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Document 02012R1230-20191202
Commission Regulation (EU) No 1230/2012 of 12 December 2012 implementing Regulation (EC) No 661/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council with regard to type-approval requirements for masses and dimensions of motor vehicles and their trailers and amending Directive 2007/46/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council (Text with EEA relevance)Text with EEA relevance
Consolidated text: Commission Regulation (EU) No 1230/2012 of 12 December 2012 implementing Regulation (EC) No 661/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council with regard to type-approval requirements for masses and dimensions of motor vehicles and their trailers and amending Directive 2007/46/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council (Text with EEA relevance)Text with EEA relevance
Commission Regulation (EU) No 1230/2012 of 12 December 2012 implementing Regulation (EC) No 661/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council with regard to type-approval requirements for masses and dimensions of motor vehicles and their trailers and amending Directive 2007/46/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council (Text with EEA relevance)Text with EEA relevance
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02012R1230 — EN — 02.12.2019 — 002.001
This text is meant purely as a documentation tool and has no legal effect. The Union's institutions do not assume any liability for its contents. The authentic versions of the relevant acts, including their preambles, are those published in the Official Journal of the European Union and available in EUR-Lex. Those official texts are directly accessible through the links embedded in this document
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COMMISSION REGULATION (EU) No 1230/2012 of 12 December 2012 implementing Regulation (EC) No 661/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council with regard to type-approval requirements for masses and dimensions of motor vehicles and their trailers and amending Directive 2007/46/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council (OJ L 353 21.12.2012, p. 31) |
Amended by:
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Official Journal |
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No |
page |
date |
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L 175 |
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7.7.2017 |
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L 291 |
17 |
12.11.2019 |
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COMMISSION REGULATION (EU) No 1230/2012
of 12 December 2012
implementing Regulation (EC) No 661/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council with regard to type-approval requirements for masses and dimensions of motor vehicles and their trailers and amending Directive 2007/46/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council
(Text with EEA relevance)
Article 1
Subject matter and scope
Article 2
Definitions
For the purposes of this Regulation, the following definitions shall apply in addition to the definitions set out in Directive 2007/46/EC and Regulation (EC) No 661/2009:
‘vehicle type’ means a set of vehicles as defined in Part B of Annex II to Directive 2007/46/EC;
‘standard equipment’ means the basic configuration of a vehicle which is equipped with all the features that are required under the regulatory acts referred to in Annex IV and Annex XI to Directive 2007/46/EC, including all features that are fitted without giving rise to any further specifications on configuration or equipment level;
‘optional equipment’ means all the features not included in the standard equipment which are fitted to a vehicle under the responsibility of the manufacturer that can be ordered by the customer;
‘mass in running order’ means
in the case of a motor vehicle:
the mass of the vehicle, with its fuel tank(s) filled to at least 90 % of its or their capacity/ies, including the mass of the driver, of the fuel and liquids, fitted with the standard equipment in accordance with the manufacturer’s specifications and, when they are fitted, the mass of the bodywork, the cabin, the coupling and the spare wheel(s) as well as the tools;
in the case of a trailer:
the mass of the vehicle including the fuel and liquids, fitted with the standard equipment in accordance with the manufacturer’s specifications, and, when they are fitted, the mass of the bodywork, additional coupling(s), the spare wheel(s) and the tools;
‘mass of the optional equipment’ means the maximum mass of the combinations of optional equipment which may be fitted to the vehicle in addition to the standard equipment in accordance with the manufacturer's specifications;
‘actual mass of the vehicle’ means the mass in running order plus the mass of the optional equipment fitted to an individual vehicle;
‘technically permissible maximum laden mass’ (M) means the maximum mass allocated to a vehicle on the basis of its construction features and its design performances; the technically permissible laden mass of a trailer or of a semi-trailer includes the static mass transferred to the towing vehicle when coupled;
‘technically permissible maximum laden mass of the combination’ (MC) means the maximum mass allocated to the combination of a motor vehicle and one or more trailers on the basis of its construction features and its design performances or the maximum mass allocated to the combination of a tractor unit and a semi-trailer;
‘technically permissible maximum towable mass’ (TM) means the maximum mass of one or more trailers that may be towed by a towing vehicle which corresponds to the total load transmitted to the ground by the wheels of an axle or a group of axles on any trailer coupled to the towing vehicle;
‘axle’ means the common axis of rotation of two or more wheels whether power-driven or freely rotating, and whether in one or more segments located in the same plane perpendicular to the longitudinal centre-line of the vehicle;
‘group of axles’ means a number of axles having an axle spacing that is restricted to one of the axle spacings referred to as distance ‘d’ in Annex I to Directive 96/53/EC and which interact due to the specific design of the suspension;
‘solo axle’ means an axle that cannot be considered as part of a group of axles;
‘technically permissible maximum mass on the axle’ (m) means the mass corresponding to the maximum permissible static vertical load transmitted to the ground by the wheels of the axle, on the basis of the construction features of the axle and of the vehicle and their design performances;
‘technically permissible maximum mass on a group of axles’ (μ) means the mass corresponding to the maximum permissible static vertical load transmitted to the ground by the wheels of the group of axles, on the basis of the construction features of the group of axles and of the vehicle and their design performances;
‘coupling’ means a mechanical device including component items as defined in points 2.1 to 2.6 of Regulation No 55 of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) — Uniform provisions concerning the approval of mechanical coupling components of combinations of vehicles ( 1 ) and a close-coupling device as defined in point 2.1.1 of UNECE Regulation No 102 — Uniform provisions concerning the approval of I.A close-coupling device (CCD) II. Vehicles with regard to the fitting of an approved type of CCD ( 2 );
‘coupling point’ means the centre of engagement of the coupling fitted to a towed vehicle within the coupling fitted to a towing vehicle;
‘mass of the coupling’ means the mass of the coupling itself and of the parts necessary for the attachment of the coupling to the vehicle;
‘technically permissible maximum mass at the coupling point’ means:
in the case of a towing vehicle, the mass, corresponding to the maximum permissible static vertical load on the coupling point (‘S’ or ‘U’ value) of a towing vehicle, on the basis of the construction features of the coupling and of the towing vehicle;
in the case of a semi-trailer, a centre-axle trailer or a rigid drawbar trailer, the mass corresponding to the maximum permissible static vertical load (‘S’ or ‘U’ value) to be transferred by the trailer to the towing vehicle at the coupling point, on the basis of the construction features of the coupling and of the trailer;
‘mass of the passengers’ means a rated mass depending on the vehicle category multiplied by the number of seating positions including, if any, the seating positions for crew members and the number of standees, but not including the driver;
‘mass of the driver’ means a mass rated at 75 kg located at the driver’s seating reference point;
‘pay-mass’ means the difference between the technically permissible maximum laden mass and the mass in running order increased by the mass of the passengers and the mass of the optional equipment;
‘length’ means the dimension defined in points 6.1.1, 6.1.2 and 6.1.3 of Standard ISO 612:1978; this definition also applies also to articulated vehicles made up of two or more sections;
‘width’ means the dimension defined in point 6.2 of Standard ISO 612:1978;
‘height’ means the dimension defined in point 6.3 of Standard ISO 612:1978;
‘wheelbase’ means the following:
for motor vehicles and drawbar trailers, the horizontal distance between the centre of the first and the last axle;
for centre-axle trailers, semi-trailers and rigid drawbar trailers, the distance between the vertical axis of the coupling and the centre of the last axle;
‘axle spacing’ means the distance between two consecutive axles; for centre axle trailers, semi-trailers and rigid drawbar trailers, the first axle spacing is the horizontal distance between the vertical axis of the front coupling and the centre of the first axle;
‘track’ means the distance referred to in point 6.5 of Standard ISO 612:1978;
‘fifth wheel lead’ means the distance referred to in point 6.19.2 of Standard ISO 612: 1978, taking into account the note referred to in point 6.19 of the same standard;
‘front fitting radius of semi-trailer’ means the horizontal distance from the axis of the kingpin to any point at the front of the semi-trailer;
‘front overhang’ means the horizontal distance between the vertical plane passing through the first axle or the kingpin axle in the case of a semi-trailer and the foremost point of the vehicle;
‘rear overhang’ means the horizontal distance between the vertical plane passing through the last rear axle and the rearmost point of the vehicle; where the vehicle is fitted with a coupling that is not removable, the rearmost point of the vehicle is the coupling point;
‘length of the loading area’ means the distance from the foremost internal point to the rearmost internal point of the cargo area, measured horizontally in the longitudinal plane of the vehicle;
‘rear swing-out’ means the distance between the initial point and the actual extreme point reached by the rear end of a vehicle when manoeuvring in the conditions specified in Section 8 of Part B of Annex I or in Section 7 of Part C of that Annex;
‘axle-lift device’ means a mechanism fitted to a vehicle for the purpose of raising the axle clear off the ground and lowering it to the ground;
‘lift axle or retractable axle’ means an axle which can be raised from its normal position and re-lowered by an axle-lift device;
‘loadable axle’ means an axle the load on which can be varied without the axle being raised by the use of an axle-lift device;
‘air suspension’ means a suspension system on which at least 75 % of the spring effect is caused by the air spring;
‘class of a bus or of a coach’ means a set of vehicles as defined in points 2.1.1 and 2.1.2 of UNECE Regulation No 107 – Uniform provisions concerning the approval of category M2 or M3 vehicles with regard to their general construction ( 3 );
‘articulated vehicle’ means a vehicle of category M2 or M3 as defined in point 2.1.3 of UNECE Regulation No 107;
‘indivisible load’ means a load that cannot, for the purposes of carriage by road, be divided into two or more loads without undue expense or risk of damage and which, owing to its mass or dimension, cannot be carried by a vehicle the masses and dimensions of which comply with the maximum authorised masses and dimensions applicable in a Member State;
‘aerodynamic devices and equipment’ mean devices or equipment that are designed to reduce the aerodynamic drag of road vehicles, with the exception of elongated cabs.
