[pic] | COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES |

[pic] | KOMISIJA EVROPSKIH SKUPNOSTI |

Brussels, 22.9.2006

Bruselj, 22.9.2006

COM(2006) 232 final

COM(2006) 232 konč.

2006/0086 (COD)

Proposal for a

Predlog

DIRECTIVE OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL

DIREKTIVA EVROPSKEGA PARLAMENTA IN SVETA

establishing a framework for the protection of soil and amending Directive 2004/35/EC

o določitvi okvira za varstvo tal in spremembi Direktive 2004/35/ES

(presented by the Commission)

(predložila Komisija)

EXPLANATORY MEMORANDUM

OBRAZLOŽITVENI MEMORANDUM

CONTEXT OF THE PROPOSAL |

OZADJE PREDLOGA |

110 | Grounds for and objectives of the proposal Soil is essentially a non-renewable resource and a very dynamic system which performs many functions and delivers services vital to human activities and ecosystems survival. Information available suggests that, over recent decades, there has been a significant increase of soil degradation processes, and there is evidence that they will further increase if no action is taken. Though soil protection provisions exist in the Community acquis, there is no specific Community legislation on soil protection. The current proposal aims at filling this gap and has the objective of establishing a common strategy for the protection and sustainable use of soil based on the principles of integration of soil concerns into other policies, preservation of soil functions within the context of sustainable use, prevention of threats to soil and mitigation of their effects, as well as restoration of degraded soils to a level of functionality consistent at least with the current and approved future use. |

110 | Razlogi za predlog in njegovi cilji Tla so v bistvu neobnovljiv vir in zelo dinamičen sistem, ki opravlja veliko funkcij, ki so za človeške dejavnosti in preživetje ekosistema odločilnega pomena. Podatki, ki jih imamo na voljo, kažejo, da je degradacija tal v zadnjih desetletjih napredovala in da se bo brez ustreznih ukrepov nadaljevala tudi v prihodnje. Kljub temu, da pravni red Skupnosti vsebuje določbe za varstvo tal, posebne zakonodaje Skupnosti za varstvo tal ni. Cilj tega predloga je zato zapolniti te vrzeli in določiti skupno strategijo za zaščito in trajnostno rabo tal, ki si prizadeva skrb za tla vključiti v ostale politike, ohraniti funkcije tal v okviru trajnostne rabe, preprečiti ogroženost tal, ublažiti negativne vplive in obnoviti degradirana tla do take stopnje funkcionalnosti, ki ustreza sedanji in predvideni rabi. |

120 | General context Soil is under increasing environmental pressure across the Community, driven or exacerbated by human activity, such as inappropriate agricultural and forestry practices, industrial activities, tourism or urban development. These activities are damaging the capacity of soil to continue to perform in full its broad variety of crucial functions. Soil is a resource of common interest to the Community, although mainly private owned, and failure to protect it will undermine sustainability and long term competitiveness in Europe. Moreover, soil degradation has strong impacts on other areas of common interest to the Community, such as water, human health, climate change, nature and biodiversity protection, and food safety. Decision No 1600/2002/EC laying down the Sixth Community Environment Action Programme includes the objective to protect natural resources and to promote a sustainable use of the soil. Therein the Community committed itself to the adoption of a Thematic Strategy on soil protection to halt and reverse soil degradation. In its 2002 Communication "Towards a Thematic Strategy on Soil Protection" (COM(2002) 179), the Commission identified the main eight threats to which soils in the EU are confronted. These are erosion, organic matter decline, contamination, salinisation, compaction, soil biodiversity loss, sealing, landslides and flooding. |

120 | Splošno ozadje Tla v Skupnosti so izpostavljena vedno večjim obremenitvam okolja, ki jih povzročajo ali povečujejo človeške dejavnosti, kot so neustrezna kmetijska in gozdarska praksa, industrijske dejavnosti, turizem in razvoj mest. Te dejavnosti zmanjšujejo sposobnost tal, da v celoti izvaja številne pomembne funkcije. Kljub temu, da so tla v veliki meri v zasebni lasti, so vir skupnega interesa Skupnosti. Če ne bodo ustrezno zaščitena, bo to spodkopalo trajnostni razvoj in dolgoročno konkurenčnost v Evropi. Degradacija tal močno vpliva tudi na ostala področja, ki so v skupnem interesu Skupnosti, kot so voda, zdravje ljudi, podnebne spremembe, varovanje narave, biološka raznovrstnost in varnost živil. Cilj Sklepa št. 1600/2002/ES o šestem okoljskem akcijskem programu Skupnosti je zaščititi naravne vire in pospešiti trajnostno rabo tal. V tem sklepu se je Skupnost zavezala, da bo sprejela tematsko strategijo za varstvo tal in tako zavrla ali odstranila posledice degradacije tal. V sporočilu „Razvoj tematske strategije za varstvo tal“ (COM(2002) 179) iz leta 2002 je Komisija opredelila osem glavnih nevarnosti, ki ogrožajo tla v EU. Te so erozija, zmanjšanje količine organskih snovi, onesnaževanje, zasoljevanje, zbijanje tal, zmanjšanje biološke raznovrstnosti, pozidava, zemeljski usadi in poplave. |

130 | Existing provisions in the area of the proposal Soil has not, to date, been subject to a specific protection policy at Community level. Some soil protection aspects can be found scattered in the acquis, hence different Community policies can contribute to protect soil. This is the case of many provisions in the existing environmental Community legislation in areas such as water, waste, chemicals, industrial pollution prevention, nature protection and pesticides. Positive effects on the state of agricultural soils are also expected to result from the introduction of cross-compliance requirements related to the introduction of agricultural soil protection aspects into the reformed Common Agricultural Policy and from the contribution of Rural Development. However, due to their different objectives and scopes, and to the fact that they often aim to safeguard other environmental media, existing provisions, even if fully implemented, yield a fragmented and incomplete protection to soil, as they do not cover all soils and all soil threats identified. Hence, soil degradation still continues. |

130 | Obstoječe določbe na tem področju Na ravni Skupnosti do sedaj ni posebne politike za varstvo tal. Nekateri vidiki varstva tal pa so kljub temu razdrobljeno zajeti v pravnem redu, zato lahko različne politike Skupnosti prispevajo k varstvu tal. To velja za številne določbe obstoječe okoljske zakonodaje Skupnosti na področjih, kot so voda, odpadki, kemikalije, preprečevanje industrijskega onesnaževanja, varstvo narave in pesticidi. Uvedba določb navzkrižne skladnosti za varstvo kmetijskih zemljišč v reformirano Skupno kmetijsko politiko bo po vsej verjetnosti pozitivno vplivala na stanje kmetijskih zemljišč in prispevala k razvoju podeželja. Vendar pa zaradi različnih ciljev ali področij uporabe ter zaradi dejstva, da so večinoma usmerjene v varovanje ostalih okoljskih medijev, omogočajo obstoječe določbe, četudi se v celoti izvajajo, le delno in pomanjkljivo varovanje tal, saj ne zajemajo vseh tal in vseh ugotovljenih nevarnosti, ki jih ogrožajo. Zato se degradacija tal nadaljuje. |

140 | Consistency with the other policies and objectives of the Union The proposed legislation, which aims at protecting soil and the preservation of the capacity of soil to perform its environmental, economic, social and cultural functions, is perfectly in line with the objectives of Article 174 of the EC Treaty. It takes account of the diversity of situations in the various regions of the Community. It is based on the precautionary principle and on the principles that preventive action should be taken, that environmental damage should as a priority be rectified at source and that the polluter should pay. It has been based on an analysis of the potential benefits and costs of action or lack of action as well as the respect of the economic and social development of the Community as a whole and the balanced development of its regions. |

140 | Skladnost z ostalimi politikami in cilji Skupnosti Predlagana zakonodaja, katere cilj je varstvo in ohranjanje sposobnosti tal za opravljanje okoljskih, ekonomskih, družbenih in kulturnih funkcij, je v celoti v skladu s cilji člena 174 Pogodbe ES. Upošteva raznolikost v različnih regijah Skupnosti. Temelji na previdnostnem načelu in načelih previdnostnega ukrepanja, po katerih je treba okoljsko škodo odpraviti predvsem pri izviru, onesnaževalci pa morajo plačati. Temelji na analizi morebitnih prednosti in stroškov ukrepanja ali neukrepanja ter upošteva gospodarski in družbeni razvoj Skupnosti kot celote in enakomeren razvoj regij. |

CONSULTATION OF INTERESTED PARTIES AND IMPACT ASSESSMENT |

POSVETOVANJE Z ZAINTERESIRANIMI STRANMI IN PRESOJA VPLIVOV |

Consultation of interested parties |

Posvetovanje z zainteresiranimi stranmi |

211 | Consultation methods, main sectors targeted and general profile of respondents The 2002 Communication was the subject of favourable conclusions by the other European Institutions which recognised that soil has a major role with respect to long term sustainability in the Community. Starting February 2003 the Commission organised an open stakeholder consultation and established a very wide platform of more than 400 members divided in five Working Groups and an Advisory Forum with a steering role. In June 2004, the Working Groups finished their very thorough reports which included information on the state of soils in Europe, the pressures, the driving forces for soil degradation and a set of recommendations addressed to the Commission for the development of soil policy at Community level. In November 2004, the Dutch Presidency of the Council and the Commission held a conference gathering Member States and participants of the stakeholder process who expressed strong support for a framework approach based on Community action. The Commission carried out an Internet public consultation on possible elements to be included in the Thematic Strategy for Soil Protection for a period of eight weeks. The consultation gathered the replies of 1,206 citizens, 377 soil experts and 287 organisations coming from 25 countries. |

211 | Metode posvetovanja, glavni ciljni sektorji in splošni profil anketirancev Sporočilo Komisije iz leta 2002 so podprle tudi ostale evropske institucije, ki priznavajo poglavitno vlogo tal pri trajnostnem razvoju v Skupnosti. Februarja leta 2003 je Komisija organizirala odprto posvetovanje z zainteresiranimi stranmi in ustanovila široko platformo z več kot 400 člani, razdeljenimi v 5 delovnih skupin, in svetovalni forum, ki je imel vodilno vlogo. Junija leta 2004 so delovne skupine svoje delo končale in predložile zelo obširna poročila, ki so jih naslovile na Komisijo in ki zajemajo podatke o stanju tal v Evropi, njihovih obremenitvah, gonilnih silah degradacije in vrsto priporočil za razvoj politike tal na ravni Skupnosti. Novembra leta 2004 sta nizozemsko predsedstvo Sveta in Komisija organizirala konferenco, na kateri so bile zastopane države članice in udeleženci posvetovanja z zainteresiranimi stranmi, ki so izrazili močno podporo okvirnemu pristopu po načelih Skupnosti. Komisija je v osmih tednih izvedla javno internetno posvetovanje o morebitnih elementih, ki bi jih bilo treba vključiti v tematsko strategijo za varstvo tal. Razprave se je udeležilo 1206 državljanov, 377 strokovnjakov za tla in 287 ustanov iz 25 držav. |

212 | Summary of responses and how they have been taken into account European citizens as well as soil experts and organisations majoritarily expressed the view that preventing and mitigating soil degradation in Europe is important or very important, favoured action taken under the form of a framework adopted at Community level and concrete measures adopted at national or local level. A comprehensive report on the statistical analysis of all questions, showing also the nationality distribution of respondents, and how the feedback has been taken into account is provided in the Impact Assessment. Most of the recommendations from the Working Groups as well as concerns expressed in the Internet consultation have been taken on board. Abundant calls for mandatory restrictions on urban and touristic developments have not been endorsed as the Community has limited competences on restricting land use. |

212 | Povzetek odmevov in njihovo upoštevanje Evropski državljani in strokovnjaki za tla so v glavnem izrazili mnenje, da je preprečevanje in ublažitev degradacije tal v Evropi pomembno ali zelo pomembno ter se zavzeli za ukrepe iz okvira, sprejetega na ravni Skupnosti, in sprejetje ukrepov na nacionalni ali lokalni ravni. Obširno poročilo o statistični analizi vseh vprašanj, ki prikazuje nacionalno pripadnost anketirancev in kako so bile upoštevane povratne informacije, najdete v presoji vpliva. Upoštevana je bila večina predlogov delovnih skupin in pomislekov, ki so bila izražena med internetnim posvetovanjem. Številni pozivi k obveznim omejitvam pri razvoju mest in turizma niso bili upoštevani, saj so pristojnosti Skupnost pri omejevanju rabe zemljišč omejene. |

