[pic] | EUROPEAN COMMISSION | HIGH REPRESENTATIVE OF THE UNION FOR FOREIGN AFFAIRS AND SECURITY POLICY |

[pic] | EVROPSKA KOMISIJA | VISOKA PREDSTAVNICA UNIJE ZA ZUNANJE ZADEVE IN VARNOSTNO POLITIKO |

Brussels, 8.3.2011

Bruselj, 8.3.2011

COM(2011) 200 final

COM(2011) 200 konč.

JOINT COMMUNICATION TO THE EUROPEAN COUNCIL, THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT, THE COUNCIL, THE EUROPEAN ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COMMITTEE AND THE COMMITTEE OF THE REGIONS

SKUPNO SPOROČILO EVROPSKEMU SVETU, EVROPSKEMU PARLAMENTU, SVETU, EVROPSKEMU EKONOMSKO-SOCIALNEMU ODBORU IN ODBORU REGIJ

A PARTNERSH IP FOR DEMOCRACY AND SHARED PROSPERITY WITH THE SOUTHERN MEDITERRANEAN

PARTNERSTVO ZA DEMOKRACIJO IN SKUPNO BLAGINJOZ DRŽAVAMI JUŽNEGA SREDOZEMLJA

JOINT COMMUNICATIONTO THE EUROPEAN COUNCIL, THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT, THE COUNCIL, THE EUROPEAN ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COMMITTEE AND THE COMMITTEE OF THE REGIONS

SKUPNO SPOROČILO EVROPSKEMU SVETU, EVROPSKEMU PARLAMENTU, SVETU, EVROPSKEMU EKONOMSKO-SOCIALNEMU ODBORU IN ODBORU REGIJ

A PARTNERSHIP FOR DEMOCRACY AND SHARED PROSPERITY WITH THE SOUTHERN MEDITERRANEAN

PARTNERSTVO ZA DEMOKRACIJO IN SKUPNO BLAGINJOZ DRŽAVAMI JUŽNEGA SREDOZEMLJA

INTRODUCTION

UVOD

The events unfolding in our southern neighbourhood are of historic proportions. They reflect a profound transformation process and will have lasting consequences not only for the people and countries of the region but also for the rest of the world and the EU in particular The changes now underway carry the hope of a better life for the people of the region and for greater respect of human rights, pluralism, rule of law and social justice – universal values that we all share. Movement towards full democracy is never an easy path - there are risks and uncertainties associated with these transitions. While acknowledging the difficulties the EU has to take the clear and strategic option of supporting the quest for the principles and values that it cherishes. For these reasons the EU must not be a passive spectator. It needs to support wholeheartedly the wish of the people in our neighbourhood to enjoy the same freedoms that we take as our right. European countries have their own experience of democratic transition. The European Union has a proud tradition of supporting countries in transition from autocratic regimes to democracy, first in the South and more recently in Central and Eastern Europe. While respecting what are primarily internal transformation processes, the EU can offer expertise - that of governments, the European Institutions (European Commission and European Parliament), local and regional authorities, political parties, foundations, trade unions and civil society organizations. There is a shared interest in a democratic, stable, prosperous and peaceful Southern Mediterranean.

Dogodki, ki se odvijajo v južnih sosednjih državah, se bodo zapisali v zgodovino. Odražajo temeljno družbeno preobrazbo ter bodo imeli trajne posledice ne samo za ljudi in države v regiji, ampak tudi za preostali del sveta, zlasti za EU. Trenutne spremembe pomenijo za ljudi v regiji upanje na boljše življenje, večje spoštovanje človekovih pravic, pluralizem, pravno državo in družbeno pravičnost – univerzalne vrednote, za katere si vsi prizadevamo. Prehod v popolno demokracijo ni nikoli lahek – z njim so povezana tudi tveganja in negotovost. EU mora sprejeti jasno in strateško odločitev, tj. da kljub pričakovanim težavam podpre prizadevanja za načela in vrednote, ki jih varuje. Zato ne sme imeti zgolj vloge pasivnega opazovalca. Odločno mora podpreti željo ljudi v sosednjih državah, da bi uživali iste svoboščine, kot so naše pravice. Evropske države imajo svoje lastne izkušnje z demokratično tranzicijo. Evropska unija ima ponosno tradicijo podpiranja držav v tranziciji iz avtokratskih režimov v demokracijo najprej na jugu, nedavno pa v Srednji in Vzhodni Evropi. Čeprav se EU zaveda, da so to zlasti notranji procesi sprememb, lahko ponudi strokovno znanje – strokovno znanje vlad, evropskih institucij (Evropske komisije in Evropskega parlamenta), lokalnih in regionalnih organov, političnih strank, ustanov, sindikatov in organizacij civilne družbe. Obstaja skupni interes za demokratično, stabilno in mirno južno Sredozemlje, v katerem vlada blaginja.

We believe that now is the time for a qualitative step forward in the relations between the EU and its Southern neighbours. This new approach should be rooted unambiguously in a joint commitment to common values. The demand for political participation, dignity, freedom and employment opportunities expressed in recent weeks can only be addressed through faster and more ambitious political and economic reforms. The EU is ready to support all its Southern neighbours who are able and willing to embark on such reforms through a “ Partnership for Democracy and Shared Prosperity ”. The commitment to democracy, human rights, social justice, good governance and the rule of law must be shared. The Partnership must be based on concrete progress in these areas. It must be a differentiated approach . Despite some commonalities, no country in the region is the same so we must react to the specificities of each of them.

Menimo, da je napočil čas, da v odnosih med EU in njenimi južnimi sosednjimi državami naredimo kakovosten korak naprej. Ta novi pristop naj bi nedvoumno temeljil na skupni zavezanosti skupnim vrednotam. Na zahteve po politični participaciji, dostojanstvu, svobodi in možnostih zaposlovanja, ki so bile izražene v zadnjih tednih, se je mogoče odzvati zgolj s hitrejšimi in višje zastavljenimi političnimi in gospodarskimi reformami. EU je vse svoje južne sosednje države, ki so takšne reforme sposobne in pripravljene izvesti, pripravljena podpreti v okviru partnerstva za demokracijo in skupno blaginjo . Skupaj se je treba zavezati demokraciji, človekovim pravicam, družbeni pravičnosti, dobremu upravljanju in pravni državi. Partnerstvo mora temeljiti na konkretnem napredku na teh področjih. Pristop mora biti diferenciran . Kljub nekaterim skupnim lastnostim se države v regiji med seboj razlikujejo, zato se moramo nanje odzvati glede na njihove posebnosti.

A "Partnership for Democracy and Shared Prosperity" should be built on the following three elements: democratic transformation and institution-building, with a particular focus on fundamental freedoms, constitutional reforms, reform of the judiciary and the fight against corruption a stronger partnership with the people, with specific emphasis on support to civil society and on enhanced opportunities for exchanges and people-to-people contacts with a particular focus on the young sustainable and inclusive growth and economic development especially support to Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), vocational and educational training, improving health and education systems and development of the poorer regions. |

Partnerstvo za demokracijo in skupno blaginjo mora temeljiti na naslednjih treh elementih: demokratičnem prehodu in krepitvi institucij s posebnim poudarkom na temeljnih svoboščinah, ustavnih reformah, reformah sodstva in boju proti korupciji, močnejšem partnerstvu z ljudstvom s posebnim poudarkom na podpori civilni družbi ter boljšim možnostim za izmenjavo in ustvarjanje medčloveških stikov, zlasti z mladino, vzdržni in vključujoči rasti ter gospodarskem razvoju, zlasti na podpori malim in srednje velikim podjetjem (MSP), poklicnemu in strokovnemu izobraževanju, izboljšanju zdravstvenega in izobraževalnega sistema ter razvoju revnejših regij. |

- This Communication explains what the EU has done to address the short-term consequences of recent events in North Africa. It then spells out our approach to the longer term process of turning into reality the tremendous hopes that have been voiced in the region. It will be developed by listening, not only to requests for support from partner governments, but also to demands expressed by civil society.

- V tem sporočilu je pojasnjeno, kaj je EU storila, da bi se odzvala na kratkoročne posledice nedavnih dogodkov v severni Afriki. Opisan je tudi naš pristop k dolgoročnemu procesu, s katerim naj bi se uresničila visoka pričakovanja, ki so zaživela v regiji. Ta pristop bo temeljil na poslušanju, in sicer ne samo prošenj partnerskih vlad za podporo, ampak tudi zahtev civilne družbe.

A radically changing political landscape in the Southern Mediterranean requires a change in the EU’s approach to the region – the underlying themes of differentiation, conditionality and of a partnership between our societies are part of the ongoing review of the European Neighbourhood Policy on which we will present a joint Communication in April.

Korenite spremembe v političnem okolju južnega Sredozemlja od EU zahtevajo spremenjen pristop k regiji – prednostne teme diferenciacije, pogojenost in partnerstva med našimi družbami se obravnavajo v ponovnem pregledu evropske sosedske politike, ki ga bomo predložili aprila v skupnem sporočilu.

OUR IMMEDIATE RESPONSE

NAŠ TAKOJŠNJI ODZIV

Humanitarian aid (EUR 30 million) Facilitating consular cooperation and evacuation Frontex joint operations Drawing on the EUR 25 million EU External Borders Fund and European Refugee Fund High Representative/Vice President (HR/VP) visits to Tunisia and Egypt; international co-ordination meeting in Brussels Support for Democratic transition |

Humanitarna pomoč (30 milijonov EUR) Boljše konzularno sodelovanje in evakuacije Skupne operacije agencije Frontex Črpanje sredstev iz sklada EU za zunanje meje in evropskega sklada za begunce v višini 25 milijonov EUR Obisk visoke predstavnice / podpredsednice Komisije v Tuniziji in Egiptu in mednarodno usklajevalno srečanje v Bruslju Podpora demokratični tranziciji |

- Our first concern has been to respond rapidly and effectively to the immediate challenges of the evolving situation in our Southern Neighbourhood and to address and pre-empt the risks of further bloodshed and hardship.

- Naša prva skrb je bila, da se hitro in učinkovito odzovemo na neposredne izzive nastale situacije v naših južnih sosednjih državah ter da preprečimo in prestrežemo tveganja nadaljnjega prelivanja krvi in težavnih razmer.

