ISSN 1977-091X

Official Journal

of the European Union

C 188

European flag  

English edition

Information and Notices

Volume 60
14 June 2017


Notice No

Contents

page

 

II   Information

 

INFORMATION FROM EUROPEAN UNION INSTITUTIONS, BODIES, OFFICES AND AGENCIES

 

European Commission

2017/C 188/01

Non-opposition to a notified concentration (Case M.8315 — Siemens/Mentor Graphics) ( 1 )

1


 

IV   Notices

 

NOTICES FROM EUROPEAN UNION INSTITUTIONS, BODIES, OFFICES AND AGENCIES

 

European Commission

2017/C 188/02

Euro exchange rates

2

2017/C 188/03

Summary of European Commission Decisions on authorisations for the placing on the market for the use and/or for use of substances listed in Annex XIV to Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council concerning the Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH) (Published pursuant to Article 64(9) of Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006)  ( 1 )

3

2017/C 188/04

Summary of European Commission Decisions on authorisations for the placing on the market for the use and/or for use of substances listed in Annex XIV to Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council concerning the Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH) (published pursuant to Article 64(9) of Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006)  ( 1 )

4

2017/C 188/05

Summary of European Commission Decisions on authorisations for the placing on the market for the use and/or for use of substances listed in Annex XIV to Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council concerning the Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH) (Published pursuant to Article 64(9) of Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006)  ( 1 )

5

2017/C 188/06

Summary of European Commission Decisions on authorisations for the placing on the market for the use and/or for use of substances listed in Annex XIV to Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council concerning the Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH) (Published pursuant to Article 64(9) of Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006)  ( 1 )

6

2017/C 188/07

Summary of European Commission Decisions on authorisations for the placing on the market for the use and/or for use of substances listed in Annex XIV to Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council concerning the Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH) (Published pursuant to Article 64(9) of Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006)  ( 1 )

7

2017/C 188/08

Summary of European Commission Decisions on authorisations for the placing on the market for the use and/or for use of substances listed in Annex XIV to Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council concerning the Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH) (Published pursuant to Article 64(9) of Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006)  ( 1 )

8

2017/C 188/09

Opinion of the Advisory Committee on restrictive practices and dominant positions meeting on 6 March 2017 concerning a draft decision relating to case AT.39258 — Airfreight — Rapporteur: Finland

9

2017/C 188/10

Final Report of the Hearing Officer — Airfreight (re-adoption) (AT.39258)

10

2017/C 188/11

Summary of Commission Decision of 17 March 2017 — Relating to a proceeding under Article 101 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, Article 53 of the EEA Agreement and Article 8 of the Agreement between the European Community and the Swiss Confederation on Air Transport (Case AT.39258 — Airfreight) (notified under document C(2017) 1742)  ( 1 )

14


 

V   Announcements

 

PROCEDURES RELATING TO THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE COMMON COMMERCIAL POLICY

 

European Commission

2017/C 188/12

Notice of the impending expiry of certain anti-subsidy measures

20

2017/C 188/13

Notice of the impending expiry of certain anti-dumping measures

21

 

PROCEDURES RELATING TO THE IMPLEMENTATION OF COMPETITION POLICY

 

European Commission

2017/C 188/14

Prior notification of a concentration (Case M.8519 — Santander/SAM) — Candidate case for simplified procedure ( 1 )

22

2017/C 188/15

Prior notification of a concentration (Case M.8515 — CPPIB/BPEA/Nord Anglia Education) — Candidate case for simplified procedure ( 1 )

23

2017/C 188/16

Prior notification of a concentration (Case M.8507 — GENUI/Summit/Sycamore/Market Logic Software) — Candidate case for simplified procedure ( 1 )

24

2017/C 188/17

Prior notification of a concentration (Case M.8439 — Wärtsilä/CSSC/JV) — Candidate case for simplified procedure ( 1 )

25

 

OTHER ACTS

 

European Commission

2017/C 188/18

Publication of an application pursuant to Article 50(2)(a) of Regulation (EU) No 1151/2012 of the European Parliament and of the Council on quality schemes for agricultural products and foodstuffs

26


 


 

(1)   Text with EEA relevance.

EN

 


II Information

INFORMATION FROM EUROPEAN UNION INSTITUTIONS, BODIES, OFFICES AND AGENCIES

European Commission

14.6.2017   

EN

Official Journal of the European Union

C 188/1


Non-opposition to a notified concentration

(Case M.8315 — Siemens/Mentor Graphics)

(Text with EEA relevance)

(2017/C 188/01)

On 27 February 2017, the Commission decided not to oppose the above notified concentration and to declare it compatible with the internal market. This decision is based on Article 6(1)(b) of Council Regulation (EC) No 139/2004 (1). The full text of the decision is available only in English and will be made public after it is cleared of any business secrets it may contain. It will be available:

in the merger section of the Competition website of the Commission (http://ec.europa.eu/competition/mergers/cases/). This website provides various facilities to help locate individual merger decisions, including company, case number, date and sectoral indexes,

in electronic form on the EUR-Lex website (http://eur-lex.europa.eu/homepage.html?locale=en) under document number 32017M8315. EUR-Lex is the online access to European law.


(1)  OJ L 24, 29.1.2004, p. 1.


IV Notices

NOTICES FROM EUROPEAN UNION INSTITUTIONS, BODIES, OFFICES AND AGENCIES

European Commission

14.6.2017   

EN

Official Journal of the European Union

C 188/2


Euro exchange rates (1)

13 June 2017

(2017/C 188/02)

1 euro =


 

Currency

Exchange rate

USD

US dollar

1,1217

JPY

Japanese yen

123,43

DKK

Danish krone

7,4365

GBP

Pound sterling

0,88075

SEK

Swedish krona

9,7443

CHF

Swiss franc

1,0850

ISK

Iceland króna

 

NOK

Norwegian krone

9,4540

BGN

Bulgarian lev

1,9558

CZK

Czech koruna

26,147

HUF

Hungarian forint

306,97

PLN

Polish zloty

4,1936

RON

Romanian leu

4,5662

TRY

Turkish lira

3,9519

AUD

Australian dollar

1,4880

CAD

Canadian dollar

1,4892

HKD

Hong Kong dollar

8,7489

NZD

New Zealand dollar

1,5528

SGD

Singapore dollar

1,5501

KRW

South Korean won

1 265,98

ZAR

South African rand

14,3297

CNY

Chinese yuan renminbi

7,6245

HRK

Croatian kuna

7,4085

IDR

Indonesian rupiah

14 904,08

MYR

Malaysian ringgit

4,7812

PHP

Philippine peso

55,510

RUB

Russian rouble

63,8205

THB

Thai baht

38,048

BRL

Brazilian real

3,7045

MXN

Mexican peso

20,3188

INR

Indian rupee

72,1930


(1)  Source: reference exchange rate published by the ECB.


14.6.2017   

EN

Official Journal of the European Union

C 188/3


Summary of European Commission Decisions on authorisations for the placing on the market for the use and/or for use of substances listed in Annex XIV to Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council concerning the Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH)

(Published pursuant to Article 64(9) of Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006  (1) )

(Text with EEA relevance)

(2017/C 188/03)

Decisions granting an authorisation

Reference of the decision (2)

Date of decision

Substance name

Holder of the authorisation

Authorisation number

Authorised use

Date of expiry of review period

Reasons for the decision

C(2017) 3764

7 June 2017

Sodium dichromate

EC No 234-190-3

CAS No 7789-12-0 10588-01-9

Solvay Portugal – Produtos Quimicos S.A., Rua Eng. Clement Dumoulin, 2625-106 Povoa de Santa Iria, Portugal

REACH/17/17/0

Use of sodium dichromate as an additive for supressing parasitic reactions and oxygen evolution, pH buffering and cathode corrosion protection in the electrolytic manufacture of sodium chlorate with or without subsequent production of chlorine dioxide or sodium chlorite

21 September 2029

In accordance with Article 60(4) of Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006, the socioeconomic benefits outweigh the risk to human health arising from the use of the substance and there are no suitable alternative substances or technologies


(1)  OJ L 396, 30.12.2006, p. 1.

(2)  The decision is available on the European Commission website at: http://ec.europa.eu/growth/sectors/chemicals/reach/about/index_en.htm


14.6.2017   

EN

Official Journal of the European Union

C 188/4


Summary of European Commission Decisions on authorisations for the placing on the market for the use and/or for use of substances listed in Annex XIV to Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council concerning the Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH)

(published pursuant to Article 64(9) of Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006  (1) )

(Text with EEA relevance)

(2017/C 188/04)

Decisions granting an authorisation

Reference of the decision (2)

Date of decision

Substance name

Holder of the authorisation

Authorisation number

Authorised use

Date of expiry of review period

Reasons for the decision

C(2017) 3765

7 June 2017

Sodium dichromate

EC No 234-190-3

CAS No 7789-12-0 10588-01-9

Kemira Chemicals Oy., Harmajantie 3, FI-32741 Sastamala, Finland

REACH/17/16/0

Use of sodium dichromate as an additive for supressing parasitic reactions and oxygen evolution, pH buffering and cathode corrosion protection in the electrolytic manufacture of sodium chlorate with or without subsequent production of chlorine dioxide or sodium chlorite

21 September 2029

In accordance with Article 60(4) of Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006, the socioeconomic benefits outweigh the risk to human health arising from the use of the substance and there are no suitable alternative substances or technologies


(1)  OJ L 396, 30.12.2006, p. 1.

