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Document 52017XG0705(01)
EU Action Plan on Drugs 2017-2020
EU Action Plan on Drugs 2017-2020
EU Action Plan on Drugs 2017-2020
OJ C 215, 5.7.2017, p. 21–58
(BG, ES, CS, DA, DE, ET, EL, EN, FR, HR, IT, LV, LT, HU, MT, NL, PL, PT, RO, SK, SL, FI, SV)
5.7.2017 |
EN |
Official Journal of the European Union |
C 215/21 |
EU ACTION PLAN ON DRUGS 2017-2020
(2017/C 215/02)
CONTENTS
Introduction
1. |
Drug demand reduction |
2. |
Drug supply reduction |
3. |
Coordination |
4. |
International cooperation |
5. |
Information, research, monitoring and evaluation |
ANNEX I — 15 over-arching indicators for the EU Action Plan on Drugs 2017-2020
ANNEX II — Glossary of acronyms
Introduction
The use of illicit drugs and the misuse of drugs generally, is a major problem for individuals, families and communities across Europe. Apart from the health and social implications of drug misuse, the illicit drugs market constitutes a major element of criminal activity across European society and, indeed, on a global level.
In December 2012, the Council adopted the EU Drugs Strategy for 2013-2020. The Strategy aims to contribute to a reduction in drug demand and drug supply within the EU. It also aims to reduce the health and social risks and harms caused by drugs through a strategic approach that supports and complements national policies, that provides a framework for coordinated and joint actions and that forms the basis and political framework for EU external cooperation in this field. This will be achieved through an integrated, balanced and evidence-based approach.
The objectives of the Strategy are:
— |
to contribute to a measurable reduction of the demand for drugs, of drug dependence and of drug-related health and social risks and harms, |
— |
to contribute to a disruption of the illicit drugs market and a measurable reduction of the availability of illicit drugs, |
— |
to encourage coordination through active discourse and analysis of developments and challenges in the field of drugs at EU and international level, |
— |
to further strengthen dialogue and cooperation between the EU and third countries, international organisations and fora on drug issues, |
— |
to contribute to a better dissemination of monitoring, research and evaluation results and a better understanding of all aspects of the drugs phenomenon and of the impact of interventions in order to provide a sound and comprehensive evidence base for policies and actions. |
This EU Drugs Action Plan, like the EU Drugs Strategy, is based on the fundamental principles of EU law and it upholds the founding values of the Union — respect for human dignity, liberty, democracy, equality, solidarity, the rule of law and human rights. It is also based on the UN Conventions that provide the international legal framework to address, inter alia, the use of illicit drugs, as well as on the Universal Declaration on Human Rights.
The Plan sets out the Actions that will be implemented to achieve the objectives of the Strategy. Actions are set out under the two policy areas of the Strategy:
— |
drug demand reduction, and |
— |
drug supply reduction, |
and the three cross-cutting themes of the Strategy:
— |
coordination, |
— |
international cooperation, and |
— |
information, research, monitoring and evaluation. |
Actions are aligned to objectives of the EU Drugs Strategy 2013-2020. In drawing up the actions, account was taken of the need to be evidence-based, scientifically sound, realistic, time-bound, available and measurable with a clear EU relevance and added value. This Action Plan indicates timetables, responsible parties, indicators and data collection/assessment mechanisms.
Based on existing reporting mechanisms, a number of over-arching indicators are set out in Annex I. These facilitate the measurement of the overall effectiveness of this EU Drugs Action Plan and do not involve an additional reporting burden. A number of these are referenced, as appropriate, across the Plan. Furthermore, throughout the Plan, indicators are set out that draw on programme, evaluative and other data sources. Utilisation of these indicators is dependent on data collection processes in each Member State or at EU institution level.
