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Document 32016R1718
Commission Regulation (EU) 2016/1718 of 20 September 2016 amending Regulation (EU) No 582/2011 with respect to emissions from heavy-duty vehicles as regards the provisions on testing by means of portable emission measurement systems (PEMS) and the procedure for the testing of the durability of replacement pollution control devices (Text with EEA relevance)
Commission Regulation (EU) 2016/1718 of 20 September 2016 amending Regulation (EU) No 582/2011 with respect to emissions from heavy-duty vehicles as regards the provisions on testing by means of portable emission measurement systems (PEMS) and the procedure for the testing of the durability of replacement pollution control devices (Text with EEA relevance)
Commission Regulation (EU) 2016/1718 of 20 September 2016 amending Regulation (EU) No 582/2011 with respect to emissions from heavy-duty vehicles as regards the provisions on testing by means of portable emission measurement systems (PEMS) and the procedure for the testing of the durability of replacement pollution control devices (Text with EEA relevance)
C/2016/5847
OJ L 259, 27/09/2016, p. 1–41
(BG, ES, CS, DA, DE, ET, EL, EN, FR, HR, IT, LV, LT, HU, MT, NL, PL, PT, RO, SK, SL, FI, SV)
In force
- Date of document:
- 20/09/2016; Date of adoption
- Date of effect:
- 17/10/2016; Entry into force Date pub. +20 See Art 2
- Date of effect:
- 17/10/2016; Application Partial application See Art 2
- Date of effect:
- 01/01/2017; Application Partial application See Art 2
- Date of end of validity:
- 30/06/2031; Implicitly repealed by 32024R1257
- Author:
- European Commission
- Form:
- Regulation
- Additional information:
- EEA relevance
- Treaty:
- Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union
- Legal basis:
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- 32009R0595 - A04P3 32009R0595 - A05P4 32009R0595 - A12
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Relation Act Comment Subdivision concerned From To Modifies 32011R0582 Replacement annex I APP 4 paragraph 10 17/10/2016 Modifies 32011R0582 Replacement annex I APP 4 paragraph 11 17/10/2016 Modifies 32011R0582 Replacement annex I APP 4 paragraph 9 17/10/2016 Modifies 32011R0582 Replacement annex I APP 9 17/10/2016 Modifies 32011R0582 Replacement annex I point 1.1.2 17/10/2016 Modifies 32011R0582 Replacement annex I point 1.1.5 17/10/2016 Modifies 32011R0582 Replacement annex I point 3.1 17/10/2016 Modifies 32011R0582 Addition annex I point 3.2.1.1 17/10/2016 Modifies 32011R0582 Addition annex I point 3.2.1.2 17/10/2016 Modifies 32011R0582 Addition annex I point 3.2.1.3 17/10/2016 Modifies 32011R0582 Addition annex I point 3.2.1.4 17/10/2016 Modifies 32011R0582 Addition annex I point 3.2.1.5 17/10/2016 Modifies 32011R0582 Addition annex I point 3.2.1.6 17/10/2016 Modifies 32011R0582 Replacement annex I point 4.2 point (b) 17/10/2016 Modifies 32011R0582 Replacement annex II APP 1 point 1 17/10/2016 Modifies 32011R0582 Replacement annex II APP 1 point 2.2 sentence 17/10/2016 Modifies 32011R0582 Addition annex II APP 1 point 2.2.1 17/10/2016 Modifies 32011R0582 Replacement annex II APP 1 point 2.6.1 17/10/2016 Modifies 32011R0582 Replacement annex II APP 1 point 2.6.2 17/10/2016 Modifies 32011R0582 Replacement annex II APP 1 point 3.2.1 17/10/2016 Modifies 32011R0582 Replacement annex II APP 1 point 4.1 17/10/2016 Modifies 32011R0582 Replacement annex II APP 1 point 4.2.2 17/10/2016 Modifies 32011R0582 Replacement annex II APP 1 point 4.3.1 17/10/2016 Modifies 32011R0582 Replacement annex II APP 2 point 3.1 17/10/2016 Modifies 32011R0582 Replacement annex II point 2.1 17/10/2016 Modifies 32011R0582 Replacement annex II point 2.3 17/10/2016 Modifies 32011R0582 Replacement annex II point 4.1 17/10/2016 Modifies 32011R0582 Replacement annex II point 4.4.1 17/10/2016 Modifies 32011R0582 Replacement annex II point 4.4.2 17/10/2016 Modifies 32011R0582 Replacement annex II point 4.4.2.1 17/10/2016 Modifies 32011R0582 Replacement annex II point 4.4.3 17/10/2016 Modifies 32011R0582 Replacement annex II point 4.5 17/10/2016 Modifies 32011R0582 Replacement annex II point 4.5.1 17/10/2016 Modifies 32011R0582 Replacement annex II point 4.5.2 17/10/2016 Modifies 32011R0582 Replacement annex II point 4.5.3 17/10/2016 Modifies 32011R0582 Replacement annex II point 4.5.4 17/10/2016 Modifies 32011R0582 Replacement annex II point 4.5.5 17/10/2016 Modifies 32011R0582 Replacement annex II point 4.6.10 17/10/2016 Modifies 32011R0582 Replacement annex II point 4.6.5 17/10/2016 Modifies 32011R0582 Replacement annex II point 5.1.2.2 17/10/2016 Modifies 32011R0582 Addition annex VI APP 1 point 2.3 17/10/2016 Modifies 32011R0582 Replacement annex VI APP 1 point 3.1 17/10/2016 Modifies 32011R0582 Replacement annex VI point 8 17/10/2016 Modifies 32011R0582 Replacement annex XI APP 3 17/10/2016 Modifies 32011R0582 Addition annex XI APP 4 17/10/2016 Modifies 32011R0582 Addition annex XI APP 5 17/10/2016 Modifies 32011R0582 Addition annex XI APP 6 17/10/2016 Modifies 32011R0582 Addition annex XI APP 7 17/10/2016 Modifies 32011R0582 Addition annex XI APP 8 17/10/2016 Modifies 32011R0582 Replacement annex XI point 4.3.2.4 17/10/2016 Modifies 32011R0582 Replacement annex XI point 4.3.5 17/10/2016 Modifies 32011R0582 Addition annex XI point 4.6 17/10/2016 Modifies 32011R0582 Addition annex XI point 4.6.1 17/10/2016 Modifies 32011R0582 Addition annex XI point 4.6.2 17/10/2016 Modifies 32011R0582 Addition annex XI point 4.6.3 17/10/2016 Modifies 32011R0582 Addition annex XI point 4.6.4 17/10/2016 Modifies 32011R0582 Addition annex XI point 4.6.5 17/10/2016 Modifies 32011R0582 Replacement annex XIII point 2.1.2.2.1 17/10/2016 Modifies 32011R0582 Replacement annex XIII point 2.1.2.2.2 17/10/2016 Modifies 32011R0582 Replacement annex XIII point 8 17/10/2016 Modifies 32011R0582 Replacement annex XIII point 8.1 17/10/2016 Modifies 32011R0582 Replacement annex XIV point 2.2.1 17/10/2016 Modifies 32011R0582 Replacement annex XIV point 2.2.4 17/10/2016 Modifies 32011R0582 Repeal article 14 paragraph 3 17/10/2016 Modifies 32011R0582 Repeal article 15 paragraph 5 17/10/2016 Modifies 32011R0582 Addition article 17a 17/10/2016
