Use quotation marks to search for an "exact phrase". Append an asterisk (*) to a search term to find variations of it (transp*, 32019R*). Use a question mark (?) instead of a single character in your search term to find variations of it (ca?e finds case, cane, care).
Council Implementing Regulation (EU) 2025/1094 of 27 May 2025 implementing Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria
Council Implementing Regulation (EU) 2025/1094 of 27 May 2025 implementing Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria
Council Implementing Regulation (EU) 2025/1094 of 27 May 2025 implementing Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria
implementing Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria
THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION,
Having regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,
Having regard to Council Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 of 18 January 2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria and repealing Regulation (EU) No 442/2011 (1), and in particular Article 32 thereof,
Having regard to the proposal from the High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy,
Whereas:
(1)
On 18 January 2012, the Council adopted Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria.
(2)
On the basis of a review of those measures, the entries for 22 entities should be deleted from the list of natural and legal persons, entities or bodies subject to restrictive measures set out in Annex II to Regulation (EU) No 36/2012, as well as the entries in Annexes IIa and IIb. Additionally, the entries for 302 natural persons and 50 entities in that list should be updated and amended.
(3)
Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 should therefore be amended accordingly,
HAS ADOPTED THIS REGULATION:
Article 1
Annex II to Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 is amended in accordance with the Annex to this Regulation.
Article 2
This Regulation shall enter into force on the day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.
This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States.
Annex II to Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 is amended as follows:
(i)
in Section ‘A. Persons’, the following 302 entries are replaced by the following:
Name
Identifying information
Reasons
Date of listing
‘1.
Bashar (
) AL-ASSAD (
)
Date of birth: 11.9.1965;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Diplomatic passport No D1903;
Gender: male
Former President of the Republic; person authorising and supervising the crackdown on demonstrators.
23.5.2011
2.
Maher (
) (a.k.a. Mahir) AL-ASSAD (
)
Date of birth: 8.12.1967;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Diplomatic passport No 4138;
Position: Major General of the 42nd Brigade and former Brigadier Commander of the Army’s 4th Armoured Division
Gender: male
Member of the Syria Armed Forces of the rank of Colonel and the equivalent or higher in post after May 2011 under the former al-Assad regime; Major General of the 42nd Brigade and former Brigadier Commander of the Army’s 4th Armoured Division under the former al-Assad regime. Member of the Assad family; brother of former President Bashar al-Assad.
9.5.2011
3.
Ali MAMLUK (a.k.a. Ali Mamlouk; Ali al-Mamlouk; Abu Ayham) (علي المملوك; أبو أيهم; علي مملوك)
Date of birth: 19.2.1946;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Diplomatic passport No 983;
Gender: male
Presidential advisor for security affairs since January 2024 under the former al-Assad regime. Former Vice President of the Syrian Arab Republic for Security Affairs. Former Director of the National Security Bureau. Former Head of Syrian Intelligence Directorate involved in violence against demonstrators.
9.5.2011
4.
Atif NAJIB (a.k.a. Atef; Atej Najeeb) (عاطف نجيب)
Place of birth: Jablah, Syria;
Rank: Brigadier General;
Gender: male
Former Head of the Political Security Directorate in Dara’a under the former al-Assad regime. Involved in violence against demonstrators. Member of the Assad family; cousin of former President Bashar al-Assad.
9.5.2011
5.
Hafiz (
) MAKHLOUF (
) (a.k.a. Hafez Makhlouf)
Date of birth: 2.4.1971;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Diplomatic passport No 014637352;
Gender: male
Former Colonel and Head of Unit in General Intelligence Directorate, Damascus Branch in post after May 2011 under the former al-Assad regime. Member of the Makhlouf family; cousin of former President Bashar al-Assad.
9.5.2011
6.
Muhammad (
) Dib (
) ZAYTUN (
) (a.k.a. Mohammed Dib Zeitoun; a.k.a. Mohamed Dib Zeitun)
Date of birth: 20.5.1951;
Place of birth: Jubba, Damascus province, Syria;
Diplomatic passport No D000001300;
Gender: male
Director of the National Security Bureau since July 2019 under the former al-Assad regime. Former Head of the General Security Directorate; involved in violence against demonstrators.
9.5.2011
7.
Amjad (
) ABBAS (
) (a.k.a. al-Abbas)
Gender: male
Former head of Political Security in Banyas under the former al-Assad regime, involved in violence against demonstrators in Baida. Promoted to the rank of Colonel in 2018.
9.5.2011
8.
Rami (
) MAKHLOUF (
)
Date of birth: 10.7.1969;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Passport No 000098044;
Issue No 002-03-0015187;
Gender: male
Leading businessman operating in Syria with interests in the financial services, transport and property sectors. He has financial interests in and/or holds senior and executive positions in the investment funds Al Mashreq, Bena Properties and Cham Holding.
He furnishes financing and support to the former al-Assad regime, through his business interests.
He is an influential member of the Makhlouf family and closely connected to the Assad family; cousin of former President Bashar al-Assad.
9.5.2011
9.
Abd al-Fatah (
) QUDSIYAH (
)
Date of birth: 4.2.1953;
Place of birth: Hama, Syria;
Diplomatic passport No D0005788;
Gender: male
Officer of the rank of Major General in the Syrian Armed Forces in post after May 2011 under the former al-Assad regime.
Deputy Director of the National Security Bureau of the Ba’ath Party. Former Head of the Syrian Military Intelligence Directorate. Involved in violent repression of the civilian population in Syria.
9.5.2011
10.
Jamil (
) (a.k.a. Jameel) HASSAN (
) (a.k.a. al-Hassan)
Date of birth: 7.7.1953;
Place of birth: Qusayr, Homs province, Syria;
Former Head of Syrian Air Force Intelligence;
Gender: male
Officer of the rank of Major-General in the Syrian Air Force in post after May 2011 under the former al-Assad regime. Former head of the Syrian Air Force Intelligence in post after May 2011 and until July 2019. Responsible for violent repression of the civilian population in Syria.
9.5.2011
11.
Mohammad Mouti’ MOUAYYAD (a.k.a. Mohammad Muti’a Moayyad)
Date of birth: 1968;
Place of birth: Ariha (Idlib), Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of State in power after May 2011 (appointed 27.8.2014) under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
Former Minister of Transport in power after May 2011 (appointed 27.8.2014) under the former al-Assad regime. He was previously General Director of the Port of Tartus. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
21.10.2014
13.
Munzir (
) (a.k.a. Mundhir, Monzer) Jamil (
) AL-ASSAD (
)
Date of birth: 1.3.1961;
Place of birth: Kerdaha, Latakia Province, Syria;
Passports No 86449 and No 842781;
Gender: male
Involved in violence against the civilian population as part of the Shabiha militia under the former al-Assad regime.
9.5.2011
14.
Brigadier General Mohammed BILAL (a.k.a. Lieutenant Colonel Muhammad Bilal)
Date of birth: 25.5.1971;
Gender: male
As a senior officer in the Syrian Air Force Intelligence Service under the former al-Assad regime, he supports the former al-Assad regime and is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population. He is also associated with the listed Scientific Studies Research Centre (SSRC).
21.10.2014
15.
Kamal CHEIKHA (a.k.a. Kamal al-Sheikha)
Date of birth: 1961;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Water Resources in power after May 2011 (appointed 27.8.2014) under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
21.10.2014
16.
Faruq (
) (a.k.a. Farouq, Farouk) AL SHAR’ (
) (a.k.a. Al Char’, Al Shara’, Al Shara)
Date of birth: 1.1.1938;
Gender: male
Former Vice President of Syria under the former al-Assad regime; involved in violence against the civilian population.
23.5.2011
17.
Hassan NOURI (a.k.a. Hassan al-Nouri)
Date of birth: 9.2.1960;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Administrative Development in power after May 2011 (appointed 27.8.2014) under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, he shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
21.10.2014
18.
Mohammed (
) HAMCHO (
)
Date of birth: 20.5.1966;
Passport No 002954347;
Gender: male
Leading businessman operating in Syria, with interests in the engineering and construction, media, hospitality and health sector. He has financial interests in and/or holds senior and executive positions within a number of companies in Syria, in particular Hamsho International, Hamsho Communication, Mhg International, Jupiter for Investment and Tourism project and Syria Metal Industries.
He plays an important role in the business community in Syria as general secretary of the Damascus Chamber of Commerce (appointed by the then Minister for economy Khodr Orfali in December 2014), chairman of the China-Syria Bilateral Business Councils (since March 2014) and chairman of the Syrian Metal and Steel Council (since December 2015).
He has close business relationships with key figures of the former al-Assad regime, including Maher al-Assad.
He benefits from and provides support to the former al-Assad regime through his business interests, and is associated with persons benefiting from and providing support to that regime.
27.1.2015
19.
Iyad (
) (a.k.a. Eyad) MAKHLOUF (
)
Date of birth: 21.1.1973;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Passport No N001820740;
Gender: male
Member of the Makhlouf family; son of Mohammed Makhlouf, brother of Hafez Makhlouf and Rami Makhlouf and brother of Ihab Makhlouf; cousin of former President Bashar al-Assad.
Member of the Syrian security and intelligence services in post after May 2011 under the former al-Assad regime.
As an officer in the General Intelligence Directorate, involved in violence against the civilian population in Syria.
23.5.2011
20.
Bassam (
) AL HASSAN (
) (a.k.a. Al Hasan)
Date of birth: 6.3.1962;
Place of birth: Sheen, Homs, Syria;
Rank: Major General;
Gender: male
Presidential Advisor for Strategic Affairs under the former al-Assad regime; head of the General Secretariat of the National Defence. Involved in violence against the civilian population.
23.5.2011
22.
Ihab MAKHLOUF (a.k.a. Ehab, Iehab) (ايهاب مخلوف)
Date of birth: 21.1.1973;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Passport no: N002848852;
Gender: male
Leading businessman operating in Syria linked to the former al-Assad regime. He has business interests in several Syrian companies and entities, including Ramak Construction Co and Syrian International Private University for Science and Technology (SIUST).
He is an influential member of the Makhlouf family and closely connected to the Assad family; cousin of former President Bashar al-Assad. In 2020, Ehab Makhlouf took over Rami Makhlouf’s business activities and the Syrian government granted him the contracts to operate and manage the duty-free markets across the country.
Function: chairman of Riyad Isa Development Corporation;
Gender: male
Former Director of Military Housing Establishment; provides funding to the former al-Assad regime; first cousin of former President Bashar al-Assad.
23.6.2011
25.
Brigadier Commander Mohammad (
) (a.k.a. Mohamed, Muhammad, Mohammed) Ali (
) JAFARI (
) (a.k.a. Jaafari, Ja’fari, Aziz; a.k.a. Jafari, Ali; a.k.a. Jafari, Mohammad Ali; a.k.a. Ja’fari, Mohammad Ali; a.k.a. Jafari-Naja-fabadi, Mohammad Ali)
Date of birth: 1.9.1957;
Place of birth: Yazd, Iran;
Gender: male
Head of “Baqiayt Allah”, cultural organisation of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps. General Commander of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps until 21.4.2019, involved in providing equipment and support to help the former al-Assad regime suppress protests in Syria.
Director of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps Intelligence Service. Former Deputy Commander for Intelligence of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, involved in providing equipment and support to help the former al-Assad regime suppress protests in Syria.
Leading businessperson operating in Syria, with interests and/or activities in the telecommunications, oil, plastic and tobacco industry sectors and close business relations with Maher al-Assad. He is linked to smuggling activities.
He benefits from and provides support to the former al-Assad regime, through his business activities.
Associate of Maher al-Assad, including through his business activities.
Business associate of Maher al-Assad and responsible for managing some of his business interests; provides funding to the former al-Assad regime.
23.6.2011
30.
Mohammad (a.k.a. Muhammad, Mohamed, Mohammed, Muhamad) al-MUFLEH (a.k.a. al-Muflih)
Date of birth: before 1964
Gender: male
Head of Syrian Military Intelligence in the town of Hama under the former al-Assad regime; involved in the crackdown on demonstrators.
1.8.2011
31.
Major General Tawfiq (
) (a.k.a. Tawfik) YOUNES (
) (a.k.a. Yunes)
Date of birth: 5.1.1956;
Gender: male
Former head of the Department for Internal Security of the General Intelligence Directorate under the former al-Assad regime; involved in violence against the civilian population.
1.8.2011
33.
Ayman JABIR (a.k.a. Aiman Jaber) (أيمن جابر)
Date of birth: 17.1.1967;
Place of birth: Latakia, Syria;
Gender: male
Leading businessperson operating in Syria, involved in the steel, media, consumable goods and oil sectors, including in trading those goods. He has financial interests and/or holds senior executive positions in a number of companies and entities in Syria, in particular Al Jazira (a.k.a. Al Jazerra, El Jazireh), Dunia TV and Sama Satellite Channel.
Through his company Al Jazira, Ayman Jabir has facilitated the importation of oil from Overseas Petroleum Trading to Syria.
Ayman Jabir benefits from and provides support to the former al-Assad regime, through his business interests. Provides direct support for and plays a leading role in activities of regime-affiliated militias known as Shabiha and/or Suqur as-Sahraa. He is an honorary president of “Wafa lil-Watan” (loyalty to homeland), which is an association providing aid to families of Syrian soldiers and militias.
Associate of Rami Makhlouf through his business activities, and an associate of Maher al-Assad through his role in regime-affiliated militias.
27.1.2015
34.
Hayel (
) AL-ASSAD (
) (a.k.a. Hael al-Asad (هاىلالأسد))
Date of birth: 8.9.1968;
Gender: male
Assistant to Maher al-Assad; Head of the military police unit of the army’s 4th Division under the former al-Assad regime, involved in repression.
23.8.2011
35.
Ali (
) AL-SALIM (
) (a.k.a. al-Saleem)
Gender: male
Director of the supplies office of the Syrian Ministry of Defence under the former al-Assad regime, entry point for all arms acquisitions by the Syrian army during the former al-Assad regime.
Member of the Syrian Armed Forces of the rank of Major General in post after May 2011 under the former al-Assad regime. Former Head of Syrian Military Intelligence (SMI) Branch 293 (Internal Affairs) in Damascus. Directly involved in repression of and violence against the civilian population in Damascus. Advisor to former President Bashar al-Assad for strategic questions and military intelligence.
23.8.2011
42.
Brigadier-General Nawful (
) (a.k.a. Nawfal, Nofal, Nawfel) AL-HUSAYN (
) (a.k.a. al-Hussain, al-Hussein)
Gender: male
Idlib Syrian Military Intelligence (SMI) Branch Chief under the former al-Assad regime. Directly involved in repression of and violence against the civilian population in Idlib province.
23.8.2011
43.
Brigadier Husam (
) SUKKAR (
)
Gender: male
Presidential Adviser on Security Affairs under the former al-Assad regime. Presidential Adviser for security agencies’ repression of and violence against the civilian population in Syria.
23.8.2011
44.
Brigadier-General Muhammed (
) (a.k.a. Muhamad) ZAMRINI (
) (a.k.a. Zamreni)
Gender: male
Branch Chief for Syrian Military Intelligence (SMI) in Homs under the former al-Assad regime. Directly involved in repression of and violence against the civilian population in Homs.
Position: Deputy Chief of General Staff, Operations and Training, Syrian Army during the former al-Assad regime;
Rank: Lieutenant-General, Syrian Arab Army;
Gender: male
Officer of the rank of Lieutenant General and Deputy Chief of General Staff, Operations and Training for the Syrian Army in post after May 2011 under the former al-Assad regime. In his position as Deputy Chief of General Staff he was directly involved in repression of and violence against the civilian population in Syria.
23.8.2011
46.
Brigadier-General Ghassan (
) KHALIL (
) (a.k.a. Khaleel)
Date of birth: 3.5.1957;
Gender: male
Head of General Intelligence Directorate’s Information Branch under the former al-Assad regime. Directly involved in repression of and violence against the civilian population in Syria.
23.8.2011
47.
Mohammed (
) (a.k.a. Mohammad, Muhammad, Mohamed) JABIR (
) (a.k.a. Jaber)
Place of birth: Latakia, Syria;
Gender: male
Shabiha militia under the former al-Assad regime. Associate of Maher al-Assad for the Shabiha militia. Directly involved in repression of and violence against the civilian population, and in coordination of Shabiha militia groups.
23.8.2011
48.
Samir HASSAN (سمير حسن)
Date of birth: 10.8.1953;
Gender: male
Leading businessperson operating in Syria, with interests and/or activities in multiple sectors of Syria’s economy. He holds interests in and/or has significant influence in the Amir Group and Cham Holding, two conglomerates with interests in the real estate, tourism, transport and finance sectors. President of the Syria-Russia Business Council and plays a significant role in the economic relations with the Russian Federation through the Syria-Russia Business Council.
Samir Hassan supports the former al-Assad regime with cash donations.
Samir Hassan is associated with persons benefitting from or supporting the former al-Assad regime. In particular, he is associated with Rami Makhlouf and Issam Anbouba, who have been designated by the Council and benefit from the former al-Assad regime.
