Directive 2008/52/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council

Direktiva 2008/52/ES Evropskega parlamenta in Sveta

of 21 May 2008

z dne 21. maja 2008

on certain aspects of mediation in civil and commercial matters

o nekaterih vidikih mediacije v civilnih in gospodarskih zadevah

THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION,

EVROPSKI PARLAMENT IN SVET EVROPSKE UNIJE STA –

Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, and in particular Article 61(c) and the second indent of Article 67(5) thereof,

ob upoštevanju Pogodbe o ustanovitvi Evropske skupnosti ter zlasti člena 61(c) in druge alinee člena 67(5) Pogodbe,

Having regard to the proposal from the Commission,

ob upoštevanju predloga Komisije,

Having regard to the Opinion of the European Economic and Social Committee [1],

ob upoštevanju mnenja Evropskega ekonomsko-socialnega odbora [1],

Acting in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 251 of the Treaty [2],

v skladu s postopkom, določenim v členu 251 Pogodbe [2],

Whereas:

ob upoštevanju naslednjega:

(1) The Community has set itself the objective of maintaining and developing an area of freedom, security and justice, in which the free movement of persons is ensured. To that end, the Community has to adopt, inter alia, measures in the field of judicial cooperation in civil matters that are necessary for the proper functioning of the internal market.

(1) Skupnost si je postavila cilj, da ohranja in razvija območje svobode, varnosti in pravice, na katerem je zagotovljeno prosto gibanje oseb. V ta namen mora Skupnost med drugim sprejeti ukrepe na področju pravosodnega sodelovanja v civilnih zadevah, ki so potrebni za pravilno delovanje notranjega trga.

(2) The principle of access to justice is fundamental and, with a view to facilitating better access to justice, the European Council at its meeting in Tampere on 15 and 16 October 1999 called for alternative, extra-judicial procedures to be created by the Member States.

(2) Načelo dostopa do sodnega varstva je temeljnega pomena in zaradi omogočanja lažjega in boljšega dostopa do sodnega varstva je Evropski svet na zasedanju v Tampereju 15. in 16. oktobra 1999 države članice pozval, da oblikujejo alternativne izvensodne postopke.

(3) In May 2000 the Council adopted Conclusions on alternative methods of settling disputes under civil and commercial law, stating that the establishment of basic principles in this area is an essential step towards enabling the appropriate development and operation of extrajudicial procedures for the settlement of disputes in civil and commercial matters so as to simplify and improve access to justice.

(3) Svet je maja 2000 sprejel sklepe o alternativnih načinih reševanja sporov po civilnem in gospodarskem pravu, v katerih navaja, da je vzpostavitev temeljnih načel na tem področju bistven korak k omogočanju ustreznega razvoja in delovanja izvensodnih postopkov za poravnavo sporov v civilnih in gospodarskih zadevah in s tem k poenostavitvi in izboljšanju dostopa do sodnega varstva.

(4) In April 2002 the Commission presented a Green Paper on alternative dispute resolution in civil and commercial law, taking stock of the existing situation as concerns alternative dispute resolution methods in the European Union and initiating widespread consultations with Member States and interested parties on possible measures to promote the use of mediation.

(4) Komisija je aprila 2002 predstavila zeleno knjigo alternativnih načinih reševanja sporov v civilnem in gospodarskem pravu, v kateri je povzela dejansko stanje v zvezi z alternativnimi načini reševanja sporov v Evropski uniji in začela obsežna posvetovanja z državami članicami in zainteresiranimi stranmi o možnih ukrepih za spodbujanje uporabe mediacije.

(5) The objective of securing better access to justice, as part of the policy of the European Union to establish an area of freedom, security and justice, should encompass access to judicial as well as extrajudicial dispute resolution methods. This Directive should contribute to the proper functioning of the internal market, in particular as concerns the availability of mediation services.

(5) Cilj zagotavljanja boljšega dostopa do sodnega varstva, ki je del politike za vzpostavitev območja svobode, varnosti in pravice Evropske unije, bi moral vključevati dostop do sodnih in izvensodnih načinov reševanja sporov. Ta direktiva bi morala prispevati k pravilnemu delovanju notranjega trga, zlasti glede razpoložljivosti storitev mediacije.

(6) Mediation can provide a cost-effective and quick extrajudicial resolution of disputes in civil and commercial matters through processes tailored to the needs of the parties. Agreements resulting from mediation are more likely to be complied with voluntarily and are more likely to preserve an amicable and sustainable relationship between the parties. These benefits become even more pronounced in situations displaying cross-border elements.

(6) Mediacija lahko zagotavlja stroškovno učinkovito in hitro izvensodno reševanje sporov v civilnih in gospodarskih zadevah s pomočjo postopkov, prilagojenih potrebam strank. Za dogovore, dosežene v mediaciji, je verjetneje, da se bodo izvajali prostovoljno in pomagali ohraniti prijateljski in trajnostni odnos med strankami. Te prednosti postanejo še izrazitejše v primerih s čezmejnimi elementi.