In line with the Strategy stipulation that its detailed implementation should be set out in two consecutive Action Plans, the first Action Plan implementing the current drugs strategy was adopted in 2013 and expired in 2016. In 2016, an external mid-term assessment of the EU Drugs Strategy and the implementation of the EU Drugs Action Plan 2013-2016 was completed. The evaluation concluded that most of the actions foreseen in this Action Plan were concluded or in progress. The results of the evaluation also demonstrated the need for the second Action Plan to implement the EU Drugs Strategy 2013-2020, which should be the updated version of the EU Action Plan on Drugs 2013-2016. The EU Drugs Action Plan 2017-2020 as provided below takes into account the results of this evaluation and the major changes in drug situation and policies since the adoption of the last Action Plan.
1. Drug demand reduction
Contribute to a measurable reduction in the use of illicit drugs, in problem drug use, in drug dependence and in drug-related health and social harms as well as contributing to a delay in the onset of drug use
Objective |
Action |
Timetable |
Responsible party |
Indicator(s) |
Data collection/assessment mechanisms |
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Ongoing |
MS |
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EMCDDA Reporting/Reitox network national reporting package MS reporting on results of measures |
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Ongoing |
MS |
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EMCDDA Reporting MS reporting on results of measures |
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Ongoing |
MS EMCDDA |
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EMCDDA Best Practice portal COM Reporting MS Reporting Civil Society Forum on Drugs reporting |
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Ongoing |
MS COM EMCDDA |
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EMCDDA Reporting Eurobaro-meter surveys ESPAD HBSC/WHO Europe |
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2017-2020 |
MS Council WP (HDG Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices) EMA EMCDDA |
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MS Reporting EMCDDA Reporting EMA |
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Ongoing |
MS |
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EMCDDA Reporting/Reitox network national reporting package EMCDDA Best Practice Portal EU Drugs Strategy and Action Plan final evaluation MS Reporting |
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Ongoing |
MS |
MS data on:
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EMCDDA Reporting MS Reporting on results of services |
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Ongoing |
MS EMCDDA COM |
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EMCDDA Reporting/Reitox network national reporting package MS Reporting Civil Society Forum on Drugs Civil Society Forum on HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis and Tuberculosis |
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Ongoing |
MS |
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EMCDDA Reporting/Reitox network national reporting package MS Reporting on services |
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2017-2020 |
Council Council WP (HDG) MS COM EMCDDA |
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EMCDDA Best Practice Portal MS Reporting EU Drugs Strategy and Action Plan final evaluation |
2. Drug supply reduction
Contribute to a measurable reduction of the availability and supply of illicit drugs in the EU
Objective |
Action |
Timetable |
Responsible party |
Indicator(s) |
Data collection/assessment mechanisms |
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Ongoing |
MS Europol Eurojust Council WP (COSI) |
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Europol Reporting Eurojust Reporting EMCDDA Reporting EMPACT Driver Reports |
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2017 |
Council Council WP (COSI) Europol MS COM |
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EU SOCTA Multi-annual Strategic Plans (MASPs) Operational Plans EMPACT Driver Reports Europol Reporting |
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2017-2020 |
MS CEPOL Europol Council WP (COSI) COM |
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CEPOL Annual Report CEPOL Curricula EMPACT Driver Reports |
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Ongoing |
COM MS Europol Council WP (COSI) Regional Information-Sharing Platforms Regional Security-Sharing Platforms |
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Security/Information -sharing Platforms and Evaluation Reports EMCDDA Reporting EU SOCTA EMPACT Driver Reports Europol Reporting MAOC(N) (3) |
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Ongoing |
MS Europol COM Council WP (CUG COSI) |
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Reports from EU and MS Law Enforcement Agencies EMPACT Driver Reports Europol Reporting |
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Ongoing |
MS Europol Council WP (CCWP COSI) |
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EMPACT Driver Reports Europol Reporting Reports from the CCWP MS Reporting MAOC(N) Frontex |
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2017-2020 |
COM MS Council Council WP (HDG) EMCDDA Europol |
Extent of the implementation of the following indicators:
|
Overview of existing national drug supply data collection in MS EMCDDA Reporting Europol Reporting |
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2017-2020 |
