(1)

Long-term finance is a crucial enabling tool for putting the European economy on a path of sustainable, smart and inclusive growth , in accordance with the Europe 2020 strategy, high employment and competitiveness for building tomorrow's economy in a way that is less prone to systemic risks and is more resilient. European long-term investment funds (ELTIFs) provide finance to various infrastructure projects, unlisted companies or listed small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) of lasting duration that issue equity or debt instruments for which there is no readily identifiable buyer. By providing finance to such projects, ELTIFs contribute to the financing of the Union's real economy and the implementation of its policies .

(2)

On the demand side, ELTIFs can provide a steady and safe income stream for pension administrators, insurance companies , foundations, municipalities and other entities that face regular and recurrent liabilities and are seeking long-term returns within well-regulated structures . While providing less liquidity than investments in transferable securities, ELTIFs can provide a steady and safe income stream for individual investors that rely on the regular cash flow that an ELTIF can produce. ELTIFs can also offer good opportunities for capital appreciation over time for those investors not receiving a steady income and safe stream. It should be possible to authorise an ELTIF to reduce its capital on a pro rata basis in the event that it has divested itself of one of its assets.

(3)

Financing for projects, regarding transport infrastructure, sustainable energy generation or distribution, social infrastructure (housing or hospitals), the roll-out of new technologies and systems that reduce use of resources and energy or the further growth of SMEs, can be scarce. As the financial crisis has shown, complementing bank financing with a wider variety of financing sources that better mobilise capital markets could help tackle financing gaps. ELTIFs can play a crucial role in this respect. For certain projects they could make use of resources such as innovative financial instruments to supplement public funding eroded by the sovereign debt crisis.

(4)

Given that investors may be interested in investing in an ELTIF, the fact that investors should be given the right incentives to invest in them and the fact that in particular retail investors may not have the necessary resources or a sufficiently diversified portfolio that would allow them to lock-up their capital for a long period of time, an ELTIF should be able to offer redemption rights to its investors. Therefore, the ELTIF manager should be given discretion to decide whether to establish ELTIFs with or without redemption rights according to the ELTIF’s investment strategy. When a redemption rights regime is in place, those rights and their main features should be clearly predefined and disclosed in the rules or instruments of incorporation of the ELTIF. In addition, the Commission's impact assessment found at national level cases of long-term funds that have been structured as listed entities. That allows investors to trade their shares or units in the fund on a secondary market. When the shares of the fund are listed on an exchange, investors are able to buy and sell shares of the fund directly on the exchange like any other listed security. The secondary market can also be operating when the shares or units of the fund are not listed. In that case the investors can exchange directly their holding with another investor. Intermediaries like banks or distributors can play a facilitating role in this secondary market. They can collect the buy and sell orders and can match those orders between their clients. If long-term investing is really supposed to become attractive for smaller-scale investors or the retail community at large, secondary markets will be the principal venue in which you can buy into or leave the long-term fund.  A report, three years after the adoption of this Regulation, will investigate whether this rule will have achieved the expected results in terms of ELTIF distribution.▌

(4a)

In order to make ELTIFs a feasible and attractive choice for professional investors such as institutions for occupational retirement provision, pension funds, and insurance companies, it is important that necessary adjustments are made to their regulatory own funds requirements, within the framework of Directive 2003/41/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council  (3) and of Directive 2009/138/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council  (4) in order to provide flexibility in the case of ELTIFs as regards the high capital requirements for investments in illiquid assets. Moreover, any additional national regulatory constraints should be thoroughly assessed, if necessary.

(5)

Long-term asset classes within the meaning of this Regulation should comprise equity or debt instruments issued by non-listed undertakings and listed SMEs where there is no readily identifiable buyer for those. They should also comprise equity or debt instruments issued by listed undertakings of maximum capitalisation of EUR 1 billion. This Regulation should also cover real assets that require significant up-front capital expenditure and that produce recurrent and foreseeable cash flow through their duration .

(6)

In the absence of a Regulation setting out rules on ELTIFs, diverging measures might be adopted at national level, which are likely to cause distortions of competition resulting from differences in investment protection measures. Diverging requirements on portfolio composition, diversification and eligible assets, in particular the investment in commodities, create obstacles to the cross-border marketing of funds that focus on non-listed undertakings and real assets because investors cannot easily compare the different investment propositions offered to them. Divergent national requirements also lead to different levels of investor protection. Furthermore, different national requirements pertaining to investment techniques, such as the permitted levels of borrowing, use of derivative financial instruments, rules applicable to short selling or securities financing transactions lead to discrepancies in the level of investor protection. In addition, different requirements on redemption and/or holding periods impede the cross-border selling of funds investing in non-listed assets. By increasing legal uncertainty, those divergences can undermine the confidence of investors when considering investments in such funds, and reduce the scope for investors to choose effectively between various long-term investment opportunities. Member States should therefore not be allowed to lay down additional requirements in the area covered by this Regulation and the appropriate legal basis for this Regulation should be Article 114 of the Treaty, as interpreted by consistent case law of the Court of Justice of the European Union.