Collection and use of expertise |

Pridobivanje in uporaba strokovnega znanja |

221 | Domains of scientific expertise concerned Soil science, agronomical science, forestry, hydrology, biology, ecology, economy, social science, political science. |

221 | Zadevna področja strokovnega znanja Pedologija, agronomija, gozdarstvo, hidrologija, biologija, ekologija, ekonomija, družboslovne in politične vede. |

222 | Methodology used The proposal is based on the best available scientific and technical knowledge. Such expertise has been gathered through the very comprehensive stakeholder consultation and by contracting two independent studies to assess the socio-economical and environmental impacts of soil degradation as well as the environmental and socio-economical impacts of the measures proposed. The reports drafted by the Working Groups and published by the Commission, this proposal as well as the Impact Assessment reflect fully the results of this collection of expertise. |

222 | Uporabljena metodologija Predlog temelji na najboljših razpoložljivih znanstvenih in tehničnih spoznanjih. Ta so bila zbrana med obsežnim posvetovanjem z zainteresiranimi stranmi in z dvema neodvisnima študijama, ki sta ocenili družbeno-gospodarske in okoljske vplive degradacije tal ter družbeno-ekonomske in okoljske vplive predlaganih ukrepov. Rezultati tega zbranega znanja so zajeti v poročilih, ki jih je sestavila delovna skupina in objavila Komisija, tem predlogu in presoji vplivov. |

223 | Main organisations/experts consulted The consultation included national, regional and local administrations, industrial associations, trade organisations, environmental organisations, consumer organisations, science and research institutes, the European Environment Agency, the Joint Research Centre and other Commission services, unions, farmer organisations, land owner organisations as well as many other associations which had European coverage and expressed an interest in soil. |

223 | Glavne organizacije in strokovnjaki, ki so dali svoje mnenje Razprava je vključevala nacionalne, regionalne in lokalne uprave, industrijska in poklicna združenja, okoljske organizacije, potrošniške organizacije, znanstvene in raziskovalne inštitute, Evropsko agencijo za okolje, Skupno raziskovalno središče in ostale službe Komisije, sindikate, kmečke zveze, združenja lastnikov zemljišč, kakor tudi ostala združenja, ki so evropsko obarvana in se zanimajo za tla. |

2244 | Summary of advice received and used The existence of potentially serious risks with irreversible consequences has been mentioned. There is unanimity on the existence of such risks. |

2244 | Povzetek prejetih in upoštevanih mnenj Udeleženci so opozorili na morebitne resne nevarnosti z nepopravljivimi posledicami. Obstoj takih nevarnosti je bil soglasno potrjen. |

225 | There was unanimous consensus that soil shall be guaranteed the same level of protection as provided to other environmental media, such as air or water, because soil functions are crucial for human and ecosystem survival. It was always highlighted that due to the enormous variability of soil across Europe, a "one-fits-all" approach could not be adopted as the basis for Community soil policy. Most expressed opinions advocated for a flexible system which would allow local specificities of soil and land use to be taken into account. Hence, there was a broad consensus that a framework should be adopted at European level establishing common objectives and principles, leaving to Member States the adoption of detailed measures at the appropriate administrative and geographical level. |

225 | Soglasno je bilo potrjeno, da je treba tlem zagotoviti enako stopnjo zaščite, kot jo imajo ostali okoljski mediji, kot sta voda in zrak, saj so funkcije tal odločilne za preživetje človeka in ekosistema. Poudarjeno je bilo, da zaradi ogromne raznolikosti tal v Evropi politika tal Skupnosti ne more temeljiti na enostranskem pristopu. Večina je zagovarjala prilagodljiv sistem, ki bi upošteval lokalne posebnosti tal in rabo tal. Zato je bilo doseženo tudi splošno soglasje, da je treba na evropski ravni sprejeti okvir, ki določa skupne cilje in načela, pri čemer je državam članicam prepuščeno sprejetje podrobnih ukrepov na ustrezni upravni in zemljepisni ravni. |

226 | Means used to make the expert advice publicly available The reports drafted by the Working Groups have been published by the OPOCE and are available free of charge also on Internet (http://ec.europa.eu/comm/environment/ soil/index.htm). The same web site displays the replies to the public questionnaire from experts and organisations. |

226 | Možnosti javnega dostopa do strokovnega znanja Poročila, ki so jih sestavile delovne skupine, je objavil OPOCE in so brezplačno na voljo tudi na internetu (http://ec.europa.eu./comm/environment/ soil/index.htm). Na tej strani so objavljeni tudi odgovori strokovnjakov in organizacij na javni vprašalnik. |

230 | Impact assessment The following options, from less to more prescriptive, have been considered: (1) Member States are encouraged to take action under a general non-binding Community soil strategy. (2) A flexible legal instrument which would take the form of a Soil Framework Directive, ambitious in its scope but not overly prescriptive in its content. (3) Legislative proposals for the different soil threats, setting also all targets and means at Community level. |

230 | Presoja vpliva Preučene so bile naslednje možnosti, ki si sledijo od manj do bolj predpisujoče: (1) Države članice se vzpodbuja k ukrepanju na podlagi splošne nezavezujoče strategije tal Skupnosti. (2) Prilagodljiv pravni instrument v obliki okvirne direktive o tleh, ki ima zahtevne cilje, vendar vsebinsko ni pretirano predpisujoča. (3) Zakonodajni predlogi za različne nevarnosti za tla, v katerih so opredeljeni vsi cilji in sredstva na ravni Skupnosti. |

231 | The Commission carried out an Impact Assessment, which is accessible on http:// ec.europa.eu/comm/environment/soil/index.htm. It sets out in more detail the findings as regards the socio-economic and environmental impacts due to this proposal. |

231 | Presoja vplivov, ki jo je izvedla Komisija, je na voljo na http:// ec.europa.eu/comm/environment/soil/index.htm. Podrobno navaja ugotovitve o družbeno-gospodarskih in okoljskih vplivih tega predloga. |

LEGAL ELEMENTS OF THE PROPOSAL |

PRAVNI ELEMENTI PREDLOGA |

305 | Summary of the proposed action The proposed Directive includes: The establishment of a common framework to protect soil on the basis of the principles of preservation of soil functions, prevention of soil degradation, mitigation of its effects, restoration of degraded soils and integration in other sectoral policies. The requirement to identify, describe and assess the impact of some sectoral policies on soil degradation processes with a view to protect soil functions. The requirement for land users to take precautionary measures when their use of the soil can be expected to significantly hamper soil functions. An approach to soil sealing to ensure a more rational use of land in accordance with Article 174 of the EC Treaty and to maintain as many soil functions as possible. Identification of areas at risk of erosion, organic matter decline, salinisation, compaction and landslides, and establishment of national programmes of measures. The extent of the areas at risk of these threats need to be identified. To ensure a coherent and comparable approach, the identification of risk must be carried out on the basis of common elements. These elements include parameters which are known to be driving forces for the different threat. Risk reduction targets and programmes of measures to reach those targets will have to be adopted. Programmes can build on standards and measures already identified and implemented in national and Community contexts. Measures to limit the introduction of dangerous substances into the soil, to avoid accumulation in soil that would hamper soil functions and create a risk to human health and the environment. Setting up an inventory of contaminated sites, a mechanism for funding the remediation of orphan sites, a soil status report, and establishing a national strategy for remediation of the contaminated sites identified. The definition of contaminated sites and a list of potentially soil polluting activities are established. These are the basis for locating the sites which can potentially be contaminated, as a preliminary step to the establishment of an inventory of effectively contaminated sites. This would be complemented by the obligation for seller or prospective buyer to provide a soil status report for any transaction of land where a potentially contaminating activity has taken or is taking place. A similar provision, concerning the energy performance of buildings, already exists in Community legislation (see Article 7 in Directive 2002/91/EC). |

305 | Povzetek predlaganih ukrepov Predlagana Direktiva zajema: Določitev skupnega okvira za varstvo tal, ki temelji na načelih ohranjanja funkcij tal, preprečevanja degradacije tal, blaženja njenih učinkov, sanacije degradiranih tal in vključevanja v ostale sektorske politike. Zahtevo po opredelitvi, opisu in oceni vpliva nekaterih sektorskih politik na proces degradacije tal z namenom zaščite funkcij tal. Zahtevo za lastnike zemljišč, da sprejmejo previdnostne ukrepe, če je pričakovati, da bo njihova raba tal znatno škodovala njihovim funkcijam. Način pozidave tal, ki zagotavlja bolj preudarno rabo zemljišč v skladu s členom 174 Pogodbe ES in ki ohranja čim več funkcij tal. Opredelitev ogroženih območij zaradi erozije, zmanjšanja količine organskih snovi, zasoljevanja, zbijanja tal in zemeljskih usadov ter oblikovanje nacionalnih programov ukrepov. Treba je določiti obseg ogroženih območij. Za zagotovitev skladnega in primerljivega pristopa je treba opredeliti tveganja s skupnimi merili. Ta merila vključujejo parametre, ki so kot gonilne sile za različne vrste ogroženosti. Treba bo sprejeti cilje za zmanjšanje tveganja in programe ukrepov za dosego teh ciljev. Programe se lahko oblikuje na podlagi standardov in ukrepov, ki so že opredeljeni in so že bili uporabljeni v nacionalnih okvirih in okviru Skupnosti. Ukrepe za omejitev vnosa nevarnih snovi v tla, da bi se izognili kopičenju nevarnih snovi v tleh, ki škodujejo funkcijam tal in ogrožajo zdravje ljudi ter okolja. Pripravo popisa onesnaženih območij, mehanizem za financiranje sanacije območij brez lastništva, poročilo o stanju tal in uvedbo nacionalne strategije za sanacijo opredeljenih onesnaženih območij. Opredelitev onesnaženih območij in oblikovanje seznama mor onesnaževalnih dejavnosti. To je podlaga za opredelitev območij, kjer obstaja nevarnost onesnaženja in hkrati uvodni korak za pripravo popisa močno onesnaženih območij. Poleg tega bi bil prodajalec ali bodoči kupec dodatno obvezan, da zagotovi poročilo o stanju tal na zemljiščih, kjer se ali se izvajajo morebitne onesnaževalne dejavnosti. Podobna določba je že zajeta v zakonodaji Skupnosti (glej člen 7 Direktive 2002/91/ES). |

310 | Legal basis The provisions of this Directive relate to environmental protection, and consequently the legal base chosen is Article 175(1) of the EC Treaty. |

310 | Pravna podlaga Določbe te direktive se nanašajo na varstvo okolja, zato ta temelji na členu 175(1) Pogodbe ES. |

320 | Subsidiarity principle The subsidiarity principle applies insofar as the proposal does not fall under the exclusive competence of the Community. |

320 | Načelo subsidiarnosti Pri predlogu se upošteva načelo subsidiarnosti, saj predlog ni v izključni pristojnosti Skupnosti. |

The objectives of the proposal cannot be sufficiently achieved by the Member States for the following reasons. |

Države članice ciljev predloga ne morejo učinkovito doseči iz naslednjih razlogov. |

321 | Soil degradation in one Member State or region can have transboundary consequences. Indeed, dams are blocked and infrastructure is damaged downstream by sediments massively eroded in another country farther upstream. Equally, groundwater bodies flowing through bordering nations can be polluted by contaminated sites on one side of the border. Losses of soil organic matter in one Member State can impair the achievement of the Kyoto protocol targets by the Community. This would imply that the costs to restore environmental quality are borne by a Member State different from that where the soil degrading practice occurred. |

321 | Degradacija tal v eni od držav članic ali regiji ima lahko čezmejne posledice. Močna erozija lahko zaradi sedimentov v zgornjem toku reke v drugi državi povzroči blokado jezov in poškodbe na infrastrukturi. Podobno lahko podtalnico, ki teče skozi sosednje države, onesnažijo onesnažena območja na drugi strani meje. Izgube organskih snovi v tleh v eni državi članici škodujejo doseganju ciljev ES na podlagi Kjotskega protokola. To pomeni, da mora stroške obnove kakovosti okolja kriti država članica, v kateri ni prišlo do degradacije tal. |