Article 3
Obligations of manufacturers
The manufacturer shall determine, for each version within a vehicle type, irrespective of the state of completion of the vehicle, the following masses:
the technically permissible maximum laden mass;
the technically permissible maximum laden mass of the combination;
the technically permissible maximum towable mass;
the technically permissible maximum mass on the axles or the technically permissible maximum mass on a group of axles;
the technically permissible maximum masses at the coupling point(s) taking into account the technical features of the couplings that are fitted or can be fitted to the vehicle as the case may be.
Where the vehicle is equipped by the manufacturer with a speed limitation device, the maximum speed by construction shall be the true speed permitted by the speed limitation device.
For the purposes of the first subparagraph, the manufacturer shall specify the position of the centre of gravity of the mass corresponding to the sum of the load.
Article 4
Provisions for EC type-approval of a type of vehicle with regard to its masses and dimensions
For the purposes of mass distribution calculations, the manufacturer shall provide the type-approval authority, for each technical configuration within the vehicle type as determined by the set of values of the relevant points in Annex V, with the information necessary to identify the following masses:
the technically permissible maximum laden mass;
the technically permissible maximum mass on the axles or group of axles;
the technically permissible maximum towable mass;
the technically permissible maximum mass at the coupling point(s);
the technically permissible maximum laden mass of the combination.
The information shall be provided in tabular or any other appropriate format, in agreement with the type-approval authority.
Where necessary, the manufacturer shall state the distribution formulae or produce the relevant distribution graphs.
The type-approval authority shall recognise the equivalence of a suspension to air suspension where the requirements of Annex III are fulfilled.
Where the technical service has recognised the equivalence, it shall issue a test report. The type-approval authority shall attach the test report and a technical description of the suspension to the EC type-approval certificate.
A Member State shall not assign the same number to another vehicle type.
Article 4a
EC separate technical unit type-approval of aerodynamic devices and equipment
The application shall be drawn up in accordance with the model of the information document set out in Part C of Annex V.
A Member State shall not assign the same number to another type of separate technical unit.
Article 4b
EC separate technical unit type-approval mark
Every separate technical unit conforming to a type in respect of which EC separate technical unit type-approval has been granted pursuant to this Regulation shall bear an EC separate technical unit type-approval mark as set out in Part E of Annex V.
Article 5
Registration/in-service maximum permissible masses
For the purposes of registration and entry into service of vehicles type-approved under this Regulation, national authorities shall determine, for each variant and version within the type of vehicle, all of the following masses that are permitted for national traffic or for international traffic under Directive 96/53/EC:
the registration/in-service maximum permissible laden mass;
the registration/in-service maximum permissible mass on the axle(s);
the registration/in-service maximum permissible mass on the group of axles;
the registration/in-service maximum permissible towable mass;
the registration/in-service maximum permissible laden mass of the combination.
National authorities shall establish the procedure for the determination of the registration/in service maximum permissible masses referred to in the first subparagraph. They shall designate the competent authority entrusted with the determination of those masses, and shall specify the information that must be provided to that competent authority.
Article 6
Derogations
Type-approvals under Article 23 of Directive 2007/46/EC shall be subject to the quantitative limits set out in Section 3 of Part A of Annex XII to that Directive.
Article 7
Transitional provisions
However, Member States may register and permit the sale or entry into service of end-of-series vehicles whose EC type-approval is no longer valid where the manufacturer so requests, in accordance with Article 27 of Directive 2007/46/EC.
Until 9 January 2014 they shall indicate the actual mass of the vehicle in entry 52 of the certificate of conformity, unless it is indicated in one of the other entries of the certificate of conformity.
Article 8
Amendments to Directive 2007/46/EC
Annexes I, III, IX, and XVI to Directive 2007/46/EC are amended in accordance with Annex VI to this Regulation.
Annex XII to Directive 2007/46/EC is replaced by Annex VII to this Regulation.
Article 9
Entry into force
This Regulation shall enter into force on the twentieth day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.
It shall apply to new vehicle types for which type-approval is granted from 1 November 2012.
This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States.
LIST OF ANNEXES
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Annex I |
Technical requirements |
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PART A |
Technical requirements for vehicles of category M1 and N1. |
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PART B |
Technical requirements for vehicles of category M2 and M3. |
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PART C |
Technical requirements for vehicles of category N2 and N3. |
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PART D |
Technical requirements for vehicles of category O. |
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Appendix 1 |
List of devices and equipment that are not required to be taken into account for the determination of the outermost dimensions. |
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Appendix 2 |
Permissible deviations for type-approval and conformity of production. |
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Appendix 3 |
Figures regarding manoeuvrability. |
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Appendix 4 |
Aerodynamic device and equipment crash test |
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Appendix 5 |
Three-dimensional cab envelope |
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Annex II |
Gradeability of off-road vehicles. |
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Annex III |
Conditions of equivalence of a suspension to air-suspension. |
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Annex IV |
Technical requirements for the installation of lift- or loadable axles on vehicles. |
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Annex V |
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PART A |
EC type-approval of motor vehicles and their trailers with regard to the masses and dimensions of a vehicle |
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PART B |
EC type-approval certificate of motor vehicles and their trailers with regard to the masses and dimensions of vehicles |
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PART C |
EC type-approval of an aerodynamic device or equipment as a separate technical unit |
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PART D |
EC type-approval certificate for an aerodynamic device or equipment as a separate technical unit |
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PART E |
EC separate technical unit type-approval mark |
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Annex VI |
Amendments to Annexes I, III, IX, and XVI to Directive 2007/46/EC. |
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Annex VII |
Annex XII to Directive 2007/46/EC. |
ANNEX I
TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS
PART A
Vehicles of category M1 and N1
1. Maximum authorised dimensions
1.1. The dimensions shall not exceed the following values:
Length: 12,00 m.
Width:
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(a) |
M1: 2,55 m; |
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(b) |
N1: 2,55 m; |
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(c) |
N1: 2,60 m for vehicles fitted with a bodywork with insulated walls of at least 45 mm thick, as referred to in Appendix 2 of Part C of Annex II to Directive 2007/46/EC; |
Height: 4,00 m.
1.2. For the purposes of measurement of the length, width and height, the vehicle shall be at its mass in running order, placed on a horizontal and flat surface with tyres inflated at the pressure recommended by the manufacturer.
1.3. The devices and equipment referred to in Appendix 1 shall not be taken into account for the determination of the length, width and height.
2. Mass distribution
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2.1. |
The sum of the technically permissible maximum mass on the axles shall not be less than the technically permissible maximum laden mass of the vehicle. |
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2.2. |
The technically permissible maximum laden mass of the vehicle shall not be less than the mass of the vehicle in running order plus the mass of the passengers plus the mass of the optional equipment plus the mass of the coupling if not included in the mass in running order. |
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2.3. |
Where the vehicle is laden to the technically permissible maximum laden mass, the mass on each axle shall not exceed the technically permissible maximum mass on that axle. |
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2.4. |
Where the vehicle is laden to the technically permissible maximum laden mass, the mass on the front axle shall in no event be less than 30 % of the technically permissible maximum laden mass of the vehicle.