27.9.2014
49.
Fares (
) CHEHABI (
) (a.k.a. Fares Shihabi; Fares Chihabi)
Son of Ahmad Chehabi;
Date of birth: 7.9.1972;
Gender: male
President of the Aleppo Chamber of Industry; Chairman of the Federation of Chambers of Industry since 16.12.2018. Vice-Chairman of Cham Holding. Provides economic support to the former al-Assad regime. Member of Syrian Parliament since 2016.
2.9.2011
50.
Tarif (
) AKHRAS (
) (a.k.a. Al Akhras (
))
Date of birth: 2.6.1951;
Place of birth: Homs, Syria;
Syrian passport No 0000092405;
Gender: male
Leading businessperson operating in Syria linked to the former al-Assad regime. He is the founder of the Akhras Group (commodities, trading, processing and logistics) and former Chairman of the Homs Chamber of Commerce. Close business relations with former President Bashar al-Assad’s family. Former member of the Board of the Federation of Syrian Chambers of Commerce. Provided logistical support for the former al-Assad regime (buses and tank loaders). He is therefore benefiting from and supporting the former al-Assad regime.
2.9.2011
51.
Issam (
) ANBOUBA (
)
President of Anbouba for Agricultural Industries Co.;
Date of birth: 18.3.1952;
Place of birth: Homs, Syria;
Gender: male
Leading businessperson active in different sectors of the Syrian economy, such as agriculture, real estate, oil and banking. He continues profiting from his business empire that he was able to establish due to his close relations to the former al-Assad regime, via his offshore companies in Lebanon. He has financial relations with high-ranking Syrian officials and the Syrian business elite related to the former al-Assad regime. Co-founder of Cham Holding and shareholder in that company.
2.9.2011
53.
Adib (
) MAYALEH (
) (a.k.a. André Mayard)
Date of birth: 15.5.1955;
Place of birth: Bassir, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Governor and Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Central Bank of Syria.
Adib Mayaleh controlled the Syrian banking sector and managed the Syrian money supply through the issue and withdrawal of bank notes and control of the foreign exchange rate value of the Syrian Pound. Through his role at the Central Bank of Syria, Adib Mayaleh provided economic and financial support to the former al-Assad regime.
Former Minister of Economy and Foreign Trade in power after May 2011 under the former al-Assad regime.
15.5.2012
54.
Major General Jumah (
) AL-AHMAD (
) (a.k.a. al-Ahmed)
Gender: male
Commander Special Forces under the former al-Assad regime. Responsible for the use of violence against protestors across Syria.
14.11.2011
55.
Colonel Lu’ai (
) (a.k.a. Louay, Loai) AL-ALI (
)
Place of birth: Jablah, Latakia Province, Syria;
Gender: male
Head of Syrian Military Intelligence, Dara’a Branch, under the former al-Assad regime. Responsible for violence against protesters in Dara’a.
14.11.2011
56.
Ali (
) Abdullah (
) (a.k.a. Abdallah) AYYUB (
) (a.k.a. Ayyoub, Ayub, Ayoub, Ayob)
Date of birth: 28.4.1952;
Place of birth: Lattakia, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Vice President of the Council of Ministers and former Minister of Defence under the former al-Assad regime.
Officer of the rank of General in the Syrian Army, in post after May 2011 under the former al-Assad regime. Former Chief of General Staff of the Syrian Armed Forces. Person supporting the former al-Assad regime and responsible for repression of and violence against the civilian population in Syria.
14.11.2011
57.
Fahd (
) (a.k.a. Fahid, Fahed) Jasim (
) (a.k.a. Jasem, Jassim, Jassem) AL-FURAYJ (
) (a.k.a. al-Freij)
Date of birth: 1.1.1950;
Place of birth: Hama, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Defence under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population in Syria.
14.11.2011
58.
Major General Aous (
) (a.k.a. Aws, Aus) “Ali” ASLAN (
)
Date of birth: 9.12.1958;
Gender: male
High-ranking officer under the former al-Assad regime. Close to Maher al-Assad and former President Bashar al-Assad. Former positions: Commander of the 40th Brigade (4th Division) between 2011 and 2014; deputy Commander of the 4th Division in 2015; Commander of the 2nd Corps in 2016. Involved in the crackdown on the civilian population across Syria, including arbitrary arrests, mass killings and forced displacements of civilian population.
14.11.2011
59.
General Ghassan (
) BELAL (
) (a.k.a. Bilal)
Date of birth: 19.9.1966;
Gender: male
Head of the 4th Division security bureau, head of the 555th paratrooper regiment under the former al-Assad regime. Adviser to Maher al-Assad and coordinator of security operations. Responsible for the crackdown on the civilian population across Syria and involved in several breaches of cessation of hostilities in the Ghouta.
14.11.2011
60.
Abdullah (
) (a.k.a. Abdallah) BERRI (
)
Gender: male
Head of the Berri family militia under the former al-Assad regime. In charge of pro-government militia involved in the crackdown on the civilian population in Aleppo.
14.11.2011
61.
George CHAOUI (جورج شاوي)
Gender: male
Member of the Syrian electronic army (territorial army intelligence service) under the former al-Assad regime. Involved in the violent crackdown and call for violence against the civilian population across Syria.
14.11.2011
62.
Zuhair (
) (a.k.a. Zouheir, Zuheir, Zouhair) HAMAD (
)
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Rank: Major General;
Position: Deputy Head of General Intelligence Directorate (a.k.a. General Security Directorate) since July 2012;
Gender: male
Officer of the rank of Major General in the Syrian Armed Forces in post after May 2011 under the former al-Assad regime. Deputy Head of General Intelligence Directorate. Responsible for repression, human rights abuses and violence against the civilian population in Syria.
14.11.2011
63.
Amar (
) (a.k.a. Ammar) ISMAEL (
) (a.k.a. Ismail)
Date of birth on or around 3.4.1973;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Gender: male
Civilian - Head of Syrian electronic army (territorial army intelligence service) under the former al-Assad regime. Involved in the violent crackdown and call for violence against the civilian population across Syria.
14.11.2011
64.
Mujahed (
) ISMAIL (
) (a.k.a. Ismael)
Date of birth: 1.1.1977;
Gender: male
Member of the Syrian electronic army (territorial army intelligence service) under the former al-Assad regime. Involved in the violent crackdown and call for violence against the civilian population across Syria.
14.11.2011
65.
Major General Nazih (
)
Gender: male
Deputy Director of General Intelligence Directorate under the former al-Assad regime. Responsible for the use of violence across Syria and intimidation and torture of protestors.
14.11.2011
66.
Major General Kifah (
) MOULHEM (
) (a.k.a. Moulhim, Mulhem, Mulhim, Milhem)
Date of birth: 28.11.1961;
Place of birth: Junaynat Ruslan, Tartus province, Syria;
Gender: male
Head of the National Security office since January 2024 under the former al-Assad regime. Former Head of the Military Intelligence Directorate appointed in March 2019. Former Head of the Security Committee in the Southern region and former deputy head of the Military Intelligence directorate, leading the regime’s operation in Homs and Aleppo regions. Responsible for the crackdown on the civilian population in Deir ez-Zor and the main individual responsible for the violent repression committed by the Military Intelligence Directorate (Branch 248) throughout 2011 and 2012 as well as torture and severe violations on detainees.
14.11.2011
67.
Major General Wajih (
) (a.k.a. Wajeeh) MAHMUD (
)
Gender: male
Commander 18th Armoured Division under the former al-Assad regime. Responsible for the violence against protestors in Homs.
14.11.2011
69.
Lt. General Talal (
) Mustafa (
) TLASS (
)
Gender: male
Deputy Chief of General Staff (Logistics and supplies) under the former al-Assad regime. Responsible for the use of violence against protestors across Syria.
14.11.2011
70.
Major General Fu’ad (
) TAWIL (
)
Gender: male
Deputy head of the Syrian Air Force Intelligence under the former al-Assad regime. Responsible for the use of violence across Syria and intimidation and torture of protestors.
14.11.2011
71.
Bushra (
) AL-ASSAD (
) (a.k.a. Bushra Shawkat, Bouchra Al Assad)
Date of birth: 24.10.1960;
Gender: female
Member of the Assad family; sister of former President Bashar al-Assad. Given the close personal relationship and intrinsic financial relationship to former President Bashar al-Assad, she benefits from and is associated with the former al-Assad regime.
23.3.2012
72.
Asma (
) AL-ASSAD (
) (a.k.a. Asma Fawaz Al Akhras)
Date of birth: 11.8.1975;
Place of birth: London, UK;
Passport No 707512830, expires 22.9.2020;
Maiden name: Al Akhras;
Gender: female
Member of the Assad family and closely connected to key regime figures; wife of former President Bashar al-Assad. Given the close personal relationship and intrinsic financial relationship to former President Bashar al-Assad, she benefits from and is associated with the former al-Assad regime.
23.3.2012
73.
Manal (
) AL-ASSAD (
) (a.k.a. Manal Al Ahmad)
Date of birth: 2.2.1970;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Passport No (Syrian) 0000000914;
Maiden name: Al Jadaan;
Gender: female
Wife of Maher al-Assad, and as such benefits from and is closely associated with the former al-Assad regime.
23.3.2012
74.
Mohammad Walid GHAZAL
Date of birth: 1.11.1951;
Place of birth: Aleppo, Syria;
Syrian National ID Number: 02020332623;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Housing and Urban Development (appointed 27.8.2014). As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
21.10.2014
76.
Major General Ibrahim (
) AL-HASSAN (
) (a.k.a. al-Hasan)
Gender: male
Deputy Chief of Staff under the former al-Assad regime. Military official involved in the violence in Homs.
14th Division. Military official under the former al-Assad regime involved in the violence in Homs.
1.12.2011
78.
Ali BARAKAT (a.k.a. Barakat Ali Barakat) (
)
Gender: male
Military official under the former al-Assad regime involved in the violence in Homs. Part of the 30th Mobile Infantry Division of the Republican Guard.
1.12.2011
79.
Major General Talal (
) MAKHLUF (
) (a.k.a. Makhlouf)
Gender: male
Former commander of the 105th Brigade of the Republican Guards under the former al-Assad regime. Former Commander General of the Republican Guards. Current Commander of the 2nd Corps. Member of the Syrian Armed Forces of the rank of Major General in post after May 2011 under the former al-Assad regime. Military official involved in the violence in Damascus.
1.12.2011
80.
Major General Nazih (
) (a.k.a. Nazeeh) HASSUN (
) (a.k.a. Hassoun)
Gender: male
Officer of the rank of Major General in the Syrian Armed Forces in post after May 2011 under the former al-Assad regime. Head of the Political Security Directorate of the Syrian security services in post after May 2011 under the former al-Assad regime. Responsible for violent repression of the civilian population in Syria.
1.12.2011
81.
Captain Maan (
) (a.k.a. Ma’an) JDIID (
) (a.k.a. Jdid, Jedid, Jedeed, Jadeed, Jdeed)
Gender: male
Presidential Guard. Military official under the former al-Assad regime involved in the violence in Homs.
1.12.2011
82.
Mohammad (
) (a.k.a. Mohamed, Muhammad, Mohammed) AL-SHAAR (
) (a.k.a. al-Chaar, al-Sha’ar, al-Cha’ar)
Date of birth: 1.10.1950;
Gender: male
Political Security Division. Military official under the former al-Assad regime involved in the violence in Homs.
1.12.2011
83.
Khald (
) (a.k.a. Khaled) AL-TAWEEL (
) (a.k.a. al-Tawil)
Gender: male
Political Security Division. Military official under the former al-Assad regime involved in the violence in Homs.
1.12.2011
84.
Ghiath (
) FAYAD (
) (a.k.a. Fayyad)
Gender: male
Political Security Division. Military official under the former al-Assad regime involved in the violence in Homs.
1.12.2011
85.
Brigadier General Jawdat (
) Ibrahim (
) SAFI (
)
Position: Commander of the 154th Regiment;
Gender: male
Ordered troops to shoot at protestors in and around Damascus, including Mo’adamiyeh, Duma, Abasiyeh, Duma, under the former al-Assad regime.
23.1.2012
86.
Major General Muhammad (
) (a.k.a. Mohammad, Muhammad, Mohammed) Ali (
) DURGHAM
Position: Commander of the 4th Division;
Gender: male
Ordered troops to shoot at protestors in and around Damascus, including Mo’adamiyeh, Duma, Abasiyeh, Duma, under the former al-Assad regime.
23.1.2012
87.
Major General Ramadan (
) Mahmoud (
) RAMADAN (
)
Date of birth: 10.3.1962;
Position: Commander of the 35th Special Forces Regiment;
Gender: male
Ordered troops to shoot protestors in Baniyas and Deraa, under the former al-Assad regime.
Position: Commander of the military operations in Idlib;
Gender: male
Gave orders to troops to shoot protestors in Idlib at the beginning of September 2011, under the former al-Assad regime.
23.1.2012
92.
Major General Bader (
) AQEL (
)
Position: Special Forces Commander;
Gender: male
Gave soldiers orders to pick up the bodies and hand them over to the mukhabarat and responsible for the violence in Bukamal under the former al-Assad regime.
23.1.2012
93.
Brigadier General Ghassan (
) AFIF (
) (a.k.a. Afeef)
Date of birth: 10.2.1958;
Position: Commander of the 45th Regiment;
Gender: male
Commander of military operations in Homs, Baniyas and Idlib under the former al-Assad regime.
23.1.2012
94.
Brigadier General Mohamed (
) (a.k.a. Mohammad, Muhammad, Mohammed) MAARUF (
) (a.k.a. Maarouf, Ma’ruf)
Position: Commander of the 45th Regiment;
Gender: male
Commander of military operations in Homs under the former al-Assad regime. Gave orders to shoot protestors in Homs.
23.1.2012
95.
Brigadier General Yousef (
) ISMAIL (
) (a.k.a. Ismael)
Position: Commander of the 134th Brigade;
Gender: male
Gave orders to troops to shoot at houses and people on roofs during a funeral in Talbiseh for protesters killed the previous day under the former al-Assad regime.
23.1.2012
96.
Brigadier General Jamal YUNES (a.k.a. Younes) (جمال يونس)
Position: Commander of the 555th Regiment;
Gender: male
Gave orders to troops to shoot at protestors in Mo’adamiyeh under the former al-Assad regime.
Head of the Military Security Committee in Hama in 2018.
23.1.2012
98.
Brigadier General Ali (
) DAWWA
Gender: male
Gave orders to troops to shoot protestors in Al-Herak under the former al-Assad regime.
23.1.2012
99.
Major General Mohamed (
) (a.k.a. Mohammad, Muhammad, Mohammed) KHADDOR (
) (a.k.a. Khaddour, Khaddur, Khadour, Khudour)
Date of birth: 13.1.1976;
Position: Commander of the 106th Brigade, Presidential Guard;
Gender: male
Gave orders to troops to beat protesters with sticks and then arrest them under the former al-Assad regime. Responsible for repression of peaceful protestors in Duma.
23.1.2012
101.
Wafiq (
) (a.k.a. Wafeeq) NASSER (
)
Position: Head of Suwayda Regional Branch (Department of Military Intelligence);
Gender: male
As Head of the Suwayda Regional Branch of the Department for Military Intelligence under the former al-Assad regime, responsible for arbitrary detention and torture of detainees in Suwayda.
23.1.2012
102.
Ahmed (
) (a.k.a. Ahmad) DIBE (
) (a.k.a. Dib, Deeb)
Head of Deraa Regional Branch (General Security Directorate);
Date of birth: 15.11.1961;
Gender: male
As Head of the Deraa Regional Branch of the General Security Directorate under the former al-Assad regime, responsible for arbitrary detention and torture of detainees in Deraa.
23.1.2012
103.
Makhmoud (
) (a.k.a. Mahmoud) AL-KHATTIB (
) (a.k.a. al-Khatib, al-Khateeb)
Position: Head of Investigative Branch (Political Security Directorate);
Gender: male
As Head of the Investigative Branch of the Political Security Directorate under the former al-Assad regime, responsible for detention and torture of detainees.
23.1.2012
104.
Mohamed (
) (a.k.a. Mohammad, Muhammad, Mohammed) Heikmat (
) (a.k.a. Hikmat, Hekmat) IBRAHIM (
)
Position: Major General. Head of the police of Al-Hassaka;
Gender: male
Head of the police of Al-Hassaka under the former al-Assad regime. Major General. As former Head of the Operations Branch of the Political Security Directorate, was responsible for detention and torture of detainees.
23.1.2012
105.
Nasser (
) (a.k.a. Naser) AL-ALI (
) (a.k.a. Brigadier General Nasr al-Ali)
Position: Head of the Political Security Directorate;
Gender: male
Head of the Political Security Directorate since July 2019 under the former al-Assad regime. Responsible for detention and torture of detainees.
23.1.2012
106.