323 | Wide differences between national soil protection regimes, in particular as regards soil contamination, can in some cases impose on economic operators very different obligations, thus creating an unbalanced situation for their fixed costs and a distortion of competition in the internal market. Uptake by food and feed crops of contaminants in the soil may have an impact on the quality of products which are traded freely within the internal market posing a risk for human or animal health. Acting at source at Community level will complement the quality controls performed at the national level to ensure food safety. The health of European citizens can be impaired in different ways by soil degradation, some being the direct or indirect exposure to soil contaminants. Equally, casualties may occur in the event of landslides. |

323 | Zaradi velikih razlik med režimi varstva tal, zlasti pri onesnaženosti tal, imajo gospodarski subjekti v nekaterih primerih zelo različne obveznosti, tako da prihaja do neuravnoteženja pri fiksnih stroških in izkrivljanja konkurence na notranjem trgu. Prehod onesnaževal iz tal v hrano za ljudi in živali vpliva na kakovost proizvodov, s katerimi se prosto trguje na notranjem trgu. Ti ogrožajo zdravje ljudi in živali. Ukrepanje pri viru na ravni Skupnosti bo dopolnilo nadzorovanje kakovosti, ki se izvaja na nacionalni ravni za zagotovitev varnosti živil. Zdravje evropskih državljanov je zaradi degradacije tal ogroženo na različne načine, saj so ti neposredno ali posredno izpostavljeni onesnaževalom tal. Škoda je enako pogosto tudi pri zemeljskih usadih. |

Community action will better achieve the objectives of the proposal for the following reasons. |

Cilji predloga se lahko iz naslednjih razlogov bolje dosežejo z ukrepi na ravni Skupnosti. |

324 | Soil degradation affects other environmental areas for the protection of which Community legislation exists (e.g. water, nature, biodiversity, climate change). Community action on soil protection will close the gaps and ensure a consistent and efficient environmental quality protection across media. Soil protection contributes to ensure food safety and agricultural productivity on the long term, which underpins the Common Agriculture Policy funded by the Community. Having common principles to define what is considered to be a sustainable use of soil, will allow to articulate the research agendas at national and Community level and thus make a more efficient use of research and development funds to fill in the knowledge gaps. The Community, by acquiring an ambitious and coherent framework which will translate in a better knowledge and management of soil, can play a leading role in the international arena, where other countries are in considerable need of transfer of know-how and technical assistance. |

324 | Degradacija tal vpliva na ostala okoljska področja, za katere že obstaja zakonodaja na ravni Skupnosti (npr. vodo, naravo, biološko raznovrstnost, podnebne spremembe). Ukrepanje na ravni Skupnosti bo zapolnilo vrzeli in zagotovilo skladno ter učinkovito zaščito kakovosti okoljskih medijev. Varovanje tal dolgoročno prispeva k varnosti živil in kmetijski produktivnosti, kar podpira tudi Skupna kmetijska politika, ki jo financira Skupnost. Določitev skupnih načel za opredelitev trajnostne rabe tal bo omogočila sistematično povezovanje raziskav na nacionalni ravni in ravni Skupnosti ter bolj učinkovito rabo sredstev za raziskave in razvoj, s čimer bodo zapolnjene vrzeli v znanju. S sprejetjem zahtevnega in skladnega okvira bo Skupnost pridobila na poznavanju tal in upravljanju z njimi, kar ji bo omogočilo vodilno vlogo na mednarodnem prizorišču, kjer ostale države potrebujejo prenos znanja in izkušenj ter tehnično pomoč. |

325 | So far, without Community action to underpin the efforts, only nine Member States have specific legislation on soil protection, the others rely on some provisions preserving soil in different other policies. Most of the existing national provisions tackle the problem of soil contamination and, though the other threats are recognised, there is a lack of focus on a wider preservation of soil functions. The best indicator to demonstrate that this objective can be better achieved with a common Community action is that progress achieved in ensuring a sustainable use diverges enormously between Member States. |

325 | Trenutno je brez ustrezne podpore Skupnosti posebno zakonodajo o varstvu tal sprejelo le devet držav članic, ostale pa so sprejele določbe za ohranitev tal v okviru različnih politik. Večina obstoječih nacionalnih določb obravnava problem onesnaževanja in je kljub ostalim znanim nevarnostim premalo usmerjena v širše ohranjanje funkcij tal. Najboljši pokazatelj, ki kaže, da bi te cilje najbolje dosegli s skupnim delovanjem na ravni Skupnosti, je dejstvo, da se dosežki pri zagotavljanju trajnostne rabe med državami članicami močno razlikujejo. |

327 | The proposal aims at achieving common principles, objectives and actions for all Member States to ensure a fair level playing field and to ensure that all Member States are tackling all threats to which soils are confronted in their national territory and do not address soil protection in a partial way. |

327 | Predlog si prizadeva za sprejetje skupnih načel, ciljev in ukrepov v vseh državah članicah, s čimer bi ustvarili enake pogoje in zagotovili, da bi se vse države članice spopadle z nevarnostmi, ki ogrožajo tla na njihovem nacionalnem teritoriju, varstvo tal pa bi bilo obravnavano celovito. |

The proposal therefore complies with the subsidiarity principle. |

Predlog je zato skladen z načelom o subsidiarnosti. |

Proportionality principle The proposal complies with the proportionality principle for the following reasons. |

Načelo sorazmernosti Predlog je skladen z načelom sorazmernosti iz naslednjih razlogov. |

331 | The proposed instrument is a Directive establishing a framework for the protection of soil and the preservation of its functions. To ensure proportionality, much scope is left to the Member States to identify the most appropriate specific measures at the most appropriate geographical and administrative level. This is crucial to ensure that the regional and local specificities as regards soil variability, land uses, local climatological conditions and socio-economic aspects can be properly taken into account. |

331 | Predlagani instrument je Direktiva o določitvi okvira za varstvo tal in ohranjanje njihove funkcije. Za zagotovitev sorazmernosti imajo države članice pri opredelitvi najprimernejših posebnih ukrepov na najprimernejši zemljepisni in upravni ravni veliko diskrecijo. To je odločilnega pomena za ustrezno upoštevanje regionalnih in lokalnih posebnosti v zvezi z raznolikostjo tal, rabo zemljišč, lokalnimi podnebnimi pogoji in družbeno-gospodarskimi vidiki. |

332 | The level of intervention is to be decided by Member States, allowing for a more efficient use of their national administrative capabilities. Some additional and financial administrative obligations will arise, in particular for the Member States which have not tackled soil protection at national or regional level. Nevertheless, the environmental, economical and social benefits of the measures, as described in the Impact Assessment, outweigh significantly the costs incurred. |

332 | Stopnjo posega, ki omogoča učinkovitejšo uporabo nacionalnih upravnih zmogljivosti, določijo države članice. Države članice, ki se še niso lotile varstva tal na nacionalni ali regionalni ravni, bodo bremenile dodatne in finančno upravne obveznosti. Vendar pa so okoljske, gospodarske in družbene koristi zaradi ukrepov, opisane v presoji vplivov, znatno večje od nastalih stroškov. |

Choice of instruments |

Izbira instrumentov |

341 | Proposed instrument: framework directive. |

341 | Predlagani instrument: okvirna direktiva. |

342 | Other means would not be adequate for the following reason. A more prescriptive instrument, such as a regulation, would not allow taking into account the variability of soil and would not provide the flexibility needed to reflect local conditions. On the other hand, a non-binding instrument would not ensure the sustainable use of a common natural resource across Europe and would not prevent the distortion of competition caused by very diverging national regimes. |

342 | Drug instrumenti ne bi bila primerni iz naslednjih razlogov. Bolj predpisujoč instrument, kot je uredba, ne bi upošteval raznolikosti tal in ne bi zagotavljal prilagodljivosti, ki jo zahtevajo lokalni pogoji. Po drugi strani pa neobvezujoč instrument ne bi zagotovil trajnostne rabe skupnega naravnega vira v Evropi in ne bi preprečil izkrivljanja konkurence, ki ga povzročajo različni nacionalni režimi. |

BUDGETARY IMPLICATION |

PRORAčUNSKE POSLEDICE |

409 | The proposal has no implication for the Community budget. |

409 | Predlog ne vpliva na proračun Skupnosti. |

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION |

DODATNI PODATKI |

Review/revision/sunset clause |

Pregled, sprememba, časovna omejitev veljavnosti |

531 | The proposal includes a review clause. |

531 | Predlog vključuje klavzulo o pregledu. |

550 | Correlation table The Member States are required to communicate to the Commission the text of national provisions transposing the Directive as well as a correlation table between those provisions and this Directive. |

550 | Korelacijska tabela Države članice morajo Komisiji predložiti besedilo nacionalnih določb, ki direktivo prenašajo v nacionalno zakonodajo, kot tudi korelacijsko tabelo med navedenimi določbami in to direktivo. |

560 | European Economic Area The proposed act concerns an EEA matter and should therefore extend to the European Economic Area. |

560 | Evropski gospodarski prostor Predlagani akt zadeva EGP, zato ga je treba razširiti na Evropski gospodarski prostor. |

E-13860 |

1. 2006/0086 (COD)

1. 2006/0086(COD)

Predlog

Proposal for a

DIREKTIVA EVROPSKEGA PARLAMENTA IN SVETA

DIRECTIVE OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL

o določitvi okvira za varstvo tal in spremembi Direktive 2004/35/ES

establishing a framework for the protection of soil and amending Directive 2004/35/EC (Text with EEA relevance)

(Besedilo velja za EGP)

THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION,

EVROPSKI PARLAMENT IN SVET EVROPSKE UNIJE STA –

Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, and in particular Article 175(1) thereof,

ob upoštevanju Pogodbe o ustanovitvi Evropske skupnosti in zlasti člena 175(1) Pogodbe;

Having regard to the proposal from the Commission[1],

ob upoštevanju predloga Komisije[1],

Having regard to the opinion of the European Economic and Social Committee[2],

ob upoštevanje mnenja Evropskega ekonomsko-socialnega odbora[2],

Having regard to the opinion of the Committee of the Regions[3],

ob upoštevanju mnenja Odbora regij[3],

Acting in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 251 of the Treaty[4],

v skladu s postopkom iz člena 251 Pogodbe[4],

Whereas:

ob upoštevanju naslednjega:

(1) Soil is essentially a non-renewable resource in that the degradation rates can be rapid whereas the formation and regeneration processes are extremely slow. It is a very dynamic system which performs many functions and delivers services vital to human activities and to the survival of ecosystems. These functions are biomass production, storing, filtering and transforming nutrients and water, hosting the biodiversity pool, acting as a platform for most human activities, providing raw materials, acting as a carbon pool and storing the geological and archeological heritage.

(1) Tla so bistven neobnovljiv vir, pri katerem je lahko degradacija zelo hitra, medtem ko sta lahko nastajanje in regeneracija tal zelo izjemno počasni. Ta izjemno dinamičen sistem opravlja veliko funkcij in nalog, ki so odločilnega pomena za človeške dejavnosti in preživetje ekosistema. Te funkcije so proizvodnja biomase, skladiščenje, filtriranje in preoblikovanje hranilnih snovi in vode, tla so vir biološke raznovrstnosti, temelj večine človeških dejavnosti, skladišče ogljika in arhiv geološke ter arheološke dediščine.

(2) Soil degradation or soil improvements have a major impact on other areas of Community interest, such as surface water and groundwater protection, human health, climate change, protection of nature and biodiversity, and food safety.

(2) Degradacija tal ali izboljšava tal znatno vplivajo tudi na druga področja skupnega interesa Skupnosti, kot so varstvo površinskih voda in podtalnice, zdravje ljudi, podnebne spremembe, varstvo narave in biološke raznovrstnosti ter varnost živil.

(3) Soil is a natural resource of common interest which is under increasing environmental pressure and is to be protected from degradation in its own right. Decision No 1600/2002/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 July 2002 laying down the Sixth Community Environment Action Programme[5] includes the objective of protecting natural resources and promoting a sustainable use of soil.

(3) Tla so naravni vir skupnega interesa, ki je pod vse večjimi okoljskimi obremenitvami in ga je treba kot takega zaščititi pred degradacijo. Sklep št. 1600/2002/ES Evropskega parlamenta in Sveta z dne 22. julija 2002 o šestem okoljskem akcijskem programu Skupnosti[5] zajema cilje za zaščito naravnih virov in pospeševanje trajnostne rabe tal.

