EUROPEAN COMMISSION

Brussels, 16.11.2016

SWD(2016) 354 final

COMMISSION STAFF WORKING DOCUMENT

STATISTICAL ANNEX

Accompanying the document

REPORT FROM THE COMMISSION TO THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT,
THE COUNCIL, THE EUROPEAN CENTRAL BANK
AND THE EUROPEAN ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COMMITTEE

Alert Mechanism Report 2017

(prepared in accordance with Articles 3 and 4 of Regulation
(EU) No 1176/2011 on the prevention and correction of macroeconomic imbalances)

{COM(2016) 728 final}

Background information    

Statistical methodology improvements    

Improving the quality framework and ongoing work    

Chapter 1: Tables by year - Headline indicators    

Table 1.1: MIP Scoreboard 2015    

Table 1.2: MIP Scoreboard 2014    

Table 1.3: MIP Scoreboard 2013    

Table 1.4: MIP Scoreboard 2012    

Table 1.5: MIP Scoreboard 2011    

Table 1.6: MIP Scoreboard 2010    

Table 1.7: MIP Scoreboard 2009    

Table 1.8: MIP Scoreboard 2008    

Table 1.9: MIP Scoreboard 2007    

Table 1.10: MIP Scoreboard 2006    

Chapter 2: Tables by year - Auxiliary indicators used in the economic reading of the MIP scoreboard    

Table 2.1: Auxiliary indicators, 2015    

Table 2.1 (continued): Auxiliary indicators, 2015    

Table 2.2: Auxiliary indicators, 2014    

Table 2.2 (continued): Auxiliary indicators, 2014    

Table 2.3: Auxiliary indicators, 2013    

Table 2.3 (continued): Auxiliary indicators, 2013    

Table 2.4: Auxiliary indicators, 2012    

Table 2.4 (continued): Auxiliary indicators, 2012    

Table 2.5: Auxiliary indicators, 2011    

Table 2.5 (continued): Auxiliary indicators, 2011    

Table 2.6: Auxiliary indicators, 2010    

Table 2.6 (continued): Auxiliary indicators, 2010    

Table 2.7: Auxiliary indicators, 2009    

Table 2.7 (continued): Auxiliary indicators, 2009    

Table 2.8: Auxiliary indicators, 2008    

Table 2.8 (continued): Auxiliary indicators, 2008    

Table 2.9: Auxiliary indicators, 2007    

Table 2.9 (continued): Auxiliary indicators, 2007    

Table 2.10: Auxiliary indicators, 2006    

Table 2.10 (continued): Auxiliary indicators, 2006    

Chapter 3: Tables by indicator    

Table 3.1: Current account balance, % of GDP (3 year average)    

Table 3.2: Current account balance (% of GDP)    

Table 3.3: Net international investment position (% of GDP)    

Table 3.4: Real effective exchange rate - 42 trading partners, HICP deflator (3 years % change)    

Table 3.5: Real effective exchange rate - 42 trading partners, HICP deflator (1 year % change)    

Table 3.6: Export market share - % of world exports (5 years % change)    

Table 3.7: Export market share - % of world exports (1 year % change)    

Table 3.8: Nominal unit labour cost index, 2010=100 (3 years % change)    

Table 3.9: Nominal unit labour cost index, 2010=100 (1 year % change)    

Table 3.10: House price index (2010=100), deflated (1 year % change)    

Table 3.11: Private sector credit flow, consolidated (% of GDP)    

Table 3.12: Private sector debt, consolidated (% of GDP)    

Table 3.13: General government gross debt (% of GDP)    

Table 3.14: Unemployment rate (3 year average)    

Table 3.15: Unemployment rate (%)    

Table 3.16: Total financial sector liabilities, non-consolidated (1 year % change)    

Table 3.17: Total financial sector liabilities, non-consolidated (Millions NC)    

Table 3.18: Activity rate - % of total population aged 15-64 (3 years change in p.p.)    

Table 3.19: Activity rate - % of total population aged 15-64    

Table 3.20: Long-term unemployment rate - % of active population aged 15-74 (3 years change in p.p.)    

Table 3.21: Long-term unemployment rate - % of active population aged 15-74    

Table 3.22: Youth unemployment rate - % of active population aged 15-24 (3 years change in p.p.)    