EUR 30 million has been made available in humanitarian aid by the Commission to tackle the most immediate humanitarian needs in Libya and of displaced persons at the Tunisian and Egyptian borders. With this aid, we are providing medical and food aid, shelter and other necessities. Commission experts are on the ground and contingency planning is taking place to ensure a rapid response in case the situation deteriorates further. Vigilance is necessary as the humanitarian crisis threatens to escalate to neighbouring countries both in the Maghreb and sub Saharan Africa as people flee from Libya. The Commission will increase financial support if needs on the ground so require it and we encourage EU Member States to continue to respond in a similar fashion.

Komisija je zagotovila 30 milijonov EUR humanitarne pomoči , s katero naj bi zadovoljila najnujnejše humanitarne potrebe v Libiji in humanitarne potrebe razseljenih oseb na tunizijski in egiptovski meji. S to pomočjo zagotavljamo zdravniško pomoč in pomoč v hrani, zatočišča in druge potrebščine. Strokovnjaki Komisije so na terenu in pripravljajo krizni načrt, da se bomo lahko hitro odzvali, če se bo situacija še poslabšala. Moramo biti pazljivi, saj humanitarna kriza grozi, da se bo zaradi bega ljudi iz Libije razširila tudi na sosednje države v Magrebu in podsaharski Afriki. Komisija bo finančno pomoč povečala, če bodo to zahtevale potrebe na terenu. Države članice EU pozivamo, da se podobno odzovejo.

Close consular cooperation has been maintained between all Member States and the EU and appropriate EU mechanisms, including the Situation Centre in the EEAS, have been activated to allow rapid exchange of information and most effective use of resources. The EU Civil Protection Mechanism (MIC) was activated on 23 February to facilitate the evacuation of EU citizens by way of an air and sea bridge. The EU Military Staff has been supporting this overall effort. The Commission is cooperating with international organisations (UNHCR, International Organisation for Migration, IOM) to help people who want to leave Libya get back to their home countries. Use of Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP) instruments for strengthening the short-term action could be considered.

Med vsemi državami članicami in EU še naprej poteka tesno konzularno sodelovanje, delovati pa so začeli tudi ustrezni mehanizmi EU, med drugim Situacijski center Evropske službe za zunanje delovanje, ki zagotavlja hitro izmenjavo informacij in čim bolj učinkovito uporabo virov. Da bi pospešili evakuacijo evropskih državljanov po zračnem in morskem mostu, je bil 23. februarja aktiviran mehanizem civilne zaščite EU (MIC). Ta prizadevanja podpira vojaško osebje EU. Komisija sodeluje z mednarodnimi organizacijami (UNHCR, Mednarodna organizacija za migracije, IOM), da bi pomagala ljudem, ki želijo zapustiti Libijo in se vrniti v domovino. Za krepitev kratkoročnih ukrepov bi lahko preučili uporabo instrumentov skupne varnostne in obrambne politike (SVOP).

The Commission has mobilised its instruments to support Italy, and other Member States if needed, in case a massive influx of migrants from North Africa were to materialise. This response includes operational measures and financial assistance. The Frontex joint operation HERMES 2011 was launched on 20 February, with assets and experts from a number of Member States. If required, Frontex operations could be strengthened to help deal with possible new inflows. The Commission is ready to mobilise i.a. financial assistance from funds such as the External Borders Fund and European Refugee Fund which amount to EUR 25 million in total..

Komisija je mobilizirala instrumente, s katerimi želi podpreti Italijo in po potrebi druge države članice pri morebitnem množičnem pritoku priseljencev iz severne Afrike. Ta odziv obsega tudi operativne ukrepe in finančno pomoč. Skupna operacija agencije Frontex po imenu HERMES 2011, v kateri sodelujejo številne države članice s svojo opremo in strokovnjaki, se je začela 20. februarja. Pri morebitnih novih pritokih priseljencev bi lahko operacije agencije Frontex po potrebi okrepila. Poleg tega je Komisija med drugim pripravljena zagotoviti finančno pomoč iz skladov, kot sta sklad EU za zunanje meje in evropski sklad za begunce, ki skupaj znaša 25 milijonov EUR.

In Tunisia , EUR 17 million was allocated for immediate and short-term support for democratic transition and assistance to impoverished inland areas. This includes support to establish an appropriate legal framework for the holding of elections and for an EU Election Observation Mission in support of the work of the National Commission for Constitutional Reform and Elections. It also covers additional support for civil society. Further support for democratic reform will be provided through the Instrument for Stability. Following her visits to Tunisia and Egypt, the HR/VP convened an international meeting on 23 February providing the opportunity to compare notes with main partners and major International Financial Institutions (IFIs) on developments in the region. The meeting reconfirmed that the efforts of the international community must be closely coordinated and aligned with and guided by the priorities expressed by the Tunisians and the Egyptians themselves

V Tuniziji je bilo 17 milijonov EUR dodeljenih za neposredno in kratkoročno podporo demokratični tranziciji ter za pomoč revnim območjem v notranjosti. Paket vsebuje sredstva za vzpostavitev ustreznega pravnega okvira za izvajanje volitev ter za misijo EU za opazovanje volitev kot podporo delu Nacionalne komisije za ustavne reforme in volitve. Vsebuje tudi dodatna sredstva za civilno družbo. Nadaljnja sredstva za demokratične reforme bomo zagotovili prek instrumenta za stabilnost. Visoka predstavnica / podpredsednica Komisije je po obiskih v Tuniziji in Egiptu 23. februarja sklicala mednarodno zasedanje, na katerem je z glavnimi partnerji in najpomembnejšimi mednarodnimi finančnimi institucijami (IFI) izmenjala mnenja o razvoju dogodkov v regiji. Na zasedanju je bilo potrjeno, da morajo biti prizadevanja mednarodne skupnosti tesno usklajena ter prilagojena prednostnim nalogam Tunizijcev in Egipčanov, ki morajo ta prizadevanja tudi usmerjati.

For Egypt , it would be premature to announce a support package until the authorities are ready to make a request for assistance and define priority needs. The EU is ready to mobilise support in line with those priorities when they are ready.

Prezgodaj bi bilo, da bi za Egipt napovedali paket pomoči, dokler njegovi organi ne bodo pripravljeni zahtevati pomoči ter opredeliti prednostnih potreb. Ko bodo pripravljeni, bo EU lahko zagotovila pomoč, ki bo v skladu s takšnimi prednostnimi nalogami.

In Libya , the EU has been firm in its condemnation of the acts perpetrated by the Gaddafi regime. It immediately suspended negotiations of the EU-Libya framework agreement and all technical cooperation.. In addition to the UN sanctions, on 28 February the EU adopted further restrictive measures such as an embargo on equipment which might be used for internal repression and autonomous designations under the travel restrictions and assets freeze. Additional measures have been proposed.

V Libiji je EU ostro obsodila dejanja, ki jih je zagrešil Gadafijev režim. Takoj je zaustavila pogajanja o okvirnem sporazumu med EU in Libijo ter celotno tehnično sodelovanje z Libijo. Poleg sankcij ZN je EU 28. februarja sprejela nadaljnje omejevalne ukrepe, npr. embargo na opremo, ki se lahko uporablja za notranjo represijo, avtonomno omejevanje potovanj ter zamrznitev sredstev. Predlagala je tudi dodatne ukrepe.

ADAPTING OUR APPROACH

PRILAGODITEV NAŠEGA PRISTOPA

- Reviewing and adjusting EU Neighbourhood Policy

- Ponovni pregled in prilagoditev sosedske politike EU

- Moving towards advanced status in Association Agreements

- Približevanje naprednemu statusu v pridružitvenih sporazumih

- Enhancing political dialogue

- Izboljšanje političnega dialoga

The EU response to the changes taking place in the region needs to be more focused, innovative and ambitious, addressing the needs of the people and the realities on the ground. Political and economic reforms must go hand-in-hand and help deliver political rights and freedoms, accountability and participation. The EU should be ready to offer greater support to those countries ready to work on such a common agenda, but also reconsider support when countries depart from this track.

Odziv EU na spremembe, ki se dogajajo v regiji, mora biti bolj osredotočen, inovativen in visoko zastavljen, prilagoditi pa se mora potrebam ljudi in dogajanju na terenu. Politične in gospodarske reforme se morajo dopolnjevati ter prispevati k zagotavljanju političnih pravic in svoboščin, politične odgovornosti in udeležbe. EU mora biti pripravljena, da bo državam, ki se za to želijo odločiti, ponudila večjo podporo, ter da bo podporo ponovno preučila, če bodo te države zašle s poti.

This new approach, a “Partnership for Democracy and Shared Prosperity” represents a fundamental step change in the EU’s relationship with those partners that commit themselves to specific, measurable reforms. It is an incentive-based approach based on more differentiation ( "more for more"): those that go further and faster with reforms will be able to count on greater support from the EU. Support will be reallocated or refocused for those who stall or retrench on agreed reform plans.

Ta novi pristop, t. i. partnerstvo za demokracijo in skupno blaginjo , je temeljna sprememba v odnosih EU z navedenimi državami partnericami, ki so se zavezale k posebnim, merljivim reformam. Gre za pristop, ki temelji na spodbudah , in diferencira med posameznimi državami („več za več“): tiste države, ki bodo razširile obseg reform in jih hitreje izvajale, bodo lahko računale na večjo podporo EU. Pri tistih državah, ki bodo z dogovorjenimi načrtovanimi reformami zamujale ali jih ne bodo izvajale, se bo podpora prerazporedila ali preusmerila.

More concretely, closer political co-operation means advancing towards higher standards of human rights and governance based on a set of minimum benchmarks against which performance will be assessed. A commitment to adequately monitored, free and fair elections should be the entry qualification for the Partnership . It also means closer co-operation in the context of the Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) and more joint work in international fora on issues of common interest. The EU will continue to offer its commitment and support to the peaceful resolution of disputes within and between States in the region. The Partnership should be underpinned by enhanced political dialogue. The EU will step up bilateral political dialogue at all levels, as soon as local conditions allow, with a strong focus on human rights and political accountability.