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Relation Act Comment Subdivision concerned From To Corrected by 32016R1718R(01) (SL) Corrected by 32016R1718R(02) (ES) Implicitly repealed by 32024R1257 01/07/2031 - Instruments cited:
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27.9.2016 |
EN |
Official Journal of the European Union |
L 259/1 |
COMMISSION REGULATION (EU) 2016/1718
of 20 September 2016
amending Regulation (EU) No 582/2011 with respect to emissions from heavy-duty vehicles as regards the provisions on testing by means of portable emission measurement systems (PEMS) and the procedure for the testing of the durability of replacement pollution control devices
(Text with EEA relevance)
THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION,
Having regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,
Having regard to Regulation (EC) No 595/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 18 June 2009 on type-approval of motor vehicles and engines with respect to emissions from heavy-duty vehicles (Euro VI) and on access to vehicle repair and maintenance information and amending Regulation (EC) No 715/2007 and Directive 2007/46/EC and repealing Directives 80/1269/EEC, 2005/55/EC and 2005/78/EC (1), and in particular Article 4(3), Article 5(4) and Article 12 thereof,
Whereas:
|
(1) |
In-service conformity testing represents one of the building blocks of the type-approval procedure and allows for the verification of the performance of emission control systems during the useful lifetime of vehicles. In accordance with Commission Regulation (EU) No 582/2011 (2), the tests are performed by means of portable emission measurement systems (PEMS) which assess the emissions in the normal operations of use. The PEMS approach is equally applied to verify off-cycle emissions during the type-approval certification. |
|
(2) |
Regulation (EU) No 582/2011 states that any additional requirements with respect to the off-cycle in-use emissions testing procedure should be introduced after the assessment of the test procedure specified in that Regulation. |
|
(3) |
The Commission has therefore performed an in-depth analysis of the testing procedure. That analysis has identified a number of shortfalls which undermine the efficiency of the European type-approval legislation and need to be remedied in order to ensure the appropriate level of environmental protection. |
|
(4) |
Emission performance of vehicles in a warm-up period is currently not assessed under the type-approval demonstration test or under the in-service conformity test. In order to address the existing knowledge gap and to prepare a new testing procedure for cold start operations, a monitoring phase during which data from type-approval and in-service conformity tests will be collected should be launched. |
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(5) |
In accordance with Regulation (EU) No 582/2011, replacement pollution control devices are to be type-approved in accordance with Euro VI emission requirements once the specific durability testing requirements are introduced in that Regulation. |
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(6) |
It is therefore necessary to lay down a procedure which will properly assess the durability of those replacement parts entering the Union market and to ensure that they meet environmental requirements compatible with those set for similar systems produced as original vehicles' parts. |
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(7) |
A test procedure based on the accelerated ageing of replacement pollution control devices due to thermal and lubricant consumption effects meets the objective of addressing durability of replacement pollution control devices in an accurate and objective manner and is not excessively burdensome for the industry. |
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(8) |
Regulation (EU) No 582/2011 sets out requirements related to the measures that need to be introduced by vehicle manufacturers in order to prevent tampering with emission control systems. Those requirements should effectively address the most common means of tampering without imposing an excessive burden on the industry. |
|
(9) |
References to international standards in Regulation (EU) No 582/2011 should be updated. |
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(10) |
In order to ensure a sufficient lead time for the vehicle manufacturers to modify their products in accordance with the new requirement on the power threshold, that requirement should take effect on 1 September 2018 for new types and on 1 September 2019 for all new vehicles. |
|
(11) |
It is appropriate that the new requirements for the in-service testing do not apply retroactively to engines and vehicles which have not been approved in accordance with those requirements. Therefore, the new provisions set out in Annex II shall only apply to the in-service conformity testing of new types of engines and vehicles which have been approved in accordance with the amended version of the Regulation (EU) No 582/2011. |
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(12) |
Regulation (EU) No 582/2011 should therefore be amended accordingly. |
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(13) |
The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Technical Committee — Motor vehicles, |
HAS ADOPTED THIS REGULATION:
Article 1
Regulation (EU) No 582/2011 is amended as follows:
|
(1) |
in Article 14, paragraph 3 is deleted; |
|
(2) |
in Article 15, paragraph 5 is deleted; |
|
(3) |
