(a) to contribute to the development of quality lifelong learning, and to promote high performance, innovation and a European dimension in systems and practices in the field;

(b) to support the realisation of a European area for lifelong learning;

(c) to help improve the quality, attractiveness and accessibility of the opportunities for lifelong learning available within Member States;

(d) to reinforce the contribution of lifelong learning to social cohesion, active citizenship, intercultural dialogue, gender equality and personal fulfilment;

(e) to help promote creativity, competitiveness, employability and the growth of an entrepreneurial spirit;

(f) to contribute to increased participation in lifelong learning by people of all ages, including those with special needs and disadvantaged groups, regardless of their socio-economic background;

(g) to promote language learning and linguistic diversity;

(h) to support the development of innovative ICT-based content, services, pedagogies and practice for lifelong learning;

(i) to reinforce the role of lifelong learning in creating a sense of European citizenship based on understanding and respect for human rights and democracy, and encouraging tolerance and respect for other peoples and cultures;

(j) to promote cooperation in quality assurance in all sectors of education and training in Europe;

(k) to encourage the best use of results, innovative products and processes and to exchange good practice in the fields covered by the Lifelong Learning Programme, in order to improve the quality of education and training.

1. ‘pre-school’ means organised educational activity undertaken before the start of obligatory primary schooling;

2. ‘pupil’ means a person enrolled in a learning capacity at a school;

3. ‘school’ means all types of institutions providing general (pre-school, primary or secondary), vocational and technical education and, exceptionally, in the case of measures to promote language learning, non-school institutions providing apprenticeship training;

4. ‘teachers/educational staff’ means persons who, through their duties, are involved directly in the education process in the Member States;

5. ‘trainers’ mean persons who, through their duties, are involved directly in the vocational education and training process in the Member States;

6. ‘student’ means a person registered in a higher education institution, whatever their field of study, in order to follow higher education studies leading to a recognised degree or other recognised tertiary level qualification, up to and including the level of doctorate;

7. ‘trainee’ means a person undergoing vocational training, either within a training institution or training organisation or at the workplace;

8. ‘adult learner’ means a learner participating in adult education;

9. ‘people in the labour market’ means workers, the self-employed or people available for employment;

12. ‘vocational training’ means any form of initial vocational education or training, including technical and vocational teaching and apprenticeships, which contributes to the achievement of a vocational qualification recognised by the competent authorities in the Member State in which it is obtained, as well as any continuing vocational education or training undertaken by a person during his or her working life;

13. ‘adult education’ means all forms of non-vocational adult learning, whether of a formal, non-formal or informal nature;

14. ‘study visit’ means a short-term visit, made to study a particular aspect of lifelong learning in another Member State;

15. ‘mobility’ means spending a period of time in another Member State, in order to undertake study, work experience, other learning or teaching activity or related administrative activity, supported as appropriate by preparatory or refresher courses in the host language or working language;

16. ‘placement’ means spending a period of time in an enterprise or organisation in another Member State, supported as appropriate by preparatory or refresher courses in the host language or working language, with a view to helping individuals to adapt to the requirements of the Community-wide labour market, to acquiring a specific skill and to improving understanding of the economic and social culture of the country concerned in the context of acquiring work experience;

17. ‘unilateral’ means involving a single institution;

18. ‘bilateral’ means involving partners from two Member States;

19. ‘multilateral’ means involving partners from at least three Member States. The Commission may regard associations or other bodies with membership from three Member States or more as multilateral;

20. ‘partnership’ means a bilateral or multilateral agreement between a group of institutions or organisations in different Member States to carry out joint European activities in lifelong learning;

21. ‘network’means a formal or informal grouping of bodies active in a particular field, discipline or sector of lifelong learning;

22. ‘project’ means a cooperation activity with a defined outcome developed jointly by a formal or informal grouping of organisations or institutions;

23. ‘project coordinator’ means the organisation or institution in charge of the implementation of the project by the multilateral grouping;