(7) In order to promote further the use of mediation and ensure that parties having recourse to mediation can rely on a predictable legal framework, it is necessary to introduce framework legislation addressing, in particular, key aspects of civil procedure.

(7) Da bi nadalje spodbudili uporabo mediacije in zagotovili, da se lahko stranke, ki se zatečejo k mediaciji, zanesejo na predvidljiv pravni okvir, je treba uvesti okvirno zakonodajo, v kateri so obravnavani zlasti ključni vidiki civilnih postopkov.

(8) The provisions of this Directive should apply only to mediation in cross-border disputes, but nothing should prevent Member States from applying such provisions also to internal mediation processes.

(8) Določbe te direktive bi se morale uporabljati le za mediacijo v čezmejnih sporih, vendar državam članicam nič ne bi smelo preprečevati uporabe teh določb tudi v notranjih postopkih mediacije.

(9) This Directive should not in any way prevent the use of modern communication technologies in the mediation process.

(9) Ta direktiva na noben način ne bi smela preprečevati uporabe sodobnih komunikacijskih tehnologij v postopku mediacije.

(10) This Directive should apply to processes whereby two or more parties to a cross-border dispute attempt by themselves, on a voluntary basis, to reach an amicable agreement on the settlement of their dispute with the assistance of a mediator. It should apply in civil and commercial matters. However, it should not apply to rights and obligations on which the parties are not free to decide themselves under the relevant applicable law. Such rights and obligations are particularly frequent in family law and employment law.

(10) Ta direktiva bi se morala uporabljati za postopke, v katerih poskušata dve ali več strank v čezmejnem sporu prostovoljno s pomočjo mediatorja doseči sporazumni dogovor za rešitev spora. Uporabljati bi se morala v civilnih in gospodarskih zadevah. Za pravice in obveznosti, o katerih stranke v skladu z ustrezno veljavno zakonodajo ne morejo svobodno odločati, pa naj se ne bi uporabljala. Takšne pravice in obveznosti so zlasti pogoste v družinskem in delovnem pravu.

(11) This Directive should not apply to pre-contractual negotiations or to processes of an adjudicatory nature such as certain judicial conciliation schemes, consumer complaint schemes, arbitration and expert determination or to processes administered by persons or bodies issuing a formal recommendation, whether or not it be legally binding as to the resolution of the dispute.

(11) Ta direktiva se ne bi smela uporabljati za predpogodbena pogajanja ali postopke sodne narave, kot so določeni sodni poravnalni postopki, pritožbeni postopki potrošnikov, arbitraža in imenovanja izvedencev, ali za postopke, ki jih vodijo osebe ali organi, ki izdajajo pravno zavezujoča ali nezavezujoča uradna priporočila za reševanje spora.

(12) This Directive should apply to cases where a court refers parties to mediation or in which national law prescribes mediation. Furthermore, in so far as a judge may act as a mediator under national law, this Directive should also apply to mediation conducted by a judge who is not responsible for any judicial proceedings relating to the matter or matters in dispute. This Directive should not, however, extend to attempts made by the court or judge seised to settle a dispute in the context of judicial proceedings concerning the dispute in question or to cases in which the court or judge seised requests assistance or advice from a competent person.

(12) Ta direktiva bi se morala uporabljati za primere, v katerih sodišče stranke napoti na mediacijo ali pa je mediacija predpisana z notranjim pravom. Če notranje pravo sodniku omogoča opravljati vlogo mediatorja, bi se nadalje morala ta direktiva uporabljati tudi za mediacijo, ki jo vodi sodnik, ki ni pristojen za noben sodni postopek v zvezi z zadevo ali zadevami, ki so predmet spora. Ta direktiva pa ne bi smela zajemati poskusov sodišča ali sodnika, ki mu je zadeva predložena v reševanje, v okviru sodnega postopka o zadevnem sporu, ali primerov, v katerih sodišče ali sodnik, ki mu je bila zadeva predložena, za pomoč ali nasvet zaprosi pristojno osebo.

(13) The mediation provided for in this Directive should be a voluntary process in the sense that the parties are themselves in charge of the process and may organise it as they wish and terminate it at any time. However, it should be possible under national law for the courts to set time-limits for a mediation process. Moreover, the courts should be able to draw the parties’ attention to the possibility of mediation whenever this is appropriate.

(13) Mediacija, predvidena v tej direktivi, bi morala potekati prostovoljno, tako da stranke same vodijo postopek, ter ga lahko organizirajo tako kot želijo, in zaključijo, kadar želijo. Vseeno bi moralo biti sodiščem v skladu z notranjim pravom omogočeno, da postopek mediacije časovno omejijo. Poleg tega bi morala sodišča imeti možnost opozarjanja strank na možnost mediacije, kadar je to ustrezno.

(14) Nothing in this Directive should prejudice national legislation making the use of mediation compulsory or subject to incentives or sanctions provided that such legislation does not prevent parties from exercising their right of access to the judicial system. Nor should anything in this Directive prejudice existing self-regulating mediation systems in so far as these deal with aspects which are not covered by this Directive.