(7)

Uniform rules across the Union are necessary to ensure that ELTIFs display a coherent and stable product profile across the Union. In order to ensure the smooth functioning of the internal market and a high level of investor protection, it is necessary to establish uniform rules regarding the operation of ELTIFs, in particular on the composition of the portfolio of ELTIFs and the investment instruments that they are allowed to use in order to gain exposure to long-term assets such as equity or debt instruments issued by listed SMEs, and by non-listed undertakings, as well as real assets. Uniform rules on the portfolio of an ELTIF are also required to ensure that ELTIFs that aim to generate regular income maintain a diversified portfolio of investment assets suitable to maintain the regular cash flow. Moreover, coordination among tax frameworks of Member States is necessary to ensure a level playing field in terms of investor attractiveness and convergence of national policies is required to establish similar conditions in terms of investment climate in order to address imbalances among Member States.

(8)

It is essential to ensure that the definition of the operation of ELTIFs, in particular on the composition of the portfolio of ELTIFs and the investment instruments that they are allowed to use be directly applicable to the managers of ELTIFs and therefore these new rules need to be adopted as a Regulation. This also ensures uniform conditions for the use of the designation ELTIF by preventing diverging national requirements. Managers of ELTIFs should follow the same rules across the Union, in order to also enhance the confidence of investors in ELTIFs and ensure sustainable trustworthiness of the designation. At the same time, by adopting uniform rules, the complexity of the regulatory requirements applicable to ELTIFs is reduced. By means of uniform rules, the managers' cost of compliance with divergent national rules governing funds that invest in listed SMEs and non-listed long-term assets and comparable real asset classes is also reduced. This is especially true for managers that wish to raise capital on a cross-border basis. It also contributes to eliminate competitive distortions.

(9)

The new rules on ELTIFs are closely linked to Directive 2011/61/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council (5) since that Directive forms the legal framework governing the management and marketing of alternative investment funds (AIFs) in the Union. By definition ELTIFs are EU AIFs that are managed by alternative investment fund managers (AIFMs) authorised in accordance with Directive 2011/61/EU.

(10)

Whereas Directive 2011/61/EU also provides for a staged third country regime governing non-EU AIFMs and non-EU AIFs, the new rules on ELTIFs have a more limited scope emphasising the European dimension of the new long term investment product. Hence, only an EU AIF as defined in Directive 2011/61/EU should be eligible to become an authorised ELTIF and only if it is managed by an EU AIFM that has been authorised in accordance with Directive 2011/61/EU. However, third-country investors should also be encouraged to invest in ELTIFs given the valuable capital that they can contribute towards projects in the Union.

(11)

The new rules applicable to ELTIFs should build on the existing regulatory framework established through Directive 2011/61/EU and the acts adopted for its implementation. Therefore, the product rules concerning ELTIFs should apply in addition to the rules laid down in the existing Union legislation. Particularly, the management and marketing rules laid down in Directive 2011/61/EU should apply to ELTIFs. Equally, the rules on the cross-border provision of services and freedom of establishment laid down in Directive 2011/61/EU should apply accordingly to the cross-border activities of ELTIFs. These should be supplemented by the specific marketing rules designed for the cross-border marketing of ELTIFs to both retail and professional investors across the Union.

(12)

Uniform rules should apply to all those EU AIFs that wish to market themselves as ELTIFs. EU AIFs that do not wish to market themselves as ELTIFs should not be bound by these rules, thereby also consenting not to benefit from the advantages that ensue. On the other hand, undertakings for collective investment in transferable securities (UCITS) and non-EU AIFs would not be eligible for marketing as ELTIFs.

(13)

In order to ensure the compliance of ELTIFs with the harmonised rules governing the activity of these funds, it is necessary to require that competent authorities authorise ELTIFs. The harmonised authorisation and supervision procedures for AIFMs under Directive 2011/61/EU should therefore be supplemented with a special authorisation procedure for ELTIFs. Procedures should be established to ensure that only EU AIFMs authorised in accordance with Directive 2011/61/EU and capable of managing an ELTIF may manage ELTIFs. All appropriate steps are taken to ensure that the ELTIF shall be able to comply with the harmonised rules governing the activity of these funds.