24. ‘project partners’ means the organisations or institutions other than the coordinator, which form the multilateral grouping;

25. ‘enterprise’ means all undertakings engaged in economic activity in the public or private sector whatever their size, legal status or the economic sector in which they operate, including the social economy;

26. ‘social partners’ means, at national level, employers' and workers' organisations in conformity with national laws and/or practices and, at Community level, employers' and workers' organisations taking part in the social dialogue at Community level;

27. ‘guidance and counselling’ means a range of activities such as information, assessment, orientation and advice to assist learners, trainers and other staff to make choices relating to education and training programmes or employment opportunities;

28. ‘dissemination and exploitation of results’ means activities designed to ensure that the results of the Lifelong Learning Programme and its predecessors are appropriately recognised, demonstrated and implemented on a wide scale;

29. ‘lifelong learning’ means all general education, vocational education and training, non-formal education and informal learning undertaken throughout life, resulting in an improvement in knowledge, skills and competences within a personal, civic, social and/or employment-related perspective. It includes the provision of counselling and guidance services.

(a) the Comenius programme, which shall address the teaching and learning needs of all those in pre-school and school education up to the level of the end of upper secondary education, and the institutions and organisations providing such education;

(b) the Erasmus programme, which shall address the teaching and learning needs of all those in formal higher education and vocational education and training at tertiary level, whatever the length of their course or qualification may be and including doctoral studies, and the institutions and organisations providing or facilitating such education and training;

(c) the Leonardo da Vinci programme, which shall address the teaching and learning needs of all those in vocational education and training, other than at tertiary level, as well as the institutions and organisations providing or facilitating such education and training;

(d) the Grundtvig programme, which shall address the teaching and learning needs of those in all forms of adult education, as well as the institutions and organisations providing or facilitating such education.

(a) policy cooperation and innovation in lifelong learning;

(b) promotion of language learning;

(c) development of innovative ICT-based content, services, pedagogies and practice for lifelong learning;

(d) dissemination and exploitation of results of actions supported under the programme and previous related programmes, and exchange of good practice.

(a) the Jean Monnet Action;

(b) operating grants to support specified institutions dealing with issues relating to European integration;

(c) operating grants to support other European institutions and associations in the fields of education and training.

(a) pupils, students, trainees and adult learners;

(b) teachers, trainers and other staff involved in any aspect of lifelong learning;

(c) people in the labour market;

(d) institutions or organisations providing learning opportunities within the context of the Lifelong Learning Programme, or within the limits of its sub-programmes;

(e) the persons and bodies responsible for systems and policies concerning any aspect of lifelong learning at local, regional and national level;

(f) enterprises, social partners and their organisations at all levels, including trade organisations and chambers of commerce and industry;

(g) bodies providing guidance, counselling and information services relating to any aspect of lifelong learning;

(h) associations working in the field of lifelong learning, including students', trainees', pupils', teachers', parents' and adult learners' associations;

(i) research centres and bodies concerned with lifelong learning issues;

(j) non-profit organisations, voluntary bodies, non-governmental organisations (NGOs).

(a) the mobility of individuals in lifelong learning;

(b) bilateral and multilateral partnerships;

(c) multilateral projects especially designed to promote quality in education and training systems through the transnational transfer of innovation;

(d) unilateral and national projects;

(e) multilateral projects and networks;

(f) observation and analysis of policies and systems in the field of lifelong learning, the establishment and regular improvement of reference material, including surveys, statistics, analyses and indicators, action to support transparency and recognition of qualifications and prior learning, and action to support cooperation in quality assurance;

(g) operating grants to support certain operational and administrative costs of institutions and associations active in the field covered by the Lifelong Learning Programme;

(h) other initiatives aimed at promoting the objectives of the Lifelong Learning Programme (accompanying measures).

