1. 

International agreements – Agreement establishing the World Trade Organisation – GATT 1994 – Not possible to invoke WTO agreements to challenge the legality of an EU measure – Exceptions – EU measure intended to ensure its implementation or referring thereto expressly and precisely – Application in anti-dumping matters

(Art. 216(2) TFEU; General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1994; Agreement on Implementation of Article VI of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (1994 Anti-Dumping Agreement); Protocol on the Accession of China to the WTO; European Parliament and Council Regulation 2016/1036, recital 3 and Art. 2(7))

(see paras 56-60, 63-67, 74)

2. 

EU law – Interpretation – Methods – Interpretation in the light of the international agreements concluded by the Union – Interpretation of Regulation 2016/1036 in the light of the Protocol on the Accession of China to the WTO

(Protocol on the Accession of China to the WTO; European Parliament and Council Regulation 2016/1036)

(see paras 61, 68, 71-73)

3. 

International agreements – Agreement establishing the World Trade Organisation – Ruling of the Dispute Settlement Body of the WTO finding non-compliance with the substantive rules of that agreement – Not possible to rely on those agreements or that ruling to contest the legality of an EU measure

(see para. 77)

4. 

Judicial proceedings – Application initiating proceedings – Formal requirements – Identification of the subject matter of the dispute – Summary of the pleas in law on which the application is based – Abstract statement – Inadmissibility

(Statute of the Court of Justice, Arts 21, first para., and 53, first para.; Rules of Procedure of the General Court, Art. 76(d))

(see para. 78)

5. 

Common commercial policy – Protection against dumping – Injury – Discretion of the institutions – Judicial review – Limits

(European Parliament and Council Regulation 2016/1036, Arts 4(1), 5(4) and 11(2))

(see paras 93-96)

6. 

Common commercial policy – Protection against dumping – Injury – Concept of Union industry – Discretion of the Commission – Definition of Union industry supporting a complaint – Reference to producers representing a major proportion of the total production of the like product produced by the Union industry – Whether permissible – No obligation to define the Union industry by reference to all Union producers or by including producers which did not cooperate with the investigation

(European Parliament and Council Regulation 2016/1036, Arts 4(1) and 5(4))

(see paras 99, 100, 105, 106, 110, 111)

7. 

Common commercial policy – Protection against dumping – Expiry review procedure – Retaining an anti-dumping measure – Conditions – Continuation or recurrence of dumping and injury – Obligation on the institutions also to take into account factors extraneous to dumping – Criteria for assessment

(European Parliament and Council Regulation 2016/1036, Art. 11(2))

(see paras 119-121, 135)

8. 

Common commercial policy – Protection against dumping – Injury – Factors to be taken into consideration – Assessment as a whole

(European Parliament and Council Regulation 2016/1036, Arts 3(2) and 5)

(see paras 134-143)

9. 

Common commercial policy – Protection against dumping – Expiry review procedure – Distinction from the original investigation procedure

(European Parliament and Council Regulation 2016/1036, Art. 11(2))

(see para. 150-151)

10. 

Common commercial policy – Protection against dumping – Investigation – Observance of the rights of the defence – Duty of the institutions to keep the undertakings concerned informed, to respect the confidentiality of information, and to reconcile those obligations – Breach of the obligation to provide information – Conditions

(European Parliament and Council Regulation 2016/1036, Arts 6(7), 19(1) to (5) and 20)

(see paras 163-175)

11. 

Acts of the institutions – Statement of reasons – Obligation – Scope – Regulation imposing anti-dumping duties

(Art. 296 TFEU)

(see paras 183-189)

1. 

Dismisses the action;

2. 

Orders Changmao Biochemical Engineering Co. Ltd to pay the costs.