih in vojaških sil nekaterih držav članic v regiji storila več za izkoreninjenje razširjene revščine v regiji ter obstoječih območij nereda in brezpravja; | 27. | Takes the view that, as the world’s main development aid and humanitarian aid distributor in the region, thanks in part to the centralisation of its diplomatic activity in the EEAS and the EUSR, the success of Operation Atalanta, and the diplomatic and military presence in the region of certain Member States, the EU (the Member States and the Commission) could do more to eradicate the endemic poverty in the region and the pockets of anarchy and lawlessness that exist there; |
| 28. | meni, da bi bilo zagon, ki ga predstavlja izvolitev novega somalijskega predsednika Hasana Šejka Mohamuda 10. septembra 2012, dobro izkoristiti za vzpostavitev normalnih diplomatskih in gospodarskih odnosov med Etiopijo in Eritrejo in za rešitev somalijske krize, kar bi bilo ugodno za razvoj celotne regije, pri čemer bodo v pomoč strateški okvir za Afriški rog ter podpora posebnega predstavnika EU v regiji, pa tudi podpora Evropske službe za zunanje delovanje, nacionalnih diplomatskih služb in Afriške unije; ugotavlja, da je tudi območje Velikih jezer, ki meji na zahodni rob Afriškega roga, eno najbolj nestabilnih območij z državami z zelo nizko stopnjo razvitosti, ki so žrtve oboroženega nasilja (npr. Demokratična republika Kongo) ali celo v vojni z eno ali več sosednjimi državami (npr. napetosti med Demokratično republiko Kongo in Ruando, ki je v širšem smislu del Afriškega roga); poudarja, da pri izvajanju evropske strategije za Afriški rog ne smemo spregledati njenega morebitnega vpliva na prav tako nujen razvoj sosednjih regij (predvsem območja Velikih jezer, srednje Afrike in južne Afrike). | 28. | Considers it desirable to seize the opportunity presented by the election on 10 September 2012 of the new Somali President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud, with a view to working — helped by the Strategic Framework for the Horn of Africa and with the support in the region of the EUSR, as well as that of the EEAS and national diplomats and of the African Union — in favour of the establishment of normal diplomatic and economic relations between Ethiopia and Eritrea and of the resolution of the Somali crisis, since this would benefit the development of the whole region; notes that the Great Lakes region, which borders the western fringes of the Horn of Africa, is also one of the most unstable in the world, including some severely underdeveloped countries that are plagued by armed violence — e.g. the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) — and even by wars with one or more of their neighbours — e.g. the tensions between the DRC and Rwanda, which is part of the Horn of Africa in the wider sense; stresses that in implementing the European strategy for the Horn of Africa we cannot ignore its possible repercussions for the much-needed development of the neighbouring regions (notably the Great Lakes region, Central Africa and Southern Africa). |
| 29. | tako z vidika regionalne razvojne pomoči kot tudi z vidika humanitarne pomoči pozdravlja novi načrt za Afriški rog, ki ga je leta 2012 predlagala Evropska komisija, tj. tako imenovani načrt SHARE (Supporting Horn of Africa Resilience), ki naj bi predstavljal instrument za povezovanje kratkoročne humanitarne pomoči in dolgoročnega razvoja, s čimer naj bi prekinili začarani krog kriz v regiji; v celoti podpira Evropsko komisijo pri krepitvi povezave med nujno pomočjo, obnovo in razvojem (LRRD:Link between Relief, Rehabilitation and Development); poziva EU, naj si v okviru tega programa prizadeva za zagotovitev različnih možnosti preživljanja in boljšega dostopa do trgov in informacij, da bi povečali dohodek gospodinjstev pastirjev, tudi tistih, ki se ukvarjajo še s poljedelstvom, ter obrečnega, obalnega, mestnega in primestnega prebivalstva, naj izboljša dostop do osnovnih socialnih storitev ter skuša ponuditi zanesljive in predvidljive ravni podpore za prebivalstvo, ki je ogroženo celo leto ali v določenih sezonah; | 29. | Welcomes, in the interests of both regional development aid and humanitarian aid, the new plan for the Horn of Africa proposed by the Commission in 2012 known as SHARE (Supporting Horn of Africa Resilience), which seeks to be an instrument linking short-term humanitarian aid to long-term development in order to break the vicious circle of crises afflicting the region; fully supports the Commission in this project to strengthen the link between relief, rehabilitation and development (LRRD); calls for the EU to work through this programme towards the provision of diverse livelihood opportunities and better access to markets and information, so as to boost household incomes for pastoralist, agropastoralist, riverine, coastal, urban and periurban populations, to improve access to basic social services, and to aim to offer reliable and predictable levels of support for chronically and seasonally at-risk populations; |
| 30. | pozdravlja novi program EU SHARE, katerega cilj je povečati odpornost držav Afriškega roga proti različnim grožnjam, katerih žrtve so; poudarja pa, da mora biti ta program usklajen s strategijo EU za Sahel, ki se sooča z enakimi grožnjami (terorizem, promet s prepovedanimi drogami, podnebne spremembe, pritok beguncev in razseljenih oseb itd.); | 30. | Welcomes the new EU SHARE programme, which aims to increase the resilience of the countries of the Horn of Africa in respect of the various threats they have to face; stresses, however, that this programme should be coordinated with the EU strategy for the Sahel, which has to face the same challenges (terrorism, drugs, climate change, influxes of refugees and displaced persons, etc); |
| 31. | meni, da je v državah Afriškega roga pomembno podpirati kmetijstvo, pašništvo in živinorejo, ter pozdravlja pomembno delo, ki ga na teh področjih opravljajo nevladne organizacije; | 31. | Takes the view that it is important to support agriculture, pastoralism and cattle breeding in the Horn of Africa countries, and welcomes the important work done by various NGOs in these spheres; |
| 32. | poziva Evropsko komisijo, naj podpre vse programe za dostop do vode kot temeljne in skupne pravice človeštva ter podpre javna in zasebna partnerstva za dostop do pitne vode; | 32. | Calls on the Commission to support all programmes for access to water as a fundamental right and a common asset of humanity, and to support public and private partnerships for access to drinking water; |