(2)  The decision is available on the European Commission website at: http://ec.europa.eu/growth/sectors/chemicals/reach/about/index_en.htm


14.6.2017   

EN

Official Journal of the European Union

C 188/5


Summary of European Commission Decisions on authorisations for the placing on the market for the use and/or for use of substances listed in Annex XIV to Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council concerning the Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH)

(Published pursuant to Article 64(9) of Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006  (1) )

(Text with EEA relevance)

(2017/C 188/05)

Decisions granting an authorisation

Reference of the decision (2)

Date of decision

Substance name

Holder of the authorisation

Authorisation number

Authorised use

Date of expiry of review period

Reasons for the decision

C(2017) 3801

7 June 2017

Sodium dichromate

EC No 234-190-3

CAS No 7789-12-0 10588-01-9

Electroquimica De Hernani S.A., Epele 20120, Hernani, Spain

REACH/17/15/0

Use of sodium dichromate as an additive for supressing parasitic reactions and oxygen evolution, pH buffering and cathode corrosion protection in the electrolytic manufacture of sodium chlorate with or without subsequent production of chlorine dioxide or sodium chlorite

21 September 2029

In accordance with Article 60(4) of Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006, the socioeconomic benefits outweigh the risk to human health arising from the use of the substance and there are no suitable alternative substances or technologies


(1)  OJ L 396, 30.12.2006, p. 1.

(2)  The decision is available on the European Commission website at: http://ec.europa.eu/growth/sectors/chemicals/reach/about/index_en.htm


14.6.2017   

EN

Official Journal of the European Union

C 188/6


Summary of European Commission Decisions on authorisations for the placing on the market for the use and/or for use of substances listed in Annex XIV to Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council concerning the Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH)

(Published pursuant to Article 64(9) of Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006  (1) )

(Text with EEA relevance)

(2017/C 188/06)

Decisions granting an authorisation

Reference of the decision (2)

Date of decision

Substance name

Holder of the authorisation

Authorisation number

Authorised use

Date of expiry of review period

Reasons for the decision

C(2017) 3806

7 June 2017

Sodium dichromate

EC No 234-190-3

CAS No 7789-12-0 10588-01-9

Caffaro Brescia S.r.l., via del Brennero 48, 56100 Pisa, Italy

REACH/17/19/0

Use of sodium dichromate as an additive for supressing parasitic reactions and oxygen evolution, pH buffering and cathode corrosion protection in the electrolytic manufacture of sodium chlorate with or without subsequent production of chlorine dioxide or sodium chlorite

21 September 2029

In accordance with Article 60(4) of Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006, the socioeconomic benefits outweigh the risk to human health arising from the use of the substance and there are no suitable alternative substances or technologies


(1)  OJ L 396, 30.12.2006, p. 1.

(2)  The decision is available on the European Commission website at: http://ec.europa.eu/growth/sectors/chemicals/reach/about/index_en.htm


14.6.2017   

EN

Official Journal of the European Union

C 188/7


Summary of European Commission Decisions on authorisations for the placing on the market for the use and/or for use of substances listed in Annex XIV to Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council concerning the Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH)

(Published pursuant to Article 64(9) of Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006  (1) )

(Text with EEA relevance)

(2017/C 188/07)

Decisions granting an authorisation

Reference of the decision (2)

Date of decision

Substance name

Holder of the authorisation

Authorisation number

Authorised use

Date of expiry of review period

Reasons for the decision

C(2017) 3816

7 June 2017

Sodium dichromate

EC No 234-190-3

CAS No 7789-12-0 10588-01-9

Ercros SA, Avenida Diagonal 593-595, 08014 Barcelona, Spain

REACH/17/18/0

Use of sodium dichromate as an additive for supressing parasitic reactions and oxygen evolution, pH buffering and cathode corrosion protection in the electrolytic manufacture of sodium chlorate with or without subsequent production of chlorine dioxide or sodium chlorite

21 September 2029

In accordance with Article 60(4) of Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006, the socioeconomic benefits outweigh the risk to human health arising from the use of the substance and there are no suitable alternative substances or technologies


(1)  OJ L 396, 30.12.2006, p. 1.

(2)  The decision is available on the European Commission website at: http://ec.europa.eu/growth/sectors/chemicals/reach/about/index_en.htm


14.6.2017   

EN

Official Journal of the European Union

C 188/8


Summary of European Commission Decisions on authorisations for the placing on the market for the use and/or for use of substances listed in Annex XIV to Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council concerning the Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH)

(Published pursuant to Article 64(9) of Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006  (1) )

(Text with EEA relevance)

(2017/C 188/08)

Decisions granting an authorisation

Reference of the decision (2)

Date of decision

Substance name

Holder of the authorisation

Authorisation number

Authorised use

Date of expiry of review period

Reasons for the decision

C(2017) 3821

7 June 2017

1,2-dichloroethane

EC No 203-458-1

CAS No 107-06-2

BASF SE, Carl-Bosch-Str. 38, 67056 Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Rheinland-Pfalz, Germany

REACH/17/9/0

Industrial use of EDC as a recyclable solvent and extraction agent in a closed system for purification of 1,3,5-trioxane

22 November 2024

In accordance with Article 60(4) of Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006, the socioeconomic benefits outweigh the risk to human health arising from the use of the substance and there are no suitable alternative substances or technologies in terms of their technical and economic feasibility.


(1)  OJ L 396, 30.12.2006, p. 1.

(2)  The decision is available on the European Commission website at: http://ec.europa.eu/growth/sectors/chemicals/reach/about/index_en.htm


14.6.2017   

EN

Official Journal of the European Union

C 188/9


Opinion of the Advisory Committee on restrictive practices and dominant positions meeting on 6 March 2017 concerning a draft decision relating to case AT.39258 — Airfreight

Rapporteur: Finland

(2017/C 188/09)

1.

The Advisory Committee agrees with the Commission that it is legally possible to re-adopt a new decision in this case following the (partial) annulment of the 2010 Decision by the Court.

2.

The Advisory Committee agrees with the Commission that Articles 5(j) to 5(l) of the 2010 Decision are repealed and re-adopted.

3.

The Advisory Committee agrees with the Commission that the draft decision applies to British Airways plc in so far as the judgment of the General Court in Case T-48/11 of 16 December 2015 annulled the 2010 Decision.

4.

The Advisory Committee agrees with the Commission that the anticompetitive behaviour covered by the draft decision constitutes an agreement and/or concerted practice between undertakings within the meaning of Article 101 of the TFEU, Article 53 of the EEA Agreement and Article 8 of the Swiss Agreement.

5.

The Advisory Committee agrees with the Commission’s assessment of the undertakings’ behaviour and geographic scope of the agreement and/or concerted practice contained in the draft decision.

6.

The Advisory Committee agrees with the Commission that the undertakings concerned by the draft decision participated in a single and continuous infringement of Article 101 of the TFEU, Article 53 of the EEA Agreement and Article 8 of the Swiss Agreement.

7.

The Advisory Committee agrees with the Commission that the object of the agreement and/or concerted practice was to restrict competition within the meaning of Article 101 of the TFEU, Article 53 of the EEA Agreement and Article 8 of the Swiss Agreement.

8.

The Advisory Committee agrees with the Commission that the agreement and/or concerted practice were capable of appreciably affecting trade between the Member States of the EU.

9.

The Advisory Committee agrees with the Commission’s assessment as regards the duration of the infringement.

10.

The Advisory Committee agrees with the Commission’s draft decision as regards the addressees.

11.

The Advisory Committee agrees with the Commission that a fine should be imposed on the addressees of the draft decision.

12.

The Advisory Committee agrees with the Commission on the application of the 2006 Guidelines on the method of setting fines imposed pursuant to Article 23(2)(a) of Regulation (EC) No 1/2003.

13.

The Advisory Committee agrees with the Commission on the basic amounts of the fines.

14.

The Advisory Committee agrees with the determination of the duration for the purpose of calculating the fines.

15.

The Advisory Committee agrees with the Commission on the application of the specific aggravating and mitigating circumstances in this case.

16.

The Advisory Committee agrees with the determination of the fine for the two undertakings whose adjusted basic amount exceeds 10 % of their total turnover.

17.

The Advisory Committee agrees with the Commission as regards the treatment of the leniency applications and the reduction of the fines based on the 2006 Leniency Notice.

18.

The Advisory Committee agrees with the Commission on the final amounts of the fines.

19.

The Advisory Committee recommends the publication of its Opinion in the Official Journal of the European Union.


14.6.2017   

EN

Official Journal of the European Union

C 188/10


Final Report of the Hearing Officer (1)

Airfreight (re-adoption)

(AT.39258)

(2017/C 188/10)

INTRODUCTION

1.

On 9 November 2010, in Case COMP/39258 Airfreight, the Commission adopted Decision C(2010) 7694 final relating to proceedings pursuant to Article 101 of the TFEU, Article 53 of the EEA Agreement and Article 8 of the Agreement between the European Community and the Swiss Confederation on Air Transport (the ‘2010 Decision’) (2). All but one of the addressees of that cartel fining decision brought actions for its annulment (in full or in part).

2.

In 13 judgments dated 16 December 2015 (the ‘2015 Judgments’) (3) the General Court held that the 2010 Decision was vitiated by a defective statement of reasons (4). Depending on the forms of order sought before the General Court, that vice entailed the annulment in full or in part of the 2010 Decision in respect of the various parties that had challenged that decision (5).

3.

The 2015 Judgments identified a breach of the requirement of an adequate statement of reasons in accordance with Article 296(2) TFEU. They did not rule on any substantive pleas. The draft decision to which the present report relates is designed to replace the 2010 Decision to the extent that it has been annulled. It aims to correct the deficiencies identified in the 2015 Judgments and to account for developments in the structure of certain undertakings since 2010.