Dr. Wael (
) Nader (
) AL–HALQI (
) (a.k.a. al-Halki)
Date of birth: 1964;
Place of birth: Dara’a Province, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Prime Minister, in office until 3.7.2016, and former Minister of Health under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. Chair of the Board of Trustees of the Qasyoun Private University.
27.2.2012
107.
Mohammad Ibrahim AL-SHA’AR
Date of birth: 1.10.1956;
Place of birth: Al-Haffah, Latakia, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of the Interior under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. Vice Chair of the National Progressive Front of Syria.
Former Minister of Finance, in office until 9.2.2013 under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
1.12.2011
109.
Imad (
) Mohammad (
) (a.k.a. Mohamed, Muhammad, Mohammed) Deeb (
) KHAMIS (
) (a.k.a. Imad Mohammad Dib Khamees)
Date of birth: 1.8.1961;
Place of birth: near Damascus, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Prime Minister and Former Minister of Electricity under the former al-Assad regime.
As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
23.3.2012
110.
Omar (
) Ibrahim (
) GHALAWANJI (
)
Date of birth: 1954;
Place of birth: Tartus, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Vice Prime Minister for Services Affairs under the former al-Assad regime, former Minister of Local Administration, in office until 3.7.2016. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
23.3.2012
111.
Joseph (
) SUWAID (
)
Date of birth: 1958;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of State under the former al-Assad regime, in office until at least 21.1.2014. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. Chair of the Amana wing of the Syrian Social Nationalist Party.
23.3.2012
112.
Hussein (
) (a.k.a. Hussain) Mahmoud (
) FARZAT (
) (a.k.a. Hussein Mahmud Farzat)
Date of birth: 6.9.1957;
Place of birth: Hama, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of State under the former al-Assad regime, in office until at least 2014. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
23.3.2012
113.
Mansour (
) Fadlallah (
) AZZAM (
) (a.k.a. Mansur Fadl Allah Azzam)
Date of birth: 15.3.1960;
Place of birth: Sweida Province, Syria;
Gender: male
Minister for Presidency Affairs under the former al-Assad regime. As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
27.2.2012
114.
Emad Abdul-Ghani SABOUNI (a.k.a. Imad Abdul Ghani Al Sabuni) (عماد عبدالغني صابوني)
Date of birth: 1964;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Telecommunications and Technology under the former al-Assad regime, in office until at least April 2014. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. Former Head of Planning and International Cooperation Agency (PICC). The PICC is a government agency, affiliated to the Prime Ministry and produces, in particular, the five-year plans that provide the broad guidelines for the Government’s economic and development policies.
27.2.2012
116.
Tayseer (
) Qala (
) AWWAD (
)
Date of birth: 1943;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Justice under the former al-Assad regime. Associated with the former al-Assad regime and its violent repression of the civilian population. Former Head of Military Court. Member of the High Judicial Council.
23.9.2011
117.
Adnan Hassan MAHMOUD (عدنان حسن محمود)
Date of birth: 1966;
Place of birth: Tartus, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Syrian Ambassador to Iran until 2020. Former Minister of Information in power after May 2011 under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
Former Minister of Labour in power after May 2011 (appointed 27.8.2014) under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
21.10.2014
119.
Sufian (
) ALLAW (
)
Date of birth: 8.2.1944;
Place of birth: al-Bukamal, Deir Ezzor, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Oil and Mineral Resources under the former al-Assad regime. Associated with the former al-Assad regime and its violent repression of the civilian population.
27.2.2012
120.
Dr Adnan (
) SLAKHO (
)
Date of birth: 7.9.1955;
Place of birth: Al-Malihah, Rif Dimashq, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Industry under the former al-Assad regime. Former Minister of Education and current business development consultant in the Ministry of Local Administration. Associated with the former al-Assad regime and its violent repression of the civilian population.
27.2.2012
121.
Dr Saleh (
) AL-RASHED (
)
Date of birth: 1.8.1964;
Place of birth: Aleppo Province, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Education under the former al-Assad regime and current Head of the International Relations Department at the Faculty of International Relations and Diplomacy at Al-Sham Private University. Associated with the former al-Assad regime and its violent repression of the civilian population.
27.2.2012
123.
Ghiath (
) JERAATLI (
) (a.k.a. Jer’atli, Jir’atli, Jiraatli)
Date of birth: 1950;
Place of birth: Salamiya, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of State under the former al-Assad regime. Associated with the former al-Assad regime and its violent repression of the civilian population.
23.3.2012
124.
Yousef (
) Suleiman (
) AL-AHMAD (
) (a.k.a. al-Ahmed)
Date of birth: 1956;
Place of birth: Hasaka, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of State under the former al-Assad regime. Associated with the former al-Assad regime and its violent repression of the civilian population.
23.3.2012
125.
Hassan (
,
) AL-SARI (
)
Date of birth: 1953;
Place of birth: Hama, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of State under the former al-Assad regime. Associated with the former al-Assad regime and its violent repression of the civilian population.
23.3.2012
126.
Bouthaina (
) SHAABAN (
) (a.k.a. Buthaina Shaaban)
Date of birth: 1.4.1953;
Place of birth: Homs, Syria;
Gender: female
Political and Media Advisor to the former President since July 2008 and as such associated with the violent crackdown on the civilian population under the former al-Assad regime.
26.6.2012
127.
Brigadier General Sha’afiq (
) (a.k.a. Shafiq, Shafik) MASA (
) (a.k.a. Massa)
Date of birth: 5.7.1956;
Place of birth: Al-Zara (Hama), Syria;
Gender: male
Head of Branch 215 (Damascus) of the army’s intelligence service under the former al-Assad regime. Responsible for the torture of detained opponents. Involved in repressive actions against the civilian population.
24.7.2012
128.
Brigadier General Burhan (
) QADOUR (
) (a.k.a. Qaddour, Qaddur)
Gender: male
Former Head of Branch 291 (Damascus) of the army’s intelligence service under the former al-Assad regime. Responsible for the torture of opponents in custody.
24.7.2012
129.
Brigadier General Salah (
) HAMAD (
)
Gender: male
Deputy Head of Branch 291 of the army’s intelligence service under the former al-Assad regime. Responsible for the torture of opponents in custody.
24.7.2012
130.
Brigadier General Muhammad (
) (a.k.a. Mohammed) KHALLOUF (
) (a.k.a. Abou Ezzat)
Date of birth: 2.11.1946;
Gender: male
Former (2009-2014) Head of Branch 235 a.k.a. “Palestine” (Damascus) of the army’s intelligence service under the former al-Assad regime, which is at the centre of the army’s apparatus of repression. Directly involved in repression of opponents. Responsible for the torture of opponents in custody.
24.7.2012
131.
Major General Riad (
) (a.k.a. Riyad) AL-AHMED (
) (a.k.a. al-Ahmad)
Gender: male
Deputy Head of Latakia Branch of the army’s intelligence service under the former al-Assad regime. Responsible for the torture and murder of opponents in custody.
24.7.2012
132.
Brigadier General Abdul-Salam Fajr MAHMOUD (عبدالسلام فجر محمود)
Date of birth: 1959
Gender: male
Head of the Security Committee of the Southern Region under the former al-Assad regime since December 2020. Former Head of the Bab Tuma (Damascus) Branch of the Syrian Air Force Intelligence Service. Former Head of the Mezze Airport Air Force intelligence investigation branch. Responsible for the torture of opponents in custody. Under international arrest warrant for “complicity in acts of torture”, “complicity in crimes against humanity” and “complicity in war crimes”.
24.7.2012
133.
Brigadier General Jawdat (
) AL-AHMED (
) (a.k.a. al-Ahmad)
Date of birth: 8.2.1958;
Place of birth: Qardaha, Lattakia province, Syria;
Gender: male
Head of the Homs Branch of the Syrian Air Force Intelligence Service under the former al-Assad regime. Responsible for the torture of opponents in custody as well as killings of peaceful protesters.
24.7.2012
134.
Colonel Qusay Ibrahim MIHOUB (قصي إبراهيم ميهوب)
Date of birth: 15.4.1961;
Place of birth: Derghamo, Jableh, Lattakia, Syria;
Gender: male
High-ranking officer at the Syrian Air Force Intelligence Service under the former al-Assad regime. Former Head of the Deraa branch of the air force’s intelligence service (sent from Damascus to Deraa at the start of demonstrations there). Responsible for the torture of opponents in custody as well as the violent repression of peaceful protests in the southern region.
24.7.2012
135.
Brigadier General Suhail (
) (a.k.a. Suheil) AL-ABDULLAH (
) (a.k.a. al-Abdallah)
Gender: male
Head of the Latakia Branch of the Syrian Air Force Intelligence Service under the former al-Assad regime. Responsible for the torture of opponents in custody.
24.7.2012
136.
Brigadier General Khudr (
) KHUDR (
)
Gender: male
Head of the Latakia branch of the General Intelligence Directorate under the former al-Assad regime. Responsible for the torture of opponents in custody.
24.7.2012
137.
Brigadier General Ibrahim MA’ALA (a.k.a. Maala, Maale, Ma’la)
(معلا ابراهيم, ابراهيم معلى)
Gender: male
Head of Branch 285 (Damascus) of the General Intelligence Directorate (replaced Brigadier General Hussam Fendi at the end of 2011) under the former al-Assad regime. Responsible for the torture of opponents in custody.
24.7.2012
138.
Brigadier General Firas (
) AL-HAMED (
) (a.k.a. al-Hamid)
Gender: male
Head of Branch 318 (Homs) of the General Intelligence Directorate under the former al-Assad regime. Responsible for the torture of opponents in custody.
24.7.2012
139.
Major General Hussam LUQA (a.k.a. Husam, Housam, Houssam; Louqa, Louca, Louka, Luka) (حسام لوقا)
Date of birth: 20.9.1960;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Head of the Security Committee of the Southern Region from 2018 to 2020 under the former al-Assad regime. Former Head of the General Security Directorate. Major General. From April 2012 to 2 December 2018, was head of the Homs branch of the Political Security Directorate (succeeded Brigadier General Nasr al-Ali). Since 3 December 2018, head of the Political Security Directorate. Director of the General Intelligence Department since 2019. Responsible for the torture of opponents in custody.
24.7.2012
140.
Brigadier General Taha TAHA (طه طه)
Gender: male
Deputy assistant to the Head of the Political Security Division under the former al-Assad regime. Former site manager of the Latakia branch of the Political Security Directorate. Responsible for the torture of opponents in custody.
24.7.2012
141.
Bassel (
) (a.k.a. Basel) BILAL (
)
Gender: male
Police officer under the former al-Assad regime at Idlib central prison; has taken part directly in acts of torture of opponents held in Idlib central prison.
24.7.2012
142.
Ahmad (
) (a.k.a. Ahmed) KAFAN (
)
Gender: male
Police officer under the former al-Assad regime at Idlib central prison; has taken part directly in acts of torture of opponents held in Idlib central prison.
24.7.2012
143.
Bassam (
) AL-MISRI (
)
Gender: male
Police officer under the former al-Assad regime at Idlib central prison; has taken part directly in acts of torture of opponents held in Idlib central prison.
24.7.2012
144.
Major General Ahmed AL-JARROUCHEH (a.k.a. Ahmad; al-Jarousha, al-Jarousheh, al-Jaroucha, al-Jarouchah, al-Jaroucheh) (احمد الجروشة)
Date of birth: 1957;
Gender: male
Former head of the foreign branch of General Intelligence (Branch 279) under the former al-Assad regime. As such, responsible for General Intelligence arrangements in Syrian embassies.
24.7.2012
146.
General Ghassan Jaoudat ISMAIL (a.k.a. Ismael) (غسان جودت اسماعيل)
Date of birth: 3.1.1959;
Place of birth: Junaynat Ruslan – Darkoush, Tartus region, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Head of the Syrian Air Force Intelligence Service under the former al-Assad regime. Former deputy director of the Air Force Intelligence Service and previously in charge of the missions branch of the Air Force Intelligence Service which, in cooperation with the special operations branch, manages the elite troops of the Air Force Intelligence Service, who play an important role in the repression conducted by the former al-Assad regime. As such, Ghassan Jaoudat Ismail is one of the top military leaders directly implementing the violent repression of opponents conducted by the former al-Assad regime as well as practices of disappearance of civilians.
24.7.2012
147.
Major General Amer AL-ACHI (a.k.a. Amer Ibrahim al-Achi; Amis al Ashi; Ammar Aachi; Amer Ashi) (عامر ابراهيم العشي)
Gender: male
Former Governor of the Sweida Governorate under the former al-Assad regime, appointed by former President Bashar al-Assad in July 2016. Former Head of the intelligence branch of the Syrian Air Force Intelligence Service (2012-2016). Through his role in the Air Force Intelligence Service, Amer al-Achi is implicated in the repression of the Syrian opposition.
24.7.2012
148.
General Mohammed (
) (a.k.a. Muhammad, Mohamed, Mohammad) Ali (
) NASR (
) (a.k.a. Mohammed Ali Naser)
Date of birth: 8.10.1964;
Gender: male
Close to Maher al-Assad, younger brother of former President Bashar al-Assad. Most of his career has been spent in the Republican Guard. In 2010 he joined the internal branch (Branch 251) of the General Intelligence Directorate which is responsible for combatting the political opposition. As one of its senior officers, General Mohammed Ali Nasr is directly involved in the repression of opponents under the former al-Assad regime.
24.7.2012
149.
General Issam (
) HALLAQ (
)
Gender: male
Air Force Chief of Staff since 2010 under the former al-Assad regime. Commands air operations against opponents.
24.7.2012
150.
Ezzedine (
) ISMAEL (
) (a.k.a. Ismail)
Date of birth: middle of the 1940s (probably 1947);
Place of birth: Bastir, Jableh region, Syria;
Gender: male
Retired general, longstanding member of the managerial staff of the Air Force Intelligence Service, of which he became the head in the early 2000s. Was appointed political and security adviser to the former President in 2006. As political and security adviser to former President Bashar al-Assad, Ezzedine Ismael is implicated in the political repression conducted by the former al-Assad regime against the opposition.
For almost 20 years he has been head of the office of Mohammad Nassif Kheir Bek, one of the main security advisers of former President Bashar al-Assad (and officially deputy to the Vice President, Farouk al-Sharaa). Samir Joumaa’s closeness to former President Bashar al-Assad and Mohammed Nassif Kheir Bek means that he is implicated in the policy of repression conducted by the former al-Assad regime against its opponents.
24.7.2012
152.
Dr. Qadri (
) (a.k.a. Kadri) JAMIL (
) (a.k.a. Jameel)
Date of birth: 1952;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Vice Prime Minister for Economic Affairs, former Minister of Domestic Trade and Consumer Protection under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
Minister of Religious Endowments under the former al-Assad regime. As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
16.10.2012
156.
Hala Mohammad (a.k.a. Mohamed, Muhammad, Mohammed) AL NASSER (هاله محمد الناصر)
Date of birth: 1964;
Place of birth: Raqqa, Syria;
Gender: female
Former Minister of Tourism under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
16.10.2012
157.
Bassam (
) HANNA (
)
Date of birth: 1954;
Place of birth: Aleppo, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Water Resources in power after May 2011 under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
16.10.2012
158.
Subhi (
) Ahmad (
) AL ABDALLAH (
) (a.k.a. al-Abdullah)
Date of birth: 17.8.1951;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Agriculture and Agrarian Reform under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
Former Minister of Higher Education under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
16.10.2012
160.
Dr. Hazwan (
) AL WEZ (
) (a.k.a. Al Wazz)
Date of birth: 7.3.1962;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Education under the former al-Assad regime, appointed in July 2016.
As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
16.10.2012
162.
Dr. Mahmoud (
) Ibraheem (
) (a.k.a. Ibrahim) SA’IID (
) (a.k.a. Said, Sa’eed, Saeed)
Date of birth: 30.5.1953;
Place of birth: Lattakia, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Transport in power after May 2011 under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
16.10.2012
163.
Dr. Safwan (
) AL ASSAF (
)
Date of birth: 13.3.1959;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Housing and Urban Development under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
16.10.2012
164.
Yasser (
) (a.k.a. Yaser) AL SIBA’II (
) (a.k.a. al-Sibai, al-Siba’i, al Sibaei)
Date of birth: 26.3.1951;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Public Works under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
Former Minister of Oil and Mineral Resources under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
16.10.2012
166.
Dr. Lubana (
) (a.k.a. Lubanah) MUSHAWEH (
) (a.k.a. Mshaweh, Mshawweh, Mushawweh)
Date of birth: 1955;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Gender: female
Former Minister of Culture in power after May 2011 under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
16.10.2012
167.
Dr Jassem Mohammad ZAKARIA (a.k.a. Mohamed, Muhammad, Mohammed, Jasem)
Date of birth: 1968
Gender: male
Former Minister of Labour and Social Affairs under the former al-Assad regime.
As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
16.10.2012
169.
Dr. Adnan (
) Abdo (
) (a.k.a. Abdou) AL SIKHNY (
) (a.k.a. al-Sikhni, al-Sekhny, al-Sekhni)
Date of birth: 1961;
Place of birth: Aleppo, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Industry under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
16.10.2012
170.