| 33. | vztrajno poudarja, da pomoč EU v Afriškem rogu, kadar je mogoče, ne bi smela biti v obliki neposredne proračunske podpore, ampak bi jo bilo treba dodeliti za dosego določenih ciljev na osnovi jasnih kazalnikov uspešnosti; meni, da je treba pomoč v primeru, ko mora biti v obliki proračunske pomoči, pogojevati z dosego določenih ciljev; meni, da bi programi, ki so usmerjeni k podpiranju strategije EU za Afriški rog, morali imeti možnost izkoriščati kombinirane vire, kar pomeni, da bi financiranje takšnih programov moralo biti odprto za druge mednarodne donatorje na osnovi jasnih skupnih standardov, da se zagotovita usklajen in enoten pristop vseh donatorjev ter najmanjše možno tveganje nasprotujočih si pristopov ali podvajanja; meni, da bi morala imeti EU podobno možnost, da bi sodelovala pri financiranju programov tretje stranke v regiji, v kolikor bi bilo mogoče zagotoviti popolno spoštovanje pravil o finančni pomoči EU tretjim državam; | 33. | Insists that whenever possible assistance by the EU in the Horn of Africa should not take the form of direct budgetary support, but should be granted in order to achieve specific targets on the basis of clear performance indicators; considers that when assistance has to take the form of budgetary support, this should be made conditional on the attainment of specific objectives; believes that programmes directed at supporting the EU Strategy for the Horn of Africa should be able to benefit from the blending of resources, i.e. that funding for such programmes should be open to other international donors on the basis of clear common standards, so as to facilitate a coordinated, uniform approach by all donors and minimum risk of conflicting approaches or duplication; considers that, similarly, the EU should be able to participate in the funding of third-party programmes in the region, provided full respect for the rules on EU financial assistance to third countries can be ensured; |
| 34. | poziva EU in države članice, naj še naprej zagotavljajo nevtralno, nepristransko in neodvisno humanitarno pomoč ranljivemu prebivalstvu ter podpirajo države regije pri krepitvi njihovih nacionalnih zmogljivosti s strategijami za zmanjševanje tveganja nesreč in programi dolgoročnega razvojnega sodelovanja na področjih pripravljenosti na sušo, kmetijstva, razvoja podeželja in zanesljive preskrbe s hrano; | 34. | Calls on the EU and its Member States to continue to provide neutral, impartial and independent humanitarian assistance to vulnerable populations, and to support the countries of the region in strengthening their national capacities through disaster risk reduction strategies and long-term development cooperation programmes in the areas of drought-preparedness, agriculture, rural development and food security; |
| 35. | čeprav vzrok za hudo pomanjkanje hrane na Afriškem rogu (kakor tudi v Sahelu) leži v ponavljajočih se sušah, slabih letinah in zvišanju cen, opozarja, da je treba upoštevati, da poleg teh kratkoročnih razlogov (četudi lahko sušo že štejemo med strukturne dejavnike) obstajajo še drugi, izjemno pomembni, kot sta razpadanje skupnosti in nebrzdano povečevanje izvoza kmetijskih pridelkov na škodo samooskrbe s hrano, kmetovanja za lastno porabo in prodaje na notranjih trgih; | 35. | Stresses that, while the food crisis in the Horn of Africa (as in the Sahel) is attributable to repeated droughts, crop failures and rising prices, other very significant factors, aside from these cyclical elements (although drought can today be considered to be structural), should also be taken into account, such as the breakdown of communities and the headlong rush to promote the export of agricultural products, to the detriment of food sovereignty and of agricultural production for domestic consumption and sale; |
| 36. | poudarja, da je spoštovanje človekovih pravic in temeljnih svoboščin neizogiben element, na katerem temelji sodelovanje Unije s partnerji iz tretjih držav; je zato globoko zaskrbljen zaradi poročil o samovoljnih aretacijah, slabem ravnanju z zaporniki in nasilju nad demonstranti, pa tudi o represivnih ukrepih proti politični opoziciji, vključno s cenzuro in samovoljnim pridržanjem novinarjev in aktivistov, do katerih prihaja po celotni regiji; poziva vse organe v Afriškem rogu, naj spoštujejo ta temeljna načela in brezpogojno izpustijo vse politične zapornike; | 36. | Stresses that respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms constitutes an invariable element of the foundations of the Union’s engagement with third-country partners; is therefore deeply concerned at the reports of arbitrary arrests, mistreatment of prisoners and violence against demonstrators, as well as repressive measures against political opposition including censorship and the arbitrary detention of journalists and activists that have occurred across the region; calls on all authorities in the Horn to respect these fundamental principles and release all political prisoners unconditionally; |
| 37. | izraža globoko zaskrbljenost zaradi prisvajanja zemljišč v Afriki, ki lahko ogrozi lokalno zanesljivost preskrbe s hrano in poveča lakoto; poziva vlade držav Afriškega roga in EU, naj ocenijo, kako sedanje prisvajanje kmetijskih zemljišč vpliva na revščino in sedanjo krizo v zvezi z lakoto na podeželju; poziva Komisijo, naj vprašanje prisvajanja zemljišč vključi v svoj politični dialog z državami v razvoju, da se zagotovi usklajenost politik; | 37. | Expresses its deep concern over the ‘land grab’ in Africa, which risks undermining local food security and increases famine; calls on the Horn of Africa governments and the EU to assess the current impact of farmland acquisition on rural poverty and the present famine crisis; urges the Commission to integrate the ‘land grab’ issue into its policy dialogue with developing countries, with a view to implementing policy coherence; |
| 38. | je zaskrbljen zaradi očitkov o tem, da naj bi podjetja iz EU in kriminalne mreže nezakonito odlagale odpadke; opozarja, da je nezakonito odlaganje odpadkov zelo nevarno za ob obali živeče Somalce; poziva visoko predstavnico/podpredsednico in Komisijo, naj pri neodvisnem organu čim prej naročita popolno preiskavo, vključno z zbiranjem dokazov in vzorcev, ter, glede na rezultate raziskave, preučita možnosti pravnega ukrepanja evropskih podjetij, držav članic in EU, vključno z odškodninskimi zahtevki; | 38. | Is concerned at the allegations of illegal waste dumping by EU companies and criminal networks; recalls that illegal waste dumping is of major concern to Somalis living along the coastline; calls on the HR/VP and the Commission to commission, as a matter of urgency, a full investigation by an independent body, including the collection of evidence and samples and, depending on the outcome of the research, to consider the possibility of legal action, including compensation claims, on the part of European companies, EU Member States and the EU; |
| 39. | priznava, da sta ohranjanje neodvisne in nepristranske humanitarne pomoči prebivalstvu, prizadetemu v konfliktih v Afriškem rogu, in nadaljevanje ustreznega financiranja bistvenega pomena; poudarja, da lahko ob vsakršnem zmanjšanju pomoči somalijsko ljudstvo ponovno zdrsne v humanitarno krizo; poudarja, da se je treba ob humanitarni pomoči opirati tudi na prizadevanja, kot je pobuda SHARE (Supporting the Horn of Africa's Resilience) EU, da se zagotovi odpornost in izboljša kakovost življenja lokalnih prebivalcev; | 39. | Recognises that it is vital that independent and impartial humanitarian assistance is maintained for all conflict-affected populations in the Horn of Africa and that adequate funding is continued, particularly for Somalia; stresses that any reduction in assistance could see the Somali people slide back into humanitarian crisis; stresses the need, in addition to humanitarian assistance, to build on efforts such as the EU’s Supporting the Horn of Africa’s Resilience (SHARE) initiative, in order to ensure resilience and improve the livelihoods of local people; |
