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Brussels, 10.11.2010

Brussel 10.11.2010

COM(2010) 639 final

KUMM(2010) 639 finali

COMMUNICATION FROM THE COMMISSION TO THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT, THE COUNCIL, THE EUROPEAN ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COMMITTEE AND THE COMMITTEE OF THE REGIONS

KOMUNIKAZZJONI MILL-KUMMISSJONI LILL-PARLAMENT EWROPEW, LILL-KUNSILL, LILL-KUMITAT EKONOMIKU U SOĊJALI EWROPEW U LILL-KUMITAT TAR-REĠJUNI

Energy 2020 A strategy for competitive, sustainable and secure energy

Enerġija 2020 Strateġija għal enerġija kompetittiva, sostenibbli u b'sigurtà

{SEC(2010) 1346}

SEG(2010) 1346

COMMUNICATION FROM THE COMMISSION TO THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT, THE COUNCIL, THE EUROPEAN ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COMMITTEE AND THE COMMITTEE OF THE REGIONS

KOMUNIKAZZJONI MILL-KUMMISSJONI LILL-PARLAMENT EWROPEW, LILL-KUNSILL, LILL-KUMITAT EKONOMIKU U SOĊJALI EWROPEW U LILL-KUMITAT TAR-REĠJUNI

Energy 2020A strategy for competitive, sustainable and secure energy

Enerġija 2020Strateġija għal enerġija kompetittiva, sostenibbli u b'sigurtà

INTRODUCTION

INTRODUZZJONI

The price of failure is too high.

Il-prezz tal-falliment huwa għoli wisq.

Energy is the life blood of our society. The well-being of our people, industry and economy depends on safe, secure, sustainable and affordable energy. At the same time, energy related emissions account for almost 80% of the EU's total greenhouse gas emissions. The energy challenge is thus one of the greatest tests which Europe has to face. It will take decades to steer our energy systems onto a more secure and sustainable path. Yet the decisions to set us on the right path are needed urgently as failing to achieve a well-functioning European energy market will only increase the costs for consumers and put Europe’s competitiveness at risk.

L-enerġija hija n-nifs tal-ħajja tas-soċjetà tagħna. Il-ġid tal-poplu, tal-industrija u tal-ekonomija tagħna jiddependi fuq enerġija sikura, sostenibbli, li toffri siġurtà u bi prezz moderat. Fl-istess waqt, l-emissjonijiet relatati mal-enerġija jammontaw għal kważi 80 % tal-emissjonijiet ta' gassijiet b'effett ta' serra totali tal-UE. Għal din ir-raġuni, l-isfida tal-enerġija hija waħda mill-akbar provi li l-Ewropa trid tiffaċċja. Il-proċess biex is-sistemi tal-enerġija tagħna jaqbdu triq li toffri aktar sigurtà u sostenibbiltà se jieħu s-snin. Madankollu, jeħtieġ b'mod urġenti li jittieħdu d-deċiżjonijiet li jiggwidawna lejn it-triq it-tajba għaliex in-nuqqas ta' ksib ta' suq Ewropew tal-enerġija li jiffunzjona tajjeb se jirriżulta biss f'aktar spejjeż għall-konsumaturi u jqiegħed il-kompetittività tal-Ewropa f'riskju.

Over the next ten years, energy investments in the order of € 1 trillion are needed, both to diversify existing resources and replace equipment and to cater for challenging and changing energy requirements. Structural changes in energy supply, partly resulting from changes in indigenous production, oblige European economies to choose among energy products and infrastructures. These choices will be felt over the next 30 years and more. To enable these decisions to be taken urgently calls for an ambitious policy framework. Postponing these decisions will have immeasurable repercussions on society as regards both longer-term costs and security.

Fl-għaxar snin li jmiss, hemm bżonn li jsiru investimenti fl-enerġija li jammontaw għal EUR 1 triljun, kemm għad-diversifikazzjoni tar-riżorsi eżistenti u kemm biex jiġi sostitwit it-tagħmir u jiġu indirizzati r-rekwiżiti tal-enerġija ta' sfida u li qed jinbidlu. It-tibdil strutturali fil-provvista tal-enerġija, parzjalment ikkawżat minn tibdil fil-produzzjoni indiġena, jobbliga lill-ekonomiji Ewropej jagħżlu minn fost il-prodotti u l-infrastrutturi tal-enerġija. L-effetti ta’ dawn l-għażliet se jinħassu matul it-30 sena u iktar li jmiss. Sabiex dawn id-deċiżjonijiet ikunu jistgħu jittieħdu malajr hemm bżonn ta’ qafas ta’ politika ambizzjuż. Il-posponiment ta’ dawn id-deċiżjonijiet se jkollu riperkussjonijiet inkwantifikabbli fuq is-soċjetà f’dak li jirrigwarda kemm l-ispejjeż u kemm is-sigurtà fit-tul.

A common EU energy policy has evolved around the common objective to ensure the uninterrupted physical availability of energy products and services on the market, at a price which is affordable for all consumers (private and industrial), while contributing to the EU's wider social and climate goals. The central goals for energy policy (security of supply, competitiveness, and sustainability) are now laid down in the Lisbon Treaty[1]. This spells out clearly what is expected from Europe in the energy area. While some progress has been made towards these goals, Europe's energy systems are adapting too slowly, while the scale of the challenges grows. Forthcoming enlargements of the EU will make this challenge even greater as the Union takes in countries with outdated infrastructure and less competitive energy economies.

Il-politika komuni tal-enerġija fl-UE evolviet fl-ambitu tal-għan komuni li tiġi żgurata d-disponibbiltà fiżika u bla interruzzjoni tal-prodotti u s-servizzi tal-enerġija fis-suq, bi prezz tajjeb għall-but tal-konsumaturi kollha (privati u industrijali), filwaqt li jingħata kontribut lejn il-miri soċjali u klimatiċi ġenerali tal-UE. Il-miri ċentrali tal-politika tal-enerġija (is-sigurtà tal-provvista, il-kompetittività u s-sostenibbiltà) issa huma stabbiliti fit-Trattat ta’ Lisbona[1]. Dan jispjega b’mod ċar x’inhu mistenni mill-Ewropa fil-qasam tal-enerġija. Għalkemm sar progress biex jintlaħqu dawn il-miri, is-sistemi tal-enerġija tal-Ewropa qed jadattaw bil-mod wisq, filwaqt li l-iskala tal-isfidi qiegħda tikber. Aktar tkabbir tal-UE fil-futur se jagħmel din l-isfida akbar għaliex se jissieħbu mal-Unjoni pajjiżi li għandhom infrastruttura antikwata u ekonomiji tal-enerġija anqas kompetittivi.

The European Council adopted in 2007 ambitious energy and climate change objectives for 2020 – to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 20%, rising to 30% if the conditions are right[2], to increase the share of renewable energy to 20% and to make a 20% improvement in energy efficiency. The European Parliament has continuously supported these goals. The European Council has also given a long term commitment to the decarbonisation path with a target for the EU and other industrialised countries of 80 to 95% cuts in emissions by 2050.

Fl-2007 l-Kunsill Ewropew adotta għanijiet ambizzjużi relatati mal-enerġija u t-tibdil fil-klima għall-2020 – li jitnaqqsu l-emissjonijiet tal-gassijiet b’effett ta’ serra b’20 %, li jista’ jitla’ għal 30 % jekk ikun hemm il-kundizzjonijiet xierqa[2], li s-sehem tal-enerġija rinnovabbli jiżdied għal 20 % u li jsir titjib ta’ 20 % fl-effiċjenza fl-enerġija. Il-Parlament Ewropew appoġġja dawn l-għanijiet kontinwament. Il-Kunsill Ewropew ukoll għamel impenn fit-tul fil-mixja lejn id-dekarbonizzazzjoni b’mira għall-UE u pajjiżi industrijalizzati oħra ta’ tnaqqis tal-emissjonijiet ta’ 80 sa 95 % sal-2050.

Nevertheless, the existing strategy is currently unlikely to achieve all the 2020 targets, and it is wholly inadequate to the longer term challenges. EU energy and climate goals have been incorporated into the Europe 2020 Strategy for smart, sustainable and inclusive growth[3], adopted by the European Council in June 2010, and into its flagship initiative ‘Resource efficient Europe’. The urgent task for the EU is to agree the tools which will make the necessary shift possible and thus ensure that Europe can emerge from recession on a more competitive, secure and sustainable path.

Madankollu, x’aktarx li l-istrateġija eżistenti attwali ma tilħaqx il-miri kollha tal-2020, u kumplessivament hija inadegwata fir-rigward tal-isfidi fit-tul. Il-miri tal-enerġija u tal-klima tal-UE ġew inkorporati fl-Istrateġija Ewropa 2020 Strateġija għal tkabbir intelliġenti, sostenibbli u inklussiv[3], li ġiet adottata mill-Kunsill Ewropew f’Ġunju 2010, u fl-inizjattiva ewlenija tagħha “Ewropa b'użu effiċjenti tar-riżorsi”. Il-kompitu urġenti tal-UE huwa li tasal fi qbil dwar l-għodda li jippermettu li ssir din il-bidla meħtieġa biex b’hekk tiżgura li l-Ewropa toħroġ mir-riċessjoni u taqbad triq iktar kompetittiva, sostenibbli u li toffri aktar sigurtà.

Despite the importance of energy policy aims, there are serious gaps in delivery.

Minkejja l-importanza tal-għanijiet tal-politika dwar l-enerġija, hemm diskrepanzi serji fit-twassil tagħhom.

The internal energy market is still fragmented and has not achieved its potential for transparency, accessibility and choice. Companies have grown beyond national borders, but their development is still hampered by a host of different national rules and practices. There are still many barriers to open and fair competition[4]. A recent study into consumer conditions in retail electricity markets indicates sub-optimal consumer choice[5]. Implementation of internal market legislation is disappointing, with over 40 infringement procedures underway on the second internal energy market package from 2003 alone.

Is-suq intern tal-enerġija għadu frammentat u għadu ma laħaqx il-potenzjal tiegħu tat-trasparenza, l-aċċessibbiltà u l-għażla. Il-kumpaniji kibru u qabżu l-fruntieri nazzjonali, iżda l-iżvilupp tagħhom għadu mxekkel minnħabba serje ta’ regoli u prattiki nazzjonali differenti. Għad hemm ħafna ostakli għal kompetizzjoni miftuħa u ġusta[4]. Studju reċenti dwar il-kundizzjonijiet tal-konsumaturi fis-swieq tal-konsumaturi tal-elettriku jindika għażla li mhijiex l-aħjar għall-konsumaturi[5]. L-implimentazzjoni tal-leġiżlazzjoni dwar is-suq intern hija diżappuntanti, u aktar minn 40 proċedura ta’ ksur huma għaddejjin dwar it-tieni pakkett tas-suq intern tal-enerġija mill-2003 biss.

The security of internal energy supplies is undermined by delays in investments and technological progress[6]. Currently, nearly 45% of European electricity generation is based on low-carbon energy sources, mainly nuclear and hydropower. Parts of the EU could lose more than a third of their generation capacity by 2020 because of the limited life-time of these installations. This means replacing and expanding existing capacities, finding secure non-fossil fuel alternatives, adapting networks to renewable energy sources and achieving a truly integrated internal energy market. At the same time Member States still need to phase out environmentally harmful subsidies.

Is-sigurtà tal-provvisti interni tal-enerġija hija mhedda mid-dewmien fl-investimenti u fil-progress teknoloġiku[6]. Attwalment, kważi 45 % tal-ġenerazzjoni tal-elettriku fl-Ewropa hija bbażata fuq sorsi tal-enerġija b’livell baxx ta’ karbonju, prinċipalment l-enerġija nukleari u idroelettrika. Partijiet mill-UE jistgħu jitilfu iktar minn terz tal-kapaċità ta’ ġenerazzjoni tagħhom sal-2020 minħabba l-ħajja limitata ta' dawn l-installazzjonijiet. Dan jimplika sostituzzjoni u żieda fil-kapaċitajiet eżistenti, l-identifikazzjoni ta’ alternattivi li joffru sigurtà li u li ma jiġux minn fjuwils fossili, l-adattament tan-netwerks għal sorsi tal-enerġija rinnovabbli u l-ksib ta' suq intern tal-enerġija verament integrat. Fl-istess ħin l-Istati Membri għad iridu jneħħu f'fażijiet is-sussidji li huma ta' ħsara għall-ambjent.

The quality of National Energy Efficiency Action Plans, developed by Member States since 2008, is disappointing, leaving vast potential untapped. The move towards renewable energy use and greater energy efficiency in transport is happening too slowly. While we are broadly on track for the 20% target for renewable, we are a long way from achieving the objective set for energy efficiency.

Il-kwalità tal-Pjanijiet ta’ Azzjoni Nazzjonali dwar l-Effiċjenza fl-Enerġija żviluppati mill-Istati Membri mill-2008 ’l hawn hija diżappuntanti, billi jħallu potenzjal kbir mhux sfruttat. Il-bidla lejn l-użu tal-enerġija rinnovabbli u effiċjenza akbar fl-enerġija fit-trasport qed issir bil-mod wisq. Għalkemm b’mod ġenerali mixjin kif previst biex nilħqu l-mira ta’ 20 % enerġija rinnovabbli, għadna ’l bogħod milli nilħqu l-mira stabbilita għall-effiċjenza fl-enerġija.

At an international level, little heed is paid to warnings about tight oil supply in the future[7]. Despite serious gas supply crises that have acted as a wake-up call, exposing Europe’s vulnerability, there is still no common approach towards partner, supplier or transit countries. The potential for further development of EU indigenous fossil fuel resources, including unconventional gas, exists and the role they will play must be assessed in all objectivity.

F’livell internazzjonali, ftit tingħata attenzjoni għat-twissijiet dwar il-provvista limitata taż-żejt fil-futur[7]. Minkejja l-kriżijiet kbar fil-provvista tal-gass li servew bħala sinjal ta’ allarm u kixfu l-vulnerabbiltà tal-Ewropa, xorta għad m’hemmx approċċ kumuni lejn il-pajjiżi li huma msieħba, fornituri jew ta’ tranżitu. Il-potenzjal għal żvilupp ulterjuri tar-riżorsi indiġeni tal-fjuwils fossili fl-UE, inkluż il-gass mhux konvenzjonali, jeżisti u r-rwol li se jkollhom, għandu jkun ivvalutat b'oġġettività sħiħa.

Member States’ energy interdependence requires more European action.

L-interdipendenza tal-Istati Membri fir-rigward tal-enerġija titlob iktar azzjoni Ewropea.

The EU is the level at which energy policy should be developed. Decisions on energy policy taken by one Member State inevitably have an impact on other Member States. The optimum energy mix, including the swift development of renewables, needs a continental market at least. Energy is the market sector where the greatest economic efficiencies can be made on a pan-European scale. Fragmented markets not only undermine security of supply, they also limit the benefits which energy market competition can bring. The time has come for energy policy to become truly European.

L-UE tinsab fil-livell li fih għandha tiġi żviluppata l-politika dwar l-enerġija. Huwa inevitabbli li d-deċiżjonijiet ta’ politika dwar l-enerġija meħuda minn Stat Membru jkollhom impatt fuq Stati Membri oħra. Il-taħlita ottima tal-enerġija, inkluż l-iżvilupp rapidu tal-enerġija rinnovabbli, tirrikjedi tal-inqas suq kontinentali. L-enerġija hija dak is-settur tas-suq fejn jistgħu jinkisbu l-akbar forom ta’ effiċjenza ekonomika fuq skala pan-Ewropea. Is-swieq frammentati mhux biss jipperikolaw is-sigurtà tal-provvista, iżda jillimitaw ukoll il-benefiċċji li tista’ ġġib magħha l-kompetizzjoni fis-suq tal-enerġija. Wasal iż-żmien li l-politika tal-enerġija ssir tassew Ewropea.

The EU must remain an attractive market for companies at a time of increasing competition on energy resources worldwide. The new European energy strategy must support the integrated industrial approach just presented by the European Commission[8], in particular since energy remains an important cost factor for industry[9]. The EU must also consolidate its competitiveness in energy technology markets. The share of renewable energy in the EU energy mix has risen steadily to some 10% of the gross final energy consumption in 2008. In 2009, 62% of newly installed electricity generation capacity in the EU was from renewable sources, mainly wind and solar. However, Europe’s lead is challenged. The independent 2010 Renewable Energy Attractiveness Index[10] now cites the US and China as the best investment opportunities for renewable energy. New stimulus is needed; more than ever is EU leadership called to address these challenges.

L-UE għandha tibqa’ suq attraenti għal kumpaniji fi żmien meta l-kompetizzjoni għar-riżorsi tal-enerġija qed tiżdied madwar id-dinja kollha. L-istrateġija Ewropea l-ġdida għandha tappoġġja l-approċċ industrijali integrat li għadha kif ippreżentat il-Kummissjoni[8], b'mod partikolari għaliex l-enerġija tibqa' fattur importanti tal-kostijiet għall-industrija[9]. L-UE għandha wkoll tikkonsolida l-kompetittività tagħha fis-swieq tat-teknoloġija tal-enerġija. Is-sehem tal-enerġija rinnovabbli fit-taħlita tal-enerġija tal-UE żdied progressivament għal madwar 10 % tal-konsum gross finali tal-enerġija fl-2008. Fl-2009, 62 % tal-kapaċità tal-ġenerazzjoni tal-elettriku minn installazzjonijiet ġodda kienet minn sorsi rinnovabbli, prinċipalment mir-riħ u mix-xemx. Madankollu, il-pożizzjoni vantaġġuża tal-UE hija mhedda. L-Indiċi ta’ Attrazzjoni tal-Enerġija Rinnovabbli (Renewable Energy Attractiveness Index) indipendenti tal-2010[10] issa qed jikkwota lill-Istati Uniti u liċ-Ċina bħala l-aħjar opportunitajiet ta’ investimenti għall-enerġija rinnovabbli. Jenħtieġ stimolu ġdid; issa aktar minn qatt qabel t-tmexxija tal-UE qed tintalab tindirizza dawn l-isfidi.

In international energy affairs, the EU could be much stronger and effective if it took charge of its common interest and ambition. Despite accounting for one fifth of the world’s energy use, the EU continues to have less influence on international energy markets than its economic weight would suggest. Global energy markets are becoming tighter, with developing Asian countries and the Middle East accounting for most of the growth in global demand[11]. As the world's largest energy importer, the EU is likely to be more vulnerable to supply risks as a result.

