EXPLANATORY MEMORANDUM

1.CONTEXT OF THE DELEGATED ACT

This Regulation aims to take into account the latest technical and regulatory developments at the World Forum for the Harmonisation of Vehicle Regulations (WP.29) of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE). In this regard, the list of the UN Regulations referred to in Article 4(2) of Regulation (EU) 2019/2144 of the European Parliament and of the Council and contained in Annex I to that Regulation should be updated by including references to new UN Regulations and relevant new series of amendments of existing UN Regulations, that apply on compulsory basis for the purpose of granting an EU type-approval.

In addition, Annex II to Regulation (EU) 2019/2144, containing the list of requirements referred to in Article 4(5) and Article 5(3) of that Regulation, should be complemented with references to the regulatory acts, adopted pursuant to that Regulation following its adoption and entry into force. In particular, reference is needed to the regulatory acts as regards the Advanced Driver Distraction Warning System, the Direct Vision for trucks and buses and the Driver Control Assistance Systems.

Annexes I and II to Regulation (EU) 2019/2144 are therefore amended in accordance with the Annexes to this Regulation.

2.CONSULTATIONS PRIOR TO THE ADOPTION OF THE ACT

In the preparation of this act, the Commission carried out appropriate consultation with the Member States experts on 2 July and 4 December 2024, where the draft was broadly supported. The Member States representatives endorsed the draft act during the Member States Expert Group (MSEG) meeting held on 6 May 2025.

In accordance with the Better Regulation rules, the draft delegated act was published on the "Have your say" portal for a four-week feedback period between 10 December 2024 and 7 January 2025. In total, five stakeholders provided feedback. The Commission carefully considered and took note of all the comments received.

3.LEGAL ELEMENTS OF THE DELEGATED ACT

The legal basis of this delegated act is Article 4(3) and (6) of Regulation (EU) 2019/2144.

COMMISSION DELEGATED REGULATION (EU) …/...

of 5.6.2025

amending Regulation (EU) 2019/2144 of the European Parliament and of the Council to take into account regulatory developments concerning amendments to UN Regulations Nos 25, 34, 79, 100, 117, 127 and 152, and the new UN Regulations Nos 167, 169 and 171 adopted by the World Forum for Harmonization of Vehicle Regulations of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe

(Text with EEA relevance)

THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION,

Having regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,

Having regard to Regulation (EU) 2019/2144 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 November 2019 on type-approval requirements for motor vehicles and their trailers, and systems, components and separate technical units intended for such vehicles, as regards their general safety and the protection of vehicle occupants and vulnerable road users, amending Regulation (EU) 2018/858 of the European Parliament and of the Council and repealing Regulations (EC) No 78/2009, (EC) No 79/2009 and (EC) No 661/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council and Commission Regulations (EC) No 631/2009, (EU) No 406/2010, (EU) No 672/2010, (EU) No 1003/2010, (EU) No 1005/2010, (EU) No 1008/2010, (EU) No 1009/2010, (EU) No 19/2011, (EU) No 109/2011, (EU) No 458/2011, (EU) No 65/2012, (EU) No 130/2012, (EU) No 347/2012, (EU) No 351/2012, (EU) No 1230/2012 and (EU) No 2015/166 1 , and in particular Article 4(3) and (6) thereof,

Whereas:

(1)Annex I to Regulation (EU) 2019/2144 lists, inter alia, UN Regulation No 34 2 , UN Regulation No 79 3 , UN Regulation No 100 4 , UN Regulation No 117 5 , UN Regulation No 127 6 and UN Regulation No 152 7 . All those regulations have been amended by the World Forum for Harmonisation of Vehicle Regulations of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (‘UNECE WP.29’). It is therefore appropriate that the list in Annex I to Regulation (EU) 2019/2144 is updated to reflect those amendments.

(2)The 02 series of amendments to UN Regulation No 152 contain provisions for the advanced emergency braking system to avoid or mitigate the severity of an impact with a pedestrian and a bicycle respectively. Annex I to Regulation (EU) 2019/2144 refers to the original version to that UN Regulation that contains requirements for advanced emergency braking system to avoid or mitigate collision with a passenger car only. Therefore, in order to cover in addition to the car-to-car the car-to-pedestrian and car-to-bicycle collisions, it is appropriate to refer in Annex I to Regulation (EU) 2019/2144 to the 02 series of amendments to UN Regulation No 152.

(3)The 04 series of amendments to UN Regulation No 127 contain provisions for the enlarged head impact zone to improve the pedestrian safety performance of motor vehicles in case of a collision. As Annex I to Regulation (EU) 2019/2144 refers to 02 series of amendments of that UN Regulation, it is necessary to update Annex I to Regulation (EU) 2019/2144 to refer to the 04 series of amendments of UN Regulation No 127.