Tesnejše politično sodelovanje torej pomeni približevanje višjim standardom človekovih pravic in upravljanja, ki bodo temeljili na najnižjih merilih, na podlagi katerih se bo ocenjevala njihova uspešnost. Pogoj za vstop v partnerstvo mora biti zavezanost k ustrezno nadzorovanim, svobodnim in poštenim volitvam. Pomeni tudi tesnejše sodelovanje na področju skupne zunanje in varnostne politike (SZVP) ter na mednarodnem prizorišču pri vprašanjih skupnega interesa. EU bo še naprej zavezana k mirnemu reševanju sporov v državah v regiji in med njimi ter jih bo pri tem tudi podpirala. Partnerstvo mora podpreti okrepljen politični dialog. EU bo z državami v regiji poglobila dvostranski politični dialog na vseh ravneh, takoj ko bodo to dopuščale lokalne razmere, glavni poudarek pa bo na človekovih pravicah in politični odgovornosti.

Partner countries carrying out the necessary reforms can expect to resume negotiations on Association Agreements with the aim of achieving "advanced status" which allows for significantly strengthened political dialogue and increased links between the partner country and EU institutions. This will encompass deeper engagement on mobility and improved market access to the EU.

Partnerske države, ki izvajajo potrebne reforme, lahko pričakujejo, da se bodo pogajanja o pridružitvenih sporazumih nadaljevala , da bi dosegli „napreden status“, ki omogoča bistveno bolj okrepljen politični dialog ter tesnejšo povezanost partnerskih držav z institucijami EU. To bo zajemalo večja prizadevanja za mobilnost in boljši dostop do trga EU.

DEMOCRACY AND INSTITUTION BUILDING

DEMOKRACIJA IN KREPITEV INSTITUCIJ

- Expanding support to civil society

- Razširitev obsega podpore civilni družbi

- Establishing a Civil Society Neighbourhood Facility

- Ustanovitev Sklada za civilno družbo v sosedstvu

- Support Social Dialogue Forum

- Podpora forumu o socialnem dialogu

The EU is ready to support the democratic and constitutional reform processes. Judicial reform, enhanced transparency and the fight against corruption are of particular importance in this process, both to encourage foreign and domestic economic investment and to demonstrate to people a visible change in their daily lives. We are ready to make expertise available, through instruments such as twinning and TAIEX, to support capacity building with a particular focus on strengthening government institutions that can ensure the consolidation of change, including at regional and local level. Our expertise in electoral assistance will also be fully mobilised to accompany the electoral processes in Tunisia and, if requested by the authorities in Egypt.

EU je pripravljena podpreti procese demokratičnih in ustavnih reform. Reforma sodstva, povečana preglednost in boj proti korupciji so v tem procesu še posebej pomembni, saj spodbujajo tuje in domače naložbe v gospodarstvo ter prinašajo vidne spremembe v vsakdanje življenje ljudi. Prek instrumentov, kot sta twinning in urad TAIEX, smo pripravljeni zagotoviti strokovno znanje ter tako podpreti krepitev zmogljivosti s posebnim poudarkom na krepitvi uradnih organov, ki lahko zagotovijo utrditev sprememb, tudi na regionalni in lokalni ravni. Zagotovili bomo tudi vse naše strokovno znanje, ki ga imamo na področju nudenja pomoči pri volitvah, ter spremljali volitve v Tuniziji in Egiptu, če bodo tako zahtevali tamkajšnji organi.

A thriving civil society can help uphold human rights and contribute to democracy building and good governance, playing an important role in checking government excesses. A range of non-government (NGOs) and civil society organisations (CSOs) can provide much-needed support for the reforms and involvement in areas close to citizens’ concerns such as human rights, the environment, social and economic development. This is an area where we should seek to maximize the assistance that Member States can offer at short notice to develop a platform for civil society, political parties, trade unions and associations. This could be set up with EU funding and with the support of EU political parties, trade unions, foundations and relevant NGOs. Women have played an important role in the changes in the region and gender aspects will play an important role in future EU support.

Dobro razvita civilna družba lahko varuje človekove pravice ter podpre demokratizacijo in dobro upravljanje, saj ima pomembno vlogo pri omejevanju javnega primanjkljaja. Vrsta nevladnih organizacij in organizacij civilne družbe lahko zagotovi potrebno podporo za reforme in vključenost na področja blizu državljanom, npr. človekove pravice, okolje, družbeni in gospodarski razvoj. Na tem področju si moramo prizadevati, da bi čim bolj povečali obseg pomoči, ki jo države članice lahko zagotovijo v kratkem času, da se razvijejo platforma za civilno družbo, politične stranke, sindikati in združenja. To bi lahko zagotovili s sredstvi EU ter podporo političnih strank, sindikatov, fundacij in ustreznih nevladnih organizacij EU. Ženske imajo pomembno vlogo pri spremembah v regiji, zato bo načelo enakosti med spoloma imelo pomembno vlogo tudi pri prihodnji podpori EU.

The April review of the European Neighbourhood Policy will make proposals for the reinforcement of the EU's support to civil society organisations in our neighbourhood. This will include dedicated support for civil society (a Civil Society Neighbourhood Facility ) aimed at developing the advocacy capacity of CSOs and increasing their ability to monitor reform and participate effectively in policy dialogues.

Pri aprilskem ponovnem pregledu evropske sosedske politike bomo oblikovali predloge, kako naj EU okrepi podporo organizacijam civilne družbe v sosednjih državah. To bo obsegalo predvidena sredstva za civilno družbo ( Sklad za civilno družbo v sosedstvu ), ki naj bi omogočila razvoj zmogljivosti javnega zagovarjanja organizacij civilne družbe ter povečala njihovo sposobnost za spremljanje reform in učinkovito udeležbo v političnem dialogu.

Social dialogue between trade unions and employers plays an important role in sustaining reform efforts. New trade unions and employers associations are now emerging. This provides an opportunity for more effective social dialogue. It should be supported through the Euro-Mediterranean Social Dialogue Forum which will facilitate exchange between the Mediterranean social partners on key employment and social issues and will support capacity building.

Socialni dialog med sindikati in delodajalci pomembno vpliva na krepitev reformnih prizadevanj. Trenutno nastajajo novi sindikati in združenja delodajalcev. Ti zagotavljajo priložnost za učinkovitejši socialni dialog. Podpreti bi ga bilo treba prek evro-sredozemskega foruma o socialnem dialogu, ki bo lajšal izmenjavo med sredozemskimi socialnimi partnerji na področju ključnih vprašanj zaposlovanja in sociale ter podprl krepitev institucij.

The EU is already supporting public administration reform aimed at streamlining and strengthening of basic policy processes, budget formulation and the capacity to raise domestic funding through efficient, fair and sustainable tax systems and administrations. With a view to supporting better the fight against corruption and illicit financial flows and to improving sound financial management, these programmes should also target transparency and accountability in public administration.

EU že podpira reformo javne uprave, ki naj bi poenotila in okrepila osnovne politične procese, pripravo proračuna ter zmogljivosti za zbiranje domačih sredstev prek učinkovitih, poštenih in vzdržnih davčnih sistemov in uprav. Da bi ti programi bolje podprli boj proti korupciji in nezakonitim finančnim tokovom ter izboljšali dobro finančno poslovodenje, morajo biti osredotočeni tudi na preglednost poslovanja in odgovornost javne uprave.

TACKLING THE CHALLENGES OF MOBILITY

REŠEVANJE IZZIVOV NA PODROČJU MOBILNOSTI

Conclude Mobility Partnerships Reinforce local Schengen cooperation Make full use of improvements in EU Visa Code |

Sklenitev partnerstev o mobilnosti Okrepljeno schengensko lokalno sodelovanje Popolnoma izkoristiti izboljšave vizumskega zakonika EU |

- People-to-people contacts are important to promote mutual understanding as well as business, which will benefit the cultural and economical development of the entire Mediterranean region and the integration of migrants in the EU.

- Medčloveški odnosi so pomembno sredstvo spodbujanja medsebojnega razumevanja in podjetništva, ki bosta podprla kulturni in gospodarski razvoj celotne sredozemske regije ter integracijo priseljencev v EU.

A key element in this is the strengthening of capacity building in the Mediterranean countries on borders/migration/asylum and more effective law enforcement cooperation to improve security throughout the Mediterranean.

Ključni element pri tem je večja krepitev zmogljivosti v sredozemskih državah na področju meja/migracij/azila ter učinkovitejše sodelovanje na področju pregona, da se izboljša varnost v Sredozemlju.

Mobility Partnerships should be launched with partner countries. They aim to provide a comprehensive framework to ensure that the movement of persons between the EU and a third country is well-managed. They cover initiatives such as visa and legal migration arrangements; legal frameworks for (economic) migration; capacity building to manage remittances and for efficient matching of labour demands and needs, return and reintegration programmes, upgrading of the asylum systems to EU standards etc. In return for increased mobility, partners must be ready to undertake increasing capacity building and provide appropriate financial support for border management, preventing and fighting against irregular migration and trafficking in human beings, including through enhanced maritime surveillance; the return of irregular migrants (return arrangements and readmission agreements) and for enhancing the capacity and abilities of law enforcement authorities to effectively fight trans-border organised crime and corruption.

Skupaj s partnerskimi državami bi bilo treba začeti izvajati partnerstva za mobilnost . Zagotovili naj bi celovit okvir, ki bo omogočal dobro upravljanje pretoka oseb med EU in tretjo državo. Partnerstva za mobilnost zajemajo pobude, kot so vizumski dogovori in dogovori o zakonitih migracijah; pravni okviri za (gospodarsko) migracijo, krepitev zmogljivosti za nakazila priseljencev v matične države in učinkovito ujemanje povpraševanja po delovni sili s potrebami po njej, programi za vračanje in ponovno integracijo, nadgradnjo azilnih sistemov glede na standarde EU itd. V zameno za večjo mobilnost morajo biti partnerji pripravljeni temeljito krepiti zmogljivosti in zagotoviti ustrezno finančno podporo za upravljanje meje, preprečevanje nezakonitih migracij in trgovine z ljudmi ter boj proti njim, vključno z okrepljenim pomorskim spremljanjem, vračanjem nezakonitih migrantov (dogovori o vračanju in ponovnem sprejemu) ter za krepitev zmogljivosti in sposobnosti organov pregona, s čimer bi se preprečila organiziran čezmejni kriminal in korupcija.