Najm (
) (a.k.a. Nejm) Hamad (
) AL AHMAD (
) (a.k.a. al-Ahmed)
Gender: male
Former Minister of Justice in power after May 2011 under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
16.10.2012
171.
Dr. Abdul-Salam (
) AL NAYEF (
)
Date of birth: 1959
Place of birth: Aleppo, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Health in power after May 2011 under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
16.10.2012
172.
Ali HADAR (a.k.a. HAIDAR)
Date of birth: 21.7.1962;
Gender: male
Head of the National Reconciliation Agency and former State Minister for National Reconciliation Affairs under the former al-Assad regime. Chair of the Intifada wing of the Syrian Social Nationalist Party. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
16.10.2012
173.
Dr. Nazeera (
) (a.k.a. Nazira, Nadheera, Nadhira) Farah (
) SARKEES (
) (a.k.a. Sarkis)
Date of birth: 1962;
Place of birth: Aleppo, Syria;
Gender: female
Former State Minister for Environmental Affairs under the former al-Assad regime, in power after May 2011. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
Former State Minister under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
16.10.2012
176.
Abdullah (
) (a.k.a. Abdallah) Khaleel (
) (a.k.a. Khalil) HUSSEIN (
) a.k.a. Hussain)
Gender: male
Former State Minister under the former al-Assad regime in power after May 2011. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
16.10.2012
177.
Jamal (
) Sha’ban (
) (a.k.a. Shaaban) SHAHEEN (
)
Gender: male
Former State Minister under the former al-Assad regime in power after May 2011. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
Former Minister of Health under the former al-Assad regime.
As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
21.10.2014
179.
Razan (
) OTHMAN (
)
Wife of Rami Makhlouf, daughter of Waleed (alias Walid) Othman;
Date of birth: 31.1.1977;
Place of birth: Governorate of Latakia, Syria;
ID No: 06090034007
Gender: female
Razan Othman has close personal and financial relations with Rami Makhlouf, cousin of former President Bashar al-Assad and principal financer of the regime, who has been designated by the Council. As such, associated with the former al-Assad regime, and benefiting from it, notably through investments in the real estate sector.
16.10.2012
181.
Suleiman AL ABBAS
Gender: male
Former Oil and Mineral Resources Minister under the former al-Assad regime in power after May 2011. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
24.6.2014
182.
Kamal Eddin TU’MA
Date of birth: 1959;
Gender: male
Former Industry Minister under the former al-Assad regime in power after May 2011. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
24.6.2014
183.
Kinda AL-SHAMMAT (a.k.a. Shmat)
Date of birth: 1973;
Gender: female
Former Social Affairs Minister under the former al-Assad regime in power after May 2011. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
24.6.2014
184.
Hassan HIJAZI
Date of birth: 1964;
Gender: male
Former Minister for Labour under the former al-Assad regime in power after May 2011. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
24.6.2014
185.
Ismael ISMAEL (a.k.a. Ismail Ismail; or Isma’Il Isma’il)
Date of birth: 1955;
Gender: male
Former Finance Minister under the former al-Assad regime in power after May 2011. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
24.6.2014
186.
Dr. Khodr ORFALI (a.k.a. Khud/Khudr; Urfali/Orphaly)
Date of birth: 1956;
Gender: male
Former Economy and Foreign Trade Minister under the former al-Assad regime in power after May 2011. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
24.6.2014
187.
Samir Izzat Qadi AMIN
Date of birth: 1966;
Gender: male
Former Internal Trade and Consumer Protection Minister under the former al-Assad regime in power after May 2011. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
24.6.2014
188.
Bishr Riyad YAZIGI
Date of birth: 13.11.1972;
Gender: male
Advisor to former President Bashar al-Assad. Former Minister of Tourism under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
24.6.2014
189.
Dr. Malek (
) ALI (
) (a.k.a. Malik Ali)
Date of birth: 1956;
Place of birth: Tartus, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Higher Education Minister under the former al-Assad regime in power after May 2011. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
24.6.2014
190.
Hussein ARNOUS (a.k.a. Arnus) (حسين عرنوس)
Date of birth: 1.1.1953;
Place of birth: Idleb, Syria;
Gender: male
Prime Minister under the former al-Assad regime. Appointed in August 2020.
As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
24.6.2014
191.
Dr. Hassib Elias SHAMMAS (a.k.a. Hasib)
Date of birth: 1957;
Place of birth: Aleppo, Syria;
Gender: male
Former State Minister under the former al-Assad regime in power after May 2011. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
Leading businessperson operating in Syria, with interests and/or activities in multiple sectors of Syria’s economy. He holds interests in and/or has significant influence in Anwar Akkad Sons Group (AASG) and its subsidiary United Oil. AASG is a conglomerate with interests in sectors such as oil, gas, chemicals, insurance, industrial machinery, real estate, tourism, exhibitions, contracting, insurance and medical equipment. He is also a co-founder of a leading security firm (ProGuard). ProGuard is involved in al-Assad’s effort to collaborate with President Putin by recruiting soldiers for Russia’s war of aggression against Ukraine.
Hashim Anwar al-Aqqad also worked as a member of the Syrian Parliament as recently as 2012.
Hashim Anwar al-Aqqad could not have remained successful without assistance from the former al-Assad regime. Given the extent of his business and political ties to the former al-Assad regime, he provides support to and benefits from the former al-Assad regime.
23.7.2014
193.
Suhayl (a.k.a. Sohail, Suhail, Suheil) HASSAN (a.k.a. Hasan, al-Hasan, al-Hassan) known as “The Tiger” (a.k.a. al-Nimr)
Date of birth: 10.6.1970;
Place of birth: Jableh, Latakia Province, Syria;
Rank: Major-General;
Position: Commander of Qawat al-Nimr (Division 25 Special Mission Forces, formerly known as Tiger Forces);
Gender: male
Officer of the rank of Major-General in the Syrian Army under the former al-Assad regime after May 2011. Commander of army division known as “Tiger Forces”. Since August 2019, “Tiger Forces” has been renamed “Division 25 Special Mission Forces” and placed under the army’s central command. Responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population in Syria.
23.7.2014
194.
Amr ARMANAZI (a.k.a. Amr Muhammad Najib al-Armanazi, Amr Najib Armanazi, Amrou al-Armanazy)
Date of birth: 7.2.1944;
Gender: male
Director-General of the Syrian Scientific Studies and Research Centre (SSRC), responsible for providing support to the Syrian army during the al-Assad regime for the acquisition of equipment used for the surveillance and repression of demonstrators. Also responsible for the development and production of non-conventional weapons, including chemical weapons, and the missiles to deliver them.
Responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population; supports the former al-Assad regime.
23.7.2014
199.
Bayan BITAR (a.k.a. Dr. Bayan al-Bitar)
Date of birth: 8.3.1947;
Address: P.O. Box 11037, Damascus, Syria;
Gender: male
Managing Director of the Organisation for Technological Industries (OTI), and the Syrian Company for Information Technology (SCIT), which are both subsidiaries of the Syrian Ministry of Defence, which has been designated by the Council. OTI assists in the production of chemical weapons for the former al-Assad regime. As Managing Director of OTI and the SCIT, Bayan Bitar provides support to the former al-Assad regime. Due to his role in the production of chemical weapons, he also shares responsibility for the violent repression of the Syrian population. In view of his senior position in these entities, he is also associated with the designated entities OTI and SCIT.
7.3.2015
200.
Brigadier General Ghassan ABBAS
Date of birth: 10.3.1960;
Place of birth: Homs, Syria;
Address: CERS, Centre d’Etude et de Recherche Scientifique (a.k.a. SSRC, Scientific Studies and Research Centre; Centre de Recherche de Kaboun Barzeh Street, P.O. Box 4470, Damascus, Syria)
Gender: male
Manager of the branch of the designated Syrian Scientific Studies and Research Centre (SSRC/CERS) near Jumraya/Jmraiya. He has been involved in the proliferation of chemical weapons and the organisation of chemical weapons attacks, including in Ghouta in August 2013. He therefore shares responsibility for the violent repression of the Syrian population. As manager of the SSRC/CERS branch near Jumraya/Jmraiya, Ghassan Abbas provides support to the former al-Assad regime. As a result of his senior position in the SSRC, he is also associated with the designated entity SSRC.
7.3.2015
202.
Hassan SAFIYEH (a.k.a. Hassan Safiye)
Date of birth: 1949;
Place of birth: Latakia, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Internal Trade and Consumer Protection under the former al-Assad regime in power after May 2011 (appointed 27.8.2014). As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
21.10.2014
203.
George HASWANI (a.k.a. Heswani; Hasawani; Al Hasawani)
Address: Damascus Province, Yabroud, Al Jalaa St, Syria;
Other information: Hesco Engineering and Construction Company Ltd is registered at the same London address as British firm, Savero Ltd.;
Gender: male
Leading businessperson operating in Syria linked to the former al-Assad regime, with interests and/or activities in the engineering, construction and oil and gas sectors. He holds interests in and/or has significant influence in a number of companies and entities in Syria, in particular HESCO Engineering and Construction Company, a major engineering and construction company.
Address: Hamsho Building 31 Baghdad Street, Damascus, Syria;
Gender: male
Occupies a senior management position in Hamsho Trading. As a result of his senior position in Hamsho Trading, a subsidiary of Hamsho International, which has been designated by the Council, he provides support to the former al-Assad regime and is associated with that entity.
He is vice president of the Syrian Council of Iron and Steel alongside designated al-Assad regime -linked businessmen such as Ayman Jabir. Hamsho’s assets include Syrian Metal Industries, a steel plant outside Damascus, which Hamsho has supplied with scrap metal looted by pro-government militias over the course of the war. He is also an associate of former President Bashar al-Assad.
7.3.2015
206.
Major General Muhamad (
) (a.k.a. Mohamed, Muhammad) MAHALLA (
) (a.k.a. Mahla, Mualla, Maalla, Muhalla)
Date of birth: 4.6.1959;
Place of birth: Jableh, Syria;
Gender: male
Member of the Syria Armed Forces of the rank of Major General under the former al-Assad regime in post after May 2011. Former head of the Syrian Military Intelligence (SMI), Branch 293 (Internal Affairs), since April 2015. Responsible for repression of and violence against the civilian population in Damascus/Damascus Countryside. Former Deputy Head of Political Security (2012), Officer of the Syrian Republican Guard and Vice-Director of the Political Security Directorate. Former head of Military Police, Member of the National Security Bureau.
29.5.2015
207.
Adib SALAMEH (a.k.a. Adib Salamah; Adib Salama; Adib Salame; Mohammed Adib Salameh; Adib Nimr Salameh) (
)
Position: Major General, Deputy Director of Air Force Intelligence Directorate in Damascus;
Date of birth: 26.11.1953;
Gender: male
Member of the Syrian security and intelligence services under the former al-Assad regime in post after May 2011; Deputy Director of the Air Force Intelligence Directorate in Damascus; previously Head of Air Force Intelligence in Aleppo.
Member of the Syrian Armed Forces of the rank of Colonel and the equivalent or higher in post after May 2011; holds the rank of Major General.
Responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population in Syria, through the planning of and involvement in military assaults in Aleppo and authority over the arrest and detention of civilians.
Holds the rank of Brigadier General of 155 Brigade and 157 Brigade in the Syrian Army under the former al-Assad regime in post after May 2011.
As the Brigadier General of 155 Brigade and 157 Brigade, he is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population in Syria, including through his responsibility for the deployment and use of missile and chemical weapons in civilian areas in 2013 and involvement in large scale detentions.
Holds the rank of Major General, a senior officer in the Syrian Artillery and Missile Directorate of the Syrian Armed Forces under the former al-Assad regime, in post after May 2011.
As a senior ranking officer of the Syrian Artillery and Missile Directorate, he is responsible for violent repression of the civilian population, including the use of missiles and chemical weapons by Brigades under his command in highly populated civilian areas in Ghouta in 2013.
28.10.2016
210.
Tahir (
) Hamid (
) KHALIL (
) (a.k.a. Tahir Hamid Khali; Khalil Tahir Hamid)
Position: Major General;
Date of birth: 3.7.1955;
Gender: male
Holds the ranks of Major General, Head of the Syrian Artillery and Missiles Directorate of the Syrian Armed Forces under the former al-Assad regime, in post after May 2011. As a senior ranking officer of the Syrian Artillery and Missile Directorate, he is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population, including the deployment of missiles and chemical weapons by Brigades under his command in highly populated civilian areas in Ghouta in 2013.
28.10.2016
211.
Hilal HILAL (a.k.a. Hilal al-Hilal) (
)
Date of birth: 30.6.1966;
Gender: male
Member of the regime-affiliated militias known as “Kataeb al-Baath” (the Baath Party militia). Vice-Chairman of the Baath Party. Supports the former al-Assad regime through his role in the recruitment and organisation of the Baath Party militia.
28.10.2016
213.
Bishr AL-SABBAN (a.k.a. Mohammed Bishr al-Sabban; Bishr Mazin al-Sabban)
Date of birth: 18.3.1966;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Governor of Damascus, who was appointed by, and is associated with, former President Bashar al-Assad. Supports the former al-Assad regime and is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population in Syria, including engaging in discriminatory practices against Sunni communities within the capital.
28.10.2016
214.
Ahmad Sheik ABDUL-QADER (a.k.a. Ahmad Sheikh Abdul Qadir; Ahmad al-Sheik Abdulquader) (
)
Gender: male
Former Governor of Quneitra, associated with and appointed by former President Bashar al-Assad. Previously Governor of Latakia. Supports and benefits from the former al-Assad regime, including by public support for the Syrian Armed Forces and pro-regime militia.
28.10.2016
215.
Dr. Ghassan Omar KHALAF (
)
Gender: male
Former Governor of Hama, who was appointed by, and is associated with, former President Bashar al-Assad. He also supports and benefits from the former al-Assad regime. Ghassan Omar Khalaf is closely associated with members of a regime-affiliated militia in Hama known as the Hama Brigade.
Former Governor of Idlib, associated with and appointed by former President Bashar al-Assad. Benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime, including by providing support for Syrian Armed Forces and pro-regime militia. Associated with the former al-Assad regime’s Minister of Awqaf, Dr. Mohammad Abdul-Sattar al-Sayyed, who is his brother.
28.10.2016
217.
Atef NADDAF (
)
Date of birth: 1956;
Place of birth: Damascus countryside, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Internal Trade and Consumer Protection under the former al-Assad regime.
As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
14.11.2016
218.
Hussein MAKHLOUF (a.k.a. Makhluf) (
)
Date of birth: 1964;
Place of birth: Lattakia, Syria;
Gender: male
Minister of Water Resources under the former al-Assad regime since December 2023. Former Minister of local Administration and environment.
Former Governor of Damascus Governorate.
As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
Cousin of Rami Makhlouf.
14.11.2016
219.
Ali AL-ZAFIR (
)
Date of birth: 15.5.1962;
Place of birth: Tartus, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Communications and Technology under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
14.11.2016
220.
Ali GHANEM (
)
Date of birth: 1963;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister for Petroleum and Mineral Resources under the former al-Assad regime.
As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
14.11.2016
221.
Mohammed (a.k.a. Mohamed, Muhammad, Mohammad) Ramez TOURJMAN (a.k.a. Tourjuman) (
)
Date of birth: 19.4.1966;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Information under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
14.11.2016
222.
Mohammed (a.k.a. Mohamed, Muhammad, Mohammad) AL-AHMED (a.k.a. al-Ahmad) (
)
Date of birth: 1961;
Place of birth: Lattakia, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Culture Minister under the former al-Assad regime.
As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
14.11.2016
223.
Ali HAMOUD (a.k.a. Hammoud) (
)
Date of birth: 15.9.1964;
Place of birth: Tartus, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Transport Minister under the former al-Assad regime.
As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
14.11.2016
224.
Mohammed Zuhair (a.k.a. Zahir) KHARBOUTLI (
)
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Electricity Minister under the former al-Assad regime.
As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
14.11.2016
225.
Maamoun (a.k.a. Ma’moun) HAMDAN (
)
Date of birth: 27.7.1958;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Finance Minister under the former al-Assad regime.
As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
14.11.2016
226.
Nabil AL-HASAN (a.k.a. al-Hassan) (
)
Date of birth: 1963;
Place of birth: Aleppo, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Water Resources under the former al-Assad regime.
Appointed in July 2016.
As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
14.11.2016
228.
Abdullah AL-GHARBI (a.k.a. al-Qirbi) (
)
Date of birth: 1962;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Internal Trade and Consumer Protection under the former al-Assad regime.
Appointed in July 2016.
As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
14.11.2016
229.
Abdullah ABDULLAH (
)
Date of birth: 1956;
Gender: male
Minister of State under the former al-Assad regime. Appointed in August 2021.
As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
14.11.2016
230.
Salwa ABDULLAH (
)
Date of birth: 1953;
Place of birth: Quneitra, Syria;
Gender: female
Former Minister of social affairs and labour under the former al-Assad regime.