the following Article 17a is inserted: ‘Article 17a Transitional provisions for certain type-approvals and certificates of conformity 1. With effect from 1 September 2018, national authorities shall refuse, on grounds relating to emissions, to grant EC type-approval or national type-approval in respect of new types of vehicles or engines tested using procedures which do not comply with points 4.2.2.2 and 4.2.2.2.1 and 4.2.2.2.2 and 4.3.1.2 and 4.3.1.2.1 and 4.3.1.2.2 of Appendix 1 to Annex II. 2. With effect from 1 September 2019, national authorities shall, in the case of new vehicles which do not comply with points 4.2.2.2 and 4.2.2.2.1 and 4.2.2.2.2 and 4.3.1.2 and 4.3.1.2.1 and 4.3.1.2.2 of Appendix 1 to Annex II, consider certificates of conformity issued in respect of those vehicles to be no longer valid for the purposes of Article 26 of Directive 2007/46/EC and shall, on grounds relating to emissions, prohibit the registration, sale and entry into service of such vehicles. With effect from 1 September 2019 and except in the case of replacement engines for in-service vehicles, national authorities shall prohibit the sale or use of new engines which do not comply with points 4.2.2.2 and 4.2.2.2.1 and 4.3.1.2 and 4.3.1.2.1 of Appendix 1 to Annex II.’; |
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(4) |
Annex I is amended in accordance with Annex I to this Regulation; |
|
(5) |
Annex II is amended in accordance with Annex II to this Regulation; |
|
(6) |
Annex VI is amended in accordance with Annex III to this Regulation; |
|
(7) |
Annex XI is amended in accordance with Annex IV to this Regulation; |
|
(8) |
Annex XIII is amended in accordance with Annex V to this Regulation; |
|
(9) |
Annex XIV is amended in accordance with Annex VI to this Regulation. |
Article 2
This Regulation shall enter into force on the twentieth day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.
With the exception of point 8(c), which shall apply to all vehicles as from the entry into force of this Regulation, Annex II shall apply from 1 January 2017 to new vehicle types.
This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in the Member States in accordance with the Treaties.
Done at Brussels, 20 September 2016.
For the Commission
The President
Jean-Claude JUNCKER
(1) OJ L 188, 18.7.2009, p. 1.
(2) Commission Regulation (EU) No 582/2011 of 25 May 2011 implementing and amending Regulation (EC) No 595/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council with respect to emissions from heavy duty vehicles (Euro VI) and amending Annexes I and III to Directive 2007/46/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council (OJ L 167, 25.6.2011, p. 1).
ANNEX I
Annex I to Regulation (EU) No 582/2011 is amended as follows:
|
(1) |
point 1.1.2 is replaced by the following:
(*1) Directive 98/70/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 October 1998 relating to the quality of petrol and diesel fuels and amending Council Directive 93/12/EEC (OJ L 350, 28.12.1998, p. 58).’;" |
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(2) |
point 1.1.5 is replaced by the following:
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|
(3) |
point 3.1 is replaced by the following:
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|
(4) |
the following points 3.2.1.1 to 3.2.1.6 are inserted:
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(5) |
in point 4.2, point (b) is replaced by the following:
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(6) |
in Appendix 4, the ninth, tenth and eleventh paragraphs are replaced by the following: ‘In the case of application for EC type-approval of an engine or engine family as a separate technical unit the general part and Parts 1 and 3 shall be filled in. In the case of application for EC type-approval of vehicle with an approved engine with regard to emissions and access to vehicle repair and maintenance information the general part and Part 2 shall be filled in. In the case of application for EC type-approval of a vehicle with regard to emissions and access to vehicle repair and maintenance information the general part and Parts 1, 2 and 3 shall be filled in.’; |
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(7) |
Appendix 9 is replaced by the following: ‘Appendix 9 EC Type-Approval Certification Numbering System Section 3 of the EC type-approval number issued according to Articles 6(1), 8(1) and 10(1) shall be composed by the number of the implementing regulatory act or the latest amending regulatory act applicable to the EC type-approval. The number shall be followed by an alphabetical character reflecting the requirements of OBD and SCR systems in accordance with Table 1. Table 1
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(*1) Directive 98/70/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 October 1998 relating to the quality of petrol and diesel fuels and amending Council Directive 93/12/EEC (OJ L 350, 28.12.1998, p. 58).’;’
(1) “NOx OTL” monitoring requirements as set out in Table 1 of Annex X for compression ignition and dual-fuel engines and vehicles and Table 2 of Annex X for positive ignition engines and vehicles.
(2) “PM OTL” monitoring requirements as set out in Table 1 of Annex X for compression ignition and dual-fuel engines and vehicles.
(3) “Performance monitoring” requirements as set out in point 2.1.1 of Annex X.
(4) Reagent quality “phase-in” requirements as set out in point 7.1 of Annex XIII.
(5) Reagent quality “general” requirements as set out in point 7.1.1 of Annex XIII.
(6) “CO OTL” monitoring requirements as set out in Table 2 of Annex X for positive ignition engines and vehicles.
(7) IUPR “Phase-in” requirements as set out in Section 6 of Annex X.
(8) IUPR “General” requirements as set out in Section 6 of Annex X.
(9) For positive-ignition engines and vehicles equipped with such engines.
(10) For compression-ignition and dual-fuel engines and vehicles equipped with such engines.
(11) Only applicable to positive-ignition engines and vehicles equipped with such engines.
(12) Additional provisions concerning monitoring requirements as set out in paragraph 2.3.1.2 of Annex 9A to UNECE Regulation No 49.
(13) IUPR specifications are set out in Annex X. Positive Ignition engines and vehicles equipped with such engines are not subjected to IUPR.
(14) ISC requirement set out in Appendix 1 to Annex II.
