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Document 32025R0447
Commission Regulation (EU) 2025/447 of 7 March 2025 amending Regulations (EC) No 2150/2002 and (EC) No 1552/2005 of the European Parliament and of the Council, as well as Commission Regulations (EC) No 1726/1999, (EC) No 1916/2000, (EC) No 198/2006, (EC) No 1062/2008 and (EU) No 349/2011, as regards references to the statistical classification of economic activities NACE Revision 2 established by Regulation (EC) No 1893/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council
Commission Regulation (EU) 2025/447 of 7 March 2025 amending Regulations (EC) No 2150/2002 and (EC) No 1552/2005 of the European Parliament and of the Council, as well as Commission Regulations (EC) No 1726/1999, (EC) No 1916/2000, (EC) No 198/2006, (EC) No 1062/2008 and (EU) No 349/2011, as regards references to the statistical classification of economic activities NACE Revision 2 established by Regulation (EC) No 1893/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council
Commission Regulation (EU) 2025/447 of 7 March 2025 amending Regulations (EC) No 2150/2002 and (EC) No 1552/2005 of the European Parliament and of the Council, as well as Commission Regulations (EC) No 1726/1999, (EC) No 1916/2000, (EC) No 198/2006, (EC) No 1062/2008 and (EU) No 349/2011, as regards references to the statistical classification of economic activities NACE Revision 2 established by Regulation (EC) No 1893/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council
C/2025/983
OJ L, 2025/447, 10.3.2025, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2025/447/oj (BG, ES, CS, DA, DE, ET, EL, EN, FR, GA, HR, IT, LV, LT, HU, MT, NL, PL, PT, RO, SK, SL, FI, SV)
In force
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Official Journal |
EN L series |
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2025/447 |
10.3.2025 |
COMMISSION REGULATION (EU) 2025/447
of 7 March 2025
amending Regulations (EC) No 2150/2002 and (EC) No 1552/2005 of the European Parliament and of the Council, as well as Commission Regulations (EC) No 1726/1999, (EC) No 1916/2000, (EC) No 198/2006, (EC) No 1062/2008 and (EU) No 349/2011, as regards references to the statistical classification of economic activities NACE Revision 2 established by Regulation (EC) No 1893/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council
(Text with EEA relevance)
THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION,
Having regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,
Having regard to Regulation (EC) No 2150/2002 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 November 2002 on waste statistics (1), and in particular Article 6(2) thereof,
Having regard to Regulation (EC) No 1552/2005 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 7 September 2005 on statistics relating to vocational training in enterprises (2), and in particular Article 13, first paragraph, thereof,
Having regard to Regulation (EC) No 453/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2008 on quarterly statistics on Community job vacancies (3), and in particular Article 5(1) thereof,
Having regard to Regulation (EC) No 1338/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 December 2008 on Community statistics on public health and health and safety at work (4), and in particular Article 9(1) thereof,
Having regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 530/1999 of 9 March 1999 concerning structural statistics on earnings and on labour costs (5), and in particular Article 11, third paragraph, thereof,
Whereas:
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(1) |
Regulation (EC) No 1893/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council (6) established a common statistical classification of economic activities in the Union (NACE Revision 2; ‘NACE Rev. 2’). Since then, globalisation and digitalisation have progressively changed the way in which many economic activities provide goods and services worldwide. As a result, NACE Rev. 2 had to be updated, to maintain its comparability and consistency with the standards for classifying economic activities used at international level. Accordingly, Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2023/137 (7) amended Regulation (EC) No 1893/2006 and established the updated classification (NACE Revision 2 Update 1; ‘NACE Rev. 2.1’). |
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(2) |
To enable users to assess the detailed content changes in NACE and be able to compare that previous version of the classification with the updated version thereof (NACE Rev. 2.1), a correspondence table (8) was made available to the classification users on 1 August 2023, along with explanatory notes (9). |
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(3) |
The large body of legislation setting out data transmission requirements which refer to specific NACE sections, divisions, groups or classes includes Regulations (EC) No 2150/2002 and (EC) No 1552/2005, as well as Commission Regulations (EC) No 1726/1999 (10), (EC) No 1916/2000 (11), (EC) No 198/2006 (12), (EC) No 1062/2008 (13) and (EU) No 349/2011 (14). In order to ensure that those transmission requirements are expressed in terms compatible with the updated classification (NACE Rev. 2.1), those acts should be amended. |