(14) Nobena določba te direktive ne bi smela posegati v nacionalno zakonodajo, ki določa, da je mediacija obvezna oziroma povezana s spodbudami ali sankcijami, pod pogojem, da takšna zakonodaja strankam ne preprečuje uveljavljati njihovih pravic v sodnem sistemu. Prav tako ta direktiva ne bi smela na noben način vplivati na obstoječe, samoregulirane sisteme mediacije, če ti obravnavajo vidike, ki jih ta direktiva ne zajema.

(15) In order to provide legal certainty, this Directive should indicate which date should be relevant for determining whether or not a dispute which the parties attempt to settle through mediation is a cross-border dispute. In the absence of a written agreement, the parties should be deemed to agree to use mediation at the point in time when they take specific action to start the mediation process.

(15) Da se zagotovi pravna varnost, bi bilo treba v tej direktivi navesti datum, ki je odločilen za ugotovitev, ali je spor, ki ga poskušajo stranke rešiti z mediacijo, čezmejni spor. Če o tem ni pisnega dogovora, bi moralo veljati, da stranke soglašajo z uporabo mediacije v trenutku, ko sprejmejo posebne ukrepe za začetek postopka mediacije.

(16) To ensure the necessary mutual trust with respect to confidentiality, effect on limitation and prescription periods, and recognition and enforcement of agreements resulting from mediation, Member States should encourage, by any means they consider appropriate, the training of mediators and the introduction of effective quality control mechanisms concerning the provision of mediation services.

(16) Da bi zagotovili potrebno medsebojno zaupanje glede zaupnosti, učinka na prekluzivne in zastaralne roke ter priznavanja in izvrševanja dogovorov, doseženih v mediaciji, bi morale države članice na ustrezen način spodbujati usposabljanje mediatorjev in uvedbo učinkovitih mehanizmov nadzora kakovosti v zvezi z zagotavljanjem storitev mediacije.

(17) Member States should define such mechanisms, which may include having recourse to market-based solutions, and should not be required to provide any funding in that respect. The mechanisms should aim at preserving the flexibility of the mediation process and the autonomy of the parties, and at ensuring that mediation is conducted in an effective, impartial and competent way. Mediators should be made aware of the existence of the European Code of Conduct for Mediators which should also be made available to the general public on the Internet.

(17) Države članice bi morale opredeliti takšne mehanizme, ki lahko vključujejo tudi uporabo tržno zasnovanih rešitev, od njih pa se s tem v zvezi ne bi smelo zahtevati, da zagotovijo kakršno koli financiranje. Cilj mehanizmov bi moral biti ohranjanje prožnosti postopka mediacije in avtonomije strank ter zagotavljanje učinkovite, nepristranske in strokovne mediacije. Mediatorji bi morali biti seznanjeni z Evropskim kodeksom ravnanja mediatorjev, ki bi moral biti prek interneta na voljo javnosti.

(18) In the field of consumer protection, the Commission has adopted a Recommendation [3] establishing minimum quality criteria which out-of-court bodies involved in the consensual resolution of consumer disputes should offer to their users. Any mediators or organisations coming within the scope of that Recommendation should be encouraged to respect its principles. In order to facilitate the dissemination of information concerning such bodies, the Commission should set up a database of out-of-court schemes which Member States consider as respecting the principles of that Recommendation.

(18) Na področju varstva potrošnikov je Komisija sprejela uradno priporočilo [3] o določitvi minimalnih meril kakovosti, ki bi jo morali izvensodni organi, vključeni v sporazumno reševanje potrošniških sporov, ponuditi uporabnikom. Vse mediatorje ali organizacije s področja uporabe priporočila, bi bilo treba spodbuditi k upoštevanju v njem določenih načel. Da bi olajšali razširjanje informacij, ki se nanašajo na te organe, bi morala Komisija vzpostaviti podatkovno bazo o izvensodnih postopkih, ki po mnenju držav članic izpolnjujejo načela tega priporočila.

(19) Mediation should not be regarded as a poorer alternative to judicial proceedings in the sense that compliance with agreements resulting from mediation would depend on the good will of the parties. Member States should therefore ensure that the parties to a written agreement resulting from mediation can have the content of their agreement made enforceable. It should only be possible for a Member State to refuse to make an agreement enforceable if the content is contrary to its law, including its private international law, or if its law does not provide for the enforceability of the content of the specific agreement. This could be the case if the obligation specified in the agreement was by its nature unenforceable.

(19) Mediacija ne bi smela veljati za slabšo možnost od sodnih postopkov v smislu, da bi bilo izvajanje dogovorov, doseženih v mediaciji, odvisno od dobre volje strank. Države članice naj bi zato strankam pisnega dogovora, doseženega v mediaciji, zagotovile izvršljivost vsebine njihovega dogovora. Država članica bi lahko izvršljivost dogovora zavrnila le, če je njegova vsebina v nasprotju z zakonodajo te države članice, vključno z njenim mednarodnim zasebnim pravom, ali če njena zakonodaja ne predvideva izvršljivosti vsebine določenega dogovora. To bi se lahko zgodilo, če obveznosti, določene v dogovoru, po naravi niso izvršljive.