(14)

Given that EU AIFs may take different legal forms that do not necessarily endow them with legal personality, the provisions requiring ELTIFs to take action should be understood to refer to the manager of the ELTIF in cases where the ELTIF is constituted as an EU AIF that is not in a position to act by itself because it has no legal personality of its own.

(15)

In order to ensure that ELTIFs target long-term investments and contribute to finance a sustainable growth of the EU's economy, rules on the portfolio of ELTIFs should require a clear identification of the categories of assets that should be eligible for investment by ELTIFs and of the conditions under which they should be eligible. An ELTIF should invest at least 70 % of its capital in eligible investment assets and at least 60 % of its capital in securities issued by an eligible portfolio undertaking established in the Union . To ensure the integrity of ELTIFs it is also desirable to prohibit an ELTIF from engaging in certain financial transactions that might endanger its investment strategy and objectives by raising additional risks different to those that might be expected for a fund targeting long-term investments. In order to ensure a clear focus on long term investments, as may be useful for retail investors unfamiliar with less conventional investment strategies, an ELTIF should not be allowed to invest in financial derivative instruments other than for the purpose of hedging the risks inherent to its own investments . Given the liquid nature of commodities and financial derivative instruments that give an indirect exposure to them, investments in commodities do not require a long-term investor commitment and therefore should be excluded. This rationale does not apply to investments in infrastructure or companies related to commodities or whose performance is linked indirectly to the performance of commodities, such as farms in the case of agricultural commodities or power plants in the case of energy commodities.

(15a)

In order for ELTIF to contribute effectively to a sustainable, smart and inclusive growth in the Union, each ELTIF should take into account the social impact of eligible investments, taking into account its environmental, social and governance characteristics. In particular, the ELTIF manager should consider the inherent contribution of the selected asset to the objectives of the European model of growth, namely enhancing social infrastructures, sustainable mobility, renewable energy production and distribution, energy efficiency processes, as well as firms operating in sectors fostering environmental and social solutions, or having a high potential of innovation.

(16)

The definition of what constitutes a long-term investment is broad. Without necessarily requiring long-term holding periods for the ELTIF manager, eligible investment assets are generally illiquid, require commitments for a certain period of time, and have an economic profile of a long-term nature. Eligible investment assets are non-transferable securities and therefore do not have access to the liquidity of secondary markets. They often require fixed term commitments which restrict their marketability. However, as listed SMEs may face problems of liquidity and access to the secondary market, equity or debt instruments issued by listed SMEs should be included in the eligible investment assets of the ELTIF as they need to maintain a stable shareholding structure. Consequently, eligible investment assets may be transferable securities and therefore may have access to the liquidity of secondary markets . The economic cycle of the investment sought by ELTIFs is essentially of a long-term nature due to the high capital commitments and the length of time required to produce returns. As a result such assets do not suit investments with redemption rights , apart from specific cases and under certain conditions .

(17)

An ELTIF should be allowed to invest in assets other than eligible investment assets, as may be necessary to efficiently manage its cash flow, but only so long as this is consistent with the ELTIF’s long term investment strategy.

(18)

Eligible investment assets must be understood to include participations, such as equity or quasi-equity instruments, debt instruments in qualifying portfolio undertakings and loans provided to them. They should also include participation in other funds that are focused on assets such as investments in non-listed undertakings that issue equity or debt instruments for which there is not always a readily identifiable buyer. Direct holdings of real assets, unless they are securitised, should also form a class of eligible assets under strict conditions regarding their acquisition value and cash-flow profile .

(19)

Quasi-equity instruments must be understood to comprise a type of financing instrument, which is a combination of equity and debt, where the return on the instrument is linked to the profit or loss of the qualifying portfolio undertaking, and where the repayment of the instrument in the event of default is not fully secured. Such instruments include a variety of financing instruments such as subordinated loans, silent participations, participating loans, profit participating rights, convertible bonds and bonds with warrants.

(20)

To reflect existing business practices, an ELTIF should be allowed to buy existing shares of a qualifying portfolio undertaking from existing shareholders of that undertaking. Also, for the purposes of ensuring the widest possible opportunities for fundraising, investments into other ELTIFs should be permitted. To prevent dilution of the investments into qualifying portfolio undertakings, ELTIFs should only be permitted to invest in other ELTIFs, provided that those ELTIFs have not themselves invested more than 10 % of their capital in other ELTIFs.

(21)

The use of financial undertakings is necessary in order to effectively market ELTIFs to investors as well as pool and organise the contributions of different investors, including investments of a public nature, into infrastructure projects. ELTIFs should therefore be permitted to invest in eligible investment assets by means of financial undertakings, so long as these undertakings are dedicated to financing long-term projects and the growth of SMEs .