The May 2016 Letters

4.

On 20 May 2016, the Commission Directorate-General for Competition (‘DG Competition’) wrote to the applicants in the 13 challenges that led to the 2015 Judgments. The letters concerned (the ‘May 2016 Letters’) informed these parties of DG Competition’s intention to propose that the Commission adopt a fresh decision in Case AT.39258. This decision would be addressed to the legal entities covered by the 13 applications before the General Court in so far as the 2010 Decision was annulled vis-à-vis each applicant. It would find that each of the applicants before the General Court participated in a ‘single and continuous infringement’ in relation to all the transport routes referred to in the 2010 Decision. The proposed fresh decision would, according to those letters, ‘require some adaptation of the recitals and the operative part of the 2010 Decision’, but would not lead to new objections nor alter the substance of the objections set out in the statement of objections of 18 December 2007 (the ‘SO’). The letters conveyed DG Competition’s view that such a fresh decision would be permitted by relevant case law, since the annulment of the 2010 Decision was ‘on procedural grounds’ (6). They invited comments on DG Competition’s planned course of action.

Responses of the parties concerned

5.

All addressees of the May 2016 Letters responded to them, with some providing the Hearing Officer with a copy of their responses addressed to DG Competition.

6.

Certain of these addressees criticised the May 2016 Letter that they received as being too imprecise. Without specific details of the ‘adaptation’ foreseen in those letters, they claimed to various degrees that their ability to make in-depth comments on the infringement that DG Competition was minded to identify in the proposed fresh decision was limited.

7.

Several addressees argued in essence that, contrary to the situations giving rise to the judgments cited in footnote 6 of the present report (the ‘PVC II line of case law’), the defects identified in the 2015 Judgments are not limited to pure formalities in the final stage of the adoption of a decision that are relatively straightforward to rectify.

8.

Some of the same addressees submitted, albeit not always pointing to a specific legal basis, that the Commission is thus legally precluded from taking a fresh decision in Case AT.39258. Others inferred rather that the Commission cannot proceed to adopt a fresh decision without firstly drawing up a new statement of objections and giving the parties concerned the opportunity to be heard anew, including by means of an oral hearing. Some of the latter addressees argued that there had been developments in relevant case law that call into question whether the requirements for a finding of their involvement in a single and continuous infringement are met.

9.

Certain addressees submitted also that any fresh decision was precluded from increasing their liability compared with the extent of the liability indicated in the 2010 Decision.

Observations of the Hearing Officer on the responses to the May 2016 Letters

10.

None of the addressees of the May 2016 Letters addressed a request to me following the May 2016 Letters. It is nonetheless worth noting the following in relation to the submissions summarised above.

11.

The right to be heard concerns the Commission’s objections and the evidence on which it relies in relation to them. It does not however extend to the final position which the Commission intends to adopt in a competition law infringement decision (7). The May 2016 Letters cannot therefore properly be criticised on the ground that they did not set out in detail the precise adaptations that DG Competition envisaged for the purposes of a fresh decision in the present case. The May 2016 Letters sought views on the outline of DG Competition’s planned proposal of a fresh decision to remedy the defects identified by the 2015 Judgments. It would have been premature to set out in precise detail every modification that DG Competition considered necessary to remedy those defects. Moreover, the addressees of the May 2016 Letters were in fact put in a position to make comments on the matters set out in those letters.

12.

Breach of the requirement of an adequate statement of reasons in accordance with Article 296(2) TFEU is considered to be a breach of ‘essential procedural requirements’ for the purposes of Article 263 TFEU (8). Although the defects in the 2010 Decision identified in the 2015 Judgments were not the same as those at issue in the PVC II line of case law, it cannot be inferred that the illegality identified in the 2015 Judgments is one of substance rather than form. The PVC II line of case law is thus applicable to the situation pertaining in Case AT.39258 after the 2015 Judgments.

13.

Indeed, the 2015 Judgments did not rule on the issue of whether a cartel infringement was committed or review the legality of the assessment of this issue in the 2010 Decision (9). The principle of res judicata does not therefore arise (10). In addition, the various annulments effected by the 2015 Judgments cannot be regarded as an acquittal for the purposes of the principle of ne bis in idem as enshrined in particular in Article 50 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union. It follows that the Commission is not precluded by either of these principles from resuming proceedings in respect of conduct which was the subject of the 2010 Decision (11). None of the submissions in response to the May 2016 Letters suggested that a fresh decision by the Commission in Case AT.39258 is precluded for other reasons.

14.

It is the SO and not the 2010 Decision that is relevant for the purposes of the exercise of the right to be heard in connection with the Commission’s objections in Case AT.39258. (12) The illegality identified in the 2015 Judgments occurred at the stage of the finalisation and adoption of the 2010 Decision. They did not of themselves affect the legality of the SO and the related hearing of the parties concerned (13). The Commission is accordingly entitled to take up the procedure in Case AT.39258 at the point when the illegality identified in the 2015 Judgments occurred (14).

15.

Without taking a view on the suggestion that the case law regarding the concept of a single and continuous infringement has evolved since the time of the SO or of the adoption of the 2010 Decision, it should be recalled that, according to EU courts, developments in the case law cannot in themselves render new hearings necessary, any more than if such developments occur in the course of administrative proceedings prior to a final decision (15). In any event, the content of some of the responses to the May 2016 Letters suggests that these letters did in practice put their addressees in a position to make legal arguments on the basis of relevant case law.

16.

If the Commission decides to replace the 2010 Decision to the extent that it has been annulled, it is required under Article 266 TFEU to eliminate the illegality identified in the 2015 Judgments. In doing so, the Commission is not precluded from adapting the text used in the 2010 Decision, even in a manner that, according to some addressees of the May 2016 Letters, would affect their liability compared with the operative part of the 2010 Decision, especially where this is done precisely to address the contradictions vitiating that decision. Unlike what some responses to the May 2016 Letters suggested, the mere possibility of differences between the 2010 Decision and a fresh decision in Case AT.39258 does not warrant a new statement of objections or the organisation of another oral hearing (16).

17.

Overall, the arguments raised in the responses to the May 2016 Letters have not identified procedural issues affecting the legality of the adoption of a fresh decision in Case AT.39258 as envisaged in the May 2016 Letters.

Request for potentially exculpatory material received after the SO

18.

In response to a May 2016 Letter, one addressee requested (as it had done before the 2010 Decision) access to all potentially exculpatory documents obtained by the Commission after the issuance of the SO in 2007. The request of 2016 sought in particular any potentially exculpatory information that the Commission might have received in the court proceedings leading to the 2015 Judgments and that the part of the file in Case M.3770 Lufthansa/Swiss that was relevant to a particular footnote in the 2010 Decision be added to the case file in Case AT.39258.

19.

DG Competition responded by letter dated 14 October 2016. That letter explained that an examination of the identified documents received by the Commission after the SO had not revealed any potentially exculpatory evidence to which that addressee did not already have access. As for the request that part of the file in Case M.3770 be added to the file in Case AT.39258, the letter noted that the relevant footnote referred solely to the public version of the Commission’s clearance decision in Case M.3770, and not to any documents from the file in that case.

20.

At a very late stage of the procedure for the adoption of a new decision, the same addressee sent a letter to me, calling into question the approach underlying DG Competition’s response of 14 October 2016. In my written response, I noted the lateness of that letter and explained why the criticisms raised could not be upheld.

The draft decision

21.

The fines imposed on individual addressees in the draft decision do not exceed the corresponding amounts set out in the 2010 Decision.

22.

Pursuant to Article 16 of Decision 2011/695/EU, I have examined whether the draft decision deals only with the objections in respect of which the parties have been afforded the opportunity of making known their views. My conclusion is that it does.

CONCLUSION

23.

In view of the above, and bearing in mind that, apart from the letter mentioned in paragraph 20 above, no requests or complaints were addressed to me, I consider that the effective exercise of the procedural rights has been respected in the procedure for the adoption of a new decision in Case AT.39258.

Brussels, 9 March 2017.

Wouter WILS


(1)  Pursuant to Articles 16 and 17 of Decision of the President of the European Commission of 13 October 2011 on the function and terms of reference of the hearing officer in certain competition proceedings (OJ L 275, 20.10.2011, p. 29) (‘Decision 2011/695/EU’).

(2)  The 2010 Decision was addressed to Air Canada, Air France-KLM, Société Air France, KLM NV, British Airways Plc, Cargolux Airlines International S.A, Cathay Pacific Airways Limited, Japan Airlines, Japan Airlines International Co., Ltd, LAN Airlines S.A., LAN Cargo S.A., Lufthansa Cargo AG, Deutsche Lufthansa AG, SWISS International Air Lines AG, Martinair Holland N.V., Qantas Airways Limited, SAS AB, SAS Cargo Group A/S, SCANDINAVIAN AIRLINES SYSTEM Denmark – Norway – Sweden, Singapore Airlines Cargo Pte Ltd and Singapore Airlines Limited.