(20) The content of an agreement resulting from mediation which has been made enforceable in a Member State should be recognised and declared enforceable in the other Member States in accordance with applicable Community or national law. This could, for example, be on the basis of Council Regulation (EC) No 44/2001 of 22 December 2000 on jurisdiction and the recognition and enforcement of judgments in civil and commercial matters [4] or Council Regulation (EC) No 2201/2003 of 27 November 2003 concerning jurisdiction and the recognition and enforcement of judgments in matrimonial matters and the matters of parental responsibility [5].

(20) Vsebina dogovora, doseženega v mediaciji, ki je bila razglašena za izvršljivo v eni državi članici, bi morala biti v skladu z veljavno zakonodajo Skupnosti ali notranjim pravom priznana in razglašena za izvršljivo v drugih državah članicah. Podlaga za to bi na primer lahko bila Uredba Sveta (ES) št. 44/2001 z dne 22. decembra 2000 o pristojnosti in priznavanju ter izvrševanju sodnih odločb v civilnih in gospodarskih zadevah [4] ali Uredba Sveta (ES) št. 2201/2003 z dne 27. novembra 2003 o pristojnosti in priznavanju ter izvrševanju sodnih odločb v zakonskih sporih in v sporih v zvezi s starševsko odgovornostjo [5].

(21) Regulation (EC) No 2201/2003 specifically provides that, in order to be enforceable in another Member State, agreements between the parties have to be enforceable in the Member State in which they were concluded. Consequently, if the content of an agreement resulting from mediation in a family law matter is not enforceable in the Member State where the agreement was concluded and where the request for enforceability is made, this Directive should not encourage the parties to circumvent the law of that Member State by having their agreement made enforceable in another Member State.

(21) Uredba (ES) št. 2201/2003 izrecno določa, da je pogoj za izvršljivost dogovorov med strankami v drugi državi članici njihova izvršljivost v državi članici, v kateri so bili doseženi. V primeru, da vsebina v mediaciji doseženega dogovora v družinskopravni zadevi ni izvršljiva v državi članici, v kateri je bil dosežen dogovor in vložena zahteva za njegovo izvršljivost, ta direktiva ne bi smela spodbujati strank, da obidejo zakon te države članice s tem, da dosežejo izvršljivost dogovora v drugi državi članici.

(22) This Directive should not affect the rules in the Member States concerning enforcement of agreements resulting from mediation.

(22) Ta direktiva ne bi smela vplivati na predpise držav članic glede izvršbe dogovorov, doseženih v mediaciji.

(23) Confidentiality in the mediation process is important and this Directive should therefore provide for a minimum degree of compatibility of civil procedural rules with regard to how to protect the confidentiality of mediation in any subsequent civil and commercial judicial proceedings or arbitration.

(23) Zaupnost v postopku mediacije je pomembna, zato bi morala ta direktiva zagotoviti minimalno stopnjo združljivosti predpisov, ki urejajo civilni postopek, in sicer v zvezi z načinom, kako varovati zaupnost mediacije v vseh naknadnih civilnih in gospodarskih sodnih postopkih ali pri arbitraži.

(24) In order to encourage the parties to use mediation, Member States should ensure that their rules on limitation and prescription periods do not prevent the parties from going to court or to arbitration if their mediation attempt fails. Member States should make sure that this result is achieved even though this Directive does not harmonise national rules on limitation and prescription periods. Provisions on limitation and prescription periods in international agreements as implemented in the Member States, for instance in the area of transport law, should not be affected by this Directive.

(24) Da bi stranke spodbudili k uporabi mediacije, bi morale države članice zagotoviti, da njihovi predpisi o zastaralnih in prekluzivnih rokih strankam ne preprečujejo dostopa do sodišča ali arbitraže v primeru neuspešne mediacije. Države članice bi morale zagotoviti, da se ta cilj doseže, čeprav ta direktiva ne usklajuje nacionalnih predpisov o zastaralnih in prekluzivnih rokih. Na določbe o zastaralnih in prekluzivnih rokih v mednarodnih sporazumih, kot se izvajajo v državah članicah, na primer na področju prava prometa, ta direktiva ne bi smela vplivati.

(25) Member States should encourage the provision of information to the general public on how to contact mediators and organisations providing mediation services. They should also encourage legal practitioners to inform their clients of the possibility of mediation.

(25) Države članice bi morale spodbujati zagotavljanje informacij širši javnosti o tem, kako stopiti v stik z mediatorji in organizacijami, ki zagotavljajo storitve mediacije. Prav tako bi morale spodbuditi odvetnike, da svoje stranke obvestijo o možnosti mediacije.

(26) In accordance with point 34 of the Interinstitutional agreement on better law-making [6], Member States are encouraged to draw up, for themselves and in the interests of the Community, their own tables illustrating, as far as possible, the correlation between this Directive and the transposition measures, and to make them public.