Council COM MS Eurojust |
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Eurojust Reporting MS Reporting |
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2017-2020 |
COM Council Council WP (HDG) MS EMCDDA Europol EUROJUST |
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MS Reporting EMCDDA Reporting COM (EU measures) |
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Ongoing |
Council COM MS |
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Annual INCB Precursor report European Commission and EMCDDA reporting |
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Ongoing |
MS COM EMA Europol |
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Reports from the CCWP and CUG MS Reporting |
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2017-2020 |
MS Council WP (HDG DROIPEN) |
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EMCDDA Reporting/Reitox network national reporting package MS Reporting |
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2017-2020 |
Council COM Council WP (HDG COSI CCWP) MS Europol CEPOL EMCDDA EUROJUST |
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Interim Review of the EU Policy Cycle EMPACT Driver Reports Europol Reporting CEPOL Statistics/Annual Report EMCDDA Reporting MS Reporting Reports from EU Agencies COM |
3. Coordination
Member States and EU to effectively coordinate drugs policy
Objective |
Action |
Timetable |
Responsible party |
Indicator(s) |
Data collection/assessment mechanisms |
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Ongoing |
PRES Council EEAS Council WP (HDG) |
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Council Working Party (HDG) reporting Presidency Reporting |
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Biannually |
PRES MS |
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Presidency Reporting |
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PRES Council WP (HDG) MS COM EMCDDA Europol |
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Presidency Reporting |
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Ongoing |
PRES PRES Trio MS COM Council WP (HDG) EMCDDA Europol |
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Presidency Reporting |
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Ongoing |
EEAS COM Council WP (HDG) MS |
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Periodical reporting by EEAS and COM to the Council Working Party (HDG) Dublin Group |
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Annually 2017-2020 |
MS COM EEAS Council Council WP (HDG) |
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EMCDDA Reporting/Reitox network national reporting package COM Reporting EMCDDA Best Practice portal |
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Ongoing |
MS |
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EMCDDA Reporting/Reitox network national reporting package MS Reporting |
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Ongoing |
MS COM Council WP (HDG) PRES |
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Feedback from EU Civil Society Forum on Drugs and from Civil Society Representatives at MS and EU level MS Reporting Feedback from Scientific Community through the EMCDDA Scientific Committee |
4. International cooperation
Strengthen dialogue and cooperation between the EU and third countries and international organisations on drugs issues in a comprehensive and balanced manner
Objective |
Action |
Timetable |
Responsible party |
Indicator(s) |
Data collection/assessment mechanisms |
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Ongoing |
COM EEAS PRES Council WP (HDG) MS |
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EEAS Reporting |
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Ongoing |
COM MS EEAS |
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COM, EEAS and MS programming programme monitoring and evaluation reports |
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2017-2020 |
EEAS COM MS |
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EEAS and COM Reporting EU Delegations Dublin Group Reports |
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Ongoing |
MS COM EEAS |
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UNODC and INCB reports on drug policies in non-EU countries EU and MS Project and Programme Monitoring and Evaluation Reports UNDP Human Development Reports Dublin Group reporting on non-EU countries |
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Ongoing |
MS COM EEAS |
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WHO Reports Dublin Group reporting on non-EU countries EEAS, COM and MS exchanges on the policies of non-EU countries |
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Ongoing |
MS EEAS COM Europol |
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COM and MS Reporting Europol Reporting EEAS Reporting UNODC Annual World Drug Report |
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Ongoing |
PRES Trio COM EEAS MS |
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EEAS Reporting Implementation Reports of the relevant action plans where available |
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Ongoing |
Dublin Group COM EEAS MS |
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Dublin Group Reports |
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From 2017 |
COM EEAS MS |
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COM and EEAS Reporting MS Reporting Project and Programme Monitoring and Evaluation System and Reports |
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Ongoing |
COM COHOM/EEAS MS |