(a) take the necessary steps to ensure the efficient running of the Lifelong Learning Programme at national level, involving all the parties concerned with aspects of lifelong learning in accordance with national practice or legislation;

(c) take responsibility for the proper management by the national agencies referred to in point (b) of credits transferred to national agencies to support projects, and in particular for the respect by national agencies of the principles of transparency, equality of treatment and of the avoidance of double-funding with other sources of Community funds, and of the obligation to monitor projects and to recover any funds due for reimbursement by beneficiaries;

(e) in the event of irregularity, negligence or fraud imputable to a national agency established or designated under point (b), and where this gives rise to claims by the Commission on the national agency which are not completely recovered, be responsible for the funds not recovered;

(f) designate upon request from the Commission the institutions or organisations providing learning opportunities, or the types of such institutions or organisations, to be considered eligible to participate in the Lifelong Learning Programme in their respective territories;

(g) endeavour to adopt all appropriate measures to remove legal and administrative obstacles to the proper functioning of the Lifelong Learning Programme;

(h) take steps to ensure that potential synergies with other Community programmes and financial instruments and with other relevant programmes operating in the Member State in question are achieved at national level.

(a) the transition between the actions carried out within the context of the preceding programmes in the fields of education, training and lifelong learning and those to be implemented under the Lifelong Learning Programme;

(b) the adequate protection of the Communities' financial interests, in particular by introducing effective, proportionate and dissuasive measures, administrative checks and penalties;

(c) the wide dissemination of information, publicity and follow-up with regard to actions supported under the Lifelong Learning Programme;

(d) the collection, analysis and processing of available data required to measure the results and effects of the programme, and to monitor and evaluate activities as referred to in Article 15;

(e) the dissemination of the results of the previous generation of education and training programmes and of the Lifelong Learning Programme.

(a) EFTA countries which are members of the EEA, in accordance with the conditions laid down in the EEA Agreement;

(b) the candidate countries benefiting from a pre-accession strategy, in accordance with the general principles and general terms and conditions laid down in the framework agreements concluded with these countries for their participation in Community programmes;

(c) the countries of the Western Balkans, in accordance with the provisions to be determined with these countries following the establishment of framework agreements providing for their participation in Community programmes;

(d) the Swiss Confederation, on the basis of a bilateral agreement to be concluded with that country.

(a) the annual plan of work including priorities;

(b) the annual allocations and the distribution of funds between and within the sub-programmes;

(c) the general guidelines for implementing the sub-programmes (including decisions concerning the nature of the actions, their duration and funding level), the selection criteria and procedures;

(d) the Commission's proposals for the selection of applications for multilateral projects and networks as referred to in Article 33(1)(b) and (c);

(e) the Commission's proposals for the selection of applications for actions set out in Article 5(1)(e), not covered by point (d) of this paragraph, and in Article 5(1)(f), (g) and (h), for which the Community support proposed exceeds EUR 1 million;

(f) the definition of the respective roles and responsibilities of the Commission, the Member States and the national agencies regarding the National agency procedure as set out in the Annex;

(g) the distribution of funds among the Member States for the actions to be managed through the National agency procedure as set out in the Annex;

(h) the arrangements for ensuring internal consistency within the Lifelong Learning Programme;

(i) the arrangements for monitoring and evaluating the Lifelong Learning Programme and the sub-programmes and for the dissemination and transfer of results.

(a) promoting an awareness of the importance of cultural and linguistic diversity within Europe, as well as of the need to combat racism, prejudice and xenophobia;

(b) making provision for learners with special needs, and in particular by helping to promote their integration into mainstream education and training;

(c) promoting equality between men and women and contributing to combating all forms of discrimination based on sex, racial or ethnic origin, religion or belief, disability, age or sexual orientation.

(a) an interim evaluation report on the qualitative and quantitative aspects of the implementation of the Lifelong Learning Programme, including an analysis of the results achieved, by 31 March 2011;

(b) a communication on the continuation of the Lifelong Learning Programme by 31 December 2011;

(c) an ex post evaluation report by 31 March 2016.

