1. 

EU trade mark – Definition and acquisition of the EU trade mark – Relative grounds for refusal – Opposition by the proprietor of an earlier identical or similar mark registered for identical or similar goods or services – Likelihood of confusion with the earlier mark – Criteria for assessment

(Council Regulation 207/2009, Art. 8(1)(b))

(see paras 20, 21, 139-141)

2. 

EU trade mark – Definition and acquisition of the EU trade mark – Relative grounds for refusal – Opposition by the proprietor of an earlier identical or similar mark registered for identical or similar goods or services – Similarity between the goods or services in question – Criteria for assessment

(Council Regulation 207/2009, Art. 8(1)(b))

(see paras 25, 26, 35, 36)

3. 

EU trade mark – Observations of third parties and opposition – Examination of the opposition – Proof of use of the earlier mark – Partial use – Effect – Concept of ‘part of the goods or services’ covered by the registration

(Council Regulation 207/2009, Art. 57(2) and (3))

(see paras 33, 34)

4. 

EU trade mark – Definition and acquisition of the EU trade mark – Relative grounds for refusal – Opposition by the proprietor of an earlier identical or similar mark registered for identical or similar goods or services – Likelihood of confusion with the earlier mark – Word marks PCG CALLIGRAM CHRISTIAN GALLIMARD and GALLIMARD

(Council Regulation 207/2009, Art. 8(1)(b))

(see paras 39, 42, 48, 53, 58, 64, 65, 87, 93, 98, 113, 124, 134, 150)

5. 

EU trade mark – Decisions of the Office – Legality – EUIPO’s previous decision-making practice

(see paras 57, 63)

6. 

EU trade mark – Definition and acquisition of the EU trade mark – Relative grounds for refusal – Opposition by the proprietor of an earlier identical or similar mark registered for identical or similar goods or services – Similarity of the marks concerned – Criteria for assessment – Composite mark

(Council Regulation 207/2009, Art. 8(1)(b))

(see paras 68, 69, 73-76, 90, 96, 103, 105, 131, 147)

1. 

Dismisses the action;

2. 

Orders Production Christian Gallimard to bear its own costs and to pay those incurred by the European Union Intellectual Property Office (EUIPO);

3. 

Orders Éditions Gallimard la nouvelle revue française éditions de la nouvelle revue française SA to bear its own costs.