Table 3.23: Youth unemployment rate - % of active population aged 15-24    

Table 3.24: Real GDP (1 year % change)    

Table 3.25: Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP)    

Table 3.26: Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (% of GDP)    

Table 3.27: Current plus capital account - Net lending-borrowing (% of GDP)    

Table 3.28: Net external debt (% of GDP)    

Table 3.29: Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy - flows (% of GDP)    

Table 3.30: Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy - stocks (% of GDP)    

Table 3.31: Net trade balance of energy products (% of GDP)    

Table 3.32: Real effective exchange rate - Euro Area trading partners (3 years % change)    

Table 3.33: Export performance against advanced economies (5 years % change)    

Table 3.34: Terms of trade (5 years % change)    

Table 3.35: Export market share, volume (1 year % change)    

Table 3.36: Real labour productivity (1 year % change)    

Table 3.37: Nominal unit labour cost index, 2010=100 (10 years % change)    

Table 3.38: Unit labour cost performance relative to EA (10 years % change)    

Table 3.39: House price index (2010=100) - nominal (3 years % change)    

Table 3.40: Residential construction (% of GDP)    

Table 3.41: Private sector debt, non-consolidated (% of GDP)    

Table 3.42: Financial sector leverage (debt-to-equity), non-consolidated (%)    

Table 3.43: Employment rate (1 year % change)    

Table 3.44: Young people neither in employment nor in education and training - % of total population aged 15-24    

Table 3.45: People at risk of poverty or social exclusion - % of total population    

Table 3.46: People at risk of poverty after social transfers - % of total population    

Table 3.47: Severely materially deprived people - % of total population    

Table 3.48: People living in households with very low work intensity - % of total population aged 0-59    

Chapter 4: Tables by Member States - Headline indicators    

Table 4.1: The MIP scoreboard for Belgium    

Table 4.2: The MIP scoreboard for Bulgaria    

Table 4.3: The MIP scoreboard for Czech Republic    

Table 4.4: The MIP scoreboard for Denmark    

Table 4.5: The MIP scoreboard for Germany    

Table 4.6: The MIP scoreboard for Estonia    

Table 4.7: The MIP scoreboard for Ireland    

Table 4.8: The MIP scoreboard for Greece    

Table 4.9: The MIP scoreboard for Spain    

Table 4.10: The MIP scoreboard for France    

Table 4.11: The MIP scoreboard for Croatia    

Table 4.12: The MIP scoreboard for Italy    

Table 4.13: The MIP scoreboard for Cyprus    

Table 4.14: The MIP scoreboard for Latvia    

Table 4.15: The MIP scoreboard for Lithuania    

Table 4.16: The MIP scoreboard for Luxembourg    

Table 4.17: The MIP scoreboard for Hungary    

Table 4.18: The MIP scoreboard for Malta    

Table 4.19: The MIP scoreboard for Netherlands    

Table 4.20: The MIP scoreboard for Austria    

Table 4.21: The MIP scoreboard for Poland    

Table 4.22: The MIP scoreboard for Portugal    

Table 4.23: The MIP scoreboard for Romania    

Table 4.24: The MIP scoreboard for Slovenia    

Table 4.25: The MIP scoreboard for Slovakia    

Table 4.26: The MIP scoreboard for Finland    

Table 4.27: The MIP scoreboard for Sweden    

Table 4.28: The MIP scoreboard for United Kingdom    

Chapter 5: Tables by Member States - Auxiliary indicators used in the economic reading of the MIP scoreboard    