Fl-affarijiet internazzjonali relatati mal-enerġija, l-UE tista’ tkun ħafna iktar b’saħħitha u effikaċi jekk tieħu f'idejha r-riedni tal-interess u l-ambizzjoni komuni tagħha. Għalkemm l-UE tikkonsma għoxrin fil-mija tal-enerġija tad-dinja, l-influwenza tagħha fuq is-swieq internazzjonali tal-enerġija tibqa’ inqas minn dik li l-piż ekonomiku tagħha għandu jimplika. Is-swieq globali tal-enerġija qed ikomplu jirrestrinġu ruħhom, billi l-pajjiżi Asjatiċi li qed jiżviluppaw u l-Lvant Nofsani qed jiġġeneraw il-biċċa l-kbira taż-żieda fid-domanda globali[11]. Bħala l-akbar importatur tal-enerġija fid-dinja, b'riżultat ta’ dan l-UE x’aktarx li tkun iktar vulnerabbli għar-riskji marbuta mal-provvista.

The inclusion of energy policy in the EU Treaty calls for a new outlook.

L-inklużjoni tal-politika dwar l-enerġija fit-Trattat tal-UE titlob perspettiva ġdida.

We must build on what we have achieved, and be bold in our ambition.

Għandna nibnu fuq dak li ksibna, u nkunu kuraġġużi fl-ambizzjoni tagħna.

The EU cannot afford to fail in its energy ambitions. Therefore the Commission proposes a new energy strategy towards 2020. This will consolidate the measures which have been taken so far and step up activity in areas where new challenges are emerging. It is the result of extensive debates within the EU institutions and wide-ranging public consultations.

L-UE ma taffordjax li tfalli fl-ambizzjonijiet tagħha dwar l-enerġija. Għalhekk il-Kummissjoni qed tipproponi strateġija tal-enerġija ġdida lejn l-2020. Din għandha ssaħħaħ il-miżuri li ttieħdu s’issa u żżid l-attività f’oqsma fejn qed jitfaċċjaw sfidi ġodda. Din hija r-riżultat ta’ dibattiti estensivi fl-istituzzjonijiet tal-UE u konsultazzjonijiet fuq firxa wiesgħa mal-pubbliku.

The focus here is not on a comparative analysis of different energy sources, rather the steps which are required to deliver Europe's medium term policy objectives. Various scenarios in terms of energy mix will be presented in the forthcoming energy roadmap 2050, which will describe ways of achieving Europe’s long-term decarbonisation goal and their implications for energy policy decisions. This strategy sets out initial policy decisions which will be needed to meet our 2020 energy objectives as they currently stand. The 2050 low carbon economy and energy roadmaps will further inform and guide this programme of action and its implementation by offering a long term vision.

Il-fokus hawnhekk mhuwiex analiżi komparattiva ta’ sorsi tal-enerġija differenti, iżda l-passi meħtieġa biex jintlaħqu l-għanijiet tal-politika tal-Ewropa fiż-żmien medju. Fil-Pjan Direzzjonali li jmiss tal-2050 se jiġu ppreżentati diversi xenarji relatati mat-taħlita tal-enerġija, li jiddeskrivu metodi kif tintlaħaq il-mira fit-tul tal-Ewropa għad-dekarbonizzazzjoni, u l-implikazzjonijiet tagħhom għad-deċiżjonijiet dwar il-politika tal-enerġija. Din l-istrateġija tistabbilixxi d-deċiżjonijiet inizjali tal-politika li hemm bżonn li jittieħdu biex jintlaħqu l-għanijiet tagħna tal-enerġija għall-2020 kif qegħdin attwalment. Il-Pjanijiet Direzzjonali tal-2050 dwar l-ekonomija u l-enerġija b’livell baxx ta’ karbonju se jipprovdu iktar informazzjoni u se jiggwidaw dan il-programm ta’ azzjoni u l-implimentazzjoni tiegħu billi joffru viżjoni fit-tul.

We urgently need far-reaching changes in energy production, use and supply.

Għandna bżonn urġenti ta’ bidliet radikali fil-produzzjoni, l-użu u l-provvista tal-enerġija.

First and foremost, the strategy underlines the need to rebalance energy actions in favour of a demand-driven policy, empowering consumers and decoupling economic growth from energy use. In particular, the transport and construction industries must pursue an active energy savings policy and diversify towards non-polluting energy sources. Beyond the Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS), the strategy should help create market conditions which stimulate higher energy savings and more low carbon investments, to exploit a wide range of centralised and distributed renewable energy as well as key technologies for energy storage and electro-mobility (notably electric vehicles and public transport).

L-ewwel u qabel kollox, l-istrateġija tenfasizza l-ħtieġa li l-azzjonijiet relatati mal-enerġija jingħataw orjentament ġdid favur politika rregolata mid-domanda, billi tingħata s-saħħa lill-konsumaturi u t-tkabbir ekonomiku jinfired mill-użu tal-enerġija. B’mod partikolari, l-industriji tat-trasport u l-kostruzzjoni għandhom jimxu fuq politika attiva ta’ ffrankar tal-enerġija u jiddiversifikaw lejn sorsi tal-enerġija li ma jniġġsux. Minbarra l-Iskema tan-Negozjar tal-Kwoti tal-Emissjonijiet (ETS - Emissions Trading Scheme), l-istrateġija għandha tgħin biex jinħolqu kundizzjonijiet tas-suq li jistimulaw iktar iffrankar tal-enerġija u iktar investimenti li jagħmlu użu minn livell baxx ta’ karbonju, biex jiġu sfruttati firxa wiesgħa ta’ enerġija rinnovabbli ċentralizzata u distribwita kif ukoll teknoloġiji ewlenin għall-ħżin tal-enerġija u l-elettromobbiltà (speċjalment il-vetturi elettriċi u t-trasport pubbliku).

Energy policy is a key contribution for achieving the objective of the new strategy for smart, sustainable and inclusive growth in support of a strong, diversified and competitive industrial base. In this context, Europe has to acknowledge that its industrial base is in need of all sectors across the entire value chain.

Il-politika dwar l-enerġija tikkostitwixxi kontribut importanti għall-ksib tal-għan tal-istrateġija l-ġdida ta' tkabbir intelliġenti, sostenibbli u inklussiv b'appoġġ għal bażi industrijali b'saħħitha, diversifikata u kompetittiva. F'dan il-kuntest, l-Ewropa għandha tirrikonoxxi li l-bażi industrijali tagħha teħtieġ is-setturi kollha fil-katina sħiħa tal-valur.

Public authorities have to lead by example. Each year, 16% of EU GDP, around € 1,500 billion, is spent by public authorities. Public procurement rules should insist on efficiency conditions to increase energy savings and spread innovative solutions, notably in buildings and transport. The potential of market-based and other policy instruments, including taxation, to enhance energy efficiency should be fully exploited.

L-awtoritajiet pubbliċi għandhom imexx bl-eżempju tagħhom. Kull sena, 16 % tal-PGD tal-UE, jiġifieri madwar EUR 1 500 biljun, jintefqu mill-awtoritajiet pubbliċi. Ir-regolamenti dwar l-akkwist pubbliku għandhom jagħmlu enfasi fuq il-kundizzjonijiet relatati mal-effiċjenza għaż-żieda fl-iffrankar tal-enerġija u għat-tixrid ta' soluzzjonijiet innovattivi, speċjalment fil-bini u t-trasport. Sabiex tiżdied l-effiċjenza fl-enerġija għandu jiġi sfruttat kompletament il-potenzjal ta’ strumenti ta’ politika bbażati fuq is-suq u strumenti ta’ politika oħrajn, inkluża t-tassazzjoni.

On the supply side, the priority must continue to be the development of secure and competitive sources of energy. In the field of electricity generation, investments should lead to nearly two thirds of the electricity coming from low carbon sources by the early 2020's, the current level being 45%. In this context, priority should be given to renewable energies. The strategy must provide a framework at EU level which, while respecting national differences, would not only allow Member States to outperform their respective targets, but also ensure that the renewable energy sources and technologies are economically competitive by 2020.

Min-naħa tal-provvista, il-prijorità għandha tibqa’ l-iżvilupp ta’ sorsi tal-enerġija kompetittivi li joffru sigurtà. Fil-qasam tal-ġenerazzjoni tal-elettriku, l-investimenti għandhom iwasslu biex fis-snin bikrin tal-2020 kważi żewġ terzi tal-elettriku jkun ġej minn sorsi b’livell baxx ta’ karbonju, filwaqt li l-livell attwali huwa 45 %. F’dan il-kuntest, għandha tingħata prijorità lil sorsi tal-enerġija rinnovabbli. L-istrateġija għandha tipprovdi qafas fil-livell tal-UE li filwaqt li jirrispetta d-differenzi nazzjonali, mhux biss jippermetti lill-Istati Membri jaqbżu l-miri rispettivi tagħhom, iżda wkoll jiżgura li sal-2020 is-sorsi u t-teknoloġiji tal-enerġija rinnovabbli jsiru ekonomikament kompetittivi.

The contribution of nuclear energy, which currently generates around one third of EU electricity and two thirds of its carbon-free electricity, must be assessed openly and objectively. The full provisions of the Euratom Treaty must be applied rigorously, in particular in terms of safety. Given the renewed interest in this form of generation in Europe and worldwide, research must be pursued on radioactive waste management technologies and their safe implementation, as well as preparing the longer term future through development of next generation fission systems, for increased sustainability and cogeneration of heat and electricity, and nuclear fusion (ITER).

Il-kontribut tal-enerġija nukleari, li attwalment tiġġenera madwar terz tal-elettriku tal-UE u żewġ terzi tal-elettriku mingħajr karbonju tagħha għandu jiġi vvalutat bil-miftuħ u oġġettivament. Id-dispożizzjonijiet kollha tat-Trattat Euratom għandhom jiġu applikati b’mod rigoruż, b'mod partikolari fir-rigward tas-sikurezza. Minħabba l-interess li reġa’ qam f’din il-forma ta’ ġenerazzjoni fl-Ewropa u fid-dinja, għandha tingħata spinta lir-riċerka dwar it-teknoloġiji tal-ġestjoni tal-iskart radjuattiv u l-implimentazzjoni sikura tagħhom, u għandha issir ukoll tħejjija għall-ġejjieni fit-tul permezz tal-iżvilupp ta’ sistemi ta’ fissjoni tal-ġenerazzjoni li jmiss, u dan sabiex jiżdiedu s-sostenibbiltà u l-koġenerazzjoni tas-sħana u l-elettriku, u l-fużjoni nukleari (ITER).

For oil and gas, rising import requirements and increasing demand from emerging and developing countries call for stronger mechanisms to secure new, diversified and safe supply routes. As well as crude oil access, refining infrastructure is a crucial part of the supply chain. The EU is a strong geopolitical partner in energy markets and must have the ability to act accordingly.

Għaż-żejt u l-gass, iż-żieda tar-rekwiżiti tal-importazzjoni u d-domanda li qed tiżdied minn pajjiżi emerġenti u li qed jiżviluppaw jirrikjedu mekkaniżmi iktar b’saħħithom biex jiżguraw rotot tal-provvista ġodda, diversifikati u sikuri. Minbarra l-aċċess għaż-żejt mhux raffinat, l-infrastruttura tar-raffinar hija ħolqa kruċjali fil-katina tal-provvista. L-UE hija msieħba ġeopolitika b’saħħitha fis-swieq tal-enerġija u għandu jkollha l-kapaċità li taġixxi skont dan.

The new energy strategy focuses on five priorities:

L-istrateġija l-ġdida relatata mal-enerġija tiffoka fuq ħames prijoritajiet:

1. Achieving an energy efficient Europe;

1. Il-kisba ta’ Ewropa effiċjenti fl-enerġija;

2. Building a truly pan-European integrated energy market;

2. Il-bini ta’ suq tal-enerġija pan-Ewropew verament integrat;

3. Empowering consumers and achieving the highest level of safety and security;

3. Il-parteċipazzjoni msaħħa tal-konsumaturi u l-ilħiq tal-ogħla livell ta’ sikurezza u sigurtà;

4. Extending Europe's leadership in energy technology and innovation;

4. L-estensjoni tal-pożizzjoni fuq quddiem nett tal-Ewropa fir-rigward tat-teknoloġija u l-innovazzjoni tal-enerġija;

5. Strengthening the external dimension of the EU energy market.

5. It-tisħiħ tad-dimensjoni esterna tas-suq tal-enerġija tal-UE.

1. AN EFFICIENT USE OF ENERGY THAT TRANSLATES INTO 20% SAVINGS BY 2020

1. UżU EFFIċJENTI TAL-ENERġIJA LI JSARRAF F'IFFRANKAR TA' 20 % SAL-2020

Europe cannot afford to waste energy. Energy efficiency is one of the central objectives for 2020 as well as a key factor in achieving our long-term energy and climate goals. The EU needs to develop a new energy efficiency strategy which will enable all Member States to further decouple their energy use from economic growth. This strategy will take into account the diversity between Member States in terms of energy needs. Energy efficiency is the most cost effective way to reduce emissions, improve energy security and competitiveness, make energy consumption more affordable for consumers as well as create employment, including in export industries. Above all, it provides tangible benefits to citizens: average energy savings for a household can amount to € 1 000 per year[12].

L-Ewropa ma taffordjax taħli l-enerġija. L-effiċjenza fl-enerġija hija wieħed mill-għanijiet ewlenin għall-2020 u hija wkoll fattur ewlieni fl-ilħuq tal-miri fit-tul tagħna tal-enerġija u l-klima. L-UE teħtieġ tiżviluppa strateġija ġdida tal-effiċjenza fl-enerġija li tippermetti lill-Istati Membri kollha jifirdu aktar l-użu tagħhom tal-enerġija mit-tkabbir ekonomiku. Din l-istrateġija se tqis id-diversità bejn l-Istati Membri f'termini tal-ħtiġijiet tal-enerġija. L-effiċjenza fl-enerġija hija wieħed mill-metodi l-iktar effikaċi f’termini ta’ nfiq biex jonqsu l-emissjonijiet u jitjiebu s-sigurtà u l-kompetittività tal-enerġija, biex il-konsum tal-enerġija jsir iktar adattat għall-but tal-konsumaturi kif ukoll biex jinħolqu l-impjiegi, inkluż fl-industriji tal-esportazzjoni. Fuq kollox, din tipprovdi benefiċċji tanġibbli għaċ-ċittadini: il-medja ta’ ffrankar tal-enerġija għal kull familja tista’ tammonta għal EUR 1 000 fis-sena[12].

It is necessary to address the paradox whereby demand for more energy-intensive or new products outstrips gains in energy efficiency. It is high time that we move from words to actions. Thus, energy efficiency needs to be mainstreamed into all relevant policy areas, including education and training, to change current behavioural patterns. Energy efficiency criteria must be imposed in all spheres, including the allocation of public funds.

Jeħtieġ li jiġi indirizzat il-paradoss li d-domanda għal aktar prodotti li jagħmlu użu intensiv ta’ enerġija jew għal prodotti ġodda teċċedi l-gwadann fl-effiċjenza tal-enerġija. Wasal tassew iż-żmien li mill-kliem ngħaddu għall-fatti. Għaldaqstant, jeħtieġ li l-effiċjenza fl-enerġija tiġi integrata fl-oqsma kollha rilevanti tal-politika, inkluż dak tal-edukazzjoni u t-taħriġ, biex jinbidlu x-xejriet tad-drawwiet attwali. Il-kriterji tal-effiċjenza fl-enerġija għandhom jiġu imponuti fl-oqsma kollha, inkluż fl-allokazzjoni tal-fondi pubbliċi.

Efforts should be concentrated on the whole energy chain, from energy production, via transmission and distribution, to final consumption. Effective compliance monitoring, adequate market surveillance, widespread usage of energy services and audits, as well as material efficiency and recycling are all musts.

L-isforzi għandhom ikunu kkonċentrati fuq il-katina kollha tal-enerġija, mill-produzzjoni tal-enerġija, għat-trasmissjoni u d-distribuzzjoni, sal-konsum finali. Il-monitoraġġ effettiv tal-konformità, is-sorveljanza xierqa tas-suq, l-użu mifrux tas-servizzi tal-enerġija u tal-verifiki kif ukoll l-effiċjenza u r-riċiklaġġ tal-materjali lkoll huma indispensabbli.

We are a long way from achieving the 20% energy savings objective. The new strategy therefore calls for reinforced political commitment to achieving it through a clear definition of the objective to be reached and strong compliance monitoring. Member States and regional and local authorities are called to intensify their work to implement adequate policies and to make full use of the available tools, objectives and indicators, with comprehensive National Energy Efficiency Action Plans.

Ninsabu 'l bogħod ħafna mill-ksib tal-għan ta' ffrankar fl-enerġija ta' 20 %. Għaldaqstant l-istrateġija l-ġdida titlob impenn politiku rinfurzat sabiex dan jinkiseb bis-saħħa ta' definizzjoni ċara tal-għan li għandu jintlaħaq u ta' monitoraġġ qawwi tal-konformità. L-Istati Membri u l-awtoritajiet reġjonali u lokali huma msejħa jintensifikaw il-ħidma tagħhom biex jimplimentaw politiki adegwati u biex jagħmlu użu sħiħ mill-għodod disponibbli, mill-għanijiet u l-indikaturi, bi Pjanijiet ta’ Azzjoni Nazzjonali komprensivi dwar l-Effiċjenza fl-Enerġija.

Special attention should be given to the sectors with the largest potential to make energy efficiency gains, namely the existing building stock and transport sector. Member States have agreed to legally binding climate targets for these and other non-ETS sectors but still need to implement appropriate measures[13]. The revision of the energy taxation directive could provide steering effects with the potential of long-term efficiency gains. Measures need to be developed to speed up significantly the rate of refurbishment using energy-efficient products and technologies. In the residential sector, the issue of divided incentives between owners and tenants needs to be addressed. Regarding the substantial stock of public buildings, the authorities need to exploit all available opportunities, including those offered by EU Regional Policy, to improve the energy efficiency and autonomy of the buildings. In the transport sector, significant potentials for example in multimodal solutions, efficient vehicles and efficient driving should be tapped.

Għandha tingħata attenzjoni speċjali lis-setturi li l-iktar għandhom potenzjal li jżidu l-effiċjenza fl-enerġija, jiġifieri l-istokk eżistenti tal-binjiet u s-settur tat-trasport. L-Istati Membri għandhom jaqblu dwar miri vinkolanti relatati mal-klima għal dawn is-setturi u għal oħrajn li mhumiex fl-ETS iżda għad iridu jimplimentaw miżuri xierqa[13]. Ir-reviżjoni tad-Direttiva dwar it-tassazzjoni tal-enerġija għandha mnejn tipprovdi effetti direzzjonali bil-potenzjal ta' titjib fl-effiċjenza fuq perjodu ta' żmien twil. Għandhom jiġu żviluppati miżuri biex iżidu b’mod sinifikanti r-rata tal-arranġament mill-ġdid permezz ta’ prodotti u teknoloġiji effiċjenti fl-enerġija. Fis-settur residenzjali, il-kwistjoni tat-tqassim tal-inċentivi bejn is-sidien u l-inkwilini jeħtieġ li tiġi indirizzata. Fir-rigward tal-għadd sostanzjali ta’ binjiet pubbliċi, l-awtoritajiet għandhom jisfruttaw l-opportunitajiet kollha disponibbli, inklużi dawk offruti mill-Politika Reġjonali tal-UE, biex itejbu l-effiċjenza u l-awtonomija tal-bini fir-rigward tal-enerġija. Fis-settur tat-trasport, għandhom jiġu sfruttati l-potenzjali sinifikanti pereżempju fis-soluzzjonijiet multimodali, fil-vetturi effiċjenti u fis-sewqan effiċjenti.

