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Document 52008XC0621(02)
Communication from the Commission on the results of the risk evaluation and the risk reduction strategies for the substances: 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride (EPTAC), (3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl)trimethylammonium chloride (CHPTAC) and hexachlorocyclopentadiene (Text with EEA relevance)
Communication from the Commission on the results of the risk evaluation and the risk reduction strategies for the substances: 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride (EPTAC), (3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl)trimethylammonium chloride (CHPTAC) and hexachlorocyclopentadiene (Text with EEA relevance)
Communication from the Commission on the results of the risk evaluation and the risk reduction strategies for the substances: 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride (EPTAC), (3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl)trimethylammonium chloride (CHPTAC) and hexachlorocyclopentadiene (Text with EEA relevance)
SL C 157, 21.6.2008, p. 10–16
(BG, ES, CS, DA, DE, ET, EL, EN, FR, IT, LV, LT, HU, MT, NL, PL, PT, RO, SK, SL, FI, SV)
21.6.2008 |
EN |
Official Journal of the European Union |
C 157/10 |
Communication from the Commission on the results of the risk evaluation and the risk reduction strategies for the substances: 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride (EPTAC), (3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl)trimethylammonium chloride (CHPTAC) and hexachlorocyclopentadiene
(Text with EEA relevance)
(2008/C 157/02)
Council Regulation (EEC) No 793/93 of 23 March 1993 on the evaluation and control of the risks of existing substances (1) involves the data reporting, priority setting, risk evaluation and, where necessary, development of strategies for limiting the risks of existing substances.
In the framework of Regulation (EEC) No 793/93 the following substances have been identified as priority substances for evaluation in accordance with Commission Regulations (EC) No 143/97 (2) and (EC) 2364/2000 (3) respectively concerning the third and fourth list of priority substances as foreseen under Regulation (EEC) No 793/93:
— |
2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride (EPTAC), |
— |
(3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl)trimethylammonium chloride (CHPTAC), |
— |
hexachlorocyclopentadiene. |
The rapporteur Member States designated pursuant to those Regulations have completed the risk evaluation activities with regard to man and the environment for those substances in accordance with Commission Regulation (EC) No 1488/94 of 28 June 1994 laying down the principles for the assessment of risks to man and the environment of existing substances (4) and have suggested a strategy for limiting the risks in accordance with Regulation (EEC) No 793/93.
The Scientific Committee on Health and Environmental Risks (SCHER) has been consulted and has issued an opinion with respect to the risk evaluations carried out by the rapporteurs. These opinions can be found on the website of the Scientific Committee.
Article 11(2) of Regulation (EEC) No 793/93 stipulates that the results of the risk evaluation and the recommended strategy for limiting the risks shall be adopted at Community level and published by the Commission. This Communication, together with the corresponding Commission Recommendation 2008/472/EC (5), provides the results of risk evaluations (6) and strategies for limiting the risks for the above mentioned substances.
The results of the risk evaluation and strategies for limiting the risks provided for in this communication are in accordance with the opinion of the Committee set up pursuant to Article 15(1) of Regulation (EEC) No 793/93.
(2) OJ L 25, 28.1.1997, p. 13.
(3) OJ L 273, 26.10.2000, p. 1.
(4) OJ L 161, 29.6.1994, p. 3.
(6) The comprehensive Risk Assessment Report, as well as a summary thereof, can be found on the Internet site of the European Chemicals Bureau:
http://ecb.jrc.it/existing-substances/
ANNEX
PART 1
CAS No: 3033-77-0 |
|
Einecs No: 221-221-0 |
Structural formula: |
|
|
Einecs name: |
2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride |
|
IUPAC name: |
2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride |
|
Rapporteur: |
Finland |
|
Classification (1): |
None |
The risk assessment is based on current practices related to the life-cycle of the substance produced in or imported into the European Community as described in the risk assessment forwarded to the Commission by the Member State Rapporteur (2).
The risk assessment has, based on the available information, determined that in the European Community the substance is mainly used as a starch cationisation agent in the production of paper.
Other uses are in the quaternisation of guar (used in the manufacture of paper and paperboard for food products and as a flocculant in the mining industry), of cellulose derivatives (added in hair conditioning and emollient cosmetic creams) and of proteins.
RISK ASSESSMENT
A. Human health
The conclusion of the assessment of the risks to
WORKERS
1. |
is that there is a need for specific measures to limit the risks. This conclusion is reached because of:
|
2. |
is that there is a need for further information and/or testing. This conclusion is reached because:
|
The information requirements are a 2-generation fertility test and a developmental toxicity test.
However, since EPTAC is a genotoxic carcinogen, this property alone is sufficient to lead to the strictest measures for risk management in work places. Therefore, the further information requirements for EPTAC will not be requested.
The conclusion of the assessment of the risks to
CONSUMERS
is that there is at present no need for further information and/or testing or for risk reduction measures beyond those which are being applied. This conclusion is reached because:
— |
the risk assessment shows that exposure is negligible and thus risks are not expected. Risk reduction measures already being applied are considered sufficient. |
The conclusion of the assessment of the risks to
HUMANS EXPOSED VIA THE ENVIRONMENT
1. |
is that there is a need for specific measures to limit the risks. This conclusion is reached because of:
|
2. |
is that there is a need for further information and/or testing. This conclusion is reached because:
|
The information requirements are a 2-generation fertility test and a developmental toxicity test.