| 40. | poudarja, da so se v regiji dolgo zanemarjale zlasti človekove pravice žensk, otrok, lezbijk, gejev, biseksualcev in transseksualcev ter verskih manjšin, opaža pa tudi, da se je v nekaterih delih Afriškega roga razširil sektaški islamizem, ki ogroža svobodo manjšin; | 40. | Stresses that human rights, especially the rights of women, children, LGBT people and religious minorities, have long been neglected in the region, and notes that sectarian Islamism has spread in parts of the Horn of Africa and is threatening minority freedoms; |
| 41. | poudarja pomen evropske podpore za civilno družbo; poziva Komisijo in države članice, naj zagotovijo usklajeno podporo civilni družbi, tako v posameznih državah kot na čezmejni in regionalni ravni; | 41. | Underlines the importance of European support for civil society; calls on the Commission and the Member States to ensure coordinated support for civil society both within individual countries and at crossborder and regional level; |
| 42. | poudarja pomen zagotavljanja stalne pomoči Južnemu Sudanu, da bi vzpostavili in ohranili učinkovito civilno družbo; je trdno prepričan, da bi moral novi instrument za spodbujanje demokracije in človekovih pravic vsebovati načine priložnostnega financiranja za Afriški rog; meni, da bi bilo treba razmisliti o razširitvi dotacije za demokracijo na države Afriškega roga; | 42. | Stresses the importance of providing continuous assistance to South Sudan for the purposes of creating and sustaining an effective civil society; strongly believes that the new instrument for the promotion of democracy and human rights should include ad hoc financing lines for the Horn of Africa; believes that consideration should be given to extending the Endowment for Democracy to countries in the Horn of Africa; |
| Sudan in Južni Sudan | Sudan and South Sudan |
| 43. | pozdravlja dosežena sporazuma med Sudanom in Južnim Sudanom na področju ponovne vzpostavitve izvoza nafte in demilitarizacije meje ter obe državi poziva k njunemu spoštovanju; poziva obe državi, naj prenehata nuditi zavetišče ali podporo skupinam upornikov proti drugi državi; poziva k nadaljnjim pogajanjem o določitvi meja med državama, da se preprečijo nadaljnji izbruhi konfliktov, ki bi ogrozili pred kratkim sklenjen sporazum, in priporoča, da voditelja nadaljujeta s pogovori in čim prej dosežeta sporazum glede statusa pokrajine Abyei in drugih spornih območij v skladu z Načrtom Afriške unije in resolucijo Varnostnega sveta ZN 2046; čestita skupini na visoki ravni nekdanjega predsednika Mbekija, ki jo je delno financirala EU, za uspeh, ki ga je s podporo Afriške unije dosegla pri prizadevanju za pogajanja in posredovanje med Sudanom in Južnim Sudanom; poziva posebno predstavnico EU za Sudan in Južni Sudan, naj se uskladi z vodjo delegacij v Sudanu in Južnem Sudanu, s čimer bi zagotovili, da bodo sodelovanje, politična prizadevanja in pomoč EU ohranili visoko stopnjo prepoznavnosti; | 43. | Welcomes the agreements reached between Sudan and South Sudan on resuming oil exports and border demilitarisation, and calls on both countries to respect them; calls on each of the two countries to cease harbouring or supporting rebel groups from the other; urges further negotiations on the delimitation of the borders between the two countries, in order to avoid further outbreaks of conflict which would jeopardise the recent agreement, and recommends that both leaders continue talks in order to reach agreement on the status of Abyei and other disputed areas, in line with the AU Roadmap and UN Security Council Resolution 2046 and as soon as possible; congratulates ex-President Mbeki’s High Level Panel, which was part-financed by the EU, on the successes it has achieved, with AU support, in negotiating and mediating between Sudan and South Sudan; calls on the EUSR for Sudan and South Sudan to coordinate with the heads of delegation in Sudan and South Sudan so as to ensure that the EU’s engagement, political efforts and assistance maintain a very high degree of visibility; |
| 44. | pozdravlja memorandume o soglasju, ki sta jih sudanska vlada in SPLM (Sever) ločeno sklenila z OZN, Afriško unijo in Ligo arabskih držav, da bi omogočili dostavo humanitarne pomoči civilnemu prebivalstvu v državah Modri Nil in Južni Kordofan; | 44. | Welcomes the memorandums of understanding concluded separately between the Sudanese Government and the Sudan People’s Liberation Movement North (SPLM-N), together with the UN, the African Union and the Arab League, with a view to allowing humanitarian aid to get through to civilians in the states of Blue Nile and South Kordofan; |
| 45. | je zaskrbljen zaradi pojava nasilja v državi Jonglei v Južnem Sudanu, ki ogroža napredek, dosežen pri ponovnem vzpostavljanju miru in varnosti v regiji; podpira preiskavo, ki jo je zahteval UNMISS, in zahteva, da se storilce kaznuje; poziva vlado Južnega Sudana, naj: | (i) | sprejme potrebne ukrepe za okrepitev svojega mednarodnega in nacionalnega okvira človekovih pravic, vključno s potrditvijo svojih obveznosti iz mednarodnih pogodb o človekovih pravicah, katerih pogodbenik je bil Sudan v času razglasitve neodvisnosti Južnega Sudana, in umikom pridržkov k slednjim ter pristopom, brez zadržkov, k drugim ključnim mednarodnim pogodbam o človekovih pravicah; | (ii) | nemudoma zapriseže člane odbora za preiskavo krize države Jonglei ter jim priskrbi potrebna sredstva za izvedbo neodvisne, popolne in nepristranske preiskave; | (iii) | nemudoma razglasi uradni moratorij na izvrševanje smrtne kazni s ciljem njene ukinitve in vse smrtne kazni zniža na zaporne kazni; | poudarja pomen stalne pomoči EU Južnemu Sudanu, da se zagotovi krepitev zmogljivosti javne uprave in organov kazenskega pregona te države, oblikuje in podpira učinkovita civilna družba ter spodbuja dobro upravljanje; poziva EU, naj si prizadeva za to, da bi Južni Sudan ratificiral najpomembnejše mednarodne pogodbe o človekovih pravicah, ter pomaga organom te države pri njihovem izvajanju; obsoja prijavljene zlorabe civilistov s strani vojaških sil pri procesu demilitarizacije in poziva vlado Južnega Sudana, naj izvede neodvisno preiskavo dogodkov, da bodo vpleteni vojaki odgovarjali za svoja dejanja, žrtve pa prejele odškodnino; | 45. | Is concerned at the resurgence of violence in Jonglei state in South Sudan, which is jeopardising the progress made on re-establishing peace and security in the region; supports the investigation requested by UNMISS, and calls for those responsible for the violence to be punished; calls on the Government of South Sudan to: | (i) | take the necessary steps to strengthen its international and national human rights framework, including by reconfirming its obligations under the international human rights treaties to which Sudan was party at the time of South Sudan’s independence, while withdrawing any reservations to them, and becoming party, without reservations, to other key international human rights treaties; | (ii) | immediately swear in members of the Investigation Committee into the Jonglei State Crisis and provide them with the necessary resources to carry out an independent, full and impartial investigation; | (iii) | immediately impose an official moratorium on executions with a view to abolishing the death penalty, and commute all death sentences to imprisonment; | stresses the importance of the EU’s continuous assistance to South Sudan with a view to providing capacity-building for the country’s public administration and law enforcement authorities, creating and sustaining an effective civil society and promoting good governance; urges the EU to press for the ratification of key international human rights treaties by South Sudan and assist the country’s authorities in their implementation; condemns the reported abuses against civilians by the military forces in the demilitarisation process, and calls on the South Sudanese Government to conduct an independent investigation into the events in order to hold the soldiers involved accountable and ensure reparations for the victims; |