(a) pupils in school education up to the end of upper secondary education;

(b) schools, as specified by Member States;

(c) teachers and other staff within those schools;

(d) associations, non-profit organisations, NGOs and representatives of those involved in school education;

(e) persons and bodies responsible for the organisation and delivery of education at local, regional and national levels;

(f) research centres and bodies concerned with lifelong learning issues;

(g) higher education institutions;

(h) bodies providing guidance, counselling and information services relating to any aspect of lifelong learning.

(a) to develop knowledge and understanding among young people and educational staff of the diversity of European cultures and languages and its value;

(b) to help young people acquire the basic life-skills and competences necessary for their personal development, for future employment and for active European citizenship.

(a) to improve the quality and to increase the volume of mobility involving pupils and educational staff in different Member States;

(b) to improve the quality and to increase the volume of partnerships between schools in different Member States, so as to involve at least 3 million pupils in joint educational activities during the period of the programme;

(c) to encourage the learning of modern foreign languages;

(d) to support the development of innovative ICT-based content, services, pedagogies and practice for lifelong learning;

(e) to enhance the quality and European dimension of teacher training;

(f) to support improvements in pedagogical approaches and school management.

(a) mobility of individuals as referred to in Article 5(1)(a). In arranging for or supporting the organisation of such mobility, the necessary preparatory measures shall be adopted and care shall be taken to ensure that adequate supervision, advice and support is available for individuals in mobility.

(e) other initiatives aimed at promoting the objectives of the Comenius programme as referred to in Article 5(1)(h) (‘accompanying measures’).

(a) students and trainees learning in all forms of tertiary level education and training;

(b) higher education institutions, as specified by Member States;

(c) teachers, trainers and other staff within those institutions;

(d) associations and representatives of those involved in higher education, including relevant student, university, and teacher/trainer associations;

(e) enterprises, social partners and other representatives of working life;

(f) public and private bodies, including non-profit organisations and NGOs, responsible for the organisation and delivery of education and training at local, regional and national levels;

(g) research centres and bodies concerned with lifelong learning issues;

(h) bodies providing guidance, counselling and information services relating to any aspect of lifelong learning.

(a) to support the achievement of a European Area of Higher Education;

(b) to reinforce the contribution of higher education and advanced vocational education to the process of innovation.

(a) to improve the quality and to increase the volume of student and teaching staff mobility throughout Europe, so as to contribute to the achievement by 2012 of at least 3 million individual participants in student mobility under the Erasmus programme and its predecessor programmes;

(b) to improve the quality and to increase the volume of multilateral cooperation between higher education institutions in Europe;

(c) to increase the degree of transparency and compatibility between higher education and advanced vocational education qualifications gained in Europe;

(d) to improve the quality and to increase the volume of cooperation between higher education institutions and enterprises;

(e) to facilitate the development of innovative practices in education and training at tertiary level, and their transfer, including from one participating country to others;

(f) to support the development of innovative ICT-based content, services, pedagogies and practice for lifelong learning.

Support may also be awarded to the home and host higher education institutions or enterprises for action to ensure quality at all stages of the mobility arrangements, including preparatory and refresher language courses.

(b) multilateral projects, as referred to in Article 5(1)(e), focusing inter alia on innovation, experimentation and the exchange of good practice in the areas mentioned in the specific and operational objectives;

(c) multilateral networks, as referred to in Article 5(1)(e), run by consortia of higher education institutions and representing a discipline or a cross-disciplinary field, (‘Erasmus thematic networks’) which aim to develop new learning concepts and competences. Such networks may also include representatives from other public bodies or from enterprises or associations;

(d) other initiatives aimed at promoting the objectives of the Erasmus programme as referred to in Article 5(1)(h) (‘accompanying measures’).