(3)  Judgments in Air Canada v Commission (T-9/11, EU:T:2015:994); Koninklijke Luchtvaart Maatschappij v Commission (T-28/11, EU:T:2015:995); Japan Airlines v Commission (T-36/11, EU:T:2015:992); Cathay Pacific v Commission (T-38/11, EU:T:2015:985); Cargolux Airlines v Commission (T-39/11, EU:T:2015:991); Latam Airlines Group and Lan Cargo v Commission (T-40/11, EU:T:2015:986); Singapore Airlines and Singapore Airlines Cargo v Commission (T-43/11, EU:T:2015:989); Deutsche Lufthansa and Others v Commission (T-46/11, EU:T:2015:987); British Airways v Commission (T-48/11, EU:T:2015:988); SAS Cargo Group and Others v Commission (T-56/11, EU:T:2015:990); Air France-KLM v Commission (T-62/11, EU:T:2015:996); Air France v Commission (T-63/11, EU:T:2015:993); and Martinair Holland v Commission (T-67/11, EU:T:2015:984).

(4)  See, for example, judgments in Martinair Holland v Commission (EU:T:2015:984, paragraphs 25, 72, 78, 83 and 84) and Cargolux Airlines v Commission (EU:T:2015:991, paragraphs 27, 28, 72, 79, 83 and 84).

(5)  The 2010 Decision was annulled in part in relation to British Airways plc (Case T-48/11) as well as Deutsche Lufthansa AG, Lufthansa Cargo AG and Swiss International Air Lines AG (Case T-46/11). It was annulled in full in relation to the other entities that had challenged it. In respect of the addressee that did not challenge it, the 2010 Decision has become final.

(6)  The May 2016 Letters cited in this regard the judgments in Limburgse Vinyl Maatschappij and Others v Commission (C-238/99 P, C-244/99 P, C-245/99 P, C-247/99 P, C-250/99 P to C-252/99 P and C-254/99 P, EU:C:2002:582, EU:C:2002:582, paragraphs 44 to 53, 59 to 69 and 72 to 76); SP v Commission (T-472/09 and T-55/10, EU:T:2014:1040, paragraphs 277 to 281); and Lucchini v Commission (T-91/10, EU:T:2014:1033, paragraph 173).

(7)  See, among others, judgments in BASF v Commission (T-15/02, EU:T:2006:74, paragraph 94) as well as IMI and Others v Commission (T-18/05, EU:T:2010:202, paragraphs 109 and 111).

(8)  Among others, judgments in Commission v Ireland and Others (C-89/08 P, EU:C:2009:742, paragraph 34) as well as Cargolux Airlines v Commission (EU:T:2015:991, paragraph 27).

(9)  Which is comparable to the situation described in paragraph 60 of the judgment in Limburgse Vinyl Maatschappij and Others v Commission (EU:C:2002:582). See for example judgments in Singapore Airlines and Singapore Airlines Cargo v Commission (EU:T:2015:989, paragraphs 30 to 33 and 90 to 92) as well as SAS Cargo Group and Others v Commission (EU:T:2015:990, paragraphs 29 to 33, 90 and 91).

(10)  See to that effect, judgments in Limburgse Vinyl Maatschappij and Others v Commission (EU:C:2002:582, paragraphs 44, 46 and 47) and ThyssenKrupp Nirosta v Commission (C-352/09 P, EU:C:2011:191, paragraph 123).

(11)  In relation to the principle of ne bis in idem, see, by analogy, judgment in Limburgse Vinyl Maatschappij and Others v Commission (EU:C:2002:582, paragraph 62).

(12)  See, by analogy, judgments in Limburgse Vinyl Maatschappij and Others v Commission (EU:C:2002:582, paragraph 98); Lucchini v Commission (EU:T:2014:1033, paragraph 177); as well as Leali and Acciaierie e Ferriere Leali Luigi v Commission (T-489/09, T-490/09 and T-56/10, EU:T:2014:1039, paragraph 284).

(13)  See, among others, judgments in Limburgse Vinyl Maatschappij and Others v Commission (EU:C:2002:582, paragraph 73) as well as SP v Commission (EU:T:2014:1040, paragraph 277).

(14)  See, by analogy, judgment in Lucchini v Commission (EU:T:2014:1033, paragraph 173 and case law cited).

(15)  See judgments in Limburgse Vinyl Maatschappij and Others v Commission (EU:C:2002:582, paragraphs 91 and 92) as well as IRO v Commission (T-69/10, EU:T:2014:1030, paragraph 141).

(16)  See, by analogy, judgment in Limburgse Vinyl Maatschappij and Others v Commission (EU:C:2002:582, paragraph 97).


14.6.2017   

EN

Official Journal of the European Union

C 188/14


Summary of Commission Decision

of 17 March 2017

Relating to a proceeding under Article 101 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, Article 53 of the EEA Agreement and Article 8 of the Agreement between the European Community and the Swiss Confederation on Air Transport

(Case AT.39258 — Airfreight)

(notified under document C(2017) 1742)

(Only the Dutch, English and French versions are authentic)

(Text with EEA relevance)

(2017/C 188/11)

On 17 March 2017, the Commission adopted a decision relating to a proceeding under Article 101 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, Article 53 of the EEA Agreement and Article 8 of the Agreement between the European Community and the Swiss Confederation on Air Transport. In accordance with the provisions of Article 30 of Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003  (1) , the Commission herewith publishes the names of the parties and the main content of the decision, including any penalties imposed, having regard to the legitimate interest of undertakings in the protection of their business secrets.

1.   INTRODUCTION

(1)

This Decision is addressed to 19 legal entities belonging to 10 undertakings for infringing Article 101 of the Treaty, Article 53 of the EEA Agreement and Article 8 of the Agreement between the European Community and the Swiss Confederation on Air transport (hereafter ‘the Swiss Agreement’) by coordinating their pricing behaviour in the provision of airfreight services. This Decision has been adopted following the resumption of the proceedings that led to Decision C(2010) 7694 final of 9 November 2010 (‘the 2010 Decision’), due to the annulment of the 2010 Decision by the General Court for a procedural error.

2.   CASE DESCRIPTION

2.1.   Procedure

(2)

The case was opened on the basis of an immunity application on behalf of Deutsche Lufthansa AG and its controlled subsidiaries Lufthansa Cargo AG and Swiss on 7 December 2005.

(3)

The Commission obtained further evidence from the inspections that took place on 14 and 15 February 2006 at a number of premises of air freight providers throughout the EU.

(4)

Between 3 March 2006 and 27 June 2007 the Commission received eleven further applications under the 2002 Leniency Notice. The Commission also received an application from an undertaking which is not an addressee of this Decision due to lack of sufficient evidence.

(5)

The Statement of Objections was adopted on 18 December 2007, following which all undertakings involved were given the possibility to receive access to the file and defend themselves against the preliminary view of the Commission in writing and during an Oral Hearing that took place on 30 June – 4 July 2008.

(6)

On 9 November 2010, the Commission adopted the 2010 Decision.

(7)

On 16 December 2015, the General Court annulled the 2010 Decision within the limits of the form of order set out in the various applications, ruling that the 2010 Decision was vitiated by a defective statement of reasons.

(8)

This Decision takes into account the finding of the General Court as regards the defective statement of reasons in the 2010 Decision and is addressed to the parties to the extent that the 2010 Decision has been annulled for them. As the 2010 Decision has become final for Qantas Airways Limited, this Decision is not addressed to it.The Advisory Committee on restrictive practices and dominant positions issued a favourable opinion on 6 March 2017.

2.2.   Summary of the infringement

(9)

This Decision relates to a single and continuous infringement of Article 101 of the Treaty, Article 53 of the EEA Agreement and Article 8 of the Swiss Agreement, covering the EEA territory and Switzerland by which the addressees coordinated their pricing behaviour in the provision of airfreight services from, to, and within the EEA with respect to fuel surcharge (FSC), security surcharge (SSC) and the payment of commission on surcharges.

(10)

Pricing contacts between airlines providing airfreight services (‘carriers’) initially started in respect of the introduction of a FSC. Carriers then contacted each other regarding the application of the FSC mechanism, the introduction of new trigger points raising the level of FSC and regarding anticipated increases (or decreases) in FSC levels. These contacts started initially with a smaller group of carriers and spread to include all addressees of this Decision. They aimed to ensure that the airfreight carriers imposed a flat rate surcharge per kilo for all shipments and that increases (or decreases) were applied in full and in a coordinated way.

(11)

Cooperation spread to other areas without affecting the application of the FSC. Accordingly, carriers cooperated in the introduction and application of the SSC as well. Like the FSC, SSC was an element of the overall price.

(12)

Carriers extended their cooperation to refusing to pay commission to their customers (freight forwarders) on surcharges. By refusing to pay commission the carriers ensured that surcharges did not become subject to competition through the negotiation of discounts with customers.

(13)

The contacts were held in particular via bilateral phone calls. They also included bilateral and multilateral meetings and exchanges of emails. In some instances, meetings of the local Board of Airline Representatives associations were used to coordinate surcharges. Contacts occurred at both head office and local levels.

2.3.   Legal assessment, addressees and duration of participation in the infringement

(14)

Although there is only one cartel, the conduct infringed three legal bases — Article 101 of the TFEU, Article 53 of the EEA Agreement and Article 8 of the Swiss Agreement (2). The Commission finds the infringement and imposes fines for different time periods with regard to different routes.

(15)

For airfreight services on routes within the EEA, the Commission is competent to find an infringement and impose fines for the whole period of 1999-2006.

(16)

Before 1 May 2004, Council Regulation (EEC) No 3975/87 of 14 December 1987 laying down the procedure for the application of the rules on competition to undertakings in the air transport sector (3) granted the Commission implementing powers to apply Article 101 of the TFEU with respect to air transport between EU airports. Air transport between EU airports and airports in third countries was, however, excluded from the scope of that regulation. Under these circumstances, the Commission did not find an infringement or impose fines for conduct concerning air transport between EU airports and airports in third countries before 1 May 2004.

