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Document 02009L0110-20180113
Directive 2009/110/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 September 2009 on the taking up, pursuit and prudential supervision of the business of electronic money institutions amending Directives 2005/60/EC and 2006/48/EC and repealing Directive 2000/46/EC (Text with EEA relevance)
Consolidated text: Directive 2009/110/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 September 2009 on the taking up, pursuit and prudential supervision of the business of electronic money institutions amending Directives 2005/60/EC and 2006/48/EC and repealing Directive 2000/46/EC (Text with EEA relevance)
Directive 2009/110/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 September 2009 on the taking up, pursuit and prudential supervision of the business of electronic money institutions amending Directives 2005/60/EC and 2006/48/EC and repealing Directive 2000/46/EC (Text with EEA relevance)
In force
02009L0110 — EN — 13.01.2018 — 001.001
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DIRECTIVE 2009/110/EC OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 16 September 2009 on the taking up, pursuit and prudential supervision of the business of electronic money institutions amending Directives 2005/60/EC and 2006/48/EC and repealing Directive 2000/46/EC (OJ L 267 10.10.2009, p. 7) |
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DIRECTIVE (EU) 2015/2366 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 25 November 2015 |
L 337 |
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23.12.2015 |
DIRECTIVE 2009/110/EC OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL
of 16 September 2009
on the taking up, pursuit and prudential supervision of the business of electronic money institutions amending Directives 2005/60/EC and 2006/48/EC and repealing Directive 2000/46/EC
(Text with EEA relevance)
TITLE I
SCOPE AND DEFINITIONS
Article 1
Subject matter and scope
This Directive lays down the rules for the pursuit of the activity of issuing electronic money to which end the Member States shall recognise the following categories of electronic money issuer:
credit institutions as defined in point 1 of Article 4 of Directive 2006/48/EC including, in accordance with national law, a branch thereof within the meaning of point 3 of Article 4 of that Directive, where such a branch is located within the Community and its head office is located outside the Community, in accordance with Article 38 of that Directive;
electronic money institutions as defined in point 1 of Article 2 of this Directive including, in accordance with Article 8 of this Directive and national law, a branch thereof, where such a branch is located within the Community and its head office is located outside the Community;
post office giro institutions which are entitled under national law to issue electronic money;
the European Central Bank and national central banks when not acting in their capacity as monetary authority or other public authorities;
Member States or their regional or local authorities when acting in their capacity as public authorities.
Article 2
Definitions
For the purposes of this Directive, the following definitions shall apply:
‘electronic money institution’ means a legal person that has been granted authorisation under Title II to issue electronic money;
‘electronic money’ means electronically, including magnetically, stored monetary value as represented by a claim on the issuer which is issued on receipt of funds for the purpose of making payment transactions as defined in point 5 of Article 4 of Directive 2007/64/EC, and which is accepted by a natural or legal person other than the electronic money issuer;
‘electronic money issuer’ means entities referred to in Article 1(1), institutions benefiting from the waiver under Article 1(3) and legal persons benefiting from a waiver under Article 9;
‘average outstanding electronic money’ means the average total amount of financial liabilities related to electronic money in issue at the end of each calendar day over the preceding six calendar months, calculated on the first calendar day of each calendar month and applied for that calendar month.
TITLE II
REQUIREMENTS FOR THE TAKING UP, PURSUIT AND PRUDENTIAL SUPERVISION OF THE BUSINESS OF ELECTRONIC MONEY INSTITUTIONS
Article 3
General prudential rules
The proposed acquirer shall supply to the competent authority information indicating the size of the intended holding and relevant information referred to in Article 19a(4) of Directive 2006/48/EC.
Where the influence exercised by the persons referred to in the second subparagraph is likely to operate to the detriment of the prudent and sound management of the institution, the competent authorities shall express their opposition or take other appropriate measures to bring that situation to an end. Such measures may include injunctions, sanctions against directors or managers, or the suspension of the exercise of the voting rights attached to the shares held by the shareholders or members in question.
Similar measures shall apply to natural or legal persons who fail to comply with the obligation to provide prior information, as laid down in this paragraph.
If a holding is acquired despite the opposition of the competent authorities, those authorities shall, regardless of any other sanction to be adopted, provide for the exercise of the voting rights of the acquirer to be suspended, the nullity of votes cast or the possibility of annulling those votes.
The Member States may waive or allow their competent authorities to waive the application of all or part of the obligations pursuant to this paragraph in respect of electronic money institutions that carry out one or more of the activities listed in Article 6(1)(e).
Article 4
Initial capital
Member States shall require electronic money institutions to hold, at the time of authorisation, initial capital, comprised of the items set out in Article 57(a) and (b) of Directive 2006/48/EC, of not less than EUR 350 000 .
