ISSN 1977-091X |
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Official Journal of the European Union |
C 100 |
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English edition |
Information and Notices |
Volume 65 |
Contents |
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II Information |
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INFORMATION FROM EUROPEAN UNION INSTITUTIONS, BODIES, OFFICES AND AGENCIES |
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European Commission |
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2022/C 100/01 |
Non-opposition to a notified concentration (Case M.10320 – APERAM / ELG HANIEL) ( 1 ) |
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2022/C 100/02 |
Non-opposition to a notified concentration (Case M.10601 – WARBURG PINCUS / OXFORD PROPERTIES / HALE) ( 1 ) |
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IV Notices |
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NOTICES FROM EUROPEAN UNION INSTITUTIONS, BODIES, OFFICES AND AGENCIES |
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Council |
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2022/C 100/03 |
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European Commission |
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2022/C 100/04 |
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2022/C 100/05 |
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NOTICES FROM MEMBER STATES |
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2022/C 100/06 |
Information communicated by Member States regarding closure of fisheries |
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V Announcements |
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ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES |
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European Commission |
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2022/C 100/07 |
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2022/C 100/08 |
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PROCEDURES RELATING TO THE IMPLEMENTATION OF COMPETITION POLICY |
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European Commission |
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2022/C 100/09 |
Prior notification of a concentration (Case M.10559 – A P MOELLER-MAERSK / SENATOR INTERNATIONAL) ( 1 ) |
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OTHER ACTS |
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European Commission |
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2022/C 100/10 |
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(1) Text with EEA relevance. |
EN |
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II Information
INFORMATION FROM EUROPEAN UNION INSTITUTIONS, BODIES, OFFICES AND AGENCIES
European Commission
1.3.2022 |
EN |
Official Journal of the European Union |
C 100/1 |
Non-opposition to a notified concentration
(Case M.10320 – APERAM / ELG HANIEL)
(Text with EEA relevance)
(2022/C 100/01)
On 25 November 2021, the Commission decided not to oppose the above notified concentration and to declare it compatible with the internal market. This decision is based on Article 6(1)(b) of Council Regulation (EC) No 139/2004 (1). The full text of the decision is available only in English and will be made public after it is cleared of any business secrets it may contain. It will be available:
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in the merger section of the ‘Competition policy’ website of the Commission (http://ec.europa.eu/competition/mergers/cases/). This website provides various facilities to help locate individual merger decisions, including company, case number, date and sectoral indexes, |
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in electronic form on the EUR-Lex website (http://eur-lex.europa.eu/homepage.html?locale=en) under document number 32021M10320. EUR-Lex is the online point of access to European Union law. |
1.3.2022 |
EN |
Official Journal of the European Union |
C 100/2 |
Non-opposition to a notified concentration
(Case M.10601 – WARBURG PINCUS / OXFORD PROPERTIES / HALE)
(Text with EEA relevance)
(2022/C 100/02)
On 21 February 2022, the Commission decided not to oppose the above notified concentration and to declare it compatible with the internal market. This decision is based on Article 6(1)(b) of Council Regulation (EC) No 139/2004 (1). The full text of the decision is available only in English and will be made public after it is cleared of any business secrets it may contain. It will be available:
— |
in the merger section of the ‘Competition policy’ website of the Commission (http://ec.europa.eu/competition/mergers/cases/). This website provides various facilities to help locate individual merger decisions, including company, case number, date and sectoral indexes, |
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in electronic form on the EUR-Lex website (http://eur-lex.europa.eu/homepage.html?locale=en) under document number 32022M10601. EUR-Lex is the online point of access to European Union law. |
IV Notices
NOTICES FROM EUROPEAN UNION INSTITUTIONS, BODIES, OFFICES AND AGENCIES
Council
1.3.2022 |
EN |
Official Journal of the European Union |
C 100/3 |
COMMON MILITARY LIST OF THE EUROPEAN UNION
adopted by the Council on 21 February 2022
(equipment covered by Council Common Position 2008/944/CFSP defining common rules governing the control of exports of military technology and equipment)
(updating and replacing the Common Military List of the European Union adopted by the Council on 17 February 2020 (1))
(CFSP)
(2022/C 100/03)
Note 1 |
Terms in ‘quotations’ are defined terms. Refer to ’Definitions of Terms used in this List’ annexed to this List. |
Note 2 |
In some instances chemicals are listed by name and CAS number. The list applies to chemicals of the same structural formula (including hydrates) regardless of name or CAS number. CAS numbers are shown to assist in identifying a particular chemical or mixture, irrespective of nomenclature. CAS numbers cannot be used as unique identifiers because some forms of the listed chemical have different CAS numbers, and mixtures containing a listed chemical may also have different CAS numbers. |
ML1
Smooth-bore weapons with a calibre of less than 20 mm, other arms and automatic weapons with a calibre of 12,7 mm (calibre 0,50 inches) or less and accessories, as follows, and specially designed components therefor:
Note |
ML1. does not apply to:
|
Technical Note
A ‘deactivated firearm’ is a firearm that has been made incapable of firing any projectile by processes defined by the Wassenaar Arrangement Participating State’s national authority. These processes irreversibly modify the essential elements of the firearm. According to national laws and regulations, deactivation of the firearm may be attested by a certificate delivered by a competent authority and may be marked on the firearm by a stamp on an essential part.
a. |
Rifles and combination guns, handguns, machine, sub-machine and volley guns;
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b. |
Smooth-bore weapons as follows:
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c. |
Weapons using caseless ammunition; |
d. |
Accessories designed for arms specified by ML1.a., ML1.b. or ML1.c., as follows:
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ML2
Smooth-bore weapons with a calibre of 20 mm or more, other weapons or armament with a calibre greater than 12,7 mm (calibre 0,50 inches), projectors specially designed or modified for military use and accessories, as follows, and specially designed components therefor:
a. |
Guns, howitzers, cannon, mortars, anti-tank weapons, projectile launchers, military flame throwers, rifles, recoilless rifles and smooth-bore weapons;
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b. |
Projectors, specially designed or modified for military use, as follows:
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c. |
Accessories specially designed for the weapons specified in ML2.a., as follows:
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d. |
Not used since 2019. |
ML3
Ammunition and fuze setting devices, as follows, and specially designed components therefor:
a. |
Ammunition for weapons specified by ML1, ML2 or ML12; |
b. |
Fuze setting devices specially designed for ammunition specified by ML3.a. |
Note 1 |
Specially designed components specified by ML3 include:
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Note 2 |
ML3.a. does not apply to any of the following:
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Note 3 |
ML3.a. does not apply to cartridges specially designed for any of the following purposes:
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ML4
Bombs, torpedoes, rockets, missiles, other explosive devices and charges and related equipment and accessories, as follows, and specially designed components therefor:
N.B.1: |
For guidance and navigation equipment, see ML11. |
N.B.2: |
For Aircraft Missile Protection Systems (AMPS), see ML4.c. |
a. |
Bombs, torpedoes, grenades, smoke canisters, rockets, mines, missiles, depth charges, demolition-charges, demolition-devices, demolition-kits, ‘pyrotechnic’ devices, cartridges and simulators (i.e. equipment simulating the characteristics of any of these items), specially designed for military use;
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b. |
Equipment having all of the following:
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c. |
Aircraft Missile Protection Systems (AMPS).