(4) The Communication of the Commission to the European Parliament and the Council “Towards a Thematic Strategy on Soil Protection”[6] identifies the main eight soil degradation processes to which soils in the EU are confronted. These are erosion, organic matter decline, contamination, salinisation, compaction, soil biodiversity loss, sealing, landslides and flooding. The current scientific knowledge on soil biodiversity and its behaviour is too limited to allow for specific provisions in this Directive aiming at its protection. The prevention and mitigation of the effects of floods have been addressed by the proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and the Council on the assessment and management of floods[7].

(4) Sporočilo Komisije Evropskemu parlamentu in Svetu „Razvoj tematske strategije za varstva tal“[6] opredeljuje osem glavnih degradacijskih procesov, ki ogrožajo tla v EU. Ti so erozija, zmanjšanje količine organskih snovi, onesnaževanje, zasoljevanje, zbijanje tal, zmanjšanje biološke raznovrstnosti tal, pozidava, zemeljski usadi in poplave. Trenutno tehnično znanje o biološki raznovrstnosti in vedenju tal je preveč omejeno, da bi lahko v tej direktivi upravičili posebne določbe za njihovo zaščito. Preprečevanje in blaženje posledic poplav obravnava predlog Direktive Evropskega parlamenta in Sveta o ocenjevanju in obladovanju poplav[7].

(5) Soil variability is very high in the Community and enormous differences exist in its structural, physical, chemical and biological state both within individual profiles and between soils. These diverse conditions and needs in the Community should be taken into account as they require different specific solutions for the identification of areas at risk, definition of targets and execution of appropriate measures to ensure protection of soil.

(5) Tla v Evropi so zelo raznolika, ogromne razlike pa obstajajo tudi pri strukturnih, fizičnih, kemijskih in bioloških lastnosti tako med posameznimi profili kot tudi med tlemi. Te različne pogoje in potrebe v Skupnosti je treba upoštevati, saj zahtevajo različne posebne rešitve pri opredelitvi ogroženih območij, opredelitvi ciljev in izvajanju ustreznih ukrepov, ki zagotavljajo varovanje tal.

(6) Community legislation, for instance in the fields of waste, chemicals, industrial pollution prevention and control, climate change, water, and agriculture and rural development, includes some provisions on soil protection, but these are neither designed nor sufficient to protect all soils against all degradation processes. Hence there is a need for a coherent and effective legislative framework, providing for common principles and objectives aiming at protection and sustainable use of soil in the Community.

(6) Zakonodaja Skupnosti zajema na primer na področju odpadkov, kemikalij, preprečevanja in nadzora industrijskega onesnaževanja, podnebnih sprememb, voda, razvoja kmetijstva in podeželja nekatere določbe za varstvo tal, ki pa niso tako oblikovane, da bi vsa zemljišča zadostno zaščitila pred degradacijo. Zato je potreben skladen in učinkovit zakonodajni okvir, ki določa skupna načela in cilje za varstvo in trajnostno rabo tal v Skupnosti.

(7) Soil should be used in a sustainable manner which preserves its capacity to deliver ecological, economic and social services, while maintaining its functions so that future generations can meet their needs.

(7) Raba tal mora potekati na trajnosten način, ki ohranja njihovo sposobnost za izvajanje ekoloških, gospodarskih in družbenih storitev, hkrati pa tudi njihove funkcije, da bodo prihodnje generacije lahko zadovoljevale svoje potrebe.

(8) The aim of this Directive is to ensure the protection of soil, based on the principles of preservation of soil functions, prevention of soil degradation, mitigation of its effects, restoration of degraded soils and integration into other sectoral policies by establishing a common framework and actions.

(8) Cilj te direktive je zagotoviti varovanje tal na podlagi načel ohranjanja funkcij tal, preprečevanja degradacije tal, blaženja njihovih učinkov, sanacije degradiranih tal in vključitve v ostale sektorske politike z določitvijo skupnega okvira in ukrepov.

(9) A common framework is needed in order to articulate the efforts of Member States to improve the protection of soils and its sustainable use, to control the transboundary soil degradation effects, to protect aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, and to preclude distortion of competition between economic operators.

(9) Za združitev prizadevanj držav članic za izboljšanje varstva tal in za njihovo trajnostno rabo, nadzor čezmejnih vplivov degradacije tal, zaščito vodnih in kopenskih ekosistemov ter za preprečitev izkrivljanja konkurence med gospodarskimi subjekti je potreben skupen okvir.

(10) Since the objectives of the action to be taken, namely to establish a common framework for the protection of soil, cannot be sufficiently achieved by the Member States and can therefore be better achieved at Community level by reason of the scale of the problem and its implications in respect of other Community legislation on nature protection, water protection, food safety, climate change, agriculture and areas of common interest, such as human health protection, the Community may therefore adopt measures, in accordance with the principle of subsidiarity as set out in Article 5 of the Treaty. In accordance with the principle of proportionality, as set out in that Article, this Directive does not go beyond what is necessary in order to achieve that objective.

(10) Ker zastavljenih ciljev, namreč določitve skupnega okvira za varstvo tal, posamezne države članice ne morejo zadovoljivo doseči in jih zaradi njihovega obsega in vključitve v ostalo zakonodajo Skupnosti o varstvu narave, varstvu voda, varnosti živil, podnebnih spremembah, kmetijstvu in področjih skupnega interesa, kot je varovanje zdravja ljudi, lažje dosežejo na ravni Skupnosti, lahko Skupnost sprejme ukrepe v skladu z načelom subsidiarnosti iz člena 5 Pogodbe. V skladu z načelom sorazmernosti, ki ga določa navedeni člen, ta direktiva ne posega globlje, kot je potrebno za doseganje teh ciljev.

(11) As some sectoral policies may either exacerbate or mitigate soil degradation processes, further integration of soil protection aspects into such policies is necessary. This Directive should make provision for Member States to identify and assess the impact of these policies on the prevention of soil degradation processes and the protection of soil functions.

(11) Ker lahko nekatere sektorske politike zaostrujejo ali blažijo degradacijo tal, je treba v te politike nujno vključiti vidike varovanja tal. Ta direktiva mora oblikovati določbe za države članice, s katerimi bodo te opredelile in ocenile vpliv teh politik na preprečevanje degradacije tal in na zaščito funkcij tal.

(12) In contrast to air and water, soil is mainly privately owned in the Community. Nevertheless it is a natural resource of common interest that has to be protected for future generations. In the public interest, therefore, land users should be required to take precautionary measures when their use of the soil can be expected to significantly hamper soil functions.

(12) V nasprotju z zrakom in vodo so tla v Skupnosti pretežno v zasebni lasti. Kljub temu je to naravni vir skupnega interesa, ki ga je treba ohraniti za prihodnje generacije. Zato je v javnem interesu, da se od lastnikov zahteva, da sprejmejo previdnostne ukrepe, če se pričakuje, da njihova raba tal znatno škoduje njihovim funkcijam.

(13) Sealing is becoming significantly more intense in the Community as a result of urban sprawl and increasing demand for land from many sectors of the economy, and this calls for a more sustainable use of soil. Appropriate measures are needed to limit soil sealing, for instance by rehabilitating brownfield sites, thus reducing the depletion of greenfield sites. Where sealing does occur Member States should provide for construction and drainage techniques that would allow as many soil functions as possible to be preserved.

(13) Kot posledica širjenja mest in povečane potrebe po zemljiščih v mnogih gospodarskih sektorjih pozidava znatno narašča. Potrebni so ustrezni ukrepi, ki bodo omejili pozidavo tal, na primer z obnavljanjem opuščenih območij, kar bi omejilo izginjanje zelenih območij. Pri pozidavi morajo države članice zagotoviti gradnjo in tehnike izsuševanja, ki ohranjajo največ možnih funkcij tal.

(14) A targeted and efficient soil protection policy should be based on the knowledge of where degradation is occurring. It is recognised that certain degradation processes, such as erosion, organic matter decline, compaction, salinisation and landslides, occur only in specific areas which are more at risk of such processes. This requires the identification of such risk areas.

(14) Usmerjena in učinkovita politika varstva tal mora temeljiti na poznavanju mest, kjer se degradacija pojavlja. Ugotovljeno je, da se nekateri degradacijski procesi, kot so erozija, zmanjšanje količine organskih snovi, zbijanje tal, zasoljevanje in zemeljski usadi, pojavljajo le na območji, ki jih ti procesi bolj ogrožajo. Zato je treba tvegana območja opredeliti.

(15) To ensure a coherent and comparable approach in the different Member States, identification of risk areas for erosion, organic matter decline, compaction, salinisation and landslides should be based on a common methodology which includes elements known to be driving forces for the various degradation processes.

(15) Za zagotovitev skladnega in primerljivega pristopa v različnih državah članicah je treba opredeliti območja, ki jim grozi nevarnost erozije, zmanjšanja količine organskih snovi, zbijanja tal, zasoljevanja in zemeljskih usadov, ki temelji na skupni metodologije in vključuje elemente, znane kot gonilne sile različnih degradacijskih procesov.

(16) In the risk areas identified, measures should be taken to prevent further soil degradation by reducing the risk of it occurring and restoring degraded soils in order to preserve soil functions.

(16) Na opredeljenih območjih je treba ukrepati tako, da se zmanjša morebitno nevarnost in obnovi degradirana tla, s čimer se bo ohranilo njihove funkcije.

(17) Action is to be taken under the responsibility of Member States, at the most appropriate level, based on the establishment of risk reduction targets and programmes of measures to reach those targets.

(17) Sprejeti je treba ukrepe na najustreznejši ravni, ki bodo v pristojnosti držav članic in bodo temeljili zastavljenih ciljih za zmanjšanje tveganja in programih ukrepov za dosego teh ciljev.

(18) Such programmes of measures should take into account the social and economic impact of the measures envisaged; they should be reviewed periodically and may build on obligations, plans and programmes already set up under Community legislation or international agreements.

(18) V takih programih je treba upoštevati družbeni in gospodarski vpliv predvidenih ukrepov, ki ga je treba redno pregledovati in nadgraditi z obveznostmi, načrti in programi, ki so že določeni v zakonodaji Skupnosti ali mednarodnih pogodbah.

(19) This Directive should contribute to halting desertification, which results from concurrent degradation processes, and soil biodiversity loss, and enhance cooperation in the implementation of the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification and the Convention on Biological Diversity to which the Community is a party, and will enhance the implementation of these international environmental agreements.

(19) Ta direktiva prispevati k ustavitvi dezertifikacije, ki je posledica istočasnih degradacijskih procesov in zmanjšanja biološke raznovrstnosti tal, hkrati pa pospešiti sodelovanje pri izvajanju Konvencije Združenih narodov o boju proti dezertifikaciji in Konvencije o biološki raznovrstnosti, katere podpisnica je Skupnost, in bo pospešila izvajanje teh mednarodnih okoljskih sporazumov.

(20) In compliance with the prevention principle as laid down in Article 174 of the EC Treaty, this Directive should contribute to the prevention and reduction of the introduction of dangerous substances into soil to avoid soil contamination and to preserve soil functions.

(20) V skladu z načelom preprečevanja iz člena 174 Pogodbe ES mora ta direktiva prispevati k preprečevanju in zmanjševanju vnosa nevarnih snovi v tla, da bi se izognili onesnaževanju tal in ohranili njegove funkcije.

(21) Earlier industrialisation and poor or inappropriate management practices have left a legacy of hundreds of thousands of contaminated sites in the Community which call for a common strategy to manage historical contamination of soil in order to prevent and mitigate harmful effects on human health and the environment.

(21) Zgodnja industrializacija in slab ali neustrezen način upravljanja sta povzročila onesnaženost številnih območjih v Skupnosti, ki zahtevajo skupno strategijo za upravljanje s tlemi, ki so bila onesnažena v preteklosti, da se preprečijo ali ublažijo škodljivi vplivi na zdravje ljudi in okolje.

(22) In order to successfully prevent and limit risk to human health and the environment stemming from soil contamination, Member States should identify the sites which according to their assessment are posing a significant risk in this regard. Given the number of sites which are likely to be contaminated, their identification requires a systematic step-by-step approach. To monitor progress on the identification of the contaminated sites a timetable is needed.