Article 5
Own funds
In regard to the activity of issuing electronic money, the own funds requirements of an electronic money institution shall be calculated in accordance with Method D as set out in paragraph 3.
Electronic money institutions shall at all times hold own funds that are at least equal to the sum of the requirements referred to in the first and second subparagraphs.
Member States shall take the necessary measures to prevent the multiple use of elements eligible for own funds:
where the electronic money institution belongs to the same group as another electronic money institution, a credit institution, a payment institution, an investment firm, an asset management company or an insurance or reinsurance undertaking;
where an electronic money institution carries out activities other than the issuance of electronic money.
Article 6
Activities
In addition to issuing electronic money, electronic money institutions shall be entitled to engage in any of the following activities:
the provision of payment services listed in the Annex to Directive 2007/64/EC;
the granting of credit related to payment services referred to in points 4, 5 or 7 of the Annex to Directive 2007/64/EC, where the conditions laid down in Article 16(3) and (5) of that Directive are met;
the provision of operational services and closely related ancillary services in respect of the issuing of electronic money or to the provision of payment services referred to in point (a);
the operation of payment systems as defined in point 6 of Article 4 of Directive 2007/64/EC and without prejudice to Article 28 of that Directive;
business activities other than issuance of electronic money, having regard to the applicable Community and national law.
Credit referred to in point (b) of the first subparagraph shall not be granted from the funds received in exchange of electronic money and held in accordance with Article 7(1).
Article 7
Safeguarding requirements
For the purposes of paragraph 1, secure, low-risk assets are also units in an undertaking for collective investment in transferable securities (UCITS) which invests solely in assets as specified in the first subparagraph.
In exceptional circumstances and with adequate justification, the competent authorities may, based on an evaluation of security, maturity, value or other risk element of the assets as specified in the first and second subparagraphs, determine which of those assets do not constitute secure, low-risk assets for the purposes of paragraph 1.
Article 8
Relations with third countries
Article 9
Optional exemptions
Member States may waive or allow their competent authorities to waive the application of all or part of the procedures and conditions set out in Articles 3, 4, 5 and 7 of this Directive, with the exception of Articles 20, 22, 23 and 24 of Directive 2007/64/EC, and allow legal persons to be entered in the register for electronic money institutions if both of the following requirements are complied with:
the total business activities generate an average outstanding electronic money that does not exceed a limit set by the Member State but that, in any event, amounts to no more than EUR 5 000 000 ; and
none of the natural persons responsible for the management or operation of the business has been convicted of offences relating to money laundering or terrorist financing or other financial crimes.
Where an electronic money institution carries out any of the activities referred to in Article 6(1)(a) that are not linked to the issuance of electronic money or any of the activities referred to in Article 6(1)(b) to (e) and the amount of outstanding electronic money is unknown in advance, the competent authorities shall allow that electronic money institution to apply point (a) of the first subparagraph on the basis of a representative portion assumed to be used for the issuance of electronic money, provided that such a representative portion can be reasonably estimated on the basis of historical data and to the satisfaction of the competent authorities. Where an electronic money institution has not completed a sufficiently long period of business, that requirement shall be assessed on the basis of projected outstanding electronic money evidenced by its business plan subject to any adjustment to that plan having been required by the competent authorities.
Member States may also provide for the granting of the optional exemptions under this Article to be subject to an additional requirement of a maximum storage amount on the payment instrument or payment account of the consumer where the electronic money is stored.
A legal person registered in accordance with this paragraph may provide payment services not related to electronic money issued in accordance with this Article only if conditions set out in Article 26 of Directive 2007/64/EC are met.
A legal person referred to in paragraph 1 shall:
notify the competent authorities of any change in its situation which is relevant to the conditions specified in paragraph 1; and
at least annually, on date specified by the competent authorities, report on the average outstanding electronic money.
TITLE III
ISSUANCE AND REDEEMABILITY OF ELECTRONIC MONEY
Article 10
Prohibition from issuing electronic money
Without prejudice to Article 18, Member States shall prohibit natural or legal persons who are not electronic money issuers from issuing electronic money.
Article 11
Issuance and redeemability
Redemption may be subject to a fee only if stated in the contract in accordance with paragraph 3 and only in any of the following cases:
where redemption is requested before the termination of the contract;
where the contract provides for a termination date and the electronic money holder terminates the contract before that date; or
where redemption is requested more than one year after the date of termination of the contract.
Any such fee shall be proportionate and commensurate with the actual costs incurred by the electronic money issuer.
Where redemption is requested by the electronic money holder on or up to one year after the date of the termination of the contract:
the total monetary value of the electronic money held shall be redeemed; or
where the electronic money institution carries out one or more of the activities listed in Article 6(1)(e) and it is unknown in advance what proportion of funds is to be used as electronic money, all funds requested by the electronic money holder shall be redeemed.