(a) students in higher education institutions who, enrolled at least in the second year, spend a study period in another Member State within the framework of the mobility action of the Erasmus programme, regardless whether they have been awarded financial support under that programme. Such periods shall be fully recognised under the interinstitutional agreements between the sending and host institutions. The host institutions shall not charge tuition fees to such students;

(b) students enrolled on Joint Masters programmes and engaged in mobility;

(c) students in higher education institutions taking part in placements.

(a) people learning in all forms of vocational education and training except at tertiary level;

(b) people in the labour market;

(c) institutions or organisations providing learning opportunities in the fields covered by the Leonardo da Vinci programme;

(d) teachers, trainers and other staff within those institutions or organisations;

(e) associations and representatives of those involved in vocational education and training, including trainees', parents' and teachers' associations;

(f) enterprises, social partners and other representatives of working life, including chambers of commerce and other trade organisations;

(g) bodies providing guidance, counselling and information services relating to any aspect of lifelong learning;

(h) persons and bodies responsible for systems and policies concerning any aspect of vocational education and training at local, regional and national level;

(i) research centres and bodies concerned with lifelong learning issues;

(j) higher education institutions;

(k) non-profit organisations, voluntary bodies, NGOs.

(a) to support participants in training and further training activities in the acquisition and the use of knowledge, skills and qualifications to facilitate personal development, employability and participation in the European labour market;

(b) to support improvements in quality and innovation in vocational education and training systems, institutions and practices;

(c) to enhance the attractiveness of vocational education and training and mobility for employers and individuals and to facilitate the mobility of working trainees.

(a) to improve the quality and to increase the volume of mobility throughout Europe of people involved in initial vocational education and training and in continuing training, so as to increase placements in enterprises to at least 80 000 per year by the end of the Lifelong Learning Programme;

(b) to improve the quality and to increase the volume of cooperation between institutions or organisations providing learning opportunities, enterprises, social partners and other relevant bodies throughout Europe;

(c) to facilitate the development of innovative practices in the field of vocational education and training other than at tertiary level, and their transfer, including from one participating country to others;

(d) to improve the transparency and recognition of qualifications and competences, including those acquired through non-formal and informal learning;

(e) to encourage the learning of modern foreign languages;

(f) to support the development of innovative ICT-based content, services, pedagogies and practice for lifelong learning.

(b) partnerships, as referred to in Article 5(1)(b), focusing on themes of mutual interest to the participating organisations;

(c) multilateral projects, as referred to in Article 5(1)(c), in particular those aimed at improving training systems by focusing on the transfer of innovation involving the linguistic, cultural and legal adaptation to national needs of innovative products and processes developed in different contexts;

(d) multilateral projects, as referred to in Article 5(1)(e), aimed at improving training systems by focusing on the development of innovation and good practice;

(e) thematic networks of experts and organisations, as referred to in Article 5(1)(e), working on specific issues related to vocational education and training;

(f) other initiatives aimed at promoting the objectives of the Leonardo da Vinci programme, as referred to in Article 5(1)(h) (‘accompanying measures’).

(a) learners in adult education;

(b) institutions or organisations providing learning opportunities in adult education;

(c) teachers and other staff within those institutions or organisations;

(d) establishments involved in the initial or further training of adult education staff;

(e) associations and representatives of those involved in adult education, including learners' and teachers' associations;

(f) bodies providing guidance, counselling and information services relating to any aspect of lifelong learning;

(g) persons and bodies responsible for systems and policies concerning any aspect of adult education at local, regional and national level;

(h) research centres and bodies concerned with lifelong learning issues;

(i) enterprises;

(j) non-profit organisations, voluntary bodies, NGOs;

(k) higher education institutions.

(a) to respond to the educational challenge of an ageing population in Europe;

(b) to help provide adults with pathways to improving their knowledge and competences.