ANNEX II
Annex II to Regulation (EU) No 582/2011 is amended as follows:
|
(1) |
point 2.1 is replaced by the following:
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(2) |
point 2.3 is replaced by the following:
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(3) |
point 4.1 is replaced by the following: ‘4.1. Vehicle payload Normal payload is a payload between 10 and 100 % of the maximum payload. The maximum payload is the difference between technically permissible maximum laden mass of the vehicle and the mass of the vehicle in running order as specified in accordance to Annex I to Directive 2007/46/EC. For the purpose of in-service conformity testing, the payload may be reproduced and an artificial load may be used. Approval authorities may request to test the vehicle with any payload between 10 and 100 % of the maximum vehicle payload. In case the mass of the PEMS equipment needed for operation exceeds 10 % of the maximum vehicle payload this mass may be considered as minimum payload. Vehicles of category N3 shall be tested, when applicable, with a semi-trailer.’; |
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(4) |
points 4.4.1 to 4.5.5 are replaced by the following: 4.4.1. The test lubricating oil shall be market oil and must comply with the specifications of the engine manufacturer. Oil samples shall be taken. 4.4.2. Fuel The test fuel shall be market fuel covered by Directive 98/70/EC and relevant CEN standards or reference fuel as specified in Annex IX to this Regulation. Fuel samples shall be taken. A manufacturer may request not to sample the fuel from a gas engine. 4.4.2.1. If the manufacturer has, in accordance with Section 1 of Annex I to this Regulation, declared the capability to meet the requirements of this Regulation on market fuels declared in point 3.2.2.2.1 of the Information Document as set out in Appendix 4 to Annex I to this Regulation, at least one test shall be conducted on each of the declared market fuels. 4.4.3. For exhaust after-treatment systems that use a reagent to reduce emissions, the reagent shall be market reagent and must comply with the specifications of the engine manufacturer. A sample of the reagent shall be taken. The reagent shall not be frozen. 4.5. Trip requirements The shares of operation shall be expressed as a percentage of the total trip duration. The trip shall consist of urban driving followed by rural and motorway driving according to the shares specified in points 4.5.1 to 4.5.4. Where another testing order is justified for practical reasons and after the agreement of the approval authority another order may be used, however, the test shall always start with the urban driving. For the purpose of this Section, ‘approximately’ shall mean the target value ± 5 %. Urban, rural and motorway parts can be determined either on the basis of:
In case the trip composition is determined on the basis of geographical coordinates, the vehicle should not exceed, for a cumulative period longer than 5 % of the total duration of each part of the trip, the following speed:
In case the trip composition is determined by means of the first acceleration method, the first acceleration above 55 km/h (70 km/h in the case of vehicles of categories M1 and N1) shall indicate the beginning of the rural part and the first acceleration above 75 km/h (90 km/h in the case of vehicles of categories M1 and N1) shall indicate the beginning of the motorway part. The criteria for differentiation between urban, rural and motorway operation shall be agreed with the approval authority prior to the beginning of the test. Average speed in urban operation shall be between 15 and 30 km/h. Average speed in rural operation shall be between 45 and 70 km/h (60 and 90 km/h in the case of vehicles of categories M1 and N1). Average speed in motorway operation shall be above 70 km/h (90 km/h in the case of vehicles of categories M1 and N1). 4.5.1. For M1 and N1 vehicles the trip shall consist of approximately 34 % urban, 33 % rural and 33 % motorway operation. 4.5.2. For N2, M2 and M3 vehicles the trip shall consist of approximately 45 % urban, 25 % rural and 30 % motorway operation. M2 and M3 vehicles of Class I, II or Class A as defined in UN/ECE Regulation 107 shall be tested in approximately 70 % urban and 30 % rural operation. 4.5.3. For N3 vehicles the trip shall consist of approximately 20 % urban, 25 % rural and 55 % motorway operation. 4.5.4. For the purpose of the assessment of the trip composition, the duration of the share shall be calculated from the moment when the coolant temperature has reached 343 K (70 °C) for the first time or after the coolant temperature is stabilised within +/– 2 K over a period of 5 minutes whichever comes first but no later than 15 minutes after engine start. In accordance with paragraph 4.5 the period elapsed to reach the coolant temperature of 343 K (70 °C) shall be operated under urban driving conditions. Artificial warming-up of the emission control systems prior to the test is prohibited. 4.5.5. The following distribution of the characteristic trip values from the WHDC database may serve as additional guidance for the evaluation of the trip:
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(5) |
point 4.6.5 is replaced by the following:
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(6) |
point 4.6.10 is replaced by the following:
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(7) |
point 5.1.2.2 is replaced by the following:
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(8) |
Appendix 1 is amended as follows:
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(9) |
in Appendix 2, point 3.1 is replaced by the following: ‘3.1. Exhaust gas flow meter (EFM) tailpipe connection The installation of the EFM shall not increase the backpressure by more than the value recommended by the engine manufacturer, nor increase the length of the tailpipe by more than 2 m. As for the all the components of the PEMS equipment, the installation of the EFM shall comply with the locally applicable road safety regulations and insurance requirements.’. |
ANNEX III
Annex VI to Regulation (EU) No 582/2011 is amended as follows:
|
(1) |
point 8 is replaced by the following: ‘8. DOCUMENTATION Paragraph 11 of Annex 10 to UNECE Regulation No 49 shall be understood as follows:
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(2) |
Appendix 1 is amended as follows:
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ANNEX IV
Annex XI to Regulation (EU) No 582/2011 is amended as follows:
|
(1) |
point 4.3.2.4 is replaced by the following: ‘4.3.2.4. Durability of emissions performance The exhaust after-treatment system tested in accordance with point 4.3.2.2 and incorporating the replacement pollution control device shall be subjected to the durability procedures described in Appendix 3.’; |
|
(2) |
the following point 4.3.5 is inserted: ‘4.3.5. Fuels In the case described in point 1.1.2 of Annex I, the test procedure laid down in points 4.3.1 to 4.3.2.7 of this Annex shall be conducted with the fuels declared by the manufacturer of the original engine system. However, in agreement with the type-approval authority, the durability procedure set out in Appendix 3 and referred to in point 4.3.2.4 may be performed only with the fuel which represents the worst case in terms of ageing.’; |
|
(3) |