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2.5. |
Where a vehicle is equipped with removable seats, the verification procedure shall be limited to the condition with the maximum number of seating positions. |
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2.6. |
For the purposes of verifying the requirements laid down in points 2.2, 2.3 and 2.4:
(a)
The seats shall be adjusted as prescribed in point 2.6.1
(b)
the masses of the passengers, the pay-mass and the mass of the optional equipment shall be distributed as prescribed in points 2.6.2 to 2.6.4.2.3. 2.6.1. Seat adjustment
2.6.2. Distribution of the mass of passengers
2.6.3. Distribution of the mass of the optional equipment
2.6.4 Distribution of the pay-mass 2.6.4.1. M1 vehicles 2.6.4.1.1. As regards M1 vehicles, the pay-mass shall be distributed in accordance with the manufacturer’s specifications in agreement with the technical service. 2.6.4.1.2. As regards motor caravans the minimum pay-mass (PM) shall meet the following requirement:
Where
2.6.4.2. N1 vehicles 2.6.4.2.1. As regards vehicles with bodywork, the pay-mass shall be distributed uniformly on the cargo bed; 2.6.4.2.2. As regards vehicles without bodywork (e.g. chassis-cab), the manufacturer shall state the extreme permissible positions of the centre of gravity of the pay-mass increased by the mass of the equipment intended to accommodate goods (e.g. bodywork, tank, etc.) (for instance: from 0,50 m to 1,30 m in front of the first rear axle); 2.6.4.2.3. As regards vehicles intended to be fitted with a fifth wheel coupling, the manufacturer shall state the minimum and maximum fifth wheel lead. |
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2.7. |
Additional requirements where the vehicle is capable of towing a trailer
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3. Towable mass and mass at the coupling
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3.1. |
As regards the technically permissible maximum towable mass, the following requirements shall apply: 3.1.1. Trailer fitted with a service braking system 3.1.1.1. The technically permissible maximum towable mass of the vehicle shall be the lowest of the following values:
(a)
the technically permissible maximum towable mass based on the construction features of the vehicle and the strength of the coupling;
(b)
the technically permissible maximum laden mass of the towing vehicle;
(c)
1,5 times the technically permissible maximum laden mass of the towing vehicle in the case of an off-road vehicle as defined in Annex II to Directive 2007/46/EC. 3.1.1.2. However, the technically permissible maximum towable mass shall in no case exceed 3 500 kg. 3.1.2. Trailer without a service braking system 3.1.2.1. The permissible towable mass shall be the lowest of the following values:
(a)
the technically permissible maximum towable mass based on the construction features of the vehicle and the strength of the coupling;
(b)
half of the mass in running order of the towing vehicle. 3.1.2.2. The technically permissible maximum towable mass shall in no case exceed 750 kg. |
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3.2. |
The technically permissible maximum mass at the coupling point shall not be less than 4 % of the maximum permissible towable mass and not be less than 25 kg. |
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3.3. |
The manufacturer shall specify in the owner’s manual the technically permissible maximum mass at the coupling point, the mounting points of the coupling on the towing vehicle and the maximum permissible rear overhang for the coupling point. |
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3.4. |
The technically permissible maximum towable mass shall not be defined by reference to the number of passengers. |
4. Mass of the combination
The technically permissible maximum laden mass of the combination shall not exceed the sum of the technically permissible maximum laden mass plus the technically permissible maximum towable mass.
5. Hill starting ability
5.1. The towing vehicle shall be able to start the vehicle combination five times on an uphill gradient of at least 12 % within five minutes.
5.2. In order to conduct the test described in point 5.1, the towing vehicle and the trailer shall be laden as to equal the technically permissible maximum laden mass of the combination.
PART B
Vehicles of category M2 and M3
1. Maximum authorised dimensions
1.1. The dimensions shall not exceed the following values:
Length
Vehicle with two axles and one section: 13,50 m
Vehicle with three or more axles and one section: 15,00 m
Articulated vehicle: 18,75 m
Width: 2,55 m;
Height: 4,00 m
1.2. For the purposes of measurement of the length, width and height, the vehicle shall be at its mass in running order, placed on a horizontal and flat surface with tyres inflated at the pressure recommended by the manufacturer.
1.3. The devices and equipment referred to in Appendix 1 shall not be taken into account for the determination of the length, width and height.
1.3.1. Additional requirements for aerodynamic devices referred to in Appendix 1
1.3.1.1. Aerodynamic devices and equipment not exceeding 500 mm in length in the in-use position shall not increase the overall usable cargo space. They shall be constructed in such a way as to make it possible to lock them in the retracted or folded and the in-use positions. Such devices and equipment shall furthermore be constructed so as to be retractable or foldable when the vehicle is at stand-still in such a way that the maximum authorised width of the vehicle referred to in point 1.1.2. is not exceeded by more than 25 mm on each side of the vehicle and the maximum authorised length of the vehicle referred to in point 1.1.1. is not exceeded by more than 200 mm as permitted only from a height above the ground of at least 1 050 mm so that they do not impair the capability of the vehicle to be used for intermodal transport. In addition, the requirements set out in points 1.3.1.1.1 and 1.3.1.1.3. shall be met.
1.3.1.1.1. The devices and equipment shall be type-approved in accordance with this Regulation.
1.3.1.1.2. It shall be possible for the operator to vary the position of the aerodynamic device and equipment, and to retract or fold it, by applying a manual force not exceeding 40 daN. In addition, this may be done automatically as well.
1.3.1.1.3. It is not required for devices and equipment to be retractable or foldable if the maximum dimensional requirements are fully complied with under all conditions.
1.3.1.2. Aerodynamic devices and equipment exceeding 500 mm in length in the in-use position shall not increase the overall usable cargo space. They shall be constructed in such a way as to make it possible to lock them in both the retracted or folded and the in-use positions. Such devices shall furthermore be constructed so as to be retractable or foldable when the vehicle is at stand-still in such a way that the maximum authorised width of the vehicle referred to in point 1.1.2. is not exceeded by more than 25 mm on each side of the vehicle and the maximum authorised length of the vehicle referred to in point 1.1.1. is not exceeded by more than 200 mm as permitted only from a height above the ground of at least 1 050 mm so that they do not impair the capability of the vehicle to be used for intermodal transport. In addition, the requirements set out in points 1.3.1.2.1. to 1.3.1.2.4. shall be met.
1.3.1.2.1. The devices and equipment shall be type-approved in accordance with this Regulation.
1.3.1.2.2. It shall be possible for the operator to vary the position of the aerodynamic device and equipment, and to retract or fold it, by applying a manual force not exceeding 40 daN. In addition, this may be done automatically as well.
1.3.1.2.3. Each main vertical element or combination of elements and main horizontal element or combination of elements forming the devices and equipment shall, when installed on the vehicle and in the in-use position, withstand vertical and horizontal traction and push forces, applied sequentially in up, down, left and right direction, of 200 daN ± 10 % applied statically to the geometric centre of the relevant perpendicular projected surface, at a maximum pressure of 2,0 MPa. The devices and equipment may deform, but the system for adjustment and locking shall not release as a result of the applied forces. The deformation shall be limited to ensure that the maximum authorised width of the vehicle is not exceeded by more than 25 mm on each side of the vehicle, during and after the test.
1.3.1.2.4. Each main vertical element or combination of elements and main horizontal element or combination of elements forming the devices and equipment shall also, when in the retracted or folded position, withstand a horizontal traction force applied in longitudinal rearward direction, of 200 daN ± 10 % applied statically to the geometric centre of the relevant perpendicular projected surface, at a maximum pressure of 2,0 MPa. The devices and equipment may deform, but the system for adjustment and locking shall not release as a result of the applied forces. The deformation shall be limited to ensure that the maximum authorised width of the vehicle is not exceeded by more than 25 mm on each side of the vehicle and the maximum authorised length of the vehicle is not exceeded by more than 200 mm.
1.3.1.3. It shall be verified by the technical service, to the satisfaction of the type-approval authority that aerodynamic devices and equipment positioned in both, the in-use and the retracted or folded positions, do not significantly impair cooling and ventilation of the powertrain, exhaust system and passenger cabin. All other applicable requirements relating to the vehicle systems shall be fully complied with when the devices and equipment are placed in both their in-use and retracted or folded positions.
By way of derogation concerning the applicable requirements relating to rear underrun protection, the horizontal distances between the rear of the rear underrun protection device and the rear extremity of the vehicle as fitted with aerodynamic devices and equipment may be measured without taking the devices and equipment into account on condition that they exceed 200 mm in length, they are in the in-use condition and the fundamental sections of the elements placed at a height ≤ 2,0 m above the ground measured in unladen condition are made of material having a hardness of < 60 Shore (A). Narrow ribs, tubing and metal wire forming a frame or substrate to support the fundamental sections of the elements shall not be taken into account when determining the hardness. However, in order to eliminate the risk of injuries and penetration of other vehicles in the event of a collision, any ends of such ribs, tubing and metal wire shall not be directed rearward, with the device and equipment both in the retracted or folded and the in-use positions.
As alternative to the derogation referred to in the previous paragraph, the horizontal distances between the rear of the rear underrun protection device and the rear extremity of the vehicle as fitted with aerodynamic devices and equipment may be measured without taking the aerodynamic devices and equipment into account provided that they exceed 200 mm in length, they are in the in-use condition and those devices or equipment comply with the test provisions set out in Appendix 4.
The horizontal distances between the rear of the rear underrun protection device and the rear extremity of the vehicle shall however be measured with the aerodynamic devices and equipment positioned in the retracted or folded position or take into account the resulting projection length in accordance with point 1.6.1 of Appendix 4, if this length exceeds that of the retracted or folded position.
2. Mass distribution for vehicles fitted with bodywork
2.1. Calculation procedure
Notations:
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‘M’ |
technically permissible maximum laden mass; |
|
‘TM’ |
technically permissible maximum towable mass; |
|
‘MC’ |
technically permissible maximum laden mass of the combination; |
|
‘mi’ |
technically permissible maximum laden mass on the solo axle designated ‘i’, where ‘i’ varies from 1 to the total number of axles of the vehicle; |
|
‘mc’ |
technically permissible maximum mass at the coupling point; |
|
‘μj’ |
the technically permissible maximum mass on the group of axles designated ‘j’, where j varies from 1 to the total number of groups of axles. |
|
2.1.1. |
Suitable calculations shall be carried out in order to make sure that the following requirements are fulfilled for each technical configuration within the type. |
|
2.1.2. |
In the case of vehicles fitted with loadable axles, the following calculations shall be carried out with the suspension of the axles loaded in the normal operating configuration. |
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2.1.3. |
In the case of alternatively fuelled or zero-emission motor vehicles: 2.1.3.1. The additional weight required for alternative fuel or zero-emission technology in accordance with points 2.3. and 2.4. of Annex I to Directive 96/53/EC shall be defined on the basis of the documentation provided by the manufacturer. The correctness of the declared information shall be verified by the Technical Service, to the satisfaction of the Type-Approval Authority. 2.1.3.2. The manufacturer shall indicate the following additional symbol as well as the value of the additional weight below or to the side of the mandatory inscriptions on the manufacturer’s statutory plate, outside a clearly marked rectangle which shall enclose only the mandatory information. ‘96/53/EC ARTICLE 10B COMPLIANT – XXXX KG’ The height of the symbol’s characters and stated value shall not be less than 4 mm. In addition, until the introduction of a dedicated entry in the Certificate of Conformity, the value of the additional weight shall be stated under ‘remarks’ in the Certificate of Conformity as to allow inclusion of this information in on-board vehicle registration papers. |
2.2. General requirements
|
2.2.1. |
The sum of the technically permissible maximum mass on the solo axles plus the sum of the technically permissible maximum mass on the groups of axles shall not be less than the technically permissible maximum laden mass of the vehicle.