(a) to improve the quality and accessibility of mobility throughout Europe of individuals involved in adult education and to increase its volume so as to support the mobility of at least 7 000 such individuals per year by 2013;

(b) to improve the quality and to increase the volume of cooperation between organisations involved in adult education throughout Europe;

(c) to assist people from vulnerable social groups and in marginal social contexts, in particular older people and those who have left education without basic qualifications, in order to give them alternative opportunities to access adult education;

(d) to facilitate the development of innovative practices in adult education and their transfer, including from a participating country to others;

(e) to support the development of innovative ICT-based content, services, pedagogies and practice for lifelong learning;

(f) to improve pedagogical approaches and the management of adult education organisations.

(a) mobility of individuals, as referred to in Article 5(1)(a). In arranging for or supporting the organisation of such mobility, the necessary preparatory measures shall be adopted and care shall be taken to ensure that adequate supervision and support is available for individuals in mobility. Such mobility may include visits, assistantships and exchanges for participants in formal and non-formal adult education, including the training and professional development of adult education staff, especially in synergy with partnerships and projects;

(b) partnerships, as referred to in Article 5(1)(b), known as ‘Grundtvig learning partnerships’, focusing on themes of mutual interest to the participating organisations;

(c) multilateral projects, as referred to in Article 5(1)(e), aimed at improving adult education systems through the development and transfer of innovation and good practice;

(e) other initiatives aimed at promoting the objectives of the Grundtvig programme, as referred to in Article 5(1)(h) (‘accompanying measures’).

(a) to promote European cooperation in fields covering two or more sectoral sub-programmes;

(b) to promote the quality and transparency of Member States' education and training systems.

(a) to support policy development and cooperation at European level in lifelong learning, notably in the context of the Lisbon process and Education and Training 2010 Work Programme, as well as the Bologna and Copenhagen processes and their successors;

(b) to ensure an adequate supply of comparable data, statistics and analyses to underpin lifelong learning policy development, as well as to monitor progress towards objectives and targets in lifelong learning, and to identify areas for particular attention;

(c) to promote language learning and to support linguistic diversity in the Member States;

(d) to support the development of innovative ICT-based content, services, pedagogies and practice for lifelong learning;

(e) to ensure that the results of the Lifelong Learning Programme are appropriately recognised, demonstrated and implemented on a wide scale.

(a) individual mobility, as referred to in Article 5(1)(a), including study visits for experts and officials designated by national, regional and local authorities, for directors of education and training establishments and guidance and experience accreditation services, and for social partners;

(b) multilateral projects, as referred to in Article 5(1)(e), aimed at preparing and testing policy proposals developed at Community level and innovation in lifelong learning;

(f) other initiatives, as referred to in Article 5(1)(h) (accompanying measures), including peer-learning activities aimed at promoting the objectives of the key activity referred to in Article 3(2)(a).

(b) multilateral networks as referred to in Article 5(1)(e), in the field of language learning and linguistic diversity;

(c) other initiatives in line with the objectives of the Lifelong Learning Programme, as referred to in Article 5(1)(h), including activities to make language learning more attractive to learners through the mass media and/or marketing, publicity and information campaigns, as well as conferences, studies and the development of statistical indicators in the field of language learning and linguistic diversity.

(a) multilateral projects, as referred to in Article 5(1)(e), aimed at the development and distribution, as appropriate, of innovative methods, contents, services and environments;

(b) multilateral networks as referred to in Article 5(1)(e), aimed at sharing and exchanging knowledge, experience and good practice;

(c) other action aimed at improving lifelong learning policy and practice, as described in Article 5(1)(f), which may include mechanisms for evaluation, observation, benchmarking, quality improvement and the analysis of trends with respect to technology and pedagogy.

(a) unilateral and national projects, as referred to in Article 5(1)(d);

(c) the establishment of reference material as referred to in Article 5(1)(f), which may include the collection of relevant statistical data and studies in the field of dissemination, the exploitation of results and the exchange of good practice.