(22)

▌Qualifying portfolio undertakings should include infrastructure projects, investment in unlisted companies and listed SMEs seeking growth ▌that could be suitable for long term investment purposes.

(23)

Due to the scale of infrastructure projects, these require large amounts of capital that have to remain invested for long periods of time. Such infrastructure projects should include public building infrastructure such as schools, hospitals or prisons, social infrastructure such as social housing, transport infrastructure such as roads, mass transit systems or airports, energy infrastructure such as energy grids, climate adaptation and mitigation projects, power plants or pipelines, water management infrastructure such as water supply systems, sewage or irrigation systems, communication infrastructure such as networks and waste management infrastructure such as recycling or collection systems.

(24)

Unlisted undertakings can face difficulties accessing capital markets and financing further growth and expansion. Private financing through equity stakes or loans are typical ways of raising financing. Because such instruments are by their nature long-term investments they require patient capital that ELTIFs can provide. Moreover, listed SMEs, often face significant obstacles in acquiring long-term financing and ELTIFs may provide valuable alternative sources of funding.

(25)

Investments in infrastructure require patient capital due to the absence of liquid secondary markets. Investment funds represent an essential source of financing for assets that require large capital expenditure. For these assets, capital pooling is often necessary to achieve the desired level of funding. Such investments require long periods of time due to the generally long economic cycle attached to these assets. It generally takes several years to amortise the investment in large real assets. In order to facilitate the development of such large assets, ELTIFs should be able to invest directly in infrastructure with a value of more than EUR 10 million and which deliver foreseeable and recurrent cash-flows throughout their term . ▌For these reasons it is necessary to treat direct holdings in infrastructure in qualifying portfolio undertakings in like manner.

(26)

Where the manager holds a stake in a portfolio undertaking, there is a risk that the manager puts its interests ahead of the interests of investors in the fund. To avoid such conflict of interests, the ELTIF should only invest in assets that are unrelated to the manager to ensure sound corporate governance, unless they invest in units or shares or assets managed by the ELTIF manager that are eligible under this Regulation .

(27)

In order to allow managers of ELTIFs a certain degree of flexibility in the investment of their funds, trading in assets other than long-term investments should be permitted up to a maximum threshold of 30 % of their capital.

(28)

In order to limit risk-taking by ELTIFs it is essential to reduce counterparty risk by subjecting the portfolio of ELTIFs to clear diversification requirements. All over-the counter (OTC) derivatives should be subject to Regulation (EU) No 648/2012 of the European Parliament and of the Council […] (6).

(29)

In order to prevent the exercise of significant influence by an investing ELTIF over the management of another ELTIF or of an issuing body, it is necessary to avoid excessive concentration by an ELTIF in the same investment.

(30)

In order to allow ELTIF managers to raise further capital during the life of the fund, they should be permitted to borrow cash amounting to up to 40  % of the capital of the fund. This should serve to provide additional return to the investors. In order to eliminate the risk of currency mismatches, the ELTIF should only borrow in the currency the manager expects to acquire the asset in.

(31)

Due to the long-term and illiquid nature of the investments of an ELTIF, the managers should have sufficient time to apply the investment limits. The time required to implement these limits should take account of the peculiarities and characteristics of the investments but should not exceed five years.

(31a)

Under exceptional circumstances specified within the rules of incorporation, the lifecycle of ELTIF could be extended or reduced to allow for more flexibility, where, for instance, a project is completed later or earlier than expected, to put it in line with its long term investment strategy.

(31b)

The European Investment Bank (EIB), given its expertise in Union infrastructure financing, as well as other similar national institutions should actively cooperate with the ELTIF managers and the investors, particularly retail investors who may lack the relevant experience. Furthermore, the EIB's Project Bonds Initiative and other similar activities, such as the Connecting Europe Facility, should be directly linked to the ELTIF, with the EIB assuming risk and providing guarantees, to reduce risks inherent to this type of investments and encourage investors to trust the ELTIF as a safe investment vehicle.

(32)

▌Nothing should prevent an ELTIF from seeking admission of these shares or units to a regulated market as defined in Article 4(21) of Directive 2014/…/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council  (7) [new MIFID] , to a multilateral trading facility as defined in Article 4(22) of Directive 2014/…/EU [new MIFID], or to an organised trading facility as defined in ,Article 4(23) of Directive 2014/…/EU [new MIFID], thus providing investors with an opportunity to sell their units or shares before the end of life of the ELTIF. The rules or instruments of incorporation of an ELTIF should therefore not prevent units or shares from being admitted to or from being dealt in regulated markets, nor should they prevent investors from freely transferring their shares or units to third parties who wish to purchase those shares or units. However, according to experiences in national markets to date, trading in secondary markets may work in some markets but in others this option may entail high premiums or important discounts on the units or shares of ELTIFs that are admitted to or dealt on regulated markets, which would prevent, in practice, investors from using this alternative. Therefore, that option may not be sufficient to substitute for the option of more regular redemptions.

