1.

Does Article 101 TFEU preclude national legislation, such as that laid down in Article 14 of legge n. 689 (Law No 689) of 24 November 1981, which, for the purposes of exercising the powers to impose penalties, requires the Autorità garante della concorrenza e del mercato (the Italian Competition Authority) to notify the undertakings concerned of the decision initiating the investigation – which sets out, inter alia, the essential elements in relation to the alleged infringements – within the time limit of 90 days, or 360 days in the case of undertakings resident abroad, starting from the moment the Authority has knowledge of the infringement?

2.

Must Article 101 TFEU and Directive (EU) 2019/1 (1) be interpreted as meaning that they preclude national legislation which provides for annulment as an automatic consequence of the breach of the reasonable time limit for initiating the investigation procedure, without it being necessary to establish that the rights of the defence have actually been infringed; or, in the alternative, that they preclude national legislation which, where there has been a breach of the reasonable time limit for initiating the investigation procedure, places an additional burden of proof on the Authority (and not on the undertakings) to demonstrate that the breach of that time limit actually infringed the rights of the defence?