the following points 4.6 to 4.6.5 are inserted: ‘4.6. Requirements regarding compatibility with the NOx control measures (applicable only to replacement pollution control devices to be fitted to vehicles equipped with sensors directly measuring NOx concentration in the exhaust) 4.6.1. NOx control measures compatibility demonstration is required only when the original pollution control device was monitored in the original configuration. 4.6.2. The compatibility of the replacement pollution control device with the NOx control measures shall be demonstrated by using the procedures described in Annex XIII to this Regulation, for replacement pollution control devices intended to be fitted to engines or vehicles type-approved in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 595/2009 and this Regulation. 4.6.3. The provisions in UN/ECE Regulation No 49 applicable to components other than pollution control devices shall not apply. 4.6.4. The replacement pollution control device manufacturer may use the same preconditioning and test procedure as used during the original type-approval. In that case, the approval authority which granted original type-approval of an engine of a vehicle shall provide, on request and on a non-discriminatory basis, an information document presented as an appendix to the Information Document provided for in Appendix 4 to Annex I, which contains the number and type of preconditioning cycles and the type of test cycle used by the original equipment manufacturer for NOx control measures testing of the pollution control device. 4.6.5. Point 4.5.5 shall apply to NOx control measures monitored by the OBD system.’; |
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(4) |
Appendix 3 is replaced by the following: ‘Appendix 3 Durability procedure for evaluation of emissions performance of a replacement pollution control device 1. This Appendix sets out the durability procedure referred to in point 4.3.2.4 of Annex XI, for the purpose of evaluating the emissions performance of a replacement pollution control device. 2. DESCRIPTION OF THE DURABILITY PROCEDURE 2.1. The durability procedure shall consist of a data collection phase and a service accumulation schedule. 2.2. Data collection phase 2.2.1. The selected engine, equipped with the complete exhaust after-treatment system incorporating the replacement pollution control device, shall be cooled down to ambient temperature and run one cold start WHTC test-cycle in accordance with paragraphs 7.6.1 and 7.6.2 of Annex 4 to UN/ECE Regulation No 49. 2.2.2. Immediately after the cold start WHTC test-cycle, the engine shall be run for nine consecutive hot start WHTC test-cycles in accordance with paragraph 7.6.4 of Annex 4 to UN/ECE Regulation No 49. 2.2.3. The test sequence set out in points 2.2.1 and 2.2.2 shall be carried out in accordance with the instructions laid down in paragraph 7.6.5 of Annex 4 to UN/ECE Regulation No 49. 2.2.4. Alternatively, the relevant data can be collected by driving a fully loaded vehicle equipped with the selected exhaust after-treatment system incorporating the replacement pollution control device. The test can be carried out either on the road following the trip requirements of points 4.5 to 4.5.5 of Annex II to this Regulation with comprehensive recording of the driving data, or on a suitable chassis dynamometer. If an on-road test is chosen, the vehicle shall be driven over a cold test-cycle, as set out in Appendix 5 to this Annex, followed by nine hot test-cycles, identical to the cold one, in a way that the work developed by the engine is the same as the one achieved under points 2.2.1 and 2.2.2. If a chassis dynamometer is chosen, the simulated road gradient of the test-cycle in Appendix 5 shall be adapted to match the work developed by the engine over the WHTC. 2.2.5. The type-approval authority shall refuse the temperature data obtained under point 2.2.4 if it deems those data to be unrealistic and shall request either the repetition of the test, or the carrying out of a test pursuant to points 2.2.1, 2.2.2 and 2.2.3. 2.2.6. Temperatures in the replacement pollution control device shall be recorded during the whole test sequence, at the location with the highest temperature. 2.2.7. In cases where the location with the highest temperature varies over time, or where that location is difficult to define, multiple bed temperatures should be recorded at suitable locations. 2.2.8. The number and locations of the temperature measurements shall be selected by the manufacturer, in agreement with the type-approval authority, based on best engineering judgement. 2.2.9. With the agreement of the type-approval authority, a single catalyst bed temperature or the catalyst inlet temperature may be used if measuring multiple bed temperatures is proven to be unfeasible or too difficult. Figure 1 Example of temperature sensors location in a generic after-treatment device 
radial inlet inlet Figure 2 Example of temperature sensors location for DPF 
Inlet Outlet Radial Outlet 2.2.10. The temperatures shall be measured and recorded at a minimum rate of once every second (1 Hz) during the test sequence. 2.2.11. The measured temperatures shall be tabulated into a histogram with temperature bins no larger than 10 °C. In the case mentioned in point 2.2.7, the highest temperature each second shall be the one recorded in the histogram. Each bar of the histogram shall represent the cumulated frequency in seconds of the measured temperatures falling in the specific bin. 2.2.12. The time in hours corresponding to each temperature bin must be determined and then extrapolated to the useful life of the replacement pollution control device, in accordance with the values specified in Table 1. The extrapolation shall be based on the assumption that one WHTC cycle corresponds to 20 km driving. Table 1 Useful life of the replacement pollution control device for each vehicle category, and equivalent WHTC test-cycles and hours of operation
2.2.13. It is allowed to perform the data collection phase for different devices at the same time. 2.2.14. In the case of systems operating in the presence of active regeneration, the number, length and temperatures of the regenerations occurring during the test sequence defined in points 2.2.1 and 2.2.2 shall be recorded. If no active regeneration has occurred, the hot sequence defined in point 2.2.2 shall be extended in order to include at least two active regenerations. 2.2.15. The total lubricant consumed during the data collection period, in g/h, shall be recorded, using any suitable method, as for example the drain and weigh procedure described in Appendix 6. For this purpose, the engine shall be run during 24 hours, performing consecutive WHTC test-cycles. In cases where an accurate measurement of oil consumption cannot be obtained, the manufacturer, in agreement with the type-approval authority, may use the following options for the determination of the lubricant consumption:
2.3. Calculation of the equivalent ageing time corresponding to a reference temperature 2.3.1. The temperatures recorded pursuant to points 2.2 to 2.2.15 shall be reduced to a reference temperature Tr , requested by the manufacturer in agreement with the type-approval authority, within the range of the temperatures recorded during the data collection phase. 2.3.2. In the case specified in point 2.2.13, the value of Tr for each one of the devices may vary. 2.3.3. The equivalent ageing time corresponding to the reference temperature shall be calculated, for each bin referred to in 2.2.11, in accordance with the following equation: Equation 1:
Where: R = thermal reactivity of the replacement pollution control device. The following values shall be used:
Tr = reference temperature, in K.