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|
2.2.2. |
The mass of the vehicle in running order, plus the mass of the optional equipment, the mass of the passengers, the masses ‘WP’ and ‘B’ referred to in point 2.2.3, plus the mass of the coupling if not included in the mass in running order, plus the technical permissible maximum mass at the coupling point shall not exceed the technically permissible maximum laden mass. |
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2.2.3. |
Load distribution 2.2.3.1. Notations
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2.2.4. |
Calculations
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|
2.2.5. |
Where the vehicle is laden as specified in point 2.2.2 the mass corresponding to the load on the front steering axle(s) shall in no case be less than 20 % of the technically permissible maximum laden mass ‘M’.
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2.2.6. |
Where a vehicle is to be type-approved to more than one class, the requirements of Section 2 shall apply to each class. |
3. Towing capacity
3.1. The technically permissible maximum laden mass of the combination shall not exceed the sum of the technically permissible maximum laden mass plus the technically permissible maximum towable mass.
3.2. The technically permissible maximum towable mass shall not exceed 3 500 kg.
4. Technically permissible maximum mass at the coupling point
4.1. The technically permissible maximum mass at the coupling point shall be at least equal to 4 % of its technically permissible maximum towable mass, or 25 kg, whichever is the greater.
4.2. The manufacturer shall specify in the owner’s manual the conditions for the attachment of the coupling to the motor vehicle.
4.2.1. Where appropriate the conditions referred to in point 4.2 shall include the technically permissible maximum mass at the coupling point of the towing vehicle, the maximum permissible mass of the coupling device, the mounting points of the coupling and the maximum permissible rear overhang of the coupling.
5. Hill-starting ability
5.1. Vehicles designed to tow a trailer shall be capable of starting five times within five minutes at an up-hill gradient of at least 12 %.
5.2. For performing the test described in point 5.1, the towing vehicle and the trailer shall be laden so as to equal the technically permissible maximum laden mass of the combination.
6. Engine power
6.1. The engine shall provide a power output of at least 5 kW per tonne of the technically permissible maximum laden mass of the combination or of the technically permissible maximum laden mass of the solo vehicle where the vehicle is not designed to tow a trailer. ►M2 The requirements in this point shall not apply to the electric-only driving mode of hybrid electric vehicles. ◄
6.2. The engine power shall be measured in accordance with UNECE Regulation No 85 ( 7 ).
7. Manoeuvrability
7.1. The vehicle shall be capable of manoeuvring on either side of a complete trajectory of 360° as shown in Figure 1 in Appendix 3 to this Annex without any of the vehicle’s outermost points protruding beyond the outer circle or intruding inside the inner circle as the case may be.
7.1.1. The test shall be conducted with the vehicle in both the unladen conditions (i.e. at its mass in running order) and loaded to its technically maximum permissible laden mass. ►M2 If the vehicle is equipped with aerodynamic devices or equipment referred to in points 1.3.1.1 and 1.3.1.2, the devices and equipment shall be in the deployed and in-use position. ◄
7.1.2. For the purposes of point 7.1, the parts permitted to protrude beyond the vehicle width referred to in Appendix 1 to this Annex shall not be taken into account.
7.2. For vehicles fitted with a loadable axle, the requirement of point 7.1 shall also apply where the loadable axle(s) is in service.
7.3. The requirements of section 7.1 shall be verified as follows:
The vehicle shall manoeuvre inside a circular area defined by two concentric circles, the outer circle having a radius of 12,50 m and the inner circle having a radius of 5,30 m
The outermost front point of the motor vehicle shall be guided along the contour of the outer circle (see Figure 1 in Appendix 3 to this Annex).
7.4 With the agreeement of the Technical Service and the Type-Approval Authority, the manoeuvrability requirements may be proved by numerical simulation in accordance with Annex XVI to Directive 2007/46/EC. In case of doubt, the Technical Service or Type-Approval Authority may require a physical full-scale test to be carried out.
8. Rear swing-out
8.1. Vehicle with one section
|
8.1.1. |
The vehicle shall be tested in accordance with the drive-in test method described in point 8.1.2. ►M2 If the vehicle is equipped with aerodynamic devices or equipment referred to in points 1.3.1.1 and 1.3.1.2, the devices and equipment shall be in the deployed and in-use position. ◄ |
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8.1.2. |
Drive-in test method The vehicle shall be stationary, a vertical plane tangential to the side of the vehicle and facing outwards from the circle shall be established by marking a line on the ground. The vehicle shall be moved from a straight line approach into the circular area described in Figure 1 with its front wheels turned such as the front outermost point follows the contour of the outer circle (see Figure 2a of Appendix 3 to this Annex). |
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8.1.3. |
The vehicle shall be set to its mass in running order. |
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8.1.4. |
The maximum rear swing-out shall not exceed 0,60 m. |
8.2. Vehicles with two or more sections
|
8.2.1. |
The requirements of point 8.1 shall apply mutatis mutandis as regards vehicles with two or more sections. In such a case, the two or more rigid sections shall be aligned with the plane as shown in Figure 2b of Appendix 3 to this Annex. |
8.3. With the agreement of the Technical Service and the Type-Approval Authority, the maximum rear swing-out requirements may be proved by numerical simulation in accordance with Annex XVI to Directive 2007/46/EC. In case of doubt, the Technical Service or Type-Approval Authority may require a physical full-scale test to be carried out.
PART C
Vehicles of category N2 and N3
1. Maximum authorised dimensions
1.1. The dimensions shall not exceed the following values:
Length: 12,00 m.
Height: 4,00 m
1.2. For the purposes of measurement of the length, width and height, the vehicle shall be at its mass in running order, placed on a horizontal and flat surface with tyres inflated at the pressure recommended by the manufacturer.
1.3. The devices and equipment referred to in Appendix 1 shall not be taken into account for the determination of the length, width and height.
1.3.1. Additional requirements for aerodynamic devices referred to in Appendix 1
1.3.1.1. Aerodynamic devices and equipment not exceeding 500 mm in length in the in-use position shall not increase the usable length of the loading area. They shall be constructed in such a way as to make it possible to lock them in both the retracted or folded and the in-use positions. Such devices and equipment shall furthermore be constructed so as to be retractable or foldable when the vehicle is at stand-still in such a way that the maximum authorised width of the vehicle is not exceeded by more than 25 mm on each side of the vehicle and the maximum authorised length of the vehicle is not exceeded by more than 200 mm as permitted only from a height above the ground of at least 1 050 mm so that they do not impair the capability of the vehicle to be used for intermodal transport. In addition, the requirements set out in points 1.3.1.1.1 and 1.3.1.1.3. shall be met.
1.3.1.1.1. The devices and equipment shall be type-approved in accordance with this Regulation.
1.3.1.1.2. It shall be possible for the operator to vary the position of the aerodynamic device and equipment, and to retract or fold it, by applying a manual force not exceeding 40 daN. In addition, this may be done automatically as well.
1.3.1.1.3. It is not required for devices and equipment to be retractable or foldable if the maximum dimensional requirements are fully complied with under all conditions.
1.3.1.2. Aerodynamic devices and equipment exceeding 500 mm in length in the in-use position shall not increase the usable length of the loading area. They shall be constructed in such a way as to make it possible to lock them in both the retracted or folded and in-use positions. Such devices shall furthermore be constructed so as to be retractable or foldable when the vehicle is at stand-still in such a way that the maximum authorised width of the vehicle is not exceeded by more than 25 mm on each side of the vehicle and the maximum authorised length of the vehicle is not exceeded by more than 200 mm as permitted only from a height above the ground of at least 1 050 mm so that they do not impair the capability of the vehicle to be used for intermodal transport. In addition, the requirements set out in points 1.3.1.2.1. to 1.3.1.2.4. below shall be met.
1.3.1.2.1. The devices and equipment shall be type-approved in accordance with this Regulation.
1.3.1.2.2. It shall be possible for the operator to vary the position of the aerodynamic device and equipment, and retract or fold it, by applying a manual force not exceeding 40 daN. In addition, this may be done automatically as well.
1.3.1.2.3. Each main vertical element or combination of elements and main horizontal element or combination of elements forming the devices and equipment shall, when installed on the vehicle and in the in-use position, withstand vertical and horizontal traction and push forces, applied sequentially in up, down, left and right direction, of 200 daN ± 10 % applied statically to the geometric centre of the relevant perpendicular projected surface, at a maximum pressure of 2,0 MPa. The devices and equipment may deform, but the system for adjustment and locking shall not release as a result of the applied forces. The deformation shall be limited to ensure that the maximum authorised width of the vehicle is not exceeded by more than 25 mm on each side of the vehicle, during and after the test.