| 46. | strogo obsoja vsakršno nasilje proti civilistom v Sudanu, ki krši mednarodno humanitarno pravo in pravo človekovih pravic; poziva EU in mednarodno skupnost, naj se dogovorita o enotnem pristopu k obravnavanju zaščite civilistov in odpravi kršenja človekovih pravic, zlasti v Darfurju, Južnem Kurdufanu in Modrem Nilu; poziva sudansko vlado in Sudansko ljudsko osvobodilno gibanje (SPLM)/Sever, naj nemudoma začneta neposredne pogovore, da bi se dogovorila o popolnem prenehanju sovražnosti ter dosegla politični dogovor na podlagi okvirnega sporazuma z dne 28. junija 2011, kot določa resolucija Varnostnega sveta ZN št. 2046; poudarja pomen ohranjanja mednarodnih akterjev na konfliktnih območjih in poziva sudanske oblasti k zagotavljanju njihove varnosti in varnosti civilistov; opozarja na odgovornost EU in držav članic, ko gre za okrepljeno podporo in sodelovanje z Mednarodnim kazenskim sodiščem pri izvrševanju nalogov za prijetje, izdanih za Ahmeda Mohameda Haruna, Alija Mohameda Ali Abdelrahmana, Abdela Rahima Mohameda Huseina in predsednika Omarja Hasana Ahmeda Al Baširja; | 46. | Strongly condemns all acts of violence committed against civilians in violation of international humanitarian law and human rights law in Sudan; urges the EU and the international community to agree on an unified approach to addressing the protection of civilians and ending human rights violations, particularly in Darfur, Southern Kordofan and Blue Nile; calls on the Government of Sudan and the SPLM/North to enter immediately into direct talks with a view to agreeing on a complete cessation of hostilities and reaching a political settlement on the basis of the 28 June 2011 Framework Agreement, as stipulated in UN Security Council Resolution 2046; stresses the importance of keeping international actors in the conflict zones, and urges the Sudanese authorities to ensure their safety, along with that of civilians; recalls the EU’s and Member States’ responsibilities concerning enhanced support for and cooperation with the International Criminal Court in implementing the arrest warrants taken out against Ahmad Muhammad Harun, Ali Muhammad Ali Abd-Al-Rahman, Abdel Rahim Mohammed Hussein and President Omar Hassan Ahmad Al Bashir; |
| 47. | je zaskrbljen zaradi poslabšanja zdravstvenih razmer sudanskih beguncev, katerih število je ocenjeno na 170 000, od tega jih je polovica otrok, v štirih taboriščih v državi Zgornji Nil in taborišču v državi Unity, kjer skokovito narašča tveganje za okužbe, drisko in malarijo, ki se še poslabšuje zaradi podhranjenosti; | 47. | Is concerned at the deteriorating health situation of the estimated 170 000 Sudanese refugees, more than half of whom are children, in the four camps in Upper Nile state and the camp in Unity state, where the risks of infection, diarrhoea and malaria are sharply increasing, with malnutrition as an aggravating factor; |
| 48. | obsoja vsakršno podporo, ki bi jo Sudan in Južni Sudan namenila kateri koli oboroženi skupini, ki ne bi bila njuna redna vojska; | 48. | Condemns any support provided by either Sudan or South Sudan to any armed group other than their respective regular armed forces; |
| Somalija | Somalia |
| 49. | je seznanjen z izidom predsedniških volitev v Somaliji, ki so potekale dne 20. avgusta 2012; poziva vse politične akterje v Somaliji, naj se zavežejo demokraciji, pravni državi in spoštovanju človekovih pravic kot edinemu izhodu iz začaranega kroga revščine, nerazvitosti in negotovosti; poudarja, da je konec mandata prehodne zvezne vlade izjemno pomemben preizkus potenciala Somalije za prehod v delujočo državo in njene sposobnosti vzpostavitve močnih, demokratičnih in resnično reprezentativnih institucij; meni, da bo v Somaliji bistveno spodbujati vključujoč politični dialog in procese doseganja soglasja v podporo novi vladi; poziva novo zvezno vlado in novega predsednika Hasana Šejka Mohamuda, naj si prizadevata za spravo somalijskega ljudstva, pri tem pa se opirata na sporazum iz mesta Garowe, da se vzpostavi nova zvezna država in začne dolg, a pomemben proces zagotavljanja miru, varnosti in demokracije za vse Somalce; | 49. | Takes note of the outcome of the 20 August 2012 presidential elections in Somalia; urges all political actors in Somalia to commit to democracy, the rule of law and human rights, as the only way out of the vicious cycle of poverty, underdevelopment and insecurity; stresses that the end of the TFG’s mandate is a key test of the potential of Somalia to move towards a functioning state and of its capacity to rebuild strong, democratic and truly representative institutions; believes it will be crucial to facilitate an inclusive political dialogue in Somalia and promote consensus-building processes to support the new government; calls on the new Federal Government and the new President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud to work towards reconciliation among the Somali people by building on the Garowe Agreement, in order to establish the new federal state and begin the long but important process of delivering peace, security and democracy for all Somalis; |
| 50. | pozdravlja tudi nedavno zaprisego prvega formalnega parlamenta Somalije po več kot 20 letih in izraža upanje, da bo to prvi korak pri prehodu v bolj reprezentativno parlamentarno demokracijo; je seznanjen z dejstvom, da je 30-odstotna kvota poslank v parlamentu skoraj dosežena, in spominja, da je za uspeh prizadevanj za reševanje sporov in vzpostavitev miru treba zagotoviti pomembno udeležbo žensk v vseh sektorjih javnega življenja; | 50. | Welcomes the recent swearing-in of the first formal parliament of Somalia in over 20 years, and hopes this will mark the first step in a transition towards a more representative parliamentary democracy; notes the fact that the 30 % quota for female members of parliament has almost been met, recalling that the meaningful participation of women across all sectors of public life is important for successful efforts of conflict resolution and peace-building; |
