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Official Journal
of the European Union

EN

L series

2026/331

21.4.2026

COMMISSION DELEGATED REGULATION (EU) 2026/331

of 13 February 2026

supplementing Regulation (EU) 2024/3110 of the European Parliament and of the Council by determining classes of performance in relation to the essential characteristic reaction to fire

(Text with EEA relevance)

THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION,

Having regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,

Having regard to Regulation (EU) 2024/3110 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 November 2024 laying down harmonised rules for the marketing of construction products and repealing Regulation (EU) No 305/2011 (1), and in particular Article 5(5), third subparagraph thereof,

Whereas:

(1)

In order to enable manufacturers to declare sufficiently detailed classes of performance of products within the harmonised zone established pursuant to Article 11 of Regulation (EU) 2024/3110, it is necessary to establish classes of performance that are aligned to the latest technological and market developments.

(2)

Classes of performance in relation to the essential characteristic reaction to fire were established by Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2016/364 (2) on the basis of Regulation (EU) No 305/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council (3). However, those classes of performance are not applicable under Regulation (EU) 2024/3110. Therefore, in order to keep the continuity of the system, the CPR Acquis Expert Group advised the Commission to establish the same classes of performance set out by Delegated Regulation (EU) 2016/364.

(3)

The Commission should therefore determine the classes of performance to be used for the declaration of the essential characteristic reaction to fire,

HAS ADOPTED THIS REGULATION:

Article 1

The classes of performance in relation to the essential characteristic reaction to fire of products shall be those set out in the Annex.

Article 2

This Regulation shall enter into force on the twentieth day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.

This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States.

Done at Brussels, 13 February 2026.

For the Commission

The President

Ursula VON DER LEYEN

(1)   OJ L, 2024/3110, 18.12.2024, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/3110/oj.

(2)  Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2016/364 of 1 July 2015 on the classification of the reaction to fire performance of construction products pursuant to Regulation (EU) No 305/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council (OJ L 68, 15.3.2016, p. 4, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg_del/2016/364/oj).

(3)  Regulation (EU) No 305/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9 March 2011 laying down harmonised conditions for the marketing of construction products and repealing Council Directive 89/106/EEC (OJ L 88, 4.4.2011, p. 5, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2011/305/oj).

ANNEX

A.   SYMBOLS

For the purposes of this Annex, the following symbols apply:

For all classes

ΔΤ

temperature rise

Δm

mass loss

tf

duration of flaming

PCS

gross calorific potential

LFS

lateral flame spread

SMOGRA

smoke growth rate

For all classes except for classes related to electric cables

FIGRA

fire growth rate

THR

total heat release

TSP

total smoke production

Fs

flame spread

For classes related to electric cables only

HRRsm30, kW

heat release rate averaged by a 30-s sliding average

SPRsm60, m2/s

smoke production rate averaged by a 60-s sliding average

Peak HRR, kW

maximum of HRRsm30 between test start and end of test, excluded contribution from ignition source

Peak SPR, m2/s

maximum of SPRsm60 between test start and end of test

THR1200, MJ

total heat release (HRRsm30) from test start until end of test, excluded contribution from ignition source

TSP1200, m2

total smoke production (HRRsm60) from test start until end of test

FIGRA, W/s

fire growth rate index defined as the highest value of the quotient between HRRsm30 excluding the contribution of ignition source and time. Threshold values HRRsm30 = 3 kW and THR = 0,4 MJ

FS

flame spread (damaged length)

H

flame spread

B.   DEFINITIONS

For the purposes of this Annex the following definitions apply:

(1)

‘material’ means a single basic substance or uniformly dispersed mixture of substances;

(2)

‘homogeneous product’ means a product consisting of a single material, having uniform density and composition throughout the product;

(3)

‘non-homogeneous product’ means a product that does not satisfy the requirements of a homogeneous product and that is composed of one or more components, substantial and/or non-substantial;

(4)

‘substantial component’ means a material that constitutes a significant part of a non-homogeneous product. A layer with a mass per unit area ≥ 1,0 kg/m2 or a thickness ≥ 1,0 mm is considered to be a substantial component;

(5)

‘non-substantial component’ means a material that does not constitute a significant part of a non-homogeneous product. A layer with a mass per unit area < 1,0 kg/m2 and a thickness < 1,0 mm is considered to be a non- substantial component. Two or more non-substantial layers that are adjacent to each other, where there are no substantial components in between the layers, are considered as one non-substantial component and are classified in accordance with the criteria for a layer that is a non-substantial component;

(6)

‘internal non-substantial component’ means a non-substantial component that is covered on both sides by at least one substantial component;

(7)

‘external non-substantial component’ means a non-substantial component that is not covered on one side by a substantial component.