(a) students and researchers in the field of European integration in all forms of higher education within and outside the Community;

(b) higher education institutions within and outside the Community as recognised within their own countries;

(c) teachers and other staff within those institutions;

(d) associations and representatives of those involved in education and training within and outside the Community;

(e) public and private bodies responsible for the organisation and delivery of education and training at local, regional and national levels;

(f) research centres and bodies concerned with issues relating to European integration within and outside the Community.

(a) to stimulate teaching, research and reflection activities in the field of European integration studies;

(b) to support the existence of an appropriate range of institutions and associations focusing on issues relating to European integration and on education and training in a European perspective.

(a) to stimulate excellence in teaching, research and reflection in European integration studies in higher education institutions within and outside the Community;

(b) to enhance knowledge and awareness among specialist academics and among European citizens generally of issues relating to European integration;

(c) to support key European institutions dealing with issues relating to European integration;

(d) to support the existence of high-quality European institutions and associations active in the fields of education and training.

(b) multilateral projects and networks, as referred to in Article 5(1)(e), which may include support for the establishment of multilateral research groups in the field of European integration.

(a) the College of Europe (Bruges and Natolin campuses);

(b) the European University Institute, Florence;

(c) the European Institute of Public Administration, Maastricht;

(d) the Academy of European Law, Trier;

(e) the European Agency for Development in Special Needs Education, Middelfart;

(f) the International Centre for European Training (CIFE), Nice.

1.1. Procedure 1

Requests for financial assistance submitted under these actions shall be directed to the appropriate national agencies designated by the Member States in accordance with Article 6(2)(b). The national agencies shall carry out the selection and allocate financial assistance to the applicants selected in accordance with the general guidelines to be established under Article 9(1)(c). The national agencies shall distribute grants to beneficiaries located in their respective Member States. Each partner in a bilateral or multilateral partnership shall receive funding direct from its respective national agency.

1.2. Procedure 2

Requests for financial assistance submitted under this action shall be directed to the national agency designated by the Member State of the coordinator of the project in accordance with Article 6(2)(b).The national agency of the Member State of the coordinator of the project shall carry out the evaluation of applications and submit to the Commission a shortlist of applications which it proposes to accept. The Commission shall decide upon the shortlist proposed, following which the national agency shall allocate the appropriate financial assistance to the applicants selected in accordance with the general guidelines to be established under Article 9(1)(c).

Before submitting the shortlist to the Commission, the national agency of the country in which the project is coordinated shall liaise with those in the countries of all the other project partners. The national agencies shall distribute grants to selected project coordinators located in their respective Member States, which shall be responsible for distributing the funds to the partners involved in the projects.

(a) unilateral and national projects, as referred to in Article 5(1)(d), except those funded under Article 33(4)(a);

(b) multilateral projects and networks, as referred to in Article 5(1)(e);

(c) observation and analysis of policies and systems in the field of lifelong learning, the establishment of reference material, including surveys, statistics, analyses and indicators, and action to support transparency and recognition of qualifications and prior learning, as referred to in Article 5(1)(f);

(d) operating grants, as referred to in Article 5(1)(g);

(e) other initiatives aimed at promoting the objectives of the Lifelong Learning Programme, as referred to in Article 5(1)(h) (‘accompanying measures’).

— the contracting parties,

— the duration of the contract, which shall be the period of eligibility of the expenditure,

— the maximum amount of funding awarded,

— a summary description of the action involved,

— reporting and audit access requirements.

1.2. These formulae should, as far as possible, be neutral with respect to the different education and training systems of the Member States.

1.3. The Community funds thus distributed shall be administered by the national agencies provided for in Article 6(2)(b).

1.4. The Commission, acting in cooperation with the Member States, shall take the necessary measures to encourage balanced participation at Community, national and, where appropriate, regional level and, where appropriate, across the various fields of study. The proportion allocated to these measures shall not exceed 5 % of the annual allocations for financing each of the actions in question.

Comenius 13 %

Erasmus 40 %

Leonardo da Vinci 25 %

Grundtvig 4 %