However, exposure is already very low and since EPTAC is a genotoxic carcinogen, this property alone is sufficient to lead to the strictest measures for risk management. Therefore the further information requirements for EPTAC will not be requested.
The conclusion of the assessment of the risks to
HUMAN HEALTH (physico-chemical properties)
is that there is at present no need for further information and/or testing or for risk reduction measures beyond those which are being applied. This conclusion is reached because:
— |
the risk assessment shows that risks are not expected. Risk reduction measures already being applied are considered sufficient. |
B. Environment
The conclusion of the assessment of the risks to the
ATMOSPHERE and TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEM
is that there is at present no need for further information and/or testing or for risk reduction measures beyond those which are being applied. This conclusion is reached because:
— |
the risk assessment shows that risks are not expected. Risk reduction measures already being applied are considered sufficient. |
The conclusion of the assessment of the risks to the
AQUATIC ECOSYSTEM (including marine environment)
is that there is a need for specific measures to limit the risks. The conclusion is reached because of:
— |
concerns for surface water and sediment as a consequence of exposure arising from cationisation of starch with wet process) at local scale for five sites. |
The conclusion of the assessment of the risks to
MICRO-ORGANISMS IN THE SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT
is that there is at present no need for further information and/or testing or for risk reduction measures beyond those which are being applied. This conclusion is reached because:
— |
the risk assessment shows that risks are not expected. Risk reduction measures already being applied are considered sufficient. |
STRATEGY FOR LIMITING RISKS
For WORKERS
The legislation for worker's protection currently in force at Community level, particularly Directive 2004/37/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council (3) (the Carcinogens and Mutagens Directive), is generally considered to give an adequate framework to limit the risks of the substance to the extent needed and shall apply.
for HUMANS EXPOSED VIA THE ENVIRONMENT
The risk reduction measures recommended to protect the environment are considered sufficient to protect humans via the environment.
PART 2
CAS No: 3327-22-8 |
|
Einecs No: 222-048-3 |
Structural formula: |
|
|
Einecs name: |
(3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl)trimethylammonium chloride |
|
IUPAC name: |
(3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl)trimethylammonium chloride |
|
Rapporteur: |
Finland |
|
Classification (4): |
None |
The risk assessment is based on current practices related to the life-cycle of the substance produced in or imported into the European Community as described in the risk assessment forwarded to the Commission by the Member State Rapporteur (2).
The risk assessment has, based on the available information determined that in the European Community the substance is mainly used as a starch cationisation agent in the production of paper.
Other uses are in the quaternisation of guar (used in the manufacture of paper and paperboard for food products and as a flocculant in the mining industry), of cellulose derivatives (added in hair conditioning and emollient cosmetic creams) and of proteins.
Other known applications of CHPTAC are as impregnation agents, as a raw material in the dye industry and in the synthesis of other chemicals, such as carnitine, which is used in nutraceuticals.
RISK ASSESSMENT
A. Human health
The conclusion of the assessment of the risks to
WORKERS
1. |
is that there is a need for specific measures to limit the risks. This conclusion is reached because of:
|
2. |
is that there is a need for further information. This conclusion is reached because:
|
It should be noted, however, that risk reduction measures are being taken already because of the potential exposure to epichlorohydrin in the manufacture of CHPTAC and epichlorohydrin is classified as category 2 carcinogen. Risk reduction measures should be applied also because intentional conversion of CHPTAC to EPTAC occurs in all use scenarios and for EPTAC there is a concern for carcinogenity which should lead to the strictest measures for risk management. In consideration of the stringent risk management measures required for the above mentioned reasons, the further information requirements for CHPTAC will not be requested.
The conclusion of the assessment of the risks to
CONSUMERS
is that there is at present no need for further information and/or testing or for risk reduction measures beyond those which are being applied. This conclusion is reached because:
— |
the risk assessment shows that exposure is negligible and thus risks are not expected. Risk reduction measures already being applied are considered sufficient. |
The conclusion of the assessment of the risks to
HUMANS EXPOSED VIA THE ENVIRONMENT
is that there is a need for further information and/or testing. This conclusion is reached because:
— |
there is a need for better information to adequately characterise the risks regarding the mutagenicity and reproductive toxicity of CHPTAC. |
However, since exposures are estimated to be very low the further information requirements for CHPTAC will not be requested.