(4)The UNECE WP.29 also adopted: (1) UN Regulation No 167 – Uniform Provisions Concerning the Approval of Motor Vehicles with regard to their Direct Vision [2024/1065] 8 , (2) UN Regulation No 169 – Uniform Provisions Concerning the Approval of Event Data Recorders (EDR) for Heavy-Duty Vehicles [2024/1218] 9  and (3) UN Regulation No 171 – Uniform provisions concerning the approval of vehicles with regards to Driver Control Assistance Systems [2024/2689] 10 . It is therefore appropriate to introduce in Annex I to Regulation (EU) 2019/2144 references to those regulations.

(5)The 04 series of amendments to UN Regulation No 117 contain provisions for the approval of tyres with regard to their wet grip in worn state. It is appropriate to provide additional time to continue to allow fitting on a vehicle in use of new tyres approved as complying with the 02 and 03 series of amendments respectively to UN Regulation No 117 until 6 January 2029.

(6)At the 192th session of UNECE WP.29 in March 2024, the Union and its Member States voted in favour of the new UN Regulation on uniform provisions concerning the approval of vehicles with regards to driver control assistance systems. In order for motor vehicles fitted with those systems to comply with the provisions set out in that UN Regulation, it is necessary to include the reference to UN Regulation No 171 in Annex II to Regulation (EU) 2019/2144 that should apply on “if fitted” basis.

(7)Regulation (EU) 2019/2144 should therefore be amended accordingly,

HAS ADOPTED THIS REGULATION:

Article 1

Amendments to Regulation (EU) 2019/2144

Annexes I and II to Regulation (EU) 2019/2144 are amended in accordance with the Annex to this Regulation.

Article 2

Entry into force

This Regulation shall enter into force on the twentieth day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.

This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States.

Done at Brussels, 5.6.2025

(1)    OJ L 325, 16.12.2019, p. 1, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2019/2144/oj.

(2)    Regulation No 34 of the Economic Commission for Europe of the United Nations (UN/ECE) – Uniform provisions concerning the approval of vehicles with regard to the prevention of fire risks [2025/….] (OJ L, 2025/…., ELI: …) [OJ reference to be inserted by the Publications Office].

(3)    Regulation No 79 of the Economic Commission for Europe of the United Nations (UN/ECE) – Uniform provisions concerning the approval of vehicles with regard to their steering equipment [2025/3] (OJ L, 2025/3, 10.1.2025, ELI:  http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2025/3/oj ).

(4)    Regulation No 100 of the Economic Commission for Europe of the United Nations (UN/ECE) – Uniform provisions concerning the approval of vehicles with regard to specific requirements for the electric power train [2024/1955] (OJ L, 2024/1955, 26.7.2024, ELI:  http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/1955/oj ).

(5)    UN Regulation No 117 of the Economic Commission for Europe of the United Nations (UN/ECE) – Uniform provisions concerning the approval of tyres with regard to rolling sound emissions and/or to adhesion on wet surfaces and/or to rolling resistance [2024/…] (OJ L, 2024/…., ELI: …) [OJ reference to be inserted by the Publications Office].

(6)    Regulation No 127 of the Economic Commission for Europe of the United Nations (UN/ECE) – Uniform provisions concerning the approval of motor vehicles with regard to their pedestrian safety performance [2025/460] (OJ L, 2025/460, 17.3.2025, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2025/460/oj ).

(7)    Regulation No 152 of the Economic Commission for Europe of the United Nations (UN/ECE) – Uniform provisions concerning the approval of motor vehicles with regard to the Advanced Emergency Braking System (AEBS) for M1 and N1 vehicles [2024/2497] (OJ L, 2024/2497, 27.9.2024, ELI:  http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/2497/oj ).

(8)    UN Regulation No 167 – Uniform Provisions Concerning the Approval of Motor Vehicles with regard to their Direct Vision [2024/1065] (OJ L, 2024/1065, 17.5.2024, ELI:  http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/1065/oj ).

(9)    UN Regulation No 169 – Uniform Provisions Concerning the Approval of Event Data Recorders (EDR) for Heavy-Duty Vehicles [2024/1218] (OJ L, 2024/1218, 23.5.2024, ELI:  http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/1218/oj ).

(10)    UN Regulation No 171 – Uniform provisions concerning the approval of vehicles with regards to Driver Control Assistance Systems [2024/2689] (OJ L, 2024/2689, 4.11.2024, ELI:  http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/2689/oj ).