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(4) |
Sections 1 and 8 of Annex I, and Section 1 of Annex II to Regulation (EC) No 2150/2002 refer to specific sections, divisions, groups or classes of NACE Rev. 2 and should therefore be amended. |
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(5) |
Regulation (EC) No 1726/1999 implemented Regulation (EC) No 530/1999 as regards the definition and transmission of information on labour costs. The references to NACE Rev. 2 in Sections A and D of Annex II, and in Annex III to Regulation (EC) No 1726/1999 should therefore be amended. |
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(6) |
Regulation (EC) No 1916/2000 implemented Regulation (EC) No 530/1999 as regards the definition and transmission of information on structure of earnings. Annexes I and II to Regulation (EC) No 1916/2000 make reference to NACE Rev. 2 and should therefore be amended. |
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(7) |
Regulation (EC) No 198/2006 implemented Regulation (EC) No 1552/2005. Annexes I, II, III and V to Regulation (EC) No 198/2006 refer to NACE Rev. 2 and should therefore be amended. |
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(8) |
Regulation (EC) No 1062/2008 implemented Regulation (EC) No 453/2008, as regards seasonal adjustment procedures and quality reports. Article 1, as well as Annexes 1 and 2 to Regulation (EC) No 1062/2008 refer to NACE Rev. 2 and should therefore be amended. |
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(9) |
Regulation (EU) No 349/2011 implemented Regulation (EC) No 1338/2008 as regards statistics on accidents at work. All three annexes to Regulation (EU) No 349/2011 refer to specific sections, divisions, groups or classes of the common statistical classification of economic activities in the Union, in its form as initially established by Regulation (EC) No 1893/2006. Regulation (EU) No 349/2011 should therefore be amended, so that it is expressed in terms of the requirements that are compatible with the updated version of the statistical classification of economic activities (NACE Rev. 2.1). |
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(10) |
In order to allow data providers a certain period of time to adapt to the new regulatory requirements, compliance with the updated classification should not be required immediately. |
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(11) |
The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the European Statistical System Committee, |
HAS ADOPTED THIS REGULATION:
Article 1
Amendments to Regulation (EC) No 2150/2002
Annexes I and II to Regulation (EC) No 2150/2002 are amended in accordance with Annex I to this Regulation.
Article 2
Amendments to Regulation (EC) No 1552/2005
Regulation (EC) No 1552/2005 is amended as follows:
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(1) |
Article 4 is replaced by the following ‘Article 4 Scope of statistics The statistics on the vocational training in enterprises shall cover at least all economic activities set out in sections B to O and sections S and T of NACE (*1). (*1) Regulation (EC) No 1893/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 December 2006 establishing the statistical classification of economic activities NACE Revision 2 and amending Council Regulation (EEC) No 3037/90 as well as certain EC Regulations on specific statistical domains (OJ L 393, 30.12.2006, p. 1, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2006/1893/oj).’;" |
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(2) |
Article 7 is amended as follows:
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Article 3
Amendments to Regulation (EC) No 1726/1999
Annexes II and III to Regulation (EC) No 1726/1999 are amended in accordance with Annex II to this Regulation.
Article 4
Amendments to Regulation (EC) No 1916/2000
Annexes I and II to Regulation (EC) No 1916/2000 are amended in accordance with Annex III to this Regulation.
Article 5
Amendments to Regulation (EC) No 198/2006
Annexes I, II, III and V to Regulation (EC) No 198/2006 are amended in accordance with Annex IV to this Regulation.
Article 6
Amendments to Regulation (EC) No 1062/2008
Regulation (EC) No 1062/2008 is amended as follows:
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(1) |
in Article 1, the first sentence is replaced by the following: ‘For the purpose of applying Article 3(3) of Regulation (EC) No 453/2008, the transmission of seasonally adjusted data shall start at the latest when time series with at least 16 observed periods are available at the aggregation level of NACE (*2) specified in Annex 1. (*2) Regulation (EC) No 1893/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 December 2006 establishing the statistical classification of economic activities NACE Revision 2 and amending Council Regulation (EEC) No 3037/90 as well as certain EC Regulations on specific statistical domains (OJ L 393, 30.12.2006, p. 1, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2006/1893/oj).’;" |
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(2) |
Annexes 1 and 2 are amended in accordance with Annex V to this Regulation. |
Article 7
Amendments to Regulation (EU) No 349/2011
Annexes I, II and III to Regulation (EU) No 349/2011 are amended in accordance with Annex VI to this Regulation.