Table 5.1: Auxiliary indicators for Belgium    

Table 5.1 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Belgium    

Table 5.2: Auxiliary indicators for Bulgaria    

Table 5.2 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Bulgaria    

Table 5.3: Auxiliary indicators for Czech Republic    

Table 5.3 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Czech Republic    

Table 5.4: Auxiliary indicators for Denmark    

Table 5.4 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Denmark    

Table 5.5: Auxiliary indicators for Germany    

Table 5.5 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Germany    

Table 5.6: Auxiliary indicators for Estonia    

Table 5.6 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Estonia    

Table 5.7: Auxiliary indicators for Ireland    

Table 5.7 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Ireland    

Table 5.8: Auxiliary indicators for Greece    

Table 5.8 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Greece    

Table 5.9: Auxiliary indicators for Spain    

Table 5.9 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Spain    

Table 5.10: Auxiliary indicators for France    

Table 5.10 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for France    

Table 5.11: Auxiliary indicators for Croatia    

Table 5.11 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Croatia    

Table 5.12: Auxiliary indicators for Italy    

Table 5.12 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Italy    

Table 5.13: Auxiliary indicators for Cyprus    

Table 5.13 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Cyprus    

Table 5.14: Auxiliary indicators for Latvia    

Table 5.14 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Latvia    

Table 5.15: Auxiliary indicators for Lithuania    

Table 5.15 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Lithuania    

Table 5.16: Auxiliary indicators for Luxembourg    

Table 5.16 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Luxembourg    

Table 5.17: Auxiliary indicators for Hungary    

Table 5.17 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Hungary    

Table 5.18: Auxiliary indicators for Malta    

Table 5.18 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Malta    

Table 5.19: Auxiliary indicators for Netherlands    

Table 5.19 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Netherlands    

Table 5.20: Auxiliary indicators for Austria    

Table 5.20 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Austria    

Table 5.21: Auxiliary indicators for Poland    

Table 5.21 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Poland    

Table 5.22: Auxiliary indicators for Portugal    

Table 5.22 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Portugal    

Table 5.23: Auxiliary indicators for Romania    

Table 5.23 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Romania    

Table 5.24: Auxiliary indicators for Slovenia    

Table 5.24 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Slovenia    

Table 5.25: Auxiliary indicators for Slovakia    

Table 5.25 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Slovakia    

Table 5.26: Auxiliary indicators for Finland    

Table 5.26 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Finland    

Table 5.27: Auxiliary indicators for Sweden    

Table 5.27 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Sweden    

Table 5.28: Auxiliary indicators for United Kingdom    

Table 5.28 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for United Kingdom    

Chapter 6: Tables by year - MIP Scoreboard (base indicators)    

Table 6.1: MIP Scoreboard (base indicators) 2015    

Table 6.2: MIP Scoreboard (base indicators) 2014    

Table 6.3: MIP Scoreboard (base indicators) 2013    

Table 6.4: MIP Scoreboard (base indicators) 2012    

Table 6.5: MIP Scoreboard (base indicators) 2011    

Table 6.6: MIP Scoreboard (base indicators) 2010    

Table 6.7: MIP Scoreboard (base indicators) 2009    

Table 6.8: MIP Scoreboard (base indicators) 2008    

Table 6.9: MIP Scoreboard (base indicators) 2007    

Table 6.10: MIP Scoreboard (base indicators) 2006    

Background information

This Statistical Annex to the 2017 Alert Mechanism Report (AMR 2017) presents the Macroeconomic Imbalance Procedure (MIP) scoreboard indicators and auxiliary indicators used in the economic reading of the MIP scoreboard. The MIP scoreboard and auxiliary indicators are mainly compiled by Eurostat, from the data transmitted by Member States, following European legislation. The MIP scoreboard indicators are presented with their indicative thresholds (used in the AMR) while no thresholds are applied to the auxiliary indicators.

The policy framework of the MIP relies on timely and high quality socio-economic and financial statistics. Since the publication of the first Statistical Annex in 2012, significant progress has been achieved towards enhancing the standards and methods used for the compilation of underlying data as well as strengthening the statistical quality assurance framework.

The MIP Scoreboard consists of fourteen scoreboard indicators measuring internal and external imbalances as well as social and labour market developments. The 10-year time series of the MIP scoreboard indicators are displayed in this statistical annex in Chapter 1 (by year) and Chapter 4 (by country). Table 1 lists the MIP scoreboard indicators together with detailed information on their data sources.

The cut-off date for the data, that is the date on which the data were extracted from the Eurostat database for the preparation of this document, was the 24th October 2016. For additional information about the data, please contact ESTAT-MIP@ec.europa.eu .

Table 1. MIP scoreboard indicators (AMR 2017)

Indicator	Unit	Data source	Statistical domain
Current account balance (% of GDP)	3 year average	Eurostat	BOP/NA
Net international investment position	% of GDP	Eurostat	BOP/NA
Real effective exchange rate (42 trading partners, HICP deflator)	3 years % change	DG ECFIN
Export market share (% of world exports)	5 years % change	Eurostat, IMF	BOP
Nominal unit labour cost index (2010=100)	3 years % change	Eurostat	NA
House price index (2010=100), deflated	1 year % change	Eurostat	Price statistics / NA
Private sector credit flow, consolidated	% of GDP	Eurostat	NA (FA)
Private sector debt, consolidated	% of GDP	Eurostat	NA (FA)
General government gross debt	% of GDP	Eurostat	GFS
Unemployment rate	3 year average	Eurostat	EU-LFS
Total financial sector liabilities, non-consolidated	1 year % change	Eurostat	NA (FA)
Activity rate (% of total population aged 15-64)	3 years change in p.p.	Eurostat	EU-LFS
Long-term unemployment rate (% of active population aged 15-74)	3 years change in p.p.	Eurostat	EU-LFS
Youth unemployment rate (% of active population aged 15-24)	3 years change in p.p.	Eurostat	EU-LFS