i = bin number, where 1 is number for the bin with the lowest temperature and n the value for the bin with the highest temperature. 2.3.4. The total equivalent ageing time shall be calculated in accordance with the following equation: Equation 2:
Where:
AT
= total equivalent ageing time, in hours, needed to achieve, by exposing the replacement pollution control device at the temperature Tr
, the same amount of ageing as the one that would result from exposure of the replacement pollution control device, over its useful life, to the temperature
i = bin number, where 1 is number for the bin with the lowest temperature and n the value for the bin with the highest temperature. n = Total number of temperature bins. 2.3.5. In the case referred to in point 2.2.13, AT shall be calculated for each device. 2.4. Service accumulation schedule 2.4.1. General requirements 2.4.1.1. The service accumulation schedule shall allow acceleration of the ageing of the replacement pollution control device, using the information gathered during the data collection phase set out in point 2.2. 2.4.1.2. The service accumulation schedule shall consist of a thermal accumulation schedule and a lubricant consumption accumulation schedule in accordance with point 2.4.4.6. The manufacturer, in agreement with the type-approval authority, may not have to carry out a lubricant consumption accumulation schedule in case the replacement pollution control devices are placed downstream of an after-treatment filter component (e.g. diesel particulate filter). Both the thermal accumulation schedule and the lubricant consumption accumulation schedule shall consist of a repetition of, respectively, a series of thermal and lubricant consumption sequences. 2.4.1.3. In the case of replacement pollution control devices operating in the presence of active regeneration, the thermal sequence shall be complemented with an active regeneration mode. 2.4.1.4. For service accumulation schedules consisting of both thermal and lubricant consumption accumulation schedules, their respective sequences shall be alternated, so that for each thermal sequence that has to be performed, the following sequence corresponds to lubricant consumption. 2.4.1.5. It is allowed to perform the service accumulation schedule at the same time for different devices. In that case, a single service accumulation schedule shall be set for all the devices. 2.4.2. Thermal accumulation schedule 2.4.2.1. The thermal accumulation schedule shall simulate the effect of thermal ageing on the performance of a replacement pollution control device until the end of its lifetime. 2.4.2.2. The engine used for the performance of the service accumulation schedule, fitted with the exhaust after-treatment system incorporating the replacement pollution control device, is operated for a minimum of three consecutive thermal sequences, as set out in Appendix 4. 2.4.2.3. The temperatures shall be recorded over a minimum of two thermal sequences. The first sequence, conducted for warming up, shall not be taken into account for the purpose of temperature gathering. 2.4.2.4. The temperatures shall be recorded at suitable locations, chosen in accordance with points 2.2.6 to 2.2.9, at a minimum rate of once every second (1 Hz). 2.4.2.5. The effective ageing time corresponding to the thermal sequences referred to in point 2.4.2.3, shall be calculated in accordance with the following equations:
Where:
Ti = the temperature, in K, measured in the second i, in each one of the thermal sequences. R = thermal reactivity of the replacement pollution control device. The manufacturer shall agree with the type-approval authority on the R value to be used. It will also be possible, as alternative, to use the following default values:
Tr = reference temperature, in K, being the same value as in equation 1. AE = Effective ageing time, in hours, needed to achieve, by exposing the replacement pollution control device at the temperature Tr , the same amount of ageing as the one that would result from exposure of the replacement pollution control device during the duration of the thermal sequence.