ANNEX

Annexes I and II to Regulation (EU) 2019/2144 are amended as follows:

(1) Annex I is amended as follows:

(a)		the row for UN Regulation Number 25 is replaced by the following:
‘25		Head restraints (headrests), whether or not incorporated in vehicle seats		Supplement 1 to the 04 series of amendments	OJ L 258, 7.8.2020, p. 30, ELI: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2020/1169/oj	M, N’;
(b)		the row for UN Regulation Number 34 is replaced by the following:
‘34		Prevention of fire risks (liquid fuel tanks)		04 series of amendments	OJ L …, …2025, p. … [OJ reference to UN Regulation 34 to be inserted by the Publications Office]	M, N, O’;
(c)		the row for UN Regulation Number 79 is replaced by the following:
‘79		Steering equipment		04 series of amendments	OJ L 2025/3, 10.1.2025, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2025/3/oj	M, N, O’;
(d)		the row for UN Regulation Number 100 is replaced by the following:
‘100		Electric safety		03 series of amendments	OJ L 2024/1955, 26.7.2024, ELI:  http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/1955/oj	M, N’;
(e)		the row for UN Regulation Number 117 is replaced by the following:
‘117		Tyres with regard to rolling sound emissions, adhesion on wet surfaces and rolling resistance (Classes C1, C2 and C3)		04 series of amendments	OJ L …, …2025 [OJ reference to UN Regulation 117 to be inserted by the Publications Office]	M, N, O’;
(f)		the row for UN Regulation Number 127 is replaced by the following:
‘127		Pedestrian safety		04 series of amendments	OJ L 2025/460, 17.3.2025 ELI:  http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2025/460/oj	M1, N1’;
(g)		the row for UN Regulation Number 152 is replaced by the following:
‘152		Advanced Emergency Braking Systems (AEBS)		02 series of amendments	OJ L 2024/2497, 27.9. 2024, ELI:  http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/2497/oj	M1, N1’;
(h)		the following rows for UN Regulation Numbers 167, 169 and 171 are added:
‘167		Heavy-duty vehicles direct vision		Original version of the Regulation	OJ L 2024/1065, 17.5.2024, ELI:  http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/1065/oj	M2, M3, N2, N3
169		Event Data Recorder for HDVs		Original version of the Regulation	OJ L 2024/1218, 23.5.2024, ELI:  http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/1218/oj	M2, M3, N2, N3
171		Driver Control Assistance Systems (DCAS)		Original version of the Regulation	OJ L, 2024/2689, 4.11.2024, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/2689/oj	M, N

___________________’.

(2) Annex II is amended as follows:

(a)	the row for requirement B2 is replaced by the following:

‘B2 Enlarged head impact zone

UN Regulation No 127

Headform contact with A-pillars, windscreen header and cowl is excluded, but shall be monitored.

C(*)

C(*)

’;

(b)	the row for requirement B9 is replaced by the following:

‘B9 Heavy-duty vehicles direct vision

UN Regulation No 167

D

D

D

D

’;

(c)	the row for requirement C10 is replaced by the following:

‘C10 Tyre safety and environmental performance

UN Regulation No 30 UN Regulation No 54 UN Regulation No 117

A test procedure for worn tyres shall also be ensured; the dates in note C apply (**).

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

A’;

(d)	the rows for requirements E6 and E7 are replaced by the following:

‘E6 Systems to replace driver’s control

UN Regulation No 157 Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2022/1426(***) (for fully automated vehicles)

B(5)

B(5)

B(5)

B(5)

B(5)

B(5)

E7 Systems to provide the vehicle with information on state of vehicle and surrounding area

UN Regulation No 157 Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2022/1426 (for fully automated vehicles)

B(5)

B(5)

B(5)

B(5)

B(5)

B(5)

’;

(e)	in section E “Driver and System Behaviour”, the following rows for requirements E10 and E11 are added:

‘E10 Systems to assist the driver in performing vehicle dynamic control

UN Regulation No 171

IF

IF

IF

IF

IF

IF

E11 Automated valet parking

Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2022/1426, Annex V

IF

IF

IF

IF

IF

IF

’;

________________

‘()		In application of the transitional provisions of 04 series of amendments to UN Regulation No 127, type approvals issued using the specific provisions related to WAD 2,100 boundary on the bonnet top shall continue to be accepted until 1 September 2029. Type approvals issued using the specific provisions of the rear physical edge of the bonnet instead of the BRRL shall continue to be accepted until 1 September 2031.
(**)		In application of the transitional provisions of 04 series of amendments to UN Regulation No 117, new tyres approved in accordance with the requirements of 02 or 03 series of amendments to that UN Regulation and manufactured before 7 July 2026, may continue to be fitted on vehicles in use until 6 January 2029.
(***)		Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2022/1426 of 5 August 2022 laying down rules for the application of Regulation (EU) 2019/2144 of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards uniform procedures and technical specifications for the type-approval of the automated driving system (ADS) of fully automated vehicles (OJ L 221, 26.8.2022, p. 1, ELI:  http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg_impl/2022/1426/oj )’;
(f)		Footnote (5) is replaced as follows:
‘(5)			Compliance is required in case of automated / fully automated vehicles.’;
(g)	The following note is added to the Notes to the table:
‘IF:	Compliance is required if fitted.’.