| 51. | pozdravlja konec tranzicije v Somaliji kot priložnost za obnovo; pozdravlja delo podpisnic časovnega načrta, tradicionalnih starešin, nacionalne ustavodajne skupščine, novega zveznega parlamenta in tehnične izbirne komisije ter njihovo vlogo pri zaključku prehodnega obdobja v Somaliji; pozdravlja zavezanost odhajajočega predsednika, da podpira predsednika Hasana Šejka Mohamuda in z njim sodeluje; poziva vse politične akterje v Somaliji, naj sodelujejo z novimi oblastmi; pozdravlja vizijo predsednika Hasana Šejka za Somalijo in njegovo namero, da se zagotovijo oblikovanje vključujočih in široko osnovanih institucij upravljanja, stabilizacija, pravna država in dobro upravljanje, oživitev gospodarstva, vzpostavitev miru in sprava, opravljanje javnih storitev ter izboljšani odnosi med Somalijo in ostalim svetom; poziva ga, naj spoštuje svojo zavezo k preglednemu in odgovornemu upravljanju, boju proti korupciji na vseh ravneh ter k zagotavljanju vključujočega dialoga in vzpostavitvi reprezentativnih in odgovornih institucij na nacionalni, regionalni, okrožni in lokalni ravni v skladu z začasno ustavo za Somalijo; | 51. | Welcomes the end of the transition in Somalia as an opportunity for renewal; salutes the work of the roadmap signatories, the traditional elders, the National Constituent Assembly, the new Federal Parliament and the Technical Selection Committee, for their roles in ending the transition period in Somalia; welcomes the commitment of the outgoing President to support and work with President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud; urges all political actors in Somalia to cooperate with the new authorities; welcomes President Hassan Sheikh’s vision for Somalia and his intention to ensure the formation of inclusive, broad-based governing institutions, stabilisation, the rule of law and good governance, economic recovery, peace-building and reconciliation, public service delivery, and improved relations between Somalia and the rest of the world; urges him to respect his commitment to transparent and accountable governance, to fighting corruption at all levels, and to ensuring inclusive dialogue and setting up representative and accountable institutions at national, regional, district and local levels, in accordance with the Provisional Constitution of Somalia; |
| 52. | poziva visoko predstavnico/podpredsednico Komisije in posebnega predstavnika Evropske unije za Afriški rog, naj kritično pregledata mirovni proces iz Džibutija ter pretehtata možnost napotitve skupine mediatorjev, katere članom zaupa široka paleta somalijskih zainteresiranih strani, vključno z združenji žensk, ter imajo možnost, da bi za pogajalsko mizo zbrali številne somalijske akterje; poziva visoko predstavnico/podpredsednico, naj začne proces, ki bi akterjem somalijske civilne družbe v državi in zunaj nje omogočal redne in neprekinjene razprave o možnih rešitvah za politične težave v Somaliji; poziva visoko predstavnico/podpredsednico Komisije, naj ta dva procesa zbliža po vzoru uspešnega mirovnega procesa v Sudanu v letih 2000–2005; | 52. | Calls on the HR/VP and the EUSR for the Horn of Africa to critically review the Djibouti Peace Process and to consider deploying a team of mediators whose members are trusted by a large spectrum of Somali actors, including women’s associations and have the capacity to bring a wide range of Somali actors to the negotiation table; calls on the HR/VP to initiate a process for Somali civil society actors within and outside the country which would allow for the regular and continued discussion of possible solutions to the political problems in the country; calls on the HR/VP to bring these two processes together, taking as an example the successful peace process of 2000-2005 in Sudan; |
| 53. | pozdravlja nedavno mirovno pobudo somalijske vlade, ki ponuja civilna delovna mesta in usposabljanje za prebegle upornike Al Šababa; pozdravlja nedavna prizadevanja za ambiciozno ustavo, ki zagotavlja enake pravice za „vse državljane ne glede na spol, veroizpoved, družbeni ali ekonomski status, politično prepričanje, klan, invalidnost, poklic, rojstvo ali narečje“, prepoveduje pohabljanje ženskih spolnih organov in ustanavlja komisijo za resnico in spravo; kljub temu izraža zaskrbljenost, ker nova ustava v državi, ki so jo desetletja pestili medplemenski spori, ne obravnava vprašanja delitve pooblastil in sredstev med centrom in regijami, ter zahteva, da se ta vprašanja obravnavajo v tesnejšem sodelovanju z novimi oblastmi; | 53. | Welcomes the recent peace initiative of the Somali government offering civilian jobs and training for defecting Al Shabaab rebels; welcomes the recent endorsement of an ambitious constitution which promises equal rights for ‘all citizens, regardless of sex, religion, social or economic status, political opinion, clan, disability, occupation, birth or dialect’, outlaws female genital mutilation, and establishes a Truth and Reconciliation Commission; is concerned, however, that in a country plagued by decades of internecine feuds the new constitution does not address the issue of the division of power and resources between the centre and the regions', and calls for closer cooperation with the new authorities in order to address these issues; |
| 54. | poziva somalijske oblasti, naj nujno dajo prednost krepitvi institucij ter vzpostavitvi odgovorne, pregledne in povezovalne policije, saj bi tako prebivalstvo pridobilo zaupanje v novo vlado; v zvezi s tem pozdravlja dragocen prispevek misije EU za vojaško usposabljanje (EUTM) v Somaliji k varnostnim silam te države; zaupa, da bodo države članice nenehno podpirale delo misije skupne varnostne in obrambne politike, ki si prizadeva za vcepitev spoštovanja človekovih pravic, dinamike spolov in pravne države v somalijsko vojsko; ugotavlja, da mora razvoj stabilnih, odgovornih in vključujočih somalijskih institucij presegati varnostne sile in da ga mora voditi in zagotavljati Somalija sama, če naj postane uspešno delujoča država; | 54. | Calls on the Somali authorities to give priority to institution-building and to establishing, as a matter of urgency, an accountable, transparent and integrative police force, since this will consolidate trust of the population in the new government; commends, in this regard, the valuable contribution that EUTM Somalia is making to the country’s security forces; trusts in Member States’ ongoing support for the work of the CSDP mission, which is striving to instil awareness of respect for human rights, gender dynamics and the rule of law in the Somali military; notes that the development of stable, accountable and inclusive Somali institutions has to go beyond the security forces and be Somali-led and owned if Somalia is to become a viable state; |
| 55. | poudarja, da bodo uspešne in vključujoče gospodarske strukture ter sistem delitve prihodkov prihodnjega črpanja nafte in plina med regijami in zvezno ravnjo, ki bi koristil celotnemu prebivalstvu, bistvenega pomena za dolgoročni obstoj Somalije kot dobro delujoče zvezne države; poziva mednarodno skupnost, naj ne ponavlja napak iz preteklosti in ne osredotoča pomoči na zvezne institucije v Mogadišu na račun somalijskih regij, saj imajo lahko slednje ključno vlogo pri decentraliziranem zagotavljanju osnovnih storitev in stabilnosti prebivalstvu; poziva EU, naj v tem obdobju priložnosti mobilizira vsa sredstva, da bi pri tem izjemno pomembnem procesu prehoda v demokracijo zagotovila pomoč regionalnim enotam v Somaliji; zaradi najnovejših političnih in varnostnih dogodkov v Somaliji poziva države članice in visoko predstavnico/podpredsednico, naj v tesnem sodelovanju z zakonitimi somalijskimi oblastmi, Afriško unijo, Medvladnim organom za razvoj (IGAD) in vlado ZDA, razmisli o misiji v podporo reformi varnostnega sektorja, ko bodo razmere na mestu samem to dopuščale; | 55. | Stresses that viable and inclusive economic structures and a system of revenue-sharing for future oil and gas exploitation between the regions and the federal level, for the benefit of the whole population, will be essential for the long-term sustainability of Somalia as a functioning federal state; urges the international community not to repeat the mistakes made in the past in concentrating assistance on the federal institutions in Mogadishu at the expense of Somalia’s regions, given that the latter can play a crucial role in the decentralised delivery of basic services and stability to the population; calls on the EU to mobilise all resources during the present ‘window of opportunity’, in order to assist regional entities in Somalia in this vital process of democratic transition; given the latest political and security developments in Somalia, encourages the Member States and the HR/VP, in close cooperation with the legitimate Somali authorities, the African Union and IGAD, as well as the US government, to consider a Security Sector Reform (SSR) mission once the situation on the ground permits; |