(17)

Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 became applicable for the implementation of the EEA Agreement by virtue of the Decision of the EEA Joint Committee No 130/2004 (4) and the Decision of the EEA Joint Committee No 40/2005 (5) which removed the exclusion of air transport between EEA airports and third countries from the scope of the provisions for the implementation of the EEA Agreement, in particular by amending Protocol 21. Decision No 130/2004 and Decision No 40/2005 entered into force on 19 May 2005 and from that date Council Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (6) and Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 became applicable in the framework of the EEA Agreement. Under these circumstances the Commission did not find an infringement or impose fines for conduct concerning routes between EEA countries that are not Member States of the EU and third countries before 19 May 2005.

(18)

Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 became applicable for the application of the Swiss Agreement by virtue of Decision No 1/2007 of the Joint Community/Switzerland Air Transport Committee (7) which incorporated the regulation into the annex to the agreement with effect from 5 December 2007. Prior to such incorporation of Regulation (EC) No 1/2003, the applicable implementing regulation was Regulation (EEC) No 3975/87, which had been incorporated into the annex of the agreement since its entry into force on 1 June 2002. Under these circumstances the Commission did not find an infringement or impose fines for conduct concerning routes between the EU and Switzerland before 1 June 2002. This Decision does not purport to find an infringement of Article 8 of the Swiss Agreement concerning airfreight services on routes between Switzerland and third countries.

(19)

As regards the duration of each addressee’s participation, the infringement covered the following periods:

I)

For airfreight services on routes between airports within the EEA:

a)

Air Canada from 21 September 2000 until 14 February 2006;

b)

Air France-KLM from 7 December 1999 until 14 February 2006;

c)

Société Air France from 7 December 1999 until 14 February 2006;

d)

Koninklijke Luchtvaartmaatschappij N.V. from 21 December 1999 until 14 February 2006;

e)

British Airways Plc from 22 January 2001 until 14 February 2006 excluding the period from 2 October 2001 to 14 February 2006 in relation to the fuel surcharge and the security surcharge;

f)

Cargolux Airlines International S.A. from 22 January 2001 until 14 February 2006;

g)

Cathay Pacific Airways Limited from 4 January 2000 until 14 February 2006;

h)

Japan Airlines Co., Ltd from 7 December 1999 until 14 February 2006;

i)

Latam Airlines Group, S.A. from 25 February 2003 until 14 February 2006;

j)

LAN Cargo S.A. from 25 February 2003 until 14 February 2006;

k)

Lufthansa Cargo AG from 14 December 1999 until 7 December 2005;

l)

Deutsche Lufthansa AG from 14 December 1999 until 7 December 2005;

m)

SWISS International Air Lines AG from 2 April 2002 to 7 December 2005;

n)

Martinair Holland N.V. from 22 January 2001 until 14 February 2006;

o)

SAS AB from 17 August 2001 until 14 February 2006;

p)

SAS Cargo Group A/S from 1 June 2001 until 14 February 2006;

q)

SCANDINAVIAN AIRLINES SYSTEM Denmark — Norway — Sweden from 13 December 1999 until 28 December 2003.

r)

Singapore Airlines Cargo Pte Ltd from 1 July 2001 until 14 February 2006;

s)

Singapore Airlines Limited from 4 January 2000 until 14 February 2006.

II)

For airfreight services on routes between airports within the European Union and airports outside the EEA:

a)

Air Canada from 1 May 2004 until 14 February 2006;

b)

Air France-KLM from 1 May 2004 until 14 February 2006;

c)

Société Air France from 1 May 2004 until 14 February 2006;

d)

Koninklijke Luchtvaartmaatschappij N.V. from 1 May 2004 until 14 February 2006;

e)

British Airways Plc from 1 May 2004 until 14 February 2006 excluding freight services performed other than from Hong Kong (China), Japan, India, Thailand, Singapore, South Korea and Brazil in relation to the fuel surcharge and the security surcharge;

f)

Cargolux Airlines International S.A. from 1 May 2004 until 14 February 2006;

g)

Cathay Pacific Airways Limited from 1 May 2004 until 14 February 2006;

h)

Japan Airlines Co., Ltd from 1 May 2004 until 14 February 2006;

i)

Latam Airlines Group, S.A. from 1 May 2004 until 14 February 2006

j)

LAN Cargo S.A. from 1 May 2004 until 14 February 2006

k)

Lufthansa Cargo AG from 1 May 2004 until 7 December 2005;

l)

Deutsche Lufthansa AG from 1 May 2004 until 7 December 2005;

m)

SWISS International Air Lines AG from 1 May 2004 until 7 December 2005;

n)

Martinair Holland N.V. from 1 May 2004 until 14 February 2006;

o)

SAS AB from 1 May 2004 until 14 February 2006;

p)

SAS Cargo Group A/S from 1 May 2004 until 14 February 2006;

q)

Singapore Airlines Cargo Pte Ltd from 1 May 2004 until 14 February 2006;

r)

Singapore Airlines Limited from 1 May 2004 until 14 February 2006.

III)

For airfreight services on routes between airports in countries that are Contracting Parties of the EEA Agreement but not Member States and third countries:

a)

Air Canada from 19 May 2005 until 14 February 2006;

b)

Air France-KLM from 19 May 2005 until 14 February 2006;

c)

Société Air France from 19 May 2005 until 14 February 2006;

d)

Koninklijke Luchtvaartmaatschappij N.V. from 19 May 2005 until 14 February 2006;

e)

British Airways Plc from 19 May 2005 until 14 February 2006 excluding freight services performed other than from Hong Kong (China), Japan, India, Thailand, Singapore, South Korea and Brazil in relation to the fuel surcharge and the security surcharge;

f)

Cargolux Airlines International S.A. from 19 May 2005 until 14 February 2006;

g)

Cathay Pacific Airways Limited from 19 May 2005 until 14 February 2006;

h)

Japan Airlines Co., Ltd from 19 May 2005 until 14 February 2006;

i)

Latam Airlines Group, S.A. from 19 May 2005 until 14 February 2006;

j)

LAN Cargo S.A. from 19 May 2005 until 14 February 2006;

k)

Lufthansa Cargo AG from 19 May 2005 until 7 December 2005;

l)

Deutsche Lufthansa AG from 19 May 2005 until 7 December 2005;

m)

SWISS International Air Lines AG from 19 May 2005 until 7 December 2005;

n)

Martinair Holland N.V. from 19 May 2005 until 14 February 2006;

o)

SAS AB from 19 May 2005 until 14 February 2006;

p)

SAS Cargo Group A/S from 19 May 2005 until 14 February 2006;

q)

Singapore Airlines Cargo Pte Ltd from 19 May 2005 until 14 February 2006;

r)

Singapore Airlines Limited from 19 May 2005 until 14 February 2006;

IV)

For airfreight services on routes between airports within the European Union and airports in Switzerland:

a)

Air Canada from 1 June 2002 until 14 February 2006;

b)

Air France-KLM from 1 June 2002 until 14 February 2006;

c)

Société Air France from 1 June 2002 until 14 February 2006;

d)

Koninklijke Luchtvaartmaatschappij N.V. from 1 June 2002 until 14 February 2006;

e)

British Airways Plc from 1 June 2002 until 14 February 2006 except in relation to the fuel surcharge and the security surcharge;

f)

Cargolux Airlines International S.A. from 1 June 2002 until 14 February 2006;

g)

Cathay Pacific Airways Limited from 1 June 2002 until 14 February 2006;

h)

Japan Airlines Co., Ltd from 1 June 2002 until 14 February 2006;

i)

Latam Airlines Group, S.A. from 25 February 2003 until 14 February 2006;

j)

LAN Cargo S.A. from 25 February 2003 until 14 February 2006;

k)

Lufthansa Cargo AG from 1 June 2002 until 7 December 2005;

l)

Deutsche Lufthansa AG from 1 June 2002 until 7 December 2005;

m)

SWISS International Air Lines AG from 1 June 2002 until 7 December 2005;

n)

Martinair Holland N.V. from 1 June 2002 until 14 February 2006;

o)

SAS AB from 1 June 2002 until 14 February 2006;

p)

SAS Cargo Group A/S from 1 June 2002 until 14 February 2006;

q)

SCANDINAVIAN AIRLINES SYSTEM Denmark — Norway — Sweden from 1 June 2002 until 28 December 2003;

r)

Singapore Airlines Cargo Pte Ltd from 1 June 2002 until 14 February 2006;

s)

Singapore Airlines Limited from 1 June 2002 until 14 February 2006.

2.4.   Remedies

2.4.1.   Basic Amount of the fine

(20)

The basic amount of the fine was determined as a proportion of the value of the sales of air freight services made by each undertaking in the relevant geographic area during 2005, the last full year prior to the end of the cartel, multiplied by the number of years of involvement of each undertaking in the infringement (variable amount), plus an additional amount, also calculated as a proportion of the value of sales, in order to deter undertakings from engaging in cartel conduct.

(21)

In order to calculate this basic amount, the Commission took into account the sales to which the infringement directly or indirectly relates, namely of airfreight services (i) between EEA airports, (ii) between airports in the EU and airports in third countries (8), (iii) between airports in the EEA (excluding EU airports) and airports in third countries and (iv) between airports in the EU and airports in Switzerland.