The information and communication technologies have an important role to play in improving the efficiency of major emitting sectors. These technologies offer potential for a structural shift to less resource-intensive products and services, for energy savings in buildings and electricity networks as well as for more efficient and less energy consuming intelligent transport systems[14].

It-teknoloġiji tal-informazzjonui u tal-komunikazzjoni għandhom rwol importanti fit-titjib tal-effiċjenza tas-setturi kbar li jarmu l-emissjonijiet. Dawn it-teknoloġiji joffru l-potenzjal għal bidla strutturali għal prodotti u servizzi anqas intensivi fir-riżors, għall-iffrankar tal-enerġija fil-bini u fin-netwerks tal-elettriku kif ukoll għal sistemi tat-trasport intelliġenti aktar effiċjenti u li jikkunsmaw anqas enerġija[14].

The industry sector needs to incorporate energy-efficiency objectives and energy technology innovation into its business model. The ETS contributes significantly to do so for larger companies, but there is need for a wider use of other instruments, including energy audits and energy management systems in smaller companies and supporting mechanisms for SMEs. Efficiency benchmarking can give indication to companies where they stand in efficiency terms in comparison with their competitors. Efficiency, including in electricity use, must become a profitable business in itself, leading to a robust internal market for energy-saving techniques and practices and commercial opportunities internationally. A framework for wide resource efficiency would increase such savings.

Is-settur tal-industrija għandu jinkorpora għanijiet ta’ effiċjenza fl-enerġija u innovazzjoni fit-teknoloġija tal-enerġija fil-mudell tiegħu tan-negozju. L-ETS tikkontribwixxi b’mod sinifikanti biex tagħmel dan għal kumpaniji kbar, iżda hemm il-ħtieġa ta’ użu iktar mifrux ta’ strumenti oħrajn, inklużi verifiki tal-enerġija u sistemi tal-ġestjoni tal-enerġija f’kumpaniji żgħar u mekkaniżmi ta’ appoġġ għall-SMEs. L-istabbiliment ta’ kriterji effiċjenti jista’ jagħti indikazzjoni lill-kumpaniji dwar il-pożizzjoni tagħhom f’termini ta’ effiċjenza meta mqabbla mal-kompetituri tagħhom. L-effiċjenza, inkluż fl-użu tal-elettriku, għandha ssir negozju li jħalli l-profitti minnu nnifsu, li jwassal għal suq intern kbir u b'saħħtu ta’ tekniki u prattiki ta’ ffrankar tal-enerġija u ta’ opportunitajiet kummerċjali fil-livell internazzjonali. Qafas għal effiċjenza fir-riżorsi fuq firxa wiesgħa għandu jżid it-tali ffrankar.

The public sector needs to lead by example. Ambitious objectives ought to be set for public sector consumption. Public procurement should support energy efficient outcomes. Innovative integrated energy solutions at local level contributing towards transition to so-called ‘smart cities’ should be supported. Municipalities represent a major actor of the required change, thus their initiatives like the Covenant of Mayors should be further strengthened. Cities and urban areas, which consume up to 80% of the energy, are at the same time part of the problem and part of the solution to greater energy efficiency.

Is-settur pubbliku għandu jkun ta’ eżempju. Għandhom jiġu stabbiliti għanijiet ambizzjużi għall-konsum fis-settur pubbliku. L-akkwist pubbliku għandu jappoġġja r-riżultati tal-effiċjenza fl-enerġija. Soluzzjonijiet innovattivi u integrati tal-enerġija fil-livell lokali li jikkontribwixxu għat-tranżizzjoni lejn l-hekk imsejħa bliet intelliġenti [“smart cities”] għandhom jiġu appoġġjati. Il-muniċipalitajiet jikkostitwixxu attur ewlieni fil-bidla meħtieġa, u minħabba dan l-inizjattivi tagħhom bħall-Patt tas-Sindki għandhom jissaħħu aktar. L-i-liet u ż-żoni urbani, li jikkunsmaw sa 80 % tal-enerġija, huma simultanjament parti mill-problema u parti mis-soluzzjoni għal iktar effiċjenza fl-enerġija.

Resource-efficiency policies, including energy-efficiency investments, often have short-term, up-front costs before the medium- and longer-term benefits are felt. Tools are needed to encourage new investments in energy-efficient technologies and practices. EU financing can have a high leverage factor and innovative solutions must be developed. Innovative and carefully considered[15] uses of taxation and pricing should also be explored as tools to encourage behavioural changes or to fund investments.

Poltiki ta’ effiċjenza fir-riżorsi, inklużi investimenti ta’ effiċjenza fl-enerġija, ħafna drabi jkollhom spejjeż kapitali inizjali u immedjati qabel ma jinħassu l-benefiċċji fiż-żmien medju u fit-tul. Hemm bżonn ta’ għodda li jinkoraġġixxu investimenti ġodda f’teknoloġiji u prattiki effiċjenti fl-enerġija. Il-finanzjament mill-UE jista’ jkun fattur kontributur kbir u għandhom jiġu żviluppati soluzzjonijiet innovattivi. Għandhom jiġu esplorati wkoll u meqjusa b'attenzjoni[15]użi innovattivi ta’ tassazzjoni u ta' pprezzar bħala għodod li jħeġġu bidliet fl-imġiba jew li jiffininzjaw investimenti.

The Energy Efficiency Plan to be presented in early 2011 will be followed by concrete regulatory proposals in the course of that year. It will also address the issue of financing in terms of access to finance, the availability of innovative financing products, incentives to induce energy-efficiency investments as well as the role of EU funding, in particular the structural funds, further building on existing successful examples.

Il-Pjan tal-Effiċjenza fl-Enerġija li għandu jiġi ppreżentat fil-bidu tal-2011 se jkun segwit minn proposti regolatorji konkreti matul l-istess sena. Huwa se jindirizza wkoll il-kwistjoni tal-finanzjament f’termini ta’ aċċess għall-finanzi, id-disponibbiltà ta’ prodotti ta’ finanzjament innovattivi, inċentivi li jistimolaw investimenti effiċjenti fl-enerġija kif ukoll ir-rwol tal-finanzjament mill-UE, b’mod partikolari l-fondi strutturali, u dan ikompli jibni fuq l-eżempji eżistenti ta’ suċċess.

Priority 1: Achieving an energy-efficient Europe Action 1: Tapping into the biggest energy-saving potential — buildings and transport The energy-efficiency renovation rate should be accelerated by investment incentives, wider use of energy service companies, innovative financial instruments with high leverage factors and financial engineering at European, national and local levels. In this context, division of investment incentives between owners and tenants and energy labelling of buildings (certificates used in the real estate market and public support policies) will be addressed in forthcoming proposals by the Commission. Public authorities need to lead by example. Energy criteria (regarding efficiency, renewables and smart networking) should be used in all public procurement of works, services or products. Programmes and technical assistance facilities are needed that build the capacities of energy services market participants to develop and structure finance for projects that target both public authorities and private actors. EU financial programmes will target energy savings projects and make energy efficiency a strong condition for allocating financial support. The forthcoming White Paper on future transport policy will present a menu of measures to improve transport sustainability and reduce oil dependence. This will include initiatives aimed at increasing the energy efficiency of the transport system, including support for clean urban mobility as well as multimodal transport solutions, intelligent traffic management and energy efficiency-standards for all vehicles, adequate economic signals and the promotion of sustainable behaviour. In this context, more efficient car-labelling systems should be explored. Action 2: Reinforcing industrial competitiveness by making industry more efficient The Commission will seek to support European industries' competitiveness through energy efficiency by widening the Ecodesign requirements for energy and resource-intensive products complemented by system level requirements where relevant. The potential effect of voluntary agreements with energy and resource-intensive industry branches should be explored. More extensive energy labelling should be introduced to ensure more comprehensive comparison between products. Energy-management schemes (e.g. audits, plans, energy managers) should be implemented in industry and in the services sector. A particular emphasis on SMEs through dedicated support mechanisms should be established. Action 3: Reinforcing efficiency in energy supply Energy efficiency, in the production as well as in the distribution, should become an essential criterion for the authorisation of generation capacities and efforts are needed to substantially increase the uptake of high efficiency cogeneration, district heating and cooling. Distribution and supply companies (retailers) should be required to secure documented energy savings among their customers, using means such as third party energy services, dedicated instruments such as ‘white certificates’, public benefit charges or equivalent and speeding up the introduction of innovative tools such as ‘smart meters’ which should be consumer-oriented and user-friendly so that they provide real benefits for consumers. Action 4: Making the most of National Energy Efficiency Action Plans The National Energy Efficiency Action Plans provide comprehensive benchmarking on energy efficiency, including measurable objectives and indicators to monitor progress, taking into account the relative starting positions and national circumstances. An annual review mechanism should feed into the Europe 2020 objective for energy efficiency. |

Prijorità 1: Il-kisba ta’ Ewropa effiċjenti fl-enerġija Azzjoni 1: L-isfruttar tal-ikbar potenzjal ta’ ffrankar tal-enerġija — il-bini u t-trasport Ir-rata tar-rinnovazzjoni tal-effiċjenza fl-enerġija għandha tiġi aċċellerata b’inċentivi għal investimenti, bl-użu aktar mifrux ta' kumpaniji tas-servizzi tal-enerġija, bi strumenti finanzjarji innovattivi b’fatturi għolja li jżidu l-gwadann potenzjali u b'inġinerija finanzjarja fil-livell Ewropew, fil-livell nazzjonali u f’dak lokali. F’dan il-kuntest, it-tqassim tal-inċentivi għall-investimenti bejn is-sidien u l-inkwilini u t-tikkettar tal-enerġija għall-bini (ċertifikati għall-użu fis-suq tal-proprjetà immobbli u fil-politiki ta’ għajnuna pubblika) se jiġu indirizzati fil-proposti li se jitressqu mill-Kummissjoni. L-awtoritajiet pubbliċi għandhom ikunu ta’ eżempju. Il-kriterji relatati mal-enerġija (fir-rigward tal-effiċjenza, l-enerġija rinnovabbli u n-netwerking intelliġenti) għandhom jiġi użati fl-akkwisti pubbliċi kollha marbuta ma’ xogħlijiet, servizzi jew prodotti. Programmi u faċilitajiet ta’ għajnuna teknika għall-bini tal-kapaċitajiet tal-parteċipanti fis-suq tas-servizzi tal-enerġija huma meħtieġa biex jiġu żviluppati u strutturati l-finanzi għal proġetti mmirati kemm għal awtoritajiet pubbliċi kif ukoll għal atturi privati. Il-programmi finanzjarji tal-UE se jkunu mmirati għal proġetti ta’ ffrankar tal-enerġija u se jagħmlu l-effiċjenza fl-enerġija kundizzjoni importanti għall-allokazzjoni tal-appoġġ finanzjarju. Il-White Paper li jmiss dwar il-politika tat-trasport tal-ġejjieni se tippreżenta sett ta’ miżuri għat-titjib fis-sostenibbiltà tat-trasport u biex tonqos id-dipendenza fuq iż-żejt. Dawn se jinkludu inizjattivi mmirati biex tiżdied l-effiċjenza tal-enerġija tas-sistema tat-trasport, inkluż l-appoġġ għal mobbiltà urbana nadifa kif ukoll soluzzjonijiet tat-trasport multimodali, il-ġestjoni intelliġenti tat-traffiku u standards ta’ effiċjenza fl-enerġija għall-vetturi kollha, indikaturi ekonomiċi adegwati u l-promozzjoni tal-imġiba sostenibbli. F'dan il-kuntest għandhom ikunu esplorati s-sistemi tat-tikkettar għal karozzi effiċjenti. Azzjoni 2: It-tisħiħ tal-kompetittività industrijali billi l-industrija ssir iktar effiċjenti Il-Kummissjoni għandha l-intenzjoni li tappoġġja l-kompetittività tal-industriji Ewropej permezz tal-effiċjenza fl-enerġija billi jitwessa’ l-ambitu tar-rekwiżiti tal-Ekodisinn għall-prodotti b’użu intensiv ta’ enerġija u riżorsi flimkien ma’ rekwiżiti fil-livell tas-sistema fejn ikun rilevanti. L-effett potenzjali tal-ftehimiet volontarji ma’ fergħat tal-industrija b’użu intensiv ta’ enerġija u riżorsi għandu jiġi esplorat. Għandu jiġi introdott tikkettar tal-enerġija iktar estensiv biex ikun żgurat tqabbil iktar komprensiv bejn il-prodotti. Għandhom jiġu implimentati skemi tal-ġestjoni tal-enerġija (pereżempju verifiki, pjanijiet, maniġers tal-enerġija) fl-industrija u fis-settur tas-servizzi. Għandha ssir enfasi partikolari fuq l-SMEs permezz ta’ mekkaniżmi speċifiċi ta’ appoġġ. Azzjoni 3: It-tisħiħ tal-effiċjenza fil-provvista tal-enerġija L-effiċjenza fl-enerġija, kemm fil-produzzjoni kif ukoll fid-distribuzzjoni, għandha ssir kriterju essenzjali għall-awtorizzazzjoni tal-kapaċitajiet tal-ġenerazzjoni, u jinħtieġu sforzi biex tiżdied sostanzjalment l-adozzjoni tal-koġenerazzjoni u tat-tisħin u t-tkessiħ distrettwali li għandhom livell ta’ effiċjenza għoli. Il-kumpaniji tad-distribuzzjoni u l-provvista (is-servizzi tal-konsumaturi) għandhom jiġu obbligati jiksbu l-ffrankar tal-enerġija ddokumentat minn fost il-klijenti tagħhom, bl-użu ta’ mezzi bħal servizzi tal-enerġija ta' partijiet terzi, strumenti għal t'apposta bħal “ċertifikati bojod” [ċertifikati ta’ ffrankar tal-enerġija], ħlasijiet ta’ benefiċċju pubbliku jew l-ekwivalenti tagħhom u billi tiġi aċċellerata l-introduzzjoni ta’ għodod innovattivi bħal “miters intelliġenti” li għandhom ikunu orjentati għall-konsumaturi u li huma faċli biex jintużaw biex b’hekk jipprovdu benefiċċji reali lill-konsumaturi. Azzjoni 4: L-isfruttar massimu tal-Pjanijiet ta’ Azzjoni Nazzjonali dwar l-Effiċjenza fl-Enerġija Il-Pjanijiet ta’ Azzjoni Nazzjonali dwar l-Effiċjenza fl-Enerġija jipprovdu kriterji komprensivi għall-effiċjenza fl-enerġija, inklużi għanijiet u indikaturi li jistgħu jitkejlu għall-monitoraġġ tal-progress, li jieħdu inkunsiderazzjoni l-pożizzjonijiet inizjali relattivi u ċ-ċirkostanzi nazzjonali. Mekkaniżmu ta’ reviżjoni annwali għandu jikkontribwixxi għall-għan tal-effiċjenza fl-enerġija tal-Ewropa 2020. |

- 2. ENSURING THE FREE MOVEMENT OF ENERGY

- 2. L-IżGURAR TAL-MOVIMENT LIBERU TAL-ENERġIJA

Europe’s energy markets have been opened up to enable citizens to benefit from more reliable, competitive prices as well as more sustainable energy. This potential will not be fully realised unless robust efforts are made to create a more integrated, interconnected and competitive market.

Is-swieq tal-enerġija tal-Ewropa nfetħu biex jippermettu liċ-ċittadini jibbenefikaw minn prezzijiet iktar affidabbli u kompetittivi kif ukoll minn enerġija iktar sostenibbli. Dan il-potenzjal ma jistax jiġi sfruttat bis-sħiħ jekk ma jsirux sforzi qawwija biex jinħoloq suq iktar integrat, interkonness u kompetittiv.

Electricity and gas markets are not yet working as a single market. The market is still largely fragmented into national markets with numerous barriers to open and fair competition. Most energy markets remain national in scope and are highly concentrated, often with incumbent companies having a de facto monopoly position. Regulated energy prices further reduce competition in many Member States[16]. Given the remaining anti-competitive practice in the energy sector[17], pro-active competition enforcement, not only by the Commission, but also by Member States, is needed. Improving competition in the energy markets will contribute to setting the right incentives for the investments required and reducing their cost to what is necessary.

Is-swieq tal-elettriku u l-gass għadhom mhumiex qed jiffunzjonaw bħala suq wieħed. Is-suq għadu globalment frammentat fi swieq nazzjonali b’diversi ostakli għall-kompetizzjoni miftuħa u ġusta. Ħafna mis-swieq tal-enerġija għad għandhom ambitu nazzjonali u huma kkonċentrati ħafna, u ħafna drabi b’kumpaniji stabbiliti li jkollhom pożizzjoni ta’ monopolju de facto . Prezzijiet tal-enerġija rregolati jkomplu jnaqqsu l-kompetizzjoni f’ħafna Stati Membri[16]. Minħabba l-prattika antikompetittiva li fadal fis-settur tal-enerġija[17], hemm bżonn ta’ infurzar proattiv tal-kompetizzjoni, mhux biss min-naħa tal-Kummissjoni iżda anke min-naħa tal-Istati Membri. It-titjib tal-kompetizzjoni fis-swieq tal-enerġija għandu jikkontribwixxi għall-istabbiliment tal-inċentivi adegwati għall-investimenti meħtieġa u biex il-kost tagħhom jitnaqqas għal dak li hu neċessarju.

By introducing a legislative framework designed to promote the achievement of the 20% target for renewable energy in 2020, Europe has just taken the first step in this area. It is necessary to ensure that the legislation is fully implemented and to pave the way for large scale use of renewable energy in the decades beyond 2020. The legal framework must be properly enforced to give investors the confidence to invest in new production, transport and storage options for renewable sources. The effects of the Renewable Energy Directive will be assessed as from 2011 with a view to strengthening or extending it where and when needed.

Bl-introduzzjoni ta’ qafas leġiżlattiv maħsub biex jippromwovi l-ilħuq tal-mira ta’ 20 % għall-enerġija rinnovabbli fl-2020, l-Ewropa għamlet biss l-ewwel pass f’dan il-qasam. Jeħtieġ li jiġi żgurat li l-leġiżlazzjoni tiġi implimentata bis-sħiħ u li titħejja t-triq għal użu fuq skala kbira tal-enerġija rinnovabbli fis-snin wara l-2020. Il-qafas legali għandu jiġi infurzat b’mod xieraq biex jagħti fiduċja lill-investituri biex jinvestu f’possibbiltajiet ġodda ta’ produzzjoni, transport u ħżin tas-sorsi rinnovabbli. Mill-2011 l-effetti tad-Direttiva dwar l-Enerġija Rinnovabbli se jiġu vvalutati bil-għan li din tissaħħaħ jew tiġi estiża fejn u meta jkun meħtieġ.