In the short-term, the Commission will work with Member States on legal migration legislation and visa policy to support the goal of enhanced mobility, in particular for students, researchers and business persons. Cooperation under Local Schengen Cooperation should be reinforced and full use should be made of practical improvements and flexibilities for visa applicants within the EU Visa Code, including the issuing of multiple entry visas to bona fide travellers and specific groups (such as researchers, students and business persons). The negotiation of short stay visa facilitation agreements with Southern Mediterranean Countries should be envisaged following a differentiated, evidence-based approach. Financial support will be provided, if needed. The Commission calls on the co-legislators to adopt rapidly the Directives on third country seasonal workers and intra-corporate transferees, which will also contribute to enhancing mobility to the EU .

Kratkoročno bo Komisija sodelovala z državami članicami pri zakonodaji o zakonitih migracijah in vizumski politiki ter tako podpirala cilj večje mobilnosti, zlasti za študente, raziskovalce in poslovneže. Sodelovanje v okviru schengenskega lokalnega sodelovanja bi bilo treba okrepiti, v celoti pa bi bilo treba tudi uporabljati praktične izboljšave in določbe o prožnosti za prosilce za vizum v vizumskem zakoniku EU, vključno z izdajanjem vizumov za večkratni vstop potnikov v dobri veri in posebnih skupin (npr. raziskovalcev, študentov in poslovnežev). Z državami južnega Sredozemlja mora načrtovati pogajanja o sporazumih o poenostavitvi vizumskih postopkov za kratkoročno bivanje, ki bodo temeljili na diferenciranem pristopu in pristopu na podlagi dokazil. Po potrebi bo zagotovila finančno pomoč. Komisija poziva zakonodajalca, da hitro sprejmeta direktivo o sezonskih delavcih iz tretjih držav in direktivo o premestitvah znotraj podjetja, ki bosta prav tako povečali mobilnost v EU.

In the long-term, provided that visa facilitation and readmission agreements are effectively implemented, gradual steps towards visa liberalisation for individual partner countries could be considered on a case-by-case basis, taking into account the overall relationship with the partner country concerned and provided that conditions for well-managed and secure mobility are in place.

Če se bodo sporazumi o poenostavitvi vizumskih postopkov in ponovnem sprejemu učinkovito izvajali, bi lahko dolgoročno Komisija za posamezne partnerske države od primera do primera preučila postopne faze za liberalizacijo vizumskega režima, pri čemer bi upoštevala splošne odnose z zadevno partnersko državo ter izpolnjevanje pogojev za dobro vodeno in varno mobilnost.

PROMOTING INCLUSIVE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

SPODBUJANJE VKLJUČUJOČEGA GOSPODARSKEGA RAZVOJA

Promote Small and Medium Size Enterprises (SMEs) and Job Creation Seek agreement of Member States to increase EIB lending by EUR 1 billion Work with other shareholders to extend the EBRD mandate to countries of the region Promote job creation and training |

Spodbujati mala in srednja podjetja (MSP) in ustvarjanje delovnih mest Prizadevati si za dogovor držav članic, da posojila EIB povečajo za 1 milijardo EUR Sodelovati z drugimi zainteresiranimi stranmi, da se mandat Evropske banke za obnovo in razvoj (EBRD) razširi na države v regiji Spodbujati ustvarjanje delovnih mest in usposabljanje |

- The unrest in several Southern Mediterranean countries is clearly linked to economic weaknesses. Many of the economies are characterised by an unequal distribution of wealth, insufficient social and economic reform, limited job creation, weak education and training systems which do not produce the skills needed on the labour market. as well as low level of regional trade integration.

- Nemiri v več južnosredozemskih državah so očitno povezani s šibkim gospodarstvom – veliko gospodarstev zaznamujejo neenaka porazdelitev bogastva, nezadostne družbene in gospodarske reforme, majhno število novih delovnih mest, slabi izobraževalni sistemi in sistemi usposabljanja, ki ne zagotavljajo znanja in izkušenj, kakršne potrebuje trg dela, ter slabo trgovinsko povezovanje v regiji.

There is a need for the countries of the region to re-invigorate their economies to deliver sustainable and inclusive growth, development of poorer regions and job creation. Small and medium size enterprises (SMEs) have a critical role to play in job creation. To thrive, they need a sound regulatory framework, conducive to business and entrepreneurship. The EU is ready to support this through policy dialogue and cooperation under the Euro Med industrial work programme. This should be accompanied by integrated employment and social policies, including matching of training initiatives and labour market needs, social dialogue, provision of social safety-nets and transformation of the informal sector.

Države v regiji si morajo prizadevati za ponovno oživitev gospodarstev in s tem za trajnostno in vključujočo rast, razvoj revnejših regij in ustvarjanje delovnih mest. Mala in srednja podjetja (MSP) imajo pomembno vlogo pri ustvarjanju delovnih mest. Za uspeh potrebujejo trden regulativni okvir, ki spodbuja podjetja in podjetništvo. EU je pripravljena to podpreti s političnim dialogom in sodelovanjem v okviru evro-sredozemskega delovnega programa za industrijsko sodelovanje. To naj bi spremljali integrirane politike zaposlovanja in socialne politike, vključno z ustreznimi pobudami na področju usposabljanja in potrebami trga dela, družbenim dialogom, zagotovitvijo omrežij socialnega varstva in preoblikovanjem neformalnega sektorja.

The International Financing Institutions (IFIs) can contribute to this effort. Funding could come from the European Investment Bank (EIB) and, if other non-EU shareholders agree, the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD ). The EIB has been active in the region for over 30 years, its operations being implemented under the umbrella of the Facility for Euro-Mediterranean Investment and Partnership (FEMIP). FEMIP is active in nine countries in the Southern Mediterranean, focussing on investments in infrastructure and support for the private sector. In addition to accelerating the implementation and approval of projects currently in the pipeline, the EIB could provide around EUR 6 billion to the Mediterranean region in the coming three years if the Council approves the additional lending envelope of EUR 1 billion which was recently proposed by the European Parliament. The Commission supports this increase in the lending mandate and calls on the Council to reach an agreement rapidly on the increase.

Ta prizadevanja lahko okrepijo tudi mednarodne finančne institucije. Sredstva bi lahko zagotovila Evropska investicijska banka (EIB), če pa se zainteresirane strani zunaj EU ne bi strinjale, pa Evropska banka za obnovo in razvoj (EBRD). EIB je v regiji aktivna že več kot 30 let, bančne operacije pa izvaja v okviru Sklada za evro-sredozemske naložbe in partnerstvo (FEMIP). FEMIP je dejavna v devetih južnosredozemskih državah, zlasti na področju naložb v infrastrukturo in podpore zasebnemu sektorju. EIB bi lahko poleg pospeševanja izvajanja in odobritve projektov, ki so trenutno v pripravi, sredozemski regiji v prihodnjih treh letih zagotovila približno 6 milijard EUR, če Svet odobri dodatni sveženj posojil v višini 1 milijarde EUR, ki ga je pred kratkim predlagal Evropski parlament. Komisija podpira to povečanje posojil in poziva Svet, da o njem hitro sprejme dogovor.

The Council is also invited to adopt the Commission proposal of May 2008 on EIB reflows . This would allow the EIB and other financial intermediaries to re-invest funds under FEMIP reflowing from previous financing operations in favour of the private sector. In the immediate future this arrangement would generate approximately EUR 120 million now and up to EUR 200 million by 2013.

Svet tudi poziva, da sprejme predlog o vrnjenih sredstvih EIB, ki ga je predložila maja 2008. EIB in drugi finančni posredniki bi lahko tako vrnjena sredstva v okviru FEMIP iz predhodnih finančnih operacij ponovno investirali v zasebni sektor. V neposredni prihodnosti bi lahko s to ureditvijo zdaj zbrali približno 120 milijonov EUR, do leta 2013 pa 200 milijonov EUR.

The EBRD, not currently active in the Southern Mediterranean, could extend operations if the Bank's statutes were amended. If agreed by all shareholders this could allow an annual EBRD business activity of an initial EUR 1 billion to be reached with the Bank’s existing resources. The Commission supports the extension of EBRD operations and calls on EU Member States and other shareholder governments to support it urgently.

EBRD, ki še ni dejavna v južnosredozemskih državah, bi svoje poslovanje lahko razširila, če bi se spremenil statut banke. Če se bodo strinjale vse zainteresirane strani, bi s tem letne poslovne dejavnosti EBRD sprva dosegle 1 milijardo EU v okviru obstoječih virov. Komisija podpira razširitev operacij EBRD ter države članice EU in vlade drugih zainteresiranih strani poziva, da jo pri tem čim prej podprejo.

These initiatives will not come at the expense of lending to other countries of operation in the Eastern neighbourhood for example

Te pobude npr. ne bodo šle na račun posojil drugim dejavnim državam v vzhodnem sosedstvu.

ENSURING MAXIMUM IMPACT OF TRADE AND INVESTMENT

ZAGOTAVLJANJE ČIM VEČJEGA VPLIVA TRGOVINE IN NALOŽB

- Adopt Pan-Euro-Mediterranean preferential rules of origin

- Sprejem vseevropsko-sredozemskih preferencialnih pravil o poreklu

- Approve rapidly agreements on agricultural and fisheries products

- Hitra odobritev sporazumov o kmetijskih in ribiških proizvodih

- Speed up negotiations on trade in services

- Pospešitev pogajanj o trgovini s storitvami

- Negotiate Deep Free Trade Areas

- Pogajanja o poglobljenih območjih proste trgovine

Trade and investment are engines for growth and help to reduce poverty. They bring people together, securing ties between nations and contributing to political stability. However, for trade and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) to deliver their potential, they must be embedded in a sound business climate, which, in turn, requires a strengthening of the rule of law and the judiciary, tackling corruption and overhauling administrative procedures.

Trgovina in naložbe so gonilna sila za rast ter pripomorejo k zmanjšanju revščine. Združujejo ljudi, ohranjajo vezi med narodi in prispevajo k politični stabilnosti. Da pa lahko trgovina in instrument FDI dosežeta svoj potencial, morata delovati v dobrem poslovnem okolju, za katerega so po drugi strani potrebni okrepljena pravna država in sodstvo, preprečevanje korupcije in učinkovitejši upravni postopki.