(33)

In order for investors to effectively redeem their units or shares at the end of the fund's life, the manager should start to sell the portfolio of assets of the ELTIF in good time to ensure the value is properly realised. In determining an orderly disinvestment schedule, the ELTIF manager should take into account the different maturity profiles of the investments and the length of time necessary to find a buyer for the assets in which the ELTIF is invested. Due to the impracticality of maintaining the investment limits during this liquidation period, they should cease to apply when the liquidation period starts.

(34)

The assets in which an ELTIF is invested may obtain a listing on a regulated market during the life of the fund. Where this happens, the asset would no longer comply with the non-listing requirement of this Regulation. In order to allow managers to disinvest from such an asset in an orderly manner, this asset could continue to count towards the 70 % limit of eligible investment assets for up to three years.

(35)

Given the specific characteristics of ELTIFs, as well as the targeted retail and professional investors it is important that solid transparency requirements be put in place that are capable of allowing prospective investors to make an informed judgement and be fully aware of the risks implied. In addition to the transparency requirements contained in Directive 2011/61/EU, ELTIFs should publish a prospectus the content of which should necessarily include all information required to be disclosed by collective investment undertakings of the closed-end type in accordance with Directive 2003/71/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council (8) and Commission Regulation (EC) No 809/2004 (9). For the marketing of an ELTIF to retail investors it should be mandatory to publish a key information document (KID) in accordance with Regulation (EU) No …/… of the European Parliament and the Council (10) [PRIPS]. Furthermore, any marketing documents should explicitly draw attention to the risk profile of the ELTIF and mention any participation in instruments involving Union budgetary funds .

(36)

As ELTIFs target both professional and retail investors across the Union, it is necessary that certain requirements be added to the marketing requirements laid down in Directive 2011/61/EU in order to ensure an appropriate degree of investor protection , particularly for retail investors . Thus, facilities should be made available for making subscriptions, making payments to unit- or shareholders, repurchasing or redeeming units or shares and making available the information which the ELTIF and its managers are required to provide. Moreover, in order to ensure that retail investors are not disadvantaged with respect to experienced professional investors certain safeguards have to be put in place when ELTIFs are marketed to retail investors.

(37)

The competent authority of the ELTIF should verify whether an ELTIF is able to comply with this Regulation on an on-going basis. As the competent authorities are already provided with extensive powers under Directive 2011/61/EU, it is necessary that such powers be extended in order to be exercised by reference to the new common rules on ELTIFs.

(38)

ESMA should be able to exercise all the powers conferred under Directive 2011/61/EU with respect to this Regulation and should be provided with all resources necessary for this purpose, in particular human resources .

(39)

The European Supervisory Authority (European Securities and Markets Authority) (ESMA), established by Regulation (EU) No 1095/2010 of the European Parliament and of the Council (11), should play a central role in the application of the rules concerning ELTIFs by ensuring consistent application of Union rules by national competent authorities. As a body with highly specialised expertise regarding securities and securities markets, it is efficient and appropriate to entrust ESMA with the elaboration of draft regulatory technical standards which do not involve policy choices, for submission to the Commission, in respect of the circumstances in which the life of an ELTIF will be sufficient in length to cover the life-cycle of each of the individual assets of the ELTIF, the features of the schedule for the orderly disposal of ELTIF assets, the definitions, calculation methodologies and presentation of cost disclosures, and the characteristics of the facilities to be set up by ELTIFs in each Member State where they intend to market units or shares.

(39a)

The provision of tax incentives, at national level, relating to long-term investments via ELTIFs can play an important role in directing the currently available resources to the financing of long-term projects in the Union, particularly focusing on projects which are beneficial to society and to the environment. For that reason, it could be assessed whether project bonds should also be considered to be eligible assets, with the aim of ensuring economies of scale and encouraging synergies between Union investment tools. Member States that are facing the consequences of fiscal adjustment are encouraged to provide state guarantees and favourable tax treatments such as tax deductions for investors who participate in ELTIFs. Member States should take all necessary legislative and institutional measures to ensure implementation of this Regulation.

(39b)

Member States, as well as regional and local authorities have a significant responsibility in effectively promoting and marketing ELTIFs to investors, as well as providing specific information to citizens and consumers about the benefits offered by that new framework.