The further development of renewable energy will continue to rely for some time on support schemes. The Commission must play its part in ensuring that these are sustainable, consistent with technological progress and not hindering innovation or competition. It must however also ensure the required degree of convergence or harmonization between national schemes as the market for renewables is moving from a local to a cross-border supply. In this context, the necessary requirements for a pan-European trade in renewable energy should be defined on the basis of best practice. Greater use of balanced, cost-effective and predictable feed-in premiums, more technology-specific support and financing instruments should be mobilized in accordance with state aid rules when applicable. In particular, retroactive changes to support schemes should be avoided given the negative effect such changes have on investors' confidence.

L-iżvilupp ulterjuri tal-enerġija rinnovabbli se jkompli jiddependi għal xi żmien fuq skemi ta’ appoġġ. Il-Kummissjoni għandha twettaq ir-rwol tagħha billi tiżgura li dawn ikunu sostenibbli, konsistenti mal-progress teknoloġiku u li ma jxekklux l-innovazzjoni u l-kompetizzjoni. Madankollu hija għandha tiżgura wkoll il-livell ta' konverġenza jew armonizzazzjoni meħtieġa bejn l-iskemi nazzjonali billi s-suq tal-enerġija rinnovabbli qed jgħaddi minn provvista lokali għal provvista transkonfinali. F’dan il-kuntest, għandhom jiġu definiti r-rekwiżiti neċessarji għal kummerċ pan-Ewropew tal-enerġija rinnovabbli, fuq il-bażi tal-aħjar prassi. Għandu jkun hemm aktar użu ta’ primjums “feed-in” ibbilanċjati, kosteffettivi u prevedibbli, filwaqt li għandhom jiġu mmobilizzati aktar appoġġ u strumenti finanzjarji speċifiċi għat-teknoloġiji f’konformità mar-regolamenti dwar l-għajnuna statali fejn applikabbli. B'mod partikolari, għandhom ikunu evitati bidliet retroattivi b'appoġġ għal skemi minħabba l-effett negattiv li bidliet bħal dawn għandhom fuq il-fiduċja tal-investituri.

As the Monti Report outlined, the new challenge to 2020 is to provide the backbone for electricity and gas to flow where it is needed. Without a proper infrastructure across Europe, comparable to the means of transport of other strategic sectors such as telecommunications or transport, the market will however never deliver on its promises. Further efforts need to be made to upgrade energy infrastructure particularly in Member States that joined as of 2004 as well as in less developed regions.

Kif spjegat fir-Rapport ta’ Monti, l-isfida l-ġdida għall-2020 hija li tingħata l-bażi sabiex l-elettriku u l-gass jitwasslu fejn ikunu meħtieġa. Mingħajr qafas xieraq madwar l-Ewropa kollha, li jqabbilha mal-mezzi tat-trasport ta’ setturi strateġiċi oħra bħat-telekomunikazzjonijiet jew it-trasport, is-suq qatt ma jkun jista’ jwettaq il-wegħdiet tiegħu. Jeħtieġ li jsiru aktar sforzi fl-immodernizzar tal-infrastruttura tal-enerġija, b'mod partikolari fl-Istati Membri li ssieħbu fl-2004 kif ukoll fir-reġjuni anqas żviluppati.

Most important, Europe is still lacking the grid infrastructure which will enable renewables to develop and compete on an equal footing with traditional sources. Current projects of large-scale wind parks in the North and solar facilities in the South need corresponding power lines capable of transmitting this green power to the areas of high consumption. Today’s grid will struggle to absorb the volumes of renewable power which the 2020 targets entail (33% of gross electricity generation).

Fuq kollox, l-Ewropa għad m’għandhiex infrastruttura ta’ netwerks li tippermetti li s-sorsi ta’ enerġija rinnovabbli jiżviluppaw u jikkompetu fuq l-istess livell mas-sorsi tradizzjonali. Il-proġetti attwali ta’ parks tar-riħ fuq skala kbira fit-Tramuntana u faċilitajiet tal-enerġija solari fin-Nofsinhar jirrikjedu linji tal-elettriku korrispondenti li jkunu jistgħu jwasslu din l-enerġija ekoloġika fiż-żoni b'konsum għoli. In-netwerk attwali ikollu jiġġieled biex jassorbi l-volumi ta’ enerġija rinnovabbli previsti mill-miri tal-2020 (33 % tal-ġenerazzjoni grossa tal-elettriku).

Smart meters and power grids are the keys to full exploitation of the potential for renewable energy and energy savings as well as improvements in energy services. A clear policy and common standards on smart metering and smart grids[18] are needed well before 2020 to ensure interoperability across the network.

Il-miters intellliġenti u n-netwerks tal-elettriku huma ċentrali għall-isfruttar sħiħ tal-potenzjal tal-enerġija rinnovabbli u l-iffrankar tal-enerġija kif ukoll għat-titjib tas-servizzi tal-enerġija. Hemm bżonn ta’ politika ċara u ta' standards komuni dwar il-metraġġ intelliġenti u n-netwerks intelliġenti[18] ħafna qabel l-2020 biex tkun żgurata l-interoperabbiltà fin-netwerk kollu.

Finally, the obligation of solidarity among Member States will be null and void without a sufficient internal infrastructure and interconnectors across external borders and maritime areas. As a major energy importer, the EU is directly affected by the evolution of networks in neighbouring countries. The construction of new interconnections at our borders should receive the same attention and policies as intra-EU projects. Such links are essential not only for our neighbours but to ensure the EU's stability and security of supply. There will be specific emphasis on the Southern corridor and the effective start of projects of European interest, in particular Nabucco and ITGI.

Fl-aħħar nett, l-obbligu ta' solidarjetà fost l-Istati Membri ma jiswa xejn jekk ma jkunx hemm infrastruttura interna suffiċjenti u interkonnetturi suffiċjenti fil-fruntieri esterni u ż-żoni marittimi. Bħala importatur ewlieni tal-enerġija, l-UE hija direttament affettwata mill-evoluzzjoni tan-netwerks fil-pajjiżi ġirien. Il-bini ta’ interkonnessjonijiet ġodda fil-fruntieri tagħna għandu jingħata l-istess attenzjoni u jkollu l-istess politiki bħall-proġetti intra-Ewropej. Ħoloq bħal dawn huma essenzjali mhux biss għall-ġirien tagħna iżda biex l-istabbiltà u s-sigurtà tal-provvista tal-UE jkunu żgurati. Se ssir enfasi speċifika fuq il-Kuritur tan-Nofsinhar u fuq il-bidu effettiv ta' proġetti ta' interess Ewropew, b’mod partikolari Nabucco u ITGI.

Investment of around € 1 trillion will be needed by 2020 to replace obsolete capacity, modernise and adapt infrastructures and cater for increasing and changing demand for low carbon energy. While investment decisions lie mainly with market players (energy companies, system operators and consumers), public policy is decisive in creating a stable and transparent framework for investment decisions. The new tools created by the third Internal Energy Market Package, including an Agency for the Cooperation of Energy Regulators (ACER) and the new Networks of Transmission System Operators for Electricity and Gas (ENTSO-E and ENTSO-G) should be fully utilised in the coming years for the further integration of energy markets. Regional initiatives[19] should serve as stepping stones towards a European market.

Sal-2020 jenħtieġ investiment ta’ madwar EUR 1 triljun biex tkun sostitwita l-kapaċità skaduta, biex l-infrastrutturi jiġu modernizzati u adattati u biex tkun tista’ tiġi sodisfatta d-domanda għal enerġija b’livell baxx ta’ karbonju li kulma jmur qed tikber u tinbidel. Għalkemm id-deċiżjonijiet għal investimenti jridu jittieħdu prinċipalment mill-atturi tas-suq (il-kumpaniji tal-enerġija, l-operaturi tas-sistemi u l-konsumaturi), il-politika pubblika hija deċiżiva għall-ħolqien ta' qafas stabbli u trasparenti għad-deċiżjonijiet relatati mal-investimenti. L-għodod il-ġodda li nħolqu bit-tielet Pakkett tas-Suq Intern tal-Enerġija, li jinkludu Aġenzija għall-Koperazzjoni tar-Regolaturi tal-Enerġija (ACER - Agency for the Cooperation of Energy Regulators) u n-Netwerks tal-Operaturi tas-Sistema ta’ Trażmissjoni għall-Gass u l-Elettriku (ENTSO-E u ENTSO-G - Networks of Transmission System Operators for Electricity and Gas), għandhom jiġu użati bis-sħiħ fis-snin li ġejjin għal integrazzjoni msaħħa tas-swieq tal-enerġija. L-inizjattivi reġjonali[19] għandhom ikunu l-mezzi li jwasslu għal suq Ewropew.

Infrastructure investments will continue to be financed mainly from tariffs paid by the users. However, given the scale of the investments, their nature and their strategic character, it cannot be assumed that all the necessary investments will be delivered by the market alone. The Commission will adopt a new strategy on energy infrastructure development to encourage adequate grid investments in electricity, gas, oil and other energy sectors. Provided the supply is stable, natural gas will continue to play a key role in the EU’s energy mix in the coming years and gas can gain importance as the back-up fuel for variable electricity generation. This calls for diversified imports, both pipeline gas and Liquefied Natural Gas terminals, while domestic gas networks are required to be increasingly interconnected.

L-investimenti fl-infrastruttura se jkomplu jkunu ffinanzjati l-aktar mit-tariffi mħallsa mill-utenti. Madankollu, minħabba l-iskala tal-investimenti, in-natura tagħhom u l-karattru strateġiku tagħhom, mhuwiex possibbli l-preżunzjoni li l-investimenti kollha neċessarji jitwasslu biss bis-saħħa tas-suq. Il-Kummissjoni se tadotta strateġija ġdida dwar l-iżvilupp tal-infrastruttura tal-enerġija biex tinkoraġġixxi investimenti xierqa f’netwerks fis-setturi tal-elettriku, tal-gass, taż-żejt u ta' forom oħra ta’ enerġija. Jekk il-provvista tkun stabbli, il-gass naturali se jibqa’ jkollu rwol ċentrali fit-taħlita tal-enerġija fl-UE fis-snin li ġejjin u l-gass jista’ jsir iktar importanti bħala l-fjuwil ta’ riżerva għall-ġenerazzjoni tal-elettriku varjabbli. Dan jirrikjedi importazzjonijiet diversifikati, kemm għal terminali tal-gass tal-pipeline u kemm għal tal-Gass Naturali Likwifikat (LNG - Liquefied Natural Gas), filwaqt li jeħtieġ li n-netwerks domestiċi tal-gass ikunu iktar interkonnessi.

Beyond the financing issue, complex and lengthy administrative procedures can be a major bottleneck. Existing rules and procedures for projects of European interest (e.g. serving security of supply, solidarity or renewables integration purposes) will need to be improved and streamlined significantly, while respecting the principles of public acceptance and existing environmental legislation. Communities at local, regional and national levels will engage more constructively in facilitating projects of European interest if these also bring concrete, shorter term benefits for them through, for example, privileged access to public funds.

Minbarra l-kwistjoni tal-finanzjament, il-proċeduri amministrattivi kumplessi u twal jistgħu jkunu ta' ostaklu kbir. Huma meħtieġa titjib u simplifikazzjoni sinifikanti fir-regoli u fil-proċeduri eżistenti għal proġetti ta’ interess Ewropew (pereżempju għal skopijiet ta' sigurtà ta' provvista, ta' solidarjetà jew tal-integrazzjoni tas-sorsi tal-enerġija rinnovabbli), filwaqt li jiġu rispettati l-prinċipji tal-approvazzjoni mill-pubbliku u l-leġiżlazzjoni ambjentali eżistenti. Komunitajiet fil-livelli lokali, reġjonali u nazzjonali se jimpenjaw ruħhom b'mod aktar kostruttiv fl-iffaċilitar ta' proġetti ta' interess Ewropew fil-każ li dawn jagħtuhom ukoll benefiċċji konkreti f'qasir żmien, pereżempju l-aċċess privileġġat għal fondi pubbliċi.

Priority 2: Building a pan-European integrated energy market Action 1: Timely and accurate implementation of the internal market legislation The Commission will continue to ensure correct and timely implementation of the existing internal energy market and a forceful competition policy. For further integration of the energy market, the regulatory framework needs to be consolidated (e.g. network codes), complemented by other actions such as market coupling, target model development[20] and a robust framework for traded markets through effective transparency and oversight. If these measures prove not to be sufficient or ACER's remit too narrow, further legislative measures will be envisaged. Action 2: Establishing a blueprint of the European infrastructure for 2020-2030 The Commission's forthcoming infrastructure communication will allow Europe to identify priority infrastructure to be deployed in order to have a functioning internal market, ensure integration of large-scale production of renewables and guarantee security of supply, in line with the vision for a sustainable European energy system by 2050. By 2015, no Member States should be isolated from the European internal market. Cross-border corridors will also be covered. The 10-year network development plans of ENTSO-E and ENTSO-G will be taken forward with the help of ACER, together with all other relevant stakeholders. This exercise will build on successful regional initiatives such as the one in the Baltic region and will also include an assessment of the necessary storage facilities and climate adaptation measures, including possible future needs for CO2 transportation infrastructure in the EU. The Commission's proposal also aims at preparing the grid for the inevitable changes in demand which will ensue from energy and transport policies, such as electro mobility and an increase in decentralised as well as large scale renewable power generation. A set of policy tools will be proposed by the Commission next year to implement strategic infrastructure priorities in the next two decades. They will include a new method for defining the strategic infrastructures which will be essential for the European Union as a whole in terms of competitive energy provision, environmental sustainability and access to renewables as well as security of supply. These vital sections will be clearly identified in the overall mapping exercise and awarded a label of ‘European interest’ so that they can benefit from an improved permitting procedure and concentrated funding if necessary. Selectivity will be of the essence in this work. Network connections with third countries will be duly taken into account. ACER, ENTSO-E and ENTSO-G will be given a mandate to develop the blueprint of European electricity and gas grids on the horizon of 2020-2030. This should be followed by a longer-term vision on the basis of the energy 2050 roadmap to be presented in 2011. Action 3: Streamlining permit procedures and market rules for infrastructure developments The Commission will propose to introduce a permitting scheme applying to projects of "European interest" to improve the current process through, for example, the nomination of a single authority at national level, while respecting safety and security standards and ensuring full compliance with the EU environmental legislation. The streamlined and improved procedures will provide for more transparency and ensure open and transparent debates at local, regional and national level to enhance public trust in and acceptance of the installations. In addition, ways of positively rewarding, through enhanced access to public fund regions and Member States that constructively engage and succeed in facilitating the timely construction of projects of European interest will be explored. To establish market coupling by 2014, ACER will, within the scope of its mandate, ensure the definition and implementation of all necessary technical (harmonisation, standardisation, etc.) and regulatory issues linked to the interconnection of networks across borders; access to renewables; and the integration of new technologies. A detailed programme of action will be presented accordingly to assist the Member States in the process of rolling out smart metering/smart grids (including the issue of display of information for consumers) and encouraging new energy services. Action 4: Providing the right financing framework Acknowledging the fact that most of the infrastructure development is of a commercial nature, a methodology will be defined by the Commission to analyse the optimum balance between public and private financing (on the following principles to be applied across the Union: ‘user pays’, ‘beneficiary pays’ - in terms of cross-border cost-benefit allocation, and ‘tax payer pays’ - burden-sharing for commercially non-viable and ‘EU-wide benefit’ infrastructure). This will be defined in accordance with applicable state aid rules. For projects of ‘European interest’ which have no or poor commercial viability, innovative funding mechanisms will be proposed for maximum leverage of public support to improve the investment climate for the coverage of main risks or to speed up project implementation. The development of proper energy infrastructure is critical and urgent; it requires a broader view of new funding instruments (both public and private) as well as the mobilisation of additional resources under the next multi-annual financial framework. |