The countries in the region are at different stages in their trade and investment relations with the EU. Some (Tunisia, Morocco, Egypt, Jordan) are relatively well advanced; others (Syria, Algeria, Libya) much less. The EU has free trade agreements with the whole of the region except for Syria and Libya. These agreements provide free market access for industrial products. The EU has recently upgraded preferential market access for agricultural and fisheries products, with Egypt and Jordan in particular, and several other agreements in this field are being negotiated or at the approval stage, for example, with Morocco. With Morocco, there has also been an exchange of offers to liberalise services, but the issue of labour mobility is a major stumbling block.

V odnosih z EU na področju trgovine in naložb so države v regiji dosegle različen napredek. Nekatere države (Tunizija, Maroko, Egipt in Jordanija) dokaj dobro napredujejo, druge (Sirija, Alžirija in Libija) precej slabše. EU je razen s Sirijo in Libijo z državami iz celotne regije sklenila sporazume o prosti trgovini, ki določajo prost dostop do trga za industrijske proizvode. Pred kratkim je izboljšala preferencialne dostope do trga za kmetijske in ribiške proizvode, zlasti z Egiptom in Jordanijo, trenutno pa se pogaja o več drugih sporazumih s tega področja oziroma je v fazi njihovega potrjevanja, npr. z Marokom. Z Marokom si izmenjujemo tudi ponudbe za liberalizacijo storitev, vendar pa glavno nerešeno vprašanje ostaja mobilnost delavcev.

The EU's measures in support of trade and investment should best be calibrated to the situation in each country, including the pace and breadth of reforms more generally, also given the current level of volatility in the region.

Ukrepi EU v podporo trgovini in naložbam morajo biti prilagojeni položaju v posamezni državi, vključno s hitrostjo in obsegom reform na splošno, med drugim tudi trenutni stopnji spremenljivosti v regiji.

In the short to medium term, the EU could set itself the following goals to.

Kratko- do srednjeročno bi si lahko EU zadala naslednje cilje:

- accelerate the conclusion and EU approval of trade liberalisation agreements, notably on agricultural and fisheries products with Tunisia and Morocco;

- pospešiti sklenitev sporazumov o liberalizaciji trgovine in njihovo odobritev s strani EU, zlasti o kmetijskih in ribiških proizvodih s Tunizijo in Marokom,

- launch negotiations on agreements on conformity assessment and acceptance of industrial products;

- začeti pogajanja o sporazumih o skladnosti in sprejemljivosti industrijskih proizvodov,

- accelerate on-going bilateral negotiations on the liberalisation of trade in services (including visa facilitation for persons from specific professional categories);

- pospešiti trenutna dvostranska pogajanja o liberalizaciji trgovine s storitvami (vključno s poenostavitvijo postopkov za izdajanje vizumov za osebe iz določenih poklicnih kategorij),

- conclude the single regional Convention on pan-Euro-Mediterranean preferential rules of origin in 2011. This should be accompanied by a rapid revision of the rules of origin themselves. A point of reference for these reforms is the recently adopted regime for GSP beneficiaries. The Commission calls on the Council to adopt urgently its pending proposals on the single regional Convention, after consultation with the European Parliament.

- skleniti enotno regionalno Konvencijo o vseevropsko-sredozemskih preferencialnih pravilih o poreklu v letu 2011. Pri tem bi bilo treba ponovno revidirati sama pravila o poreklu. Izhodiščna točka za te reforme je pred kratkim sprejeti režim za države upravičenke do splošnega sistema preferencialov (GSP). Komisija poziva Svet in Evropski parlament, da po posvetovanju z Evropskim parlamentom takoj sprejmeta predloge o enotni regionalni konvenciji, ki čakajo na sprejetje.

In the medium to long term, the common objective which has been agreed in both regional and bilateral discussions with Southern Mediterranean partners is the establishment of Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Areas, building on the current Euro-Mediterranean Association Agreements and on the European Neighbourhood Policy Action Plans. They should form part of a broader comprehensive package in support of democratic and economic reforms. Negotiations should be started with countries that are clearly engaged in such a process of political and economic transformation. Beyond the mere elimination of import duties, these agreements should foster, in a progressive manner, closer integration between the economies of our Southern Mediterranean partners and the EU single market and would include actions such as regulatory convergence. Particular priority should be given to measures in areas such as competition policy, public procurement, investment protection, sanitary and phytosanitary measures.

Srednje- do dolgoročno je skupni cilj, ki je bil določen tako v regionalnih kot tudi dvostranskih razpravah z južnosredozemskimi partnerji, priprava poglobljenih in izčrpnih območjih proste trgovine, ki bi temeljila na veljavnih evro-sredozemskih pridružitvenih sporazumih in akcijskih načrtih za evropsko sosedsko politiko. Biti morajo del širšega izčrpnega svežnja, ki bo podprl demokratične in gospodarske reforme. Z državami, ki si jasno prizadevajo za tak proces politične in gospodarske preobrazbe, se je treba začeti pogajati. Poleg samega ukinjanja uvoznih dajatev morajo ti sporazumi spodbujati postopno tesnejšo gospodarsko povezovanje naših južnosredozemskih partnerjev in evropskega enotnega trga, vsebovati pa morajo tudi ukrepe, kot je približevanje zakonodaje. Poseben poudarek mora biti na ukrepanju na področjih, kot so konkurenčna politika, javna nabava, zaščita naložb ter sanitarni in fitosanitarni ukrepi.

ENHANCING SECTORAL CO-OPERATION

KREPITEV SEKTORSKEGA SODELOVANJA

Establish an EU-South Mediterranean Energy Community Launch an Agricultural/rural development support programme Increase participation in education programmes Develop the Internet and other communication technologies |

Ustanovitev energetske skupnosti med EU in južnim Sredozemljem Izvajanje podpornega programa za razvoj kmetijstva in podeželja Povečanje udeležbe v izobraževalnih programih Razvoj interneta in drugih komunikacijskih tehnologij |

- The Southern Mediterranean is strategically important for the EU in terms of security of gas and oil supplies from some of the countries but also more broadly in terms of transit from the region and beyond. There is clear potential for building an EU-Mediterranean partnership in the production and management of renewables, in particular solar and wind energy, and in having a joined-up approach to ensuring energy security. Joint renewable energy investments in the Southern Mediterranean in line with the EU's 2050 decarbonisation scenario could offer the possibility of a new partnership provided that the right market perspective is created for electricity imports.

- Južno Sredozemlje je za EU strateško pomembno zaradi varne oskrbe s plinom in nafto iz nekaterih držav, pa tudi širše, med drugim tudi zaradi tranzita iz regije. Obstaja jasen potencial za ustanovitev evro-sredozemskega partnerstva na področju proizvodnje obnovljivih virov energije in njihovega upravljanja, zlasti pri sončni in vetrni energiji, ter za sprejetje skupnega pristopa za zagotavljanje energetske varnosti. Možnost za novo partnerstvo bi lahko predstavljale skupne naložbe v obnovljive vire energije v južnem Sredozemlju, ki bi ustrezale evropskemu scenariju dekarbonizacije do leta 2050, če bodo zagotovljene ustrezne tržne možnosti za uvoz električne energije.

It is desirable to open a credible perspective for the integration of the Southern Mediterranean in the EU internal energy market based on a differentiated and gradual approach. In the mid to long term, this would mean establishing a form of 'EU-Southern Mediterranean Energy Community' starting with the Maghreb countries and possibly expanding progressively to the Mashreq. Extending the Energy Community Treaty with the Union's Eastern and South-Eastern neighbours, or building on its experience, this community should cover relevant parts of the EU's energy legislation with a view to promoting a real and reliable convergence of South Mediterranean partners' energy policies with EU policy.

Zaželeno je, da ima vključitev južnega Sredozemlja v evropski notranji energetski trg verodostojno perspektivo, ki bo temeljila na diferenciranem in postopnem pristopu. Srednje- do dolgoročno bi to pomenilo ustanovitev energetske skupnosti med EU in južnim Sredozemljem, začenši z magrebškimi državami, in možno postopno širitev na mašreške države. Razširitev Pogodbe o ustanovitvi energetske skupnosti z Unijinimi vzhodnimi in jugovzhodnimi sosednjimi državami, oziroma glede na pridobljene izkušnje bi ta skupnost morala upoštevati ustrezne dele energetske zakonodaje EU, s čimer bi spodbujala pravo in zanesljivo zbliževanje energetskih politik južnosredozemskih partnerjev s politiko EU.

Education should be a key focus of EU activities in the region. Tackling high levels of illiteracy is key to promoting democracy and ensuring a qualified workforce to help modernise the Southern Mediterranean economies. Exchanges at university level are valuable, and fuller use should be made of Erasmus Mundus, Euromed Youth and Tempus to increase substantially the number of persons from Southern Mediterranean partner countries participating in these programmes. Vocational Education and Training (VET) also has an important role to play in addressing disparities. This should include the identification of the key strategic components on an integrated VET policy by organising national debates with key stakeholders. Exchanges of best practices on programmes enhancing the skills of unemployed people should also be encouraged.

Glavni poudarek pri dejavnostih EU v regiji mora biti na izobraževanju . Pri spodbujanju demokracije in zagotavljanju kvalificirane delovne sile, ki bosta pripomogli k modernizaciji južnosredozemskega gospodarstva, je ključno zmanjšati veliko nepismenost. Izmenjave med univerzami so dragocene, poglobiti pa je treba tudi sodelovanje v programih Erasmus Mundus, Euromed Youth in Tempus, da se znatno poveča število oseb iz partnerskih držav južnega Sredozemlja, ki sodelujejo v teh programih. Pomembno vlogo pri odpravljanju neenakosti imata tudi poklicno izobraževanje in usposabljanje (VET). Pri tem je treba organizirati nacionalne razprave s ključno zainteresirano javnostjo ter pri tem opredeliti glavne strateške prvine integrirane politike VET. Spodbujati je treba tudi izmenjavo najboljših praks pri programih, ki povečujejo usposobljenost nezaposlenih.

Tourism is a key component of GDP in many of the countries in the South Mediterranean. The EU should seek to extend its existing initiatives "European Destinations of Excellence (EDEN)", promoting sustainable tourism models and Calypso, promoting off-season tourism to these countries. The protection and promotion of cultural diversity is important and the EU is committed to further develop cultural initiatives with the South Mediterranean region.