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EU Annual Report on Human Rights MS Reporting |
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Ongoing |
EEAS PRES MS COM Council Council WP (HDG) |
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EEAS Reporting Convergence Indicator 2019 review Outcome The Sustainable Development Goals annual reports |
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Ongoing |
Council EEAS COM PRES Council WP (HDG) EMCDDA |
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MS, EEAS, COM Reporting |
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Ongoing |
COM MS EMCDDA Europol Eurojust Frontex EEAS |
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EMCDDA Reporting Acceding countries, candidate countries and potential candidates reports |
5. Information, research, monitoring and evaluation
Contribute to a better understanding of all aspects of the drugs phenomenon and of the impact of measures in order to provide sound and comprehensive evidence for policies and actions
Objective |
Action |
Timetable |
Responsible party |
Indicator(s) |
Data collection/assessment mechanisms |
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2017-2020 |
MS COM |
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COM Reporting at annual research dialogue |
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2017-2020 |
COM EMCDDA |
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Research project reports EMCDDA Scientific Committee recommendations on research priorities Science Citation Index and similar bibliometric tools Strategic research agenda developed by ERANID |
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2017-2020 |
COM MS EMCDDA |
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EMCDDA Reporting/Reitox network national reporting package |
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2017-2020 |
MS Commission EU ATC EMCDDA Europol Frontex FRA EIGE Council WP (COSI COTER TWP HLWG) |
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MS reporting COM reporting EU agencies reporting (EMCDDA Europol Frontex and FRA in the framework of their regular reporting activities EIGE in the framework of their regular reporting activities FATF Risk Assessments |
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Ongoing |
EMCDDA Europol MS COM |
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EMCDDA Reporting MS Reporting Civil Society Forum on Drugs COM |
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2017-2020 |
MS EMCDDA CEPOL |
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MS Reporting CEPOL Annual Report EMCDDA Reporting/Reitox network national reporting package |
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Ongoing |
MS COM EMCDDA Europol ECDC EMA |
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EMCDDA Reporting EMA Reporting MS Reporting Harmonised data reports from EU bodies including EMCDDA EU SOCTA |
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Ongoing |
COM MS EMCDDA Europol |
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EMCDDA Reporting/Reitox network national reporting package EMCDDA-Europol Implementation Report Reports by laboratories and research institutes |
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2017-2020 |
COM MS EMCDDA |
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EMCDDA/Europol Reporting COM Reporting |
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Ongoing |
MS EMCDDA ECDC |
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Early Warning System reports EMCDDA Reporting/Reitox network national reporting package EMA Reporting |
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Ongoing |
MS EMCDDA COM |
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Web Dissemination including OpenAire, Cordis EMCDDA website EMCDDA Reporting/Reitox network national reporting package |
(1) Evidence-based should be read in this context as ‘based on available scientific evidence and experience’.
(2) Council conclusions on the implementation of the EU Action Plan on Drugs 2013-2016 regarding minimum quality standards in drug demand reduction in the European Union 11985/15.
(3) MAOC (N), based in Lisbon, is an initiative by seven EU Member countries: France, Ireland, Italy, Spain, Netherlands, Portugal and the UK, and is co-funded by the Internal Security Fund of the European Union. The Centre provides a forum for multi-lateral cooperation to suppress illicit drug trafficking by sea and air.
(4) Council conclusions on improving the monitoring of drug supply in the European Union 15 November 2013.
(5) Directive 2014/42/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council on the freezing and confiscation of instrumentalities and proceeds of crime in the European Union; Council Decision 2007/845/JHA concerning cooperation between Asset Recovery Offices of the Member States in the field of tracing and identification of proceeds of, or other property related to, crime; Council Framework Decision 2006/783/JHA on the application of the principle of mutual recognition to confiscation orders. Council Framework Decision 2003/577/JHA on the execution in the European Union of orders freezing property or evidence, Commission proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council on the mutual recognition of freezing and confiscation orders COM(2016) 819; Council Framework Decision 2005/212/JHA on confiscation of crime-related proceeds, instrumentalities and property; Council Framework Decision 2003/577/JHA on the execution in the European Union of orders freezing property or evidence.