Prijorità 2: Il-bini ta’ suq tal-enerġija pan-Ewropew integrat Azzjoni 1: Implimentazzjoni f’waqtha u dettaljata tal-leġiżlazzjoni dwar is-suq intern Il-Kummissjoni se tkompli tiżgura l-implimentazzjoni korretta u f’waqtha tas-suq intern tal-enerġija eżistenti u ta' politika qawwija tal-kompetizzjoni. Biex tiżdied l-integrazzjoni tas-suq intern, jeħtieġ konsolidazzjoni fil-qafas regolatorju (pereżempju l-kodiċijiet tan-netwerks), u li dan jiġi kkomplementat b’azzjonijiet oħra bħall-akkoppjament tas-suq, l-iżvilupp tal-mudell fil-mira[20] u qafas b’saħħtu għas-swieq permezz ta’ trasparenza u sorveljanza effettivi. Fil każ li dawn il-miżuri jirriżultaw li ma jkunux biżżejjed jew li l-ambitu tal-ACER ikun limitat wisq, se jkunu previsti miżuri leġiżlattivi ulterjuri. Azzjoni 2: L-istabbiliment ta’ pjan dettaljat tal-infrastruttura Ewropea għall-2020-2030 Il-komunikazzjoni dwar l-infrastuttura li se tippreżenta l-Kummissjoni għandha tippermetti li l-Ewropa tidentifika infrastruttura prijoritarja li għandha tiġi skjerata biex ikun hemm suq intern li jiffunzjona, biex tiżgura l-integrazzjoni tal-produzzjoni fuq skala kbira ta’ enerġiji rinnovabbli u biex tiġi ggarantita s-sigurtà tal-provvista, f’konformità mal-viżjoni għal sistema Ewropea tal-enerġija sostenibbli sal-2050. Sal-2015, l-ebda Stat Membru ma għandu jkun iżolat mis-suq intern Ewropew. Il-kurituri transkonfinali wkoll se jkunu koperti. Il-pjanijiet tal-iżvilupp tan-netwerk mifruxa fuq 10 snin tal-ENTSO-E u l-ENTSO-G se jitmexxew bl-għajnuna tal-ACER, flimkien mal-partijiet interessati l-oħra kollha rilevanti. Dan l-eżerċizzju se jkompli jibni fuq inizjattivi reġjonali ta’ suċċess bħal dak fir-reġjun Baltiku u se jinkludi wkoll valutazzjoni tal-faċilitajiet tal-ħżin u tal-miżuri ta’ adattament għall-klima meħtieġa, inklużi l-ħtiġijiet potenzjali futuri għall-infrastruttura tat-trasportazzjoni tas-CO2 fl-UE. Il-proposta tal-Kummissjoni għandha wkoll fil-mira tagħha t-tħejjija tan-netwerk għall-bidliet inevitabbli fid-domanda li se jirriżultaw mill-politiki dwar l-enerġija u t-trasport, bħall-elettromobbiltà u ż-żieda fil-ġenerazzjoni tal-enerġija li tkun deċentralizzata kif ukoll rinnovabbli fuq skala kbira. Sett ta’ għodod tal-politika se jiġi propost is-sena d-dieħla mill-Kummissjoni biex jiġu implimentati prijoritajiet tal-infrastruttura strateġika għall-għoxrin sena li jmiss. Dawn se jinkludu metodu ġdid biex jiġu definiti l-infrastrutturi strateġiċi li se jkunu essenzjali għall-Unjoni Ewropea fit-totalità tagħha f’termini tal-provvista kompetittiva tal-enerġija, is-sostenibbiltà ambjentali u l-aċċess għall-enerġija rinnovabbli kif ukoll is-sigurtà tal-provvista. Dawn is-sezzjonijiet vitali se jiġu identifikati b’mod ċar fl-eżerċizzju ġenerali ta’ mmappjar u se jingħataw tikketta ta’ “interess Ewropew” biex ikunu jistgħu jibbenefikaw minn proċedura mtejba ta’ permessi u finanzjament ikkonċentrat jekk ikun hemm bżonn. Is-selettività se tkun kruċjali f’dan ix-xogħol. Il-konnessjonijiet tan-netwerks ma’ pajjiżi terzi se jiġu kkunsidrati kif dovut. L-ACER, l-ENTSO-E u l-ENTSO-G se jingħataw mandat biex jiżviluppaw il-pjan dettaljat tal-grids Ewropej tal-elettriku u tal-gass għall-perjodu 2020-2030. Dan għandu jiġi segwit minn viżjoni aktar fit-tul fuq il-bażi tal-Pjan Direzzjonali dwar l-Enerġija tal-2050 li se jiġi ppreżentat fl-2011. Azzjoni 3: Is-simplifikar tal-proċeduri tal-permessi u tar-regoli tas-suq għal żviluppi fl-infrastruttura Il-Kummissjoni se tipproponi li tintroduċi skema għall-għoti tal-permessi li tapplika għal proġetti ta’ “interess Ewropew” biex ittejjeb il-proċess attwali tal-għoti tal-permessi, billi pereżempju taħtar awtorità waħda fil-livell nazzjonali, filwaqt li tirrispetta l-istandards ta' sikurezza u ta' sigurtà u tiżgura konformità sħiħa mal-leġiżlazzjoni ambjentali tal-UE. Il-proċeduri simplifikati u mtejba għandhom jipprovdu għal iktar trasparenza u jiżguraw li jsiru dibattiti miftuħa u trasparenti fil-livell lokali, reġjonali u nazzjonali biex iżidu l-fiduċja tal-pubbliku f’dawn l-installazzjonijiet u l-aċċettazzjoni tagħhom. Barra minn hekk, se jiġu esplorati mezzi ta' ppremjar b'mod pożittiv permezz tal-aċċess imtejjeb għal fondi pubbliċi minn reġjuni u Stati Membri li b'mod kostruttiv qedgħdin jimpenjaw lilhom infushom u jirnexxielhom jiffaċilitaw l-kostruzzjoni fil-ħin ta' proġetti ta' interess Ewropew. Biex tistabbilixxi l-akkoppjament tas-suq sal-2014, l-ACER se tiżgura, fl-ambitu tal-mandat tagħha, id-definizzjoni u l-implimentazzjoni tal-kwistjonijiet kollha tekniċi (armonizzazzjoni, standardizzazzjoni, eċċ.) u regolatorji meħtieġa relatati mal-interkonnessjoni tan-netwerks bejn il-fruntieri; l-aċċess għall-enerġiji rinnovabbli; u l-integrazzjoni ta’ teknoloġiji ġodda. Se jiġi ppreżentat programm ta’ azzjoni dettaljat skont dan biex jgħin lill-Istati Membri fil-proċess tal-introduzzjoni tal-metraġġ intelliġenti/tan-netwerks intelliġenti (inkluża l-kwistjoni tal-wiri tal-informazzjoni għall-konsumaturi) u biex jiġu mħeġġa servizzi ġodda relatati mal-enerġija. Azzjoni 4: Jingħata qafas xieraq ta’ finanzjament Minħabba l-fatt li ħafna mill-iżvilupp tal-infrastruttura huwa ta’ natura kummerċjali, se tiġi definita mill-Kummissjoni metodoloġija li tanalizza l-bilanċ ottimali bejn il-finanzjament pubbliku u dak privat (fuq il-prinċipji li ġejjin u li għandhom jiġu applikati fl-Unjoni kollha: “l-utent iħallas”, “il-benefiċjarju jħallas” - f’termini ta’ allokazzjoni transkonfinali skont il-kostbenefiċċju u “min iħallas it-taxxa jħallas” - il-kondiviżjoni tal-piżijiet għall-infrastruttura kummerċjali mhux vijabbli u ta’ “benefiċċju madwar l-UE kollha”). Dan se jkun definit skont ir-regoli applikabli dwar l-għajnuna mill-Istat. Għal proġetti ta’ “interess Ewropew” mingħajr jew bi ftit vijabbiltà kummerċjali, se jiġu proposti mekkaniżmi innovattivi ta’ finanzjament biex jinkiseb l-appoġġ massimu tal-pubbliku għat-titjib fil-klima tal-investimenti għall-kopertura tar-riskji ewlenin jew biex titħaffef l-implimentazzjoni tal-proġetti. L-iżvilupp ta’ infrastruttura xierqa tal-enerġija huwa kritiku u urġenti; jirrikjedi perspettiva usa’ ta’ strumenti ġodda ta’ finanzjament (kemm pubbliċi kif ukoll privati) kif ukoll il-mobilizzazzjoni ta’ riżorsi addizzjonali fil-qafas finanzjarju multiannwali li jmiss. |

- 3. SECURE, SAFE AND AFFORDABLE ENERGY FOR CITIZENS AND BUSINESSES

- 3. ENERġIJA SIKURA, B'SIGURTÀ U BI PREZZ MODERAT GħAċ-ċITTADINI U GħAN-NEGOZJI

A well functioning, integrated internal market benefits consumers with wider choice and lower prices. Yet, many consumers do not perceive that they are better off as a result of market opening and competition among different suppliers. Individual consumers must be aware of, and exercise, their rights under EU legislation. They should be able to take advantage of the opportunities which market opening creates and feel confident that they have access to the energy services they need in the quality and emission profile they want. The opening of markets can deliver the best prices, choice, innovation and service for consumers if it goes hand in hand with measures to guarantee trust, protect consumers and to support them to play the active role expected of them by liberalisation.

Suq intern li jiffunzjona tajjeb u li jkun integrat huwa ta’ benefiċċju għall-konsumaturi billi dawn ikollhom iktar għażla bi prezzijiet iktar baxxi. Madankollu, ħafna konsumaturi ma jħossux li jinsabu f’sitwazzjoni aħjar b’riżultat tal-ftuħ tas-suq u l-kompetizzjoni fost fornituri differenti. Il-konsumaturi individwali għandhom ikunu jafu x’inhuma d-drittijiet tagħhom skont il-leġiżlazzjoni tal-UE u jeżerċitawhom. Huma għandhom ikunu jistgħu jieħdu vantaġġ mill-opportunitajiet li joħloq il-ftuħ tas-suq u jħossuhom kunfidenti li għandhom aċċess għas-servizzi tal-enerġija li għandhom bżonn bil-karatteristiċi ta’ kwalità u ta’ emissjonijiet li jixtiequ. Il-ftuħ tas-swieq jista’ jwassal l-aħjar prezzijiet, għażla, innovazzjoni u servizzi għall-konsumaturi jekk ikun ikkoordinat ma’ miżuri li jiggarantixxu l-fiduċja, jipproteġu lill-konsumaturi u jappoġġjawhom biex ikollhom ir-rwol attiv mistenni minnhom bil-liberalizzazzjoni.

However citizens appear to be unaware of their rights under EU legislation, or reluctant to exercise them. Far greater efforts are needed to inform consumers about their rights and involve them in the internal market. Likewise, the potential for reducing energy bills through energy savings needs to be better articulated. The Citizens' (London) Forum and the Sustainable Energy (Bucharest) Forum were established with a view to improving the energy situation of household consumers and ways should be explored to make them more responsive to consumers' needs.

Madankollu jidher li ċ-ċittadini ma jafux x’inhuma d-drittijiet tagħhom skont il-leġiżlazzjoni tal-UE, jew joqogħdu lura milli jeżerċitawhom. Hemm bżonn ta’ sforzi ħafna ikbar biex il-konsumaturi jiġu infurmati dwar id-drittijiet tagħhom u jkunu involuti fis-suq intern. Bl-istess mod, il-potenzjal li jitnaqqsu l-kontijiet tal-enerġija permezz tal-iffrankar fl-enerġija għandu jiġi artikolat aħjar. Il-Forum taċ-Ċittadini (Londra) u l-Forum dwar l-Enerġija Sostenibbli (Bukarest) ġew stabbiliti bil-għan li jtejbu s-sitwazzjoni relatata mal-enerġija tal-familji konsumaturi u għandhom jiġu esplorati modi biex dawn iwieġbu aħjar għall-ħtiġijiet tal-konsumaturi.

The competitive position of important sectors of the European economy also depends on the availability of secure energy at affordable prices. Energy, in particular electricity, constitutes a substantial part of the total production costs of key European industries, including large and small and medium enterprises.

Il-pożizzjoni kompetittiva ta' setturi importanti fl-ekonomija Ewropea tiddependi wkoll fuq id-disponibbiltà ta' enerġija b'sigurtà bi prezzijiet moderati. L-enerġija, b'mod partikolari l-elettriku, tikkostitwixxi parti sostanzjali mill-kostijiet totali tal-produzzjoni, ta' industriji Ewropej ewlenin, inklużi intrapriżi żgħar u ta' daqs medju u wkoll kbar.

The international market for oil supplies could become very tight before 2020, which means that it is important for EU consumers to step up their efforts to reduce oil demand. This is not happening at the moment. Consumers need to be made more aware of the necessity to reduce their consumption of fossil fuels and they need to know how they can reduce their bills at a time of rising prices. "User-friendly" smart grids, smart meters and billing can help in this respect. But consumers also need to become more pro-active. To help consumers participate in the market, measures should be put in place to raise awareness of opportunities, enhance price comparison, and facilitate the switching and improve complaint handling procedures.

Is-suq internazzjonali tal-provvisti taż-żejt għandu mnejn isir limitat ħafna qabel l-2020, u dan ifisser li huwa importanti li l-konsumaturi tal-UE jżidu l-isforzi tagħhom biex inaqqsu d-domanda għaż-żejt. Attwalment dan mhux qed isir. Il-konsumaturi għandhom jiġu mgħarrfa aħjar dwar in-neċessità li jnaqqsu l-konsum tagħhom tal-fjuwils fossili u jeħtieġ li jsiru jafu kif jistgħu jnaqqsu l-kontijiet tagħhom fi żmien meta l-prezzijiet ikunu qed jogħlew. Netwerks intelliġenti li huma faċli biex jintuzaw mill-utent, miters u fatturazzjoni intelliġenti jistgħu jkunu ta’ għajnuna f’dan ir-rigward. Iżda l-konsumaturi għandhom ukoll isiru iktar proattivi. Biex il-konsumaturi jiġu megħjuna jipparteċipaw fis-suq, għandhom jiġu stabbiliti miżuri li jżidu l-għarfien dwar opportunitajiet, itejbu t-tqabbil tal-prezzijiet u jiffaċilitaw il-bidla u jtejbu l-proċeduri tal-ipproċessar tal-ilmenti.

Providing affordable but cost-reflective and reliable supplies to consumers is mainly the task of the internal market. A functioning internal market on the basis of sufficient transmission and storage infrastructure is the best guarantee for security of supply, as energy will follow market mechanisms and flow to where it is needed. However, safety nets are necessary, in the case of vulnerable consumers for example, or at the time of a supply crisis which market mechanisms cannot sufficiently address. The internal market is also hampered when Member States are not fully interlinked, such as in the Baltic States. The Gas Security Regulation is important in that it ensures that markets are fully prepared to cope in a crisis and that domestic consumers are protected. Furthering of interconnection amongst Member States as well as active competition enforcement by the Commission and Member States can contribute to a further diversification of supply sources particularly in those Member States which currently depend on only one or few supply sources.

Il-forniment ta’ provvisti affidabbli lill-konsumaturi bi prezz tajjeb għall-buthom iżda li jirrifletti l-kost huwa prinċipalment il-kompitu tas-suq intern. Suq intern li jiffunzjona abbażi ta' infrastruttura suffiċjenti ta’ trażmissjoni u ta' ħżin huwa l-aħjar garanzija għas-sigurtà tal-provvista, billi l-enerġija ssegwi l-mekkaniżmi tas-suq u tasal fejn tkun meħtieġa. Madankollu, hemm bżonn ta’ xbieki ta' sikurezza, pereżempju fil-każ ta’ konsumaturi vulnerabbli, jew fi żmien ta’ kriżi fil-provvista li l-mekkaniżmi tas-suq ma jkunux jistgħu jindirizzaw suffiċjentement. Is-suq intern jiġi mxekkel ukoll meta l-Istati Membri ma jkunux kompletament interkonnessi, bħal fl-Istati Baltiċi. Ir-Regolament dwar is-Sigurtà tal-Gass huwa importanti peress li jiżgura li s-swieq ikunu ppreparati bis-sħiħ biex ilaħħqu fi żmien ta’ kriżi u li l-konsumaturi domestiċi jkunu protetti. It-tisħiħ tal-interkonnessjoni bejn l-Istati Membri kif ukoll l-infurzar attiv tal-kompetizzjoni mill-Kummissjoni u mill-Istati Membri jista’ jikkontribwixxi għal diversifikazzjoni ulterjuri tas-sorsi tal-provvista partikolarment f’dawk l-Istati Membri li attwalment jiddependu fuq sors wieħed jew fuq ftit sorsi biss tal-provvista.

Energy policy is also responsible for protecting European citizens from the risks of energy production and transport. The EU must continue to be a world leader in developing systems for safe nuclear power, the transport of radioactive substances, as well as the management of nuclear waste. International collaboration on nuclear safeguards plays a major role in ensuring nuclear security and establishing a solid and robust non-proliferation regime. In the oil and gas exploitation and conversion sector, the EU legislative framework should guarantee the highest level of safety and an unequivocal liability regime for oil and gas installations.

Il-politika dwar l-enerġija għandha r-responsabbiltà wkoll li tipproteġi ċ-ċittadini Ewropej mir-riskji relatati mal-produzzjoni u t-trasport tal-enerġija. L-UE għandha tibqa’ mexxej dinji fl-iżvilupp ta’ sistemi ta' enerġija nukleari sikura, tat-trasport ta’ sustanzi radjuattivi kif ukoll il-ġestjoni tal-iskart radjuattiv. Il-kollaborazzjoni internazzjonali dwar is-salvagwardji relatati mal-enerġija nukleari għandha rwol ċentrali li tiżgura s-sikurezza tal-enerġija nukleari u tistabbilixxi sistema solida u b’saħħitha ta’ nonproliferazzjoni. Fis-settur tal-użu u l-konverżjoni taż-żejt u l-gass, il-qafas leġiżlattiv tal-UE għandu jiggarantixxi l-ogħla livell ta’ sikurezza u sistema ta’ responsabbilà ċara għall-installazzjonijiet taż-żejt u tal-gass.

Priority 3: Empowering consumers and achieving the highest level of safety and security

Prijorità 3: Il-parteċipazzjoni msaħħa tal-konsumaturi u l-ilħiq tal-ogħla livell ta’ sikurezza u ta' sigurtà

Action 1: Making energy policy more consumer-friendly

Azzjoni 1: Il-Politika dwar l-enerġija għandha ssir iktar faċli għall-konsumaturi

- Active competition policy enforcement at European and national levels remains indispensible to foster competition and guarantee that consumers have access to energy at affordable prices.

- L-infurzar attiv tal-politika tal-kompetizzjoni fil-livelli Ewropej kif ukoll nazzjonali jibqa' indispensabbli biex titrawwem il-kompetizzjoni u biex jiġġarantixxi li l-konsumaturi jkollhom aċċess għall-enerġija bi prezz tajjeb għal buthom.

- The Commission will propose measures to help consumers better participate in the energy market in line with the third energy package. These measures will include the development of guidance based on best practice in the area of switching suppliers, the further implementation and monitoring of the billing and complaint-handling recommendations, and the identification of best practices in alternative dispute resolution schemes. A price comparison tool based on a methodology to be developed by energy regulators and other competent bodies should be available to all consumers, and all suppliers should provide updated information on their tariffs and offers. Finally, further efforts should be aimed at moving focus from energy prices to energy costs by developing the market for energy services.

- F'konformità mat-tielet pakkett dwar l-enerġija l-Kummissjoni se tipproponi miżuri li jgħinu lill-konsumaturi jipparteċipaw aħjar fis-suq tal-enerġija. Dawn il-miżuri se jinkludu l-iżvilupp ta' gwida bbażata fuq l-aħjar prassi fil-qasam tal-bdil ta' fornituri, l-implimentazzjoni u l-monitoraġġ imsaħħa tal-fatturazzjoni u r-rakkomandazzjonijiet għat-trattament tal-ilmenti, u l-identifikazzjoni tal-aħjar prattiki fl-iskemi alternattivi ta' soluzzjoni ta' tilwim. Għodda għat-tqabbil tal-prezzijiet bbażata fuq metodoloġija li għandha tiġi żvluppata mir-regolaturi tal-enerġija u korpi kompetenti oħrajn għandhom ikunu disponibbli għall-konsumaturi kollha, u l-fornituri kollha għandhom jipprovdu informazzjoni aġġornata dwar it-tariffi u l-offerti tagħhom. Fl-aħħar nett, aktar sforzi għandhom ikunu mmirati biex l-attenzjoni fuq il-prezzijiet tal-enerġija tinqaleb għal fuq il-kostijiet tal-enerġija billi jiġi żviluppat is-suq tas-servizzi tal-enerġija.

- The Commission will publish regular benchmark reports assessing the level of implementation of the regulatory provisions relating to consumers and the overall level of protection across the internal market. Particular emphasis will be given to vulnerable customers and to practices which enable consumers to reduce energy use.

- Il-Kummissjoni se tippubblika b’mod regolari rapporti dwar il-punti ta’ referiment biex jevalwaw il-livell ta’ implimentazzjoni tad-dispożizzjonijiet regolatorji relatati mal-konsumaturi u l-livell ġenerali tal-protezzjoni fis-suq intern. Se ssir enfasi partikolari fuq il-konsumaturi vulnerabbli u fuq prattiki li jippermettu lill-konsumaturi jnaqqsu l-użu tal-enerġija.