Note: NA – National Accounts; BOP – Balance of Payments; FA – Financial Accounts; GFS – Government Finance Statistics; and LFS – Labour Force Survey/Labour Market Statistics; p.p. – percentage points

Supplementing the MIP scoreboard indicators, a list of 25 auxiliary indicators (see Table 2) provides additional information on aspects linked to the general macroeconomic situation, nominal and real convergence inside and outside the European Union and the euro area, detailed data on external liabilities, including foreign direct investment and net external debt, and social statistics. The auxiliary indicators enhance the information base for understanding potential imbalances, as well as the adjustment capacity of the economy. The auxiliary indicators are also presented in this Statistical Annex by year (in Chapter 2) and by country (in Chapter 5).

Table 2. MIP auxiliary indicators (AMR 2017)

Indicator	Unit	Data source	Statistical domain
Real GDP	1 year % change	Eurostat	NA
Gross fixed capital formation	% of GDP	Eurostat	NA
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D	% of GDP	Eurostat	Business Statistics/ NA
Current plus capital account (Net lending-borrowing)	% of GDP	Eurostat	BOP/NA
Net external debt	% of GDP	Eurostat	BOP/ NA
Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy – net inward flows	% of GDP	Eurostat	BOP/NA
Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy - stocks	% of GDP	Eurostat	BOP/NA
Net trade balance of energy products	% of GDP	Eurostat	International Trade/ NA
Real effective exchange rates – euro area trading partners	3 years % change	DG ECFIN
Export performance against advanced economies	5 years % change	Eurostat/OECD	BOP
Terms of trade	5 years % change	Eurostat	NA
Export market share - in volume	1 year % change	Eurostat /IMF
Labour productivity	1 year % change	Eurostat	NA
Nominal unit labour cost index (2010=100)	10 years % change	Eurostat	NA
Unit labour cost performance relative to euro area	10 years % change	DG ECFIN
House price index (2010=100) - nominal	3 years % change	Eurostat	Price statistics / NA
Residential construction	% of GDP	Eurostat	NA
Private sector debt, non-consolidated	% of GDP	Eurostat	NA (FA)
Financial sector leverage, non-consolidated	% debt to equity	Eurostat	NA (FA)
Employment rate	1 year % change	Eurostat	NA
Young people neither in employment nor in education and training	% of total population aged 15-24	Eurostat	EU-LFS
People at risk of poverty or social exclusion	% of total population	Eurostat	SILC
People at risk of poverty after social transfers	% of total population	Eurostat	SILC
Severely materially deprived people	% of total population	Eurostat	SILC
People living in households with very low work intensity	% of total population aged 0-59	Eurostat	SILC

Note: NA – National Accounts; BOP – Balance of Payments; FA – Financial Accounts; LFS – Labour Force Survey/Labour Market Statistics; SILC – Statistics on Income and Living Conditions; p.p. – percentage points

In Chapter 3, the data is displayed for each MIP indicator separately to allow easy comparisons of Member States for the 10-year time series. In addition, in the same chapter short descriptions of the indicators as well as detailed information on data sources and methods employed for their compilation are provided.

Statistical methodology improvements

In 2014 the new statistical standards (the European System of Accounts, ESA 2010 and the Balance of Payments and International Investment Position Manual, sixth edition, BPM6) and improvements in the statistical production process in the Member States entered into force. The successful implementation improved the quality of the MIP underlying data. Detailed information on ESA 2010 is made available on the Eurostat website – ESA2010 web section .

BOP/IIP underlying MIP indicators

The revision of international standards and changeover to the 6th edition of the Balance of Payments and International Investment Position Manual (BPM6) was translated into new data requirements via the adoption of Commission Regulation (EU) No 555/2012 and ECB Guideline (ECB/2011/23). According to the new legislation, Member States shall submit to the Commission (Eurostat) data following the BPM6 requirements from 2014 onwards only. The length of time series available for the computation of MIP indicators based on the BPM6 is thus limited.