(26) V skladu s točko 34 Medinstitucionalnega sporazuma o boljši pripravi zakonodaje [6] se države članice spodbuja, da za svoje potrebe in v interesu Skupnosti izdelajo in objavijo lastne tabele, ki naj, kolikor nazorno je to mogoče, prikažejo korelacijo med to direktivo in ukrepi za prenos v nacionalno pravo.

(27) This Directive seeks to promote the fundamental rights, and takes into account the principles, recognised in particular by the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union.

(27) Ta direktiva si prizadeva spodbujati temeljne pravice in upošteva načela, ki so priznana zlasti v Listini Evropske unije o temeljnih pravicah.

(28) Since the objective of this Directive cannot be sufficiently achieved by the Member States and can therefore, by reason of the scale or effects of the action, be better achieved at Community level, the Community may adopt measures in accordance with the principle of subsidiarity as set out in Article 5 of the Treaty. In accordance with the principle of proportionality, as set out in that Article, this Directive does not go beyond what is necessary in order to achieve that objective.

(28) Ker cilja te direktive države članice ne morejo zadovoljivo doseči in jih zaradi obsega ali učinkov ukrepov lažje doseže Skupnost, lahko Skupnost sprejme ukrepe v skladu z načelom subsidiarnosti iz člena 5 Pogodbe. V skladu z načelom sorazmernosti iz navedenega člena ta direktiva ne prekoračuje okvirov, potrebnih za doseganje tega cilja.

(29) In accordance with Article 3 of the Protocol on the position of the United Kingdom and Ireland, annexed to the Treaty on European Union and to the Treaty establishing the European Community, the United Kingdom and Ireland have given notice of their wish to take part in the adoption and application of this Directive.

(29) V skladu s členom 3 Protokola o stališču Združenega kraljestva in Irske, priloženega Pogodbi o Evropski uniji in Pogodbi o ustanovitvi Evropske skupnosti, sta Združeno kraljestvo in Irska sporočila, da želita sodelovati pri sprejetju in uporabi te direktive.

(30) In accordance with Articles 1 and 2 of the Protocol on the position of Denmark, annexed to the Treaty on European Union and to the Treaty establishing the European Community, Denmark does not take part in the adoption of this Directive and is not bound by it or subject to its application,

(30) V skladu s členoma 1 in 2 Protokola o stališču Danske, ki je priložen Pogodbi o Evropski uniji in Pogodbi o ustanovitvi Evropske skupnosti, Danska ne sodeluje pri sprejetju te direktive, ki zanjo zato ni zavezujoča niti se v njej ne uporablja –

HAVE ADOPTED THIS DIRECTIVE:

SPREJELA NASLEDNJO DIREKTIVO:

Article 1

Člen 1

Objective and scope

Cilj in področje uporabe

1. The objective of this Directive is to facilitate access to alternative dispute resolution and to promote the amicable settlement of disputes by encouraging the use of mediation and by ensuring a balanced relationship between mediation and judicial proceedings.

1. Cilj te direktive je olajšati dostop do alternativnega reševanja sporov in spodbuditi mirno reševanje sporov s spodbujanjem uporabe mediacije in zagotavljanjem uravnoteženega odnosa med mediacijo in sodnimi postopki.

2. This Directive shall apply, in cross-border disputes, to civil and commercial matters except as regards rights and obligations which are not at the parties’ disposal under the relevant applicable law. It shall not extend, in particular, to revenue, customs or administrative matters or to the liability of the State for acts and omissions in the exercise of State authority (acta iure imperii).

2. Ta direktiva se uporablja v čezmejnih sporih v civilnih in gospodarskih zadevah, razen za tiste pravice in obveznosti, s katerimi stranke po ustrezni veljavni zakonodaji ne morejo razpolagati. Ne uporablja se zlasti v davčnih, carinskih ali upravnih zadevah ali glede odgovornosti države za dejanja in opustitve pri izvajanju državne oblasti ("acta iure imperii").

3. In this Directive, the term "Member State" shall mean Member States with the exception of Denmark.

3. Za namene te direktive "država članica" pomeni vse države članice razen Danske.

Article 2

Člen 2

Cross-border disputes

Čezmejni spori

1. For the purposes of this Directive a cross-border dispute shall be one in which at least one of the parties is domiciled or habitually resident in a Member State other than that of any other party on the date on which:

1. Za namene te direktive čezmejni spor pomeni spor, kadar ima vsaj ena od strank stalno ali običajno prebivališče v državi članici, v kateri stalno ali običajno ne prebiva nobena druga stranka, na dan, ko:

(a) the parties agree to use mediation after the dispute has arisen;

(a) se stranki po nastanku spora dogovorita za uporabo mediacije;

(b) mediation is ordered by a court;

(b) mediacijo odredi sodišče;

(c) an obligation to use mediation arises under national law; or

(c) po notranjem pravu nastane obveznost, da se uporabi mediacija, ali

(d) for the purposes of Article 5 an invitation is made to the parties.

(d) je bil za namene člena 5 izdan poziv strankam.