C.   CLASSES OF PERFORMANCE IN RELATION TO THE ESSENTIAL CHARACTERISTIC REACTION TO FIRE OF PRODUCTS

General

The relevant definitions, tests and performance criteria are fully described or referenced in the relevant harmonised technical specifications, European assessment documents, European reaction to fire classification standards and European testing standards.

1.   Products excluding floorings, linear pipe thermal insulation products, and electric cables

Table 1

Class

Test method(s)

Classification criteria

Additional classification

A1

Non-combustibility test (1);

and

ΔΤ ≤ 30 °C;

and

Δm ≤ 50 %;

and

tf = 0 (that is to say, no sustained flaming).

 

Heat of combustion test

PCS ≤ 2,0 MJkg-1  (1);

and

PCS ≤ 2,0 MJkg-1  (2)  (3);

and

PCS ≤ 1,4 MJm-2  (4);

and

PCS ≤ 2,0 MJkg-1  (5).

 

A2

Non-combustibility test (1);

or

ΔΤ ≤ 50 °C;

and

Δm ≤ 50 %;

and

tf ≤ 20 s.

 

Heat of combustion test;

and

PCS ≤ 3,0 MJkg-1  (1);

and

PCS ≤ 4,0 MJm-2  (2);

and

PCS ≤ 4,0 MJm-2  (4);

and

PCS ≤ 3,0 MJkg-1  (5).

 

Single burning item test).

FIGRA0,2MJ ≤ 120 Ws-1;

and

LFS < edge of specimen;

and

THR600s ≤ 7,5 MJ.

Smoke production (6);

and

Flaming droplets/particles (7).

B

Single burning item test;

and

FIGRA0,2MJ ≤ 120 Ws-1;

and

LFS < edge of specimen;

and

THR600s ≤ 7,5 MJ.

Smoke production (6);

and

Flaming droplets/particles (7).

Ignitability test (8):

Exposure = 30 s.

Fs ≤ 150 mm within 60 s.

C

Single burning item test;

and

FIGRA0,4MJ ≤ 250 Ws-1;

and

LFS < edge of specimen;

and

THR600s ≤ 15 MJ.

Smoke production (6);

and

Flaming droplets/particles (7).

Ignitability test (8):

Exposure = 30 s.

Fs ≤ 150 mm within 60 s.

D

Single burning item test;

and

FIGRA0,4MJ ≤ 750 Ws-1.

Smoke production (6);

and

Flaming droplets/particles (7).

Ignitability test (8):

Exposure = 30 s.

Fs ≤ 150 mm within 60 s.

E

Ignitability test (8):

Exposure = 15 s.

Fs ≤ 150 mm within 20 s.

Flaming droplets/particles (9)

F

Ignitability test (8):

Exposure = 15 s.

Fs > 150 mm within 20 s.

 

(1)  For homogeneous products and substantial components of non-homogeneous products.

(2)  For any external non-substantial component of non-homogeneous products.

(3)  Alternatively, any external non-substantial component having a PCS ≤ 2,0 MJm-2, provided that the product satisfies the following criteria of Single burning item test: FIGRA ≤ 20 Ws-1; and

LFS < edge of specimen; and

THR600s ≤ 4,0 MJ; and

s1; and

d0.

(4)  For any internal non-substantial component of non-homogeneous products.

(5)  For the product as a whole.

(6)  s1 = SMOGRA ≤ 30 m2s-2 and TSP600s ≤ 50 m2;

s2 = SMOGRA ≤ 180 m2s-2 and TSP600s ≤ 200 m2;

s3 = not s1 or s2.

(7)  d0 = no flaming droplets/particles in Single burning item test within 600 s;

d1 = no flaming droplets/particles persisting longer than 10 s in Single burning item test within 600 s;

d2 = not d0 or d1;

Ignition of the paper in Ignitability test results in a d2 classification.

(8)  Under conditions of surface flame attack and, if appropriate to the intended use of the product, edge flame attack.

(9)  No ignition of the paper = no additional classification;

Ignition of the paper = d2 classification.

2.   Floorings

Table 2

Class

Test method(s)

Classification criteria

Additional classification

A1FL

Non-combustibility test (10);

and

ΔΤ ≤ 30 °C;

and

Δm ≤ 50 %;

and

tf = 0 (that is to say, no sustained flaming).

 

Heat of combustion test.

PCS ≤ 2,0 MJkg-1  (10);

and

PCS ≤ 2,0 MJkg-1  (11);

and

PCS ≤ 1,4 MJm-2  (12);

and

PCS ≤ 2,0 MJkg-1  (13).