However, in order to maintain comparability over time, the majority of countries has back-calculated the main BOP time series according to the new standards. As the transmission of back data by Member States is voluntary, some data gaps remained for a minority of countries. In order to enlarge data coverage and support policy analysis, Eurostat has taken measures in close cooperation with Member States to improve the situation with regard to the availability of BOP/IIP back data.

As a result, data coverage for the ten years timespan needed for this year's Statistical Annex (2006-2015), improved considerably. Moreover, Eurostat has complemented Member States efforts by producing some estimates which were then approved by the concerned Member State. Thanks to those efforts, coverage has substantially increased, reaching full coverage for the Net international investment position and only one value missing for the three years average of the Current account balance. The only indicator where some past values are missing for years before 2010 is the Export market shares, mainly due to its definition which requires five years longer time series. Table 3 below summarise the improvement in coverage of the three Balance of Payments indicators.

Table 3. Data coverage of the three BOP headline indicators for ten annual values (in %)

Indicator	BPM6 data coverage
	2015	2016
Current account balance (% of GDP) – 3 years backward moving average	90.0	99.6
Net international investment position – % of GDP	91.1	100.0
Export market shares (% of world exports) – 5 years % change	78.9	96.8

Following the adoption of the new statistical standards and according to the Commission Regulation (EU) No 555/2012 , which entered into force on January 2014, some BOP series have been discontinued. Therefore, values for the MIP auxiliary indicator on Net external debt could not be made available for some countries (see Chapter 3, Table 3.28) neither according the BPM5 nor the BPM6 methodology.

Additional changes in 2016

Ireland’s Central Statistics Office (CSO) released on 12 July 2016 the new national accounts for 2015 with a large upward level shift of GDP by 26.3%. This was primarily due to the relocation to Ireland of a limited number of big economic operators and can be seen as an effect of increasing globalisation. This resulted not only in substantial changes to the indicators expressed as GDP ratios for 2015, but also affected other indicators, such as unit labour costs.

The level shift of GDP was consistent with the revision of BOP data largely on the back of higher net exports. Reflecting the large revision of net exports, the current account surplus was revised upward to 10.2% of GDP from 4.4% of GDP. The recording of new large direct and portfolio investments led to a significant deterioration of Ireland’s negative net international investment position (NIIP) to -208.0% of GDP from 69.6% of GDP.

In the context of ESA 2010 implementation, Hungary is refining its method of consolidating the data for non-financial corporations, specifically for holding-like units inside large resident corporation groups. This has a significant downward impact on the values for private debt and private credit flow.

In the domain of Financial Accounts Germany has revised its compilation of the monetary financial institutions, with an impact on the total financial sector liabilities indicator. Bulgaria has reclassified various enterprises between the institutional sectors of the economy, with an impact on private sector debt and credit flow, and total financial sector liabilities. For Estonia, some methodological improvements have been made to the data for 2011-2015 but not for earlier years.

The United Kingdom published in June 2016 a new House Price Index (HPI) which is calculated using new administrative data sources and methodology. The new HPI offers now full coverage of the UK housing market, improving on the previous ONS HPI which was calculated using only mortgage transactions. The new HPI also introduces improved methodology to address limitations with the previous house price indices published by Land Registry and ONS.

Ireland's house price index was revised in September 2016 principally because the data source has changed. Previously, the house price index was based on mortgage transaction data. Now the house price index is based on Stamp Duty returns matched with Building Energy Rating data, a national database of buildings and census small area population statistics. These new data sources extend the coverage of the house price index to cover all transactions in the state, mortgage-based and cash-based.

From 2014 France started extending the Labour Force Survey (LFS) to the new regions of Guadeloupe, Martinique, Guyane, La Réunion, and Mayotte. Due to the different situation of the labour market in these regions, breaks in the time series of the MIP indicators calculated on the LFS data may occur. The transition is not yet complete and not all indicators are available for the last 12 years according to the new geographical definitions.

Therefore the dissemination policy will differ among indicators depending on the availability of data according to the new definitions and the availability of back calculated series. Unemployment (by age groups) is available only for France including the additional regions, and back calculations are made available. As a consequence, and in line with last year's edition, the only option is to use the definition including DROM 1 for both MIP indicators unemployment rate and youth unemployment rate. However, for active population and long-term unemployment back calculated data are not available. Here the only option is to publish MIP activity rate and long term unemployment rate according to the old geographical definition.