Turizem v številnih državah južnega Sredozemlja predstavlja pomemben del BDP. EU si mora prizadevati za razširitev sedanjih pobud, tj. pobude „evropska območja odličnosti (EDEN)“, v okviru katere se spodbujajo trajnostni modeli turizma, in pobude Calypso, ki podpira turizem izven glavne sezone v teh državah. Pomembna sta tudi varstvo in spodbujanje kulturne raznolikosti , zato se je EU zavezala nadaljnjemu razvoju kulturnih pobud v južnosredozemski regiji.

Recent events in the Southern Mediterranean combined with rising food prices have demonstrated the urgency for the EU to help its partner countries to improve the efficiency and productivity of its agricultural sector and assuring the security of food supply. The Commission could support rural development through a new initiative – a European Neighbourhood Facility for Agriculture and Rural Development . The programme would build on EU best practice in developing rural areas. It would integrate investment support and building up of administrative capacities so as to facilitate the modernisation of the agricultural production aligned to EU quality and food safety standards. It could be developed in close cooperation with the FAO, World Bank and possibly EIB.

Nedavni dogodki v južnem Sredozemlju, ki jih je spremljalo povišanje cen hrane, so pokazali, da mora EU partnerskim državam nujno pomagati pri izboljšanju učinkovitosti in produktivnosti kmetijskega sektorja kot tudi pri zagotavljanju varne preskrbe s hrano. Komisija bi razvoj na podeželju lahko podprla z novo pobudo – evropskim sosedskim skladom za razvoj kmetijstva in podeželja . Program bi temeljil na najboljši praksi EU pri razvoju podeželja. Vseboval bi pomoč za naložbe in vzpostavitev upravnih zmogljivosti, s čimer bi olajšal modernizacijo kmetijske proizvodnje, ki bi bila v skladu z varnostnimi standardi EU za kakovost in prehrano. Lahko bi ga razvili v tesnem sodelovanju z Organizacijo za prehrano in kmetijstvo (FAO), Svetovno banko in morda tudi z EIB.

In the area of transport , cooperation should focus on modernising air traffic management and on improving aviation safety and security to create a Euro-Mediterranean Aviation Area. This will include extending the European Geostationary Navigation Overlay System (EGNOS) to the Mediterranean partners. Cooperation with the Mediterranean partners in the implementation of a Mediterranean Maritime Strategy should enhance maritime safety, security and surveillance.

Na področju prometa mora biti sodelovanje osredotočeno na upravljanje zračnega prometa ter na izboljšanje letalske varnosti in zaščite, da se vzpostavi evro-sredozemski zračni prostor. To bo vključevalo razširitev Skupne evropske geostacionarne navigacijske storitve (EGNOS) na sredozemske partnerje. Sodelovanje s sredozemskimi partnerji pri izvajanju sredozemske pomorske strategije naj bi povečalo pomorsko varnost, zaščito in spremljanje.

The use of electronic communications technologies - on top of satellite broadcasting - greatly facilitated the wave of upheavals in the Mediterranean countries. The widespread use of mobile phones combined with social networking via internet - showed the importance of information society tools and technologies to the circulation of information. In countries where the circulation of information is partially restricted such tools can greatly contribute to the democratisation of societies and the creation of public opinion through the promotion of freedom of expression.

Uporaba elektronskih komunikacijskih tehnologij je poleg satelitske radiodifuzije bistveno olajšala val sprememb v sredozemskih državah. Široka uporaba mobilnih telefonov ter družbeno mreženje prek interneta sta pokazala, kako pomembna so orodja in tehnologije informacijske družbe pri kroženju informacij. V državah, v katerih je kroženje informacij deloma omejeno, lahko taka orodja bistveno olajšajo demokratizacijo družb in ustvarjanje javnega mnenja s spodbujanjem svobode izražanja.

While some regulatory reforms have been undertaken, in many of the southern Mediterranean countries the regulatory environment is still insufficiently developed to exploit the full growth and productivity potentialities of the Information and Communications Technology sector. The main critical factors which remain to be addressed are the creation of truly open markets (which often remain quasi monopolies), the establishment of independent regulators, the creation of a level playing field and of competitive conditions for market players, efficient management of spectrum and safeguards of users' privacy and security.

Čeprav se nekatere regulativne reforme izvajajo, v veliko južnosredozemskih državah regulativno okolje še vedno ni dovolj razvito, da bi unovčilo celotni potencial, ki ga ima za rast in produktivnost sektor informacijskih in komunikacijskih tehnologij. Glavni kritični dejavniki, ki še vedno niso razrešeni, so vzpostavitev resnično odprtih trgov (ki pogosto ostanejo podobni monopolom), ustanovitev neodvisnih regulativnih organov, vzpostavitev enakih pogojev in konkurenčnih pogojev za vse udeležence na trgu, učinkovito upravljanje s spektrom ter zaščitni ukrepi za uporabnikovo zasebnost in varnost.

Moreover, ensuring the security, stability and resilience of the Internet and of other electronic communication technologies is a fundamental building block in democracy. It is necessary to avoid arbitrarily depriving or disrupting citizen's access to them. Given the trans-border and interconnected nature of electronic communications technologies, including the Internet, any unilateral domestic intervention can have severe effects on other parts of the world. The Commission will develop tools to allow the EU, in appropriate cases, to assist civil society organisations or individual citizens to circumvent such arbitrary disruptions.

Zagotavljanje varnosti, stabilnosti in odpornosti interneta ter drugih elektronskih komunikacijskih tehnologij je temelj vsake demokracije. Potrebno se je izogibati ravnanju, da bi državljanom arbitrarno odvzeli ali oteževali dostop do njih. Vsako enostransko domače poseganje lahko zaradi čezmejnega in medsebojno povezanega značaja elektronskih komunikacijskih tehnologij resno vpliva na druge dele sveta. Komisija bo razvila orodja, s katerimi bo lahko EU v ustreznih primerih pomagala organizacijam civilne družbe ali posameznim državljanom obiti takšne arbitrarne posege.

REGIONAL AND SUB-REGIONAL IMPLICATIONS

REGIONALNE IN PODREGIONALNE POSLEDICE

The dramatic events unfolding in the region may not be necessarily spread evenly across the region and effects of change may vary significantly. The regional dimension has taken on increased importance and regional cooperation will be important in mitigating negative spillovers.

Dramatični dogodki, ki se odvijajo v regiji, se morda ne bodo enakomerno razširili po vsej regiji, učinki sprememb pa bodo lahko zelo različni. Regionalna razsežnost je postala pomembnejša in regionalno sodelovanje bo pomembno pri blaženju negativnih učinkov širjenja.

Now, more than ever, changing dynamics in the region mean that urgent progress on the Middle East peace process is vital. The EU should also work in close co-operation with its partners in assisting political and social change in the region. Turkey in particular has a crucial role to play both as an important regional player and as a compelling case of multi-party democracy in a country with a predominantly Muslim population.

Zdaj bolj kot kdaj koli prej dinamika sprememb v regiji pomeni, da je treba v mirovnem procesu na Srednjem Vzhodu nujno doseči napredek. EU mora pri podpiranju političnih in družbenih sprememb v regiji tesno sodelovati s svojimi partnerji. Pri tem ima Turčija še posebej pomembno vlogo kot pomemben regionalni akter ter kot prepričljiv primer večstrankarske demokracije v državi s pretežno muslimanskim prebivalstvom.

A fresh view of the regional situation demands that the positive elements of the Barcelona process together with those of the Union for the Mediterranean be integrated in a new approach. The regional co-operation which proved to be most effective was on projects that delivered concrete benefits – in environment, energy, in transport, in trade and in social dialogue.

Svež pogled na situacijo v regiji zahteva, da se pozitivni elementi barcelonskega procesa združijo s pozitivnimi elementi Unije za Sredozemlje v nov pristop. Regionalno sodelovanje, ki se je izkazalo za najučinkovitejše, je obsegalo projekte, ki so zagotovili konkretne prednosti – na področju okolja, energetike, prometa, trgovine in socialnega dialoga.

Regional economic integration should be encouraged. The EU will support projects which promote freer trade between the countries of the region, regulatory approximation, a strengthening of economic governance as well as the infrastructures needed for increased regional trade.

Spodbujati je treba regionalno gospodarsko povezovanje. EU bo podprla projekte, ki spodbujajo prosto trgovino med državami v regiji, približevanje zakonodaje, krepitev gospodarskega upravljanja ter infrastruktur, potrebnih za večjo regionalno trgovino.

The idea behind the establishment of the Union for the Mediterranean was a positive one – that of a high level partnership between the two shores of the Mediterranean. However we have to recognise that its implementation did not deliver the results we expected. The UfM needs to reform to fully realise its potential. It needs to work more as a catalyst bringing States, International Financial Institutions and the private sector together around concrete projects generating the jobs, innovation and growth that are so badly needed in the region. It should help create the right conditions for progress in the Middle East Peace Process. But, one should not be conditional on the other. Partner countries' participation in these projects could follow the principle of variable geometry depending on their needs and interests. The High Representative and the Commission are ready to play a bigger role in the Union for the Mediterranean in line with the Lisbon Treaty.

Ideja, na kateri temelji Unija za Sredozemlje, je pozitivna – tj. visoka stopnja partnerstva med obema sredozemskima obalama. Vendar pa moramo priznati, da izvajanje ni zagotovilo pričakovanih rezultatov. Unija za Sredozemlje se mora reformirati, da bo lahko popolnoma unovčila svoj potencial. Delovati mora bolj kot katalizator, ki bo države, mednarodne finančne institucije in zasebni sektor povezoval pri konkretnih projektih, ki bodo ustvarjali delovna mesta, inovacije in rast, ki so v regiji tako zelo potrebni. Pomagala naj bi ustvariti prave pogoje za napredek mirovnega procesa na Srednjem Vzhodu, vendar pa ne smeta biti odvisna drug od drugega. Udeležba partnerskih držav v teh projektih bi lahko delovala po načelu spremenljive geometrije ter bo odvisna od njihovih potreb in interesov. Visoka predstavnica in Komisija sta v Uniji za Sredozemlje pripravljeni prevzeti pomembnejšo vlogo, ki bo v skladu z lizbonsko pogodbo.