1.3.1.2.4. Each main vertical element or combination of elements and main horizontal element or combination of elements forming the devices and equipment shall also, when in the retracted or folded position, withstand a horizontal traction force applied in longitudinal rearward direction, of 200 daN ± 10 % applied statically to the geometric centre of the relevant perpendicular projected surface, at a maximum pressure of 2,0 MPa. The devices and equipment may deform, but the system for adjustment and locking shall not release as a result of the applied forces. The deformation shall be limited to ensure that the maximum authorised width of the vehicle is not exceeded by more than 25 mm on each side of the vehicle and the maximum authorised length of the vehicle is not exceeded by more than 200 mm.
1.3.1.3. Aerodynamic devices and equipment of cabs, both in the retracted or folded and in-use position, where applicable, shall be constructed in such a way that the maximum authorised width of the vehicle is not exceeded by more than 25 mm on each side of the vehicle and that they do not impair the capability of the vehicle to be used for intermodal transport. In addition, the requirements set out in points 1.3.1.3.1. to 1.3.1.3.4. below shall be met.
1.3.1.3.1. Aerodynamic devices and equipment for cabs shall be type-approved in accordance with this Regulation.
1.3.1.3.2. When installed on a vehicle and both in the retracted or folded and in-use positions, where applicable, no part of the device and equipment shall be above the lower windscreen edge, unless it is not directly visible to the driver due to the instrument panel or other standard interior fittings.
1.3.1.3.3. The device and equipment shall be covered with energy absorbing material. Alternatively, the device and equipment shall consist of material having a hardness of < 60 Shore (A) in accordance with point 1.3.1.4..
1.3.1.3.4. The device and equipment shall not be constructed of material that is prone to breakage into sharp fragments or jagged edges.
1.3.1.4. It shall be verified by the technical service, to the satisfaction of the type-approval authority that aerodynamic devices and equipment referred to in points 1.3.1.1, 1.3.1.2 and 1.3.1.3 positioned in both, the in-use and retracted or folded positions, do not impair the driver’s forward field of vision and the windscreen wash and wipe functions, as well as do not significantly impair the cooling and ventilation of the powertrain, exhaust system, braking system, occupant cabin and loading area. All other applicable requirements relating to the vehicle systems shall be fully complied with when the devices and equipment are placed in both their in-use and retracted or folded positions.
By way of derogation concerning the applicable requirements relating to front underrun protection, the horizontal distances between the foremost part of the vehicle as fitted with aerodynamic devices and equipment and its front underrun protective device as well as the rear of the rear underrun protection device and the rear extremity of the vehicle as fitted with aerodynamic devices and equipment may be measured without taking the devices and equipment into account on condition that at the rear they exceed 200 mm in length and they are in the in-use condition and that at the front and rear the fundamental sections of the elements placed at a height ≤ 2,0 m above the ground measured in unladen condition are made of material having a hardness of < 60 Shore (A). Narrow ribs, tubing and metal wire forming a frame or substrate to support the fundamental sections of the elements shall not be taken into account when determining the hardness. However, in order to eliminate the risk of injuries and penetration of other vehicles in the event of a collision, any ends of such ribs, tubing and metal wire shall not be directed forward at the front and rearward at the rear of the vehicle, with the device and equipment both in the retracted or folded and the in-use positions.
As alternative to the derogation concerning the rear underrun protection device referred to in the previous paragraph, the horizontal distances between the rear of the rear underrun protection device and the rear extremity of the vehicle as fitted with aerodynamic devices and equipment may be measured without taking the aerodynamic devices and equipment into account provided that they exceed 200 mm in length, they are in the in-use condition and those devices or equipment comply with the test provisions set out in Appendix 4.
The horizontal distances between the rear of the rear underrun protection device and the rear extremity of the vehicle shall however be measured with the aerodynamic devices and equipment positioned in the retracted or folded position or take into account the resulting projection length in accordance with point 1.6.1 of Appendix 4, if this length exceeds that of the retracted or folded position.
1.4. Elongated cabs
1.4.1. Where the front fascia of the motor vehicle’s cab location, including all external projections of for example the chassis, bumper, wheel guards and wheels, fully conforms to parameters of the three-dimensional envelope as set out in Appendix 5 and the length of the loading area does not exceed 10,5 m, the vehicle may exceed the maximum authorised length set out in point 1.1.1.
1.4.2. In the case referred to in point 1.4.1, the manufacturer shall indicate the following additional symbol below or to the side of the mandatory inscriptions on the manufacturer’s statutory plate, outside a clearly marked rectangle which shall enclose only the mandatory information.
‘96/53/EC ARTICLE 9A COMPLIANT’
The height of the symbol’s characters shall not be less than 4 mm. The text ‘96/53/EC ARTICLE 9A COMPLIANT’ shall also be added to the ‘remarks’ in the Certificate of Conformity as to allow inclusion of this information in on-board vehicle registration papers.
2. Mass distribution for vehicles fitted with bodywork
2.1. Calculation procedure
Notations:
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‘M’ |
technically permissible maximum laden mass; |
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‘TM’ |
technically permissible maximum towable mass; |
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‘MC’ |
technically permissible maximum laden mass of the combination; |
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‘mi’ |
the technically permissible maximum mass on the solo axle designated ‘i’, where i varies from 1 to the total number of axles of the vehicle; |
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‘mc’ |
technically permissible maximum mass at the coupling point; |
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‘μj’ |
the technically permissible maximum mass on the group of axles designated ‘j’, where j varies from 1 to the total number of groups of axles. |
2.1.1. Suitable calculations shall be carried out in order to make sure that the requirements set out in points 2.2 and 2.3 are fulfilled for each technical configuration within the type.
2.1.2. In the case of vehicles fitted with loadable axles, the calculations required under points 2.2 and 2.3 shall be carried out with the suspension of loadable axles in the normal running configuration.
2.1.3. In the case of vehicles fitted with lift axles, the calculations required under points 2.2 and 2.3 shall be carried out with the axles lowered.
2.1.4. In the case of alternatively fuelled or zero-emission motor vehicles:
2.1.4.1. The additional weight required for alternative fuel or zero-emission technology in accordance with point 2.3. of Annex I to Directive 96/53/EC shall be defined on the basis of the documentation provided by the manufacturer. The correctness of the declared information shall be verified by the Technical Service, to the satisfaction of the Type-Approval Authority.
2.1.4.2. The manufacturer shall indicate the following additional symbol as well as the value of the additional weight below or to the side of the mandatory inscriptions on the manufacturer’s statutory plate, outside a clearly marked rectangle which shall enclose only the mandatory information.
‘96/53/EC ARTICLE 10B COMPLIANT – XXXX KG’
The height of the symbol’s characters and stated value shall not be less than 4 mm.
In addition, until the introduction of a dedicated entry in the Certificate of Conformity, the value of the additional weight shall be stated under ‘remarks’ in the Certificate of Conformity as to allow inclusion of this information in on-board vehicle registration papers.
2.2. General requirements
2.2.1. The sum of the technically permissible maximum mass on the solo axles plus the sum of the technically permissible maximum mass on the groups of axles shall not be less than the technically permissible maximum laden mass of the vehicle.
2.2.2. For each group of axles designated ‘j’, the sum of the technically permissible maximum mass on its axles shall not be less than the technically permissible maximum mass on the group of axles.
In addition, each of the masses mi shall not be less than the part of μj applying on the axle ‘i’ as determined by the mass distribution for that group of axles.
2.3. Specific requirements
2.3.1. The mass of the vehicle in running order, plus the mass of the optional equipment plus the mass of the passengers, plus the mass of the coupling if not included in the mass in running order plus the technically permissible maximum mass at the coupling point shall not exceed the technically permissible maximum laden mass of the vehicle.
2.3.2. Where the vehicle is laden to its technically permissible maximum laden mass, the mass distributed on an axle ‘i’ shall not exceed the mass mi on that axle, and the mass on the group of axles ‘j’ shall not exceed the mass μj.
2.3.3. The requirements of point 2.3.2 shall be complied with in the following load configurations:
Uniform distribution of the pay-mass:
the vehicle shall be at its mass in running order plus the mass of the optional equipment plus the mass of the passengers located at the seating reference points, plus the mass of the coupling (if not included in the mass in running order), plus the maximum permissible mass at the coupling point, plus the pay-mass being distributed uniformly on the cargo area.
Non-uniform distribution of pay-mass:
the vehicle shall be at its mass in running order plus the mass of the optional equipment plus the mass of the passengers located at the seating reference points, plus the mass of the coupling (if not included in the mass in running order), plus the maximum permissible mass at the coupling point, plus the pay-mass located in accordance with the manufacturers specifications.
For such purposes the manufacturer shall state the extreme permissible possible positions of the centre of gravity of the pay-mass and/or body and/or equipment or interior fittings (for instance: from 0,50 m to 1,30 m in front of the first rear axle).
Combination of uniform and non-uniform distribution:
The requirements of points 2.3.3.1 and 2.3.3.2 shall be fulfilled simultaneously.
Example, a tipper lorry (distributed load) equipped with an additional crane (localised load).
