Judgment of the General Court (Fifth Chamber) of 30 January 2020 –
CBA Spielapparate- und Restaurantbetrieb v Commission

(Case T‑168/17)

(Access to documents — Regulation (EC) No 1049/2001 — Documents relating to the administrative procedure concerning alleged State aid implemented by the Austrian authorities in favour to concession holders pursuant to the law on gaming — Refusal to grant access — Plea relating to the protection of the purpose of inspections, investigations and audits — Overriding public interest — Obligation to state reasons — Plea of illegality)

1. 

Action for annulment — Admissibility — Dismissal of an action on the substance without ruling on admissibility — Discretion of the EU judicature

(Art. 263 TFEU)

(see para. 28)

2. 

EU institutions — Right of public access to documents — Regulation No 1049/2001 — Exceptions to the right of access to documents — Protection of the purpose of inspections, investigations and audits — Scope — Application to administrative files relating to procedures for reviewing State aid — General presumption that the exception applies to the right of access to all the documents on the administrative file — Refusal to grant access — Obligation to state reasons — Scope — Decision upholding an initial decision

(Arts 15(3) and 296 TFEU; European Parliament and Council Regulation No 1049/2001, Recital 4 and Arts 1 and 4(2))

(see paras 33-36, 39)

3. 

EU institutions — Right of public access to documents — Regulation No 1049/2001 — Exceptions to the right of access to documents — Protection of the purpose of inspections, investigations and audits — Scope — Application to administrative files relating to procedures for reviewing State aid — General presumption that the exception applies to the right of access to all the documents on the administrative file — Application for access formulated during the court proceedings concerning the decision on the substance — Admissibility of the refusal

(European Parliament and Council Regulation No 1049/2001, Art. 4(2), 3rd indent)

(see paras 44-48, 52)

4. 

EU institutions — Right of public access to documents — Regulation No 1049/2001 — Exceptions to the right of access to documents — Scope — Application to administrative files relating to procedures for reviewing compliance with competition rules — Communication to a person envisaging a compensation action for alleged breach of competition rules — Obligation of the applicant to establish the need for access to the documents in question — Duty to balance relevant interests

(European Parliament and Council Regulation No 1049/2001, Art. 4(2))

(see paras 55, 56, 75)

5. 

Fundamental rights — Right of public access to documents of EU institutions — Limits — Action against a decision refusing access — Examination of legality having regard to measures of secondary law establishing the conditions for access

(Art. 15(3) TFEU; Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union, Arts 42 and 52(2); European Parliament and Council Regulation No 1049/2001)

(see paras 66-69)

6. 

EU institutions — Right of public access to documents — Regulation No 1049/2001 — Exceptions to the right of access to documents — Overriding public interest justifying the disclosure of documents — Concept — Subjective interest of the person concerned in defending himself — Not included

(Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union, Art. 47; European Parliament and Council Regulation No 1049/2001, Art. 4(2))

(see paras 74, 76)

Re:

Application under Article 263 TFEU seeking annulment of Commission Decision C(2017) 249 final of 13 January 2017 refusing the request for access to documents concerning Case SA.40224 [2014/CP] on the basis of Article 4 of Regulation (EC) No 1049/2001 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 May 2001 regarding public access to European Parliament, Council and Commission documents (OJ 2001 L 145, p. 43).

Operative part

The Court:

1. 

Dismisses the action;

2. 

Orders CBA Spielapparate- und Restaurantbetrieb GmbH to bear its own costs and pay those incurred by the European Commission;

3. 

Orders the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union to bear their own costs.