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ML5
Fire control, surveillance and warning equipment, and related systems, test and alignment and countermeasure equipment, as follows, specially designed for military use, and specially designed components and accessories therefor:
a. |
Weapon sights, bombing computers, gun laying equipment and weapon control systems; |
b. |
Other fire control, surveillance and warning equipment, and related systems, as follows:
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c. |
Countermeasure equipment for items specified by ML5.a. or ML5.b.;
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d. |
Field test or alignment equipment, specially designed for items specified by ML5.a., ML5.b. or ML5.c. |
ML6
Ground vehicles and components, as follows:
N.B. |
For guidance and navigation equipment, see ML11. |
a. |
Ground vehicles and components therefor, specially designed or modified for military use;
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b. |
Other ground vehicles and components, as follows:
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N.B. |
See also ML13.a. |
Note 1 |
ML6 does not apply to civil vehicles designed or modified for transporting money or valuables. |
Note 2 |
ML6. does not apply to vehicles that meet all of the following;
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ML7
Chemical agents, ‘biological agents’, ‘riot control agents’, radioactive materials, related equipment, components and materials, as follows:
a. |
‘Biological agents’ or radioactive materials selected or modified to increase their effectiveness in producing casualties in humans or animals, degrading equipment or damaging crops or the environment; |
b. |
Chemical warfare (CW) agents, including:
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c. |
CW binary precursors and key precursors, as follows:
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d. |
‘Riot control agents’, active constituent chemicals and combinations thereof, including:
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e. |
Equipment specially designed or modified for military use, designed or modified for the dissemination of any of the following, and specially designed components therefor:
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f. |
Protective and decontamination equipment, specially designed or modified for military use, components and chemical mixtures, as follows:
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g. |
Equipment specially designed or modified for military use designed or modified for the detection or identification of materials specified by ML7.a., ML7.b. or ML7.d., and specially designed components therefor;
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h. |
‘Biopolymers’ specially designed or processed for the detection or identification of CW agents specified by ML7.b., and the cultures of specific cells used to produce them; |
i. |
‘Biocatalysts’ for the decontamination or degradation of CW agents, and biological systems therefor, as follows:
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ML8
‘Energetic materials’, and related substances, as follows:
N.B.1. |
See also entry 1C011 on the EU Dual-Use List. |
N.B.2. |
For charges and devices, see ML4 and entry 1A008 on the EU Dual-Use List. |
Technical Notes
1. |
For the purposes of ML8., excluding ML8.c.11. or ML8.c.12.,’mixture’ refers to a composition of two or more substances with at least one substance being listed in the ML8 sub-items. |
2. |
Any substance listed in the ML8 sub-items is subject to this list, even when utilised in an application other than that indicated. (e.g. TAGN is predominantly used as an explosive but can also be used either as a fuel or an oxidizer.) |
3. |
For the purposes of ML8., particle size is the mean particle diameter on a weight or volume basis. International or equivalent national standards will be used in sampling and determining particle size. |
a. |
‘Explosives’ as follows, and ’mixtures’ thereof:
Technical Note An ’explosive co-crystal’ is a solid material consisting of an ordered three dimensional arrangement of two or more explosive molecules, where at least one is specified in ML8.a. |
b. |
‘Propellants’ as follows:
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c. |
‘Pyrotechnics’, fuels and related substances, as follows, and ’mixtures’ thereof:
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d. |
Oxidizers, as follows, and ’mixtures’ thereof:
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e. |
Binders, plasticisers, monomers and polymers, as follows:
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f. |
‘Additives’ as follows:
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g. |
‘Precursors’ as follows:
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h. |
’Reactive material’ powders and shapes, as follows:
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ML9
Vessels of war (surface or underwater), special naval equipment, accessories, components and other surface vessels, as follows:
N.B. |
For guidance and navigation equipment, see ML11. |
a. |
Vessels and components, as follows:
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b. |
Engines and propulsion systems, as follows, specially designed for military use and components therefor specially designed for military use:
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c. |
Underwater detection devices, specially designed for military use, controls therefor and components therefor specially designed for military use; |
d. |
Anti-submarine nets and anti-torpedo nets, specially designed for military use; |
e. |
Not used since 2003; |
f. |
Hull penetrators and connectors, specially designed for military use, that enable interaction with equipment external to a vessel, and components therefor specially designed for military use;
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g. |
Silent bearings having any of the following, components therefor and equipment containing those bearings, specially designed for military use:
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h. |
Nuclear power generating equipment or propulsion equipment, specially designed for vessels specified in ML9.a. and components therefor specially designed or ’modified’ for military use. Technical Note For the purpose of ML9.h., ’modified’ means any structural, electrical, mechanical, or other change that provides a non-military item with military capabilities equivalent to an item which is specially designed for military use.
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ML10
‘Aircraft’, ‘lighter-than-air vehicles’, ‘Unmanned Aerial Vehicles’ (‘UAVs’), aero-engines and ‘aircraft’ equipment, related equipment, and components, as follows, specially designed or modified for military use:
N.B. |
For guidance and navigation equipment, see ML11. |
a. |
Manned ‘aircraft’ and ‘lighter-than-air vehicles’, and specially designed components therefor; |
b. |
Not used since 2011; |
c. |
Unmanned ‘aircraft’ and ‘lighter-than-air vehicles’, and related equipment, as follows, and specially designed components therefor:
|
d. |
Propulsion aero-engines and specially designed components therefor; |
e. |
Airborne refuelling equipment specially designed or modified for any of the following, and specially designed components therefor:
|
f. |
Ground equipment specially designed for ‘aircraft’ specified by ML10.a. or aero-engines specified by ML10.d.;
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g. |
Aircrew life support equipment, aircrew safety equipment and other devices for emergency escape, not specified in ML10.a., designed for ‘aircraft’ specified by ML10.a.;
|
h. |
Parachutes, paragliders and related equipment, as follows, and specially designed components therefor:
|
i. |
Controlled opening equipment or automatic piloting systems, designed for parachuted loads.