(22)

In respect of services provided between the EEA and third countries (points (ii) and (iii) above), whilst both inbound and outbound routes are relevant for calculating the value of sales it must be recognised for the purpose of determining the basic amount that part of the harm resulting from the cartel in respect of these EEA – third country routes (both inbound and outbound) is likely to fall outside the EEA (9). Therefore, an ad hoc reduction of 50 % to the basic amount of the fine with respect to these third country routes was applied in this Decision.

(23)

Taking into account in particular the nature of the infringement, which consisted of price-fixing agreements and practices, as well as the EEA-wide geographic scope of the cartel, both the variable amount and the additional amount were set at 16 %.

2.4.2.   Adjustments to the basic amount

2.4.2.1.   Aggravating circumstance

(24)

The Commission increased the fines for SAS by 50 % because this undertaking had already been fined once for prior cartel involvement (10).

2.4.2.2.   Mitigating circumstances

(25)

This Decision concludes that the carriers were authorised or encouraged to concert on prices with their direct competitors on certain routes by the regulatory approach of certain third country jurisdictions as well as the provisions of certain bilateral Air Service Agreements. This regulatory environment constitutes a mitigating circumstance which justifies a 15 % reduction for all addressees of this Decision.

(26)

The Decision also concludes that three undertakings, namely Air Canada, Latam and SAS, participated in the infringement to a limited degree. This is due to the fact that these participants operated on the periphery of the cartel, entered into a limited number of contacts with other carriers and were involved in fewer aspects of the cartel A reduction of 10 % was applied to these three undertakings.

2.4.3.   Application of the 10 % turnover limit

(27)

The fines on two undertakings would have exceeded the legal maximum of 10 % of their 2016 worldwide turnover, and were therefore reduced accordingly. Further, due to the procedural nature of the annulment of the 2010 Decision the Commission used its discretion to reduce the adjusted basic amount of the fine to 10 % of the worldwide turnover in 2009 when the worldwide turnover of an addressee in 2016 was higher than its worldwide turnover in 2009.

2.4.4.   Application of the 2002 Leniency Notice: reduction of fines

(28)

The Commission granted full immunity from the fine to Deutsche Lufthansa AG and its subsidiaries Lufthansa Cargo and SWISS and a reduction of the fine for cooperation under the 2002 Leniency Notice to Martinair (50 %), Japan Airlines (25 %), Air France and KLM (20 %), Cathay Pacific (20 %), Latam (20 %), Air Canada (15 %), Cargolux (15 %), SAS (15 %) and British Airways (10 %).

2.4.5.   Ability to pay

(29)

Finally, the Commission rejected a request for inability to pay the fine received under the Commission’s 2006 Guidelines on the setting of Fines. The undertaking concerned did not meet the conditions for a reduction.

3.   FINES

(30)

The following fines were imposed pursuant to Article 23(2) of Regulation (EC) No 1/2003:

a)

Air Canada: EUR 21 037 500;

b)

Air France-KLM and Société Air France jointly and severally: EUR 182 920 000;

c)

Koninklijke Luchtvaartmaatschappij N.V.: EUR 2 720 000;

d)

Koninklijke Luchtvaartmaatschappij N.V. and Air France-KLM jointly and severally: EUR 124 440 000;

e)

British Airways Plc: EUR 104 040 000;

f)

Cargolux Airlines International S.A.: EUR 79 900 000;

g)

Cathay Pacific Airways Ltd: EUR 57 120 000;

h)

Japan Airlines Co., Ltd: EUR 35 700 000;

i)

Latam Airlines Group, S.A. and LAN Cargo S.A. jointly and severally: EUR 8 220 000;

j)

Lufthansa Cargo AG and Deutsche Lufthansa AG jointly and severally: EUR 0;

k)

SWISS International Air Lines AG: EUR 0;

l)

SWISS International Air Lines AG and Deutsche Lufthansa AG jointly and severally: EUR 0;

m)

Martinair Holland N.V.: EUR 15 400 000;

n)

SCANDINAVIAN AIRLINE SYSTEM Denmark – Norway — Sweden: EUR 5 355 000;

o)

SAS Cargo Group A/S and SCANDINAVIAN AIRLINE SYSTEM Denmark – Norway — Sweden jointly and severally: EUR 4 254 250;

p)

SAS Cargo Group A/S, SCANDINAVIAN AIRLINE SYSTEM Denmark – Norway — Sweden and SAS AB jointly and severally: EUR 5 265 750;

q)

SAS Cargo Group A/S and SAS AB jointly and severally: EUR 32 984 250;

r)

SAS Cargo Group A/S: EUR 22 308 250;

s)

Singapore Airlines Cargo Pte Ltd and Singapore Airlines Limited jointly and severally: EUR 74 800 000.


(1)  OJ L 1, 4.1.2003, p. 1.

(2)  Agreement between the European Community and the Swiss Confederation on Air Transport.

(3)  OJ L 374, 31.12.1987, p. 1.

(4)  OJ L 64, 10.3.2005, p. 57.

(5)  OJ L 198, 28.7.2005, p. 38.

(6)  OJ L 68, 6.3.2004, p. 1.

(7)  Decision No 1/2007 of the Joint Community/Switzerland Air Transport Committee set up under the Agreement between the European Community and the Swiss Confederation on Air Transport of 5 December 2007 replacing the Annex to the Agreement between the European Community and the Swiss Confederation on Air Transport (OJ L 34, 8.2.2008, p. 19).

(8)  References in this summary to ‘third country’ or ‘third countries’ should be taken to exclude Switzerland.

(9)  This issue does not arise as concerns Switzerland where the Commission acts under the Swiss Agreement on behalf of both parties so all harm from the cartel on those routes is relevant.

(10)  Commission Decision 2001/716/EC of 18 July 2001 (OJ L 265, 5.10.2001, p. 15). The increase for recidivism was not applied to the parent company SAS AB as it was not in control of the infringing entity, Scandinavian Airlines System Denmark – Norway – Sweden, at the time of the preceding infringement.


V Announcements

PROCEDURES RELATING TO THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE COMMON COMMERCIAL POLICY

European Commission

14.6.2017   

EN

Official Journal of the European Union

C 188/20


Notice of the impending expiry of certain anti-subsidy measures

(2017/C 188/12)

1.   As provided for in Article 18(1) of Regulation (EU) 2016/1037 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 8 June 2016 on protection against subsidised imports from countries not members of the European Union (1), the Commission gives notice that, unless a review is initiated in accordance with the following procedure, the countervailing measures mentioned below will expire on the date mentioned in the table below.

2.   Procedure

Union producers may lodge a written request for a review. This request must contain sufficient evidence that the expiry of the measures would be likely to result in a continuation or recurrence of subsidisation and injury. Should the Commission decide to review the measures concerned, importers, exporters, representatives of the exporting country and Union producers will then be provided with the opportunity to amplify, rebut or comment on the matters set out in the review request.

3.   Time limit

Union producers may submit a written request for a review on the above basis, to reach the European Commission, Directorate-General for Trade (Unit H-1), CHAR 4/39, 1049 Brussels, Belgium (2) at any time from the date of the publication of the present notice but no later than three months before the date mentioned in the table below.

4.   This notice is published in accordance with Article 18(1) of Regulation (EU) 2016/1037.

Product

Country(ies) of origin or exportation

Measures

Reference

Date of expiry (3)

Organic coated steel products

The People’s Republic of China

Anti-subsidy duty

Council Implementing Regulation (EU) No 215/2013 imposing a countervailing duty on imports of certain organic coated steel products originating in the People’s Republic of China (OJ L 73, 15.3.2013, p. 16).

16.3.2018


(1)  OJ L 176, 30.6.2016, p. 55.

(2)  TRADE-Defence-Complaints@ec.europa.eu

(3)  The measure expires at midnight of the day mentioned in this column.


14.6.2017   

EN

Official Journal of the European Union

C 188/21


Notice of the impending expiry of certain anti-dumping measures

(2017/C 188/13)

1.   As provided for in Article 11(2) of Regulation (EU) 2016/1036 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 8 June 2016 on protection against dumped imports from countries not members of the European Union (1), the Commission gives notice that, unless a review is initiated in accordance with the following procedure, the anti-dumping measures mentioned below will expire on the date mentioned in the table below.

2.   Procedure

Union producers may lodge a written request for a review. This request must contain sufficient evidence that the expiry of the measures would be likely to result in a continuation or recurrence of dumping and injury. Should the Commission decide to review the measures concerned, importers, exporters, representatives of the exporting country and Union producers will then be provided with the opportunity to amplify, rebut or comment on the matters set out in the review request.

3.   Time limit

Union producers may submit a written request for a review on the above basis, to reach the European Commission, Directorate-General for Trade (Unit H-1), CHAR 4/39, 1049 Brussels, Belgium (2) at any time from the date of the publication of the present notice but no later than three months before the date mentioned in the table below.

4.   This notice is published in accordance with Article 11(2) of Regulation (EU) 2016/1036 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 8 June 2016 on protection against dumped imports from countries not members of the European Union.

Product

Country(ies) of origin or exportation

Measures

Reference

Date of expiry (3)

Aluminium foil in small rolls

The People’s Republic of China

Anti-dumping duty

Council Implementing Regulation (EU) No 217/2013 imposing a definitive anti-dumping duty and collecting definitively the provisional duty imposed on imports of certain aluminium foils in rolls originating in the People’s Republic of China (OJ L 69, 13.3.2013, p. 11).

14.3.2018


(1)  OJ L 176, 30.6.2016, p. 21.