 

A2FL

Non-combustibility test (10);

or

ΔΤ ≤ 50 °C;

and

Δm ≤ 50 %;

and

tf ≤ 20 s.

 

Heat of combustion test;

and

PCS ≤ 3,0 MJkg-1  (10);

and

PCS ≤ 4,0 MJm-2  (11);

and

PCS ≤ 4,0 MJm-2  (12);

and

PCS ≤ 3,0 MJkg-1  (13).

 

Determination of the burning behaviour using a radiant heat source test (14).

Critical flux (15) ≥ 8,0 kWm-2.

Smoke production (16).

BFL

Determination of the burning behaviour using a radiant heat source test (14);

and

Critical flux (15) ≥ 8,0 kWm-2.

Smoke production (16).

Ignitability test (17):

Exposure = 15 s.

Fs ≤ 150 mm within 20 s.

CFL

Determination of the burning behaviour using a radiant heat source test (14);

and

Critical flux (15) ≥ 4,5 kWm-2.

Smoke production (16).

Ignitability test (17):

Exposure = 15 s.

Fs ≤ 150 mm within 20 s.

DFL

Determination of the burning behaviour using a radiant heat source test (14);

and

Critical flux (15) ≥ 3,0 kWm-2.

Smoke production (16).

Ignitability test (17):

Exposure = 15 s.

Fs ≤ 150 mm within 20 s.

EFL

Ignitability test (17):

Exposure = 15 s.

Fs ≤ 150 mm within 20 s.

 

FFL

Ignitability test (17):

Exposure = 15 s.

Fs > 150 mm within 20 s.

 

(10)  For homogeneous products and substantial components of non-homogeneous products.

(11)  For any external non-substantial component of non-homogeneous products.

(12)  For any internal non-substantial component of non-homogeneous products.

(13)  For the product as a whole.

(14)  Test duration = 30 minutes.

(15)  Critical flux is defined as the radiant flux at which the flame extinguishes or the radiant flux after a test period of 30 minutes, whichever is the lower (i.e. the flux corresponding with the furthest extent of spread of flame).

(16)  s1 = smoke ≤ 750 %.min;

s2 = not s1.

(17)  Under conditions of surface flame attack and, if appropriate to the intended use of the product, edge flame attack.

3.   Linear pipe insulation products

Table 3

Class

Test method(s)

Classification criteria

Additional classification

A1L

Non-combustibility test (18);

and

ΔΤ ≤ 30 °C;

and

Δm ≤ 50 %;

and

tf = 0 (that is to say, no sustained flaming).

 

Heat of combustion test.

PCS ≤ 2,0 MJkg-1  (18);

and

PCS ≤ 2,0 MJkg-1  (19);

and

PCS ≤ 1,4 MJm-2  (20);

and

PCS ≤ 2,0 MJkg-1  (21).

 

A2L

Non-combustibility test (18);

or

ΔΤ ≤ 50 °C;

and

Δm ≤ 50 %;

and

tf ≤ 20 s.

 

Heat of combustion test;

and

PCS ≤ 3,0 MJkg-1  (18);

and

PCS ≤ 4,0 MJm-2  (19);

and

PCS ≤ 4,0 MJm-2  (20);

and

PCS ≤ 3,0 MJkg-1  (21).

 

Single burning item test.

FIGRA0,2MJ ≤ 270 Ws-1;

and

LFS < edge of specimen;

and

THR600s ≤ 7,5 MJ.

Smoke production (22);

and

Flaming droplets/particles (23).

BL

Single burning item test;

and

FIGRA0,2MJ ≤ 270 Ws-1;

and

LFS < edge of specimen;

and

THR600s ≤ 7,5 MJ.

Smoke production (22);

and

Flaming droplets/particles (23).

Ignitability test (24):

Exposure = 30 s.

Fs ≤ 150 mm within 60 s.

CL

Single burning item test;

and

FIGRA0,2MJ ≤ 460 Ws-1;

and

LFS < edge of specimen;

and

THR600s ≤ 15 MJ.

Smoke production (22);

and

Flaming droplets/particles (23).

Ignitability test (24):

Exposure = 30 s.

Fs ≤ 150 mm within 60 s.

DL

Single burning item test;

and

FIGRA0,4MJ ≤ 2 100 Ws-1;

and

THR600s ≤ 100 MJ.

Smoke production (22);

and

Flaming droplets/particles (23).

Ignitability test (24):

Exposure = 30 s.

Fs ≤ 150 mm within 60 s.

EL

Ignitability test (24):

Exposure = 15 s.