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ML11
Electronic equipment, ‘spacecraft’ and components, not specified elsewhere on the EU Common Military List, as follows:
a. |
Electronic equipment specially designed for military use and specially designed components therefor;
|
b. |
‘Satellite navigation system’ jamming equipment and specially designed components therefor; |
c. |
‘Spacecraft’ specially designed or modified for military use, and ‘spacecraft’ components specially designed for military use. |
ML12
High velocity kinetic energy weapon systems and related equipment, as follows, and specially designed components therefor:
a. |
Kinetic energy weapon systems specially designed for destruction or effecting mission-abort of a target; |
b. |
Specially designed test and evaluation facilities and test models, including diagnostic instrumentation and targets, for dynamic testing of kinetic energy projectiles and systems.
|
ML13
Armoured or protective equipment, constructions, components, and accessories, as follows:
a. |
Metallic or non-metallic armoured plate, having any of the following:
|
b. |
Constructions of metallic or non-metallic materials, or combinations thereof, specially designed to provide ballistic protection for military systems, and specially designed components therefor; |
c. |
Helmets and specially designed components and accessories therefor, as follows:
|
d. |
Body armour or protective garments, and components therefor, as follows:
|
ML14
’Specialised equipment for military training’ or for simulating military scenarios, simulators specially designed for training in the use of any firearm or weapon specified by ML1 or ML2, and specially designed components and accessories therefor.Technical Note
The term ’specialised equipment for military training’ includes military types of attack trainers, operational flight trainers, radar target trainers, radar target generators, gunnery training devices, anti-submarine warfare trainers, flight simulators (including human-rated centrifuges for pilot/astronaut training), radar trainers, instrument flight trainers, navigation trainers, missile launch trainers, target equipment, drone ‘aircraft’, armament trainers, pilotless ‘aircraft’ trainers, mobile training units and training equipment for ground military operations.
Note 1 |
ML14 includes image generating and interactive environment systems for simulators, when specially designed or modified for military use. |
Note 2 |
ML14 does not apply to equipment specially designed for training in the use of hunting or sporting weapons. |
ML15
Imaging or countermeasure equipment, as follows, specially designed for military use, and specially designed components and accessories therefor:
a. |
Recorders and image processing equipment; |
b. |
Cameras, photographic equipment and film processing equipment; |
c. |
Image intensifier equipment; |
d. |
Infrared or thermal imaging equipment; |
e. |
Imaging radar sensor equipment; |
f. |
Countermeasure or counter-countermeasure equipment, for the equipment specified by ML15.a. to ML15.e.
|
ML16
Forgings, castings and other unfinished products, specially designed for items specified by ML1 to ML4, ML6, ML9, ML10, ML12 or ML19.
Note |
ML16. applies to unfinished products when they are identifiable by material composition, geometry or function. |
ML17
Miscellaneous equipment, materials and ‘libraries’, as follows, and specially designed components therefor:
a. |
Diving and underwater swimming apparatus, specially designed or modified for military use, as follows:
|
b. |
Construction equipment specially designed for military use; |
c. |
Fittings, coatings and treatments, for signature suppression, specially designed for military use; |
d. |
Field engineer equipment specially designed for use in a combat zone; |
e. |
‘Robots’, ‘robot’ controllers and ‘robot’‘end-effectors’, having any of the following characteristics:
|
f. |
‘Libraries’ specially designed or modified for military use with systems, equipment or components, specified by the EU Common Military List; |
g. |
Nuclear power generating equipment or propulsion equipment, not specified elsewhere, specially designed for military use and components therefor specially designed or ’modified’ for military use;
|
h. |
Equipment and material, coated or treated for signature suppression, specially designed for military use, not specified elsewhere in the EU Common Military List; |
i. |
Simulators specially designed for military ‘nuclear reactors’; |
j. |
Mobile repair shops specially designed or ’modified’ to service military equipment; |
k. |
Field generators specially designed or ’modified’ for military use; |
l. |
ISO intermodal containers or demountable vehicle bodies (i.e. swap bodies), specially designed or ’modified’ for military use; |
m. |
Ferries, not specified elsewhere in the EU Common Military List, bridges and pontoons, specially designed for military use; |
n. |
Test models specially designed for the ‘development’ of items specified by ML4, ML6, ML9 or ML10; |
o. |
‘Laser’ protection equipment (e.g. eye or sensor protection) specially designed for military use; |
p. |
‘Fuel cells’, not specified elsewhere in the EU Common Military List, specially designed or ’modified’ for military use. |
Technical Notes
1. |
Not used since 2014. |
2. |
For the purpose of ML17, ’modified’ means any structural, electrical, mechanical, or other change that provides a non-military item with military capabilities equivalent to an item which is specially designed for military use. |
ML18
’Production’ equipment, environmental test facilities and components, as follows:
a. |
Specially designed or modified ’production’ equipment for the ’production’ of products specified by the EU Common Military List, and specially designed components therefor; |
b. |
Specially designed environmental test facilities and specially designed equipment therefor, not specified elsewhere, for the certification, qualification or testing of products specified by the EU Common Military List. Technical Note For the purposes of ML18, the term ’production’ includes design, examination, manufacture, testing and checking. |
Note |
ML18.a. and ML18.b. include the following equipment:
|
ML19
Directed Energy Weapon (DEW) systems, related or countermeasure equipment and test models, as follows, and specially designed components therefor:
a. |
‘Laser’ systems specially designed for destruction or effecting mission-abort of a target; |
b. |
Particle beam systems capable of destruction or effecting mission-abort of a target; |
c. |
High power Radio-Frequency (RF) systems capable of destruction or effecting mission-abort of a target; |
d. |
Equipment specially designed for the detection or identification of, or defence against, systems specified by ML19.a. to ML19.c.; |
e. |
Physical test models for the systems, equipment and components, specified by ML19; |
f. |
‘Laser’ systems specially designed to cause permanent blindness to unenhanced vision, i.e. to the naked eye or to the eye with corrective eyesight devices.