The activity rate for metropolitan France in 2015 was 71.5%, the same indicator for France including the additional regions was 71.3%.

General Government Gross Debt data notified for the years 2012 to 2015 have been released on the 21st October 2016 within the EDP notification; Eurostat expressed reservations on reported data of Cyprus, Belgium and Hungary. For more information on reservations and main revisions between the April 2016 and the October 2016 notifications please see the latest EDP news release .

Improving the quality framework and ongoing work

The credibility of the MIP and its smooth implementation depends critically on the availability and quality of the MIP relevant statistics. The statistics used in the procedure have to be fit for the purpose, reliable and comparable among Member States and in time. For that reason, the scoreboard indicators are regularly reviewed; the underlying statistical methodology and the statistical production processes are constantly improved.

On several occasions since 2011 the ECOFIN 2 Council invited the Commission (Eurostat) to take all necessary initiatives to assure a reliable procedure for the compilation of these indicators as well as a continuous improvement of the underlying statistical information. At the same time, the Council invited the European Statistical System (ESS) and the European System of Central Banks (ESCB) to work together on improving underlying statistics and to ensure their comparability.

The statistics underlying the MIP indicators are based on EU legislation but compiled by the European Statistical System (ESS) and the European System of Central Banks (ESCB).
Following the three-level approach providing the frame for the work on quality assurance of the MIP indicators, in 2016 the following actions were performed:

Level 1: Preparation of an annual ESS-ESCB quality assessment report on MIP statistics by Eurostat and the ECB aimed at policy makers and the public at large addressing the reliability and comparability of the MIP related statistics and actions to address most relevant quality issues (second report prepared in 2016)

Level 2: Outline of the harmonization of the existing Quality Reports on Balance of Payments/International Investment Position produced by the ESS and the ESCB taking into account MIP requirements. In the area of National Accounts, a draft Commission Implementing Regulation on the modalities, structure, periodicity and assessment indicators of the quality reports on data transmitted under Regulation (EU) No 549/2013 is under consultation with a view of its adoption by the end of 2016. In addition the Commission (DG ECFIN), in its capacity as the compiler of the Real Effective Exchange Rate (REER) indicator, publishes quality information on real effective exchange rate indicators on its website 3  and a level 2 quality report on the Labour Force Survey is available on the Eurostat website.

Level 3: Development of condensed country specific self-assessment reports on the quality and statistical processes for statistics underlying the MIP indicators which are easily understandable by users. They should provide the basis for assuring the quality of the statistics and their comparability between countries. Member States are encouraged to publish such reports. In 2016 information for the statistical domains Balance of Payments, Financial Accounts, Housing Price statistics and the Labour Force Survey have been prepared for at least 27 countries. Technical work has been undertaken to facilitate the implementation of the ESA 2010 country quality reports in 2017.

Chapter 1: Tables by year - Headline indicators

Table 1.1: MIP Scoreboard 2015

Table 1.2: MIP Scoreboard 2014

Table 1.3: MIP Scoreboard 2013

Table 1.4: MIP Scoreboard 2012

Table 1.5: MIP Scoreboard 2011

Table 1.6: MIP Scoreboard 2010

Table 1.7: MIP Scoreboard 2009

Table 1.8: MIP Scoreboard 2008

Table 1.9: MIP Scoreboard 2007

Table 1.10: MIP Scoreboard 2006

Chapter 2: Tables by year - Auxiliary indicators used in the economic reading of the MIP scoreboard

Table 2.1: Auxiliary indicators, 2015

Table 2.1 (continued): Auxiliary indicators, 2015

Table 2.2: Auxiliary indicators, 2014

Table 2.2 (continued): Auxiliary indicators, 2014

Table 2.3: Auxiliary indicators, 2013

Table 2.3 (continued): Auxiliary indicators, 2013

Table 2.4: Auxiliary indicators, 2012

Table 2.4 (continued): Auxiliary indicators, 2012

Table 2.5: Auxiliary indicators, 2011

Table 2.5 (continued): Auxiliary indicators, 2011

Table 2.6: Auxiliary indicators, 2010

Table 2.6 (continued): Auxiliary indicators, 2010

Table 2.7: Auxiliary indicators, 2009

Table 2.7 (continued): Auxiliary indicators, 2009

Table 2.8: Auxiliary indicators, 2008

Table 2.8 (continued): Auxiliary indicators, 2008

Table 2.9: Auxiliary indicators, 2007

Table 2.9 (continued): Auxiliary indicators, 2007

Table 2.10: Auxiliary indicators, 2006

Table 2.10 (continued): Auxiliary indicators, 2006

Chapter 3: Tables by indicator

Table 3.1: Current account balance, % of GDP (3 year average)