Former State Minister.
As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
14.11.2016
231.
Rafe’a Abu SA’AD (a.k.a. Saad) (
)
Date of birth: 1954;
Place of birth: Habran village, Sweida province, Syria;
Gender: male
Former State Minister under the former al-Assad regime.
As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
14.11.2016
232.
Wafiqa HOSNI (
)
Date of birth: 1952;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Gender: female
State Minister under the former al-Assad regime.
Appointed in July 2016.
As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
14.11.2016
233.
Rima AL-QADIRI (a.k.a. al-Kadiri) (
)
Date of birth: 1963;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Gender: female
Minister for Social Affairs under the former al-Assad regime (since August 2015).
As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
14.11.2016
234.
Duraid DURGHAM
Date of birth: 27.12.1964;
Gender: male
Former Governor of the Central Bank of Syria.
Was responsible for providing economic and financial support to the former al-Assad regime through his functions as the Governor of the Central Bank of Syria, which is also listed.
14.11.2016
235.
Ahmad BALLUL (a.k.a. Ahmad Muhammad Ballul; Ahmed Balol) (
)
Date of birth: 10.10.1954;
Rank: Major General; Commander of the Syrian Arab Air Force and Air Defence Forces;
Gender: male
Holds the rank of Major General, a senior officer and Commander of the Syrian Arab Air and Air Defence Forces under the former al-Assad regime, in post after May 2011.
Operates in the chemical weapons proliferation sector and, as a senior ranking officer of the Syrian Arab Air Force, is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population, including the use of chemical weapons attacks by the former al-Assad regime identified in the report of the Joint Investigative Mechanism.
Holds the rank of Major General, a senior officer and former Commander of the 22nd Division of the Syrian Arab Air Force under the former al-Assad regime, in post after May 2011.
Operates in the chemical weapons proliferation sector and is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population. As a senior ranking officer of the Syrian Arab Air Force and Commander of the 22nd Division until April 2017 he holds responsibility for the use of chemical weapons by aircraft operating from airbases under the control of the 22nd Division, including the attack on Talmenes that the Joint Investigative Mechanism reported was conducted by Hama airfield-based regime helicopters.
21.3.2017
237.
Muhammed IBRAHIM (
)
Date of birth: 5.8.1964;
Rank: Brigadier General; Deputy Commander of Syrian Arab Air Force 63rd Brigade at Hama airfield;
Gender: male
Holds the rank of Brigadier General, a senior officer and Deputy Commander of the Syrian Arab Air Force 63rd Brigade under the former al-Assad regime, in post after May 2011.
Operates in the chemical weapons proliferation sector and, as a senior ranking officer of the Syrian Arab Air Force during the period investigated by the Joint Investigative Mechanism and as Deputy Commander of the 63rd Brigade from March to December 2015, is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population through the use of chemical weapons by the 63rd Brigade in Talmenes (21.4.2014), Qmenas (16.3.2015) and Sarmin (16.3.2015).
21.3.2017
238.
Badi’ MU’ALLA (
)
Date of birth: 5.4.1961;
Place of birth: Bistuwir, Jablah, Syria;
Rank: Brigadier General; Commander of Syrian Arab Air Force 63rd Brigade;
Gender: male
Holds the rank of Brigadier General, a senior officer and Commander of 63rd Brigade of the Syrian Arab Air Force under the former al-Assad regime, in post after May 2011.
Operates in the chemical weapons proliferation sector and, as Commander of the 63rd Brigade during the period investigated by the Joint Investigative Mechanism, is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population through the use of chemical weapons by the 63rd Brigade in Talmenes (21.4.2014), Qmenas (16.3.2015) and Sarmin (16.3.2015).
21.3.2017
239.
Hisham Mohammad Mamdouh AL-SHA’AR (هشام محمد ممدوح الشعار)
Date of birth: 1958;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Justice Minister under the former al-Assad regime.
As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
30.5.2017
240.
Mohammad Samer Abdelrahman AL-KHALIL
Date of birth: 31.12.1977;
Gender: male
Economy and Foreign Trade Minister under the former al-Assad regime. Appointed in March 2017.
30.5.2017
241.
Salam Mohammad AL-SAFFAF
Date of birth: 1979;
Gender: female
Administrative Development Minister under the former al-Assad regime. Appointed in March 2017.
30.5.2017
242.
Samir DABUL (a.k.a. Samir Daaboul)
Date of birth: 4.9.1965;
Rank: Brigadier General;
Gender: male
Holds the rank of Brigadier General under the former al-Assad regime, in post after May 2011.
As a senior military officer, he is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population and involved in the storage and deployment of chemical weapons. He is also associated with the Syrian Scientific Studies and Research Centre, a listed entity.
18.7.2017
243.
Ali WANUS (a.k.a. Ali Wannous) (
)
Date of birth: 5.2.1964;
Rank: Major General;
Gender: male
Holds the rank of Major General under the former al-Assad regime, in post after May 2011.
As a senior military officer, he is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population and involved in the storage and deployment of chemical weapons.
He is also associated with the Syrian Scientific Studies and Research Centre, a listed entity.
18.7.2017
244.
Yasin Ahmad DAHI (a.k.a. Yasin Dahi; Yasin Dhahi) (
)
Date of birth: 1960;
Rank: Brigadier General;
Gender: male
Holds the rank of Brigadier General in the Syrian Armed Forces under the former al-Assad regime, in post after May 2011. Senior officer within the Military Intelligence Directorate of the Syrian Armed Forces. Former head of Military Intelligence Branch 235 in Damascus and Military Intelligence in Homs. As a senior military officer, he is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population.
18.7.2017
245.
Muhammad Yousef HASOURI (a.k.a. Mohammad Yousef Hasouri; Mohammed Yousef Hasouri) (محمد يوسف حاصوري)
Rank: Brigadier General;
Gender: male
Brigadier General Muhammad Hasouri is a senior officer of the Syrian Air Force under the former al-Assad regime, in post after May 2011. He held the position as Chief of Staff of Air Force Brigade 50 and Deputy Commander of the Shayrat Airbase. Brigadier General Muhammad Hasouri operates in the chemical weapons proliferation sector and was involved in the chemical massacre in “Khan Sheikhoun” of 4 April 2017. As a senior military officer, he is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population in Syria.
18.7.2017
246.
Malik HASAN (a.k.a. Malek Hassan) (
)
Rank: Major General;
Date of birth: 1.1.1959;
Gender: male
Holds the rank of Major General, a senior officer and Commander of the 22nd Division of the Syrian Air Force under the former al-Assad regime, in post after May 2011.
As a senior officer of the Syrian Air Force and in the chain of command of the 22nd Division, he is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population in Syria, including the use of chemical weapons by aircraft operating from airbases under the control of the 22nd Division, such as the attack on Talmenas that the Joint Investigative Mechanism established by the United Nations reported was conducted by Hama airfield-based regime helicopters.
Former Governor of Hasaka, appointed by former President Bashar al-Assad; he is associated with former President Bashar al-Assad.
Holds the rank of Major General, a senior officer and former Chief of Staff of the Syrian Air Force under the former al-Assad regime.
As a senior officer of the Syrian Air Force under the former al-Assad regime, he is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population in Syria, including the use of chemical weapons attacks by the former al-Assad regime during his tenure as Chief of Staff of the Syrian Air Force, as identified in the report of the Joint Investigative Mechanism established by the United Nations.
18.7.2017
248.
Mayzar ‘Abdu SAWAN (a.k.a. Meezar Sawan) (
)
Date of birth: 1954;
Rank: Major General;
Gender: male
Holds the rank of Major General, a senior officer and Commander of the 20th Division of the Syrian Air Force under the former al-Assad regime, in post after May 2011.
As a senior officer in the Syrian air force he is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population including attacks against civilian areas by aircraft operating from airbases under the control of the 20th Division.
18.7.2017
258.
Mohamed Mazen Ali YOUSEF (
)
Date of birth: 17.5.1969;
Place of birth: Damascus Countryside, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Industry under the former al-Assad regime. Appointed in January 2018.
As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
26.2.2018
259.
Imad Abdullah SARA (
)
Date of birth: 1968;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Information under the former al-Assad regime. Appointed in January 2018.
As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
26.2.2018
260.
Yusuf AJEEB (a.k.a.
; Yousef; Ajib)
Position: Brigadier General; Doctor; Head of Security Office, Scientific Studies and Research Centre (SSRC);
Address: Scientific Studies and Research Centre (SSRC), Barzeh Street, P.O. Box 4470, Damascus, Syria;
Gender: male
Holds the rank of Brigadier General, a senior officer in the Syrian Armed Forces under the former al-Assad regime, in post after May 2011. Since 2012, he has been Head of Security for the Scientific Studies and Research Centre (SSRC), which is involved in the chemical weapons proliferation sector. As a result of his senior position as Head of Security for SSRC, he is associated with the designated entity SSRC.
Former Minister of Economy and Foreign Trade under the former al-Assad regime, in power after May 2011, then member of the board of Syriatel (until May 2019) which is designated by the Council. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the violent repression of the Syrian people.
21.10.2014
265.
Mohamad Amer MARDINI (a.k.a. Mohammad Amer Mardini, Mohamed Amer MARDINI, Mohamad Amer AL-MARDINI, Mohamed Amer AL-MARDINI, Mohammad Amer AL-MARDINI)
Date of birth: 1959;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Higher Education under former the al-Assad regime, in power after May 2011 (appointed 27.8.2014). As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
21.10.2014
266.
Mohamad Ghazi JALALI (a.k.a. Mohammad Ghazi al-Jalali)
Date of birth: 1969;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Communications and Technology under the former al-Assad regime, in power after May 2011 (appointed 27.8.2014). As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
21.10.2014
267.
Issam KHALIL
Date of birth: 1965;
Place of birth: Banias, Tartus Governorate, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Culture under the former al-Assad regime, in power after May 2011 (appointed 27.8.2014). As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
21.10.2014
268.
Ghassan Ahmed GHANNAM (a.k.a. Major General Ghassan Ghannan, Brigadier General Ghassan Ahmad Ghanem)
Date of birth: 2.2.1957;
Rank: Major General;
Position: Commander of the 155th Missile Brigade;
Gender: male
Member of the Syrian Armed Forces of the rank of Colonel and the equivalent or higher under the former al-Assad regime in post after May 2011. Major General and Commander of the 155th Missile Brigade. Associated with Maher al-Assad through his role in the 155th Missile Brigade. As Commander of the 155th Missile Brigade, he is supporting the former al-Assad regime and he is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population. Responsible for firing scud missiles at various civilian sites between January and March 2013.
21.10.2014
269.
Abdelhamid Khamis ABDULLAH (a.k.a. Abdulhamid Khamis Abdullah; Hamid Khamis; Abdelhamid Khamis Ahmad Adballa)
Gender: male
Chairman of Overseas Petroleum Trading Company (OPT) which has been listed by the Council for benefiting from and supporting the former al-Assad regime. He coordinated shipments of oil to the former al-Assad regime with listed Syrian state oil company Sytrol. Therefore, he is benefitting from and providing support to the former al-Assad regime.
In view of his position as the most senior person in the entity, he is responsible for its activities.
Position: Co-owner of Zubaidi and Qalei LLC; Director of Agar Investment Company; General Manager of Al Zubaidi company and Al Zubaidi & Al Taweet Contracting Company; Director and Owner of Zubaidi Development Company; co-owner of Enjaz Investment Company;
Date of birth: 10.4.1976;
Gender: male
Leading businessperson operating in Syria under the former al-Assad regime, with significant investments in the construction industry, including a 50 % stake in Zubaidi and Qalei LLC, which is constructing the luxury tourist city Grand Town and to which the former al-Assad regime has granted a 45-year agreement in return for 19-21 % of its revenue. Khaled al-Zubaidi benefits from and/or supports the former al-Assad regime through his business activities, in particular through this stake in the Grand Town development.
Khaled al-Zubaidi signed a (350 000 USD worth) sponsorship with a Syrian football club “Wihda FC” through one of his companies “Hijaz Company”. Member of the Federation of Syrian Chambers of Tourism since 2019. President of the Syrian-Algerian Business Council.
21.1.2019
275.
Major General Mohammad Khaled AL-RAHMOUN
Date of birth: 1.4.1957;
Place of birth: Idleb, Syria;
Gender: male
Minister of the Interior under the former al-Assad regime.
Appointed in November 2018.
As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
4.3.2019
276.
Mohammad Rami Radwan MARTINI
Date of birth: 31.8.1970;
Place of birth: Aleppo, Syria;
Gender: male
Minister of Tourism under the former al-Assad regime.
Appointed in November 2018.
As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
4.3.2019
277.
Imad Muwaffaq AL-AZAB (عماد موفق العزب)
Date of birth: 1970;
Place of birth: Damascus Countryside, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Education under the former al-Assad regime.
As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
4.3.2019
278.
Bassam Bashir IBRAHIM
Date of birth: 1960;
Place of birth: Hama, Syria;
Gender: male
Minister of Higher Education under the former al-Assad regime.
Appointed in November 2018.
As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
4.3.2019
279.
Suhail Mohammad ABDULLATIF
Date of birth: 1961;
Place of birth: Lattakia, Syria;
Gender: male
Minister of Public Works and Housing under the former al-Assad regime.
Appointed in November 2018.
As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
4.3.2019
280.
Iyad Mohammad AL-KHATIB
Date of birth: 1974;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Gender: male
Minister of Communications and Technology under the former al-Assad regime.
Appointed in November 2018.
As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
4.3.2019
282.
Anas TALAS (a.k.a.
; Anas Talous/Tals/Tuls/Tlass)
Date of birth: 25.3.1975;
Nationality: Syrian;
Position: Chairperson of the Talas Group;
Gender: male
Leading businessperson operating in Syria with interests and activities in multiple sectors of Syria’s economy. Through his business activities and investments, Anas Talas also benefits from and/or supports the former al-Assad regime. In 2018 the Talas Group, chaired by Anas Talas, entered into a SYP 23 billion joint venture with Damascus Cham Holding for the construction of Marota City, a luxury residential and commercial development backed by the former al-Assad regime.
21.1.2019
283.
Mohammed Nazer JAMAL EDDIN (a.k.a. Nazir Ahmad, Mohammed Jamal Eddine; Jamal Aldiyn) (محمد ناذر جمال الدين)
Date of birth: 2.1.1962;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Nationality: Syrian;
Passport number: N 011612445, issue no. 002-17-L022286 (place of issue: Syrian Arab Republic);
ID Number: 010-30208342 (place of issue: Syrian Arab Republic);
Position: Co-founder and majority shareholder of Apex Development and Projects LLC and founder of A’ayan Company for Projects and Equipment;
Gender: male
Leading businessperson operating in Syria linked to the former al-Assad regime with significant investments in the construction industry, including a controlling 90 % stake in Apex Development and Projects LLC, which has entered into a USD 34,8 million joint venture for the construction of Marota City, a luxury residential and commercial development backed by the former al-Assad regime. Through his participation in the Marota City development, Mohammed Nazer Jamal Eddin benefits from and/or supports the former al-Assad regime. In May 2019, Jamal Eddin created “Trillium Private JSC”, a 15 million SYP company involved in the trade of building materials and electrical products.
21.1.2019
284.
Mazin AL-TARAZI (a.k.a.
; Mazen al-Tarazi) (مازن الترزي)
Date of birth: 1.9.1962;
Nationality: Syrian;
Position: Businessperson;
Gender: male
Leading businessperson operating in Syria linked to the former al-Assad regime, with significant investments in the construction and aviation sectors. Through his investments and activities, Mazin al-Tarazi benefits from and/or supports the former al-Assad regime. In particular, Mazin al-Tarazi has concluded a deal with Damascus Cham Holding for a USD 320 million investment in the construction of Marota City, a luxury residential and commercial development backed by the former al-Assad regime. He has also been granted a licence for a private airline in Syria. In September 2019, he created “al-Dana Group Investments LLC”, a 25 million SYP company involved in export-import and investing in tourism facilities and commercial complexes. Mazin al-Tarazi is a member of the Syrian-Iranian Business Council (SIBC) and served as an intermediary for the Iranian regime to purchase real estate in Syria.
Turkish Passport number: U 09471711 (place of issue Turkey; expiry date 21.7.2024);
Syrian national number: 06010274705;
Address: Platinum Tower, office No 2405, Jumeirah Lake Towers, Dubai, UAE;
Gender: male
Leading businessperson operating in Syria linked to the former al-Assad regime, with interests and activities in multiple sectors of Syria’s economy. Samer Foz provides financial and other support to the former al-Assad regime, including funding the Military Security Shield Forces in Syria and brokering grain deals. He also benefits financially from access to commercial opportunities through the wheat trade and reconstruction projects as a result of his links to the former regime.
Samer Foz opened a sugar refining factory (“Samer Foz Factory”) in 2021 in support of the former al-Assad regime’s objective to increase sugar production across the country.
21.1.2019
287.