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ML20
Cryogenic and ‘superconductive’ equipment, as follows, and specially designed components and accessories therefor:
a. |
Equipment specially designed or configured to be installed in a vehicle for military ground, marine, airborne or space applications, capable of operating while in motion and of producing or maintaining temperatures below 103 K (- 170 °C);
|
b. |
‘Superconductive’ electrical equipment (rotating machinery or transformers) specially designed or configured to be installed in a vehicle for military ground, marine, airborne or space applications, and capable of operating while in motion.
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ML21
‘Software’ as follows:
a. |
‘Software’ specially designed or modified for any of the following:
|
b. |
Specific ‘software’, other than that specified by ML21.a., as follows:
|
c. |
‘Software’, not specified by ML21.a. or ML21.b., specially designed or modified to enable equipment not specified by the EU Common Military List to perform the military functions of equipment specified by the EU Common Military List.
|
ML22
‘Technology’ as follows:
a. |
‘Technology’, other than specified in ML22.b., which is ‘required’ for the ‘development’, ‘production’, operation, installation, maintenance (checking), repair, overhaul or refurbishing of items specified in the EU Common Military List; |
b. |
‘Technology’ as follows:
|
DEFINITIONS OF TERMS USED IN THIS LIST
The following are definitions of the terms used in this List, in alphabetical order.
Note 1 |
Definitions apply throughout the List. The references are purely advisory and have no effect on the universal application of defined terms throughout the List. |
Note 2 |
Words and terms contained in this List of Definitions only take the defined meaning where this is indicated by their being enclosed in ‘double quotations marks’. Definitions of terms between ’single quotation marks’ are given in a Technical note to the relevant item. Elsewhere, words and terms take their commonly accepted (dictionary) meanings. |
ML8 |
‘Additives’ |
Substances used in explosive formulations to improve their properties. |
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ML8, 10, 14 |
‘Aircraft’ |
A fixed wing, swivel wing, rotary wing (helicopter), tilt rotor or tilt-wing airborne vehicle. |
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ML11 |
‘Automated Command and Control Systems’ |
Electronic systems, through which information essential to the effective operation of the grouping, major formation, tactical formation, unit, ship, subunit or weapons under command is entered, processed and transmitted. This is achieved by the use of computer and other specialised hardware designed to support the functions of a military command and control organisation. The main functions of an automated command and control system are: the efficient automated collection, accumulation, storage and processing of information; the display of the situation and the circumstances affecting the preparation and conduct of combat operations; operational and tactical calculations for the allocation of resources among force groupings or elements of the operational order of battle or battle deployment according to the mission or stage of the operation; the preparation of data for appreciation of the situation and decision-making at any point during operation or battle; computer simulation of operations. |
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ML22 |
‘Basic scientific research’ |
Experimental or theoretical work undertaken principally to acquire new knowledge of the fundamental principles of phenomena or observable facts, not primarily directed towards a specific practical aim or objective. |
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ML7, 22 |
‘Biocatalysts’ |
’Enzymes’ for specific chemical or biochemical reactions or other biological compounds which bind to and accelerate the degradation of CW agents. Technical Note ’Enzymes’ means ‘biocatalysts’ for specific chemical or biochemical reactions. |
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ML7 |
‘Biological agents’ |
Pathogens or toxins, selected or modified (such as altering purity, shelf life, virulence, dissemination characteristics, or resistance to UV radiation) to produce casualties in humans or animals, degrade equipment or damage crops or the environment. |
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ML7 |
‘Biopolymers’ |
Biological macromolecules as follows:
Technical Notes
|
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ML4, 10 |
‘Civil aircraft’ |
Those ‘aircraft’ listed by designation in published airworthiness certification lists by civil aviation authorities of one or more EU Member States or Wassenaar Arrangement Participating States to fly commercial civil internal and external routes or for legitimate civil, private or business use. |
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ML21 |
‘Cyber incident response’ |
The process of exchanging necessary information on a cybersecurity incident with individuals or organisations responsible for conducting or coordinating remediation to address the cybersecurity incident. |
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ML17 21, 22 |
‘Development’ |
Is related to all stages prior to serial production, such as: design, design research, design analyses, design concepts, assembly and testing of prototypes, pilot production schemes, design data, process of transforming design data into a product, configuration design, integration design, layouts. |
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ML21 |
‘Digital computer’ |
Equipment which can, in the form of one or more discrete variables, perform all of the following:
Technical Note Modifications of a stored sequence of instructions include replacement of fixed storage devices, but not a physical change in wiring or interconnections. |
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ML17 |
‘End-effectors’ |
Grippers, ’active tooling units’ and any other tooling that is attached to the baseplate on the end of a ‘robot’ manipulator arm. Technical Note ’Active tooling units’ are devices for applying motive power, process energy or sensing to a workpiece. |
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ML8 |
‘Energetic materials’ |
Substances or mixtures that react chemically to release energy required for their intended application. ‘Explosives’, ‘pyrotechnics’ and ‘propellants’ are subclasses of energetic materials. |
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ML6, 13 |
‘Equivalent standards’ |
Comparable national or international standards recognised by one or more EU Member States or Wassenaar Arrangement Participating States and applicable to the relevant entry. |
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ML8, 18 |
‘Explosives’ |
Solid, liquid or gaseous substances or mixtures of substances which, in their application as primary, booster, or main charges in warheads, demolition and other applications, are required to detonate. |
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ML7 |
‘Expression Vectors’ |
Carriers (e.g. plasmid or virus) used to introduce genetic material into host cells. |
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ML13 |
‘Fibrous or filamentary materials’ |
Include:
|
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ML15 |
‘First generation image intensifier tubes’ |
Electrostatically focused tubes, employing input and output fibre optic or glass face plates, multi-alkali photocathodes (S-20 or S-25), but not microchannel plate amplifiers. |
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ML17 |
‘Fuel cell’ |
An electrochemical device that converts chemical energy directly into Direct Current (DC) electricity by consuming fuel from an external source. |
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ML22 |
‘In the public domain’ |
This means ‘technology’ or ‘software’ which has been made available without restrictions upon its further dissemination.