(39c)

It is crucial to encourage a number of semi-professional investors in the Union, such as mid-tier pension schemes, insurance companies, municipalities, churches, charities and foundations, that may have sufficient capital and certain expertise, to invest in ELTIFs.

(40)

The new uniform rules on ELTIFs should comply with the provisions of Directive 95/46/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council […] (12) and with Regulation (EC) No 45/2001 of the European Parliament and of the Council […] (13).

(40a)

An ELTIF should not invest in an eligible investment asset in which the ELTIF manager has or takes a direct or indirect interest other than by holding units or shares of the ELTIF it manages. Guarantees should also be in place in order to avoid practices that distort competition or create barriers to entry.

(41)

Since the objectives of this Regulation, namely to ensure uniform requirements on the investments and operating conditions for ELTIFs throughout the Union, while taking full account of the need to balance safety and reliability of ELTIFs with the efficient operation of the market for long-term financing and the cost for its various stakeholders, cannot be sufficiently achieved by the Member States and can therefore, by reason of its scale and effects, be better achieved at Union level, the Union may adopt measures in accordance with the principle of subsidiarity as set out in Article 5 of the Treaty on European Union. In accordance with the principle of proportionality, as set out in that Article, this Regulation does not go beyond what is necessary in order to achieve those objectives.

(42)

The new uniform rules on ELTIFs respect the fundamental rights and observe the principles recognised in particular by the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union and notably access to services of general economic interest, consumer protection, the freedom to conduct a business, the right to remedy and to a fair trial, and the protection of personal data. The new uniform rules on ELTIFs should be applied in accordance with those rights and principles,

(1)

‘capital’ means aggregate capital contributions and uncalled committed capital, calculated on the basis of amounts investible after deduction of all fees, charges and expenses which are directly or indirectly borne by investors;

(1a)

‘retail investor’ means an investor who is not a professional client, in accordance with Section I of Annex II to Directive… /…/EU [new Mifid];

(1b)

‘professional investor’ means an investor who is a professional client, in accordance with Section I of Annex II to Directive …/../EU [new Mifid], or who may, on request, be treated as a professional client in accordance with that Directive;

(1c)

‘semi-professional investor’ means any retail investor who commits to investing a minimum of EUR 100 000 and who provides a written statement, separate from the contract to be concluded for the commitment to invest, to the effect that the investor is aware of the risks associated with the envisaged commitment or investment;

(2)

‘equity’ means ownership interest in an undertaking, represented by the shares or other forms of participation in the capital of the qualifying portfolio undertaking issued to its investors;

(3)

‘quasi-equity’ means any type of financing instrument where the return on the instrument is linked to the profit or loss of the qualifying portfolio undertaking and where the repayment of the instrument in the event of default is not fully secured;

(4)

‘financial undertaking’ means any of the following:

(4a)

‘professional ELTIF’ means an ELTIF eligible to be marketed only to professional and semi-professional investors;

(4b)

‘EU AIF’ means EU AIF as defined in Article 4(1)(k) of Directive 2011/61/EU;

(4c)

‘EU AIFM’ means EU AIFM as defined in Article 4(1)(l) of Directive 2011/61/EU;

(5)

‘competent authority of the ELTIF’ means the competent authority of the home Member State of the EU AIF as defined in Article 4(1)(p) of Directive 2011/61/EU;

(6)

‘ELTIF home Member State’ means the Member State where the ELTIF is authorised;

(6a)

‘repurchase agreement’ means any agreement in which one party transfers securities or any rights related to that title to a counterparty, subject to a commitment to repurchase them at a specified price on a future date specified or to be specified;

(6b)

‘short selling’ means the uncovered sale of assets;

(6c)

‘retail ELTIF’ means an ELTIF whose investors include retail investors;

(6d)

‘securities lending’ and ‘securities borrowing’ mean a transaction in which an institution or its counterparty transfers securities subject to a commitment that the borrower will return equivalent securities at some future date or when requested to do so by the transferor, that transaction constituting securities lending to the transferor and securities borrowing to the transferee;

(6e)

‘infrastructure’ means basic physical and intangible organisational structures and facilities needed for the operation of a society or enterprise.

(a)

the fund rules or instruments of incorporation;

(b)

information on the identity of the proposed ELTIF manager , its current and previous fund management history and experience relevant to long term investment ;

(c)

information on the identity of the depositary;

(d)

a description of the information to be made available to investors;

(da)

for retail ELTIFs, a description of the procedures and arrangements in place to deal with retail investors' complaints;

(e)

any other information or document requested by the competent authority of the ELTIF to verify compliance with the requirements of this Regulation.