- Efforts to improve the functioning of the retail market should be stepped up by regulatory authorities with the help of the London Citizens’ and the Sustainability (Bucharest) Fora.

- Għandhom jinżdiedu l-isforzi min-naħa tal-awtoritajiet regolatorji biex jitjieb il-funzjonament tas-suq tal-konsumaturi bl-għajnuna tal-Fora taċ-Ċittadini ta’ Londra u tas-Sostenibbiltà (Bukarest).

Action 2: Continuous improvement in safety and security

Azzjoni 2: Titjib kontinwu fis-sikurezza u fis-sigurtà

- The safety conditions of offshore oil and gas extraction are being reviewed by the Commission in the light of the Deepwater Horizon accident, with the aim of introducing stringent measures from prevention to response and liability issues which will guarantee the highest level of protection throughout the EU and the rest of the world.

- Il-kundizzjonijiet ta' sikurezza tal-estrazzjoni taż-żejt u l-gass barra mill-kosta qed jiġu riveduti mill-Kummissjoni fid-dawl tal-inċident tad-Deepwater Horizon, bil-għan li jiġu introdotti miżuri stretti li jkopru mill-prevenzjoni sar-reazzjoni u l-kwistjonijiet ta’ responsabbiltà li jiggarantixxu l-ogħla livell ta’ protezzjoni fl-UE u fil-bqija tad-dinja.

- The legal framework for nuclear safety and security will be further enhanced through the mid-term review of the Nuclear Safety Directive, the implementation of the Nuclear Waste Directive, the redefinition of the basic safety standards for the protection of workers and the population and a proposal for a European approach on nuclear liability regimes. Greater harmonisation of plant design and certification at the international level should also be actively pursued. All these measures should allow the EU to keep its leadership in safe nuclear energy and contribute to responsible use of nuclear energy worldwide.

- Il-qafas legali għas-sikurezza u s-sigurtà tal-enerġija nukleari se jittejjeb aktar permezz tar-reviżjoni ta’ nofs it-terminu tad-Direttiva dwar is-Sikurezza Nukleari, l-implementazzjoni tad-Direttiva dwar l-Iskart Nukleari u d-definizzjoni mill-ġdid tal-istandards bażiċi ta' sikurezza għall-protezzjoni tal-ħaddiema u tal-popolazzjoni u proposta għal approċċ Ewropew dwar is-sistemi tar-responsabbiltà nukleari. Għandu jkun imfittex aktar armonizzazzjoni fil-livell internazzjonali fit-tfassil u ċ-ċertifikazzjoni tal-impjanti. Dawn il-miżuri kollha għandhom jippermettu lill-UE biex iżżomm il-pożizzjoni tagħha fuq quddiem nett fil-qasam tas-sikurezza tal-enerġija nukleari u għandhom jikkontribwixxu għall-użu responsabbli tal-enerġija nukleari madwar id-dinja kollha.

- The same security and safety considerations will also be upheld in the development and deployment of new energy technologies (hydrogen safety, safety of CO2 transportation network, CO2 storage, etc…).

- L-istess kunsiderazzjonijiet ta’ sikurezza u ta' sigurtà se jiġu meqjusa fl-iżvilupp u fl-iskjerament ta’ teknoloġiji ġodda tal-enerġija (is-sikurezza tal-idroġenu, is-sikurezza tan-netwerk tat-trasportazzjoni tas-CO2, il-ħżin tas-CO2, eċċ…).

4. MAKING A TECHNOLOGICAL SHIFT

4. IT-TWETTIQ TA’ BIDLA TEKNOLOġIKA

Without a technological shift, the EU will fail on its 2050 ambitions to decarbonise the electricity and transport sectors. Given the time scale for the development and dissemination of energy technology, the urgency of bringing new high performance low-carbon technologies to the European markets is more acute than ever. The EU ETS is an important demand side driver supporting the deployment of innovative low carbon technologies. However, new technologies will reach markets more quickly and more economically if they are developed through collaboration at the EU level.

Mingħajr bidla teknoloġika, l-UE mhux se jirnexxielha twettaq l-ambizzjonijiet tagħha għall-2050 relatati mad-dekarbonizzazzjoni tas-setturi tal-elettriku u tat-trasport. Minħabba l-iskedar taż-żmien għall-iżvilupp u t-tixrid tat-teknoloġija tal-enerġija, il-ħtieġa li jinġiebu teknoloġiji ġodda bi prestazzjoni għolja u b’livell baxx ta’ karbonju fis-swieq Ewropej saret urġenti iktar minn qatt qabel. L-ETS tal-UE hija mutur importanti fuq in-naħa tad-domanda li tappoġġja l-użu ta’ teknoloġiji innovattivi b’livell baxx ta’ karbonju. Madankollu, teknoloġiji ġodda jaslu fis-suq iktar malajr u b’mod iktar ekonomiku jekk jiġu żviluppati b’kollaborazzjoni fil-livell tal-UE.

Europe-wide planning and management is paramount for investment stability, business confidence and policy coherence. The Strategic Energy Technology (SET) Plan sets out a medium term strategy valid across all sectors. Yet development and demonstration projects for the main technologies (second generation biofuels, smart grids, smart cities and intelligent networks, Carbon Capture and Storage, electricity storage and electro-mobility, next generation nuclear, renewable heating and cooling) must be speeded up. Similarly, the crucial nature of innovation was highlighted in the Europe 2020 flagship on ‘Innovation Union’[21].

L-ippjanar u l-ġestjoni madwar l-Ewropa kollha huma essenzjali għall-istabbiltà tal-investiment, għall-fiduċja fin-negozju u l-koerenza tal-politika. Il-Pjan tat-Teknoloġija Strateġika tal-Enerġija (SET - Strategic Energy Technology) jistabbilixxi strateġija fuq perjodu medju valida għas-setturi kollha. Madankollu għandhom jitwettqu u jiġu aċċellerati l-proġetti ta’ żvilupp u ta’ wiri għat-teknoloġiji ewlenin (il-bijofjuwils tat-tieni ġenerazzjoni, il-grids intelliġenti, l-ibliet intelliġenti u n-netwerks intelliġenti, il-Qbid u l-Ħżin tad-Dijossidu tal-Karbonju (CCS - Carbon Capture and Storage), il-ħżin tal-elettriku u l-elettromobbiltà, l-enerġija nukleari tal-ġenerazzjoni li jmiss u t-tisħin u t-tkessiħ rinnovabbli). Bl-istess mod, in-natura kruċjali tal-innovazzjoni ġiet enfasizzata fl-inizjattiva prominenti tal-Ewropa 2020 dwar ‘L-Unjoni Innovattiva’[21].

The resources required in the next two decades for the development of these technologies are very significant, especially when seen in the context of the current economic climate. Major projects, such as the ones over 140 GW of offshore wind power currently being planned by European utilities, developers and governments, mostly in the North Sea or the Desertec and Medring initiatives, affect several Member States. Europe-wide coordination and collaboration should include the pooling of different funding sources. All stakeholders will be expected to contribute. The Commission will seek to leverage the EU budget to raise further the overall level of funding.

Ir-riżorsi meħtieġa fl-għoxrin sena li jmiss għall-iżvilupp ta’ dawn it-teknoloġiji huma ferm sinifikanti, speċjalment meta jiġu kkunsidrati fil-kuntest tal-klima ekonomika attwali. Proġetti kbar, bħalma huma dawk b’enerġija mir-riħ barra mill-kosta ta’ iktar minn 140 GW li qed jiġu ppjanati attwalment minn fornituri, żviluppaturi u gvernijiet Ewropej, il-biċċa l-kbira fil-Baħar tat-Tramuntana jew inkella l-inizjattivi Desertec/Medring, jaffettwaw diversi Stati Membri. Il-koordinazzjoni u l-kollaborazzjoni mifruxa mal-Ewropa kollha għandhom jinkludu l-ġbir flimkien ta’ diversi sorsi ta’ finanzjament. Il-partijiet interessati kollha huma mistennija jagħtu l-kontribut tagħhom. Il-Kummissjoni se tagħmel pressjoni biex il-baġit tal-UE jżid ulterjorment il-livell kumplessiv ta’ finanzjament.

The EU is facing fierce competition in international technology markets. Countries such as China, Japan, South Korea and the USA are pursuing an ambitious industrial strategy in solar, wind and nuclear markets. EU researchers and companies need to increase their efforts to remain at the forefront of the booming international market for energy technology and, where it is mutually beneficial, they should step up cooperation with third countries in specific technologies.

L-UE qed tiffaċċja kompetizzjoni ħarxa fis-swieq internazzjonali tat-teknoloġija. Pajjiżi bħaċ-Ċina, il-Ġappun, il-Korea t’Isfel u l-Istati Uniti tal-Amerika qed isegwu strateġija industrijali ambizzjuża fis-swieq tal-enerġija mix-xemx, mir-riħ u dik nukleari. Ir-riċerkaturi u l-kumpaniji tal-UE għandhom iżidu l-isforzi tagħhom biex jibqgħu fuq quddiem tas-suq internazzjonali tat-teknoloġija tal-enerġija li qed jespandi b’rata mgħaġġla, u meta jkun ta’ benefiċċju reċiproku, huma għandhom iħaffu l-kooperazzjoni ma’ pajjiżi terzi f’teknoloġiji speċifiċi.

Priority 4: Extending Europe’s leadership in energy technology and innovation Action 1: Implementing the SET Plan without delay The Commission will reinforce the implementation of the SET Plan, in particular the Joint Programmes of the European Energy Research Alliance (EERA) and the six European Industrial Initiatives (wind; solar; bio energy; smart grids; nuclear fission; and CCS). Work will intensify with Member States to finance the activities of the Technology Roadmaps for 2010-2020 and to ensure the success of related large scale demonstration programmes such as under the New Entrants Reserve (NER300) programme[22]. Available Community funding[23] will be concentrated on the SET Plan initiatives. The Technology Roadmaps of the European Industrial Initiatives for 2010-2020 are being implemented from this year on and will be given additional support. They will be the cornerstone for the preparation of the next financial framework as regards a consolidated, regularly assessed, more efficient and focused energy research programme. In this context, the Commission will promote the development of strategic energy research infrastructures in Europe as they strongly contribute to the shortening of the distance between research and technological development. It will also pursue other avenues with great potential, such as marine renewable energy and renewable heating and cooling. Action 2: The Commission will be launching four new large-scale European projects 1. The Commission will take forward a major European initiative on smart grids to link the whole electricity grid system, from the off-shore wind farms in the North Sea, solar plants in the South and existing hydro-electric dams, to individual households, while making power networks more intelligent, efficient and reliable. 2. Re-establishing Europe’s leadership on electricity storage (both large-scale and for vehicles). Ambitious projects will be developed in the fields of hydro capacity, compressed air storage, battery storage, and other innovative storage technologies such as hydrogen. These will prepare the electricity grid at all voltage levels for the massive uptake of small-scale decentralised and large-scale centralised renewable electricity. 3. Implementing large-scale sustainable biofuel production, including in the light of the ongoing review concerning the impact of indirect land use change. The € 9 billion European Industrial Bioenergy Initiative[24] will be launched shortly to ensure quick market uptake of sustainable second-generation biofuels. 4. Providing cities, urban and rural areas with ways of making greater energy savings. The ‘Smart Cities’ innovation partnership to be launched early 2011 will bring together the best from the areas of renewable energies, energy efficiency, smart electricity grids, clean urban transport such as electro mobility, smart heating and cooling grids, combined with highly innovative intelligence and ICT tools. EU Regional Policy can play an important role in unlocking local potentials. Rural areas also have a significant potential in this respect and could make use of the EARDF that provides financial means to support such innovation projects. Action 3: Ensuring long-term EU technological competitiveness In order to lay the foundations of our future competitiveness in the face of strong international competition, the Commission will propose a € 1 billion-initiative[25] to support the frontier research needed to deliver science necessary for low-carbon energy breakthroughs. EU leadership must also be maintained in the global flagship research project ITER. The Commission will ensure effective governance (including cost containment) and industrial value creation from ITER and the European fusion programme. The Commission will develop an EU research programme for energy materials, allowing the EU energy sector to stay competitive despite dwindling rare earth resources. |

Prijorità 4: L-estensjoni tal-pożizzjoni fuq quddiem nett tal-Ewropa fit-teknoloġija u fl-innovazzjoni tal-enerġija Azzjoni 1: L-implimentazzjoni mingħajr dewmien tal-Pjan SET Il-Kummissjoni se ssaħħaħ l-implimentazzjoni tal-Pjan SET, b’mod partikolari l-Programmi Konġunti tal-Alleanza Ewropea għar-Riċerka dwar l-Enerġija (EERA - European Energy Research Alliance) u s-sitt Inizjattivi Industrijali Ewropej (l-enerġija mir-riħ; l-enerġija mix-xemx; il-bijoenerġija; il-grids intelliġenti; il-fissjoni nukleari; u s-CCS). Se tiġi intensifikata l-ħidma mal-Istati Membri biex jiġu ffinanzjati l-attivitajiet tal-Pjanijiet Direzzjonali dwar it-Teknoloġija għall-2010-2020 u biex jiġi żgurat is-suċċess ta’ programmi ta’ wiri relatati fuq skala kbira bħal dawk tal-programm tar-Riżerva tal-Installazzjonijiet Ġodda li Daħlu fis-Suq (NER300- New Entrants Reserve)[22]. Il-fondi Komunitarji disponibbli[23] se jkunu kkonċentrati fuq l-inizjattivi tal-Pjan SET. Il-Pjanijiet Direzzjonali dwar it-Teknoloġija tal-Inizjattivi Industrijali Ewropej għall-2010-2020 qed jiġu implimentati minn din is-sena ’l quddiem u se jingħataw appoġġ addizzjonali. Huma se jkunu l-bażi għat-tħejjija tal-qafas finanzjarju li jmiss f’dak li jirrigwarda programm ta’ riċerka dwar l-enerġija kkonsolidat, ivvalutat regolarment, iktar effiċjenti u ffukat. F'dan il-kuntest, il-Kummissjoni se tippromwovi l-iżvilupp ta' infrastrutturi strateġiċi ta' riċerka fl-enerġija fl-Ewropa għaliex dawn jikkontribwixxu b'mod qawwi biex tonqos id-distanza bejn ir-riċerka u l-iżvilupp teknoloġiku. Se tfittex ukoll mezzi oħra b'potenzjal kbir, bħall-enerġija rinnovabbli mill-baħar u t-tisħin u t-tkessiħ rinnovabbli. Azzjoni 2: Il-Kummissjoni se tniedi erba’ proġetti Ewropej ġodda fuq skala kbira 1. Il-Kummissjoni se tressaq inizjattiva Ewropea ewlenija dwar grids intilliġenti sabiex is-sistema kollha tal-grid tal-elettriku tkun illinkjata b’netwerks intelliġenti, mit-turbini tar-riħ (“wind farms”) barra mill-kosta fil-Baħar tat-Tramuntana, l-impjanti solari fin-Nofsinhar u d-digi idroelettriċi eżistenti, sad-djar individwali filwaqt li n-netwerks tal-elettriku jsiru iktar intelliġenti, effiċjenti u affidabbli. 2. L-istabbiliment mill-ġdid tal-pożizzjoni tal-Ewropa fuq quddiem nett fil-ħżin tal-elettriku (kemm fuq skala kbira kif ukoll għall-vetturi). Se jiġu żviluppati proġetti ambizzjużi fl-oqsma tal-idrokapaċità, il-ħżin tal-arja kkompressata, il-ħżin tal-batteriji u teknoloġiji ta’ ħżin innovattivi oħra bħall-idroġenu. Dawn se jippreparaw il-grid tal-elettriku fil-livelli kollha tal-vultaġġ biex tkun tista’ tieħu kwantitajiet massivi ta’ elettriku rinnovabbli deċentralizzati fuq skala żgħira u ċentralizzat fuq skala kbira. 3. L-implimentazzjoni tal-produzzjoni sostenibbli fuq skala kbira ta’ bijofjuwils, inkluż fid-dawl tar-reviżjoni li għaddejja bħalissa dwar l-impatt ta' bdil indirett tal-użu tal-art. L-Inizjattiva Industrijali Ewropea dwar il-Bijoenerġija[24] li tiswa EUR 9 biljun se titnieda dalwaqt biex tiżgura l-adozzjoni malajr fis-suq tal-bijofjuwils sostenibbli tat-tieni ġenerazzjoni. 4. Il-forniment lill-ibliet, liż-żoni urbani u rurali ta’ metodi għal iktar iffrankar tal-enerġija. Is-sħubija ta’ innovazzjoni “Bliet Intelliġenti” [Smart Cities] li se titnieda fil-bidu tal-2011 se tiġbor flimkien l-aħjar mill-oqsma tal-enerġija rinnovabbli, l-effiċjenza fl-enerġija, il-grids tal-elettriku intelliġenti, it-trasport urban nadif bħall-elettromobbiltà, in-netwerks intelliġenti tat-tisħin u tat-tkessiħ, flimkien ma’ għododa intelliġenti u tal-ICT ferm innovattivi. Il-Politika Reġjonali tal-UE jista’ jkollha rwol importanti biex jiġi sfruttat il-potenzjali lokali. Iż-żoni rurali wkoll għandhom potenzjal sinifikanti f'dan ir-rigward u jkunu jistgħu jużaw l-FAEŻR li jipprovdi l-mezzi finanzjarji ta' appoġġ għal proġetti ta' innovazzjoni bħal dawn. Azzjoni 3: L-iżgurar tal-kompetittività teknoloġika tal-UE fit-tul Sabiex jinbnew is-sisien tal-kompetittività tagħna fil-ġejjieni quddiem l-isfida ta' kompetizzjoni internazzjonali qawwija, il-Kummissjoni se tipproponi inizjattiva ta' EUR 1 biljun[25] b'appoġġ għar-riċerka avvanzata meħtieġa għat-twassil tax-xjenza neċessarja għal-skoperti ġodda ta' enerġija baxxa fil-karbonju. Il-pożizzjoni fuq quddiem nett tal-UE għandha tkun imħarsa wkoll fil-proġett ta’ riċerka globali u ewlieni tal-ITER. Il-Kummissjoni se tiżgura t-tmexxija effikaċi (inkluż it-trażżin tal-kostijiet) u l-ħolqien tal-valur industrijali mill-ITER u mill-programm Ewropew ta’ fużjoni. Il-Kummissjoni se tiżviluppa programm ta’ riċerka tal-UE għall-materjali tal-enerġija, li jippermetti li s-settur tal-enerġija tal-UE jibqa’ kompetittiv minkejja li qed jonqsu r-riżorsi rari tad-dinja. |

- 5. STRONG INTERNATIONAL PARTNERSHIP, NOTABLY WITH OUR NEIGHBOURS

- 5. SħUBIJA INTERNAZZJONALI SODA, NOTEVOLMENT MAL-ġIRIEN TAGħNA

The European energy market is the world’s largest regional market (over 500 million consumers) and largest energy importer. However, the same collaboration and common purpose that has led to the adoption of the EU’s headline energy and climate targets is not yet evident in external energy policy. Several of the challenges facing the EU — climate change, access to oil and gas, technology development, energy efficiency — are common to most countries and rely on international collaboration. Member States have repeatedly called for the EU to speak with a common voice in third countries. In practice, national initiatives do not leverage the strength of the size of the EU market and could better express the EU interest.