(6) Directive (EU) 2015/849 of the European Parliament and of the Council on the prevention of the use of the financial system for the purposes of money laundering or terrorist financing, amending Regulation (EU) No 648/2012 of the European Parliament and of the Council, and repealing Directive 2005/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council and Commission Directive 2006/70/EC; Council Framework Decision 2001/500/JHA on money laundering, the identification, tracing, seizing and confiscation of instrumentalities and the proceeds of crime. Commission proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council on countering money laundering by criminal law COM(2016) 826. Regulation (EU) 2015/847 of the European Parliament and of the Council on information accompanying transfers of funds and repealing Regulation (EC) No 1781/2006; Regulation (EC) No 1889/2005 of the European Parliament and of the Council on controls of cash entering or leaving the Community. Commission proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council on controls on cash entering or leaving the Union and repealing Regulation (EC) No 1889/2005.
(7) Council Framework Decision 2004/757/JHA of 25 October 2004 laying down minimum provisions on the constituent elements of criminal acts and penalties in the field of illicit drug trafficking, as regards the definition of drug.
(8) Under Horizon 2020 (2014-2020), some EUR 27 million have already been allocated to projects addressing drug addiction and include behavioural research and neuroscience.
ANNEX I
15 over-arching indicators for the EU Action Plan on Drugs 2017-2020 (1)
1. |
Percentage of population who use drugs currently (within last month), used drugs recently (within last year), and who have ever used (lifetime use) by drug and age group (EMCDDA General Population Survey) |
2. |
Estimated trends in the prevalence of problem and injecting drug use (EMCDDA Problem Drug Use) |
3. |
Trends in drug induced deaths and mortality amongst drug users (according to national definitions) (EMCDDA Drug-related Deaths) |
4. |
Prevalence and incidence, among injecting drug users, of infectious diseases attributable to drug use, including HIV and viral Hepatitis, sexually transmittable diseases and tuberculosis (EMCDDA Drug-related Infectious Diseases) |
5. |
Trends in the age of first use of illicit drugs (European School Survey Project on Alcohol and Drugs (ESPAD), Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) and General Population Drug Use Survey (EMCDDA Key Epidemiological Indicator) |
6. |
Trends in numbers of people entering drug treatment (EMCDDA Treatment Demand) and the estimated total number of people in drug treatment (EMCDDA Treatment Demand and Health and Social Responses) |
7. |
Trends in number of and quantities of seized illicit drugs (EMCDDA Drug Seizures: cannabis incl. herbal cannabis, heroin, cocaine, crack cocaine, amphetamine, methamphetamine, ecstasy, LSD and other substances) |
8. |
Trends in retail price and purity of illicit drugs (EMCDDA Price and Purity: cannabis incl. herbal cannabis, heroin, cocaine, crack cocaine, amphetamine, methamphetamine, ecstasy, LSD, other substances and composition of drug tablets) |
9. |
Trends in the number of initial reports of drug law offences, by drug and type of offence (supply vs use/possession) (EMCDDA Drug Offences) |
10. |
Prevalence of drug use amongst prisoners (EMCDDA Drug Use in Prisons) |
11. |
Assessment of availability, coverage and quality of services and interventions in the areas of prevention, harm reduction, social integration and treatment. (EMCDDA Health and Social Responses) |
12. |
Evidence-based interventions on prevention, treatment, social integration and recovery and their expected impact on drug use prevalence and problem drug use (EMCDDA Best Practice Portal) |
13. |
Strong dialogue and cooperation, in the drugs related field, with other regions, third countries, international organisations and other parties (EEAS reporting) |
14. |
Developments in national drug strategies, evaluations, legislation, coordination mechanisms and public expenditure estimates in EU Member States (EMCDDA) |
15. |
Early Warning System on new psychoactive substances (EMCDDA/Europol) and Risk Assessment on new psychoactive substances (EMCDDA) |
(1) These indicators are based on existing reporting systems that pre-date the objectives of the current EU drug strategy and action plan, but provide the most comprehensive set of EU-level resources to support their monitoring and evaluation.