|
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ML9, 19 |
‘Laser’ |
An item that produces spatially and temporally coherent light through amplification by stimulated emission of radiation. |
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ML17 |
‘Library’ (parametric technical database) |
A collection of technical information, reference to which may enhance the performance of relevant systems, equipment or components. |
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ML10 |
‘Lighter-than-air vehicles’ |
Balloons and ‘airships’ that rely on hot air or on lighter-than-air gases such as helium or hydrogen for their lift. Technical Note ‘Airship’ A power-driven airborne vehicle that is kept buoyant by a body of gas (usually helium, formerly hydrogen) which is lighter than air. |
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ML17 |
‘Nuclear reactor’ |
Includes the items within or attached directly to the reactor vessel, the equipment which controls the level of power in the core, and the components which normally contain or come into direct contact with or control the primary coolant of the reactor core. |
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ML8 |
‘Precursors’ |
Speciality chemicals used in the manufacture of explosives. |
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ML 21, 22 |
‘Production’ |
Means all production stages, such as: product engineering, manufacture, integration, assembly (mounting), inspection, testing, quality assurance. |
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ML8 |
‘Propellants’ |
Substances or mixtures that react chemically to produce large volumes of hot gases at controlled rates to perform mechanical work. |
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ML4, 8 |
‘Pyrotechnic(s)’ |
Mixtures of solid or liquid fuels and oxidizers which, when ignited, undergo an energetic chemical reaction at a controlled rate intended to produce specific time delays, or quantities of heat, noise, smoke, visible light or infrared radiation. Pyrophorics are a subclass of pyrotechnics, which contain no oxidizers but ignite spontaneously on contact with air. |
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ML22 |
‘Required’ |
As applied to ‘technology’, refers to only that portion of ‘technology’ which is peculiarly responsible for achieving or exceeding the controlled performance levels, characteristics or functions. Such ‘required’‘technology’ may be shared by different products. |
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ML7 |
‘Riot control agents’ |
Substances which, under the expected conditions of use for riot control purposes, produce rapidly in humans sensory irritation or disabling physical effects which disappear within a short time following termination of exposure. (Tear gases are a subset of ‘riot control agents’.) |
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ML17 |
‘Robot’ |
A manipulation mechanism, which may be of the continuous path or of the point-to-point variety, may use sensors, and has all the following characteristics:
|
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ML11 |
‘Satellite navigation system’ |
A system consisting of ground stations, a constellation of satellites, and receivers, that enables receiver locations to be calculated on the basis of signals received from the satellites. It includes Global Navigation Satellite Systems and Regional Navigation Satellite Systems. |
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ML4, 11, 21 |
‘Software’ |
A collection of one or more ‘programs’ or ‘microprograms’ fixed in any tangible medium of expression. Technical Note 1 ‘Program’ A sequence of instructions to carry out a process in, or convertible into, a form executable by an electronic computer. Technical Note 2 ‘Microprogram’ A sequence of elementary instructions maintained in a special storage, the execution of which is initiated by the introduction of its reference instruction into an instruction register. |
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ML11 |
‘Spacecraft’ |
Active and passive satellites and space probes. |
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ML19 |
‘Space-qualified’ |
Designed, manufactured, or qualified through successful testing, for operation at altitudes greater than 100 km above the surface of the Earth.
|
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ML20 |
‘Superconductive’ |
Refers to materials, (i.e. metals, alloys or compounds) which can lose all electrical resistance (i.e. which can attain infinite electrical conductivity and carry very large electrical currents without Joule heating). ‘Critical temperature’ (sometimes referred to as the transition temperature) of a specific ‘superconductive’ material is the temperature at which the material loses all resistance to the flow of direct electrical current. Technical Note The ‘superconductive’ state of a material is individually characterised by a ‘critical temperature’, a critical magnetic field, which is a function of temperature, and a critical current density which is, however, a function of both magnetic field and temperature. |
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ML22 |
‘Technology’ |
Specific information necessary for the ‘development’, ‘production’ or ‘use’ of a product. The information takes the form of ’technical data’ or ’technical assistance’. Specified ‘technology’ for the EU Common Military List is defined in ML22. Technical Notes
|
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ML10 |
‘Unmanned aerial vehicle’ (‘UAV’) |
Any ‘aircraft’ capable of initiating flight and sustaining controlled flight and navigation without any human presence on board. |
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ML21 |
‘Vulnerability disclosure’ |
The process of identifying, reporting or communicating a vulnerability to, or analysing a vulnerability with, individuals or organisations responsible for conducting or coordinating remediation for the purpose of resolving the vulnerability. |
European Commission
1.3.2022 |
EN |
Official Journal of the European Union |
C 100/36 |
New national side of euro coins intended for circulation
(2022/C 100/04)
National side of the new commemorative 2-euro coin intended for circulation and issued by France
Euro coins intended for circulation have legal tender status throughout the euro area. For the purpose of informing the public and all parties who handle the coins, the Commission publishes a description of the designs of all new coins (1). In accordance with the Council conclusions of 10 February 2009 (2), euro-area Member States and countries that have concluded a monetary agreement with the European Union providing for the issuing of euro coins are allowed to issue commemorative euro coins intended for circulation, provided that certain conditions are met, particularly that only the 2-euro denomination is used. These coins have the same technical characteristics as other 2-euro coins, but their national face features a commemorative design that is highly symbolic in national or European terms.
Issuing country: France
Subject of commemoration: The 90th anniversary of President Jacques Chirac’s birth
Description of the design: President of the French Republic for two terms, Jacques Chirac was a major architect of the European construction. As such, he was President when the Euro was introduced in 2002, whose 20th anniversary we celebrate at the beginning of this year.
The design shows a solemn profile of President Jacques Chirac looking towards the future. He is surrounded by several symbols representing his actions: a euro symbol, as sign of his involvement in the introduction of the Euro and his European spirit, and a French flag represented in heraldic colours, itself embellished with the RF as a reference to his presidency. His dates and name are inserted in the Euro’s logo. The mintmarks as well as the year date fit into the design.
The coin’s outer ring depicts the 12 stars of the European flag.
Estimated number of coins to be issued: 9 000 000
Date of issue: January 2022
(1) See OJ C 373, 28.12.2001, p. 1 for the national faces of all the coins issued in 2002.
(2) See the conclusions of the Economic and Financial Affairs Council of 10 February 2009 and the Commission Recommendation of 19 December 2008 on common guidelines for the national sides and the issuance of euro coins intended for circulation (OJ L 9, 14.1.2009, p. 52).