The conclusion of the assessment of the risks to
HUMAN HEALTH (physico-chemical properties)
is that there is at present no need for further information and/or testing or for risk reduction measures beyond those which are being applied. This conclusion is reached because:
— |
the risk assessment shows that risks are not expected. Risk reduction measures already being applied are considered sufficient. |
B. Environment
The conclusion of the assessment of the risks to the
ATMOSPHERE and TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEM
is that there is at present no need for further information and/or testing or for risk reduction measures beyond those which are being applied. This conclusion is reached because:
— |
the risk assessment shows that risks are not expected. Risk reduction measures already being applied are considered sufficient. |
The conclusion of the assessment of the risks to the
AQUATIC ECOSYSTEM (including marine environment)
is that there is a need for specific measures to limit the risks. The conclusion is reached because of:
— |
concerns for surface water and sediment as a consequence of exposure arising from cationisation of starch with wet process at local scale for four sites. |
The conclusion of the assessment of the risks to
MICRO-ORGANISMS IN THE SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT
is that there is at present no need for further information and/or testing or for risk reduction measures beyond those which are being applied. This conclusion is reached because:
— |
the risk assessment shows that risks are not expected. Risk reduction measures already being applied are considered sufficient. |
STRATEGY FOR LIMITING RISKS
For WORKERS
The legislation for worker's protection currently in force at Community level is generally considered to give an adequate framework to limit the risks of the substance to the extent needed and shall apply.
PART 3
CAS No: 77-47-4 |
|
Einecs No: 201-029-3 |
Structural formula: |
|
|
Einecs name: |
Hexachlorocyclopentadiene |
|
IUPAC name: |
Hexachlorocyclopentadiene |
|
Rapporteur: |
Netherlands |
|
Classification (5): |
T+; R26 T; R24 Xn; R22 C; R34 N; R50/53 |
The risk assessment is based on current practices related to the lifecycle of the substance produced in or imported into the European Community as described in the comprehensive Risk Assessment Report forwarded to the Commission by the Member State Rapporteur (2).
The risk assessment has, based on the available information, determined that in the European Community hexachlorocyclopentadiene is mainly used as an intermediate in the production of the pesticide endosulfan, and in the synthesis of HET-acid used as a copolymer to produce flame-retardant and corrosion-proof polyesters and alkydresins (e.g. thermoplastics). Minor HCCP applications are its use as an intermediate in the production of a speciality coating, dyes, and pharmaceuticals.
The risk assessment has identified other sources of exposure to the substance to man and the environment, in particular, unintentional formation of hexachlorocyclopentadiene in some semiconductor industrial processes, which do not result from the life-cycle of the substance produced in or imported into the European Community. This source has been assessed, whereas unintentional formation of hexachlorocyclopentadiene in fires has not been assessed.
RISK ASSESSMENT
A. Human health
The conclusion of the assessment of the risks to
WORKERS
is that there is a need for specific measures to limit the risks. This conclusion is reached because of:
— |
concerns for respiratory effects and ovarian inflammation as a consequence of repeated inhalation exposure arising from production of pesticides and flame retardants, and use of product containing residual HCCP, |
— |
concerns for ovarian inflammation as a consequence of repeated dermal exposure arising from production of pesticides and flame retardants, and unintentional occurrence of HCCP in the semiconductor industry. |
The conclusion of the assessment of the risks to
CONSUMERS and HUMANS EXPOSED VIA THE ENVIRONMENT
is that there is at present no need for further information and/or testing or for risk reduction measures beyond those which are being applied. This conclusion is reached because:
— |
the risk assessment shows that risks are not expected. Risk reduction measures already being applied are considered sufficient. |
The conclusion of the assessment of the risks to
HUMAN HEALTH (physico-chemical properties)
is that there is at present no need for further information and/or testing or for risk reduction measures beyond those which are being applied. This conclusion is reached because:
— |
the risk assessment shows that risks are not expected. Risk reduction measures already being applied are considered sufficient. |
B. Environment
The conclusion of the assessment of the risks to the
ATMOSPHERE, AQUATIC ECOSYSTEM, and TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEM
is that there is at present no need for further information and/or testing or for risk reduction measures beyond those which are being applied. This conclusion is reached because:
— |
the risk assessment shows that risks are not expected. Risk reduction measures already being applied are considered sufficient. |
The conclusion of the assessment of the risks to
MICRO-ORGANISMS IN THE SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT
is that there is at present no need for further information and/or testing or for risk reduction measures beyond those which are being applied. This conclusion is reached because:
— |
the risk assessment shows that risks are not expected. Risk reduction measures already being applied are considered sufficient. |
STRATEGY FOR LIMITING RISKS
For WORKERS
The legislation for workers' protection currently into force at Community level is generally considered to give an adequate framework to limit the risks of the substance to the extent needed and shall apply.
Within this framework it is recommended:
— |
to establish at community level occupational exposure limit values for HCCP according to Directive 98/24/EC (6). |
(1) This chemical substance is currently not included in the Annex I of Directive 67/548/EEC.
(2) The comprehensive Risk Assessment Report, as well as a summary thereof, can be found on the Internet site of the European Chemicals Bureau:
http://ecb.jrc.it/existing-substances/
(3) OJ L 158, 30.4.2004, p. 50.
(4) This chemical substance is currently not included in the Annex I of Directive 67/548/EEC.
(5) The classification of the substance is established by Commission Directive 96/54/EC of 30 July 1996 adapting to technical progress for the 22nd time Council Directive 67/548/EEC on the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions relating to the classification, packaging and labelling of dangerous substances (OJ L 248, 30.9.1996, p. 1).