18.3.2008   

EN

Official Journal of the European Union

L 75/81

(1)

On 26 June 1997 the Council adopted the EU Programme for Preventing and Combating Illicit Trafficking in Conventional Arms, committing the EU and its Member States to take concerted action to assist other countries in preventing and combating the illicit trafficking of arms.

(2)

On 8 June 1998 the Council adopted the European Union Code of Conduct on Arms Exports which sets up eight criteria for the export of conventional arms, establishes a notification and consultation mechanism for denials and includes a transparency procedure through the publication of the EU annual reports on arms exports. Since its adoption, the Code has contributed significantly to the harmonisation of national arms export control policies and its principles and criteria have been officially subscribed to by various third countries.

(3)

Operative provision 11 of the European Union Code of Conduct on Arms Exports states that Member States will use their best endeavours to encourage other arms exporting States to subscribe to the Code's principles.

(4)

The European Security Strategy adopted by Heads of State and Government on 12 December 2003 enunciates five key challenges to be faced by the EU in the post-Cold War environment: terrorism, the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, regional conflicts, State failure and organised crime. The consequences of the uncontrolled circulation of conventional weapons are central to four of these five challenges. Indeed, the uncontrolled transfer of arms contributes to a worsening of terrorism and organised crime, and is a major factor in triggering and spreading conflicts, as well as in the collapse of State structures. In addition, the Strategy underlines the importance of export controls to contain proliferation.

(5)

The International Instrument to enable States to Identify and Trace, in a Timely and Reliable Manner, Illicit Small Arms and Light Weapons, adopted by the United Nations General Assembly on 8 December 2005 aims to enhance the effectiveness of, and complement, existing bilateral, regional and international agreements to prevent, combat and eradicate the illicit trade in small arms and light weapons in all its aspects.

(6)

The EU Strategy to combat illicit accumulation and trafficking of small arms and light weapons (SALW) and their ammunition, adopted by the European Council on 15 and 16 December 2005, provides that the EU should, at regional and international level, support the strengthening of export controls and the promotion of the criteria of the Code of Conduct on Arms Exports by, inter alia, helping third countries to draft national legislation on this and promoting measures to improve transparency.

(7)

On 6 December 2006 the United Nations General Assembly, with the support of all Member States of the European Union, adopted Resolution 61/89, entitled ‘Towards an arms trade treaty: establishing common international standards for the import, export and transfer of conventional arms’. In December 2006 and June and December 2007 the Council adopted conclusions underlining that it is important for the EU and Member States to play an active role and cooperate with other States and regional organisations in the process within the United Nations to establish common international standards for the import, export and transfer of conventional arms, which would be a major contribution to tackling the undesirable and irresponsible proliferation of conventional arms which undermines peace, security, development and full respect for human rights.

(8)

The action plans agreed between the EU and partner countries under the European Neighbourhood Policy contain either a direct reference to the EU Code of Conduct on Arms Exports or to the development of effective systems of national export controls,

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the European Security Strategy,

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the EU Strategy to combat illicit accumulation and trafficking of SALW and their ammunition,

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operative provision 11 of the European Code of Conduct on Arms Exports,

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the EU Programme for Preventing and Combating Illicit Trafficking in Conventional Arms,

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the International Instrument to enable States to Identify and Trace, in a Timely and Reliable Manner, Illicit Small Arms and Light Weapons,

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the action plans in the framework of the European Neighbourhood Policy, and

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the Council Conclusions on a International Arms Trade Treaty,

(a)

to promote the criteria and principles of the EU Code of Conduct on Arms Exports among third countries;

(b)

to assist third countries in drafting and implementing legislation to ensure effective control of arms exports;

(c)

to assist countries in the training of licensing officers to ensure adequate implementation and enforcement of arms export controls;

(d)

to assist countries in the elaboration of national reports on arms exports and the promotion of other forms of scrutiny in order to promote transparency and accountability of arms exports;

(e)

to encourage third countries to support the United Nations process aiming at the adoption of a legally binding international treaty establishing common standards for the global trade in conventional arms, and to assist in ensuring that they are in a position to comply with such possible common standards.

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the Slovenian Centre for European Perspective, acting on behalf of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Slovenia, with regard to the projects concerning the Western Balkans countries and Turkey,

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the Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs of the Republic of France, with regard to the project concerning North African and Mediterranean countries,

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the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Czech Republic, with regard to the projects concerning the Western Balkans countries and Ukraine,

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the Swedish Inspectorate of Strategic Products, acting on behalf of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Kingdom of Sweden, with regard to the project concerning Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia and Moldova.