1.3.2022 |
EN |
Official Journal of the European Union |
C 100/37 |
Euro exchange rates (1)
28 February 2022
(2022/C 100/05)
1 euro =
|
Currency |
Exchange rate |
USD |
US dollar |
1,1199 |
JPY |
Japanese yen |
129,31 |
DKK |
Danish krone |
7,4404 |
GBP |
Pound sterling |
0,83550 |
SEK |
Swedish krona |
10,6055 |
CHF |
Swiss franc |
1,0336 |
ISK |
Iceland króna |
141,80 |
NOK |
Norwegian krone |
9,9465 |
BGN |
Bulgarian lev |
1,9558 |
CZK |
Czech koruna |
24,997 |
HUF |
Hungarian forint |
369,72 |
PLN |
Polish zloty |
4,6835 |
RON |
Romanian leu |
4,9484 |
TRY |
Turkish lira |
15,4532 |
AUD |
Australian dollar |
1,5508 |
CAD |
Canadian dollar |
1,4264 |
HKD |
Hong Kong dollar |
8,7514 |
NZD |
New Zealand dollar |
1,6628 |
SGD |
Singapore dollar |
1,5201 |
KRW |
South Korean won |
1 347,62 |
ZAR |
South African rand |
17,2863 |
CNY |
Chinese yuan renminbi |
7,0670 |
HRK |
Croatian kuna |
7,5655 |
IDR |
Indonesian rupiah |
16 100,72 |
MYR |
Malaysian ringgit |
4,7019 |
PHP |
Philippine peso |
57,432 |
RUB |
Russian rouble |
115,4842 |
THB |
Thai baht |
36,593 |
BRL |
Brazilian real |
5,7828 |
MXN |
Mexican peso |
22,9011 |
INR |
Indian rupee |
84,5540 |
(1) Source: reference exchange rate published by the ECB.
NOTICES FROM MEMBER STATES
1.3.2022 |
EN |
Official Journal of the European Union |
C 100/38 |
Information communicated by Member States regarding closure of fisheries
(2022/C 100/06)
In accordance with Article 35(3) of Council Regulation (EC) No 1224/2009 of 20 November 2009 establishing a Union control system for ensuring compliance with the rules of the common fisheries policy (1), a decision has been taken to close the fishery as set down in the following table:
Date and time of closure |
17.12.2021 |
Duration |
17.12.2021 - 31.12.2021 |
Member State |
France |
Stock or Group of stocks |
SOL/7HJK. |
Species |
Common sole (Solea solea) |
Zone |
7h, 7j and 7k |
Type(s) of fishing vessels |
— |
Reference number |
26/TQ92 |
V Announcements
ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES
European Commission
1.3.2022 |
EN |
Official Journal of the European Union |
C 100/39 |
Call for proposals and related activities under the 2022 work plan of the Clean Hydrogen Joint Undertaking
(2022/C 100/07)
Notice is hereby given of the launch of the call for proposals and related activities under the 2022 work plan of the Clean Hydrogen Joint Undertaking (CleanH2 JU).
This work plan, including deadlines and budgets for the activities, is available through the Participant Portal website (https://ec.europa.eu/info/funding-tenders/opportunities/portal/screen/home) along with information on the modalities of the call and related activities, and guidance for applicants on how to submit proposals. All this information will be updated as necessary on the same Participant Portal.
1.3.2022 |
EN |
Official Journal of the European Union |
C 100/40 |
Dedicated Calls for proposals in 2022 under the Work Programme 2021-2022 of the Research Fund for Coal and Steel Programme (2021-2027)
(2022/C 100/08)
Notice is hereby given of the launch of two dedicated calls for proposals (i.e. one Big Tickets in coal and one Big Tickets call in steel) and related activities in 2022 under the Work Programme 2021-2022 of the Research Fund for Coal and Steel programme (2021-2027).
The Commission has adopted the RFCS Work Programme 2021-2022 by Decision C(2022)905 of 18 February 2022.
Proposals are invited for these calls. The RFCS Work Programme 2021-2022, including objectives, deadlines and budgets, is available through the Funding & Tender opportunities website along with information on the modalities of the calls and related activities and the information for applicants on how to submit proposals:
|
https://ec.europa.eu/info/funding-tenders/opportunities/portal/screen/home . |
PROCEDURES RELATING TO THE IMPLEMENTATION OF COMPETITION POLICY
European Commission
1.3.2022 |
EN |
Official Journal of the European Union |
C 100/41 |
Prior notification of a concentration
(Case M.10559 – A P MOELLER-MAERSK / SENATOR INTERNATIONAL)
(Text with EEA relevance)
(2022/C 100/09)
1.
On 22 February 2022, the Commission received notification of a proposed concentration pursuant to Article 4 of Council Regulation (EC) No 139/2004 (1).This notification concerns the following undertakings:
— |
A.P. Møller-Mærsk A/S Group (‘APMM’, Denmark), |
— |
Senator International group (‘Senator International’, Germany). |
APMM will acquire within the meaning of Article 3(1)(b) of the Merger Regulation sole control of the whole of Senator International.
The concentration is accomplished by way of purchase of shares and assets.
2.
The business activities of the undertakings concerned are:
— |
APMM: integrated transport and logistics company with worldwide activities. APMM’s core activities comprise container liner shipping through its subsidiaries Maersk A/S, SeaLand, and Hamburg Süd, container terminal services, inland transportation, inland services, supply chain management services, harbour towage and reefer container manufacturing, |
— |
Senator International: family-owned company primarily specialized in international freight, shipping and logistics, with its main focus on air and ocean freight forwarding, as well as logistics, packaging and customs services. |
3.
On preliminary examination, the Commission finds that the notified transaction could fall within the scope of the Merger Regulation. However, the final decision on this point is reserved.
4.
The Commission invites interested third parties to submit their possible observations on the proposed operation to the Commission.Observations must reach the Commission not later than 10 days following the date of this publication. The following reference should always be specified:
M.10559 – A P MOELLER-MAERSK / SENATOR INTERNATIONAL
Observations can be sent to the Commission by email, by fax, or by post. Please use the contact details below:
Email: COMP-MERGER-REGISTRY@ec.europa.eu
Fax +32 22964301
Postal address:
European Commission |
Directorate-General for Competition |
Merger Registry |
1049 Bruxelles/Brussel |
BELGIQUE/BELGIË |
(1) OJ L 24, 29.1.2004, p. 1 (the ‘Merger Regulation’).
OTHER ACTS
European Commission
1.3.2022 |
EN |
Official Journal of the European Union |
C 100/43 |
Publication of an application for registration of a name pursuant to Article 50(2)(a) of Regulation (EU) No 1151/2012 of the European Parliament and of the Council on quality schemes for agricultural products and foodstuffs
(2022/C 100/10)
This publication confers the right to oppose the application pursuant to Article 51 of Regulation (EU) No 1151/2012 of the European Parliament and of the Council (1) within 3 months from the date of this publication.