(22) Da bi države članice učinkovito preprečile ali omejile nevarnosti za zdravje ljudi in okolje, ki nastanejo zaradi onesnaženosti tal, morajo opredeliti območja, ki so po njihovi presoji v tem pogledu izpostavljena veliki nevarnosti. Zaradi številnih območij, za katera obstaja verjetnost, da so onesnažena, je treba pri njihovi opredelitvi uporabiti sistematični postopni pristop. Za nadzorovanje napredka pri opredeljevanju onesnaženih območij je treba določiti časovni okvir.

(23) To support the identification of contaminated sites and to secure a common approach, it is necessary to establish a common list of activities which can have a significant potential to cause soil contamination. This common list of potentially soil polluting activities may be complemented by other more comprehensive lists adopted at national level.

(23) Za lažjo opredelitev onesnaženih območij in za zagotovitev skupnega pristopa je treba oblikovati skupen seznam dejavnosti z veliko možnostjo onesnaženja tal. Ta skupni seznam morebitnih onesnaževalnih dejavnosti se lahko dopolni z drugimi, bolj splošnimi seznami na nacionalni ravni.

(24) The identification of contaminated sites should be reflected in a national inventory of contaminated sites to be updated regularly and made available for the public to consult. Previous and current efforts by Member States to identify contaminated sites should be taken into account.

(24) Po opredelitvi onesnaženih območij je treba sestaviti nacionalni popis onesnaženih območij, ki se redno posodablja in je dostopen javnosti za razpravo. Upoštevati je treba prejšnje in trenutne dejavnosti držav članic za opredelitev onesnaženih območij.

(25) In order to assist in the rapid identification of contaminated sites, the owner of a site where, according to official records such as national registers or cadastres, a soil-polluting activity has taken or is taking place, or the prospective buyer should, prior to completing the land transaction, provide relevant information on the status of the soil to the competent authority and to the other party in the transaction. The provision of such information at the time when a land transaction is being planned, will help to speed up the completion of the inventory of contaminated sites. It will also make the prospective buyer aware of the state of the soil and enable him to make an informed choice.

(25) Za zagotovitev hitre opredelitve onesnaženih območij mora lastnik zemljišča, na katerem po uradnih evidencah, kot so nacionalni registri ali katastri, izvaja onesnaževalna dejavnost, ali bodoči kupec, pred zaključkom transakcije zemljišča pristojnemu organu in drugi stranki v transakciji zagotoviti pomembne podatke o stanju tal. Zagotovitev teh podatkov med načrtovanjem transakcije z zemljiščem bo pospešilo oblikovanje seznama onesnaženih območij. Prav tako bo kupec seznanjen s stanjem tal, kar mu bo omogočilo odločitev ob upoštevanju vseh zagotovljenih podatkov.

(26) Taking into account the polluter pays principle, Member States should ensure that action is taken to remediate the contaminated sites identified within their national territory.

(26) Ob upoštevanju načela, da plača onesnaževalec, morajo države članice zagotoviti izvajanje ukrepov za sanacijo onesnaženih območij, opredeljenih na njihovem državnem ozemlju.

(27) A National Remediation Strategy should be established, in particular for the purposes of setting remediation targets and the order of priority in which sites should be remediated.

(27) Treba je oblikovati nacionalno strategijo obnove, zlasti za namen določitve ciljev obnove, in prednostni vrstni red obnove zemljišč.

(28) In those contaminated sites where the polluter cannot be found, cannot be held liable for the pollution under national or Community legislation or cannot be made to bear the costs of remediation, also known as orphan sites, responsibility for reducing risk to human health and the environment should fall on the Member States. For those purposes, Member States should put in place specific funding mechanisms to ensure a durable financial source for the remediation of such sites.

(28) Pri onesnaženih območjih, ki so znana tudi kot območja brez lastništva, kjer onesnaževalca ni mogoče najti ali mu na podlagi nacionalne zakonodaje ali zakonodaje Skupnosti ni mogoče pripisati odgovornosti ali ga bremeniti s stroški sanacije, se odgovornost za zmanjševanje nevarnosti za zdravje ljudi in okolje prenese na države članice. V ta namen morajo države članice vzpostaviti posebne mehanizme financiranja, ki bodo zagotovili trajna finančna sredstva za sanacijo takih območij.

(29) Directive 2004/35/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 April 2004 on environmental liability with regard to the prevention and remedying of environmental damage[8] establishes that, for orphan sites, remedial action may be taken by the competent authority as a last resort. That Directive should therefore be amended in order to align it with the remediation obligations laid down in this Directive.

(29) Direktiva 2004/35/ES Evropskega parlamenta in Sveta z dne 21. aprila 2004 o okoljski odgovornosti v zvezi s preprečevanjem in sanacijo okoljske škode[8] kot zadnjo možnost predvideva, da območja brez lastništva sanirajo pristojni organi. Zato je treba navedeno direktivo spremeniti in jo dopolniti z obveznostmi iz te Direktive.

(30) There is little public awareness of the importance of soil protection, and it is therefore necessary to introduce measures to improve knowledge, exchange of information and best practices.

(30) Ljudje so premalo ozaveščeni o pomembnosti tal, zato je treba sprejeti ukrepe za boljšo seznanjenost, izmenjavo informacij in najboljše prakse.

(31) The success of this Directive relies on close cooperation and coherent action at Community, Member State and local level as well as on information, consultation and involvement of the public, pursuant to Community obligations under the UNECE Aarhus Convention on Access to Information, Public Participation in Decision-making and Access to Justice in Environmental Matters. Thus, for the preparation, modification and review of the programmes of measures on risk areas and the National Remediation Strategies, it is appropriate to provide for the application of Directive 2003/35/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 May 2003 providing for public participation in respect of the drawing up of certain plans and programmes relating to the environment and amending with regard to public participation and access to justice Council Directives 85/337/EEC and 96/61/EC[9].

(31) Uspeh te direktive je odvisen od tesnega sodelovanja in skladnega delovanja na ravni Skupnosti, držav članic in lokalni ravni kot tudi od informacij, posvetovanja in vključevanja javnosti v skladu z obveznostmi Skupnosti, ki izhajajo iz Konvencije Gospodarske komisije OZN za Evropo UNECE) o dostopu do informacij, udeležbi javnosti pri odločanju in dostopu do pravnega varstva v okoljskih zadevah. Zato je treba za pripravo, spremembe in pregled programov ukrepov za ogrožena območja in za nacionalne strategije sanacije predvideti izvajanje Direktive 2003/35/ES Evropskega parlamenta in Sveta z dne 26. maja 2003 o sodelovanju javnosti pri sestavi nekaterih načrtov in programov v zvezi z okoljem in o spremembi direktiv Sveta 85/337/EGS in 96/61/ES[9] glede sodelovanja javnosti in dostopa do sodišč.

(32) It is recognised that different risk assessment methodologies for contaminated sites are currently being applied in Member States. In order to move towards a common approach ensuring neutral conditions of competition and a coherent soil protection regime, a thorough exchange of information is needed to establish the suitability of harmonising some of the elements of risk assessment as well as to further develop and improve the methodologies on eco-toxicological risk assessment.

(32) Poznane so različne metodologije za presojo vpliva na onesnaženih območjih, ki se trenutno uporabljajo v državah članicah. Da bi se približali skupnemu pristopu, ki bi zagotovil enake pogoje glede konkurence in skladen režim za varstvo tal, je potrebna temeljita izmenjava informacij, da se ugotovi, ali je usklajevanje nekaterih elementov presoje tveganja primerno in ali je potreben nadaljnji razvoj in napredek metodologij za presojo ekotoksikoloških tveganj.

(33) Provision should be made to allow the rapid adaptation of methods of identification of risk areas in Member States including regularly reviewing the common elements therein.

(33) Treba je sprejeti določbo, ki omogoča hitro prilagajanje metod za opredelitev ogroženih območij v državah članicah in vključuje redno pregledovanje skupnih elementov.

(34) Provisions should be adopted as regards the data exchange formats and data quality criteria and these would need to be consistent with the establishment of any infrastructure for spatial information in the Community.

(34) Sprejeti je treba določbe glede oblike izmenjave informacij in meril za kakovost podatkov, ki morajo biti v skladu z vsemi obstoječimi infrastrukturami za prostorske podatke v Skupnosti.

(35) This Directive respects the fundamental rights and observes the principles recognised in particular by the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union. In particular, this seeks to promote the integration into Community policies of a high level of environmental protection in accordance with the principle of sustainable development as laid down in Article 37 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union.

(35) Ta direktiva spoštuje temeljne pravice in upošteva načela, zlasti iz Listine Evropske unije o temeljnih pravicah. Še zlasti si prizadeva pospešiti vključitev varstva okolja v ostale politike Skupnosti v skladu z načelom trajnostnega razvoja iz člena 37 Listine Evropske unije o temeljnih pravicah.

(36) The measures necessary for the implementation of this Directive should be adopted in accordance with Council Decision 1999/468/EC of 28 June 1999 laying down the procedures for the exercise of implementing powers conferred on the Commission[10],

(36) Ukrepe, potrebne za izvajanje te direktive, je treba sprejeti v skladu s Sklepom Sveta 1999/468/ES z dne 28. junija 1999 o določitvi postopkov za uresničevanje Komisiji podeljenih izvedbenih pooblastil[10],

HAVE ADOPTED THIS DIRECTIVE:

SPREJELA NASLEDNJO DIREKTIVO:

Chapter I General provisions

Poglavje I Splošne določbe

Article 1 Subject-matter and scope

Člen 1 Vsebina in področje uporabe

1. This Directive establishes a framework for the protection of soil and the preservation of the capacity of soil to perform any of the following environmental, economic, social and cultural functions:

1. Ta Direktiva določa okvir za varstvo tal in ohranitev sposobnosti tal za opravljanje vseh okoljskih, gospodarskih, družbenih in kulturnih funkcij, naštetih v nadaljevanju:

(a) biomass production, including in agriculture and forestry;

(a) proizvodnja biomase, tudi v kmetijstvu in gozdarstvu;

(b) storing, filtering and transforming nutrients, substances and water;

(b) skladiščenje, filtriranje in preoblikovanje hranilnih in drugih snovi ter vode;

(d) physical and cultural environment for humans and human activities;

(d) fizično in kulturno okolje za ljudi in človeške dejavnosti;

(e) source of raw materials;

(e) vir surovin;

(f) acting as carbon pool;

(f) skladiščenje ogljika;

(g) archive of geological and archeological heritage.

(g) arhiv geološke in arheološke dediščine.

To that end, it lays down measures for the prevention of soil degradation processes, both occurring naturally and caused by a wide range of human activities, which undermine the capacity of a soil to perform those functions. Such measures include the mitigation of the effects of those processes, and the restoration and remediation of degraded soils to a level of functionality consistent at least with the current and approved future use.

V ta namen določa ukrepe za preprečevanje degradacijskih procesov tal, ki potekajo naravno ali kot posledica raznovrstnih človeških dejavnosti, ki slabšajo sposobnost tal za opravljanje navedenih funkcij. Ti ukrepi zajemajo blaženje učinkov navedenih procesov in obnovo ter sanacijo degradiranih tal, kot to narekuje trenutna in predvidena uporaba.

2. This Directive shall apply to soil forming the top layer of the earth’s crust situated between the bedrock and the surface, excluding groundwater as defined in Article 2(2) of Directive 2000/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council[11].

2. Ta direktiva se uporablja za tla, ki sestavljajo vrhnjo plast zemeljske skorje med kamninami in površino, pri čemer je izključena podtalnica, kot je opredeljeno v členu 2(2) Direktive Evropskega parlamenta in Sveta 2000/60/ES[11].

Article 2 Definitions

Člen 2Opredelitve

For the purposes of this Directive, the following definitions shall apply:

Za namene te direktive se uporabljajo naslednje definicije:

(1) ‘sealing’ means the permanent covering of the soil surface with an impermeable material;

(1) „pozidava“ pomeni trajno prekritje zemeljske površine z neprepustnimi materiali;

(2) ‘dangerous substances’ means substances or preparations within the meaning of Council Directive 67/548/EC[12] and Directive 1999/45/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council[13].