2. Notwithstanding paragraph 1, for the purposes of Articles 7 and 8 a cross-border dispute shall also be one in which judicial proceedings or arbitration following mediation between the parties are initiated in a Member State other than that in which the parties were domiciled or habitually resident on the date referred to in paragraph 1(a), (b) or (c).

2. Ne glede na odstavek 1 je za namene členov 7 in 8 čezmejni spor tudi tisti spor, kadar se sodni postopek ali arbitraža, ki sledi mediaciji med strankami, začne v državi članici, ki ni država članica, v kateri so imele stranke stalno ali običajno prebivališče na dan iz odstavka 1(a), (b) ali (c).

3. For the purposes of paragraphs 1 and 2, domicile shall be determined in accordance with Articles 59 and 60 of Regulation (EC) No 44/2001.

3. Za namene odstavkov 1 in 2 se stalno prebivališče določi v skladu s členoma 59 in 60 Uredbe (ES) št. 44/2001.

Article 3

Člen 3

Definitions

Opredelitev pojmov

For the purposes of this Directive the following definitions shall apply:

V tej direktivi se uporabljata naslednji opredelitvi:

(a) "Mediation" means a structured process, however named or referred to, whereby two or more parties to a dispute attempt by themselves, on a voluntary basis, to reach an agreement on the settlement of their dispute with the assistance of a mediator. This process may be initiated by the parties or suggested or ordered by a court or prescribed by the law of a Member State.

(a) "Mediacija" pomeni strukturiran postopek, kakor koli imenovan ali naveden, v katerem dve ali več strank v sporu poskuša prostovoljno s pomočjo mediatorja doseči dogovor o rešitvi spora. Ta postopek lahko začnejo stranke ali pa ga predlaga oziroma odredi sodišče ali predpiše zakonodaja države članice.

It includes mediation conducted by a judge who is not responsible for any judicial proceedings concerning the dispute in question. It excludes attempts made by the court or the judge seised to settle a dispute in the course of judicial proceedings concerning the dispute in question.

Vključuje mediacijo, ki jo vodi sodnik, ki ni pristojen za nobenega od sodnih postopkov v zvezi z zadevnim sporom. Izključeni pa so poskusi sodišča ali sodnika, ki mu je zadeva predložena v reševanje, med sodnim postopkom o zadevnem sporu.

(b) "Mediator" means any third person who is asked to conduct a mediation in an effective, impartial and competent way, regardless of the denomination or profession of that third person in the Member State concerned and of the way in which the third person has been appointed or requested to conduct the mediation.

(b) "Mediator" pomeni vsako tretjo osebo, ki je zaprošena, da vodi mediacijo učinkovito, nepristransko in strokovno, ne glede na njen naziv ali poklic v zadevni državi članici in ne glede na način, na katerega je bila tretja oseba imenovana ali zaprošena za vodenje mediacije.

Article 4

Člen 4

Ensuring the quality of mediation

Zagotavljanje kakovostne mediacije

1. Member States shall encourage, by any means which they consider appropriate, the development of, and adherence to, voluntary codes of conduct by mediators and organisations providing mediation services, as well as other effective quality control mechanisms concerning the provision of mediation services.

1. Države članice na kakršen koli način, ki se jim zdi primeren, spodbujajo razvijanje prostovoljnih kodeksov ravnanja in njihovo spoštovanje s strani mediatorjev in organizacij, ki opravljajo storitve mediacije, ter drugih učinkovitih mehanizmov nadzora kakovosti v zvezi z opravljanjem storitev mediacije.

2. Member States shall encourage the initial and further training of mediators in order to ensure that the mediation is conducted in an effective, impartial and competent way in relation to the parties.

2. Države članice spodbujajo začetno in nadaljnje usposabljanje mediatorjev, da se v odnosu do strank zagotovi učinkovito, nepristransko in strokovno vodenje mediacije.

Article 5

Člen 5

Recourse to mediation

Uporaba mediacije

1. A court before which an action is brought may, when appropriate and having regard to all the circumstances of the case, invite the parties to use mediation in order to settle the dispute. The court may also invite the parties to attend an information session on the use of mediation if such sessions are held and are easily available.

1. Sodišče, na katerem je vložena tožba, lahko, če je to primerno in ob upoštevanju vseh okoliščin primera, stranke povabi, da za rešitev spora uporabijo mediacijo. Sodišče lahko stranke prav tako povabi, da se udeležijo informativnega sestanka o uporabi mediacije, če taki sestanki potekajo in so lahko dostopni.

2. This Directive is without prejudice to national legislation making the use of mediation compulsory or subject to incentives or sanctions, whether before or after judicial proceedings have started, provided that such legislation does not prevent the parties from exercising their right of access to the judicial system.

2. Ta direktiva ne posega v nacionalno zakonodajo, po kateri je mediacija pred uvedbo sodnega postopka ali po njej obvezna oziroma povezana s spodbudami ali sankcijami, pod pogojem, da takšna zakonodaja strankam ne preprečuje uveljavljanja pravice dostopa do sodnega sistema.