Table 3.2: Current account balance (% of GDP)

Table 3.3: Net international investment position (% of GDP)

Table 3.4: Real effective exchange rate - 42 trading partners, HICP deflator (3 years % change)

Table 3.5: Real effective exchange rate - 42 trading partners, HICP deflator (1 year % change)

Table 3.6: Export market share - % of world exports (5 years % change)

Table 3.7: Export market share - % of world exports (1 year % change)

Table 3.8: Nominal unit labour cost index, 2010=100 (3 years % change)

Table 3.9: Nominal unit labour cost index, 2010=100 (1 year % change)

Table 3.10: House price index (2010=100), deflated (1 year % change)

Table 3.11: Private sector credit flow, consolidated (% of GDP)

Table 3.12: Private sector debt, consolidated (% of GDP)

Table 3.13: General government gross debt (% of GDP)

Table 3.14: Unemployment rate (3 year average)

Table 3.15: Unemployment rate (%)

Table 3.16: Total financial sector liabilities, non-consolidated (1 year % change)

Table 3.17: Total financial sector liabilities, non-consolidated (Millions NC)

Table 3.18: Activity rate - % of total population aged 15-64 (3 years change in p.p.)

Table 3.19: Activity rate - % of total population aged 15-64

Table 3.20: Long-term unemployment rate - % of active population aged 15-74 (3 years change in p.p.)

Table 3.21: Long-term unemployment rate - % of active population aged 15-74

Table 3.22: Youth unemployment rate - % of active population aged 15-24 (3 years change in p.p.)

Table 3.23: Youth unemployment rate - % of active population aged 15-24

Table 3.24: Real GDP (1 year % change)

Table 3.25: Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Table 3.26: Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (% of GDP)

Table 3.27: Current plus capital account - Net lending-borrowing (% of GDP)

Table 3.28: Net external debt (% of GDP)

Table 3.29: Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy - flows (% of GDP)

Table 3.30: Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy - stocks (% of GDP)

Table 3.31: Net trade balance of energy products (% of GDP)

Table 3.32: Real effective exchange rate - Euro Area trading partners (3 years % change)

Table 3.33: Export performance against advanced economies (5 years % change)

Table 3.34: Terms of trade (5 years % change)

Table 3.35: Export market share, volume (1 year % change)

Table 3.36: Real labour productivity (1 year % change)

Table 3.37: Nominal unit labour cost index, 2010=100 (10 years % change)

Table 3.38: Unit labour cost performance relative to EA (10 years % change)

Table 3.39: House price index (2010=100) - nominal (3 years % change)

Table 3.40: Residential construction (% of GDP)

Table 3.41: Private sector debt, non-consolidated (% of GDP)

Table 3.42: Financial sector leverage (debt-to-equity), non-consolidated (%)

Table 3.43: Employment rate (1 year % change)

Table 3.44: Young people neither in employment nor in education and training - % of total population aged 15-24

Table 3.45: People at risk of poverty or social exclusion - % of total population

Table 3.46: People at risk of poverty after social transfers - % of total population

Table 3.47: Severely materially deprived people - % of total population

Table 3.48: People living in households with very low work intensity - % of total population aged 0-59