Mass transferred by the fifth wheel coupling (tractor unit for semi-trailer):
the vehicle shall be at its mass in running order plus the mass of the optional equipment plus the mass of the passengers located at the seating reference points, plus the mass of the coupling if not included in the mass in running order, plus the maximum permissible mass at the fifth wheel coupling point located in accordance with the manufacturers’ specifications (minimum and maximum fifth-wheel lead).
The requirements of points 2.3.3.1 shall always be fulfilled where the vehicle is fitted with a flat cargo area.
2.3.4. Where the vehicle is laden to its technically permissible maximum laden mass, plus the mass of the coupling if not included in the mass in running order, plus the maximum permissible mass at the coupling point in such a way that the maximum permissible maximum mass on the rear group of axle (μ) or the maximum permissible maximum on the rear axle (m) is reached, the mass on the front steering axle(s) shall not be less than 20 % of the technically permissible maximum laden mass of the vehicle.
2.3.5. As regards special purposes vehicles of category N2 and N3, the technical service shall check compliance with the requirements of Section 2 in agreement with the manufacturer, taking into account the specific design of the vehicle (for example, mobile cranes).
3. Towing capacity
3.1. The technically permissible maximum laden mass of the combination shall not exceed the sum of the technically permissible maximum laden mass plus the technically permissible maximum towable mass.
4. Hill-starting ability and gradeability
4.1. Vehicles designed to tow a trailer and laden to their technically permissible maximum laden mass of the combination shall be capable of starting five times within five minutes at an up-hill gradient of at least 12 %.
4.2. As regard gradeability, off road vehicles shall be tested against the technical requirements of Annex II.
4.2.1. The requirements of Section 5 of Appendix 1 to Annex II to Directive 2007/46/EC shall also apply.
5. Engine power
5.1. Vehicles shall provide an engine power output of at least 5 kW per tonne of the technically permissible maximum laden mass of the combination.
5.1.1. In the case of a road tractor, or a tractor unit for semi-trailer intended for the transport of indivisible loads, the engine power shall be at least 2 kW per tonne of the technically permissible maximum laden mass of the combination.
5.1.2. The requirements in points 5.1 and 5.1.1 shall not apply to the electric-only driving mode of hybrid electric vehicles.
5.2. The engine power shall be measured in accordance with UNECE Regulation No 85.
6. Manoeuvrability
6.1. The vehicle shall be capable of manoeuvring on either side of a complete trajectory of 360° as shown in Figure 1 of Appendix 3 to this Annex without any of the vehicle’s outermost points protruding beyond the outer circle or intruding inside the inner circle as the case may be.
6.1.1. The test shall be conducted with the vehicle in both the unladen conditions (i.e. at its mass in running order) and loaded to its technically maximum permissible laden mass. ►M2 If the vehicle is equipped with aerodynamic devices or equipment referred to in points 1.3.1.1, 1.3.1.2 and 1.3.1.3, the devices and equipment shall be in the deployed and in-use position or in the fixed in-use position where applicable for devices and equipment covered by point 1.3.1.3. ◄
6.1.2. For the purposes of point 6.1, the parts permitted to protrude beyond the vehicle width referred to in Appendix 1 to this Annex shall not be taken into account.
6.2. For vehicles fitted with axle-lift devices, the requirement of point 6.1 shall also apply with the lift axle(s) in the lifted position and where the loadable axle(s) is in service.
6.3. The requirements of point 6.1 shall be verified as follows
The vehicle shall manoeuvre inside an area defined by two concentric circles, the outer circle having a radius of 12,50 m and the inner circle having a radius of 5,30 m
The outermost front point of the motor vehicle shall be guided along the contour of the outer circle (see Figure 1 of Appendix 3 to this Annex)
6.4 With the agreement of the Technical Service and the Type-Approval Authority, the manoeuvrability requirements may be proved by numerical simulation in accordance with Annex XVI to Directive 2007/46/EC. In case of doubt, the Technical Service or Type-Approval Authority may require a physical full-scale test to be carried out.
7. Maximum rear swing-out
|
7.1. |
The vehicle shall be tested in accordance with the steady-state test method described in point 7.1.1. ►M2 If the vehicle is equipped with aerodynamic devices or equipment referred to in points 1.3.1.1, 1.3.1.2 and 1.3.1.3, the devices and equipment shall be in the deployed and in-use position. ◄ 7.1.1. Steady-state test method 7.1.1.2. The vehicle shall be stationary and shall have its front steered wheels so directed that if the vehicle moves, its outermost point would describe a circle of 12,50 m radius. A vertical plane tangential to the side of the vehicle and facing outwards from the circle shall be established by marking a line on the ground. The vehicle shall move forward such as the front outermost point follows the contour of the outer circle of 12,50 m radius. |
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7.2. |
The maximum rear swing-out shall not exceed: (see Figure 3 of Appendix 3 to this Annex)
(a)
0,80 m;
(b)
1,00 m where the vehicle if fitted with an axle-lift device and the axle is cleared off the ground;
(c)
1,00 m where the rearmost axle is a steered axle. |
|
7.3. |
With the agreement of the Technical Service and the Type-Approval Authority, the maximum rear swing-out requirements may be proved by numerical simulation in accordance with Annex XVI to Directive 2007/46/EC. In case of doubt, the Technical Service or Type-Approval Authority may require a physical full-scale test to be carried out. |
PART D
Vehicles of category O
1. Maximum authorised dimensions
1.1. The dimensions shall not exceed the following values:
Length
Trailer: 12,00 m including drawbar;
Semi-trailer: 12,00 m plus the front overhang.
Height: 4,00 m.
Front fitting radius of semi-trailer: 2,04 m.
1.2. For the purposes of measurement of the length, width and height, the vehicle shall be at its mass in running order, placed on a horizontal and flat surface with tyres inflated at the pressure recommended by the manufacturer.
1.3. The measurement of the length, height and front fitting radius shall be conducted where the loading surface or the reference surface referred to in point 1.2.1 second subparagraph of Annex 7 to UNECE Regulation No 55 is horizontal.
Adjustable drawbars shall be horizontal and aligned with the centre-line of the vehicle. They shall be set at their horizontal most elongated position.
1.4. The devices and equipment referred to in Appendix 1 shall not be taken into account for the determination of the length, width and height.
1.4.1. Additional requirements for aerodynamic devices referred to in Appendix 1
1.4.1.1. Aerodynamic devices and equipment not exceeding 500 mm in length in the in-use position shall not increase the usable length of the loading area. They shall be constructed in such a way as to make it possible to lock them in both the retracted or folded and the in-use positions. Such devices and equipment shall furthermore be constructed so as to be retractable or foldable when the vehicle is at stand-still in such a way that the maximum authorised width of the vehicle is not exceeded by more than 25 mm on each side of the vehicle and the maximum authorised length of the vehicle is not exceeded by more than 200 mm as permitted only from a height above the ground of at least 1 050 mm so that they do not impair the capability of the vehicle to be used for intermodal transport. In addition, the requirements set out in points 1.4.1.1.1 to 1.4.1.1.3. shall be met.
1.4.1.1.1. The devices and equipment shall be type-approved in accordance with this Regulation.
1.4.1.1.2. It shall be possible for the operator to vary the position of the aerodynamic device and equipment, and to retract and fold it, by applying a manual force not exceeding 40 daN. In addition, this may be done automatically as well.
1.4.1.1.3. It is not required for devices and equipment to be retractable or foldable if the maximum dimensional requirements are fully complied with under all conditions.
1.4.1.2. Aerodynamic devices and equipment exceeding 500 mm in length in the in-use position shall not increase the usable length of the loading area. They shall be constructed in such a way to make it possible to lock them in both the retracted or folded and the in-use positions. Such devices shall furthermore be constructed so as to be retractable or foldable when the vehicle is at stand-still in such a way that the maximum authorised width of the vehicle is not exceeded by more than 25 mm on each side of the vehicle and the maximum authorised length of the vehicle is not exceeded by more than 200 mm as permitted only from a height above the ground of at least 1 050 mm so that they do not impair the capability of the vehicle to be used for intermodal transport. In addition, the requirements set out in points 1.4.1.2.1. to 1.4.1.2.4. shall be met.
1.4.1.2.1. The devices and equipment shall be type-approved in accordance with this Regulation.
1.4.1.2.2. It shall be possible for the operator to vary the position of the aerodynamic device and equipment, and retract or fold it, by applying a manual force not exceeding 40 daN. In addition, this may be done automatically as well.
1.4.1.2.3. Each main vertical element or combination of elements and main horizontal element or combination of elements forming the devices and equipment shall, when installed on the vehicle and in the in-use position, withstand vertical and horizontal traction and push forces, applied sequentially in up, down, left and right direction, of 200 daN ± 10 % applied statically to the geometric centre of the relevant perpendicular projected surface, at a maximum pressure of 2,0 MPa. The devices and equipment may deform, but the system for adjustment and locking shall not release as a result of the applied forces. The deformation shall be limited to ensure that the maximum authorised width of the vehicle is not exceeded by more than 25 mm on each side of the vehicle, during and after the test.