(a)

is satisfied that the applicant ELTIF is able to meet all the requirements of this Regulation and has approved the fund rules or instruments of incorporation and the choice of the depositary ;

(b)

has approved the application of an EU AIFM authorised in accordance with Directive 2011/61/EU to manage the ELTIF ▌;

(ba)

is satisfied that the proposed ELTIF manager or a person exercising a management function within the proposed ELTIF manager has not previously been the subject of penalties for infringements of national or Union law governing fund management.

(a)

the EU AIFM does not comply with this Regulation;

(b)

the EU AIFM does not comply with Directive 2011/61/EU , as established in cooperation with the competent authority of the ELTIF manager in accordance with this Regulation and with the supervisory cooperation arrangements laid down in Directive 2011/61/EU ;

(c)

the EU AIFM is not authorised by its competent authority to manage AIFs that include funds of the type covered in this Regulation , as established in cooperation with the competent authority of the ELTIF manager in accordance with this Regulation ;

(d)

the EU AIFM has not provided the documentation referred to in Article 4(2) , or any clarification or information requested thereunder .

(a)

eligible investment assets;

(b)

assets referred to in Article 50(1) of Directive 2009/65/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council (16).

(a)

short-selling of assets;

(b)

taking direct or indirect exposure to commodities, including via derivatives, certificates representing them, indices based on them or any other means or instruments that would give an exposure to them;

(d)

using financial derivative instruments, except where ▌ it solely serves the purpose of hedging ▌ risks inherent to other investments of the ELTIF.

(a)

equity or quasi-equity instruments which have been:

(b)

debt instruments issued by a qualifying portfolio undertaking with a maturity aligned to the life of the ELTIF ;

(c)

loans granted by the ELTIF to a qualifying portfolio undertaking with a maturity aligned to the life of the ELTIF ;

(d)

units or shares of one or several other ELTIFs, European Venture Capital Funds (EuVECAs) and European Social Entrepreneurship Funds (EuSEFs) provided that those ELTIFs, EuVECAs and EuSEFs have not themselves invested more than 10 % of their capital in ELTIFs;

(e)

direct holdings or indirect holdings via qualifying portfolio undertakings of individual infrastructure that require up-front capital expenditure of at least EUR 10 million or its equivalent in the currency, and at the time, in which the expenditure is incurred and provide regular predictable returns .

(a)

it is not a financial undertaking other than the European multilateral development banks referred to in Regulation (EU) No 575/2013 [CRR] Article 117(2)(f), (i), (j) and (k) ;

(b)

it is not admitted to trading:

▌

(ba)

it is admitted to trading on a regulated market or on a multilateral trading facility and has a market capitalisation of no more than EUR 1 billion;

(bb)

it is admitted to trading on a regulated market or on a multilateral trading facility and is considered to be an SME in accordance with Article 2(1) of the Annex to Commission Recommendation 223/361/EC  (17);

(c)

it is established in a Member State, or in a third country provided that the third country:

(a)

10 % of its capital in assets issued by any single qualifying portfolio undertaking;

(b)

10 % of its capital directly or indirectly in an individual infrastructure according to Article 9(e) ;

(c)

10 % of its capital in units or shares of any single ELTIF, EuVECA, EuSEF or AIFs ;

(d)

5 % of its capital in assets referred to in Article 8(1)(b) where those assets have been issued by any single body.

(a)

it represents no more than 40  % of the capital of the ELTIF;

(b)

it serves the purpose of acquiring a participation in eligible investment assets;

(c)

it is contracted in the same currency as the assets to be acquired with the borrowed cash;

▌

(ea)

it encumbers the assets that represent no more than 30 % of the capital of the ELTIF.

(eb)

its duration is aligned with the life of the ELTIF.

(a)

apply by the date specified in the ELTIF rules or instruments of incorporation, where this date shall take account of the peculiarities and characteristics of the assets to be invested by the ELTIF and shall not be later than five years or half the life of the ELTIF as determined in accordance with Article 16(2), whichever is the earlier, after the authorisation of the ELTIF. In exceptional circumstances, the competent authority of the ELTIF, upon submission of a duly justified investment plan, may approve an extension of this time limit by no more than one additional year;

(b)

cease to apply once the ELTIF starts to sell assets in accordance with its redemption policy as set out in Article 16;

(c)

be temporarily suspended where the ELTIF raises additional capital, so long as such a suspension lasts no longer than 12 months , in particular in the case of an infrastructure investment .

(a)

the ELTIF rules or instrument of incorporation foresees this possibility, under the condition that all investors receive fair treatment;

(b)

the investor asks in writing to be repaid through a share of the assets of the fund;

(c)

no specific rules restrict the transfer of those assets.