AT
= total equivalent ageing time, in hours, needed to achieve, by exposing the replacement pollution control device at the temperature Tr
, the same amount of ageing as the one that would result from exposure of the replacement pollution control device, over its useful life, to the temperature i = number of temperature measurement. p = total number of temperature measurements. nc = thermal sequence number, of those conducted for the purpose of temperature gathering, in accordance with point 2.4.2.3. C = total number of thermal sequences conducted for the purpose of temperature gathering. 2.4.2.6. The total number of thermal sequences to be included in the service accumulation schedule shall be determined by applying the following equation: Equation 5: NTS = AT/AE Where: NTS = total number of thermal sequences to be carried out during the service accumulation schedule
AT
= total equivalent ageing time, in hours, needed to achieve, by exposing the replacement pollution control device at the temperature Tr
, the same amount of ageing as the one that would result from exposure of the replacement pollution control device, over its useful life, to the temperature AE = Effective ageing time, in hours, needed to achieve, by exposing the replacement pollution control device at the temperature Tr , the same amount of ageing as the one that would result from exposure of the replacement pollution control device during the duration of the thermal sequence. 2.4.2.7. It is allowed to reduce NTS and, consequently the service accumulation schedule, by increasing the temperatures at which each device is exposed at each mode of the ageing cycle through the application of one or several of the following measures:
2.4.2.8. When applying the measures referred to in points 2.4.4.6 and 2.4.4.7, the total ageing time calculated from NTS shall not be less than 10 % of the useful life listed in Table 1, e.g. the vehicle category N1 shall not have an NTS of less than 286 thermal sequences, assuming that each sequence is 1 hour long. 2.4.2.9. It is allowed to increase NTS and, consequently, the duration of the service accumulation schedule, by lowering the temperatures at each mode of the ageing cycle through the application of one or several of the following measures:
2.4.2.10. In the case referred to in point 2.4.1.5, the following shall apply:
2.4.2.11. In the case of an assembly of replacement pollution control devices constituting a system within the meaning of Article 3(25) of Directive 2007/46/EC, one of the following two options may be considered for the thermal ageing of the devices:
2.4.3. Modified thermal accumulation schedule for devices operating in the presence of active regeneration 2.4.3.1. The modified thermal accumulation schedule for devices operating in the presence of active regeneration shall simulate the effect of ageing due to both thermal load and active regeneration on a replacement pollution control device at the end of its lifetime. 2.4.3.2. The engine used for the service accumulation schedule, fitted with the exhaust after-treatment system incorporating the replacement pollution control device, is operated for a minimum of three modified thermal sequences, consisting each sequence of a thermal sequence as set out in Appendix 4, followed by a complete active regeneration, during which the peak temperature reached in the after-treatment system should be not lower than the peak temperature recorded in the data collection phase. 2.4.3.3. The temperatures shall be recorded over a minimum of two modified thermal sequences. The first sequence, conducted for warming up, shall not be taken into account for the purpose of temperature gathering. 2.4.3.4. In order to minimise the time elapsed between the thermal sequence as set out in Appendix 4 and the subsequent active regeneration, the manufacturer may artificially trigger the active regeneration by running, after each thermal sequence as set out in Appendix 4, the engine at a steady mode that enables a high production of soot by the engine. In that case, the steady mode shall also be considered as part of the modified thermal sequence set out in point 2.4.3.2. 2.4.3.5. The effective ageing time corresponding to each modified thermal sequence shall be calculated using equations 3 and 4. 2.4.3.6. The total number of modified thermal sequences to be conducted during the service accumulation schedule shall be calculated using equation 5. 2.4.3.7. It is allowed to reduce NTS , and consequently the duration of the service accumulation schedule, by increasing the temperatures at each mode of the modified thermal sequence, applying one or several of the measures set out in point 2.4.2.7. 2.4.3.8. In addition to the measures referred to in point 2.4.3.7, NTS can also be reduced by increasing the peak temperature of the active regeneration within the modified thermal sequence, without exceeding a bed temperature of 800 °C under any circumstances. 2.4.3.9. NTS shall never be less than 50 % of the number of active regenerations to which the replacement pollution control device is subjected during its useful life, calculated in accordance with the following equation: Equation 5:
Where: NAR = number of active regeneration sequences over the useful life of the replacement pollution control device. tWHTC = equivalent number of hours corresponding to the vehicle category for which the replacement pollution control device is intended, obtained from Table 1. tAR = duration, in hours, of an active regeneration. tBAR = time, in hours, between two consecutive active regenerations. 2.4.3.10. If, as consequence of the application of the minimum number of modified thermal sequences as set out in point 2.4.3.9, AE × NTS calculated using equation 4 exceeds the AT calculated using equation 2, the time of each mode of the thermal sequence set out in Appendix 4, and embedded in the modified thermal sequence as set out in point 2.4.3.2, may be reduced in the same proportion, in order to make AE × NTS = AT. 2.4.3.11. It is allowed to increase NTS and consequently the duration of the service accumulation schedule, by lowering the temperatures at each mode of the thermal-active regeneration sequence by applying one or several of the measures set out in point 2.4.2.9. 2.4.3.12. In the case referred to in point 2.4.1.5, points 2.4.2.10 and 2.4.2.11 shall apply 2.4.4. Lubricant consumption accumulation schedule 2.4.4.1. The lubricant consumption accumulation schedule shall simulate the effect of ageing due to chemical poisoning or deposit formation as a result of lubricant consumption, on the performance of a replacement pollution control device at the end of its lifetime. 2.4.4.2. The lubricant consumed, in g/h, shall be determined over a minimum of 24 thermal sequences or a corresponding number of modified thermal sequences, using any suitable method, as for example the drain and weigh procedure described in Appendix 6. Fresh lubricant shall be used. 2.4.4.3. The engine shall be equipped with a constant volume oil sump in order to avoid the need of “top-offs”, since oil level influences the oil consumption rate. Any suitable method, as for example the one described in the ASTM standard D7156-09, may be used. 2.4.4.4. The theoretical time, in hours, that the thermal accumulation schedule or modified thermal accumulation schedule, as it corresponds, would have to be conducted, in order to obtain the same lubricant consumption as the one corresponding to the useful life of the replacement control device, shall be calculated by applying the following equation: Equation 6:
Where: tTAS = theoretical duration, in hours, of the service accumulation schedule required to obtain the same lubricant consumption as the one corresponding to the useful life of the replacement pollution control device, provided that the service accumulation schedule is only made up of a series of consecutive thermal sequences or consecutive modified thermal sequences. LCRWHTC = lubricant consumption rate, in g/h determined as set out in point 2.2.15. tWHTC = equivalent number of hours corresponding to the vehicle category for which the replacement pollution control device is intended, obtained from Table 1. LCRTAS = lubricant consumption rate, in g/h, determined as set out in point 2.4.4.2. 2.4.4.5. The number of thermal sequences or modified thermal sequences corresponding to tTAS shall be calculated by applying the following ratio: Equation 7:
Where: N = number of thermal sequences or modified thermal sequences corresponding to tTAS . tTAS = theoretical duration, in hours, of the service accumulation schedule required to obtain the same lubricant consumption as the one corresponding to the useful life of the replacement pollution control device, provided that the service accumulation schedule was only made up of a series of consecutive thermal sequences or consecutive modified thermal sequences. tTS = duration, in hours, of a single thermal sequence or modified thermal sequence. 2.4.4.6. The value of N shall be compared to the value of NTS calculated in accordance with point 2.4.2.6 or, for devices operating in the presence of active regeneration, in accordance with point 2.4.3.5. If N ≤ NTS , it is not necessary to add a lubricant consumption accumulation schedule to the thermal accumulation schedule. If N > NTS , a lubricant consumption accumulation schedule shall be added to the thermal accumulation schedule. 2.4.4.7. A lubricant consumption accumulation schedule may not have to be added if, by increasing the lubricant consumption as described in point 2.4.4.8.4, the needed lubricant consumption is already achieved with the conduction of the corresponding thermal accumulation schedule consisting of the performance of NTS thermal sequences or modified thermal sequences. 2.4.4.8. Development of the lubricant consumption accumulation schedule 2.4.4.8.1. The lubricant consumption accumulation schedule shall consist of a number of lubricant consumption sequences repeated several times, each lubricant consumption sequence being alternated with each thermal sequence or each modified thermal sequence. 2.4.4.8.2. Each lubricant consumption sequence shall consist of a steady mode at constant load and speed, the load and the speed being selected in such a way that the lubricant consumption is maximised and effective thermal aging is minimised. The mode shall be determined by the manufacturer in agreement with the type-approval authority, based on best engineering judgement. 2.4.4.8.3. The duration of each lubricant consumption sequence shall be determined as follows:
2.4.4.8.4. The lubricant consumption rate shall always remain below 0,5 % of the engine fuel consumption rate in order to avoid excessive ash accumulation on the front face of the replacement pollution control device. 2.4.4.8.5. It is allowed to add the thermal ageing due to the conduction of the lubricant consumption sequence to the AE calculated in equation 4. 2.4.5. Development of the complete service accumulation schedule 2.4.5.1. The service accumulation schedule shall be built up alternating a thermal or a modified thermal sequence, as appropriate, with a lubricant consumption sequence. The aforementioned pattern shall be repeated NTS times, being the NTS value the one calculated either in accordance with Section 2.4.2 or with Section 2.4.3, as appropriate. An example of a complete service accumulation schedule is given in Appendix 7. A flowchart describing the development of a complete service accumulation schedule is given in Appendix 8. 2.4.6. Operation of the service accumulation schedule 2.4.6.1. The engine, fitted with the exhaust after-treatment system incorporating the replacement pollution control device, shall run the service accumulation schedule set out in point 2.4.5.1. 2.4.6.2. The engine used for the performance of the service accumulation schedule may be different to the engine used in the data collection phase, being the latter always the one for which the replacement pollution control device to be type-approved has been designed, and the one to be tested for emissions under point 2.4.3.2. 2.4.6.3. If the engine used for the performance of the service accumulation schedule features a larger displacement by 20 % or more than the engine used in the data collection phase, the exhaust system of the former should be equipped with a by-pass in order to replicate as closely as possible the exhaust flow rate of the latter at the ageing conditions selected. 2.4.6.4. In the case referred to in point 2.4.6.2, the engine used for the performance of the service accumulation schedule shall be type-approved under Regulation (EC) No 595/2009. In addition, if the device or devices under test are intended for being fitted in an engine system with exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), the engine system used for the service accumulation schedule shall also be fitted with an EGR. If the device or devices under test are intended for not being fitted in an engine system with EGR, the engine system used for the service accumulation schedule shall also not be fitted with an EGR. 2.4.6.5. The lubricant and the fuel used in the service accumulation schedule shall be as similar as possible to those used during the data collection phase set out in point 2.2. The lubricant must be in line with the recommendation of the engine manufacturer for which the pollution control device is designed. The fuels used should be market fuels fulfilling the corresponding requirements of Directive 98/70/EC. On the request of the manufacturer also reference fuels in accordance with this Regulation can be used. 2.4.6.6. The lubricant shall be changed for maintenance, at the intervals scheduled by the manufacturer of the engine used in the data collection phase. 2.4.6.7. In the case of an SCR, the urea injection shall be performed in accordance with the strategy defined by the manufacturer of the replacement pollution control device.’; |
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(5) |
the following Appendices 4 to 8 are added: ‘Appendix 4 Sequence for thermal ageing
‘Appendix 5 Test-cycle for chassis dynamometer or on-road data gathering
‘Appendix 6 Drain and weigh procedure
‘Appendix 7 Example of service accumulation schedule including thermal, lubricant consumption and regeneration sequences 
‘Appendix 8 Flowchart on the performance of the service accumulation schedule 
Construction of the service accumulation schedule with NTS thermal or modified thermal sequences + NTS lubricant consumption sequences Construction of the service accumulation schedule with NTS thermal or modified thermal sequences Calculation of the duration of each lubricant consumption sequence Lubricant consumption during useful life achieved with NTS sequences Lubricant consumption sequence needed Lubricant consumption sequence not needed no yes Calculation NTS Calculation NTS Thermal sequence (Appendix 4) Presence of active regeneration no yes Modified thermal sequence (Appendix 4 + active regeneration) Construction of one ageing sequence (thermal ageing + lubricant consumption ageing) Start |
ANNEX V
Annex XIII to Regulation (EU) No 582/2011 is amended as follows:
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(1) |
points 2.1.2.2.1 and 2.1.2.2.2 are replaced by the following:
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(2) |
points 8 and 8.1 are replaced by the following: ‘8. REAGENT CONSUMPTION AND DOSING ACTIVITY 8.1. The measures regarding reagent consumption monitoring and dosing activity shall be those set out in paragraph 8 of Annex 11 to UN/ECE Regulation No 49.’. |
ANNEX VI
Annex XIV to Regulation (EU) No 582/2011 is amended as follows:
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(1) |
point 2.2.1 is replaced by the following:
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(2) |
point 2.2.4 is replaced by the following:
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