Hussam AL QATARJI (a.k.a. Hussam/Hossam Ahmed/Mohammed/Muhammad al-Katerji) (حسام القطرجي)
Date of birth: 1.1.1982;
Place of birth: Raqqa, Syria;
Nationality: Syrian;
Position: CEO of Katerji Group (a.k.a. Al Qatarji, Al Qatarji Company/Qatirji Company/ Khatirji Group/Katerji International Group);
Gender: male
Leading businessperson operating in Syria linked to the former al-Assad regime, who is also a Member of the Syrian Parliament. Al Qatarji supports and benefits from the former al-Assad regime through enabling, and profiting from, trade deals with the former al-Assad regime in relation to oil and wheat.
Hussam Al Qatarji, with his family, has secured a license to create a new bank, the National Islamic Bank. They have also acquired a new cement plant from the government, through one of their companies, Nabd Contracting and Construction. They also expanded in the tourism sector creating Arman Hotel and Tourist Management LLC. They also entered into a joint venture with the ministry of tourism “Bere Aleppo Private JSC”. Hussam Al Qatarji and his family also run a militia in Aleppo. In October 2021, Qaterji’s BS Company for Oil Services signed a deal with the former al-Assad regime to supply gas stations with fuel in former al-Assad’s regime held areas.
21.1.2019
288.
Yasser Aziz ABBAS (a.k.a. Yasser, Yaser, Yasr; Aziz, Aziz; Abbas, Abas; ياسرعزيزعباس)
Date of birth: 22.8.1978;
Nationality: Syrian;
Relatives/business associates/entities or partners/links: Bajaa Trading Services LLC; Qudrah Trading; Tafawoq Tourism Projects Company; Top Business Yang King; Al-Aziz Group;
Gender: male
Leading businessperson operating in Syria linked to the former al-Assad regime. Supports and/or benefits from the former al-Assad regime through business dealings, including fuel smuggling and weapons transfers. Yasser Aziz Abbas profits from facilitating oil imports on behalf of the former al-Assad regime and uses his relations with the former al-Assad regime to obtain preferential dealings and treatment.
Position: President of Damascus Countryside (Rural) Province Chamber of Commerce;
Relatives/business associates/entities or partners/links: Larosa Furniture/Furnishing; Jasmine Fields Company Ltd.; Muruj Cham (Murooj al-Cham) Investment and Tourism Group; Adam and Investment LLC; Universal Market Company LLC; Treasurer of the Federation of Syrian Chambers of Commerce;
Gender: male
Leading businessperson operating in Syria benefitting from and supporting the former al-Assad regime. Owner of multiple businesses and holding companies with interests and activities in various economic sectors such as real estate, the luxury hotel industry and commercial centres. Waseem al-Kattan rose rapidly as a leading businessperson by imposing taxes on goods smuggled into Eastern Ghouta under siege, and is now involved in aggressive forms of clientelism to the benefit of the former al-Assad regime. Waseem al-Kattan benefits financially from favoured access to public tenders as well as to licences and contracts awarded by government agencies as a result of his close ties to the former al-Assad regime.
In 2020, al-Kattan was elected member of the Damascus Chamber of Commerce. In November 2021, al-Kattan was appointed secretary of the Federation of Syrian chambers of commerce by the Syrian Government, despite having lost elections. In 2022, al-Kattan was appointed Chairman of the Syrian-Omani Business Council.
17.2.2020
291.
Amer FOZ (a.k.a. Amer Zuhair Fawz) (عامر فوز)
Date of birth: 11.3.1976;
Place of birth: Homs, Syria;
Nationality: Syrian; Saint Kitts and Nevis;
National no: 06010274747;
Passport no: 002-14-L169340
UAE resident card: 784-1976-7135283-5
Position: Founder of District 6 Company; Founding partner of Easy life Company;
Relatives/business associates/entities or partners/links: Samer Foz; Vice Chairman of Asas Steel Company; Aman Holding;
Gender: male
Leading businessperson linked to the former al-Assad regime with personal and family business interests and activities in multiple sectors of the Syrian economy. He benefits financially from access to commercial opportunities and supports the former al-Assad regime.
He is also associated with his brother Samer Foz, who has been designated by the Council since January 2019 as a leading businessperson operating in Syria and for supporting or benefiting from the al-Assad regime. Together with his brother, he is engaged in various activities with ISIL (Da’esh) on behalf of the former al-Assad regime, including the provision of weapons and ammunitions in exchange for wheat and oil.
Relatives/business associates/entities or partners/links: Damas Real Estate Development and Investment LLC;
Date of birth: 4.12.1947;
Gender: male
Head of the local branch of the National Defence Force in Homs under the former al-Assad regime (a regime militia – Shabiha). Responsible for its participation in the brutal repression of the civilian population in Syria. Through his militia, Saqr Rustom is responsible for multiple war profiteering schemes and is therefore benefitting from and supporting the former al-Assad regime. Associated with designated person Bassam Hassan, his uncle, with whom he established the Damas Real Estate Development and Investment LLC in order to invest in real estate projects.
17.2.2020
294.
Khodr Ali TAHER (a.k.a. خضر علي طاهر)
Date of birth: 15.5.1976;
Nationality: Syrian;
Position: Director and owner of Ella Media Services; founding partner of Castle Security and Protection and of Jasmine Contracting Company; Chairperson and founding partner of the Syrian Hotel Management Company; Manager and owner of Ematel;
Relatives/business associates/entities or partners/links: Citadel for Protection; Guard and Security Services (Castle Security and protection); Ematel LLC (Ematel Communications); Syrian Hotel Management Company; Jasmine Contracting Company;
Gender: male
Leading businessperson linked to the former al-Assad regime operating across multiple sectors of the Syrian economy, including private security, mobile phone retail, hotel management, advertising services, domestic money transfer, alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages.
Supports and benefits from the former al-Assad regime through cooperation in his business activities and his involvement in smuggling and profiteering activities. Khodr Ali Taher owns a number of companies and has co-founded others. His involvement in business dealings with the former al-Assad regime includes entering into a joint venture with the Syrian Transport and Tourism Company, of which the Ministry of Tourism owns a two-thirds stake.
Position: Chairman of Damascus Cham Holding Company (DCHC); Governor of Damascus;
Gender: male
Leading businessperson benefitting from and supporting the former al-Assad regime. Chairperson of Damascus Cham Holding Company (DCHC), the investment arm of the Governorate of Damascus managing the properties of the Governorate of Damascus and implementing the Marota City project.
Adel Anwar al-Olabi is also the Governor of Damascus, appointed by former President Bashar al-Assad in November 2018. As Governor of Damascus and Chair of DCHC, he is responsible for efforts to implement former al-Assad’s regime policies of developing expropriated land in Damascus (including Decree No 66 and Law No 10), most notably through the Marota City project.
17.2.2020
296.
Talal AL-BARAZI (a.k.a. Barazi) (طلال البرازي)
Date of birth: 1963;
Place of birth: Hama city, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Internal Trade and Consumer Protection under the former al-Assad regime.
As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
Minister of Foreign Affairs under the former al-Assad regime. Appointed in November 2020.
As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression against the civilian population.
15.1.2021
312.
Amr SALEM (عمرو سالم)
Date of birth: January 1958;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Internal Trade and Consumer Protection under the former al-Assad regime.
As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
15.11.2021
313.
Boutros AL-HALLAQ (بطرس الحلاق)
Place of birth: Damascus countryside, Syria;
Gender: male
Minister of information under the former al-Assad regime. Appointed in August 2021.
As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
15.11.2021
314.
Mohammad SEIFEDDINE (a.k.a. Seif Eddin, Seif El Din) (محمد سيف الدين)
Gender: male
Minister of Labour and social affairs under the former al-Assad regime. Appointed in August 2021.
As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
15.11.2021
315.
Diala BARAKAT (ديالا بركات)
Date of birth: 1980;
Gender: female
Minister of State under the former al-Assad regime. Appointed in August 2021.
As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
15.11.2021
316.
Andrey Nikolaevich TROSHEV (a.k.a. Andrei Mykolayvych TROSHEV) Андрей Николаевич ТРОШЕВ
Position(s): Retired colonel, Founding member and Executive Director (Chief of Staff) of the Wagner Group;
Rank: Retired Colonel;
Call sign: Siedoy;
Date of birth: 5.4.1953;
Place of birth: Leningrad, former USSR (now Russian Federation);
Nationality: Russian;
Relatives/Associates: Dimitriy Utkin (Wagner Group Founder); Andrey Bogatov (Head of the 4th Attack and Reconnaissance Company of the Wagner Group), Aleksandr Sergeevich Kuznetsov (Commander of the 1st Attack and Reconnaissance Company of the Wagner Group);
Gender: male
Executive Director (Chief of Staff) of the Wagner Group, which operates in Syria and trains and directs Syrian forces. The Wagner Group also supports the former al-Assad regime and fights alongside al-Assad-regime-affiliated militias and the Syrian army during the former al-Assad regime.
Andrey Troshev is directly involved in the military operations of the Wagner Group in Syria. He was particularly involved in the area of Deir ez-Zor. As such, he provides a crucial contribution to Bashar al-Assad’s war effort and therefore supports and benefits from the former al-Assad regime.
13.12.2021
317.
Andrey Mikhailovich BOGATOV (a.k.a. Andrei Mychailovych BOGATOV) Андрей Михайлович БОГАТОВ
Position(s): Head of the 4th Attack and Reconnaissance Company of the Wagner Group;
Call sign: Brodiaga;
Wagner group ID: M-1601;
Date of birth: 14.6.1964;
Place of birth: Stary Oskol, Belgorod region, former USSR (now Russian Federation);
Nationality: Russian;
Relatives/Associates: Dimitriy Utkin (Wagner Group Founder); Andrey Nikolaevich Troshev (Founding member and Executive Director (Chief of Staff) of the Wagner Group), Aleksandr Sergeevich Kuznetsov (Commander of the 1st Attack and Reconnaissance Company of the Wagner Group);
Gender: male
Head of the 4th Attack and Reconnaissance Company of the Wagner Group, which operates in Syria and trains and directs Syrian forces. The Wagner Group also supports the former al-Assad regime and fights alongside regime-affiliated militias and the Syrian army during the former al-Assad regime.
Andrey Bogatov commands the operations of the Wagner Group and is directly involved in the military operations of the Wagner Group in Syria. He was particularly involved in the battle of Palmyra. As such, he provides a crucial contribution to Bashar al-Assad’s war effort and therefore supports and benefits from the former al-Assad regime.
13.12.2021
323.
Saleh AL-ABDULLAH (
)
DOB: 1967
POB: Safita, Tartus, Syria
Position: Brigadier General
Gender: male
Saleh al-Abdullah is the commander of the 16th Brigade affiliated with the command of Russian forces in Syria since 2020. He was previously the deputy of Brigadier General Suhail al-Hassan, in the 25th Division of the Syrian Army during the former al-Assad regime. He is involved in the recruitment of members of the 16th Brigade to fight in Ukraine alongside Russia.
In this capacity, Saleh al-Abdullah is a member of the Syrian Armed Forces under the former al-Assad regime of the rank of “colonel” and the equivalent or higher in post after May 2011.
21.7.2022
324.
Ahmed KHALIL KHALIL (a.k.a. Ahmed KHALIL, Ahmad Khalil Khalil) (احمد خليل خليل)
Date of birth: 1969;
Place of birth: Qayrun;
Gender: male
Ahmed Khalil Khalil is the co-owner of Sanad Protection and Security Services, a Syrian private security company established in 2017 and supervised by the Wagner Group in Syria, active in the protection of Russian interests (phosphates, gas and securing oil sites) in Syria. The exploitation of natural resources provides revenues to the former al-Assad regime. In addition, the company is active in the recruitment of Syrian mercenaries to Libya and Ukraine.
As such, Ahmed Khalil Khalil supports the former al-Assad regime and benefits from it.
Nasser Deeb Deeb is the co-owner of Sanad Protection and Security Services, a Syrian private security company established in 2017 and supervised by the Wagner Group, active in the protection of Russian interests (phosphates, gas and securing oil sites) in Syria. The exploitation of natural resources provides revenues to the former al-Assad regime. In addition, he is also co-owner of the company Ella Services together with Khodr Ali Taher.
In this capacity, Nasser Deeb Deeb supports the former al-Assad regime and benefits from it.
21.7.2022
326.
Issam SHAMMOUT (a.k.a. Mohammed Issam Shammout, Mohamed Essam Shammout, Muhammad Issam Shammout, Muhammad Essam Shammout) (محمد عصام شموط)
Date of birth: 26.8.1971
Place of birth: 232, Tanzeem Kafarsus, Damascus, Syria
Gender: male
Issam Shammout is the owner and chairman of the board of directors of the airline “Cham Wings” and head of the Shammout Group, active in the automotive, steel, aviation, freight forwarding, construction, and real estate sectors. Cham Wings transported weapons for the former al-Assad regime.
In this capacity, Issam Shammout is a leading businessperson operating in Syria linked to the former al-Assad regime.
21.7.2022
327.
Wasim Badia AL-ASSAD وسيم بديع الأسد
Date of birth: 18.7.1980;
Place of birth: Qardaha/Syria;
Nationality: Syrian;
Gender: male
Wasim Badia al-Assad is Bashar al-Assad’s cousin; he is therefore a member of the Assad family.
Wasim Badia al-Assad is also involved in the production and trafficking of Captagon. In particular, he has been involved in the production of Captagon and is responsible for drug shipments. The Captagon trade has become a business model led by the former al-Assad regime, enriching the inner circle of the former al-Assad regime and forming its lifeline. He therefore benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime.
24.4.2023
328.
Samer Kamal AL-ASSAD a.k.a. “Samir” سامر كمال الأسد
Date of birth: 19.5.1973;
Place of birth: Qardaha, Syria;
Nationality: Syrian;
Gender: male
Samer Kamal al-Assad is a member of the Assad family.
He operates in the context of the narcotics trade, in particular in its production. The Captagon trade has become a business model led by the former al-Assad regime, enriching the inner circle of the former al-Assad regime and forming its lifeline. He therefore benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime.
24.4.2023
330.
Mohammad SHALISH محمد شاليش
Nationality: Syrian;
Gender: male
Mohammad Shalish has close ties to the former al-Assad regime.
He is linked to drug operations and more specifically to the Captagon trade in the Lattakia region. The Captagon trade has become a business model led by the former al-Assad regime, enriching the inner circle of the former al-Assad regime and forming its lifeline. He therefore benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime.
24.4.2023
331.
Waseem Omar AL-MASALMA وسيم عمر المسالمة
Date of birth: 27.8.1981;
Place of birth: Bosra Al-Sham/Syria;
Nationality: Syrian;
Gender: male
Waseem Omar al-Masalma is a leader of a regime-affiliated militia.
Waseem Omar al-Masalma is involved in the former al-Assad’s regime-led trade in Captagon in Southern Syria, especially in Deraa. The Captagon trade has become a business model led by the former al-Assad regime, enriching the inner circle of the former al-Assad regime and forming its lifeline. He therefore benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime.
24.4.2023
332.
Amer Tayseer KHITI عامرتيسير خيتي
Date of birth: 31.7.1980;
Place of birth: Duma/Rif Dimashq Governorate/Syria;
Nationality: Syrian;
Gender: male
Amer Tayseer Khiti is a leading businessperson operating in Syria with interests in real estate, construction and industry. He has close ties to the Assad family. He is a supporter of former President al-Assad and organised rallies for him.
Amer Tayseer Khiti is also involved in Captagon smuggling operations and bought up real estate in order to invest in packaging facilities used for drug smuggling. The Captagon trade has become a business model led by the former al-Assad regime, enriching the inner circle of the former al-Assad regime and forming its lifeline. He therefore benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime.
24.4.2023
333.
Abdellatif HAMID a.k.a. “Hamida” عبد اللطيف حميدة
Date of birth: 1.12.1977;
Place of birth: Aleppo, Syria;
Nationality: Syrian;
Gender: male
Abdellatif Hamid has close ties to the Assad family.
Abdellatif Hamid owns a factory in Aleppo that has been implicated in Captagon production and trafficking. The Captagon trade has become a business model led by the former al-Assad regime, enriching the inner circle of the former al-Assad regime and forming its lifeline. He therefore benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime.
24.4.2023
334.
Nouh ZAITER Noah ZAITER Noah ZAYTAR نوح زعيتر
Date of birth: 1977;
Place of birth: Zahle, Lebanon;
Nationality: Lebanese;
Gender: male
Nouh Zaiter is associated with members of the Assad family.
He is involved in the trafficking of Captagon in Lebanon and Syria. The Captagon trade has become a business model led by the former al-Assad regime, enriching the inner circle of the former al-Assad regime and forming its lifeline. He therefore benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime.
24.4.2023
335.
Taher AL-KAYALI طاهر الكيالي
Date of birth: 11.7.1960;
Nationality: Syrian;
Gender: male
Taher al-Kayali is a Syrian businessperson who owns several companies including Neptunus LLC.