(a)

an assessment of the market for potential buyers;

(b)

an assessment and comparison of potential sales prices;

(c)

a valuation for the assets to be divested;

(d)

a precise timeframe for the disposal schedule.

(a)

any proceeds that the assets are regularly producing;

(b)

the capital appreciation realized after the disposal of an asset▐.

(a)

a statement setting out how the ELTIF's investment objectives and strategy for achieving these objectives qualify the fund as long term in nature;

(b)

information to be disclosed by collective investment undertakings of the closed-end type in accordance with Directive 2003/71/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council (19) and Commission Regulation (EC) No 809/2004 (20);

(c)

information to be disclosed to investors pursuant to Article 23 of Directive 2011/61/EU, if it is not already covered under point(b) of this paragraph;

(d)

prominent indication of the categories of assets the ELTIF is authorised to invest in;

(da)

a cash flow statement.

(a)

inform investors about the long-term nature of the ELTIF’s investments;

(b)

where applicable according to Article 16(1) inform investors about the end of life of the ELTIF and any right of temporary expansion or any right of intervention of the life of the ELTIF and the specific conditions provided for ;

(c)

state whether the ELTIF is intended to be marketed to retail investors;

(d)

state the rights of investors ▌to redeem their investment in accordance with Article 16(1) and with the rules or instruments of incorporation of the ELTIF;

(e)

state the frequency and the timing of any income payments, if any, to the investors during the life of the fund;

(f)

advise investors that only a small proportion of their overall investment portfolio should be invested in an ELTIF.

(fa)

inform investors about the strategy for qualifying unlisted companies to be admitted to trading in regulated markets;

(fb)

inform investors about the strategy regarding the use of derivatives taking into account specific characteristics and aspects of the project in question;

(fc)

mention any participation in instruments involving Union budgetary funds.

(fd)

inform investors regularly, at least once a year, of the progress of each investment project, the value of the individual qualifying portfolio investments and the value of other assets in which spare cash is placed as well as the nature, purpose and value of any derivatives used.

(a)

costs of setting-up the ELTIF;

(b)

the costs related to the acquisition of assets;

(c)

management costs;

(d)

distribution costs;

(e)

other costs, including administrative, regulatory, depositary, custodial, professional service and audit costs.

(a)

the common definitions, calculation methodologies and presentation formats of the costs referred to in paragraph 1 and the overall ratio referred to in paragraph 2;

(b)

the common definition, calculation methodology and presentation format of the expression of total costs in paragraph 3.

(a)

the ELTIF's rules or instruments of incorporation provide that all investors benefit from equal treatment and no preferential treatment or specific economic benefits are granted to individual investors or groups of investors;

(b)

the ELTIF may be structured as a partnership if this does not require additional commitments for the investor apart from the original capital commitment ;

(c)

retail investors may, during the subscription period ▌ of units or shares of the ELTIF, cancel their subscription and have the money returned without penalty;

(ca)

the ELTIF manager has established appropriate procedures and arrangements to deal with retail investor complaints, which allow retail investors to file complaints in the official language or one of the official languages of their Member State;

(cb)

the legal form of the ELTIF is such that retail investors cannot lose more than the amount that they have invested into the fund;

(cc)

the ELTIF invests in units or shares of EuVECA and EuSEF only where those funds have a depositary;

(a)

the prospectus of the ELTIF;

(b)

the key information document of the ELTIF in case of marketing to retail investors;

(c)

information on the facilities referred to in Article 22.

(a)

fails to comply with the requirements that apply portfolio composition and diversification in breach of Articles 12 and 15;

(b)

markets, the units of shares of a ELTIF to retail investors in breach of Article 24 and 25;

(c)

uses the designation ELTIF but is not authorised to do so in accordance with Article 3;

(d)

uses the designation ELTIF for the marketing of funds which are not established in accordance with Article 3(1);

(e)

fails to comply with the applicable rules and liability in breach of Article 6.

(a)

take measures to ensure that the ELTIF manager complies with Articles 3, 6, 12, 15, 24, and 25.

(b)

prohibit the use of the designation ELTIF and withdraw the approval given to the ELTIF manager concerned from the authorisation.

(a)

the impact of ▌ Article 16(1)▐;

(b)

the impact on asset diversification of the application of the minimum threshold of 70 % of eligible investment assets laid down in Article 12(1), in particular ▌ whether increased measures on liquidity would be necessary▐;

(c)

the extent to which ELTIFs are marketed in the Union, including whether AIFMs within the meaning of Article 3(2) of Directive 2011/61/EU might have an interest in marketing ELTIFs;

(ca)

the extent to which the list of eligible assets and investments should be updated, as well as the diversification rules, portfolio composition and limits regarding the borrowing of cash.