Article 8
Application
1. Articles 1, 4 and 6 shall apply from 1 January 2026, as regards data transmissions to the Commission (Eurostat), for reference periods that start on or after that date.
2. Article 7 shall apply from 1 January 2027, as regards data transmissions to the Commission (Eurostat), for reference periods that start on or after that date.
3. Article 3 shall apply from 1 January 2028, as regards data transmissions to the Commission (Eurostat), for reference periods that start on or after that date.
4. Articles 2 and 5 shall apply from 1 January 2030, as regards data transmissions to the Commission (Eurostat), for reference periods that start on or after that date.
Article 9
Entry into force
This Regulation shall enter into force on the twentieth day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.
This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States.
Done at Brussels, 7 March 2025.
For the Commission
The President
Ursula VON DER LEYEN
(1) OJ L 332, 9.12.2002, p. 1, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2002/2150/oj.
(2) OJ L 255, 30.9.2005, p. 1, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2005/1552/oj.
(3) OJ L 145, 4.6.2008, p. 234, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2008/453/oj.
(4) OJ L 354, 31.12.2008, p. 70, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2008/1338/oj.
(5) OJ L 63, 12.3.1999, p. 6, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/1999/530/oj.
(6) Regulation (EC) No 1893/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 December 2006 establishing the statistical classification of economic activities NACE Revision 2 and amending Council Regulation (EEC) No 3037/90 as well as certain EC Regulations on specific statistical domains (OJ L 393, 30.12.2006, p. 1, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2006/1893/oj).
(7) Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2023/137 of 10 October 2022 amending Regulation (EC) No 1893/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing the statistical classification of economic activities NACE Revision 2 (OJ L 19, 20.1.2023, p. 5, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg_del/2023/137/oj).
(8) https://europa.eu/!f6H9nX.
(9) https://europa.eu/!FNRFFB.
(10) Commission Regulation (EC) No 1726/1999 of 27 July 1999 Implementing Council Regulation (EC) No 530/1999 concerning structural statistics on earnings and on labour costs as regards the definition and transmission of information on labour costs (OJ L 203, 3.8.1999, p. 28, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/1999/1726/oj).
(11) Commission Regulation (EC) No 1916/2000 of 8 September 2000 on implementing Council Regulation (EC) No 530/1999 concerning structural statistics on earnings and on labour costs as regards the definition and transmission of information on structure of earnings (OJ L 229, 9.9.2000, p. 3, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2000/1916/oj).
(12) Commission Regulation (EC) No 198/2006 of 3 February 2006 implementing Regulation (EC) No 1552/2005 of the European Parliament and the Council on statistics relating to vocational training in enterprises (OJ L 32, 4.2.2006, p. 15, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2006/198/oj).
(13) Commission Regulation (EC) No 1062/2008 of 28 October 2008 implementing Regulation (EC) No 453/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council on quarterly statistics on Community job vacancies, as regards seasonal adjustment procedures and quality reports (OJ L 285, 29.10.2008, p. 3, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2008/1062/oj).
(14) Commission Regulation (EU) No 349/2011 of 11 April 2011 implementing Regulation (EC) No 1338/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council on Community statistics on public health and health and safety at work, as regards statistics on accidents at work (OJ L 97, 12.4.2011, p. 3, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2011/349/oj).
ANNEX I
Annexes I and II to Regulation (EC) No 2150/2002 are amended as follows:
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(1) |
Annex I is amended as follows:
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(2) |
in Annex II, Section 1, point 1 is replaced by the following:
(*3) Regulation (EC) No 1893/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 December 2006 establishing the statistical classification of economic activities NACE Revision 2 and amending Council Regulation (EEC) No 3037/90 as well as certain EC Regulations on specific statistical domains (OJ L 393, 30.12.2006, p. 1, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2006/1893/oj).’." |
(*1) Regulation (EC) No 1893/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 December 2006 establishing the statistical classification of economic activities NACE Revision 2 and amending Council Regulation (EEC) No 3037/90 as well as certain EC Regulations on specific statistical domains (OJ L 393, 30.12.2006, p. 1, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2006/1893/oj).’;
(*2) Council Regulation (EEC) No 696/93 of 15 March 1993 on the statistical units for the observation and analysis of the production system in the Community (OJ L 76, 30.3.1993, p. 1, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/1993/696/oj).’;
(*3) Regulation (EC) No 1893/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 December 2006 establishing the statistical classification of economic activities NACE Revision 2 and amending Council Regulation (EEC) No 3037/90 as well as certain EC Regulations on specific statistical domains (OJ L 393, 30.12.2006, p. 1, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2006/1893/oj).’.’
