[pic] | COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES |

Brussell, 22.11.2005

Brussels, 22.11.2005

COM(2005) 596 finali

COM(2005) 596 final

KOMUNIKAZZJONI MILL-KUMMISSJONI LILL-KUNSILL, LILL-PARLAMENT EWROPEW, LILL-KUMITAT EKONOMIKU U SOĊJALI U LILL-KUMITAT TAR-REĠJUNI

COMMUNICATION FROM THE COMMISSION TO THE COUNCIL, THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT, THE EUROPEAN ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COMMITTEE AND THE COMMITTEE OF THE REGIONS

Strateġija ta’ Qafas Ġdida għall-multilingwiżmu

A New Framework Strategy for Multilingualism

KOMUNIKAZZJONI MILL-KUMMISSJONI LILL-KUNSILL, LILL-PARLAMENT EWROPEW, LILL-KUMITAT EKONOMIKU U SOĊJALI U LILL-KUMITAT TAR-REĠJUNI

COMMUNICATION FROM THE COMMISSION TO THE COUNCIL, THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT, THE EUROPEAN ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COMMITTEE AND THE COMMITTEE OF THE REGIONS

Strateġija ta’ Qafas Ġdida għall-multilingwiżmu

A New Framework Strategy for Multilingualism

Koľko jazykov vieš, toľkokrát si človekom.

Koľko jazykov vieš, toľkokrát si človekom.

Aktar ma taf lingwi, aktar int nies.

The more languages you know, the more of a person you are.

(qawl Slovakk)

(Slovak proverb)

I L-INTRODUZZJONI

I INTRODUCTION

Għall-ewwel darba, il-portafoll ta’ Kummissarju Ewropew espliċitament jinkludi r-responsabilità għall-multilingwiżmu. Dan id-dokument huwa l-ewwel Komunikazzjoni tal-Kummissjoni li jistħarreġ dan il-qasam politiku. Hija tikkumplementa l-inizjattiva kurrenti tal-Kummissjoni għat-titjib tal-komunikazzjoni bejn iċ-ċittadini Ewropej u l-istituzzjonijiet li jservuhom. Hija wkoll:

For the first time, the portfolio of a European Commissioner explicitly includes responsibility for multilingualism. This document is the first Commission Communication to explore this policy area. It complements the Commission’s current initiative to improve communication between European citizens and the institutions that serve them. It also:

- tafferma mill-ġdid l-impenn tal-Kummissjoni għall-multilingwiżmu fl-Unjoni Ewropea;

- reaffirms the Commission’s commitment to multilingualism in the European Union;

- tistabbilixxi l-istrateġija tal-Kummissjoni għall-promozzjoni tal-multilingwiżmu fis-soċjetà Ewropea, fl-ekonomija u fil-Kummissjoni nnifisha; u

- sets out the Commission’s strategy for promoting multilingualism in European society, in the economy and in the Commission itself; and

- tipproponi numru ta’ azzjonijiet speċifiċi li joħorġu minn dan il-qafas strateġiku.

- proposes a number of specific actions stemming from this strategic framework.

I.1. Il-mutilingwiżmu u l-valuri Ewropej

I.1 MULTILINGUALISM AND EUROPEAN VALUES

L-Unjoni Ewropea hija mwaqqfa fuq ‘l-unità fid-diversità’: id-diversità tal-kulturi, tad-drawwiet u tat-twemmin – u tal-lingwi. Minbarra l-20[1] lingwa uffiċjali ta’ l-Unjoni, hemm madwar 60 lingwa indiġena oħra u għexieren ta’ lingwi mhux indiġeni mitkellma minn komunitajiet ta’ migranti.[2]

The European Union is founded on ‘unity in diversity’: diversity of cultures, customs and beliefs - and of languages. Besides the 20[1] official languages of the Union, there are 60 or so other indigenous languages and scores of non-indigenous languages spoken by migrant communities.[2]

Hija din id-diversità li tikkaratterizza l-Unjoni Ewropea: mhix ‘borma’ li fiha jinħallu d-differenzi u kollox jispiċċa bl-istess togħma, imma dar komuni fejn id-diversità hija ċċelebrata, u fejn il-ħafna ilsna ta’ art twelidna huma għejun ta’ għana u pontijiet għal solidarjetà akbar u ftehim reċiproku.

It is this diversity that makes the European Union what it is: not a ‘melting pot’ in which differences are rendered down, but a common home in which diversity is celebrated, and where our many mother tongues are a source of wealth and a bridge to greater solidarity and mutual understanding.

Il-lingwa hija l-espressjoni diretta tal-kultura; hija dik li tagħmilna bnedmin u li tagħti lil kull wieħed minna sens ta’ identità. L-Artikolu 22 tal-Karta tad-Drittijiet Fundamentali ta’ l-Unjoni Ewropea[3] tgħid li l-Unjoni għandha tirrispetta d-diversità kulturali, reliġjuża u lingwistika. L-Artikolu 21 jipprojbixxi d-diskriminazzjoni bbażata fuq numru ta’ raġunijiet, inkluż il-lingwa. Flimkien mar-rispett għall-individwu, id-disponibilità lejn kulturi oħra, it-tolleranza u l-aċċettazzjoni ta’ ħaddieħor, ir-rispett għad-diversità lingwistika huwa valur ċentrali ta’ l-Unjoni Ewropea[4]. Għalhekk l-azzjoni mill-Unjoni u mill-Istati Membri biex iseddqu l-multilingwiżmu għandha impatt dirett fuq ħajjet kull ċittadin.