Chapter 4: Tables by Member States - Headline indicators

Table 4.1: The MIP scoreboard for Belgium

Table 4.2: The MIP scoreboard for Bulgaria

Table 4.3: The MIP scoreboard for Czech Republic

Table 4.4: The MIP scoreboard for Denmark

Table 4.5: The MIP scoreboard for Germany

Table 4.6: The MIP scoreboard for Estonia

Table 4.7: The MIP scoreboard for Ireland

Table 4.8: The MIP scoreboard for Greece

Table 4.9: The MIP scoreboard for Spain

Table 4.10: The MIP scoreboard for France

Table 4.11: The MIP scoreboard for Croatia

Table 4.12: The MIP scoreboard for Italy

Table 4.13: The MIP scoreboard for Cyprus

Table 4.14: The MIP scoreboard for Latvia

Table 4.15: The MIP scoreboard for Lithuania

Table 4.16: The MIP scoreboard for Luxembourg

Table 4.17: The MIP scoreboard for Hungary

Table 4.18: The MIP scoreboard for Malta

Table 4.19: The MIP scoreboard for Netherlands

Table 4.20: The MIP scoreboard for Austria

Table 4.21: The MIP scoreboard for Poland

Table 4.22: The MIP scoreboard for Portugal

Table 4.23: The MIP scoreboard for Romania

Table 4.24: The MIP scoreboard for Slovenia

Table 4.25: The MIP scoreboard for Slovakia

Table 4.26: The MIP scoreboard for Finland

Table 4.27: The MIP scoreboard for Sweden

Table 4.28: The MIP scoreboard for United Kingdom

Chapter 5: Tables by Member States - Auxiliary indicators used in the economic reading of the MIP scoreboard

Table 5.1: Auxiliary indicators for Belgium

Table 5.1 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Belgium

Table 5.2: Auxiliary indicators for Bulgaria

Table 5.2 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Bulgaria

Table 5.3: Auxiliary indicators for Czech Republic

Table 5.3 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Czech Republic

Table 5.4: Auxiliary indicators for Denmark

Table 5.4 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Denmark

Table 5.5: Auxiliary indicators for Germany

Table 5.5 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Germany

Table 5.6: Auxiliary indicators for Estonia

Table 5.6 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Estonia

Table 5.7: Auxiliary indicators for Ireland

Table 5.7 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Ireland

Table 5.8: Auxiliary indicators for Greece

Table 5.8 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Greece

Table 5.9: Auxiliary indicators for Spain

Table 5.9 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Spain

Table 5.10: Auxiliary indicators for France

Table 5.10 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for France

Table 5.11: Auxiliary indicators for Croatia

Table 5.11 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Croatia

Table 5.12: Auxiliary indicators for Italy

Table 5.12 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Italy

Table 5.13: Auxiliary indicators for Cyprus

Table 5.13 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Cyprus

Table 5.14: Auxiliary indicators for Latvia

Table 5.14 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Latvia

Table 5.15: Auxiliary indicators for Lithuania

Table 5.15 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Lithuania

Table 5.16: Auxiliary indicators for Luxembourg

Table 5.16 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Luxembourg

Table 5.17: Auxiliary indicators for Hungary

Table 5.17 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Hungary

Table 5.18: Auxiliary indicators for Malta

Table 5.18 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Malta

Table 5.19: Auxiliary indicators for Netherlands

Table 5.19 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Netherlands

Table 5.20: Auxiliary indicators for Austria

Table 5.20 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Austria

Table 5.21: Auxiliary indicators for Poland

Table 5.21 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Poland

Table 5.22: Auxiliary indicators for Portugal

Table 5.22 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Portugal

Table 5.23: Auxiliary indicators for Romania

Table 5.23 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Romania

Table 5.24: Auxiliary indicators for Slovenia

Table 5.24 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Slovenia

Table 5.25: Auxiliary indicators for Slovakia

Table 5.25 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Slovakia

Table 5.26: Auxiliary indicators for Finland

Table 5.26 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Finland

Table 5.27: Auxiliary indicators for Sweden

Table 5.27 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Sweden

Table 5.28: Auxiliary indicators for United Kingdom

Table 5.28 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for United Kingdom

Chapter 6: Tables by year - MIP Scoreboard (base indicators)

Table 6.1: MIP Scoreboard (base indicators) 2015

Table 6.2: MIP Scoreboard (base indicators) 2014

Table 6.3: MIP Scoreboard (base indicators) 2013

Table 6.4: MIP Scoreboard (base indicators) 2012

Table 6.5: MIP Scoreboard (base indicators) 2011

Table 6.6: MIP Scoreboard (base indicators) 2010

Table 6.7: MIP Scoreboard (base indicators) 2009

Table 6.8: MIP Scoreboard (base indicators) 2008

Table 6.9: MIP Scoreboard (base indicators) 2007

Table 6.10: MIP Scoreboard (base indicators) 2006

(1)

The Overseas departments and Regions (DROM) are: Guadeloupe, Martinique, French Guiana, Reunion Island and Mayotte (since April 2011). They are territorial authorities integrated into the French Republic with the same capacity as the departments and regions in Metropolitan France"

(2)

ECOFIN – Economic and Financial Affairs Council

(3)

  http://ec.europa.eu/economy_finance/db_indicators/competitiveness/documents/quality_report_en.pdf