Fs ≤ 150 mm within 20 s.

Flaming droplets/particles (25).

FL

Ignitability test (24):

Exposure = 15 s.

Fs > 150 mm within 20 s.

 

(18)  For homogeneous products and substantial components of non-homogeneous products.

(19)  For any external non-substantial component of non-homogeneous products.

(20)  For any internal non-substantial component of non-homogeneous products.

(21)  For the product as a whole.

(22)  s1 = SMOGRA ≤ 105 m2s-2 and TSP600s ≤ 250 m2;

s2 = SMOGRA ≤ 580 m2s-2 and TSP600s ≤ 1 600 m2;

s3 = not s1 or s2.

(23)  d0 = no flaming droplets/particles in Single burning item test within 600 s;

d1 = no flaming droplets/particles persisting longer than 10 s in Single burning item test within 600 s;

d2 = not d0 or d1;

Ignition of the paper in Ignitability test results in a d2 classification.

(24)  Under conditions of surface flame attack and, if appropriate to the intended use of the product, edge flame attack.

(25)  No ignition of the paper = no additional classification;

Ignition of the paper = d2 classification.

4.   Electric cables

Table 4

Class

Test method(s)

Classification criteria

Additional classification

Aca

Heat of combustion test.

PCS ≤ 2,0 MJkg-1  (26).

 

B1ca

Burning behaviour and smoke production of bunched cable test (30 kW flame source);

and

FS ≤ 1,75 m;

and

THR1200s ≤ 10 MJ

and

Peak HRR ≤ 20 kW

and

FIGRA ≤ 120 Ws-1.

Smoke production (27)  (28);

and

Flaming droplets/particles (29);

and

Acidity (pH and conductivity) (30).

Vertical flame spread of single cable test.

H ≤ 425 mm.

B2ca

Burning behaviour and smoke production of bunched cable test (20,5 kW flame source);

and

FS ≤ 1,5 m;

and

THR1200s ≤ 15 MJ

and

Peak HRR ≤ 30 kW

and

FIGRA ≤ 150 Ws-1.

Smoke production (27)  (31);

and

Flaming droplets/particles (29);

and

Acidity (pH and conductivity) (30).

Vertical flame spread of single cable test.

H ≤ 425 mm.

Cca

Burning behaviour and smoke production of bunched cable test (20,5 kW flame source);

and

FS ≤ 2,0 m;

and

THR1200s ≤ 30 MJ;

and

Peak HRR ≤ 60 kW;

and

FIGRA ≤ 300 Ws-1.

Smoke production (27)  (31);

and

Flaming droplets/particles (29);

and

Acidity (pH and conductivity) (30).

Vertical flame spread of single cable test.

H ≤ 425 mm.

Dca

Burning behaviour and smoke production of bunched cable test (20,5 kW flame source);

and

THR1200s ≤ 70 MJ;

and

Peak HRR ≤ 400 kW;

and

FIGRA ≤ 1 300 Ws-1.

Smoke production (27)  (31);

and

Flaming droplets/particles (29);

and

Acidity (pH and conductivity) (30).

Vertical flame spread of single cable test.

H ≤ 425 mm.

Eca

Vertical flame spread of single cable test.

H ≤ 425 mm.

 

Fca

Vertical flame spread of single cable test.

H > 425 mm.

 

(26)  For the product as a whole, excluding metallic materials, and for any external component (that is to say, sheath) of the product.

(27)  s1 = TSP1200 ≤ 50 m2 and Peak SPR ≤ 0,25 m2/s;

s1a = s1 and transmittance in accordance with Smoke production of burning cable test ≥ 80 %;

s1b = s1 and transmittance in accordance with Smoke production of burning cable test ≥ 60 % < 80 %;

s2 = TSP1200 ≤ 400 m2 and Peak SPR ≤ 1,5 m2/s;

s3 = not s1 or s2.

(28)  The smoke class declared for class B1ca cables must originate from the Burning behaviour and smoke production of bunched cable test (30 kW flame source).

(29)  d0 = no flaming droplets/particles within 1 200  s;

d1 = no flaming droplets/particles persisting longer than 10 s within 1 200  s;

d2 = not d0 or d1.

(30)  Acidity of gases produced by burning cables test:

 

a1 = conductivity < 2,5 μS/mm and pH > 4,3;

 

a2 = conductivity < 10 μS/mm and pH > 4,3;

 

a3 = not a1 or a2.

(31)  The smoke class declared for class B2ca, Cca, Dca cables must originate from the Burning behaviour and smoke production of bunched cable test (20,5 kW flame source).

ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg_del/2026/331/oj

ISSN 1977-0677 (electronic edition)