Through his companies, he is involved in the production and trafficking of Captagon, especially in terms of transportation from the port of Latakia. The Captagon trade has become a business model led by the former al-Assad regime, enriching the inner circle of the former al-Assad regime and forming its lifeline. He therefore benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime.
24.4.2023
336.
Imad Abu ZUREIQ Emad Abu ZURAIQ Imad Abu ZREIK عماد أبو زريق
Date of birth: 9.2.1979;
Place of birth: Nasib, Daraa (Syria);
Nationality: Syrian;
Suspected location: Daraa, Syria;
Gender: male
Imad Abu Zureiq is a leading member of a former al-Assad-regime-affiliated militia in Southwest Syria that reports directly to the Syrian regime’s Military Security branch.
Currently his militia profits from the war economy, including the trafficking in Captagon. The Captagon trade has become a business model led by the former al-Assad regime, enriching the inner circle of the former al-Assad regime and forming its lifeline. He therefore benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime.
24.4.2023
338.
Hassan Muhammad DAQQOU حسن محمد دقو
Date of birth: 17.1.1978;
Place of birth: Tfail, Lebanon;
Nationality: Syrian/Lebanese;
Gender: male
Hassan Muhammad Daqqou has close ties with the Fourth Division of the Syrian Army during the former al-Assad regime. Daqqou has established a wide drug trafficking network in Lebanon and Syria and built Captagon manufacturing plants close to the Syrian-Lebanese border. The Captagon trade has become a business model led by the former al-Assad regime, enriching the inner circle of the former al-Assad regime and forming its lifeline. He therefore benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime.
24.4.2023
339.
Jihad BARAKAT جهاد بركات
Date of birth: 4.3.1964;
Place of birth: Qardahah/Syria;
Nationality: Syrian;
Gender: male
Jihad Barakat is, through marriage, associated with the Assad family.
He is also leader of a regime-affiliated militia and continues to hold different military and intelligence functions for the former al-Assad regime.
Raji Falhout leads an al-Assad-regime-affiliated militia that is associated with the Syrian Military Intelligence.
Raji Falhout is also involved in drug trafficking linked to Captagon. The Captagon trade has become a business model led by the former al-Assad regime, enriching the inner circle of the former al-Assad regime and forming its lifeline. He therefore benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime.
24.4.2023
341.
Muhammad ABDO ASSAAD a.k.a. Asa’ad محمد عبده أسعد
Date of birth: 19.7.1975;
Place of birth: Ain Tineh, Damascus Countryside, Syria;
Nationality: Syrian;
Address: Assaad Building, Main Street, Ain Tineh, Damascus Countryside;
Other identifying information: Father: Abdo Assaad;
Gender: male
Muhammad Abdo Assaad is the leader of the Hosn al-Watan militia, which fought on behalf of the former al-Assad regime.
Most recently, he has founded the Aman for Protection and Security LLC, which offers private security services and operates as a shell company for the Hosn al-Watan militia. He therefore benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime.
Samer al-Dibis is a leading businessperson operating in Syria linked to the former al-Assad regime, active in several sectors of the economy, especially in the chemical industry and in real estate. He is a member of the Board of Directors of the Syrian-Chinese Business Council and the chairman of the Damascus and Rural Damascus Chamber of Industry. He is also a member of Parliament and a close associate of Maher al-Assad. In these functions Samer al-Dibis benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime.
24.4.2023
343.
Ali Najib IBRAHIM علي نجيب إبراهيم (a.k.a. Ali Najeeb IBRAHIM)
Date of birth: 1991;
Position: businessperson;
Nationality: Syrian;
Address: Al-Malki, Damascus, Syria;
Gender: male
Ali Najib Ibrahim is a leading businessperson operating in Syria linked to the former al-Assad regime, active also in the telecommunications sector. He owns several shell companies, which have been linked to the former al-Assad regime in attempts to circumvent sanctions. He therefore benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime.
24.4.2023
344.
Jamal ISMAIL a.k.a. Ismael جمال إسماعيل
Nationality: Syrian;
Associated entities: Military Intelligence Directorate;
Gender: male
Jamal Ismail was the commander of Branch 227 of the Military Intelligence Directorate of the former al-Assad regime on 13 April 2013 when his unit killed at least 41 civilians in the town of Tadamon (“Tadamon massacre”). He is therefore responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population in Syria.
24.4.2023
345.
Jamal AL-KHATIB جمال الخطيب
Associated entities: Military Intelligence Directorate
Jamal al-Khatib was a commanding officer in Branch 227 of the Military Intelligence Directorate of the former al-Assad regime on 13 April 2013 when he participated in the killing of at least 41 civilians in the town of Tadamon (“Tadamon massacre”). He is therefore responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population in Syria.
Other identifying information: Father: Mohammad al-Maliki – محمد المالكي
Gender: male
Osama al-Maliki is majority owner of Al-Jabal Security and Protection LLC. Al-Jabal Security and Protection LLC acts as a shell company to allow for the continuation of activities of the Saraya al-Areen 313 militia, a former al-Assad-regime-affiliated militia. Osama al-Maliki therefore benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime.
Fadi Saqr is a leader of the “National Defense Forces” (NDF) militia in Damascus that has fought on behalf of the former al-Assad regime since at least 2012. Fadi Saqr therefore is a member of an al-Assad-regime-affiliated militia.
Fadi Saqr was part of the chain of command in the massacre of at least 41 civilians in the town of Tadamon on 13 April 2013 (“Tadamon massacre”) under the former al-Assad regime. He is therefore responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population in Syria.
24.4.2023
348.
Ahmad Ali TAHER احمد علي طاهر
Date of birth: 1.1.1982;
Nationality: Syrian;
Address: Damascus, Mazze, Western Villas, Saraya 36 Building, 3rd Floor;
Associated individuals: Brother: Khodr Taher;
Associated entities: Castle Security and Protection LLC;
Other identifying information: Father: Ali Taher;
Gender: male
Ahmad Ali Taher owns shares in Castle Security and Protection LLC, which operates as a shell company for the Fourth Division of the Syrian Arab Army, led by Maher al-Assad. He therefore benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime.
24.4.2023
349.
Amjad YOUSSEF a.k.a. Yusuf, Yousef أمجد يوسف
Nationality: Syrian;
Gender: male
Amjad Youssef is a Warrant Officer in the Syrian Military Intelligence Directorate under the former al-Assad regime.
He was a member of Branch 227 of the Military Intelligence Directorate of the former al-Assad regime on 13 April 2013, when he participated in the killing of at least 41 civilians in the town of Tadamon (“Tadamon massacre”). He is therefore responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population in Syria.
24.4.2023
350.
Osama RAMADAN a.k.a. Usama أسامة رمضان
Date of birth: 19.12.1973;
Nationality: Syrian;
Address: Damascus, Mazze, Western Villas, Saraya 36 Building, 3rd Floor;
Business Associate: Ahmad Ali Taher;
Associated entities: Castle Security and Protection LLC;
Other identifying information: Father: Hassan Ramadan;
Gender: male
Osama Ramadan owns shares in Castle Security and Protection LLC, which operates as a shell company for the Fourth Division of the Syrian Arab Army, led by the Maher al-Assad. He therefore benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime.
24.4.2023
351.
Ali Mhanna SULEIMAN علي مهنا سليمان
Date of birth: 2.3.1987;
Place of birth: Al-Raml, Kherbet Maaza, Tartus, Syria;
Nationality: Syrian;
Address: Tartus, Khirbit Maaza, 36th Estate, Ghaya Estate Area;
National ID Number: 10040018920;
Father’s Name: Mhanna;
Mother’s Name: Insaf;
Gender: male
Ali Suleiman was the leader of the Sahab Regiment of a Syrian Arab Army division known as “Tiger Forces”. He is a close associate of Suhayl Hassan. He has been involved in financing the former al-Assad regime, including through the smuggling of fuel. He also benefits from his association with the former al-Assad regime, such as from opportunities in real estate development. He therefore benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime.
24.4.2023
352.
Fereydoun Mohammadi SAGHAEI فریدون محمدﻯ سقایی
Date of birth: 1964;
Nationality: Iranian;
Gender: male
Fereydoun Mohammadi Saghaei is Deputy Commander of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) Aerospace Force. He is in charge of the IRGC’s air defence project in Syria. That project takes place within the context of Iran supporting the former al-Assad regime by sending military equipment and personnel to Syria. Therefore, Fereydoun Mohammadi Saghaei is supporting the former al-Assad regime.
20.7.2023
353.
Mahmoud al-Dj
Date of birth: 26.7.1983;
Place of birth: Tell Rifaat, Aleppo, Syria;
Nationality: Syrian/Libyan;
Gender: male
Mahmoud al-Dj is a leading businessperson operating in Syria under the former al-Assad regime, who owns several companies active in different sectors such as logistics and tourism. He facilitates illicit transactions between regime-affiliated persons and entities in Syria and Eastern Libya, including in relation to narcotics, and the shipments of arms and mercenaries. His position is enabled through his close ties with the former al-Assad regime, from which he and his businesses are benefitting. His activities, on the other hand, support the former al-Assad regime and enable it to access illicit revenues. He is therefore benefiting from, and providing support to, the former al-Assad regime.
22.1.2024
354.
Yasser Hussein Ibrahim a.k.a. Yassar Hussein Ibrahim يسار حسين إبراهيم
Date of birth: 9.4.1983;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Nationality: Syrian;
Gender: male
Yasser Ibrahim is an economic advisor to Bashar al-Assad and acts in the economic council run by Asma al-Assad. Together with Ali Najib Ibrahim he operates a number of shell companies, and acts as a front for business activities of Bashar al-Assad and Asma al-Assad. Therefore, Yasser Ibrahim is benefitting from and supporting the former al-Assad regime.
22.1.2024;
355.
Bilal al-Naal (a.k.a. al-Na’al)
Date of birth:14.4.1975;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Nationality: Syrian;
Gender: male
Bilal al-Naal is a founder and partner of multiple trading and investment companies in Syria.
He is a member of the Syrian-Russian Business Council making him instrumental in the economic ties between Russia and the former al-Assad regime. Al-Naal is also a member of the Syrian parliament and former member of the Damascus governorate council. Therefore, Bilal al-Naal is a leading business person in Syria, who is in this capacity supporting and benefiting from the former al-Assad regime. He is also associated with Fadi Saqr, Cham Holding and Bishr al-Sabban.
22.1.2024
356.
Fahad Darwish (a.k.a. Fahd/Fahed)
Date of birth:1955;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Nationality: Syrian/Iranian;
Gender: male
Fahd Darwish is President of the Joint Syrian-Iranian Chamber of Commerce. In addition, Darwish owns and runs multiple businesses in Syria active in different sectors such as trading and pharmaceuticals.
Therefore, Darwish is a leading businessperson operating in Syria, who is, in this capacity, supporting and benefitting from the former al-Assad regime.
22.1.2024
357.
Mohannad al-Dabbagh
Date of birth: 6.3.1967;
Nationality: Syrian/Iranian;
Gender: male
Mohannad al-Dabbagh is a cousin of Asma al-Assad. He co-owns Takamol LLC, a company responsible for managing the electronic “smart card program” used since 2014 to distribute subsidised food and other products in Syria under the umbrella of the Ministry of Domestic Trade and Consumer Protection. In particular, Takamol LLC earns a fee for every transaction operated through the smart card.
Mohannad al-Dabbagh is therefore benefitting from and supporting the former al-Assad regime.
22.1.2024
358.
Firas al-Akhras
Date of birth: 1.3.1978;
Place of birth: London, United Kingdom;
Nationality: Syrian;
Gender: male
Firas al-Akhras is the brother of Asma al-Assad. He is co-owner of the Takamol LLC company responsible for managing the electronic “smart card program” used since 2014 to distribute subsidised food and other products in Syria, under the umbrella of the Ministry of Domestic Trade and Consumer Protection. In particular, Takamol LLC earns a fee for every transaction operated through the smart card.
Firas al-Akhras is therefore benefitting from and supporting the former al-Assad regime.
22.1.2024
359.
Louai Emad El-Din al-MUNAJJID لؤي عماد الدين المنجد
Nationality: Syrian;
Gender: male
Minister of Internal Trade and Consumer Protection under the former al-Assad regime. Appointed in September 2024.
Former Minister of Social Affairs and Labor.
As a Government Minister, Louai Emad El-Din al-Munajjid shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
25.11.2024
360.
Firas Hassan QADDOUR فيراس حسان قدور
Date of birth: 1962;
Place of birth: Damascus;
Nationality: Syrian;
Gender: male
Minister of Petroleum and Mineral Resources under the former al-Assad regime. Appointed in March 2023 and re-appointed in September 2024.
As a Government Minister, Firas Hassan Qaddour shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
25.11.2024
361.
Ahmed Mohammad BUSTAJI أحمد بوسته جي
Place of birth: Idleb;
Nationality: Syrian;
Gender: male
Minister of State under the former al-Assad regime. Appointed in March 2023 and re-appointed in September 2024.
As a Government Minister, Ahmed Mohammad Bustaji shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
25.11.2024’;
(ii)
in Section ‘B. Entities’, the following 22 entries are deleted:
12.
Real Estate Bank;
18.
Syriatel;
19.
Cham Press TV;
20.
Al Watan;
27.
Syria Trading Oil Company (Sytrol);
28.
General Petroleum Corporation (GPC);
29.
Al Furat Petroleum Company;
34.
Syrian Lebanese Commercial Bank;
35.
Deir ez-Zur Petroleum Company;
36.
Ebla Petroleum Company;
37.
Dijla Petroleum Company;
39.
Syrian Petroleum Company;
40.
Mahrukat Company;
41.
General Organisation of Tobacco;
46.
General Organisation of Radio and TV;
47.
Syrian Company for Oil Transport;
49.
Cotton Marketing Organisation;
54.
Overseas Petroleum Trading;
56.
The Baniyas Refinery Company;
57.
The Homs Refinery Company;
63.
Pangates International Corp Ltd;
95.
Al-Aqila Company.
(iii)
in Section ‘B. Entities’, the following 50 entries are replaced by the following:
Held by Rami Makhlouf. Syria’s largest real estate company and the real estate and investment arm of Cham Holding; provides funding to the former al-Assad regime.
23.6.2011
2.
Al Mashreq Investment Fund (AMIF)
(a.k.a. Sunduq Al Mashrek Al Istithmari)
P.O. Box 108, Damascus, Syria;
Tel: +963 112110059 / 963 112110043;
Fax: +963 933333149
Held by Rami Makhlouf; provides funding to the former al-Assad regime.
23.6.2011
3.
Hamcho International
(a.k.a. Hamsho International Group)
Baghdad Street, P.O. Box 8254, Damascus, Syria;
Tel: +963 112316675;
Fax: +963 112318875;
Website: www.hamshointl.com;
E-mail: info@hamshointl.com and hamshogroup@yahoo.com
Hamcho International is a large Syrian holding company owned by Mohammed Hamcho.
Hamcho International benefits from and provides support to the former al-Assad regime and is associated with a person benefiting from and supporting the former al-Assad regime.
27.1.2015
4.
Military Housing Establishment
(a.k.a. MILIHOUSE)
Public works company controlled by Riyad Shalish and Ministry of Defence; provides funding to the former al-Assad regime.
23.6.2011
5.
Political Security Directorate
Syrian government agency directly involved in repression under the former al-Assad regime.
23.8.2011
6.
General Intelligence Directorate
Syrian government agency directly involved in repression under the former al-Assad regime.
23.8.2011
7.
Military Intelligence Directorate
Syrian government agency directly involved in repression under the former al-Assad regime.
23.8.2011
8.
Air Force Intelligence Agency
Syrian government agency directly involved in repression under the former al-Assad regime.
23.8.2011
9.
IRGC Qods Force
(a.k.a. Quds Force)
Teheran, Iran
The Qods (or Quds) Force is a specialist arm of the Iranian Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC). The Qods Force is involved in providing equipment and support to help the former al-Assad regime suppress protests in Syria. The Qods Force has provided technical assistance, equipment and support to the Syrian security services to repress civilian protest movements.
23.8.2011
10.
Mada Transport
Subsidiary of Cham Holding (Sehanya Dara’a Highway, P.O. Box 9525);
Tel: +963 11 99 62
Economic entity financing the former al-Assad regime.
2.9.2011
11.
Cham Investment Group
Subsidiary of Cham Holding (Sehanya Dara’a Highway, P.O. Box 9525);
Tel: +963 11 99 62
Economic entity financing the former al-Assad regime.
Controlled by Rami Makhlouf; second-largest holding company in Syria, benefiting from and supporting the former al-Assad regime.
23.9.2011
15.
El-Tel. Co. (El-Tel. Middle East Company)
(a.k.a. Abraj Tech)
Dair Ali Jordan Highway, P.O. Box 13052, Damascus, Syria;
Tel: +963 11 2212345;
Fax: +963 11 44694450;
Email: sales@eltelme.com;
Company owner: Maher Dsouki;
Websites: www.eltelme.com, www.abrajtec.com
Manufacturing and supplying communication and transmission towers and other equipment for the Syrian army under the former al-Assad regime.