EU FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE

FINANČNA POMOČ EU

- Refocusing bilateral programmes of the European Neighbourhood Partnership Instrument

- Preusmeritev dvostranskih programov v okviru instrumenta evropske sosedske politike

- Providing additional funding

- Zagotovitev dodatnih sredstev

Approximately EUR 4 billion is currently available for the period to the end of 2013 to support our Southern neighbours under the European Neighbourhood and Partnership Instrument. The largest part of this assistance is delivered through bilateral assistance programmes. While many of the programmes underway or in the pipeline address the three priorities in the 'Partnership', the magnitude of recent changes in the region requires an extensive screening and the possible re-focussing of EU aid, in discussion with partner countries.

Za naše sosednje države so v okviru instrumenta evropske sosedske politike v obdobju do konca leta 2013 zagotovljeni približno 4 milijoni EU. Največji del te pomoči se zagotavlja prek dvostranskih programov pomoči. Ker je večina programov, ki se izvajajo ali pripravljajo, namenjena trem prednostnim nalogam „partnerstva“, teža nedavnih sprememb v regiji zahteva obsežen pregled in morebitno preusmeritev pomoči EU, o katerih se bomo dogovorili s partnerskimi državami.

We have already made clear to both Tunisia and Egypt that we are ready to consider carefully full re-focussing of our bilateral programmes for 2011-13 (respectively EUR 240 and EUR 445 million) to better meet the current challenges and to ensure that our response meets peoples' legitimate aspirations. More generally, throughout the region, programmes will be screened in close cooperation and partnership with the beneficiary countries. We call on Member States to follow a similar screening exercise for their bilateral programmes to achieve maximum impact of EU aid. Within the present budgetary situation, we also consider that the present events will require unprecedented efforts to achieve maximum co-ordination and consistency between Member States’ efforts, as well as with the EU. We will also continue to seek maximum interaction and co-ordination with International Financial Institutions.

Tuniziji in Egiptu smo dali jasno vedeti, da smo pripravljeni skrbno preučiti popolno preusmeritev naših dvostranskih programov za obdobje 2011–2013 (240 oziroma 445 milijonov EUR), da bi se bolje odzvali na trenutne izzive in zagotovili, da naš odziv ustreza legitimnim prizadevanjem ljudstva. To pomeni, da bodo po vsej regiji programi pregledani v tesnem sodelovanju in partnerstvu z državami upravičenkami. Države članice pozivamo, da podobno pregledajo svoje dvostranske programe, da bo učinek pomoči EU čim večji. Glede na trenutni proračunski položaj menimo, da bodo trenutni dogodki zahtevali največja prizadevanja doslej pri doseganju največjega usklajevanja in skladnosti med prizadevanji držav članic kot tudi z EU. Še naprej si bomo prizadevali za največjo interakcijo in sodelovanje z mednarodnimi finančnimi institucijami.

The screening and re-focussing of assistance is the first step in providing support to help partner governments to consolidate reform and socio-economic development. While no meaningful needs assessment is yet possible, the reform process will require considerable support. This will come from the current EU budget[1].

Pregledovanje in preusmeritev pomoči je prvi korak pri zagotavljanju pomoči partnerskim vladam, da bodo te lahko utrdile reforme in družbeno-gospodarski razvoj. Čeprav smiselna ocena potreb še ni mogoča, bo proces reform potreboval znatno podporo. Ta se bo zagotovila v okviru sedanjega proračuna EU[1].

Specific attention will also be paid to the encouragement of private sector investment from the EU into the southern Mediterranean. To this end, the Commission will continue to leverage loans from the EIB's FEMIP as well as from other IFIs, through the Neighbourhood Investment Facility (NIF) which provides grant support for infrastructure investment and private sector development[2]. In view of the considerable contribution by the Commission to the Neighbourhood Investment Facility, Member States are encouraged to contribute to replenishing this instrument .

Posebna pozornost bo namenjena tudi spodbujanju naložb zasebnega sektorja iz EU v države južnega Sredozemlja. Komisija bo zato še naprej povečevala posojila sklada FEMIP iz Evropske investicijske banke in drugih mednarodnih finančnih institucij, in sicer s Sosedskim posojilnim skladom, ki zagotavlja podporo v obliki nepovratnih sredstev za naložbe v infrastrukturo in razvoj zasebnega sektorja[2]. Potencial Sosedskega posojilnega sklada (NIF) pri povečevanju sredstev je ogromen.

Private foreign direct investment supported through such financial instruments should also benefit from strong investment protection provisions and the Commission will provide an information tool and develop an investment protection framework for European companies interested in investment in the southern Mediterranean.

Zasebnim tujim neposrednim naložbam, ki jih taki finančni instrumenti podpirajo, naj bi koristile tudi stroge določbe o zaščiti naložb, Komisija pa bo zagotovila informacijsko orodje in razvila okvir za zaščito naložb za evropska podjetja, ki se zanimajo za naložbe v državah južnega Sredozemlja.

Finally, macroeconomic assistance may be necessary for some countries which are likely to face short-term difficulties , resulting from the impact of the crisis on trade, investment and tourism flows as well as the disruption of domestic production. Should the IMF have lending programmes in place and provided that external financing needs are confirmed, the countries covered by the European Neighbourhood Policy would be eligible for EU Macro-Financial Assistance (MFA) .

Poleg tega bodo nekatere države, ki se bodo verjetno znašle v kratkoročnih makroekonomskih težavah , ki so posledica vpliva krize na trgovino, naložbe, turizem in prekinitev domače proizvodnje, morda potrebovale makroekonomska pomoč. Če bo Mednarodni denarni sklad izvajal posojilne programe in če bodo potrebe po zunanjem financiranju potrjene, bi bile države, ki jih zajema evropska sosedska politika, upravičene do makrofinančne pomoči EU (MFA) .

CONCLUSIONS

SKLEPNE UGOTOVITVE

These are first proposals to build a new partnership to support change in the Southern Mediterranean. Immediate and short term help should be accompanied by longer term assistance when each country is ready to indicate what it needs from its EU partners.

To so prvi predlogi za vzpostavitev novega partnerstva, s katerim bi podprli spremembe v južnem Sredozemlju. Ko bo vsaka država posebej nakazala, kaj potrebuje od evropskih partnerjev, mora takojšni in kratkoročno podpori slediti dolgoročna pomoč.

The European Union in its dual dimension of a community of democratic member states and a union of peoples has had to overcome historical hurdles. This success story was possible when hope triumphed over fear and freedom triumphed over repression. This is why there is deep understanding in the EU for the aspirations of the peoples in the Southern Neighbourhood. The EU wants to support them in building real democracies and peaceful and prosperous societies. Each country and people will of course choose their own path and make their own choices. It is rightly for them to decide and not for us to seek to impose solutions. This Communication underlines the determination of the EU in supporting them on their journey to a better future.

Evropska unija je morala v svoji dvojni razsežnosti kot skupnost demokratičnih držav članic in kot unija ljudi premagati zgodovinske ovire. Ta zgodba uspeha je bila mogoča, ker je upanje premagalo strah in svoboda represijo. Zato EU zelo dobro razume pričakovanja ljudi v južnih sosednjih državah. Želi jih podpreti pri vzpostavljanju pravih demokracij ter miroljubnih družb blaginje. Seveda bodo vsaka država in njeni ljudje sami izbrali svojo pot in sami sprejeli odločitve. Prav je, da odločajo sami in ne da jim mi vsiljujemo rešitve. V tem sporočilu EU izraža odločenost, da jim pomaga na njihovi poti v boljšo prihodnost.

Annex 1 GLOSSARY OF TERMS

Priloga 1 GLOSAR

Association Agreement

Pridružitveni sporazum

These refer to contractual relationships between the European Union (EU) and a non-EU country. Association Agreements may promote the establishment/strengthening of regular dialogue and close relations on political and security matters; gradual liberalisation of trade in goods, services and capital; economic cooperation with a view to encouraging economic and social development and regional economic integration; social, cultural and human dialogue. The legal base for the conclusion of the association agreements is provided by Article 217 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFUE). The Treaty on European Union (TEU) makes a specific reference to agreements with neighbouring countries in Article 8(2).

Pridružitveni sporazumi urejajo pogodbena razmerja med Evropsko unijo (EU) in državo, ki ni članica EU. Lahko spodbujajo vzpostavitev ali okrepitev rednega dialoga in tesnih odnosov na področju politik in varnosti, postopno liberalizacijo trgovine z blagom, storitvami in kapitalom, gospodarsko sodelovanje, da se spodbudita gospodarski in družbeni razvoj in regionalno gospodarsko povezovanje, ter socialni in kulturni dialog ter dialog o človekovih pravicah. Pravna podlaga za sklenitev pridružitvenega sporazuma je člen 217 Pogodbe o delovanju Evropske unije (PDEU). V Pogodbi o Evropske unije je v členu 8(2) posebno napotilo na sporazume s sosednjimi državami.

The concept of "advanced status" under the Association Agreements means a strengthening of political cooperation and new opportunities in economic and trade relations, progressive regulatory convergence as well as strengthened cooperation with certain European agencies and programmes.

Pojem „napredni status“ v okviru pridružitvenega sporazuma pomeni okrepitev političnega sodelovanja in ustvarjanje novih priložnosti za razvoj gospodarskih in trgovinskih odnosov, postopno približevanje zakonodaje in tesnejše sodelovanje z nekaterimi evropskimi agencijami ter sodelovanje v evropskih programih.

Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Area (DCFTA)

Poglobljeno in izčrpno območje proste trgovine (DCFTA)

A free trade agreement covering a wide array of trade-related issues (“comprehensive”) and aiming at eliminating 'behind the border' obstacles to trade through processes of regulatory approximation, thus partially opening/extending the EU internal market to the other party. It is currently offered only to ENP countries.

Sporazum o prosti trgovini, ki obravnava širok izbor trgovinskih vprašanj („izčrpno območje“) in ki naj bi odpravil trgovinske ovire „onstran meja“ s približevanjem zakonodaje ter tako notranji trg EU delno odprl drugi partnerici. Tovrstni sporazumi so trenutno sklenjeni le z državami evropske sosedske politike.

European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP)

Evropska sosedska politika (ESP)

Proposed by the Commission in 2003-2004 as a framework policy through which an enlarged EU could strengthen and deepen relations with its 16 closest neighbours (Algeria, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Egypt, Georgia, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Libya, Moldova, Morocco, Occupied Palestinian Territory, Syria, Tunisia and Ukraine) with a view to counteracting risks of marginalisation for the neighbouring countries which had not participated in the historic 2004 enlargement and therefore ensuring the strengthening of a shared area of prosperity, stability and security. A review of the ENP is scheduled for adoption in April 2011.