ANNEX II
Annexes II and III to Regulation (EC) No 1726/1999 are amended as follows:
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(1) |
Annex II is amended as follows:
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(2) |
Annex III is amended as follows:
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(*1) Regulation (EC) No 1893/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 December 2006 establishing the statistical classification of economic activities NACE Revision 2 and amending Council Regulation (EEC) No 3037/90 as well as certain EC Regulations on specific statistical domains (OJ L 393, 30.12.2006, p. 1, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2006/1893/oj).
(*2) The coverage of Section P of NACE is optional. The coverage of employees in enterprises with less than 10 employees is optional as well.’;
(*3) Regulation (EC) No 1893/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 December 2006 establishing the statistical classification of economic activities NACE Revision 2 and amending Council Regulation (EEC) No 3037/90 as well as certain EC Regulations on specific statistical domains (OJ L 393, 30.12.2006, p. 1, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2006/1893/oj).’;’
ANNEX III
Annexes I and II to Regulation (EC) No 1916/2000 are amended as follows:
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(1) |
in Annex I, point 1.3 is replaced by the following:
(*1) Regulation (EC) No 1893/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 December 2006 establishing the statistical classification of economic activities NACE Revision 2 and amending Council Regulation (EEC) No 3037/90 as well as certain EC Regulations on specific statistical domains (OJ L 393, 30.12.2006, p. 1, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2006/1893/oj).’;" |
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(2) |
Annex II is amended as follows:
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(*1) Regulation (EC) No 1893/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 December 2006 establishing the statistical classification of economic activities NACE Revision 2 and amending Council Regulation (EEC) No 3037/90 as well as certain EC Regulations on specific statistical domains (OJ L 393, 30.12.2006, p. 1, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2006/1893/oj).’;
(*2) Regulation (EC) No 1893/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 December 2006 establishing the statistical classification of economic activities NACE Revision 2 and amending Council Regulation (EEC) No 3037/90 as well as certain EC Regulations on specific statistical domains (OJ L 393, 30.12.2006, p. 1, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2006/1893/oj).
(*3) The coverage of section P of NACE is optional. The coverage of employees in enterprises with less than 10 employees is optional as well.’;
(*4) The coverage of section P of NACE is optional. The coverage of employees in enterprises with less than 10 employees is optional as well.’;’
ANNEX IV
Annexes I, II, III and V to Regulation (EC) No 198/2006 are amended as follows:
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(1) |
in the note to the table in Annex I, the sixth sentence is replaced by the following: ‘NACE refers to the classification of economic activity established by Regulation (EC) No 1893/2006 (*1). (*1) Regulation (EC) No 1893/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 December 2006 establishing the statistical classification of economic activities NACE Revision 2 and amending Council Regulation (EEC) No 3037/90 as well as certain EC Regulations on specific statistical domains (OJ L 393, 30.12.2006, p. 1, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2006/1893/oj).’;" |
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(2) |
in point 2 of Annex II, the introductory wording and the first indent are replaced by the following: ‘The sample shall be stratified by NACE (*2) and size category in accordance with the following minimum specifications:
(*2) Regulation (EC) No 1893/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 December 2006 establishing the statistical classification of economic activities NACE Revision 2 and amending Council Regulation (EEC) No 3037/90 as well as certain EC Regulations on specific statistical domains (OJ L 393, 30.12.2006, p. 1, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2006/1893/oj).’;" |
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(3) |
in the fourth paragraph of Annex III, points 2, 3 and 4 are replaced by the following:
(*3) Regulation (EC) No 1893/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 December 2006 establishing the statistical classification of economic activities NACE Revision 2 and amending Council Regulation (EEC) No 3037/90 as well as certain EC Regulations on specific statistical domains (OJ L 393, 30.12.2006, p. 1, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2006/1893/oj).’;" |
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(4) |
Annex V is amended as follows:
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(*1) Regulation (EC) No 1893/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 December 2006 establishing the statistical classification of economic activities NACE Revision 2 and amending Council Regulation (EEC) No 3037/90 as well as certain EC Regulations on specific statistical domains (OJ L 393, 30.12.2006, p. 1, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2006/1893/oj).’;