(2) „nevarne snovi“ pomenijo snovi ali pripravke v skladu z Direktivo Sveta 67/548/ES[12] in Direktivo 1999/45/ES Evropskega parlamenta in Sveta[13].

Article 3 Integration

Člen 3Vključitev

In the development of sectoral policies likely to exacerbate or reduce soil degradation processes, Member States shall identify, describe and assess the impacts of such policies on these processes, in particular in the areas of regional and urban spatial planning, transport, energy, agriculture, rural development, forestry, raw material extraction, trade and industry, product policy, tourism, climate change, environment, nature and landscape.

Pri razvoju sektorskih politik je morebitno poslabšanje ali zmanjšanje degradacije tal, zato naj države članice opredelijo, opišejo in presodijo vplive takšnih politik na te procese, zlasti na področju regionalnega in mestnega prostorskega načrtovanja, prometa, energije, kmetijstva, razvoja podeželja, gozdarstva, pridobivanja surovin, trgovine in industrije, politike proizvodov, turizma, podnebnih sprememb, okolja, narave in pokrajine.

Member States shall make public those findings.

Države članice navedene ugotovitve javno objavijo.

Article 4 Precautionary measures

Člen 4Previdnostni ukrepi

Member States shall ensure that any land user whose actions affect the soil in a way that can reasonably be expected to hamper significantly the soil functions referred to in Article 1(1) is obliged to take precautions to prevent or minimise such adverse effects.

Države članice zagotovijo, da so uporabniki zemljišč, katerih dejavnosti vplivajo na tla na način, za katerega je upravičeno pričakovati, da bo škodoval funkcijam tal iz člena 1(1), obvezani sprejeti previdnostne ukrepe, s katerimi preprečijo ali ublažijo škodljive učinke.

Article 5 Sealing

Člen 5Pozidava

For the purposes of preserving the soil functions referred to in Article 1(1), Member States shall take appropriate measures to limit sealing or, where sealing is to be carried out, to mitigate its effects in particular by the use of construction techniques and products which will allow as many of those functions as possible to be maintained.

Za namen ohranjanja funkcij tal iz členu 1(1) sprejmejo države članice ustrezne ukrepe za omejitev pozidave ali, kjer se bo odvijala pozidava, učinke ublažijo zlasti z gradbenimi tehnikami in proizvodi, ki omogočajo ohranjanje kar največ možnih funkcij tal.

Chapter II Risk prevention, mitigation and restoration

Poglavje II Preprečevanje tveganja, ublažitev in obnovitev

SECTION ONE IDENTIFICATION OF RISK AREAS

DEL 1 OPREDELITEV OGROžENIH OBMOčIJ

Article 6 Identification of risk areas of erosion, organic matter decline, compaction, salinisation and landslides

Člen 6 Opredelitev območij tveganja zaradi erozije, zmanjšanja količine organskih snovi, zbijanja tal, zasoljevanja in zemeljskih usadov

1. Within five years from [transposition date], Member States shall identify the areas in their national territory, at the appropriate level, where there is decisive evidence, or legitimate grounds for suspicion, that one or more of the following soil degradation processes has occurred or is likely to occur in the near future, hereinafter “the risk areas”:

1. V obdobju petih let [datum prenosa] države članice opredelijo ogrožena območja na državnem ozemlju na ustrezni ravni, v nadaljnjem besedilu „ogrožena območja“, kjer obstajajo jasni dokazi ali upravičeni razlogi za sum, da tam poteka ali da bo v bližnji prihodnosti verjetno prišlo do degradacijskih procesov:

(a) erosion by water or wind;

(a) erozija zaradi vode ali vetra;

(b) organic matter decline brought about by a steady downward trend in the organic fraction of the soil, excluding undecayed plant and animal residues, their partial decomposition products, and the soil biomass;

(b) zmanjšanje količine organskih snovi zaradi stalnega zniževanja deleža organskih snovi v tleh brez nerazkrojenih ostankov rastlin in živali, njihovih delnih razgradnih produktov, in biomase tal;

(e) salinisation through the accumulation in soil of soluble salts;

(e) zasoljevanje zaradi kopičenja razgradljivih soli v tleh;

(f) landslides brought about by the down-slope, moderately rapid to rapid movement of masses of soil and rock material.

(f) zemeljski usadi zaradi strmin, zmerno hitrega do hitrega premikanja zemeljskih in kamninskih gmot.

For the purposes of that identification, Member States shall, in respect of each of those soil degradation processes, use at least the elements listed in Annex I and shall take into account the effects of those processes in exacerbating greenhouse gas emissions and desertification.

Pri opredelitvi vseh degradacijskih procesov tal države članice pri vsakem degradacijskem procesu uporabljajo najmanj elemente iz Priloge I in upoštevajo učinke teh procesov na poslabšanje emisij toplogrednih plinov in dezertifikaciji.

2. The risk areas identified pursuant to paragraph 1 shall be made public and reviewed at least every ten years.

2. Ogrožena območja, opredeljena v skladu z odstavkom 1, se objavijo in pregledajo najmanj vsakih deset let.

Article 7 Methodology

Člen 7Metodologija

Member States may base the identification of risk areas on empirical evidence or on modelling. If modelling is used, the models must be validated by comparing the results on the basis of empirical data which have not been used for the development of the model itself.

Države članice ogrožena območja opredelijo na osnovi empiričnih dokazov ali z uporabo modelov. Uporabiti morajo modele, ki jih validirajo tako, da primerjajo rezultate na podlagi empiričnih podatkov, ki niso bili uporabljeni za izdelavo modela samega.

SECTION TWO ESTABLISHMENT OF TARGETS AND PROGRAMMES OF MEASURES

DEL 2 DOLOčITEV CILJEV IN PROGRAMOV UKREPOV

Article 8 Programmes of measures to combat erosion, organic matter decline, compaction, salinisation and landslides

Člen 8 Programi ukrepov za boj proti eroziji, zmanjšanju količine organskih snovi, zbijanju tal, zasoljevanju in zemeljskim usadom

1. For the purposes of preserving the soil functions referred to in Article 1(1), Member States shall in respect of the risk areas identified in accordance with Article 6, draw up, at the appropriate level, a programme of measures including at least risk reduction targets, the appropriate measures for reaching those targets, a timetable for the implementation of those measures and an estimate of the allocation of private or public means for the funding of those measures.

1. Za namene ohranjanja funkcij tal iz člena 1(1) določijo države članice na podlagi člena 6 na ustrezni ravni program ukrepov, ki vključujejo vsaj cilje za zmanjšanje tveganja, ustrezne ukrepe za doseganje navedenih ciljev, časovni načrt za izvajanje navedenih ukrepov in oceno zasebnih ali javnih sredstev za financiranje teh ukrepov.

2. When drawing up and revising the programmes of measures pursuant to paragraph 1, Member States shall give due consideration to the social and economic impacts of the measures envisaged.

2. Pri oblikovanju in pregledovanju programov ukrepov v skladu z odstavkom 1 države članice upoštevajo družbene in gospodarske vplive predvidenih ukrepov.

Member States shall ensure that measures are cost-effective, technically feasible and shall carry out impact assessments, including cost-benefit analyses, prior to the introduction of the programmes of measures.

Države članice pred uvedbo programov ukrepov zagotovijo, da so ukrepi stroškovno učinkoviti in tehnično izvedljivi, in opravijo presoje vpliva, vključno z analizami stroškov in koristi.

Member States shall indicate in their programmes of measures how the measures are to be implemented and how they will contribute to achievement of the environmental targets established.

Države članice v programih ukrepov navedejo, kako je treba ukrepe izvajati in kako bodo ti prispevali k uresničevanju zastavljenih okoljskih ciljev.

3. Where an area is at risk from different concurrent soil degradation processes, Member States may adopt a single programme in which appropriate risk reduction targets are to be set for all the risks identified together with the appropriate measures for reaching those targets.

3. Če območje hkrati ogrožajo različni procesi degradacije, lahko države članice sprejmejo posamezen program, v katerem opredelijo ustrezne cilje glede zmanjševanja tveganja za vse ugotovljene nevarnosti in ustrezne ukrepe za dosego teh ciljev.

4. The programme of measures shall be drawn up within seven years from [transposition date] and shall be in application no later than eight years after that date.

4. Program ukrepov se pripravi v sedmih letih od [datuma prenosa] in se ne uporablja dlje kot osem let po tem datumu.

The programme of measures shall be made public and shall be reviewed at least every five years.

Program ukrepov se javno objavi in pregleda najmanj vsakih pet let.

Chapter III Soil contamination

Poglavje III Onesnaževanje tal

SECTION ONE PREVENTION AND INVENTORY

DEL 1 PREPREčEVANJE IN POPIS

Article 9 Prevention of soil contamination

Člen 9 Preprečevanje onesnaženosti tal

For the purposes of preserving the soil functions referred to in Article 1(1), Member States shall take appropriate and proportionate measures to limit the intentional or unintentional introduction of dangerous substances on or in the soil, excluding those due to air deposition and those due to a natural phenomenon of exceptional, inevitable and irresistible character, in order to avoid accumulation that would hamper soil functions or give rise to significant risks to human health or the environment.

Za namen ohranitve funkcij tal iz člena 1(1) sprejmejo države članice ustrezne in sorazmerne ukrepe za omejevanje namernega ali nenamernega vnosa nevarnih snovi na ali v tla, razen za zračne usedline in za vnose snovi, ki so posledica izjemnih, neizogibnih in,neustavljivih naravnih pojavov, da se izognejo kopičenju, ki škoduje funkcijam tal ali predstavlja veliko nevarnost za zdravje ljudi in okolje.

Article 10 Inventory of contaminated sites

Člen 10Popis onesnaženih območij

1. Member States shall, in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 11, identify the sites in their national territory where there is a confirmed presence, caused by man, of dangerous substances of such a level that Member States consider they pose a significant risk to human health or the environment, hereinafter “contaminated sites”.

1. Države članice v skladu s postopki iz člena 1 na svojem državnem ozemlju opredelijo območja, v nadaljnjem besedilu „onesnažena območja“, kjer je potrjena prisotnost nevarnih snovi, ki jo je povzročil človek na taki stopnji, da države članice menijo, da predstavlja veliko nevarnost za zdravje ljudi in okolje.

That risk shall be evaluated taking into account current and approved future use of the land.

Pri oceni tveganja se upošteva sedanjo in prihodnjo odobreno rabo tal.

2. Member States shall establish a national inventory of contaminated sites, hereinafter “the inventory”. The inventory shall be made public and reviewed at least every five years.

2. Države članice sestavijo nacionalni popis onesnaženih območij, v nadaljnjem besedilu „popis“. Popis se objavi in pregleda vsaj vsakih pet let.

Article 11Identification procedure

Člen 11 Postopek opredelitve območij

1. Each Member State shall designate a competent authority to be responsible for the identification of contaminated sites.

1. Vsaka država članica imenuje pristojn i organ, ki je pristojen za opredeljevanje onesnaženih območij.

2. Within five years from [transposition date], the competent authorities shall have identified the location of at least the sites where the potentially soil-polluting activities referred to in Annex II are taking place or have taken place in the past.

2. V petih leti od [datuma prenosa] opredelijo pristojni organi najmanj območja, kjer se izvajajo morebitne onesnaževalne dejavnosti iz Priloge II, ki se trenutno izvajajo ali so se izvajale v preteklosti.

For those purposes, the activities referred to in point 2 of Annex II shall be considered independently of the thresholds specified in Annex I to Council Directive 96/61/EC[14], except for the activities carried out by micro-enterprises, as defined in point 3 of Article 2 in the Annex to Commission Recommendation 2003/361/EC[15], and those relative to the rearing of livestock.

V ta namen se dejavnosti iz točke 2 Priloge II obravnavajo neodvisno od pragov iz Priloge I k Direktivi Sveta 96/61/ES[14], razen za dejavnosti, ki jih izvajajo mikropodjetja, kot je določeno v točki 3 člena 2 Priloge k Priporočilu Komisije 2003/361/ES[15], in dejavnosti v zvezi z živinorejo.

The identification shall be reviewed at regular intervals.

Opredelitve se pregledajo v rednih časovnih presledkih.

