(1)

In accordance with Article 67 TFEU, the Union shall constitute an area of freedom, security and justice, in which the absence of internal border controls for persons shall be ensured. Under the Schengen acquis, internal borders may be crossed at any point without a border check on persons being carried out, irrespective of their nationality. This includes third country nationals lawfully residing in the EU and third country nationals who have legally entered the territory of a Member State, who may move freely within the territories of all other Member States during the period of 90 days in 180 days.

(2)

On 30 January 2020, the Director-General of the World Health Organization (WHO) declared a public health emergency of international concern over the global outbreak of novel coronavirus, which causes Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). On 11 March 2020, the WHO made the assessment that COVID-19 can be characterised as a pandemic.

(3)

To limit the spread of the virus, the Member States have adopted various measures, some of which have had an impact on the right to move and reside freely within the territory of the Member States, such as restrictions on entry or requirements for cross-border travellers to undergo quarantine. These measure have had, in some cases, an impact on the absence of checks on persons, whatever their nationality, when crossing internal borders within the Schengen area.

(4)

The Council Recommendation (EU) 2020/1475 (1) defines general principles and common criteria, including common thresholds when considering restrictions to free movement in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. It also establishes a common framework as regards possible measures for travellers coming from higher risk areas. It recommends to Member States to coordinate and to communicate to public when restrictive measures are imposed.

(5)

Given that the freedom of movement of persons in the internal market, referred to in Article 26 TFEU, closely coexists with the absence of internal border controls on persons in the Schengen area, referred to in Articles 67 and 77 TFEU, and in order to respect the coherence and the integrity of the Schengen acquis, this Recommendation should ensure that Member States apply the same coordinated approach when applying the Schengen acquis on the absence of checks on persons, irrespective of their nationality, at internal borders.

(6)

Member States should therefore also apply the principles, common criteria and the common framework of measures laid down in the Recommendation (EU) 2020/1475 when ensuring within the Schengen area the absence of checks on persons, whatever their nationality, at internal borders.

(7)

In accordance with Articles 1 and 2 of Protocol No 22 on the position of Denmark annexed to the Treaty on European Union and to the TFEU, Denmark is not taking part in the adoption of this Recommendation and is not bound by it or subject to its application. Given that this Recommendation builds upon the Schengen acquis, Denmark shall, in accordance with Article 4 of the said Protocol, decide within a period of six months after the Council has decided on this Recommendation whether it will implement it.

(8)

This Recommendation constitutes a development of the provisions of the Schengen acquis in which Ireland does not take part, in accordance with Council Decision 2002/192/EC (2); Ireland is therefore not taking part in its adoption and is not bound by it or subject to its application.

(9)

As regards Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus and Romania, this Recommendation constitutes a development of the Schengen acquis within, respectively, the meaning of Article 3(2) of the 2003 Act of Accession, Article 4(2) of the 2005 Act of Accession and Article 4(2) of the 2011 Act of Accession.

(10)

As regards Iceland and Norway, this Recommendation constitutes a development of the provisions of the Schengen acquis within the meaning of the Agreement concluded by the Council of the European Union and the Republic of Iceland and the Kingdom of Norway concerning the latter’s association with the implementation, application and development of the Schengen acquis which fall within the area referred to in Article 1, point A, of Council Decision 1999/437/EC (3).

(11)

As regards Switzerland, this Recommendation constitutes a development of the provisions of the Schengen acquis within the meaning of the Agreement between the European Union, the European Community and the Swiss Confederation on the Swiss Confederation’s association with the implementation, application and development of the Schengen acquis which fall within the area referred to in Article 1, point A, of Decision 1999/437/EC (4) read in conjunction with Article 3 of Council Decision 2008/146/EC (5).

(12)

As regards Liechtenstein, this Recommendation constitutes a development of provisions of the Schengen acquis within the meaning of the Protocol between the European Union, the European Community, the Swiss Confederation and the Principality of Liechtenstein on the accession of the Principality of Liechtenstein to the Agreement between the European Union, the European Community and the Swiss Confederation on the Swiss Confederation’s association with the implementation, application and development of the Schengen acquis which fall within the area referred to in Article 1 point A, of Decision 1999/437/EC (6) read in conjunction with Article 3 of Decision 2011/350/EU (7),