| 56. | priznava, da mora postopek vzpostavljanja miru v Somaliji potekati od spodaj navzgor; poudarja, da mora EU zagotoviti, da bo njena strategija lokalnim prizadevanjem za vzpostavljanje miru in reševanje sporov omogočala zadostno podporo ter status nacionalne in regionalne prednostne naloge; opozarja tudi, da bo lokalna legitimnost pripomogla k nastajanju institucij upravljanja v Somaliji, ki bodo zagotovile dolgotrajne možnosti za stabilnost; | 56. | Recognises that peace in Somalia must be a bottom-up process; stresses that the EU must ensure that its strategy allows for local efforts to build peace and resolve disputes to be sufficiently supported and made a national and regional priority; also recalls that local legitimacy will help the emergence of governing institutions in Somalia that offer long- term prospects for stability; |
| 57. | opozarja, da je Afriška unija napotila vojaško misijo v Somaliji AMISOM, ki je dobila mandat Varnostnega sveta ZN in brezupno išče druge države, ki bi bile pripravljene prispevati vojake; | 57. | Recalls that the African Union has deployed AMISOM, a military mission to Somalia, which has been mandated by the UN Security Council and which is desperately seeking to enlist more countries as troop contributors; |
| 58. | poudarja, da mora EU v tesnem sodelovanju z ZDA in Afriško unijo prevzeti osrednjo vlogo za prihodnost Somalije; | 58. | Stresses the need for the EU to play, in close cooperation with the US and the African Union, a key role in the future of Somalia; |
| 59. | odločno poziva mednarodno skupnost, naj v sodelovanju z Mednarodnim odborom Rdečega križa in Rdečim polmesecem v Somaliji čim prej vzpostavi in razvije zdravstvene ustanove ter dnevne centre za zdravstveno oskrbo in umetno hranjenje; | 59. | Urges the international community, in cooperation with the ICRC and the Red Crescent, to implement and develop in Somalia, as soon as possible, health facilities, healthcare centres and therapeutic nutrition centres for outpatients; |
| 60. | pozdravlja ustanovitev Sklada za lokalno stabilnost, katerega cilj je predvsem usklajevanje mednarodne pomoči na novo osvobojenih in dostopnih ozemljih na jugu Somalije; | 60. | Welcomes the establishment of a Local Stability Fund, which aims in particular to coordinate international aid in the newly liberated and accessible areas in the south of Somalia; |
| 61. | globoko obžaluje, da je bilo samo od decembra 2011 na območjih Somalije, ki so pod državnim nadzorom, ubitih 13 novinarjev in medijskih delavcev in da pri kazenskem pregonu v teh primerih ni bil dosežen napredek; poudarja pomen zagotavljanja svobode izražanja ter poziva novo vlado in predsednika, naj sprejmeta ukrepe za zagotovitev boljše zaščite novinarjem in izvedeta verodostojne preiskave teh ubojev; | 61. | Deeply regrets that, since December 2011 alone, 13 journalists and media workers have been killed in government-controlled areas of Somalia and that no progress has been made in the prosecution of these cases; underlines the importance of securing freedom of expression, and urges the new Government and President to adopt measures to provide better protection for journalists and carry out credible investigations into these killings; |
| 62. | poziva EU ter vse regionalne in mednarodne partnerje, naj kar najbolj izkoristijo priložnost, ki jo ponuja nova somalijska vlada, ki skupaj z očitnim upadom delovanja Al Šababa v državi, ponuja možnost za začetek nove politične dobe v Somaliji; zato poudarja, da mora biti mednarodna skupnost in zlasti EU pripravljena zagotoviti podporo zakonitim in demokratičnim oblastem na področju krepitve institucionalne zmogljivosti, reforme varnostnega sektorja ter demilitarizacije, razoroževanja in ponovnega vključevanja ter zagotavljanja pomoči civilni družbi; poziva visoko predstavnico/podpredsednico, naj zagotovi, da delovanje EU v Somaliji spodbuja svobodno in odprto družbo, ki spoštuje in podpira človekove pravice, zlasti pravice žensk in manjšin, omogoča krepitev položaja žensk in zagotavlja ravnotežje spolov v vseh družbenih sektorjih; | 62. | Urges the EU and all regional and international partners to take the most of the opportunity created by the emergence of a new government in Somalia which, coupled with the apparent decline of the Al-Shaabab surge in the country, provides for potential to open a new political era in Somalia; stresses, therefore, the need for the international community, and especially the EU, to be ready to provide support to legitimate and democratic authorities in the field of institutional capacity building, SSR and DDR, and to support civil society; urges the HR/VP to make sure that EU action in Somalia fosters a free and open society that respects and upholds human rights, especially the rights of women and minorities, enables the empowering of women and ensures gender balance in all sectors of society; |
| 63. | poudarja izjemno pozitiven zgled Somalilanda, ki že več kot dvajset let dokazuje svojo sposobnost za razvoj in utrjevanje demokratičnih, gospodarskih in upravnih struktur ter ustvarjanje trajnostnega demokratičnega procesa; ugotavlja, da je bil Somaliland doslej zelo uspešen pri utrjevanju varnosti in stabilnosti na svojem ozemlju ter pri sodelovanju v boju proti piratstvu in terorizmu; vendar izraža zaskrbljenost, da bi Somaliland lahko postal ranljiv, če bi se v goratih mejnih območjih znova začele zbirati skupine Al Šababa; zato poudarja, da je treba Somaliland nujno podpreti v boju proti terorizmu, vključno z ukrepi, kot sta spodbujanje gospodarske raznolikosti in povečevanje možnosti za zaposlovanje mladih, da bi zmanjšali rekrutiranje med mladimi; poudarja, da mora Somaliland spodbujati gospodarski in družbeni razvoj regije kot način za preprečevanje radikalizacije območij nestabilnosti na njegovem ozemlju; poziva Komisijo in Evropsko službo za zunanje delovanje, naj podpreta Somaliland pri krepitvi njegovih razvojnih možnosti in spodbujanju njegove gospodarske in družbene stabilnosti; poudarja, da je pri iskanju rešitve za dolgoročno stabilnost in varnost Somalije pomembno ovrednotiti pozitiven zgled stabilnosti v Somalilandu; | 63. | Underlines the very positive example of Somaliland, which has demonstrated its capacity to develop and consolidate its democratic, economic and administrative structures over more than twenty years and create a sustainable democratic process; notes that Somaliland has so far been very successful in consolidating security and stability on its territory and in cooperating in the fight against piracy and terrorism; expresses concern, however, that should Al-Shabaab regroup in its mountainous border regions, Somaliland may become vulnerable; stresses, therefore, that it is essential to support Somaliland in the fight against terrorism, including such measures as promoting economic diversification and building capacity for youth employment in order to curtail recruitment amongst the young; points out the importance for Somaliland of promoting economic and social development in the region as a way to counter the radicalisation of areas of instability on its territory; calls on the Commission and the EEAS to support Somaliland in enhancing its development prospects and promoting its economic and social stability; stresses that in the quest for a solution for the long-term stability and security of Somalia it is important to evaluate the positive example of Somaliland’s stability; |