3. In accordance with the following time-table, the competent authorities shall measure the concentration levels of dangerous substances in the sites identified in accordance with paragraph 2, and where the levels are such that there may be sufficient reasons to believe that they pose a significant risk to human health or the environment, an on-site risk assessment shall be carried out in relation to those sites:

3. Pristojni organi v skladu z naslednjim časovnim razporedom izmerijo koncentracijo nevarnih snovi na opredeljenih območjih v skladu z odstavkom 2; na območjih, kjer je raven takšna, da obstajajo zadostni verjetni razlogi za izpostavljenost veliki nevarnosti za zdravje ljudi ali okolje, na kraju samem ocenijo nevarnost:

(a) within five years from [transposition date], for at least 10% of the sites;

(a) v petih letih od [datum prenosa] na najmanj 10 % teh območij;

(b) within 15 years from [transposition date], for at least 60% of the sites;

(b) v 15 letih od [datum prenosa] na najmanj 60 % teh območij;

Article 12 Soil status report

Člen 12Poročilo o stanju tal

1. Where a site is to be sold on which a potentially polluting activity listed in Annex II is taking place, or for which the official records, such as national registers, show that it has taken place, Member States shall ensure that the owner of that site or the prospective buyer makes a soil status report available to the competent authority referred to in Article 11 and to the other party in the transaction.

1. Za območja v postopku prodaje, na katerih se izvaja onesnaževalna dejavnost iz Priloge II ali je iz uradne evidence, kot je nacionalni register, razvidno, da se je dejavnost izvajala, države članice zagotovijo, da lastnik navedenega območja ali bodoči kupec pristojnim organom iz člena 11 in drugi stranki transakcije predloži poročilo o stanju tal.

2. The soil status report shall be issued by an authorised body or person appointed by the Member State. It shall include at least the following details:

2. Poročilo o stanju tal izda pooblaščen organ ali oseba, ki jo določi država članica. Vsebuje najmanj naslednje podrobnosti:

(a) the background history of the site, as available from official records;

(a) podatke o območju iz preteklosti, dostopne iz uradnih evidenc;

(b) a chemical analysis determining the concentration levels of the dangerous substances in the soil, limited to those substances that are linked to the potentially polluting activity on the site;

(b) kemično analizo, v kateri je določena koncentracija nevarnih snovi v tleh, omejena na tiste snovi, ki so povezane z morebitno onesnaževalno dejavnostjo na kraju samem;

(c) the concentration levels at which there are sufficient reasons to believe that the dangerous substances concerned pose a significant risk to human health or to the environment.

(c) raven koncentracije, pri kateri obstaja zadosten razlog, da zadevne nevarne snovi predstavljajo znatno tveganje za zdravje ljudi in okolje.

3. Member States shall establish the methodology necessary for determining the concentration levels referred to in paragraph 2(b).

3. Države članice uvedejo metodologijo, potrebno za določitev ravni koncentracij iz odstavka 2(b).

4. The information contained in the soil status report shall be used by the competent authorities for the purposes of identifying contaminated sites in accordance with Article 10(1).

4. Podatke iz poročila o stanju tal uporabljajo pristojne oblasti z namenom, da opredelijo onesnažena območja v skladu s členom 10(1).

SECTION TWO REMEDIATION

DEL 2 SANACIJA

Article 13 Remediation

Člen 13 Sanacija

1. Member States shall ensure that the contaminated sites listed in their inventories are remediated.

1. Države članice zagotovijo sanacijo onesnaženih območij, navedenih v popisih.

2. Remediation shall consist of actions on the soil aimed at the removal, control, containment or reduction of contaminants so that the contaminated site, taking account of its current use and approved future use, no longer poses any significant risk to human health or the environment.

2. Sanacijo sestavljajo posegi v tla za odstranitev, nadzor, obvladovanje ali zmanjševanje onesnaževal tako, da onesnažena območja ne predstavljajo več velike nevarnosti za zdravje ljudi ali okolje, pri čemer se upošteva njihova trenutna in predvidena raba.

3. Member States shall set up appropriate mechanisms to fund the remediation of the contaminated sites for which, subject to the polluter pays principle, the person responsible for the pollution cannot be identified or cannot be held liable under Community or national legislation or may not be made to bear the costs of remediation.

3. Države članice vzpostavijo ustrezne mehanizme za financiranje sanacije onesnaženih območij, za katere ne velja načelo, da plača onesnaževalec, pri katerih na podlagi zakonodaje Skupnosti ali nacionalne zakonodaje odgovorne osebe ni mogoče ugotoviti ali bremeniti za stroške sanacije.

Article 14 National Remediation Strategy

Člen 14Nacionalna strategija sanacije

1. Member States shall, on the basis of the inventory and within seven years from [transposition date], draw up a National Remediation Strategy, including at least remediation targets, a prioritisation, starting with those sites which pose a significant risk to human health, a timetable for implementation, and the funds allocated by the authorities responsible for budgetary decisions in the Member States in accordance with their national procedures.

1. Države članice na osnovi popisa v sedmih letih od [datum prenosa] pripravijo nacionalno strategijo sanacije, ki vključuje najmanj cilje sanacije, prednostni seznam, ki se začenja z največjimi tveganji za zdravje ljudi, časovni načrt izvajanja in sredstva, ki so jih dodelili organi, odgovorni za proračunske odločitve v državah članicah, v skladu z njihovimi nacionalnimi postopki..

Where containment or natural recovery are applied, the evolution of the risk to human health or the environment shall be monitored.

Če se uporabita obvladovanje ali naravna obnovitev, je treba spremljati razvoj tveganja za zdravje ljudi in okolje.

2. The National Remediation Strategy shall be in application and be made public no later than eight years after [transposition date]. It shall be reviewed at least every five years.

2. Nacionalna strategija sanacije se začne uporabljati in objavi najkasneje osem let po [datumu prenosa]. Pregleda se najmanj vsakih pet let.

Chapter IV Awareness raising, reporting and exchange of information

Poglavje IV Ozaveščanje, poročanje in izmenjava informacij

Article 15 Awareness raising and public participation

Člen 15 Ozaveščanje in sodelovanje javnosti

1. Member States shall take appropriate measures to raise awareness about the importance of soil for human and ecosystem survival, and promote the transfer of knowledge and experience for a sustainable use of soil.

1. Države članice sprejmejo ukrepe za ozaveščanje o pomembnosti tal za preživetje človeka in ekosistema ter pospešujejo prenos znanja in izkušenj v zvezi s trajnostno rabo tal.

2. Article 2(1), (2), (3) and (5) of Directive 2003/35/EC shall apply to the preparation, modification and review of the programmes of measures on risk areas referred to in Article 8 and the National Remediation Strategies referred to in Article 14.

2. Členi 2(1), (2), (3) in (5) Direktive 2003/35/ES se uporabljajo za pripravo, spremembe in pregled programov ukrepov na ogroženih območjih iz člena 8 in za nacionalne strategije sanacije iz člena 14.

Article 16 Reporting

Člen 16Poročanje

1. Member States shall make the following information available to the Commission within eight years from [transposition date], and every five years thereafter:

1. Države članice Komisiji v petih letih od [datuma prenosa] in vsakih naslednjih pet let predložijo naslednje podatke:

(a) a summary of the initiatives taken pursuant to Article 5;

(a) povzetek pobud v skladu s členom 5;

(b) the risk areas established pursuant to Article 6(1);

(b) ogrožena območja v skladu s členom 6(1);

(d) the programmes of measures adopted pursuant to Article 8 as well as an assessment of the efficiency of the measures to reduce the risk and occurrence of soil degradation processes;

(d) programe ukrepov, sprejete v skladu s členom 8, in oceno učinkovitosti ukrepov za zmanjševanje nevarnosti in pojavov degradacijskih procesov;

(e) the outcome of the identification pursuant to Article 11(2) and (3) and the inventory of contaminated sites established pursuant to Article 10(2);

(e) rezultat opredelitev v skladu s členom 11(2) in (3) in popis onesnaženih območij v skladu s členom 10(2);

(f) the National Remediation Strategy adopted pursuant to Article 14;

(f) nacionalno strategijo sanacije, sprejeto v skladu s členom 14;

(g) a summary of the initiatives taken pursuant to Article 15 as regards awareness raising.

(g) povzetek pobud za ukrepe ozaveščanja v skladu s členom 15.

2. The information referred to in paragraph 1(b) shall be accompanied by metadata and shall be made available as documented digital georeferenced data in a format that can be read by a geographic information system (GIS).

2. Podatke iz odstavka 1(b), ki jih spremljajo metapodatki, so na voljo v dokumentirani digitalni obliki z geološkimi podatki, ki je čitljiva v geografskem informacijskem sistemu (GIS).

Article 17 Exchange of information

Člen 17Izmenjava informacij

Within one year from [entry into force], the Commission shall set up a platform for the exchange of information between Member States and stakeholders on the risk area identification pursuant to Article 6 and on risk assessment methodologies for contaminated sites currently in use or under development.

V enem letu od [začetek veljavnosti] Komisija pripravi platformo za izmenjavo podatkov med državami članicami in interesnimi stranmi o opredeljenih območjih tveganja v skladu s členom 6 in za metodologijo ugotavljanja nevarnosti za trenutna ali onesnažena območja v uporabi ali v nastajanju.

Chapter V Final provisions

Poglavje V Končne določbe

Article 18 Implementation and adaptation to technical progress

Člen 18 Izvajanje in prilagajanje tehničnemu napredku

1. The Commission may, in accordance with the regulatory procedure with scrutiny referred to in Article 19(3), adapt Annex I to technical and scientific progress.

1. Komisija lahko Prilogo I na podlagi regulativnega postopka s pregledom iz člena 19(3) prilagodi tehničnemu in znanstvenemu napredku.

2. Where, on the basis of the exchange of information referred to in Article 17, a need to harmonise the risk assessment methodologies for soil contamination is identified, the Commission shall adopt common criteria for soil contamination risk assessment in accordance with the regulatory procedure with scrutiny referred to in Article 19(3).

2. Če se na podlagi izmenjanih podatkov iz člena 17 ugotovi potreba po uskladitvi metodologij za oceno nevarnosti onesnaženosti tal, Komisija sprejme skupen kriterij za ovrednotenje tveganj zaradi onesnaženosti tal v skladu z regulativnim postopkom s pregledom iz člena 19(3).

3. Within four years after [date of entry into force], the Commission shall adopt, in accordance with the regulatory procedure referred to in Article 19(2), the necessary provisions on data and metadata quality, utilisation of historical data, methods, access, and data-exchange formats for the implementation of the provisions of Article 16.

3. V štirih letih po [datumu začetka veljavnosti] sprejme Komisija v skladu z regulativnim postopkom iz člena 19(2) nujne določbe za kakovost podatkov in metapodatkov, uporabo zgodovinskih podatkov, metode, dostop, obliko izmenjave podatkov in izvajanje določb iz člena 16.

Article 19 Committee

Člen 19Odbor

1. The Commission shall be assisted by a committee, hereinafter “the Committee”.

1. Komisiji pomaga odbor, v nadaljnjem besedilu „odbor“.

2. Where reference is made to this paragraph, Articles 5 and 7 of Decision 1999/468/EC shall apply, having regard to the provisions of Article 8 thereof.

2. Pri sklicevanju na ta odstavek se uporabljata člena 5 in 7 Sklepa 1999/468/ES, pri čemer se upošteva določbe iz člena 8 tega sklepa.

The period laid down in Article 5(6) of Decision 1999/468/EC shall be set at three months.

Obdobje iz člena 5(6) Sklepa 1999/468/ES traja tri mesece.

3. Where reference is made to this paragraph, Article 5a, paragraphs 1 to 4 and Article 7 of Decision 1999/468/EC shall apply.

3. Če se sklicuje na ta odstavek, se uporabljajo člen 5a, odstavki 1 do 4, in člen 7 Sklepa 1999/468/ES.

4. The Committee shall adopt its rules of procedure.

4. Odbor sprejme poslovnik.

Article 20 Commission report

Člen 20Poročilo Komisije

1. The Commission shall publish a first evaluation report on the implementation of this Directive within two years of receiving the programmes of measures and National Remediation Strategies.

1. Komisija izda prvo poročilo o oceni izvajanja te direktive v obdobju dveh let po sprejetju programov ukrepov in nacionalnih strategij sanacij.

The Commission shall publish further reports every five years thereafter.

Komisija nato vsakih pet let izda poročilo.

It shall submit the reports to the European Parliament and to the Council.