ANNEX II
Glossary of acronyms
CCWP |
Council of the EU — Customs Cooperation Working Party |
CELAC |
Comunidad de Estados Latinoamericanos y Caribeños (Community of Latin American and Caribbean States) |
CEPOL |
European Police College |
CND |
Commission on Narcotic Drugs (UN) |
COAFR |
Council of the EU — Africa Working Party |
COASI |
Council of the EU — Asia-Oceania Working Party |
COEST |
Council of the EU — Working Party on Eastern Europe and Central Asia |
COHOM |
Council of the EU — Working Party on Human Rights |
COLAC |
Council of the EU — Working Party on Latin America |
COM |
European Commission |
CONUN |
Council of the EU — United Nations Working Party |
COSCE |
Council of the EU — Working Party on OSCE and the Council of Europe |
COSI |
Council of the EU — Standing Committee on Operational Cooperation on Internal Security |
COTRA |
Council of the EU — Working Party on Transatlantic Relations (Canada and the USA) |
Council WP |
Council Working Party |
COTER |
Council of the EU — Working Party on Terrorism (International Aspects) |
COWEB |
Council of the EU — Working Party on the Western Balkans Region |
CUG |
Council of the EU — Customs Union Group |
DROIPEN |
Council of the EU — Working Party on Substantive Criminal Law |
ECDC |
European Centre for Disease Control |
EEAS |
European Union External Action Service |
EMA |
European Medicines Agency |
EMCDDA |
European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction |
EMPACT |
European Multidisciplinary Platform against Criminal Threats |
ENFSI |
European Network of Forensic Science Institutes |
ERA-net |
European Research Area — Network |
ERANID |
European Research Area Network on Illicit Drugs |
ESPAD |
European School Survey Project on Alcohol and Drugs |
EU |
European Union |
EUROJUST |
European Judicial Cooperation Unit |
EUROPOL |
European Union Agency for Law Enforcement Cooperation |
EU SOCTA |
EU Serious and Organised Crime Threat Assessment |
Frontex |
European Agency for the Management of Operational Cooperation at the External Borders of the Member States of the European Union |
HBSC |
Health Behaviour in School Aged Children survey |
HCV |
Hepatitis C virus |
HDG |
Council of the EU — Horizontal Working Party on Drugs |
HIV |
Human immunodeficiency virus |
HLWG |
Council of the EU — High-Level Working Group on Asylum and Migration |
INCB |
International Narcotics Control Board (UN) |
JHA |
Justice and Home Affairs |
LGBTI |
Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender/Transsexual and Intersexed |
LSD |
Lysergic acid diethylamide |
MAOC (N) |
The Maritime Analysis and Operations Centre |
MASPs |
Multiannual Strategic Plans (Europol) |
MOU |
Memorandum of Understanding |
MS |
Member State |
NPS |
New psychoactive substances |
PEN |
UNODC/INCB developed Pre-Export Notification Online System |
PICS |
Precursors Incident Communication System |
PRES |
Rotating Presidency of the Council of the European Union |
PRES Trio |
Grouping of three consecutive rotating Presidencies of the Council of the European Union |
Reitox |
Réseau Européen d’Information sur les Drogues et les Toxicomanies |
SOCTA |
Serious and Organised Crime Threat Assessment |
TWP |
Council of the EU — Working Party on Terrorism |
UN |
United Nations |
UNAIDS |
Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS |
UNGASS |
United Nations General Assembly Special Session |
UNODC |
United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime |
UNDP |
United Nations Development Programme |
WHO |
World Health Organisation (UN) |