| 64. | pozdravlja odločno izjavo podpore visoke predstavnice/podpredsednice novim zveznim institucijam Somalije na mini vrhunskem zasedanju Generalne skupščine ZN o Somaliji v New Yorku in zlasti njeno zavezo štiriletnemu procesu utrjevanja novih zveznih institucij in regionalne uprave ter organizaciji mednarodne konference o Somaliji v letu 2013; poziva Somaliland in druge zvezne subjekte, naj odigrajo polno in podporno vlogo pri pogajanju o njihovem pravnem in političnem odnosu z novimi zveznimi institucijami v Somaliji, da se doseže trajna, stabilna in uspešna somalijska zvezna država; | 64. | Welcomes the strong statement of support for the new federal institutions of Somalia made by the HR/VP at the UN General Assembly Mini-Summit on Somalia held in New York and, in particular, her commitment to a four-year process of consolidation of the new federal institutions and regional administrations, as well as to an international conference on Somalia in 2013; calls on Somaliland and the other federal entities to play a full and supportive role in negotiating their legal and political relationship with the new federal institutions in Somalia, with a view to achieving a sustainable, stable and prosperous Somali federal state; |
| Etiopija in Eritreja | Ethiopia and Eritrea |
| 65. | poudarja, da ima Etiopija ključno vlogo pri politični in gospodarski stabilnosti celotne regije; ugotavlja, da je Hailemariam Desalegn, novi etiopski predsednik vlade, v svojem pozdravnem nagovoru poudaril pomen krepitve spoštovanja človekovih pravic in demokratičnih institucij v državi, da se pripomore k razvoju demokratične kulture in popolnega spoštovanja človekovih pravic v državi; meni, da nova etiopska vlada ponuja priložnost za vključitev Etiopije v vsa vprašanja skupnega interesa ali pomena, vključno s tistimi, kjer so se v preteklosti mnenja morda razhajala, in poudarja pomen podpiranja Etiopije na njeni poti k novemu demokratičnemu sistemu s pozitivnim dialogom in partnerstvom; podpira Etiopijo v njenem boju proti terorizmu, vendar poudarja, da bi moral takšen boj potekati v skladu s popolnim spoštovanjem temeljnih pravic; | 65. | Points out the key role of Ethiopia for the political and economic stability of the entire region; notes that in his inaugural speech, Hailemariam Desalegn, the new Prime Minister of Ethiopia, stressed the importance of strengthening human rights and democratic institutions in the country, in order to help develop a democratic culture and full respect for human rights in the country; believes that the emergence of a new Ethiopian government provides the opportunity to engage Ethiopia on all issues of common interest or concern, including those where there may have been a divergence of opinions in the past, and stresses the importance of supporting Ethiopia in its path to a new democratic system, through positive dialogue and partnership; supports Ethiopia in its fight against terrorism, but stresses that this fight should be pursued in a framework of full respect for fundamental rights; |
| 66. | upa, da se bo Etiopija pod vodstvom predsednika vlade Hailemariama Desalegna, imenovanega 21. septembra 2012, lotila procesa pravega demokratičnega prehoda, da bi začela izkoriščati svoj velik demokratični potencial ter končala težave z versko svobodo in svoboščinami civilne družbe; poziva Evropsko službo za zunanje delovanje, posebnega predstavnika EU za Afriški rog in posebnega predstavnika EU za človekove pravice, naj z Etiopijo nujno obravnavajo področje človekovih pravic, tako da bo lahko ta izkoristila priložnost, ki jo ponuja politični prehod, ki poteka, ter izpeljala dejansko demokratičen prehod, v središču katerega bodo človekove pravice in temeljne svoboščine, svoboda medije ter popolno priznavanje svobode izražanja; poziva EU in mednarodno skupnost, naj ostaneta previdni in aktivni pri odzivih na politični prehod, ki poteka v Etiopiji, spodbujata krepitev demokratičnih institucij ter vežeta politično, vojaško in razvojno pomoč na konkretne demokratične reforme, ki morajo vključevati izpustitev vseh zapornikov vesti, kot so Eskinder Nega ter drugi novinarji, zagovorniki človekovih pravic, razvojni aktivisti in člani opozicije, sprejem posebnih poročevalcev ZN za človekove pravice z neomejenim dostopom do vseh regij in objektov za pridržanje, razveljavitev ali spremembo zakona o razglasitvi dobrodelnih ustanov in družb in zakona o razglasitvi boja proti terorizmu ter vrnitev opozicijskih politikov v izgnanstvu; poziva EU, naj poišče inovativne in varne načine za finančno in politično podpiranje v težkih razmerah živeče civilne družbe v Etiopiji ter vzpostavi tesen dialog z opozicijo, tako v Etiopiji kot v izgnanstvu; | 66. | Hopes that under the leadership of Prime Minister Hailemariam Desalegn, appointed on 21 September 2012, Ethiopia will engage in a process of genuine democratic transition in order to realise its strong democratic potential, putting an end to interference with religious freedom and civil society freedoms; calls on the European External Action Service, the EUSR for the Horn of Africa and the EUSR for Human Rights to engage with Ethiopia on human rights as a matter of priority so that it can seize the opportunity of the ongoing political transition to institute a truly democratic transition, built on the centrality of human rights and fundamental freedoms, freedom of the media and full recognition of freedom of expression; urges the EU and the international community to remain vigilant and active in response to the political transition under way in Ethiopia, to promote the strengthening of democratic institutions and to tie political, military and development assistance to concrete democratic reforms, which must include the release of all prisoners of conscience, such as Eskinder Nega and other journalists, human rights and development activists and opposition figures, the admission of the UN special rapporteurs on human rights on a basis of unhindered access to all regions and detention facilities, the repeal or amendment of the Charities and Societies Proclamation and the Anti-Terrorism Proclamation, and the return of opposition politicians in exile; calls on the EU to find innovative and secure ways to assist, financially and politically, the struggling civil society in Ethiopia and engage in close dialogue with the opposition, both in Ethiopia and in exile; |