1.4.1.2.4. Each main vertical element or combination of elements and main horizontal element or combination of elements forming the devices and equipment shall also, when in the retracted or folded position, withstand a horizontal traction force applied in longitudinal rearward direction, of 200 daN ± 10 % applied statically to the geometric centre of the relevant perpendicular projected surface, at a maximum pressure of 2,0 MPa. The devices and equipment may deform, but the system for adjustment and locking shall not release as a result of the applied forces. The deformation shall be limited to ensure that the maximum authorised width of the vehicle is not exceeded by more than 25 mm on each side of the vehicle and the maximum authorised length of the vehicle is not exceeded by more than 200 mm.
1.4.1.3. It shall be verified by the technical service, to the satisfaction of the type-approval authority that aerodynamic devices and equipment positioned in both, the in-use and the retracted or folded positions, do not completely block the ventilation of the loading area. All other applicable requirements relating to the vehicle systems shall be fully complied with when the devices and equipment are placed in both their in-use and retracted or folded positions.
By way of derogation concerning the applicable requirements relating to rear underrun protection, the horizontal distances between the rear of the rear underrun protection device and the rear extremity of the vehicle as fitted with aerodynamic devices and equipment may be measured without taking the devices and equipment into account on condition that they exceed 200 mm in length, they are in the in-use condition and the fundamental sections of the elements placed at a height ≤ 2,0 m above the ground measured in unladen condition are made of material having a hardness of < 60 Shore (A). Narrow ribs, tubing and metal wire forming a frame or substrate to support the fundamental sections of the elements shall not be taken into account when determining the hardness. However, in order to eliminate the risk of injuries and penetration of other vehicles in the event of a collision, any ends of such ribs, tubing and metal wire shall not be directed rearward at the rear of the vehicle, with the device and equipment both in the retractable or folded and the in-use positions.
As alternative to the derogation referred to in the previous paragraph, the horizontal distances between the rear of the rear underrun protection device and the rear extremity of the vehicle as fitted with aerodynamic devices and equipment may be measured without taking the aerodynamic devices and equipment into account provided that they exceed 200 mm in length, they are in the in-use condition and those devices or equipment comply with the test provisions set out in Appendix 4.
The horizontal distances between the rear of the rear underrun protection device and the rear extremity of the vehicle shall however be measured with the aerodynamic devices and equipment positioned in the retracted or folded position or take into account the resulting projection length in accordance with point 1.6.1 of Appendix 4, if this length exceeds that of the retracted or folded position.
2. Mass distribution for vehicles fitted with bodywork
2.1. Calculation procedure
Notations:
|
‘M’ |
technically permissible maximum laden mass; |
|
‘m0’ |
technically permissible maximum mass at the front coupling point; |
|
‘mi’ |
the technically permissible maximum mass on the axle designated ‘i’, where i varies from 1 to the total number of axles of the vehicle; |
|
‘mc’ |
technically permissible maximum mass at the rear coupling point; |
|
‘μj’ |
the technically permissible maximum mass on the group of axles designated ‘j’, where j varies from 1 to the total number of groups of axles. |
|
2.1.1. |
Suitable calculations shall be carried out in order to make sure that the requirements set out in points 2.2 and 2.3 are fulfilled for each technical configuration within the type. |
|
2.1.2. |
In the case of vehicles fitted with loadable axles, the calculations required under points 2.2 and 2.3 shall be carried out with the suspension of loadable axles in the normal running configuration. |
|
2.1.3. |
In the case of vehicles fitted with lift axles, the calculations required under points 2.2 and 2.3 shall be carried out with the axles lowered. |
2.2. General requirements
|
2.2.1. |
The sum of the technically permissible maximum mass at the front coupling point plus the technically permissible maximum mass on the solo axles and/or group(s) of axles plus the technically permissible maximum mass at the rear coupling point shall be not less than the technically permissible maximum laden mass of the vehicle. M ≤ Σ [m0 + mi + mc] or M ≤ Σ [m0 + μj + mc]. |
|
2.2.2. |
For each group of axles designated ‘j’, the sum of the masses mi on its axles shall not be less than the mass μj. In addition, each of the masses mi shall not be less than the part of μj applying on the axle ‘i’ as determined by the mass distribution for that group of axles. |
2.3. Specific requirements
|
2.3.1. |
The mass of the vehicle in running order, plus the mass of the optional equipment plus the technically permissible maximum mass at the coupling point(s) shall not exceed the technically permissible maximum laden mass of the vehicle. |
|
2.3.2. |
Where the vehicle is laden to its technically permissible maximum laden mass, the mass distributed on a solo axle ‘i’ shall neither exceed the mass mi on that axle, nor the mass μj on the group of axles, nor the technically permissible maximum mass at the coupling point m0. |
|
2.3.3. |
The requirements of point 2.3.2 shall be complied with in the following load configurations: 2.3.3.1. Uniform distribution of the pay-mass The vehicle shall be at its mass in running order plus the mass of the optional equipment plus the pay-mass being distributed uniformly on the cargo area; 2.3.3.2. Non-uniform distribution of the pay-mass The vehicle shall be at its mass in running order plus the mass of the optional equipment plus the pay-mass located in accordance with the manufacturer’s specifications. For such purposes the manufacturer shall state the extreme permissible possible positions of the centre of gravity of the pay-mass and/or body and/or equipment or interior fittings (for instance: from 0,50 m to 1,30 m in front of the first rear axle);
|
|
2.3.4. |
Specific requirements for trailer caravans
|
3. Manoeuvrability requirements
3.1. Trailers and semi-trailers shall be so designed that, when coupled to a towing vehicle, the combination is capable of manoeuvring on either side of a complete trajectory of 360° made up of two concentric circles, the outer circle having a radius of 12,50 m and the inner circle having a radius of 5,30 m without any of the vehicle’s outermost points of the towing vehicle protruding beyond the outer circle or any of the outermost points of the trailer or semi-trailer intruding inside the inner circle. ►M2 If the trailer or semi-trailer is equipped with aerodynamic devices or equipment referred to in points 1.4.1.1 or 1.4.1.2, the devices and equipment shall be in the in-use and deployed position. ◄
3.2. A semi-trailer not equipped with aerodynamic devices or equipment referred to in points 1.4.1.1 or 1.4.1.2 shall be deemed to comply with the requirement set out in point 3.1. if its reference wheelbase ‘RWB’ meets the following requirement:
RWB ≤ [(12,50 – 2,04)2 - (5,30 + ½ W)2]1/2
where:
|
‘RWB’ |
is the distance between the king-pin axis and the centre line of the non-steering axles. |
|
‘W’ |
is the semi-trailer’s width. |
3.3. Where one or more of the non-steering axles has an axle lift device the reference wheelbase with the axle lowered or the axle lifted — whichever is the longest — shall be taken into account.
Appendix 1
List of devices and equipment that are not required to be taken into account for the determination of the outermost dimensions
1. Subject to the additional restrictions provided in the following tables, the devices and equipment listed in Tables I, II and III are not required to be taken into account for the determination and calculation of the outermost dimensions where the following requirements are fulfilled:
where devices are fitted at the front, with the exception of aerodynamic devices and equipment of cabs, the total protrusion of those devices shall not exceed 250 mm;
the total protrusion of devices and equipment added to the length of the vehicle, with the exception of aerodynamic devices and equipment, shall not exceed 750 mm;
the total protrusion of devices and equipment added to the width of the vehicle shall not exceed 100 mm.
2. The requirements set out in points (a), (b) and (c) of point 1 shall not apply to devices for indirect vision.
Table I
Vehicle length
|
Item |
Vehicles categories |
||||||||||
|
|
M1 |
M2 |
M3 |
N1 |
N2 |
N3 |
O1 |
O2 |
O3 |
O4 |
|
|
1. |
Devices for indirect vision as defined in point 2.1 of UNECE Regulation No 46 (1) |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
|
2. |
Wiper and washer devices |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
|
|
|
|
|
3. |
External sun visors |
— |
— |
— |
— |
x |
x |
— |
— |
— |
— |
|
4. |
Frontal protection system type-approved in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 78/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council (2) |
x |
|
|
x |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5. |
Access steps and hand-holds |
— |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
|
6. |
Mechanical couplings |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
- |
- |
- |
- |
|
7. |
Additional coupling at the rear of a trailer (when removable) |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
x |
x |
x |
x |
|
8. |
Bike carrier (when removable or retractable) |
x |
|
|
x |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
|
9. |
Lift platforms, access ramps or similar equipment (when they are in undeployed position and do not protrude by more than 300 mm) provided that the loading capacity of the vehicle is not increased. |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
|
10. |
Watching and detection aids including radars |
— |
x |
x |
— |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
|
11. |
Resilient buffers and similar equipment |
— |
— |
— |
— |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
|
12. |
Custom sealing devices and their protections |
— |
— |
— |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
|
13. |
Devices for securing the tarpaulin and their protection |
— |
— |
— |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
|
14. |
Length stops for demountable bodies |
— |
— |
— |
— |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
|
15. |
Trolley booms of electrically-propelled vehicles |
— |
— |
x |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
|
16. |
Front or rear marking plates |
— |
x |
x |
— |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
X |
|
17. |
Optional lamps as defined in Section 2 of UNECE Regulation No 48 (3). |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
|
18. |
Aerodynamic devices and equipment |
- |
X |
X |
- |
X |
X |
- |
- |
X |
X |
|
19. |
Antennas used for vehicle to vehicle or vehicle-to-infrastructure communication |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
|
(1)
OJ L 177, 10.7.2010, p. 211.
(2)
OJ L 35, 4.2.2009, p. 1.