SINGLE DOCUMENT
‘Cidre du Perche / Perche’
EU No: PDO-FR-2648 – 1 December 2020
PDO (X) PGI ( )
1. Name(s)
‘Cidre du Perche / Perche’
2. Member State or third country
France
3. Description of the agricultural product or foodstuff
3.1. Type of product
Class 1.8 – Other products listed in Annex I to the Treaty (spices etc.)
3.2. Description of product to which the name in point 1 applies
‘Cidre du Perche / Perche’ is an unpasteurised, ungasified semi-dry or brut sparkling cider obtained through secondary fermentation in the bottle. It is made from the pure juice of specific varieties of cider apple.
‘Cidre du Perche / Perche’ is notable for its golden-yellow to orange colour, its roundness, balance of sweet, bitter and acidic flavours, fruity notes, slight bitterness in the mid-palate and hint of freshness in the finish.
‘Cidre du Perche / Perche’ has the following analytical characteristics:
— |
an actual alcoholic strength by volume greater than or equal to 3,5 % vol.; |
— |
a total alcoholic strength by volume greater than or equal to 6 % vol.; |
— |
a sugar content greater than or equal to 18 g/litre; |
— |
a minimum pressure of 1,5 bar at 20 °C. |
The cider apples used to make ‘Cidre du Perche / Perche’ come from orchards located in the geographical area.
These orchards are kept under grass, except for the soil at the foot of the trees (over a radius of 0,30 metres or over a 1-metre strip under the row), which may be cleared of grass.
Tall-stemmed trees account for at least 30 % of the orchard’s total surface area.
The orchards consist of the following varieties of cider apple:
Main varieties:
Bitter varieties: Ameret or Améret blanc Fréquin blanc Fréquin long |
Fréquin rouge Gringoire Médaille d’or |
Tardive de la Sarthe |
Bittersweet varieties: Argile grise Argile rouge Bedan or Calotte Binet rouge Bois droit or Drébois |
Cartigny Damelot Moulin à vent or Moulin à vent de l’Eure or Moulin à vent petit de l’Eure |
Noël des Champs (Petit) Jaunet pointu Saint-Hilaire |
Sweet varieties: Atroche or Troche Bérat blanc Coquerelle Doux Normandie or Normandie Fréquin Lacaille |
Grise de l’Eure Muscadet petit de l’Orne or Muscadet doré Petite sorte Pilée Roger Guyot |
Rouge Duret Doux Normand Doux Véret de Carrouges Rousse de l’Orne or Rousse de la Sarthe |
Acidic varieties: Groseille Locard blanc Locard vert |
Pomme de Boué or Pomme de Bouet or Boué de Bonnétable Pomme de fer |
Queue torse Marnière |
Secondary varieties:
Bitter varieties: Kermerrien |
Peau de chien |
|
Bittersweet varieties: Bisquet |
Clos Renaux |
Douce Moën |
Sweet varieties: Douce Coët Ligné |
|
|
Acidic varieties: Avrolles |
Petit jaune |
|
To preserve varietal diversity, cider apple varieties that are grown on tall-stemmed trees but not listed above may account for up to 20 % of the orchard’s total surface area. These are considered as secondary varieties.
Each blend (cuvée) consists of ciders:
— |
made from apples harvested during the same harvest year; |
— |
in which the proportion of acidic varieties is less than or equal to 20 % and |
— |
in which the proportion of main varieties is greater than or equal to 50 %. |
3.3. Feed (for products of animal origin only) and raw materials (for processed products only)
–
3.4. Specific steps in production that must take place in the defined geographical area
The apples must be grown and the cider made in the geographical area.
3.5. Specific rules concerning slicing, grating, packaging, etc. of the product to which the registered name refers
‘Cidre du Perche / Perche’ is a sparkling cider obtained through secondary fermentation in the bottle. It may be sold in packaged form only, to retain its pressure. Packaging must take place in the geographical area.
3.6. Specific rules concerning labelling of the product to which the registered name refers
In addition to the mandatory information provided for in the rules on the labelling and presentation of foodstuffs, the labelling must include the name of the designation and the abbreviation ‘AOP’ [PDO] or the words ‘Appellation d’Origine Protégée’ [Protected Designation of Origin] in lettering which is clear, legible, indelible and sufficiently large to be clearly distinguishable from all other writing and designs on the label.
On the label, the words ‘Appellation d’Origine Protégée’ must be placed immediately below the name of the designation, with no other words in between.
4. Concise definition of the geographical area
The geographical area covers the territory of the following municipalities, based on the 2019 Official Geographic Code:
Department of Eure-et-Loir (28)
Municipalities in their entirety: Arcisses, Argenvilliers, Authon-du-Perche, Beaumont-les-Autels, Belhomert-Guéhouville, Béthonvilliers, Champrond-en-Perchet, Charbonnières, Coudray-au-Perche, Les Etilleux, La Gaudaine, La Loupe, Marolles-les-Buis, Meaucé, Miermaigne, Montireau, Montlandon, Nogent-le-Rotrou, Saint-Bomer, Saintigny, Saint-Jean-Pierre-Fixte, Saint-Victor-de-Buthon, Souancé-au-Perche, Trizay-Coutretot-Saint-Serge, Vaupillon, Vichères.
Department of Orne (61)
Municipalities in their entirety: Appenai-sous-Bellême, Bazoches-sur-Hoëne, Belforêt-en-Perche, Bellavilliers, Bellême, Bellou-le-Trichard, Berd’huis, Bizou, Bretoncelles, Ceton, Champeaux-sur-Sarthe, La Chapelle-Montligeon, La Chapelle-Souëf, Comblot, Corbon, Coulimer, Courgeon, Courgeoût, Cour-Maugis sur Huisne, Dame-Marie, Fay, Feings, Ferrières-la-Verrerie, Igé, Loisail, La Madeleine-Bouvet, Le Mage, Mahéru, Mauves-sur-Huisne, Les Menus, Montgaudry, Mortagne-au-Perche, Moulins-la-Marche, Moutiers-au-Perche, Parfondeval, Le Pas-Saint-l’Homer, Perche en Nocé, Pervenchères, Le Pin-la-Garenne, Pouvrai, Rémalard en Perche, Réveillon, Sablons sur Huisne, Saint-Agnan-sur-Sarthe, Saint-Aquilin-de-Corbion, Saint-Aubin-de-Courteraie, Saint-Cyr-la-Rosière, Saint-Denis-sur-Huisne, Saint-Germain-de-la-Coudre, Saint-Germain-de-Martigny, Saint-Germain-des-Grois, Saint-Hilaire-le-Châtel, Saint-Hilaire-sur-Erre, Saint-Jouin-de-Blavou, Saint-Langis-lès-Mortagne, Saint-Mard-de-Réno, Saint-Martin-des-Pézerits, Saint-Martin-du-Vieux-Bellême, Saint-Ouen-de-Sécherouvre, Saint-Pierre-la-Bruyère, Soligny-la-Trappe, Val-au-Perche, Vaunoise, Verrières, Villiers-sous-Mortagne.