(*2) Regulation (EC) No 1893/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 December 2006 establishing the statistical classification of economic activities NACE Revision 2 and amending Council Regulation (EEC) No 3037/90 as well as certain EC Regulations on specific statistical domains (OJ L 393, 30.12.2006, p. 1, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2006/1893/oj).’;
(*3) Regulation (EC) No 1893/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 December 2006 establishing the statistical classification of economic activities NACE Revision 2 and amending Council Regulation (EEC) No 3037/90 as well as certain EC Regulations on specific statistical domains (OJ L 393, 30.12.2006, p. 1, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2006/1893/oj).’;
(*4) Regulation (EC) No 1893/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 December 2006 establishing the statistical classification of economic activities NACE Revision 2 and amending Council Regulation (EEC) No 3037/90 as well as certain EC Regulations on specific statistical domains (OJ L 393, 30.12.2006, p. 1, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2006/1893/oj).’;’
ANNEX V
Annexes 1 and 2 to Regulation (EC) No 1062/2008 are amended as follows:
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(1) |
Annex 1 is replaced by the following: ‘ANNEX 1 NACE (*1) aggregation level
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(2) |
in Annex 2, point 2.2.6. is replaced by the following: ‘2.2.6. Estimation of bias An assessment of the non-sampling errors, in terms of the absolute number of vacant posts, shall be transmitted for the total number of job vacancies and, where possible, for aggregation level of NACE (*2) specified in Annex 1 to this Regulation and size classes (1-9, 10 + employees). (*2) Regulation (EC) No 1893/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 December 2006 establishing the statistical classification of economic activities NACE Revision 2 and amending Council Regulation (EEC) No 3037/90 as well as certain EC Regulations on specific statistical domains (OJ L 393, 30.12.2006, p. 1, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2006/1893/oj).’ " |
(*2) Regulation (EC) No 1893/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 December 2006 establishing the statistical classification of economic activities NACE Revision 2 and amending Council Regulation (EEC) No 3037/90 as well as certain EC Regulations on specific statistical domains (OJ L 393, 30.12.2006, p. 1, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2006/1893/oj).’ ’
(*1) Regulation (EC) No 1893/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 December 2006 establishing the statistical classification of economic activities NACE Revision 2 and amending Council Regulation (EEC) No 3037/90 as well as certain EC Regulations on specific statistical domains (OJ L 393, 30.12.2006, p. 1, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2006/1893/oj).
ANNEX VI
Annexes I, II and III to Regulation (EU) No 349/2011 are amended as follows:
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(1) |
Annex I is replaced by the following: ‘ANNEX I LIST OF VARIABLES European statistics on accidents at work (ESAW) Phases I and II variables
ESAW phase III variables on causes and circumstances
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(2) |
in Annex II, the introductory wording of the second paragraph is replaced by the following: ‘According to NACE (*4): (*4) Regulation (EC) No 1893/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 December 2006 establishing the statistical classification of economic activities NACE Revision 2 and amending Council Regulation (EEC) No 3037/90 as well as certain EC Regulations on specific statistical domains (OJ L 393, 30.12.2006, p. 1, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2006/1893/oj).’;" |
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(3) |
Annex III is amended as follows:
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(*4) Regulation (EC) No 1893/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 December 2006 establishing the statistical classification of economic activities NACE Revision 2 and amending Council Regulation (EEC) No 3037/90 as well as certain EC Regulations on specific statistical domains (OJ L 393, 30.12.2006, p. 1, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2006/1893/oj).’;
(*5) Regulation (EC) No 1893/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 December 2006 establishing the statistical classification of economic activities NACE Revision 2 and amending Council Regulation (EEC) No 3037/90 as well as certain EC Regulations on specific statistical domains (OJ L 393, 30.12.2006, p. 1, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2006/1893/oj).’;’
(*1) Regulation (EC) No 1893/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 December 2006 establishing the statistical classification of economic activities NACE Revision 2 and amending Council Regulation (EEC) No 3037/90 as well as certain EC Regulations on specific statistical domains (OJ L 393, 30.12.2006, p. 1, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2006/1893/oj).
(*2) Regulation (EC) No 1059/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 May 2003 on the establishment of a common classification of territorial units for statistics (NUTS) (OJ L 154, 21.6.2003, p. 1, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2003/1059/oj).
(*3) Compulsory transmission of at least 3 of the 9 variables.
ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2025/447/oj
ISSN 1977-0677 (electronic edition)