(3)
OJ L 135, 23.5.2008, p. 1. |
|||||||||||
Table II
Vehicle width
|
Item |
Vehicles categories |
||||||||||
|
|
M1 |
M2 |
M3 |
N1 |
N2 |
N3 |
O1 |
O2 |
O3 |
O4 |
|
|
1. |
Devices for indirect vision as defined in point 2.1 of UNECE Regulation No 46 |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
|
2. |
The deflected part of the tyre walls at the point of contact with the road surface |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
|
3. |
Tyre failure tell-tale devices |
— |
— |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
|
4. |
Tyre-pressure indicators |
— |
— |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
|
5. |
Side-marker lamps |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
|
6. |
Lighting equipment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.1. End-outline marker lamps |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
|
|
6.2. Side-retro-reflectors |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
|
|
6.3. Direction-indicator lamps |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
|
|
6.4. Rear position lamps |
— |
— |
— |
— |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
|
|
6.5. Service-door lighting systems |
— |
x |
x |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
|
7. |
Access ramps, lift platforms and similar equipment (when undeployed and provided that they do not exceed 10 mm from the side of the vehicle and the corners of the ramps facing forwards or rearwards are rounded to a radius of not less than 5 mm; the edges must be rounded to a radius of not less than 2,5 mm |
— |
x |
x |
— |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
|
8. |
Retractable lateral guidance devices intended for use on guided bus system, if not retracted. |
— |
— |
x |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
|
9. |
Retractable steps when deployed and the vehicle is in stand-still position |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
|
10. |
Watching and detection aids including radars |
— |
x |
x |
|
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
|
11. |
Aerodynamic devices and equipment The vehicle width, including that of conditioned body with insulated walls, shall not exceed 2 600 mm including the measured projections, with the devices and equipement fixed in both the retracted or folded and the in-use positions. |
- |
X |
X |
- |
X |
X |
- |
- |
X |
X |
|
12. |
Customs sealing devices and their protection |
— |
— |
— |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
|
13. |
Devices for securing the tarpaulin and their protection not projecting by more than 20 mm where they are no more than 2,0 m from the ground level and no more than 50 mm where they are more than 2,0 m from the ground level. The edges shall be rounded to a radius of not less than 2,5 mm. |
— |
— |
— |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
|
14. |
Protruding flexible parts of a spray-suppression system referred to in Commission Regulation (EU) No 109/2011 (1). |
— |
— |
— |
— |
x |
x |
— |
— |
x |
x |
|
15. |
Flexible mudguards not covered under entry 14. |
— |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
|
16. |
Snow chains |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
|
17. |
Safety railings on vehicle transporters. Only for vehicles designed and constructed to transport at least two other vehicles and for which the safety railings are more than 2,0 m but not more than 3,70 m from the ground and do not project by more than 50 mm from the outermost side of the vehicle. The vehicle width shall not exceed 2 650 mm. |
— |
— |
— |
— |
x |
x |
— |
— |
x |
x |
|
18. |
Antennas used for vehicle-to-vehicle or vehicle-to-infrastructure communication |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
|
19. |
Flexible hoses of tyre pressure monitoring systems provided that they do not protrude by more than 70 mm on each side from the outermost width of the vehicle |
|
|
|
|
|
X |
|
|
X |
X |
|
(1)
OJ L 34, 9.2.2011, p. 2. |
|||||||||||
Table III
Vehicle height
|
|
M1 |
M2 |
M3 |
N1 |
N2 |
N3 |
O1 |
O2 |
O3 |
O4 |
|
|
1. |
Antennas used for radio, navigation, vehicle-to-vehicle or vehicle-to-infrastructure communication |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
|
2. |
Pantographs or trolley booms in their elevated position |
- |
- |
X |
- |
- |
X |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Appendix 2
Permissible deviations for type-approval and conformity of production
1. Dimensions
1.1. Measurement of the overall length, width and height shall be carried out in accordance with point 1.2 of Parts A to D of this Annex.
1.2. Under the condition that the limits specified in point 1.1 of Part A to D of this Annex are not exceeded, the actual dimensions may differ from those stated by the manufacturer by not more than 3 %.
2. Mass in running order and actual mass of the vehicle
2.1. The mass in running order shall be checked from the actual mass by weighing the vehicle and deducting the mass of the optional equipment fitted. For such purposes the weighing instrument shall comply with the requirements of Directive 2009/23/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council ( 8 ).
2.2. The mass in running order determined in accordance with the requirements of point 2.1 may deviate from the nominal value stated in point 2.6(b) of Annex I or in Part I, section A or B of Annex III to Directive 2007/46/EC or in the relevant entry of the certificate of conformity by not more than:
3 % as regards the permissible lower and upper deviations (= the negative and positive deviation around the declared value) as regards M, N and O vehicles with the exception of special purpose vehicles;
5 % as regards the permissible lower and upper deviations (= the negative and positive deviation around the declared value) as regards special purpose vehicles;
5 % as regards the permissible lower and upper deviations (= the negative and positive deviation around the declared value) for the purposes of Article 12(2) of Directive 2007/46/EC.
Appendix 3
Figures regarding manoeuvrability requirements
Figure 1
Manoeuvrability circle
Figure 2
Drive-in method for M2 and M3 vehicles
|
|
|
Figure 3
Steady-state method for N2 and N3 vehicles
Appendix 4
Aerodynamic device and equipment crash test
1. Test conditions for aerodynamic devices and equipment
1.1. At the request of the manufacturer the test shall be conducted on one of the following:
1.1.1. on a vehicle of the type for which an aerodynamic device and equipment is intended;
1.1.2. on a part of the body of the vehicle type for which the aerodynamic device and equipment is intended; that part shall be representative of the vehicle type(s) in question;
1.1.3. on a rigid wall.
1.2. Where the test is conducted as referred to in points 1.1.2. and 1.1.3., the parts used to connect the aerodynamic devices and equipment to a part of the vehicle body or to a rigid wall shall be equivalent to those which are used to secure the aerodynamic devices and equipment when it is installed on the vehicle. Every device shall be accompanied by installation and operating instructions giving sufficient information for any competent person to install it correctly.
1.3. At the request of the manufacturer the test procedure described in point 1.5. may be conducted by numerical simulation in accordance with Annex XVI to Directive 2007/46/EC.
The mathematical model shall be validated only if it is comparable with the physical test conditions. To that effect, a physical test shall be conducted for the purposes of comparing the results obtained when using the mathematical model with the results of a physical test. Comparability of the test results shall be proven. A validation report shall be drafted by the manufacturer.
Any change made to the mathematical model or to the software likely to invalidate the validation report shall require a new validation in accordance with the previous paragraph.
1.4. Conditions for the conduct of tests or simulations.
1.4.1. The vehicle shall be at rest on a level, flat, rigid and smooth surface.
1.4.2. Any front wheels shall be in the straight ahead position.
1.4.3. The tyres shall be inflated to the pressure recommended by the vehicle manufacturer.
1.4.4. The vehicle shall be unladen.
1.4.5. The vehicle may, if necessary to achieve the test force required in point 1.5.1.2., be restrained by any method. This method shall be specified by the vehicle manufacturer.
1.4.6. Vehicles equipped with hydropneumatic, hydraulic or pneumatic suspension or a device for automatic levelling according to load shall be tested with the suspension or device in the normal running condition specified by the manufacturer.
1.5. Test procedure
1.5.1. The tests shall be carried out to assess that the aerodynamic device and equipment offer a specified level of deformation to forces applied parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle as referred to in point 1.6.1. Alternatively, the device may also become folded or retracted under the influence of force. The fulfilment of the requirement referred to in point 1.6.2. shall be verified by means of suitable test mandrels for the purpose of the crash test. The device used to distribute the test force over the stated flat surface shall be connected to the force actuator through a swivel joint. In cases of geometric incompatibilities an adapter may be used instead of a device with a flat surface.
1.5.1.1. A force shall be applied parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle via a surface or adaptor not more than 250 mm in height and 200 mm wide with a radius of curvature of 5 ± 1 mm at the vertical edges. The surface shall not be rigidly fixed to the aerodynamic device and equipment and shall be articulated in all directions. When the test is carried out on a vehicle as referred to in point 1.1.1., the height of the lower edge of the surface or adaptor shall be specified by the manufacturer in an area between the lowest edge of the aerodynamic device and equipment and a point of the upper edge of the surface or adaptor that is no more than 2,0 m above the ground in vehicle-mounted condition (see figure 1). This point is to be specified on a laden vehicle with the technically permissible maximum laden mass.
Where the test is carried out on a part of the body of the vehicle type as referred to in point 1.1.2. or on a rigid wall as referred to in point 1.1.3., the height of the centre of the surface or adaptor shall be specified by the manufacturer in an area between the lowest edge of the aerodynamic device and equipment and the point that represents the height of no more than 2,0 m above the ground in vehicle-mounted condition on a laden vehicle with the technically permissible maximum laden mass (see figure 2).
The exact location of the centre of the surface or adaptor in the area of application of forces shall be specified by the manufacturer. Where the aerodynamic device and equipment have different degrees of stiffness in the area of application of the forces (e.g. due to reinforcements, different materials or thicknesses, etc.), the location of the centre of the surface or adaptor shall be located in the area with the highest resistance against external forces in longitudinal direction of the vehicle.
Figure 1
Test point height