Article 6

Člen 6

Enforceability of agreements resulting from mediation

Izvršljivost v mediaciji doseženih dogovorov

1. Member States shall ensure that it is possible for the parties, or for one of them with the explicit consent of the others, to request that the content of a written agreement resulting from mediation be made enforceable. The content of such an agreement shall be made enforceable unless, in the case in question, either the content of that agreement is contrary to the law of the Member State where the request is made or the law of that Member State does not provide for its enforceability.

1. Države članice zagotovijo, da lahko stranke oziroma ena od strank ob izrecnem soglasju ostalih strank zahtevajo razglasitev izvršljivosti vsebine pisnega dogovora, doseženega v mediaciji. Vsebina takšnega dogovora je izvršljiva, razen če je v zadevnem primeru vsebina dogovora v nasprotju z zakonodajo države članice, v kateri je bila vložena zahteva, ali če njena zakonodaja ne predvideva njegove izvršljivosti.

2. The content of the agreement may be made enforceable by a court or other competent authority in a judgment or decision or in an authentic instrument in accordance with the law of the Member State where the request is made.

2. Vsebino dogovora lahko sodišče ali drug pristojni organ v skladu z zakonodajo države članice, v kateri se vloži zahteva, razglasi za izvršljivo s sodbo, odločbo ali javno listino.

3. Member States shall inform the Commission of the courts or other authorities competent to receive requests in accordance with paragraphs 1 and 2.

3. Države članice Komisiji sporočijo imena sodišč ali drugih organov, ki so pristojni za sprejemanje zahtev v skladu z odstavkoma 1 in 2.

4. Nothing in this Article shall affect the rules applicable to the recognition and enforcement in another Member State of an agreement made enforceable in accordance with paragraph 1.

4. Ta člen v ničemer ne vpliva na predpise, ki se uporabljajo za priznanje in izvršitev dogovora, ki je razglašen za izvršljivega v skladu z odstavkom 1, v drugi državi članici.

Article 7

Člen 7

Confidentiality of mediation

Zaupnost mediacije

1. Given that mediation is intended to take place in a manner which respects confidentiality, Member States shall ensure that, unless the parties agree otherwise, neither mediators nor those involved in the administration of the mediation process shall be compelled to give evidence in civil and commercial judicial proceedings or arbitration regarding information arising out of or in connection with a mediation process, except:

1. Ker naj bi mediacija potekala na način, ki spoštuje zaupnost, države članice zagotovijo, da, razen če se stranke ne dogovorijo drugače, niti mediator niti osebe, ki sodelujejo pri vodenju postopka mediacije, v civilnih in gospodarskih sodnih postopkih ali arbitraži ne morejo biti prisiljene, da zagotovijo dokaze v zvezi s podatki, ki izhajajo iz postopka mediacije ali so z njim povezani, razen:

(a) where this is necessary for overriding considerations of public policy of the Member State concerned, in particular when required to ensure the protection of the best interests of children or to prevent harm to the physical or psychological integrity of a person; or

(a) kadar je to potrebno zaradi pomembnih razlogov javnega reda zadevne države članice, zlasti kadar je treba zagotoviti zaščito interesov otrok ali preprečiti poseg v telesno ali duševno integriteto osebe; ali

(b) where disclosure of the content of the agreement resulting from mediation is necessary in order to implement or enforce that agreement.

(b) če je razkritje vsebine dogovora, doseženega v mediaciji, potrebno za izvajanje ali izvršitev tega dogovora.

2. Nothing in paragraph 1 shall preclude Member States from enacting stricter measures to protect the confidentiality of mediation.

2. Nobena določba iz odstavka 1 državam članicam ne preprečuje uzakonitve strožjih ukrepov za varstvo zaupnosti mediacije.

Article 8

Člen 8

Effect of mediation on limitation and prescription periods

Učinek mediacije na prekluzivne in zastaralne roke

1. Member States shall ensure that parties who choose mediation in an attempt to settle a dispute are not subsequently prevented from initiating judicial proceedings or arbitration in relation to that dispute by the expiry of limitation or prescription periods during the mediation process.

1. Države članice zagotovijo, da stranke, ki so v poskusu reševanja spora izbrale mediacijo, zaradi izteka prekluzivnih ali zastaralnih rokov v postopku mediacije v nadaljevanju ne izgubijo možnosti uvedbe sodnega postopka ali arbitraže.

2. Paragraph 1 shall be without prejudice to provisions on limitation or prescription periods in international agreements to which Member States are party.

2. Odstavek 1 ne posega v določbe o prekluzivnih ali zastaralnih rokih, ki so del mednarodnih sporazumov, katerih pogodbenice so države članice.

Article 9

Člen 9

Information for the general public

Informacije za širšo javnost

Member States shall encourage, by any means which they consider appropriate, the availability to the general public, in particular on the Internet, of information on how to contact mediators and organisations providing mediation services.

Države članice na ustrezen način spodbujajo zagotavljanje informacij širši javnosti, zlasti prek svetovnega spleta, o tem, kako vzpostaviti stik z mediatorji in organizacijami, ki ponujajo storitve mediacije.