Is-suq Ewropew tal-enerġija huwa l-akbar suq reġjonali tad-dinja (iktar minn 500 miljun konsumatur) u l-akbar importatur tal-enerġija. Madankollu, fil-politika esterna dwar l-enerġija għad m'hemmx l-istess kollaborazzjoni u skop komuni li wasslu għall-adozzjoni tal-miri ewlenin tal-UE b’rabta mal-enerġija u l-klima. Ħafna mill-isfidi li qed tiffaċċja l-UE — it-tibdil fil-klima, l-aċċess għaż-żejt u għall-gass, l-iżvilupp tat-teknoloġija, l-effiċjenza fl-enerġija — huma komuni fil-biċċa l-kbira tal-pajjiżi u jiddependu fuq il-kollaborazzjoni internazzjonali. L-Istati Membri kemm-il darba appellaw biex l-UE titkellm b'vuċi waħda fil-pajjiżi terzi. Fil-prattika, l-inizjattivi nazzjonali ma jinfluwenzawx is-saħħa fid-daqs tas-suq tal-UE, u jistgħu jesprimu aħjar l-interess tal-UE.

International energy policy must pursue the common goals of security of supply, competitiveness and sustainability. While relations with producing and transit countries are important, relations with large energy-consuming nations and particularly emerging and developing countries are of growing significance. To lift people out of poverty will require access to energy since achieving the goal of eradicating extreme poverty by 2015 cannot be met unless substantial progress is made on improving access. In order to ensure that this does not harm other policy goals, sustainable development needs to be at the core of both energy and development policy, such as proposed in the Green Paper on Development Policy[26].

Il-politika internazzjonali dwar l-enerġija għandu jkollha l-miri komuni tas-sigurtà tal-provvista, il-kompetittività u s-sostenibbiltà. Għalkemm ir-relazzjonijiet mal-pajjiżi produtturi u ta’ tranżitu huma importanti, ir-relazzjonijiet ma’ pajjiżi kbar b’konsum għoli ta’ enerġija u partikolarment il-pajjiżi emerġenti u li qed jiżviluppaw qed isiru iktar sinifikanti. Biex in-nies jinħelsu mill-faqar hemm il-ħtieġa tal-aċċess għall-enerġija għaliex ma jistax jinkiseb l-għan li jinqered il-faqar estrem sal-2015 sakemm ma jsirx progress sostanzjali fit-titjib tal-aċċess. Sabiex ikun żgurat li dan ma jagħmilx ħsara lill-għanijiet ta' politika l-oħrajn, jeħtieġ li l-iżvilupp sostenibbli jkun fiċ-ċentru kemm tal-politika tal-enerġija kif ukoll tal-iżvilupp, kif kien ġie propost fil-Green Paper dwar il-Politika tal-Iżvilupp[26].

New patterns of supply and demand in global energy markets and increasing competition for energy resources make it essential for the EU to be able to throw its combined market weight effectively in relations with key third-country energy partners. Europe should be in a position to rely on significant additional energy supply sources and routes by 2020.

Minħabba x-xejriet ġodda tal-provvista u d-domanda fis-swieq globali tal-enerġija u l-kompetizzjoni li qed tiżdied għar-riżorsi tal-enerġija, huwa essenzjali li l-UE tkun tista’ tuża l-piż komplessiv kollu tagħha fis-suq b’mod effettiv fir-relazzjonijiet ma’ pajjiżi terzi msieħba ewlenin fl-enerġija. L-Ewropa għandha tkun f’pożizzjoni li sal-2020 tkun tista’ tiddependi fuq sorsi u rotot sinifikanti addizzjonali għall-provvista tal-enerġija.

The need for international solutions obliges us to push our agenda for decarbonisation and energy efficiency with our main partners and in international negotiations and frameworks. The ETS is a driver of international carbon markets, and further action should build on ongoing action to further develop these markets. As a frontrunner in policy development, the EU has more scope to influence standard-setting environmental issues, and to promote respect for transparent and competitive markets.

Il-ħtieġa ta’ soluzzjonijiet internazzjonali ġġiegħelna nagħtu spinta lill-aġenda tagħna għad-dekarbonizzazzjoni u l-effiċjenza fl-enerġija mal-imsieħba ewlenin tagħna u fin-negozjati u l-oqfsa internazzjonali. L-ETS hija mutur tas-swieq internazzjonali tal-karbonju, u l-azzjoni futura għandha tkompli tibni fuq l-azzjoni għaddejja bħalissa biex dawn is-swieq ikomplu jiġu żviluppati. Bħala l-attur ewlieni fl-iżvilupp tal-politiki, l-UE għandha l-ambitu ikbar biex teżerċita l-influwenza tagħha fi kwistjonijiet ambjentali fl-istabbiliment tal-istandards, u biex tippromwovi r-rispett lejn swieq trasparenti u kompetittivi.

The EU already has a series of complementary and targeted frameworks ranging from specific energy provisions in bilateral agreements with third countries (Free Trade Agreements, Partnership and Cooperation Agreements, Association Agreements, etc.) and Memoranda of Understanding on energy cooperation, through to multilateral Treaties such as the Energy Community Treaty[27] and participation in the Energy Charter Treaty. It is currently negotiating with several countries new agreements including important energy provisions.

L-UE diġà għandha serje ta’ oqfsa komplementari u mmirati li jvarjaw minn dispożizzjonijiet speċifiċi dwar l-enerġija fi ftehimiet bilaterali ma’ pajjiżi terzi (Ftehimiet ta’ Kummerċ Ħieles, Ftehimiet ta’ Sħubija u Kooperazzjoni, Ftehimiet ta’ Assoċjazzjoni eċċ.) u Memoranda ta’ Ftehim dwar il-kooperazzjoni fl-enerġija sa Trattati multilaterali bħat-Trattat dwar il-Komunità tal-Enerġija[27] u l-parteċipazzjoni fit-Trattat dwar il-Karta dwar l-Enerġija. Attwalment qed tinnegozja ftehimiet ġodda ma’ diversi pajjiżi li jinkludu dispożizzjonijiet importanti relatati mal-enerġija.

The EU must now formalise the principle whereby Member States act in the benefit of the EU as a whole in bilateral energy relations with key partners and in global discussions. Building on the legal basis in the Lisbon Treaty, which clarifies and strengthens the external dimension, the EU’s external energy policy must ensure effective solidarity, responsibility and transparency among all Member States, reflecting the EU interest and ensuring the security of the EU’s internal energy market. More effective coordination at EU and Member State level need to be put in place.

L-UE issa għandha tifformalizza l-prinċipju li skontu l-Istati Membri għandhom jaġixxu għall-benefiċċju tal-UE globalment fir-relazzjonijiet bilaterali relatati mal-enerġija flimkien ma’ msieħba ewlenin u f’diskussjonijiet globali. Filwaqt li tibni fuq il-bażi legali tat-Trattat ta’ Lisbona, li jiċċara u jsaħħaħ id-dimensjoni esterna, il-politika esterna dwar l-enerġija tal-UE għandha tiżgura s-solidarjetà, ir-responsabbiltà u t-trasparenza effettivi fost l-Istati Membri kollha, filwaqt li tirrifletti l-interess tal-UE u tiżgura s-sigurtà tas-suq intern tal-enerġija tal-UE. Għandu jkun hemm aktar koordinazzjoni effettiva fil-livell tal-UE u tal-Istati Membri.

In the nuclear field, international cooperation has produced good results. This is particularly relevant since various neighbouring countries operate or, plan to operate nuclear power plants. The EU must now encourage partner States to make all existing international nuclear safety and security standards and procedures legally binding and effectively implemented worldwide. The EU is particularly well placed, as it is the first to have taken such action both in the field of safety and security and has specific cooperation instruments for this purpose.

Fil-qasam nukleari, il-kooperazzjoni internazzjonali tat riżultati tajbin. Dan huwa partikolarment rilevanti billi diversi pajjiżi ġirien joperaw impjanti nukleari, jew beħsiebhom jibdew joperawhom. L-UE issa għandha tħeġġeġ lill-Istati msieħba biex jagħmlu l-istandards u l-proċeduri eżistenti kollha dwar is-sikurezza u s-sigurtà nukleari internazzjonali legalment vinkolanti u effettivament implimentati fid-dinja kollha. L-UE tinsab f’pożizzjoni partikolarment tajba, għaliex hija l-ewwel waħda li ħadet tali azzjoni fil-qasam kemm tas-sikurezza u kemm tas-sigurtà u għandha strumenti speċifiċi ta’ kooperazzjoni għal dan il-għan.

As well as being vital for the EU's security of supply, the external dimension of EU energy policy must be consistent and mutually reinforcing with other external activities of the EU (development, trade, climate and biodiversity, enlargement, Common Foreign and Security Policy and others). There must be synergies between energy objectives and other policies and instruments including trade, bilateral agreements, and development cooperation instruments and vice-versa.

Minbarra li hija vitali għas-sigurtà tal-provvista tal-UE, id-dimensjoni esterna tal-politika tal-UE dwar l-enerġija għandha tkun konsistenti u ssaħħaħ b'mod reċiproku attivitajiet esterni oħra tal-UE (l-iżvilupp, il-kummerċ, il-klima u l-bijodiversità, it-tkabbir, il-Politika Estera u ta’ Sigurtà Komuni (CFSP - Common Foreign and Security Policy u oħrajn). Għandu jkun hemm sinerġiji bejn l-għanijiet tal-enerġija u politiki u strumenti oħra inklużi ftehimiet kummerċjali bilaterali u strumenti għall-iżvilupp tal-kooperazzjoni u vice-versa .

Energy security is closely intertwined with EU's foreign and security priorities[28]. Diversification of fuels, sources of supply and transit routes is essential for EU security as are good governance, respect for the rule of law and protection of EU and foreign investments in energy producing and transit countries. Moreover, EU policy will pay particular attention to safety and security of oil, natural gas pipelines and related production and transport infrastructure by combining energy policy and CFSP instruments.

Is-sigurtà tal-enerġija hija marbuta mill-qrib mal-prijoritajiet barranin u ta’ sigurtà tal-UE[28]. Id-diversifikazzjoni tal-fjuwils, tas-sorsi tal-provvista u tar-rotot ta’ tranżitu hija essenzjali għas-sigurtà tal-UE bħalma huma t-tmexxija tajba, ir-rispett lejn l-istat tad-dritt u l-protezzjoni tal-investimenti tal-UE u barranin fil-pajjiżi li jipproduċu l-enerġija u ta’ tranżitu. Barra minn hekk, il-politika tal-UE se tagħti attenzjoni partikolari lis-sikurezza u s-sigurtà tal-pipelines taż-żejt u tal-gass naturali u lill-infrastruttura relatata tal-produzzjoni u t-trasport billi tgħaqqad l-istrumenti tal-politika tal-enerġija u tas-CFSP.

In 2011 the Commission will present concrete proposals to reinforce the overall consistency and efficiency of our external energy policy, involving Member States, various external policies of the European Union and external support programmes.

Fl-2011 il-Kummissjoni se tippreżenta proposti konkreti biex issaħħaħ il-konsistenza u l-effiċjenza ġenerali tal-politika esterna tagħna dwar l-enerġija, filwaqt li tinvolvi l-Istati Membri, diversi politiki esterni tal-Unjoni Ewropea u programmi esterni ta’ appoġġ.

Priority 5: Strengthening the external dimension of the EU energy market

Prijorità 5: It-tisħiħ tad-dimensjoni esterna tas-suq tal-enerġija tal-UE

Action 1: Integrating energy markets and regulatory frameworks with our neighbours

Azzjoni 1: Integrazzjoni tas-swieq tal-enerġija u l-oqfsa regolatorji mal-ġirien tagħna

- The Energy Community Treaty should be implemented and extended to all those EU neighbours who are willing to adopt the EU market model. In this context, market integration and regulatory convergence should be pursued through comprehensive EU agreements based on the EU rules in the countries covered by the European Neighbourhood Policy and the Enlargement process, in particular in the Mediterranean region and with transit countries such as Ukraine and Turkey. Moreover, the Energy Community Treaty should be deepened by extending new acquis to the signatories to the Treaty. This approach would strengthen the participation of neighbouring countries in the internal market, while providing a level playing field and a safeguards against the risk of carbon leakage through the power sector.

- It-Trattat dwar il-Komunità tal-Enerġija għandu jiġi implimentat, approfondit u estiż għal dawk il-ġirien kollha tal-UE li jixtiequ jadottaw il-mudell tas-suq tal-UE. F'dan il-kuntest, l-integrazzjoni tas-suq u l-konverġenza regolatorja għandhom ikunu segwiti permezz ta' ftehimiet komprensivi tal-UE abbażi tar-regoli tal-UE fil-pajjiżi koperti bil-Politika Ewropea tal-Viċinat u l-Proċess tat-Tkabbir, speċjalment fir-reġjun tal-Mediterran u ma’ pajjiżi ta’ tranżitu bħall-Ukraina u t-Turkija. Barra minn hekk, it-Trattat dwar il-Komunità tal-Enerġija għandu jkun intensifikat bl-estensjoni tal- acquis il-ġdid lill-firmatarji għat-Trattat. Dan l-approċċ għandu jsaħħaħ il-parteċipazzjoni tal-pajjiżi ġirien fis-suq intern, filwaqt li jipprovdi ambjent ekwu u salvagwardji kontra r-riskju tat-tnixxija ta' karbonju fis-settur tal-enerġija.

- Mechanisms will be proposed by the Commission to align existing international agreements (notably in the gas sector) with the internal market rules and to strengthen cooperation between Member States for the conclusion of new ones. Proposals will also be made to set the required regulatory framework between the EU and third countries to develop strategic routes from new suppliers, notably around the Southern corridor and the Southern Mediterranean. Supply issues, including network development and possibly grouped supply arrangements as well as regulatory aspects, notably concerning the freedom of transit and investment security, would be covered.

- Se jiġu proposti mill-Kummissjoni mekkaniżmi tal-UE li jallinjaw il-ftehimiet internazzjonali eżistenti (speċjalment fis-settur tal-gass) mar-regoli tas-suq intern u li jsaħħu l-kooperazzjoni bejn l-Istati Membri għall-konklużjoni ta' oħrajn ġodda. Se jsiru wkoll proposti biex jiġi stabbiliti il-qafas regolatorju meħtieġ bejn l-UE u l-pajjiżi terzi għall-iżvlupp ta' rotot strateġiċi minn fornituri ġodda, speċjalment madwar il-Kuritur tan-Nofsinhar u n-Nofsinhar tal-Mediterran. Kwistjonijiet ta’ provvista u ta’ aċċess għas-suq se jkunu koperti, inklużi l-iżvilupp ta’ netwerks u possibbilment arranġamenti ta’ provvista ggruppjata kif ukoll aspetti regolatorji, notevolment dwar il-libertà ta' tranżitu u s-sigurtà fl-investiment.

- EU technical assistance will be mobilised for the effective implementation of the internal market acquis and the modernisation of the energy sector in neighbouring countries, while improving the coordination of support schemes provided by the EU, its Member States and the international community.

- Se tiġi mobilizzata l-għajnuna teknika tal-UE għall-implimentazzjoni effettiva tal- acquis tas-suq intern u għall-modernizzazzjoni tas-settur tal-enerġija fil-pajjiżi ġirien, filwaqt li tittejjeb il-koordinazzjoni ta’ skemi ta’ appoġġ pprovduti mill-UE, l-Istati Membri tagħha u l-komunità internazzjonali.

Action 2: Establishing privileged partnerships with key partners

Azzjoni 2: L-istabbiliment ta’ sħubiji privileġġati ma’ msieħba ewlenija

- While pursuing diversification of import sources and routes, reinforced energy partnerships will be established by the EU with key suppliers and transit countries. They will aim at promoting key principles such as those contained in the Energy Charter Treaty (for example the freedom of transit, transparency, safety, investment opportunities as well as compliance with international law).

- Filwaqt li titkompla d-diversifikazzjoni tas-sorsi u r-rotot tal-importazzjoni, l-UE se tirrinfurza sħubijiet strateġiċi tal-enerġija ma’ fornituri u pajjiżi ta’ tranżitu ewlenin. L-għan tagħhom se jkun li jippromwovu prinċipji ewlenin bħal dawk tat-Trattat dwar il-Karta tal-Energija (pereżempju il-libertà ta' tranżitu, it-trasparenza, is-sikurezza, l-opportunitajiet ta' investiment kif ukoll il-konformità mal-liġi internazzjonali).

Action 3: Promoting the global role of the EU for a future of low-carbon energy

Azzjoni 3: Il-promozzjoni tar-rwol globali tal-UE għal futur b’enerġija b’livell baxx ta’ karbonju

- Energy efficiency, clean technologies and safe and sustainable low-carbon energy should be integrated into EU and bilateral cooperation activities, particularly with major consumer and emerging economies and with global partnerships.

- L-effiċjenza fl-enerġija, it-teknoloġiji nodfa u l-enerġija sikura u sostenibbli b’livell baxx ta’ karbonju għandhom jiġu integrati f’attivitajiet tal-UE u ta’ kooperazzjoni bilaterali, partikolarment ma’ ekonomiji ewlenin tal-konsumaturi u emerġenti u ma’ sħubijiet globali.

- The Commission will launch a major cooperation with Africa on energy initiatives in order to progressively provide sustainable energy to all citizens, in line with the Green Paper on Development Policy.

- Il-Kummissjoni se tniedi kooperazzjoni ewlenija mal-Afrika dwar l-inizzjattivi fl-enerġija sabiex progressivament tipprovdi l-enerġija sostenibbli liċ-ċittadini kollha, f'konformità mal-Green Paper dwar il-Politika tal-Iżvlupp.

Action 4: Promoting legally binding nuclear-safety, security and non-proliferation standards worldwide

Azzjoni 4: Il-promozzjoni ta’ standards legalment vinkolanti fil-qasam tas-sikurezza, is-sigurtà u n-nonproliferazzjoni nukleari fid-dinja

- The Commission will develop initiatives aiming at encouraging partner States to make international nuclear safety, security and non-proliferation standards and procedures legally binding and effectively implemented around the globe, in particular through reinforced cooperation with the International Atomic Energy Agency and the conclusion of Euratom agreements with key nuclear suppliers and user countries.