Poročilo predloži Evropskemu parlamentu in Svetu.

2. The reports provided for in paragraph 1 shall include a review of progress in the implementation of this Directive based on an assessments made by the Commission pursuant to Article 16.

2. Poročila iz odstavka 1 vključujejo pregled napredka pri izvajanju te direktive, ki temelji na oceni Komisije v skladu s členom 16.

Article 21 Review

Člen 21 Pregled

The Commission shall review this Directive at the latest [15 years after the date of entry into force] and shall, where appropriate, propose any necessary amendments.

Komisija najkasneje v [15 letih po začetku veljavnosti] direktivo pregleda in predlaga potrebne spremembe.

Article 22 Penalties

Člen 22 Kazni

The Member States shall lay down the rules on penalties applicable to infringements of the national provisions adopted pursuant to this Directive and shall take all measures necessary to ensure that they are implemented. The penalties provided for must be effective, proportionate and dissuasive. The Member States shall notify those provisions to the Commission by the date specified in Article 24 at the latest and shall notify it without delay of any subsequent amendment affecting them.

Države članice določijo kazni za kršitve nacionalnih določb, sprejetih v skladu z direktivo, in sprejmejo vse potrebne ukrepe za njihovo izvajanje. Predvidene kazni morajo biti učinkovite, sorazmerne in odvračilne. Države članice navedene določbe posredujejo Komisiji najkasneje do datuma iz člena 24 in brez zamude sporočijo vse kasnejše spremembe.

Article 23 Amendment to Directive 2004/35/EC

Člen 23 Sprememba Direktive 2004/35/ES

In Article 6 of Directive 2004/35/EC, paragraph 3 is replaced by the following:

V členu 6 Direktive 2004/35/EC se odstavek 3 nadomesti z naslednjim:

“3. The competent authority shall require the remedial measures to be taken by the operator. Subject to Article 13(1) of Directive xx/xx/xx, if the operator fails to comply with the obligations laid down in paragraph 1 or 2(b), (c) or (d) of this Article, or cannot be identified or is not required to bear the costs under this Directive, those measures may be taken by the competent authority itself.”

„3. Pristojne oblasti zahtevajo, da izvajalec sprejme sanacijske ukrepe. V skladu s členom 13(1) Direktive xx/xx/xx lahko ukrepe sprejme pristojni organ sam, če izvajalec ne izpolni obvez iz odstavka 1 ali 2(b), (c) ali (d) tega člena, če ga ni mogoče ugotoviti ali bremeniti s stroški, nastalimi na podlagi te direktive.“

Article 24

Člen 24 Prenos

Transposition

1. Države članice sprejmejo zakone, predpise in upravne določbe, potrebne za dosego skladnosti s to direktivo, najkasneje v [24 mesecih po začetku veljavnosti]. Komisiji nemudoma predložijo besedilo teh predpisov s korelacijsko tabelo med predpisi in to direktivo.

1. Member States shall bring into force the laws, regulations and administrative provisions necessary to comply with this Directive by [24 months after the date of entry into force] at the latest. They shall forthwith communicate to the Commission the text of those provisions and a correlation table between those provisions and this Directive.

Pri sprejetju navedenih predpisov se morajo države članice sklicevati na to direktivo ali pa se nanjo sklicujejo ob njihovi uradni objavi. Način sklicevanja določijo države članice.

When Member States adopt those provisions, they shall contain a reference to this Directive or be accompanied by such a reference on the occasion of their official publication. Member States shall determine how such reference is to be made.

2. Države članice predložijo Komisiji besedila temeljnih predpisov nacionalne zakonodaje, sprejetih na področju, ki ga ureja ta direktiva.

2. Member States shall communicate to the Commission the text of the main provisions of national law which they adopt in the field covered by this Directive.

Člen 25 Začetek veljavnosti

Article 25

Ta direktiva začne veljati dvajseti dan po objavi v Uradnem listu Evropske unije .

Entry into force

Člen 26 Naslovniki

This Directive shall enter into force on the twentieth day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.

Direktiva je naslovljena na vse države članice.

Article 26

V Bruslju,

Addressees

Za Evropski parlament Za Svet

This Directive is addressed to the Member States.

Predsednik Predsednik

Done at Brussels,

PRILOGA I

For the European Parliament For the Council

DEL 1 SKUPNI ELEMENTI ZA OPREDELITEV OBMOČIJ, KI JIH OGROŽA EROZIJA |

The President The President

Tipološka enota tal (STU) (tip tal) |

ANNEX I

Struktura tal (raven STU) |

SECTION 1 COMMON ELEMENTS FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF AREAS AT RISK OF EROSION |

Gostota tal, hidravlične lastnosti (raven STU) |

Soil typological unit (STU) (soil type) |

Topografija, vključno z naklonom in dolžino nagiba |

Soil texture (STU level) |

Površina zemljišča |

Soil density, hydraulic properties (STU level) |

Raba zemljišč (vključno z upravljanjem zemljišč, sistemi kmetovanja in gozdarstvom) |

Topography, including slope gradient and slope length |

Podnebje (vključno s porazdelitvijo padavin in značilnostmi vetra) |

Land cover |

Hidrološki pogoji |

Land use (including land management, farming systems and forestry) |

Agro-ekološko območje |

Climate (including rainfall distribution and wind characteristics) |

DEL 2 SKUPNI ELEMENTI ZA OPREDELITEV OBMOČIJ, KI JIH OGROŽA ZMANJŠANJE KOLIČINE ORGANSKIH SNOVI |

Hydrological conditions |

Tipološka enota tal (STU) (tip tal) |

Agro-ecological zone |

Struktura tal/vsebnost gline |

SECTION 2 COMMON ELEMENTS FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF AREAS AT RISK OF SOIL ORGANIC MATTER DECLINE |

Organski ogljik v tleh (skupna koncentracija in koncentracija humusa) |

Soil typological unit (STU) (soil type) |

Organski ogljik v tleh (zaloga) |

Soil texture/clay content |

Podnebje (vključno z razporeditvijo padavin in lastnostmi vetra) |

Soil organic carbon (total and humus concentration) |

Topografija |

Soil organic carbon (stock) |

Površina zemljišča |

Climate (including rainfall distribution and wind characteristics) |

Raba zemljišč (vključno z upravljanjem zemljišč, sistemi kmetovanja in gozdarstvom) |

Topography |

DEL 3 SKUPNI ELEMENTI ZA OPREDELITEV OBMOČIJ, KI JIH OGROŽA ZBIJANJE TAL |

Land cover |

Tipološka enota tal (STU) (tip tal) |

Land use (including land management, farming systems and forestry) |

Struktura vrhnje in spodnje plasti tal (raven STU) |

SECTION 3 COMMON ELEMENTS FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF AREAS AT RISK OF COMPACTION |

Gostota vrhnje in spodnje plasti tal (raven STU) |

Soil typological unit (STU) (soil type) |

Organske snovi v tleh (raven STU) |

Topsoil and subsoil texture (STU level) |

Podnebje |

Topsoil and subsoil bulk density (STU level) |

Površina zemljišča |

Soil organic matter (STU level) |

Raba zemljišč (vključno z upravljanjem zemljišč, sistemi kmetovanja in gozdarstvom) |

Climate |

Topografija |

Land cover |

DEL 4 SKUPNI ELEMENTI ZA OPREDELITEV OBMOČIJ, KI JIH OGROŽA ZASOLJEVANJE |

Land use (including land management, farming systems and forestry) |

Tipološka enota tal (STU) (tip tal) |

Topography |

Struktura tal (raven STU) |

SECTION 4 COMMON ELEMENTS FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF AREAS AT RISK OF SALINISATION |

Hidrološke lastnosti tal |

Soil typological unit (STU) (soil type) |

Namakana območja, kemijske lastnosti namakalne vode in vrsta namakalnih tehnik |

Soil texture (STU level) |

Podatki o podtalnici |

Soil hydraulic properties |

Podnebje |

Irrigation areas, chemical properties of irrigated water and type of irrigation techniques |

DEL 5 SKUPNI ELEMENTI ZA OPREDELITEV OBMOČIJ, KI JIH OGROŽA ZEMELJSKI USAD |

Groundwater information |

Tipološka enota tal (STU) (tip tal) |

Climate |

Pogostost/obseg zemeljskih usadov |

SECTION 5 COMMON ELEMENTS FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF AREAS AT RISK OF LANDSLIDES |

Kamninska podlaga |

Soil typological unit (STU) (soil type) |

Topografija |

Occurrence/density of existing landslides |

Površina zemljišča |

Bedrock |

Raba zemljišč (vključno z upravljanjem zemljišč, sistemi kmetovanja in gozdarstvom) |

Topography |

Podnebje |

Land cover |

Potresno tveganje |

Land use (including land management, farming systems and forestry) |

PRILOGA IISeznam onesnaževalnih dejavnosti

Climate |

1. Obrati, kjer so ali so bile prisotne nevarne snovi v količinah, ki ustrezajo ali presegajo količine iz stolpca 2 dela 1 in stolpca 2 dela 2 Priloge I k Direktivi Sveta 96/82/ES (Seveso)[16].

Seismic risk |

2. Dejavnosti, zajete v Prilogi I k Direktivi Sveta 96/61/ES.

ANNEX II List of potentially soil polluting activities

3. Letališča.

1. Establishments where dangerous substances are or were present in quantities equal to or in excess of the amounts indicated in Parts 1 and 2, column 2 of Annex I to Council Directive 96/82/EC (Seveso)[16].

4. Pristanišča.

2. Activities listed in Annex I to Council Directive 96/61/EC.

5. Nekdanja vojaška oporišča.

3. Airports.

6. Bencinske črpalke.

4. Ports.

7. Kemične čistilnice.

5. Former military sites.

8. Rudarski obrati, ki jih Direktiva Sveta 96/82/ES ne zajema, vključno z napravami za obdelavo odpadkov, kot je določeno v Direktivi Evropskega parlamenta in Sveta 2006/21/ES [17].

6. Petrol and filling stations.

9. Odlagališča odpadkov opredeljena v Direktivi Sveta 1999/31/ES[18].

7. Dry cleaners.

10. Naprave za obdelavo odpadnih voda.

8. Mining installations not covered by Council Directive 96/82/EC, including extractive waste facilities as defined in Directive 2006/21/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council[17].

11. Cevovodi za prenos nevarnih snovi.

9. Landfills of waste as defined in Council Directive 1999/31/EC[18].

[1] […]

10. Waste water treatment installations.

[2] […]

11. Pipelines for the transport of dangerous substances.

[3] […]

[1] […]

[4] […]

[2] […]

[5] UL L 242, 10.9.2002, str. 1.

[3] […]

[6] COM(2002) 179.

[4] […]

[7] COM(2006) 15.

[5] OJ L 242, 10.9.2002, p. 1.

[8] UL L 143, 30.4.2004, str. 56.

[6] COM(2002) 179.

[9] UL L 156, 25.6.2003, str. 17.

[7] COM(2006) 15.

[10] UL L 184, 17.7.1999, str. 23. Sklep, kakor je bil spremenjen s Sklepom 2006/512/ES (UL L 200, 22.7.2006, str.11)

[8] OJ L 143, 30.4.2004, p. 56.

[11] UL L 327, 22.12.2000, str. 1.

[9] OJ L 156, 25.6.2003, p. 17.

[12] UL L 196, 16.8.1967, str. l.

[10] OJ L 184, 17.7.1999, p. 23. Decision as amended by Decision 2006/512/EC (OJ L 200, 22.7.2006, p. 11).

[13] UL L 200, 30.7.1999, str. 1.

[11] OJ L 327, 22.12.2000, p. 1.

[14] UL L 257, 10.10.1996, str. 26.

[12] OJ L 196, 16.8.1967, p. l.

[15] UL L 124, 20.5.2003, str. 36

[13] OJ L 200, 30.7.1999, p. 1.

[16] UL L 10, 14.1.1997, str. 13.

[14] OJ L 257, 10.10.1996, p. 26.

[17] UL L 102, 11.4.2006, str. 15.

[15] OJ L 124, 20.5.2003, p. 36.

[18] UL L 182, 16.7.1999, str. 1.

[16] OJ L 10, 14.1.1997, p. 13.

[17] OJ L 102, 11.4.2006, p. 15.

[18] OJ L 182, 16.7.1999, p. 1.

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