23.9.2011
16.
Ramak Constructions Co.
Dara’a Highway, Damascus, Syria;
Tel: +963 11 6858111;
Mobile: +963 933 240231
Construction of military barracks, border post barracks and other buildings for army needs under the former al-Assad regime.
23.9.2011
21.
Centre d’études et de recherches syrien (CERS)
(a.k.a. Centre d’Etude et de Recherche Scientifique (CERS); Scientific Studies and Research Centre (SSRC); Centre de Recherche de Kaboun)
Barzeh Street, P.O. Box 4470, Damascus, Syria
Provides support to the Syrian army under the former al-Assad regime for the acquisition of equipment used for the surveillance and repression of demonstrators under the former al-Assad regime.
Operating in the chemical weapons proliferation sector, it is the government entity responsible for developing and producing non-conventional weapons, including chemical weapons, and the missiles to deliver them.
1.12.2011
42.
Ministry of Defence
Umayyad Square, Damascus, Syria
Tel: +963 11 7770700
Syrian government branch directly involved in repression under the former al-Assad regime.
Syrian government branch directly involved in repression under the former al-Assad regime.
26.6.2012
44.
Syrian National Security Bureau
Syrian government branch and element of the Syrian Ba’ath Party. Directly involved in repression under the former al-Assad regime. It directed Syrian security forces to use extreme force against demonstrators.
26.6.2012
48.
Drex Technologies S.A.
Incorporation date: 4.7.2000;
Incorporation number: 394678;
Director: Rami Makhlouf;
Registered agent: Mossack Fonseca & Co (BVI) Ltd
Drex Technologies is wholly owned by Rami Makhlouf, who is listed under Union sanctions for providing financial support to the former al-Assad regime. Rami Makhlouf uses Drex Technologies to facilitate and manage his international financial holdings, including a majority share in SyriaTel, which the Union has previously listed on the grounds that it also provides financial support to the former al-Assad regime.
24.7.2012
52.
Megatrade
Aleppo Street, P.O. Box 5966, Damascus, Syria;
Fax: +963 11 4471081
Acts as a proxy for the Scientific Studies and Research Centre (SSRC), which is listed. Involved in trade in dual use goods prohibited by Union sanctions for the former al-Assad government.
Acts as a proxy for the Scientific Studies and Research Centre (SSRC), which is listed. Involved in trade in dual use goods prohibited by Union sanctions for the former al-Assad government.
16.10.2012
58.
Army Supply Bureau
P.O. Box 3361, Damascus, Syria
Involved in the procurement of military equipment for the former al-Assad regime, and therefore responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population in Syria. Branch of the Syrian Ministry of Defence.
23.7.2014
59.
Industrial Establishment of Defence
(a.k.a. Industrial Establishment of Defense (IED); Industrial Establishment for Defence; Defence Factories Establishment; Establissements Industriels de la Defense (EID); Establissement Industrial de la Defence (ETINDE), Coefficient Defense Foundation)
Involved in the procurement of military equipment for the former al-Assad regime, and therefore responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population in Syria. Branch of the Syrian Ministry of Defence.
23.7.2014
60.
Higher Institute for Applied Sciences and Technology (HIAST) ()
(a.k.a. Institut Supérieur des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ISSAT))
P.O. Box 31983, Barzeh, Syria
Affiliated to and a subsidiary of the Syrian Scientific Studies and Research Centre (SSRC) which is already designated by the Council. It provides training and support to the SSRC and is therefore responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population under the former al-Assad regime.
23.7.2014
61.
National Standards & Calibration Laboratory (NSCL)
P.O. Box 4470, Damascus, Syria
Affiliated to and a subsidiary of the Syrian Scientific Studies and Research Centre (SSRC) which is already designated by the Council. It provides training and support to the SSRC and is therefore responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population under the former al-Assad regime.
23.7.2014
65.
Organisation for Technological Industries (OTI)
(a.k.a. Technical Industries Corporation (TIC))
P.O. Box 11037, Damascus, Syria
Subsidiary of the Syrian Ministry of Defence, which has been designated by the Council.
OTI is involved in the production of chemical weapons for the former al-Assad regime.
It is therefore responsible for the violent repression of the Syrian population.
As a subsidiary of the Ministry of Defence, it is also associated with a designated entity.
Hamsho group, Damascus countryside – northern road-ring, Hamsho for trading and constructions;
Email: info@hamsho-group.com;
Tel: 00963 (11) 3227530
Subsidiary of Hamsho International, which has been designated by the Council.
As such, Hamsho Trading is associated with a designated entity, Hamsho International.
Supports the former al-Assad regime through its subsidiaries, including Syria Steel. Through its subsidiaries it is associated with groups such as the former al-Assad-regime affiliated Shabiha militias.
A USD 48,3 million joint venture between Damascus Cham Holding, Ramak Development and Humanitarian Projects, Al-Ammar LLC, Timeet Trading LLC (a.k.a. Ultimate Trading Co. Ltd.) and Wings Private JSC. Rawafed supports and/or benefits from the former al-Assad regime, including through its participation in the luxury development Marota City.
21.1.2019
73.
Aman Damascus Joint Stock Company
(a.k.a. Aman Damascus JSC)
Damascus, Syria
A USD 18,9 million joint venture between Damascus Cham Holding and Aman Group. Through its participation in the former al-Assad regime-backed luxury development Marota City, Aman Damascus supports and/or benefits from the former al-Assad regime.
21.1.2019
74.
Bunyan Damascus Private Joint Stock Company
(a.k.a. Bunyan Damascus Private JSC)
Damascus, Syria
A USD 34,8 million joint venture between Damascus Cham Holding and Apex Development and Projects LLC and Tamayoz LLC. Through its participation in the former al-Assad regime-backed luxury development Marota City, Bunyan Damascus Private Joint Stock Company supports and/or benefits from the former al-Assad regime.
21.1.2019
75.
Mirza
Damascus, Syria
A USD 52,7 million joint venture between Damascus Cham Holding and Talas Group. Through its participation in the luxury development Marota City backed by the former al-Assad regime, Mirza supports and/or benefits from the former al-Assad regime.
21.1.2019
77.
Al Qatarji Company
(a.k.a. Qatarji International Group; Al-Sham and Al-Darwish Company; Qatirji/Khatirji/Katarji/Katerji Group)
(مجموعة/شركة قاطرجي)
Type of entity: private company;
Business sector: import/export; trucking; supply of oil and commodities;
Name of Director/Management: Hussam Al Qatarji, CEO (designated by the Council);
Ultimate beneficial owner: Hussam Al Qatarji (designated by the Council);
Registered address: Mazzah, Damascus, Syria;
Relatives/business associates/entities or partners/links: Arvada/Arfada Petroleum Company JSC
Prominent company operating across multiple sectors of the Syrian economy. By facilitating fuel, arms and ammunition trade between the former al-Assad regime and various actors including ISIL (Da’esh) under the pretext of importing and exporting food items, supporting militias fighting alongside the former al-Assad regime and taking advantage of its ties with the former al-Assad regime to expand its commercial activity, Al Qatarji Company – whose board is headed by designated person Hussam Al Qatarji, a member of the Syrian People’s Assembly – supports and benefits from the former al-Assad regime.
17.2.2020
78.
Damascus Cham Holding Company
(a.k.a. Damascus Cham Private Joint Stock Company
(القابضة الشام دمشق)
Type of entity: public-owned company under private law;
Business sector: real estate development;
Name of Director/Management: Adel Anwar al-Olabi, Chairman of the Board of Directors and Governor of Damascus (designated by the Council);
Ultimate beneficial owner: Governorate of Damascus;
Relatives/business associates/entities or partners/links: Rami Makhlouf (designated by the Council); Samer Foz (designated by the Council); Mazen Tarazi (designated by the Council); Talas Group, owned by businessman Anas Talas (designated by the Council); Khaled al-Zubaidi (designated by the Council).
Damascus Cham Holding Company was established by the former al-Assad regime as the investment arm of the Governorate of Damascus in order to manage the properties of the Governorate of Damascus and implement the Marota City project, a luxurious real estate project based on expropriated land under Decree No 66 and Law No 10 in particular.
By managing the implementation of Marota City, Damascus Cham Holding (whose Chairman is the Governor of Damascus) supports and benefits from the former al-Assad regime and provides benefits to businesspeople with close ties to the former al-Assad regime who have struck lucrative deals with this entity through public-private partnerships.
17.2.2020
79.
Velada LLC
OOO Велада
Address: Ochakovskoye Shosse, Dom 28, Building 2, Local 3, Room 8, Moscow, 119530, Russian Federation;
Date of creation: 29.6. 2015
Velada LLC is a private company that is involved in the oil and gas sector in Syria.
In December 2019, the Syrian parliament approved a contract granting Velada LLC the right to develop oil and gas in Syria, including in oilfields in the regime-controlled areas in Northeast Syria and a gas field north of Damascus. Thus, it benefits from or supports the former al-Assad regime.
13.12.2021
80.
Mercury LLC
OOO Меркурий
Address: Leninsky Prospekt, Dom 137, Building 1, Local 2, Room 5, Moscow, Russian Federation
Mercury LLC is a private company involved in the oil and gas sector in Syria.
In December 2019, the Syrian parliament approved a contract granting Mercury LLC the right to develop oil and gas in Syria, including in oilfields in the regime-controlled areas in Northeast Syria and a gas field in the north of Damascus. Thus, it benefits from or supports the former al-Assad regime.
Evro Polis LLC is a private company linked to the Wagner Group in Syria, involved in the mining, oil and gas sectors in Syria.
Evro Polis LLC is used as a front for the Wagner Group in Syria. It has signed a number of contracts with the former al-Assad regime, through the state-owned General Petroleum Corp., under which it receives 25 % of the proceeds from the production of oil and gas in fields captured by the Wagner Group. Thus, it benefits from or supports the former al-Assad regime.
13.12.2021
82.
Sanad Protection and Security Services
(شركة سند للحرسات والخدمات الأمنية)
Type of entity: Limited Liability Company
Date of creation: 22 October 2017
Headquarters: Damascus
Sanad Protection and Security Services is a Syrian private security company, established in 2017 and supervised by the Wagner Group in Syria, active in the protection of Russian interests (phosphates, gas and securing oil sites) in Syria. The exploitation of natural resources provides revenues to the former al-Assad regime. In addition, the company is active in the recruitment of Syrian mercenaries to Libya and Ukraine. As such, the company supports the former al-Assad regime and benefits from it.
21.7.2022
83.
Fourth Armoured Division of the Syrian Army
الفرقة الرابع
Place of registration: Damascus;
Principal place of business: Syrian regime territory in Syria;
The Fourth Armoured Division is one of the most prominent military units of the Syrian army during the former al-Assad regime led by Maher al-Assad and commanded by Ghassan Bilal.
The Fourth Armoured Division is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population.
The Fourth Armoured Division also profits form the war economy, especially the trafficking in Captagon. Captagon trade has become a business model led by the former al-Assad regime, enriching the inner circle of the former al-Assad regime and forming its lifeline. Therefore, the Fourth Armoured Division benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime.
24.4.2023
84.
Neptunus LLC/Neptune LLC company
شركة نبتونوس المحدودة المسؤولية
نبتونس أوفرسيز المحدودة
Place of registration: Lattakia, Syria;
Date of registration: 2017
Neptunus LLC is involved in drug operations in the port of Latakia. Neptunus LLC therefore benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime.
Neptunus LLC was co-founded by Taher Al-Kayali.
24.4.2023
85.
Areen foundation/مؤسسة العرين
Place of registration: Syria;
Date of registration: 1999;
Principal place of business: Syria;
Associated individuals: Asma al-Assad (wife of Bashar al-Assad and Director)
The al-Areen foundation poses as a charitable foundation, but is closely affiliated with former al-Assad regime-affiliated militias.
The al-Areen foundation is directed by the former President’s wife, Asma al-Assad.
The foundation is channelling aid in line with the policies and priorities of the former al-Assad regime, and therefore benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime.
24.4.2023
86.
Stroytransgaz/Стройтрансгаз
Other information:
Stroytransgaz Group,
Stroytransgaz (STG) Logistic,
Stroytransgaz (STG) Engineering,
STG Engineering
Stroytransgaz is a Russian engineering and construction company operating in Syria, which amongst other things assumed control of Syria’s largest phosphate mines.
Stroytransgaz therefore benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime.
24.4.2023
87.
Gecopham, the General Company for Phosphate and Mines
Gecopham is controlled by the Syrian Ministry of Petroleum and Mineral Resources and provides financial support to the former al-Assad regime. It therefore supports the former al-Assad regime.
24.4.2023
88.
Al-Jabal Security and Protection LLC
شركة الجبل لخدمات الحماية والحراسة
Address: F6XR+495, Malek Bin Rabeaa, Damascus, Syria;
Type of entity: Limited Liability Company;
Place of registration: Damascus;
Date of registration: 19.10.2017;
Principal place of business: Damascus, Syria;
Associated individuals: Osama Mohammad al-Maliki
Al-Jabal Security and Protection LLC is owned and managed by Osama al-Maliki.
Al-Jabal Security and Protection LLC acts as a shell company to allow for the continuation of activities of the Saraya al-Areen 313 militia, a regime-affiliated militia. Al-Jabal Security and Protection LLC therefore benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime.
24.4.2023
89.
Castle for Security and Protection LLC
شركة القلعة للحماية والحراسة والخدمات الأمني
a.k.a. Castle Security and Protection LLC, Citadel for Security and Protection
Address: Saraya Roundabout, Western Villas, Mazze, Damascus, Syria;
Type of entity: Limited Liability Company;
Place of registration: Damascus, Syria;
Date of registration: 18.10.2017;
Principal place of business: Damascus, Syria;
Other information: Sector: Militia turned Security Company;
Phone Number: +963116119331; +963943800808
Castle for Security and Protection LLC is a private company, which acts as a shell company for the Fourth Division of the Syrian Arab Army, which is led by Maher al-Assad.
Castle for Security is involved also in the trafficking of narcotics. The Captagon trade has become a business model led by the former al-Assad regime, enriching the inner circle of the former al-Assad regime and forming its lifeline. It therefore benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime.
24.4.2023
90.
Aman for Protection and Security LLC
شركة أمان للحماية والحراسة الأمنية
Address: Damascus Countryside;
Type of entity: Limited Liability Company;
Place of registration: Damascus Countryside;
Date of registration: 10.10.2018;
Registration number: 2906;
Principal place of business: Damascus Countryside, Syria;
Associated individuals: Muhammad Abdo Assad
Aman for Protection and Security LLC is a private security company, which acts as a shell company for the Hosn al-Watan milita, founded by Muhammad Abdo Assaad. It therefore benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime.
24.4.2023
91.
Al-Dj Group
(a.k.a. ALDJ)
Place of registration: Damascus, Syria;
Principal place of business: Syria
Al-Dj Group is a Syrian business entity, owned and managed by Mahmoud al-Dj. As a holding company it owns and operates the Freebird Travel Agency, an agent for Cham Wings Airlines, which is conducting frequent flights between Syria and Libya, smuggling mercenaries, and narcotics. Al-Dj Group is further associated with Al-Tair Company, which is also owned by Mahmoud al-Dj.
Through this scheme of business relations, in which Al-Dj Group plays a central role, cargo shipping and flights are used for illicit transactions between regime-affiliated persons and entities in Syria and Eastern Libya, including narcotics.
Al-Dj Group’s activities benefit the former al-Assad regime and support it in accessing illicit revenues.
22.1.2024
92.
Cham Wings
Place of registration: Damascus, Syria;
Principal place of business: Damascus, Syria
Cham Wings Airlines is a Syrian business entity which is owned by Muhammad Issam Shammout.
Also, Cham Wings uses its flights to engage in the transfer of Syrian mercenaries, arms trade, narcotics trafficking, and money laundering, which supports the activities of the former al-Assad regime. As the only private airline in Syria, Cham Wings is therefore benefiting from, and providing support to the former al-Assad regime.
22.1.2024
93.
Freebird Travel Agency
Place of registration: Syria, Dubai;
Principal place of business: Damascus, Syria
The Freebird Travel Agency is a Syrian business entity owned and operated by Al-Dj Group, which in turn is owned and managed by Mahmoud al-Dj.
Freebird serves as principal agent for Cham Wings Airlines, and thereby benefits from and provides support to the former al-Assad regime.
22.1.2024
94.
Iloma Investment Private JSC
(a.k.a. Eloma)
Place of registration: Damascus, Syria;
Date of registration: 2023;
Principal place of business: Damascus, Syria
Iloma Investment Private JSC has been established at the beginning of 2023 to take over almost half of the ownership of Damascus airport.
Iloma is a front for the Assad family and part of the former al-Assad regime’s efforts to personally gain from manipulation of the economy. Therefore, Iloma is supporting and benefiting from the former al-Assad regime.
In force