(2)  TRADE-Defence-Complaints@ec.europa.eu

(3)  The measure expires at midnight of the day mentioned in this column.


PROCEDURES RELATING TO THE IMPLEMENTATION OF COMPETITION POLICY

European Commission

14.6.2017   

EN

Official Journal of the European Union

C 188/22


Prior notification of a concentration

(Case M.8519 — Santander/SAM)

Candidate case for simplified procedure

(Text with EEA relevance)

(2017/C 188/14)

1.

On June 6 2017, the Commission received notification of a proposed concentration pursuant to Article 4 of Council Regulation (EC) No 139/2004 (1) by which the undertaking Banco Santander, S.A. (‘Santander’, Spain) acquires within the meaning of Article 3(1)(b) of the Merger Regulation control of the whole of SAM Investment Holdings Limited (‘SAM’, UK), by way of purchase of shares..

2.

The business activities of the undertakings concerned are:

—   Santander: Retail banking, treasury, and insurance services in Spain, the United Kingdom, other European countries, and the Americas.

—   SAM: a joint venture between Warburg Pincus, General Atlantic, and Santander active in the asset management in Spain, the United Kingdom, Germany, Luxembourg and the Americas.

3.

On preliminary examination, the Commission finds that the notified transaction could fall within the scope of the Merger Regulation. However, the final decision on this point is reserved. Pursuant to the Commission Notice on a simplified procedure for treatment of certain concentrations under the Council Regulation (EC) No 139/2004 (2) it should be noted that this case is a candidate for treatment under the procedure set out in this Notice.

4.

The Commission invites interested third parties to submit their possible observations on the proposed operation to the Commission.

Observations must reach the Commission not later than 10 days following the date of this publication. Observations can be sent to the Commission by fax (+32 22964301), by email to COMP-MERGER-REGISTRY@ec.europa.eu or by post, under reference M.8519 — Santander/SAM, to the following address:

European Commission

Directorate-General for Competition

Merger Registry

1049 Bruxelles/Brussel

BELGIQUE/BELGIË


(1)  OJ L 24, 29.1.2004, p. 1 (the ‘Merger Regulation’).

(2)  OJ C 366, 14.12.2013, p. 5.


14.6.2017   

EN

Official Journal of the European Union

C 188/23


Prior notification of a concentration

(Case M.8515 — CPPIB/BPEA/Nord Anglia Education)

Candidate case for simplified procedure

(Text with EEA relevance)

(2017/C 188/15)

1.

On 6 June 2017, the Commission received notification of a proposed concentration pursuant to Article 4 of Council Regulation (EC) No 139/2004 (1) by which the undertakings Canada Pension Plan Investment Board (‘CPPIB’, Canada) and Baring Private Equity Asia (‘BPEA’, Singapore) acquire within the meaning of Article 3(1)(b) of the Merger Regulation joint control of the whole of the undertaking Nord Anglia Education, Inc (‘Nord Anglia’, Hong Kong) by way of purchase of shares.

2.

The business activities of the undertakings concerned are:

—   CPPIB: professional investment management in real estate, public equities, private equities, infrastructure and fixed income instruments

—   BPEA: independent alternative asset management in real estate, private equities and growth capital

—   Nord Anglia: premium school operator active in China, Europe, the Middle East, the U.S. and Southeast Asia

3.

On preliminary examination, the Commission finds that the notified transaction could fall within the scope of the Merger Regulation. However, the final decision on this point is reserved. Pursuant to the Commission Notice on a simplified procedure for treatment of certain concentrations under the Council Regulation (EC) No 139/2004 (2) it should be noted that this case is a candidate for treatment under the procedure set out in this Notice.

4.

The Commission invites interested third parties to submit their possible observations on the proposed operation to the Commission.

Observations must reach the Commission not later than 10 days following the date of this publication. Observations can be sent to the Commission by fax (+32 22964301), by email to COMP-MERGER-REGISTRY@ec.europa.eu or by post, under reference M.8515 — CPPIB/BPEA/Nord Anglia Education, to the following address:

European Commission

Directorate-General for Competition

Merger Registry

1049 Bruxelles/Brussel

BELGIQUE/BELGIË


(1)  OJ L 24, 29.1.2004, p. 1 (the ‘Merger Regulation’).

(2)  OJ C 366, 14.12.2013, p. 5.


14.6.2017   

EN

Official Journal of the European Union

C 188/24


Prior notification of a concentration

(Case M.8507 — GENUI/Summit/Sycamore/Market Logic Software)

Candidate case for simplified procedure

(Text with EEA relevance)

(2017/C 188/16)

1.

On 7 June 2017, the Commission received notification of a proposed concentration pursuant to Article 4 of Council Regulation (EC) No 139/2004 (1) by which the undertakings Genui GmbH (‘GENUI’, Germany), Summit Partners L.P. (‘Summit’, USA) and Sycamore GmbH (‘Sycamore’, Germany) acquire within the meaning of Article 3(1)(b) of the Merger Regulation joint control of the undertaking Market Logic Software AG (‘Market Logic Software’, Germany) by way of purchase of shares.

2.

The business activities of the undertakings concerned are:

—   for GENUI: an investment company that holds stakes in medium-sized companies in German-speaking countries,

—   for Summit: an international equity investment firm focused on investing in businesses in the sectors of technology, healthcare and life sciences, growth products and services to fund growth, recapitalisations and management buyouts,

—   for Sycamore: a private equity firm,

—   for Market Logic Software: a software company that develops and distributes marketing information systems.

3.

On preliminary examination, the Commission finds that the notified transaction could fall within the scope of the Merger Regulation. However, the final decision on this point is reserved. Pursuant to the Commission Notice on a simplified procedure for treatment of certain concentrations under the Council Regulation (EC) No 139/2004 (2) it should be noted that this case is a candidate for treatment under the procedure set out in this Notice.

4.

The Commission invites interested third parties to submit their possible observations on the proposed operation to the Commission.

Observations must reach the Commission not later than 10 days following the date of this publication. Observations can be sent to the Commission by fax (+32 22964301), by email to COMP-MERGER-REGISTRY@ec.europa.eu or by post, under reference M.8507 — GENUI/Summit/Sycamore/Market Logic Software, to the following address:

European Commission

Directorate-General for Competition

Merger Registry

1049 Bruxelles/Brussel

BELGIQUE/BELGIË


(1)  OJ L 24, 29.1.2004, p. 1 (the ‘Merger Regulation’).

(2)  OJ C 366, 14.12.2013, p. 5.


14.6.2017   

EN

Official Journal of the European Union

C 188/25


Prior notification of a concentration

(Case M.8439 — Wärtsilä/CSSC/JV)

Candidate case for simplified procedure

(Text with EEA relevance)

(2017/C 188/17)

1.

On 1 June 2017, the Commission received notification of a proposed concentration pursuant to Article 4 of Council Regulation (EC) No 139/2004 (1) by which the undertakings Wärtsilä Technology Oy Ab, controlled by Wärtsilä Corporation (‘Wärtsilä’, Finland), and CSSC Electronics Technology Co., Ltd, controlled by China State Shipbuilding Corporation (‘CSSC’, China), acquire within the meaning of Article 3(1)(b) and 3(4) of the Merger Regulation joint control of the undertaking CSSC Wärtsilä Electrical & Automation (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. (‘JV’, China) by way of a purchase of shares in a newly created company constituting a joint venture.

2.

The business activities of the undertakings concerned are:

—   for Wärtsilä: supply of complete lifecycle power solutions for the marine and energy markets,

—   for CSSC: shipbuilding and production of marine-related equipment, as well as non-marine related activities such as aerospace, construction, power generation and petrochemicals,

—   for JV: supply of marine electrical, automation and navigation systems in People’s Republic of China.

3.

On preliminary examination, the Commission finds that the notified transaction could fall within the scope of the Merger Regulation. However, the final decision on this point is reserved. Pursuant to the Commission Notice on a simplified procedure for treatment of certain concentrations under the Council Regulation (EC) No 139/2004 (2) it should be noted that this case is a candidate for treatment under the procedure set out in this Notice.

4.

The Commission invites interested third parties to submit their possible observations on the proposed operation to the Commission.

Observations must reach the Commission not later than 10 days following the date of this publication. Observations can be sent to the Commission by fax (+32 22964301), by email to COMP-MERGER-REGISTRY@ec.europa.eu or by post, under reference M.8439 — Wärtsilä/CSSC/JV, to the following address:

European Commission

Directorate-General for Competition

Merger Registry

1049 Bruxelles/Brussel

BELGIQUE/BELGIË


(1)  OJ L 24, 29.1.2004, p. 1 (the ‘Merger Regulation’).

(2)  OJ C 366, 14.12.2013, p. 5.


OTHER ACTS

European Commission

14.6.2017   

EN

Official Journal of the European Union

C 188/26


Publication of an application pursuant to Article 50(2)(a) of Regulation (EU) No 1151/2012 of the European Parliament and of the Council on quality schemes for agricultural products and foodstuffs

(2017/C 188/18)

This publication confers the right to oppose the application pursuant to Article 51 of Regulation (EU) No 1151/2012 of the European Parliament and of the Council (1).