Article 10

Člen 10

Information on competent courts and authorities

Informacije o pristojnih sodiščih in organih

The Commission shall make publicly available, by any appropriate means, information on the competent courts or authorities communicated by the Member States pursuant to Article 6(3).

Komisija na ustrezen način omogoči, da so informacije o pristojnih sodiščih ali organih, ki jih sporočijo države članice v skladu s členom 6(3), dostopne javnosti.

Article 11

Člen 11

Review

Pregled

Not later than 21 May 2016, the Commission shall submit to the European Parliament, the Council and the European Economic and Social Committee a report on the application of this Directive. The report shall consider the development of mediation throughout the European Union and the impact of this Directive in the Member States. If necessary, the report shall be accompanied by proposals to adapt this Directive.

Komisija najpozneje 21. maja 2016 Evropskemu parlamentu, Svetu in Evropskemu ekonomsko-socialnemu odboru predloži poročilo o uporabi te direktive. Poročilo obravnava razvoj mediacije v vsej Evropski uniji in vpliv te direktive v državah članicah. Poročilu se po potrebi priložijo predlogi za prilagoditev te direktive.

Article 12

Člen 12

Transposition

Prenos

1. Member States shall bring into force the laws, regulations, and administrative provisions necessary to comply with this Directive before 21 May 2011, with the exception of Article 10, for which the date of compliance shall be 21 November 2010 at the latest. They shall forthwith inform the Commission thereof.

1. Države članice uveljavijo zakone in druge predpise, potrebne za uskladitev s to direktivo, pred 21. majem 2011, razen člena 10, za katerega se uskladitev izvede najpozneje do 21. novembra 2010. O tem takoj obvestijo Komisijo.

When they are adopted by Member States, these measures shall contain a reference to this Directive or shall be accompanied by such reference on the occasion of their official publication. The methods of making such reference shall be laid down by Member States.

Države članice se v sprejetih ukrepih sklicujejo na to direktivo ali pa sklic nanjo navedejo ob njihovi uradni objavi. Način sklicevanja določijo države članice.

2. Member States shall communicate to the Commission the text of the main provisions of national law which they adopt in the field covered by this Directive.

2. Države članice predložijo Komisiji besedila temeljnih predpisov nacionalne zakonodaje, sprejetih na področju, ki ga ureja ta direktiva.

Article 13

Člen 13

Entry into force

Začetek veljavnosti

This Directive shall enter into force on the 20th day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.

Ta direktiva začne veljati dvajseti dan po objavi v Uradnem listu Evropske unije.

Article 14

Člen 14

Addressees

Naslovniki

This Directive is addressed to the Member States.

Ta direktiva je naslovljena na države članice.

Done at Strasbourg, 21 May 2008.

V Strasbourgu, 21. maja 2008

For the European Parliament

Za Evropski parlament

The President

Predsednik

H.-G. Pöttering

H.-G. Pöttering

For the Council

Za Svet

The President

Predsednik

J. Lenarčič

J. Lenarčič

[1] OJ C 286, 17.11.2005, p. 1.

[1] UL C 286, 17.11.2005, str. 1.

[2] Opinion of the European Parliament of 29 March 2007 (OJ C 27 E, 31.1.2008, p. 129). Council Common Position of 28 February 2008 (not yet published in the Official Journal) and Position of the European Parliament of 23 April 2008 (not yet published in the Official Journal).

[2] Mnenje Evropskega parlamenta z dne 29. marca 2007 (UL C 27 E, 31.1.2008, str. 129), Skupno stališče Sveta z dne 28. februarja 2008 (še ni objavljeno v Uradnem listu) in stališče Evropskega parlamenta z dne 23. aprila 2008 (še ni objavljeno v Uradnem listu).

[3] Commission Recommendation 2001/310/EC of 4 April 2001 on the principles for out-of-court bodies involved in the consensual resolution of consumer disputes (OJ L 109, 19.4.2001, p. 56).

[3] Priporočilo Komisije 2001/310/ES z dne 4. aprila 2001 o načelih za izvensodne organe, ki so vključeni v sporazumno reševanje potrošniških sporov (UL L 109, 19.4.2001, str. 56).

[4] OJ L 12, 16.1.2001, p. 1. Regulation as last amended by Regulation (EC) No 1791/2006 (OJ L 363, 20.12.2006, p. 1).

[4] UL L 12, 16.1.2001, str. 1. Uredba, kakor je bila nazadnje spremenjena z Uredbo (ES) št. 1791/2006 (UL L 363, 20.12.2006, str. 1).

[5] OJ L 338, 23.12.2003, p. 1. Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 2116/2004 (OJ L 367, 14.12.2004, p. 1).

[5] UL L 338, 23.12.2003, str. 1. Uredba, kakor je bila spremenjena z Uredbo (ES) št. 2116/2004 (UL L 367, 14.12.2004, str. 1).

[6] OJ C 321, 31.12.2003, p. 1.

[6] UL C 321, 31.12.2003, str. 1.

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