| 67. | ugotavlja, da v Etiopiji trenutno ni niti neodvisne sodne oblasti niti neodvisnih sredstev obveščanja zaradi namerne strategije, oblikovane za omejevanje in oviranje sodnikov, obvladovanje medijev, zastraševanje opozicije in utišanje organizacij za varstvo človekovih pravic; | 67. | Notes that Ethiopia currently has neither an independent judiciary nor an independent media, as a result of a concerted campaign to undermine and obstruct the judges, control the media, intimidate the opposition and silence human rights organisations; |
| 68. | opozarja, da so številnim novinarjem sodili na podlagi protiterorističnega zakona iz leta 2009; obsoja nedavno akcijo sodnega pregona, v okviru katere je zvezno vrhovno sodišče avtorja spletnega dnevnika Eliasa Kifla v njegovi odsotnosti obsodilo na dosmrtno zaporno kazen, glavnega urednika lokalnega dnevnega časopisa Wubisheta Taya in kolumnista Reeyota Alemna pa vsakega na štirinajst let zapora; vendar pozdravlja dejstvo, da sta bila švedska novinarja Martin Schibbye in Johan Persson po smrti premierja Melesa Zenawija pred kratkim pomiloščena; poziva nove voditelje države, naj enaka merila uporabijo za vse, ki so bili obsojeni arbitrarno; | 68. | Points out that numerous journalists have been prosecuted under the anti-terrorism law of 2009; deplores the recent campaign of legal harassment that has culminated in the Federal Supreme Court sentencing blogger Elias Kifle in absentia to life imprisonment, and Wubishet Taye, deputy editor of a local newspaper, and columnist Reeyot Alemn, to 14 years in prison; welcomes, however, the pardon recently granted to the Swedish journalists Martin Schibbye and Johan Persson after the death of Prime Minister Meles Zenawi; urges the new government to extend the same clemency to all victims of arbitrary justice; |
| 69. | poudarja velik potencial projekta jezu Grand Renaissance na Modrem Nilu v etiopski regiji Benišangul-Gumuz za proizvodnjo čiste energije in gospodarski razvoj celotne regije; podpira mednarodno skupino strokovnjakov, ki so jo ustanovili Etiopija, Sudan in Egipt, pri tem projektu in zahteva boljše razumevanje skupne rabe vodnih virov iz Nila ter energije, ki jo proizvaja hidroelektrarna, priključena na jez; | 69. | Stresses the great potential of the Grand Renaissance Blue Nile Dam project in the Benishangul-Gumuz region in Ethiopia, for the production of clean energy and the economic development of the entire region; supports the international panel of experts established between Ethiopia, Sudan and Egypt for this project, and calls for a closer understanding for the sharing of water resources from the Nile and of the energy produced by the hydroelectric power plant linked to the dam; |
| 70. | poziva etiopsko vlado, naj uradno potrdi sklep o razmejitvi med Eritrejo in Etiopijo, ki ga je sprejela komisija za mejo, kot dokončnega in obvezujočega v skladu z resolucijama Varnostnega sveta Združenih narodov 1907 (2009) in 2023 (2011) ter z ustreznimi resolucijami Afriške unije in Medvladnega organa za razvoj (IGAD); zato poziva eritrejsko vlado, naj pristane na sodelovanje v dialogu z Etiopijo, kar bi pripeljalo do odpoklica vojske z meja, do fizične razmejitve v skladu s sklepi komisije za mejo, ob upoštevanju pomena ohranjanja povezanosti skupnosti, ter do normalizacije odnosov z Etiopijo, vključno s ponovnim odprtjem meje; poziva mednarodno skupnost, naj sodeluje z Eritrejo ter zagovarja interese in potrebe eritrejskega ljudstva, pri čemer naj režim in vojsko prisili, da dovolijo dostop mednarodnih organizacij, pripravijo dolgo obljubljene volitve in odprejo politični prostor v državi; poudarja, da mora biti vsaka pomoč EU, ki ni namenjena uresničevanju humanitarnih ciljev, strogo pogojena z zavezo eritrejskih oblasti, da bodo spodbujale prehod k demokraciji, izboljšanje stanja človekovih pravic v državi s preglednimi in oprijemljivimi merili ter izpolnjevanje osnovnih potreb eritrejskega ljudstva; poziva Eritrejo, naj preneha zagotavljati vsakršno pomoč oboroženim skupinam, ki ogrožajo mir in spravo v Somaliji ter regionalno stabilnost na splošno; poziva k svobodi govora, tiska in veroizpovedi ter k uvedbi svobodnih in poštenih volitev in demokracije v državi; poziva k takojšnji izpustitvi političnih zapornikov, vključno z zaprtim novinarjem Dawitom Isaacom, ki je brez sojenja v zaporu že več kot 4 000 dni; | 70. | Calls on the Government of Ethiopia to formally endorse the Boundary Commission’s delimitation decisions between Eritrea and Ethiopia as final and binding, in accordance with UNSC Resolutions 1907 (2009) and 2023 (2011), as well as with the relevant AU and IGAD resolutions; calls, therefore, on the Eritrean Government to agree to engage in dialogue with Ethiopia in order to address the process of disengagement of troops from the border and physical demarcation in accordance with the Boundary Commission’s decisions, bearing in mind the importance of keeping communities together, as well as the normalisation of relations with Ethiopia, including the reopening of the border; calls on the international community to engage with Eritrea and defend the interests and needs of the Eritrean people, while pressing the regime and the military to allow access to international organisations, prepare the long-promised elections and open up political space in the country; emphasises that all EU assistance which does not pursue humanitarian objectives should be made strictly conditional on a commitment by the Eritrean authorities to facilitate a democratic transition and the improvement of the human rights situation in the country, with transparent and tangible benchmarks, as well as of the basic needs of the Eritrean people; calls on Eritrea to desist from providing any support for armed groups which undermine peace and reconciliation in Somalia and, more generally, regional stability; calls for freedom of speech, the press and religion, as well as the introduction of free and fair elections and democracy in the country; calls for the immediate release of political prisoners, including the jailed journalist Dawit Isaac, who has been imprisoned without trial for over 4 000 days; |
| o | o |
| o o | o o |
| 71. | naroča svojemu predsedniku, naj to resolucijo posreduje Svetu in Komisiji, Evropski službi za zunanje delovanje in državam članicam, posebni predstavnici EU za Sudan, posebnemu predstavniku EU za Afriški rog, državam članicam EU, turški vladi, kongresu Združenih držav Amerike, zunanjemu ministrstvu Združenih držav Amerike, Komisiji Afriške unije, vseafriškemu parlamentu, vladam in parlamentom Medvladnega organa za razvoj (IGAD) in oblastem Somalilanda. | 71. | Instructs its President to forward this resolution to the Council and Commission, the EEAS and the Member States, the EU Special Representative for Sudan, the EU Special Representative for the Horn of Africa, the EU Member States, the Government of Turkey, the Congress of the United States, the State Department of the United States, the African Union Commission, the Pan-African Parliament, the Governments and Parliaments of the Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD), and the authorities of Somaliland. |
| (1) Sprejeta besedila, P7_TA(2012)0203. | (1) Texts adopted, P7_TA(2012)0203. |
| (2) UL C 46 E, 24.2.2010, str. 102. | (2) OJ C 46 E, 24.2.2010, p. 102. |
| (3) UL C 349 E, 22.12.2010, str. 51. | (3) OJ C 349 E, 22.12.2010, p. 51. |
| (4) UL C 377 E, 7.12.2012, str. 35. | (4) OJ C 377 E, 7.12.2012, p. 35. |
| (5) Sprejeta besedila, P7_TA(2012)0334. | (5) Texts adopted, P7_TA(2012)0334. |