SINGLE DOCUMENT

‘CAPÓN DE VILALBA’

EU No: ES-PGI-0005-01355 – 24.7.2015

PDO ( ) PGI ( X )

1.   Name

‘Capón de Vilalba’

2.   Member State or Third Country

Spain

3.   Description of the agricultural product or foodstuff

3.1.   Type of product

Class 1.1. Fresh meat (and offal)

3.2.   Description of product to which the name in 1 applies

The protected geographical indication ‘Capón de Vilalba’ applies to meat obtained from males of the species Gallus domesticus which have been surgically castrated before they reach sexual maturity. The birds are of the ‘Galiña de Mos’ breed or of different strains which share with this breed its hardiness, which allows them to be reared outdoors in the climatic conditions of the area. These strains, like the ‘Galiña de Mos’ breed, must be semi-heavy, with a slow growth rate and they must have a red-brown plumage.

The animals are slaughtered at a minimum age of 150 days, after a post-castration period of rearing and fattening of at least 77 days. Feeding, the final fattening stage, takes place in confined spaces for a minimum of 25 days. A special category has been established which is marketed during the Christmas period with the additional indication ‘Capón de Nadal’ — this applies to animals that are slaughtered at a minimum age of 210 days.

The carcass is pearlescent yellow in colour with a thin and supple skin. It must weigh at least 2,5 kg. This minimum weight shall rise to 4 kg in the particular case of the ‘Capón de Nadal’. The meat is characterised by its fine texture, succulence and tenderness. Its texture is fibrous and its fat, which is plentiful — especially in the ‘Capón de Nadal’ — is yellowish white in colour.

The ‘Capón de Vilalba’ shall be marketed in whole carcasses. However it may be marketed in cuts from the carcass, and in particular cutting at the point of sale shall be permitted, provided that an appropriate monitoring system has been set up to ensure traceability.

In the case of the ‘Capón de Nadal’, it shall be marketed in the traditional manner, that is with the head and feet present, and a small birch stick placed inside the carcass to keep the back as straight as possible, which facilitates the subsequent affixing of the fat; the wings are then folded upwards, so that they are resting on the back. Finally the fat or ‘ensunlla’ is also placed on the back, on both sides, and is held down with small sticks.

3.3.   Feed (for products of animal origin only) and raw materials (for processed products only)

The diet provided allows the animals to grow harmoniously and at a relatively slow pace. During the initial fattening stage, the diet of the birds is based on the use of the vegetation in the poultry yard, supplemented with maize, other cereals and other plant-based foods (kale, potato peelings, chestnuts, etc.) which typically come from the same farm. The diet may be supplemented with compound feed, which in all cases must have a cereal content of at least 70 %.

The feeding stage takes place in confined spaces, typically in cages called ‘capoeiras’. During this stage, the basic diet from the previous stage is supplemented with a paste called ‘amoado’, which is made of a mixture of maize meal and boiled potato, although the potato can be wholly or partially replaced with chestnuts.

3.4.   Specific steps in production that must take place in the identified geographical area

The birds must be reared — at least from the point of castration onwards — and fed, slaughtered and marked with the secondary label indicating the protected geographical indication, within the defined geographical area.

3.5.   Specific rules concerning slicing, grating, packaging, etc. of the product the registered name refers to

3.6.   Specific rules concerning labelling of the product the registered name refers to

Each sales item of capon meat marketed under the protected geographical indication ‘Capón de Vilalba’ must carry the specific label of the geographic indication (secondary label) with an alphanumeric code and sequential numbering, used under the supervision of the inspection body, as well as the official logo of the PGI, which is shown below:

Image

On both the label used by each operator and the specific secondary label of the geographical indication, the protected geographical indication ‘Capón de Vilalba’ must be mentioned. The label must also include the European protected geographical indications logo. The labels of ‘Capón de Nadal’ capons must also include the mention of this term.

4.   Concise definition of the geographical area

The geographical area of the protected geographical indication ‘Capón de Vilalba’ comprises the entirety of the region of ‘Terra Chá’, in the province of Lugo in the Autonomous Community of Galicia, which includes the following municipalities: Muras, Xermade, Vilalba, Abadín, A Pastoriza, Guitiriz, Begonte, Cospeito and Castro de Rei.

5.   Link with the geographical area

The registration of this geographical indication is based on certain specific characteristics of the product that are linked to the environment — with its natural and human factors — and also on its high reputation.

The defined geographical area is characterised by the existence of many small family-owned livestock farms where rearing capons has traditionally been a secondary activity intended to boost the farm's income. The damp climate, with mild summers and minimal temperature variations, favours the cultivation of crops which are a key feature in the capons' feed, especially pasture and cereals, and in particular maize. The cold period lasts from November to March, with average monthly temperatures of between 5 and 10 °C. It is a period which is avoided in traditional capon-rearing, which lasts from April/May to December, with the birds being kept indoors during this last month.

The small family-owned farms still use traditional methods for rearing and handling the birds, with a low density in the poultry house as well as in the poultry yard, where the animals spend a large part of their day, allowing them a great amount of exercise. These conditions also have a direct effect on the organoleptic characteristics of the meat.

The use of semi-heavy birds with a slow growth rate, and which are adapted to the environment and system used for rearing, is also a factor which influences the characteristics of the product.

In addition, the diet — based on cereals, with maize playing an important role — also contributes to the characteristics of the meat and to the yellowish colour of the carcass. The final feeding stage takes place in a more confined space and uses a specific diet in which the basic diet from the previous stage is supplemented with ‘amoado’ — made according to a local technique combining maize meal with boiled potato and/or boiled chestnuts. This is further proof of the special expertise of the local producers, which has a direct influence on the characteristics of the product. It is important to bear in mind that the area produces large amounts of maize, potatoes and chestnuts which, in conjunction with the grasses and legumes that make up the very pastures and meadows used by the birds, form the basis of their diet. Therefore, the majority of the raw materials used for the diet come from the region, if not from the same farm.

In short, the type of bird used, the way in which it is reared and the diet it is provided with are responsible for both the appearance of the carcass and the quality, succulence and tenderness of the meat. Several scientific studies have demonstrated the influence of this type of rearing and handling of the birds on the quality of the meat and its organoleptic properties. Thus, animals reared in these conditions have a redder meat, with a greater consistency, a higher protein content, and a more intense aroma.

The specific way in which the ‘Capón de Nadal’ is presented for marketing, as described in paragraph 3.2, is yet another example of the specificity of the product, which results from the expertise of the area's inhabitants.

The high reputation that these capons enjoy has made them worthy of the recognition imparted by its inclusion in the Inventario español de productos tradicionales (Spanish Inventory of Traditional Products) published by the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food in 1996.

This reputation dates back a long time. The earliest known reports of capons being reared and eaten in Galicia date from the Middle Ages; there are numerous documents dating from this period detailing meetings in which those present promised to pay part of their rent using capons. Even in much more recent times, reference can be found to the fact that this custom of using capons as payment has been preserved, which gives an idea of the high prestige that this product has held in the region throughout various periods of history.

Since the beginning of the 20th Century, there have been numerous publications that mention not only the ‘Capón de Vilalba’, but also the ‘Feria de Vilalba’, the fair at which the capon was traditionally sold. For example, references can be found in newspapers such as El Eco de Villalba which, in 1908, reported on the custom of paying taxes using capons, and El Regional which, in 1927, also contained references to the capon fairs held in Vilalba and the success they enjoyed.

There are numerous references by Galician writers to the customs and traditions related to this product, as well as quotations attesting to the quality of the capons from this region.

Manuel María, the region's greatest poet, provided us with a verse or two on the capon in his 1954 book Terra Chá, as well as texts about the Feria de Vilalba.

In his renowned book La Cocina Gallega (Galician Cuisine) (1973), the multi-talented Álvaro Cunqueiro, one of the greatest authors of Galician literature and a prestigious gourmet, provides an impassioned appreciation of capons reared in various municipalities of Terra Chá and sold at the Feria de Vilalba.

Another notable reference point for Galician culture, Ramón Otero Pedrayo alludes to the ‘Capones de Vilalba’ in the chronicle of his journey to San Andrés de Teixido (in his 1929 work Pelegrinaxes).

As has already been mentioned, the product and its reputation are closely related to the fair that takes place in Vilalba. Historical references to the existence of this fair date back almost two centuries, with notes appearing in town hall records from 1835. Average prices in that year are reported as being ‘10 reales for a pair’. An official record of prices from 1840 reveals that a pair of capons was valued at the same price as ‘a good clean ram’ (12 reales), and that capon markets were held not only at Christmas, but also in January and February, unlike today. From 1900 to 1947, the price of a pair of capons rose from 10 pesetas to 100 pesetas. In 1949 the value lay at 200 pesetas, and the price for a pair continued to rise gradually until 1974, when it was rumoured that a pair of capons had been sold for 8 000 pesetas — an unusual amount given that the average price at that time was between 4 000 pesetas and 6 000 pesetas. The average prices of capons sold at the fair in Vilalba over the last 10 years was between EUR 80 and EUR 120 per capon, and it is even usual to pay up to EUR 140 for a capon. For carcasses of around 5 kg, this means a price per kg of approximately EUR 20. This compares to a standard capon from another area which can cost around EUR 10 to 15 per kg. The Galician, and also Spanish media, contain plenty of information each year in the Christmas period about this fair and the prices paid, as can be confirmed by carrying out a search on the Internet. The numerous hits obtained when searching with the name of this product, and the high prices paid, are further proof of its current reputation.

Reference to publication of the specification

(second subparagraph of Article 6(1) of this Regulation)

http://mediorural.xunta.gal/fileadmin/arquivos/alimentacion/produtos_calidade/2017/Pliego_de_condiciones_CAPON_de_VILALBA_febrero_2017_C.pdf


(1)  OJ L 343, 14.12.2012, p. 1.