Municipalities in part: Tourouvre au Perche (only the territory of the delegated municipalities of Autheuil, Bivilliers, Bubertré and Tourouvre), Longny les Villages (only the territory of the delegated municipalities of Longny-au-Perche, Maletable, Monceaux-au-Perche, Moulicent and Saint-Victor-de-Réno).
Department of Sarthe (72)
Municipalities in their entirety: Avezé, La Chapelle-du-Bois, Cormes, Courgenard, Gréez-sur-Roc, Nogent-le-Bernard, Préval, Saint-Ulphace, Souvigné-sur-Même, Théligny.
Municipalities in part: Cherré-Au (only the territory of the delegated municipality of Cherreau).
5. Link with the geographical area
‘Cidre du Perche / Perche’ owes its specific characteristics to the area’s soil and climate conditions, particularly the lateness of the climate, which have led producers to adapt their practices in terms of the varieties grown and production methods.
The varieties used are ones that have been selected locally or that have acclimatised to the lateness of the area’s climate. The harvesting and processing of the fruit as the first cold spells arrive help slow down fermentation and are conducive to the development of aromas.
Specificity of the geographical area
The geographical area of the designation of origin ‘Cidre du Perche / Perche’ is situated in a transitional zone between the Armorican Massif to the west and the Paris Basin to the east. It forms an entity characterised by undulating landscapes ranging from green hills to forests extending over the departments of Eure-et-Loir, Orne and Sarthe.
The sub-soil was mostly formed during the Jurassic and Cenomanian Cretaceous periods. The most commonly found soils are clay-limestone or sandy soils: the chalkstone of Rouen, green clays, and the sands of the Perche. Flint clay – a product of the decalcification of the chalky mantle, which may be covered with loess of varied thickness – is also found here. All these substrates have a good workable soil depth and good drainage.
In terms of climate, the Perche region lies at the intersection of oceanic influences to the west and continental influences to the east. The result is a modified oceanic climate, characterised by annual temperature ranges marked by cold winters (snow is rare, but there may be up to 60 frost days per year) and warm summers.
The continental influence is reflected in the frequent occurrence of late frost, which is common in May and June.
Normandy has a long tradition of growing apple trees, but it was only around the 16th century that orchards began to develop on religious or noble estates. By the 17th and 18th centuries, they would cover most of the Perche countryside. Most of the apples grown were for making cider, a drink that had become popular and was produced on almost all the farms of the Perche.
In the 19th century, the region gradually began to specialise in cattle and horse-breeding, while continuing to produce cider. The Perche then became an area of mixed crop-livestock farming, with the distinctive feature of crop fields planted with apple trees.
During the first half of the 20th century, ‘Cidre du Perche / Perche’ was being produced on every farm and in specialised cideries throughout the province. The production of apples frequently allowed farmers to double their earnings from the 1930s to the 1950s.
From the 1950s, however, the closure of industrial cideries, the mechanisation of farming equipment and the intensification of agriculture practically led to the disappearance of apple trees from the pastures and ploughlands of the Perche.
It was not until the late 1980s that a number of farmers began specialising in cider production, leading to the revival of the cider industry in the Perche. These producers mobilised the province’s traditional expertise in cider-making, such as the use of late varieties, harvesting the fruit when ripe, or spontaneous and slow fermentation as well as natural secondary fermentation.
Mixed crop-livestock farming – the traditional agricultural system of the Perche – entailed a heavy workload in September and October. Varietal choices were therefore guided by the need to stagger agricultural work and to adapt to the climate of the Perche. Preference was given to late-blooming varieties as they suffer less from the impact of the spring frosts and their fruit ripens at a later stage of the year. Besides the locally selected varieties, other varieties have been introduced to the Perche and have adapted well. Any single variety can be seen to ripen at different stages of the year in different regions, but it is in the Perche that it ripens last. The most common varieties are Bedan, Doux Normandie, Tardive de la Sarthe, Saint-Hilaire, Fréquin rouge and Binet rouge.
The apples are harvested when ripe. Harvesting usually begins at the end of October and continues until December for the varieties that sprout the latest. Brewing mainly takes place from mid-November on. The low temperatures at that time of the year limit microbial growth, which could alter the quality of the product, and allow for a slow start to fermentation. Fermentation in vats, with no addition of yeast, extends over a minimum 8-week period, compared with 6 weeks in other parts of Normandy.
Specificity of the product
‘Cidre du Perche / Perche’ is a cider obtained through secondary fermentation in the bottle. It has:
— |
a golden-yellow to orange colour; |
— |
a balance of bitter, sweet and acidic flavours; |
— |
a slight bitterness in the mid-palate and a hint of freshness in the finish; |
— |
and lively but not abundant effervescence. |
Causal link
The abundance of apple trees is the result of the topographical, climatic and geological characteristics of the geographical area. The Perche provides favourable conditions for apple-growing, with its undulating landscape and well-drained soil, which allows the water to circulate and provides a sufficient supply of minerals.
Producers in the province have been guided in their choice of varieties by the traditional practice of mixed crop-livestock farming and the lateness of the climate. The orchards of the Perche include some 40 of the 200 or more cider apple varieties found in Normandy.
The blending of varieties combines the distinct qualities of each category of variety to produce a cider with a balance of bitter, sweet and acidic flavours: rich in phenolic compounds, the bitter and bittersweet varieties give the cider its golden-yellow to orange colour and slight bitterness in the mid-palate; the sweet and bittersweet varieties give the cider its roundness, while the acidic varieties – in limited proportions – lend it a hint of freshness.
The late ripening of the fruit means brewing mainly begins in November. As the temperature is lower at that time of year than in September/October, fermentation is slow, allowing the distinctive aromas of ‘Cidre du Perche / Perche’ to develop.
Secondary fermentation in the bottle gives the cider a lively but not abundant effervescence and helps the aromas to develop.
Reference to publication of the specification
https://info.agriculture.gouv.fr/gedei/site/bo-agri/document_administratif-964fa31f-76f5-4816-ad72-ff8e3bcb255a