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Document 32006L0049
Capital adequacy of investment firms and credit institutions
Šis kopsavilkums ir arhivēts un netiks atjaunināts. Jaunāko informāciju par šo tematu varat atrast te:
'Banku un ieguldījumu brokeru sabiedrību prudenciālā uzraudzība'
.
Capital adequacy of investment firms and credit institutions
In order to ensure more effective financial risk management, the Capital Adequacy Directive (CAD) ensures equal treatment between credit institutions and investment firms by harmonising capital requirements. It also introduces a common framework for measuring the market risks faced by credit institutions and investment firms.
ACT
Directive 2006/49/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 June 2006 on the capital adequacy of investment firms and credit institutions (recast) [See amending acts].
SUMMARY
This Directive aims to ensure the consistent application of the new international guidelines for capital requirements adopted by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (“Basel II”) in June 2004. It determines, along with Directive 2006/48/EC, the prudential framework for investment firms and credit institutions. This prudential framework establishes different approaches to capital adequacy for each risk, which enables investment firms to put in place risk management systems which best suit their risk profile or area of activity. The supervisory authorities shall assess the amount of capital which investment firms must have at their disposal in order to cover their risks.
Types of risk and capital adequacy approaches
The amount of capital which investment firms must have at their disposal is assessed depending on the type of risk: whether this be credit risk, market risk and operational risk. While Directive 2006/48 relates to credit risk, Directive 2006/49/EC sets out the rules relating to the market risks faced by investment firms and credit institutions. This Directive also provides for additional rules regarding the supervision of market risks and operational risk.
Directive 2006/49 has been amended by Directive 2010/76 in particular to reinforce the standards of the internal models that the credit institutions and investment firms can use, after receiving authorisation from the supervisory authorities, to calculate their capital requirements, particularly for taking into account the credit risk in the trading book and the results of the strengthened stress tests.
Capital adequacy
Investment firms and credit institutions must have a minimum capital of EUR 125 000 if they:
All other investment firms must have an initial capital of EUR 730 000. Provision is made for derogations from the capital requirements for certain specified cases in order to take account of the various kinds of investment firm and the type of operation they carry out.
The Directive also lays down a “base” requirement according to which each investment firm is required to hold own funds equivalent to one-quarter of the previous year's fixed overheads. This requirement is intended to:
Investment firms and credit institutions are required to assess their positions daily at market prices. Similarly, they are required to transmit to the competent authorities in their Member State of origin any information necessary for those authorities to check that the rules laid down in the Directive are being observed.
Trading book
The concept of a “trading book” comprises positions in securities and other financial instruments which are held for trading purposes and are subject mainly to market risks and exposures relating to certain financial services provided to customers.
The first requirement concerns the position risk. According to the rules proposed, each firm must keep in the form of capital a given percentage of its long and short positions, after allowance has been made for its hedging operations.
Secondly, there is a foreign-exchange risk requirement in respect of losses which the firm may suffer in the event of adverse exchange-rate movements. However, two important points should be made:
The third requirement relates to the treatment of risk arising from unsettled transactions and other transactions where counterparty risk arises.
The concept of a “trading book” also applies to positions in commodities or commodity derivatives which are held for trading purposes and are subject mainly to market risks.
The European Banking Authority carries out the supervisory functions.
References
Act |
Entry into force - Date of expiry |
Deadline for transposition in the Member States |
Official Journal |
Directive 2006/49/EC |
20.7.2006 |
1.1.2007 |
OJ L 177, 30.6.2006 |
Amending act(s) |
Entry into force |
Deadline for transposition in the Member States |
Official Journal |
Directive 2008/23/EC |
20.3.2008 |
- |
OJ L 76, 19.3.2008 |
Directive 2009/111/EC |
7.12.2009 |
31.12.2010 |
OJ L 302, 17.11.2009 |
Directive 2010/76/EU |
15.12.2010 |
31.12.2011 |
OJ L 329, 14.12.2010 |
Directive 2010/78/EU |
4.1.2011 |
31.12.2011 |
OJ L 331, 15.12.2010 |
The successive amendments and corrections to Directive 2006/49/EC have been incorporated in to the original text. This consolidated version is of documentary value only.
AMENDMENTS TO THE ANNEXESAnnex I – Calculating capital requirements for position risk Directive 2009/27/EC [Official Journal L 94 of 8.4.2009].
Annex II – Calculating capital requirements for settlements and counterparty credit risk Directive 2009/27/EC [Official Journal L 94 of 8.4.2009].
Annex VII – Trading Directive 2009/27/EC [Official Journal L 94 of 8.4.2009].
RELATED ACTS
Directive 2006/48/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 June 2006 relating to the taking up and pursuit of the business of credit institutions (recast) [Official Journal L 177 of 30.6.2006]. This Directive lays down the conditions for the taking up and pursuit of the business of credit institutions. It contains provisions concerning the freedom of establishment, free provision of services, relations with third countries and the principles and technical instruments for prudential supervision.
Last updated: 18.03.2011