Komisija je v letih 2003 in 2004 evropsko sosedsko politiko predlagala kot okvirno politiko, s katero bi razširjena EU okrepila in poglobila odnose s svojimi 16 najbližjimi sosedami (Alžirija, Armenija, Azerbajdžan, Belorusija, Egipt, Gruzija, Izrael, Jordanija, Libanon, Libija, Moldavija, Maroko, Zasedeno palestinsko ozemlje, Sirija, Tunizija in Ukrajina), da bi se skupaj zoperstavile tveganju marginalizacije sosednjih držav, ki niso bile del zgodovinske širitve EU leta 2004, ter tako okrepile skupno območje blaginje, stabilnosti in varnosti. Ponovno pregledana ESP bo predvidoma sprejeta aprila 2011.

ENP Action Plans

Akcijski načrti za evropsko sosedsko politiko

These documents are negotiated with and tailor-made for each country, based on the country’s needs and capacities, as well as their and the EU’s interests. They jointly define an agenda of political and economic reforms by means of short and medium-term (3-5 years) priorities. They cover political dialogue and reform, economic and social cooperation and development, trade-related issues and market and regulatory reform, cooperation in justice and home affairs, sectors (such as transport, energy, information society, environment, research and development) and a human dimension (people-to-people contacts, civil society, education, public health). The incentives on offer, in return for progress on relevant reforms, are greater integration into European programmes and networks, increased assistance and enhanced market access.

Ti dokumenti so rezultat pogajanj in so prilagojeni vsaki posamezni državi glede na njene potrebe in zmogljivosti ter njene interese in interese EU. Skupaj opredeljujejo načrt političnih in gospodarskih reform, tako da določajo kratko- in srednjeročne prednostne naloge (3–5 let). V njih so obravnavani politični dialog in reforme, gospodarsko in socialno sodelovanje ter razvoj, trgovinska vprašanja ter tržne in regulativne reforme, sodelovanje na področju pravosodja in notranjih zadev, sektorske ureditve (promet, energetika, informacijska družba, okolje, raziskave in razvoj) ter človeška razsežnost (medosebni stiki, civilna družba, izobrazba, javno zdravje). Spodbude, ponujene v zameno za napredek pri ustreznih reformah, omogočajo močnejšo udeležbo v evropskih programih in omrežjih, obsežnejšo pomoč ter večji dostop do trga.

European Neighbourhood and Partnership Instrument (ENPI)

Evropski instrument sosedstva in partnerstva (ENPI)

Since 2007 the European Neighbourhood and Partnership Instrument (ENPI) is the legal base for assistance to ENP countries and Russia - supporting the agreed priorities in the ENP Action Plans, as well as the Strategic Partnership with Russia, replacing previous instruments for the Eastern Neighbours and Russia and for the Mediterranean Partners respectively.

Evropski instrument sosedstva in partnerstva je od leta 2007 pravna podlaga za dodeljevanje pomoči državam ESP in Rusiji, ki podpira dogovorjene prednostne naloge akcijskih načrtov ESP in strateško partnerstvo z Rusijo ter tako nadomešča nekdanje instrumente sodelovanja z vzhodnimi sosedami in Rusijo oziroma s sredozemskimi partnericami.

Barcelona Process

Barcelonski proces

Framework policy launched in 1995 by the Ministers of Foreign Affairs of the then 15 EU members and 14 Mediterranean partners as the base for the Euro-Mediterranean Partnership which has evolved into the Union for the Mediterranean. The partnership was organised into three main dimensions: political and security dialogue; economic and financial partnership; social, cultural and human partnership. With the introduction of the European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP) in 2004, the Barcelona Process essentially became the multilateral forum of dialogue and cooperation between the EU and its Mediterranean partners while complementary bilateral relations are managed mainly under the ENP and through Association Agreements signed with each partner country.

Barcelonski proces je okvirna politika, ki so jo leta 1995 oblikovali zunanji ministri tedanjih 15 držav članic EU in 14 sredozemskih partnerskih držav, da bi nanjo oprli evro-sredozemsko partnerstvo, ki se je razvilo v Unijo za Sredozemlje. Partnerstvo ima tri glavne razsežnosti: politični in varnostni dialog, gospodarsko in finančno partnerstvo ter socialno, kulturno in medosebno partnerstvo. Z uvedbo evropske sosedske politike (ESP) leta 2004 je barcelonski proces postal predvsem večstranski forum za dialog in sodelovaje med EU in njenimi sredozemskimi partnericami, medtem ko dopolnilno dvostransko sodelovanje poteka zlasti v okviru ESP in ga urejajo pridružitveni sporazumi, sklenjeni s posameznimi partnerskimi državami.

Facility for Euro-Mediterranean Investment and Partnership (FEMIP)

Sklad za evro-sredozemske naložbe in partnerstvo (FEMIP)

This facility brings together EIB loans guaranteed by the EU budget and other services provided by the European Investment Bank (EIB) to assist the economic development and the integration of the Mediterranean partner countries. Activities are focused on two priority areas: support for the private sector and creating an investment-friendly environment.

Ta sklad združuje posojila Evropske investicijske banke, zajamčena s proračunom EU, in druge storitve EIB. Sredstva sklada se uporabljajo za pomoč pri gospodarskem razvoju in povezovanju sredozemskih partnerskih držav. Dejavnosti sklada se osredotočajo zlasti na pomoč zasebnemu sektorju in oblikovanje spodbudnega okolja za naložbe.

European Investment Bank (EIB)

Evropska investicijska banka (EIB)

The European Investment Bank (EIB) is the European Union's financing institution. Its shareholders are the 27 Member States of the Union, which have jointly subscribed its capital. The EIB's role is to provide long-term finance in support of investment projects. Inside the European Union the EIB supports the EU's policy objectives in the following areas: small and medium-sized enterprises; cohesion and convergence; the fight against climate change; environmental protection and sustainable communities; sustainable, competitive and secure energy; the knowledge economy; trans-European networks. Outside the EU, the EIB is active in over 150 countries to implement the financial pillar of EU external cooperation and development policies (private sector development, infrastructure development, security of energy supply, and environmental sustainability).

Evropska investicijska banka je finančna institucija Evropske unije. Njene delničarke so vse države članice Evropske unije, ki si delijo njen skupni vpisani kapital. Vloga EIB je zagotavljati dolgoročno finančno podporo za naložbene projekte. V Evropski uniji EIB podpira cilje politik EU na naslednjih področjih: mala in srednje velika podjetja, kohezija in konvergenca, boj proti podnebnim spremembam, varstvo okolja in trajnostne skupnosti, trajnostna, konkurenčna in varna energija, na znanju temelječe gospodarstvo ter vseevropska omrežja. Zunaj EU je EIB dejavna v več kot 150 državah, v katerih izvaja finančni steber zunanjega sodelovanja in razvojnih politik EU (razvoj zasebnega sektorja, razvoj infrastrukture, zanesljivost preskrbe z energijo in okoljsko trajnost).

European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (ERBD)

Evropska banka za obnovo in razvoj (ERBD)

established in 1991 in response to major changes in the political and economic climate in central and eastern Europe, the ERBD is an international financial institution that supports projects from central Europe to central Asia by investing primarily in private sector clients whose needs cannot be fully met by the market, with a view to fostering transition towards open and democratic market economies. Its area of operations has been recently extended to Turkey.

Evropska banka za obnovo in razvoj je bila ustanovljena leta 1991 kot odziv na velike politične in gospodarske spremembe v srednji in vzhodni Evropi. Je mednarodna finančna institucija, ki podpira projekte vse od srednje Evrope do srednje Azije, in sicer zlasti z vlaganjem v subjekte zasebnega sektorja, katerih potreb trg ne zmore v celoti zadovoljiti, da bi omogočila prehod k odprtim in demokratičnim tržnim gospodarstvom. Svoje delovanje je nedavno razširila na Turčijo.

FRONTEX

Agencija FRONTEX

Is the European Agency for the Management of Operational Cooperation at the External Borders of the Member States of the European Union. Based in Warsaw, it is a specialised and independent body tasked to coordinate the operational cooperation between Member States in the field of border security.

Frontex je evropska agencija za upravljanje in operativno sodelovanje na zunanjih mejah držav članic Evropske unije. Njen sedež je v Varšavi. Je specializiran in neodvisen organ, katerega naloga je usklajevati operativno sodelovanje med državami članicami na področju varnosti meja.

Maghreb

Magreb

The term generally refers to the five North African countries of Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, and Mauritania, plus the disputed territory of Western Sahara - although it is most commonly used for Algeria, Morocco and Tunisia.

Magreb navadno označuje pet severnoafriških držav: Maroko, Alžirijo, Tunizijo, Libijo in Mavretanijo ter sporno zahodnosaharsko ozemlje, čeprav se najpogosteje uporablja le za Alžirijo, Maroko in Tunizijo.

Mashreq

Mašrek

This refers to the region of countries to the east of Egypt and north of the Arabian Peninsula (Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, and the occupied Palestinian territory), although it is commonly used to include Egypt as well.

Mašrek označuje države vzhodno od Egipta in severno od Arabskega polotoka (Jordanija, Libija, Sirija in Zasedeno palestinsko ozemlje), čeprav navadno vključuje tudi Egipt.

[1] Within Heading 4 of the 2007-2013 multiannual financial framework including, if necessary, through the Flexibility Instrument and Emergency Aid Reserve.

[1] Po potrebi pod postavko 4 večletnega finančnega okvira za obdobje 2007–2013 prek instrumenta prožnosti in rezerv za nujno pomoč.

[2] The potential of the Neigbhourhood Investment Facility (NIF) in leveraging funds is huge. For the 2007-2010 period, NIF grants allocated to approved projects were leveraged by a factor of 17. This potential should be further exploited in the coming years.

[2] Potencial Sosedskega posojilnega sklada (NIF) pri povečevanju sredstev je ogromen. V obdobju 2007–2010 so se dodeljena sredstva NIF za odobrene projekte povečala za 17-krat. Te možnosti naj bi v prihodnjih letih še bolje izkoristili.