- Il-Kummissjoni se tiżviluppa inizjattivi li l-mira tagħhom huwa li jinkoraġġixxu l-Istati msieħba biex jagħmlu l-standards u l-proċeduri internazzjonali dwar is-sikurezza, is-sigurtà u n-nonproliferazzjoni nukleari legalment vinkolanti u effettivament implimentati madwar id-dinja, b'mod partikolari permezz ta’ kooperazzjoni msaħħa mal-Aġenzija Internazzjonali tal-Enerġija Atomika u l-konklużjoni ta’ ftehimiet tal-Euratom ma’ fornituri u pajjiżi utenti ewlenin tal-enerġija nukleari.

CONCLUSIONS

KONKLUżJONIJIET

The EU is on the threshold of an unprecedented period for energy policy. Energy markets have been largely cushioned from the effects of global market turbulence in recent years as a result of liberalisation, ample supply and production capacities and adequate import possibilities. However, dramatic changes are afoot. Energy prices will be affected by the huge need for energy sector investments, as well as carbon pricing and higher international energy prices. Competitiveness, supply security and climate objectives will be undermined unless electricity grids are upgraded, obsolete plants are replaced by competitive and cleaner alternatives and energy is used more efficiently throughout the whole energy chain.

L-UE tinstab fuq l-għatba ta’ perjodu tal-politika tal-enerġija li qatt ma kien hawn bħalu qabel. Fil-biċċa l-kbira, is-swieq tal-enerġija sfaw protetti mill-effetti tat-taqlib fis-suq globali matul dawn l-aħħar snin u dan kien dovut għal-liberalizzazzjoni, għall-kapaċitajiet suffiċjenti tal-provvista u tal-produzzjoni u għall-kapaċitajiet adegwati tal-importazzjoni. Madankollu, għaddejjin bidliet drammatiċi. Il-prezzijiet tal-enerġija se jiġu affettwati mid-domanda kbira għal investimenti fis-settur tal-enerġija, kif ukoll mill-ipprezzar tal-karbonju u ż-żieda fil-prezzijiet tal-enerġija internazzjonali. Il-kompetittività, is-sigurtà tal-provvista u l-għanijiet klimatiċi se jkunu mhedda jekk il-grids tal-elettriku ma jiġux aġġornati, l-impjanti skaduti ma jiġux sostitwiti b’alternattivi kompetittivi u aktar nodfa u jekk l-enerġija ma tintużax mod iktar effiċjenti fil-katina kollha tal-enerġija.

Member States and industry have recognised the scale of the challenges. Secure energy supplies, an efficient use of resources, affordable prices and innovative solutions are crucial to our long-term sustainable growth, job creation and quality of life. Member States have agreed that these challenges will be tackled most effectively by policies and action at EU level, by ‘Europeanising’ energy policy. This includes directing EU funding support towards public priorities that markets fail to meet and that bring the most European value.

L-Istati Membri u l-industrija rrikonoxxew l-iskala tal-isfidi. Provvisti siguri tal-enerġija, użu effiċjenti tar-riżorsi, prezzijiet moderati u soluzzjonijiet innovattivi huma kruċjali għat-tkabbir sostenibbli fit-tul, għall-ħolqien tal-impjiegi u għall-kwalità tal-ħajja tagħna. L-Istati Membri qablu li l-aħjar mod biex jiġu ffaċċjati dawn l-isfidi huwa permezz ta’ politiki u azzjoni fil-livell tal-UE, permezz tal-“Ewropanizzazzjoni” tal-politika tal-enerġija. Dan jinkludi fondi ta’ appoġġ mill-UE indirizzati lejn prijoritajiet pubbliċi li s-swieq ma jistgħux jissodisfaw u li jrendu l-aktar valur Ewropew.

The new EU energy strategy will require significant efforts in technical innovation and investment. It will foster a dynamic and competitive market and will lead to a major strengthening of institutional arrangements to monitor and guide these developments. It will improve the security and the sustainability of energy systems, grid management, and energy market regulation. It will include extensive efforts to inform and empower domestic and business consumers, to involve them in the switch to a sustainable energy future, for example by saving energy, reducing wastage and switching to low-carbon technologies and fuels. Investments in low-carbon energy production will be further encouraged by market-based instruments such as emissions trading and taxation. The new strategy will take the first steps to prepare the EU for the greater challenges which it may well have to face already by 2020. Above all, it will ensure better leadership and coordination at the European level, both for internal action and in relations with external partners.

L-istrateġija l-ġdida tal-UE dwar l-enerġija tirrikjedi sforzi sinifikanti fl-innovazzjoni teknika u fl-investiment. Hija għandha trawwem suq dinamiku u kompetittiv u għandha twassal għal tisħiħ qawwi tal-ftehimiet istituzzjonali biex dawn l-iżviluppi jiġu mmonitorjati u ggwidati. Hija se ttejjeb is-sigurtà u s-sostenibbiltà tas-sistemi tal-enerġija, il-ġestjoni tan-netwerks u r-regolazzjoni tas-suq tal-enerġija. Se tinkludi sforzi intensivi biex il-konsumaturi domestiċi u tan-negozju jkunu infurmati u jingħataw parteċipazzjoni msaħħa, biex ikunu involuti fil-bidla lejn futur b’enerġija sostenibbli, pereżempju billi jiffrankaw l-enerġija, inaqqsu l-iskart u jaqilbu għal teknoloġiji u fjuwils b’livell baxx ta’ karbonju. L-investimenti fil-produzzjoni tal-enerġija b’livell baxx ta’ karbonju se jiġu inkoraġġiti aktar bi strumenti bbażati fuq is-suq bħan-negozjar tal-kwoti tal-emissjonijiet u t-tassazzjoni. L-istrateġija l-ġdida se tieħu l-ewwel passi biex tħejji lill-UE għall-isfidi akbar li jista’ jkun li sal-2020 diġà jkollha tħabbat wiċċha magħhom . Fuq kollox, hija se tiżgura tmexxija u koordinazzjoni aħjar fil-livell Ewropew, kemm fl-azzjoni interna u kemm fir-relazzjonijiet mal-imsieħba esterni.

The global energy system is entering a phase of rapid transition with potentially far-reaching implications that will unfold in the next decades. Europe has to act before the window of opportunity closes. Time is short. Thus, the Commission will present most of the proposals to achieve the 2020 goals in the coming 18 months. Discussion, adoption and implementation will be needed quickly. In this way, the EU will be better able to put in place the building blocks for the 2020 outcome – standards, rules, regulations, plans, projects, financial and human resources, technology markets, social expectations etc. – and prepare Europe's citizens for the challenges ahead.

Is-sistema tal-enerġija globali dieħla f’fażi ta’ tranżizzjoni rapida b’implikazzjonijiet potenzjalment b'impatt mifrux li se jiżviluppaw fl-għexieren ta’ snin li jmiss. L-Ewropa għandha taġixxi qabel ma tingħalaq it-tieqa tal-opportunitajiet. Iż-żmien huwa qasir. Għaldaqstant, il-Kummissjoni fit-18-il xahar li ġejjin se tippreżenta l-maġġoranza tal-proposti għall-ilħiq tal-miri tal-2020. Se jkun hemm bżonn li d-diskussjoni, l-adozzjoni u l-implimentazzjoni jsiru malajr. B’dan il-mod, l-UE tkun tista’ tistabbilixxi aħjar l-elementi li jwasslu għar-riżultat tal-2020 – l-istandards, ir-regoli, ir-regolamenti, il-pjanijiet, il-proġetti,

Due to the long lead in times for energy system changes, taking action today does not guarantee that the structural changes needed for the low-carbon transition will be completed in the period to 2020, which this strategy covers. It is therefore necessary to look beyond the timescale of the present strategy to ensure that the EU is well prepared for the 2050 objective of a secure, competitive and low-carbon energy system. The Commission will therefore follow up this strategy with a complete roadmap for 2050 which will set the measures covered in this paper in a longer term and consider further and complementary steps.

ir-riżorsi finanzjarji u umani, is-swieq teknoloġiċi, l-l-aspirazzjonijiet tas-soċjetà eċċ. – u tipprepara liċ-ċittadini tal-Ewropa għall-isfidi tal-futur.

[1] Article 194 of the Treaty on the functioning of the European Union (TFUE).

Minħabba t-tul ta’ żmien meħtieġ biex isiru l-bidliet fis-sistema tal-enerġija, li tittieħed azzjoni llum mhux se tiggarantixxxi li l-bidliet strutturali meħtieġa għat-tranżizzjoni lejn livell baxx ta’ karbonju jitlestew fil-perjodu sal-2020 kopert b’din l-istrateġija. Għalhekk tinħtieġ viżjoni li tmur lil hinn mill-iskeda taż-żmien tal-istrateġija attwali biex ikun żgurat li l-UE tkun ippreparata sew għall-għan tal-2050 ta’ sistema tal-enerġija kompetittiva, b'sigurtà u b’livell baxx ta’ karbonju. Għalhekk il-Kummissjoni se tagħti segwitu lil din l-istrateġija permezz ta’ pjan direzzjonali komprensiv għall-2050 li jistabbilixxi l-miżuri koperti f’dan id-dokument għal perjodu iktar fit-tul u jikkunsidra passi ulterjuri u komplementari.

[2] The European Council specified: "provided that other developed countries commit themselves to comparable emission reductions and economically more advanced developing countries to contributing adequately according to their responsibilities and respective capabilities"

[1] L-Artikolu 194 tat-Trattat dwar il-Funzjonament tal-Unjoni Ewropea (TFUE)

[3] Communication from the Commission (doc. 7110/10 of 5 March 2010).

[2] Il-Kunsill Ewropew kien speċifika: "sakemm pajjiżi żviluppati oħrajn jikkommettu ruħhom għal tnaqqis komparabbli fl-emissjonijiet u pajjiżi li qed jiżviluppaw aktar avvanzati ekonomikament li jikkontribwixxu adegwatament skont ir-responsabbiltajiet tagħhom u l-kapaċitajiet rispettivi tagħhom"

[4] As evidenced by the Commission's Energy Sector Inquiry, Communication from the Commission of 1 January 2007 Inquiry pursuant to Article 17 of Regulation (EC)No 1/2003 into the European gas and electricity sectors - COM(2006) 851 - and the high number of investigations into anti-competitive behaviour in the sector (e.g. IP/10/494 of 4 May 2010).

[3] Komunikazzjoni mill-Kummissjoni (id-dokument 7110/10 tal-5 ta’ Marzu 2010).

[5] Study of the functioning of retail electricity markets for consumers in the European Union, November 2010.

[4] Kif uriet l-Inkjesta tal-Kummissjoni dwar is-Settur tal-Enerġija, Komunikazzjoni mill-Kummissjoni tal-1 ta’ Jannar 2007 Inkjesta skont l-Artikolu 17 tar-Regolament (KE) Nru 1/2003 fis-setturi Ewropej tal-gass u tal-elettriku COM(2006) 851, u min-numru kbir ta’ investigazzjonijiet dwar l-imġiba antikompetittiva fis-settur (pereżempju IP/10/494 tal-4 ta’ Mejju 2010).

[6] ENTSO-Electricity has estimated that the EU needs to build or renew 30 000 km of network cables in the next ten years.

[5] Studju dwar il-funzjonament tas-swieq tal-konsumaturi tal-elettriku fl-Unjoni Ewropea, Novembru 2010

[7] E.g. IEA World Energy Outlooks 2009 and 2010.

[6] Skont in-Netwerk Ewropew tal-Operaturi tas-Sistemi ta’ Trażmissjoni għall-Enerġija Elettrika [ENTSO –Electricity - European Network of Transmission System Operators] huwa stmat li l- UE għandha tibni jew iġġedded 30 000 km ta’ kejbils tan-netwerk fl-għaxar snin li ġejjin.

[8] Communication on an "integrated industrial policy for the globalisation era" (COM 2010) 619

[7] Pereżempju IEA World Energy Outlooks tal-2009 u tal-2010.

[9] For example, it is estimated that electricity prices in Europe is 21% more expensive than in the United States or 197% more expensive than in China.

[8] Komunikazzjoni dwar "Politika Industrijali Integrata għall-Era tal-Globalizzazzjoni" (COM 2010) 619

[10] Issue 26, August 2010.

[9] Pereżempju, huwa stmat li l-prezzijiet tal-elettriku fl-Ewropa huma ogħla b'21 % milli fl-Istati Uniti jew b'197 % milli fiċ-Ċina.

[11] International Energy Agency World Energy Outlook 2010.

[10] Ħarġu Nru 26, Awwissu 2010.

[12] COM(2008) 772.

[11] L-Aġenzija Internazzjonali tal-Enerġija [International Energy Agency] World Energy Outlook 2010 [mhux disponibbli bil-Malti].

[13] Effort Sharing Decision No. 406/2009/EC.

[12] COM(2008) 772.

[14] Specific actions have been set out in the Digital Agenda for Europe, COM(2010)245.

[13] Id-Deċiżjoni Nru 406/2009/KE dwar il-kondiviżjoni tal-isforzi.

[15] Notably with regard to the possible cumulative effects of different market based measures

[14] Azzjonijiet speċifiċi huma ppreżentati fl-Aġenda Diġitali għall-Ewropa, COM(2010)245.

[16] Report on progress in creating the internal gas and electricity market - COM(2010) 84.

[15] Notevolment fir-rigward tal-effetti kumulattivi possibbli tal-miżuri differenti bbażati fuq is-suq

[17] After the Energy Sector Inquiry revealed manifold competition problems in the energy sector, which led to the adoption of nine major antitrust decisions, the Commission continues assessing the competitive landscape in European energy markets.

[16] Rapport dwar il-progress fil-ħolqien tas-suq intern tal-gass u l-elettriku COM(2010) 84.

[18] The European Commission has set up a smart grid task force to discuss the implementation of smart grids at the European level: http://ec.europa.eu/energy/gas_electricity/smartgrids/taskforce_en.htm.

[17] Wara li l-Inkjesta tas-Settur tal-Enerġija żvelat bosta problemi ta' kompetizzjoni fis-settur tal-enerġija, li dan imbagħad wassal għall-adozzjoni ta' disa' deċiżjonijiet kbar ta' antitrust, il-Kummissjoni qed tkompli tivvaluta l-ambjent kompetittiv fis-swieq tal-enerġija Ewropej.

[19] E.g. Baltic Energy Market, Mediterranean Ring.

[18] Il-Kummissjoni Ewropea stabbilit task force dwar in-netwerks intelliġenti biex jiddiskuti l-implimentazzjoni tan-netwerks intelliġenti fil-livell Ewropew: http://ec.europa.eu/energy/gas_electricity/smartgrids/taskforce_en.htm.

[20] An electricity target model has been developed in the context of Florence forum, in the so called Ad-Hoc Advisory Group. The guidelines and codes to implement this target model are being prepared. A target model for gas is being developed in the framework of the Madrid Forum.

[19] Pereżempju s-Suq Baltiku tal-Enerġija, iċ-Ċirku tal-Enerġija fil-Mediterran.

[21] SEC(2010)1161, 6 October 2010.

[20] Ġie żviluppat mudell ta’ mira għall-elettriku fil-kuntest tal-forum ta’ Firenze, fl-hekk imsejjaħ Grupp Konsultattiv Ad-Hoc. Il-linji gwida u l-kodiċi biex jiġi implimentat dan il-mudell fil-mira qed jiġu ppreparati. Mudell fil-mira għall-gass qed jiġi żviluppat fil-qafas tal-Forum ta’ Madrid.

[22] The revised ETS directive (2009/29/EC) foresees that 300 m ETS allowances from the New Entrants Reserve (NER) shall be available to support commercial-scale CCS and innovative RES demonstration projects in the territory of the Union.

[21] SEC(2010)1161, 6 ta' Ottubru 2010.

[23] Funding available under the current Financial Perspectives.

[22] Id-Direttiva tal-ETS riveduta (2009/29/KE) tipprevedi li għandhom ikunu disponibbli kwoti ta’ ETS ta’ 300 miljun mir-riżerva tal-installazzjonijiet li daħlu ġodda fis-suq [NER- New Entrants Reserve] biex jappoġġjaw proġetti ta’ wiri fuq skala kummerċjali għall-ġbir u l-ħżin tal-Karbonju [CCS] u ta’ enerġiji rinnovabbli innovattivi [RES] fit-territorju tal-Unjoni.

[24] See footnote 23.

[23] Finanzjament disponibbli skont il-Perspettivi Finanzjarji attwali.

[25] See footnote 23.

[24] Ara n-nota ta' qiegħ il-paġna nru 23.

[26] Non-OECD countries could account for all the projected growth in CO2 emissions by 2030; however, ensuring universal access to modern energy services for all only mean a rise of 0.8% of CO2 emissions, IEA World Energy Outlook 2009 and special early excerpt of the IEA WEO 2010 for the Millenium Development Goals Summit.

[25] Ara n-nota ta' qiegħ il-paġna nru 23.

[27] The Energy Community Treaty is promoting market integration but also acquis transposition and implementation in the Western Balkans and is extending the EU internal energy market to South East Europe. This is not only a framework of cooperation but a legally binding instrument to prepare accession to the EU. Other parties are joining the Energy Community Treaty: Moldova is already a member; Ukraine and Turkey are in the process of joining.

[26] Il-pajjiżi li mhumiex pajjiżi OECD jistgħu jikkostitwixxu l-ammont kollu taż-żieda prevista fl-emissjonijiet CO2 sal-2030; madankollu, li jkun żgurat l-aċċess universali għas-servizzi moderni tal-enerġija għal kulħadd ikun ifisser biss żieda ta' 0,8 % tal-emissjonijiet CO2, IEA World Energy Outlook 2009 u silta speċjali bikrija mill-IEA WEO 2010 għas-Samit għall-Għanijiet ta' Żvilupp tal-Millennju.

[28] European Security Strategy adopted by the European Council in December 2003.

[27] It-Trattat dwar il-Komunità tal-Enerġija qed jippromwovi l-integrazzjoni tas-suq iżda wkoll it-traspożizzjoni tal- acquis u u l-implimentazzjoni tagħha fil-Balkani tal-Punent u qed jestendi s-suq tal-enerġija interna tal-UE lejn l-Ewropa tax-Xlokk. Dan mhux biss qafas ta' kooperazzjoni iżda wkoll strument legalment vinkolanti għat-tħejjija tal-adeżjoni mal-UE. Partijiet oħrajn qed jissieħbu fit-Trattat tal-Komunità tal-Enerġija: Il-Moldova hija diġà membru: L-Ukraina u t-Turkija jinsabu fil-proċess biex jissieħbu.

[28] Strateġija Ewropea ta’ Sigurtà adottata mill-Kunsill Ewropew f’Diċembru 2003.