Judgment of the Court (Ninth Chamber) of 22 May 2025 –
Trasta Komercbanka v ECB

(Case C‑90/23 P)

(Appeal – Economic and monetary policy – Prudential supervision of credit institutions – Regulation (EU) No 1024/2013 – Specific supervisory tasks assigned to the European Central Bank (ECB) – Article 24 – Decision to withdraw a credit institution’s authorisation for access to the activities of a credit institution – Administrative review procedure – Action for annulment)

1. 

EU institutions – Right of public access to documents – Regulation No 1049/2001 – Exceptions to the right of access to documents – Obligation to state reasons – Scope

(European Parliament and Council Regulation No 1049/2001, recital 11 and Art. 4(1)(a))

(see paragraph 34)

2. 

Acts of the institutions – Notification – Irregularities – Effects – No automatic effect on the existence or the legality of the act

(see paragraphs 61, 65)

3. 

Action for annulment – Pleas in law – Infringement of essential procedural requirements – Plea alleging infringement of procedural rules in the review of a decision of the European Central Bank (ECB) to withdraw the authorisation of a credit institution – Administrative procedure which might have led to a different result in the absence of that irregularity – None

(Art. 263 TFEU; Council Regulation No 1024/2013, Art. 4(1)(a); European Parliament and Council Directive 2013/36, Art. 18)

(see paragraph 74)

4. 

Judicial proceedings – Application initiating proceedings – Formal requirements – Summary of the pleas in law on which the application is based – General reference to other documents annexed to the application – Inadmissibility

(Statute of the Court of Justice, Arts 21, first para., and 53, first para.; Rules of Procedure of the General Court, Art. 76(d))

(see paragraphs 85, 87)

5. 

Appeal – Grounds – Ground raised for the first time in the context of the appeal – Inadmissibility – Ground seeking solely to contest the merits of the judgment under appeal – Admissibility

(Art. 256(1) TFEU; Statute of the Court of Justice, Art. 58, first para.)

(see paragraph 100)

6. 

Appeal – Grounds – Grounds of a judgment vitiated by an infringement of EU law – Operative part well founded for other legal reasons – Rejection

(Art. 256(1) TFEU; Statute of the Court of Justice, Art. 58, first para.)

(see paragraphs 112, 113)

Operative part

The Court:

1. 

Dismisses the appeal;

2. 

Orders Trasta Komercbanka AS to bear its own costs and to pay those incurred by the European Central Bank (ECB);

3. 

Orders the European Commission to bear its own costs.