Article 12
Prohibition of interest
Member States shall prohibit the granting of interest or any other benefit related to the length of time during which an electronic money holder holds the electronic money.
Article 13
Out-of-court complaint and redress procedures for the settlement of disputes
Without prejudice to this Directive, Chapter 5 of Title IV of Directive 2007/64/EC shall apply mutatis mutandis to electronic money issuers in respect of their duties arising from this Title.
TITLE IV
FINAL PROVISIONS AND IMPLEMENTING MEASURES
Article 14
Implementing measures
Article 15
Committee procedure
Article 16
Full harmonisation
Article 17
Review
By 1 November 2012, the Commission shall present to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the European Central Bank a report on the implementation and impact of this Directive, in particular on the application of prudential requirements for electronic money institutions, accompanied, where appropriate, by a proposal for its revision.
Article 18
Transitional provisions
Member States shall require such electronic money institutions to submit all relevant information to the competent authorities in order to allow the latter to assess, by 30 October 2011, whether the electronic money institutions comply with the requirements laid down in this Directive and, if not, which measures need to be taken in order to ensure compliance or whether a withdrawal of authorisation is appropriate.
Compliant electronic money institutions shall be granted authorisation, shall be entered in the register, and shall be required to comply with the requirements in Title II. Where electronic money institutions do not comply with the requirements laid down in this Directive by 30 October 2011, they shall be prohibited from issuing electronic money.
Member States shall require electronic money institutions referred to in the first subparagraph to submit all relevant information to the competent authorities in order to allow the later to assess, by 13 July 2018, whether those electronic money institutions comply with the requirements laid down in Title II of this Directive, and, if not, which measures need to be taken in order to ensure compliance or whether a withdrawal of authorisation is appropriate.
Electronic money institutions referred to in the first subparagraph which upon verification by the competent authorities comply with the requirements laid down in Title II shall be granted authorisation and shall be entered in the register. Where those electronic money institutions do not comply with the requirements laid down in Title II by 13 July 2018 they shall be prohibited from issuing electronic money.
Article 19
Amendments to Directive 2005/60/EC
Directive 2005/60/EC is hereby amended as follows:
in Article 3(2), point (a) is replaced by the following:
an undertaking, other than a credit institution, which carries out one or more of the operations included in points 2 to 12 and points 14 and 15 of Annex I to Directive 2006/48/EC, including the activities of currency exchange offices (bureaux de change);’
in Article 11(5), point (d) is replaced by the following:
electronic money, as defined in point 2 of Article 2 of Directive 2009/110/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 September 2009 on the taking up, pursuit and prudential supervision of the business of electronic money institutions ( *1 ) where, if it is not possible to recharge, the maximum amount stored electronically in the device is no more than EUR 250, or where, if it is possible to recharge, a limit of EUR 2 500 is imposed on the total amount transacted in a calendar year, except when an amount of EUR 1 000 or more is redeemed in that same calendar year upon the electronic money holder’s request in accordance with Article 11 of Directive 2009/110/EC. As regards national payment transactions, Member States or their competent authorities may increase the amount of EUR 250 referred to in this point to a ceiling of EUR 500.
Article 20
Amendments to Directive 2006/48/EC
Directive 2006/48/EC is hereby amended as follows:
Article 4 is amended as following:
point 1 is replaced by the following:
“credit institution” means an undertaking the business of which is to receive deposits or other repayable funds from the public and to grant credits for its own account;’
point 5 is replaced by the following:
“financial institution” means an undertaking other than a credit institution, the principal activity of which is to acquire holdings or to pursue one or more of the activities listed in points 2 to 12 and 15 of Annex I.’;
the following point is added to Annex I:
Issuing electronic money.’.
Article 21
Repeal
Directive 2000/46/EC shall be repealed with effect from 30 April 2011, without prejudice to Article 18(1) and (3) of this Directive.
Any reference to the repealed Directive shall be construed as a reference to this Directive.
Article 22
Transposition
They shall apply those measures from 30 April 2011.
When Member States adopt those measures, they shall contain a reference to this Directive or be accompanied by such a reference on the occasion of their official publication. The methods of making such reference shall be laid down by the Member States.
Article 23
Entry into force
This Directive shall enter into force on the 20th day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.
Article 24
Addressees
This Directive is addressed to the Member States.
( 1 ) Directive (EU) 2015/2366 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 November 2015 on payment services in the internal market and amending Directives 2002/65/EC, 2009/110/EC, 2013/36/EU and Regulation (EU) No 1093/2010 and repealing Directive 2007/64/EC (OJ L 337, 23.12.2015, p. 35).
( 2 ) OJ L 177, 30.6.2006, p. 201.
( *1 ) OJ L 267, 10.10.2009, p 7 ’.