Language is the most direct expression of culture; it is what makes us human and what gives each of us a sense of identity. Article 22 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union[3] states that the Union shall respect cultural, religious and linguistic diversity. Article 21 prohibits discrimination based on a number of grounds, including language. Together with respect for the individual, openness towards other cultures, tolerance and acceptance of others, respect for linguistic diversity is a core value of the European Union[4]. Action by the Union and the Member States to uphold multilingualism therefore has a direct impact on the life of every citizen.

I.2. X’inhu l-multilingwiżmu?

I.2 What is multilingualism?

Il-multilingwiżmu jirriferi kemm għall-abilità ta’ persuna li tuża diversi lingwi u l-koeżistenza ta’ komunitajiet differenti tal-lingwa f’żona ġeografika waħda. F’dan id-dokument, il-kelma tintuża biex tiddeskrivi l-qasam ġdid tal-politika tal-Komunità li tippromwovi klima li twassal għall-espressjoni sħiħa tal-lingwi kollha, fejn it-tagħlim ta’ varjetà ta’ lingwi jista’ jaqbad u jirnexxi.

Multilingualism refers to both a person’s ability to use several languages and the co-existence of different language communities in one geographical area. In this document, the term is used to describe the new field of Commission policy that promotes a climate that is conducive to the full expression of all languages, in which the teaching and learning of a variety of languages can flourish.

Il-politika tal-multilingwiżmu tal-Kummissjoni għandha tliet għanijiet:

The Commission’s multilingualism policy has three aims:

- tikkoraġġixxi t-tagħlim tal-lingwa u titmexxa ’l quddiem id-diversità lingwistika fis-soċjetà;

- to encourage language learning and promoting linguistic diversity in society;

- titmexxa ’l quddiem ekonomija b’saħħitha multilingwi, u

- to promote a healthy multilingual economy, and

- li ċ-ċittadini jingħataw aċċess għal-leġiżlazzjoni, il-proċeduri u l-informazzjoni ta’ l-Unjoni Ewropea fil-lingwi tagħhom stess.

- to give citizens access to European Union legislation, procedures and information in their own languages.

Ir-responsabilità biex ikun hemm aktar progress taqa’ fuq l-Istati Membri (fil-livell kemm nazzjonali, reġjonali jew lokali), imma l-Kummissjoni se tagħmel ukoll dak kollu fil-mandat tagħha biex issaħħaħ l-għarfien tal-multilingwiżmu u biex tittejjeb il-konsistenza ta’ l-azzjoni meħuda f’livelli differenti.

Responsibility for making further progress mainly rests with Member States (be it at national, regional or local level), but the Commission will also do all within its remit to reinforce awareness of multilingualism and to improve the consistency of action taken at different levels.

II IS-SOĊJETÀ MULTILINGWI

II A MULTILINGUAL SOCIETY

II.1. It-tagħlim tal-lingwa

II.1 Language learning

II.1.1 Ħiliet fil-lingwa

II.1.1 Language skills

L-abilità li wieħed jifhem u jikkomunika b’aktar minn lingwa waħda – hija diġà realtà għall-maġġoranza tan-nies fid-dinja kollha – ħila fil-ħajja li hija mixtieqa għaċ-ċittadini kollha Ewropej. Tinkoraġġina nsiru aktar miftuħin għall-kulturi u l-veduti ta’ nies oħrajn[5], ittejjeb il-ħiliet konjittivi u ssaħħaħ il-ħiliet fil-lingwa ta’ art twelid min qed jitgħallem; tħalli lin-nies jieħdu vantaġġ mil-libertà li jaħdmu u jistudjaw fi Stat Membru ieħor.

The ability to understand and communicate in more than one language – already a daily reality for the majority of people across the globe - is a desirable life-skill for all European citizens. It encourages us to become more open to other people’s cultures and outlooks[5], improves cognitive skills and strengthens learners’ mother tongue skills; it enables people to take advantage of the freedom to work or study in another Member State.

F’Marzu ta’ l-2002, il-Kapijiet ta’ l-Istat jew tal-Gvern ta’ l-Unjoni Ewropea li ltaqgħu f’Barċellona[6] appellaw biex mill-anqas ikunu mgħallma żewġ lingwi barranin minn età żgħira ħafna . L-għan fit-tul tal-Kummissjoni huwa li jiżdied il-multilingwiżmu individwali sakemm kull ċittadin ikollu ħiliet prattiċi f’mill-anqas żewġ lingwi flimkien ma’ ilsien twelidu jew twelidha.[7]

In March 2002, the Heads of State or Government of the European Union meeting in Barcelona[6] called for at least two foreign languages to be taught from a very early age . The Commission’s long-term objective is to increase individual multilingualism until every citizen has practical skills in at least two languages in addition to his or her mother tongue.[7]

Kif juri stħarriġ riċenti ta’ l-Ewrobarometru [8] nofs iċ-ċittadini ta’ l-Unjoni Ewropea jgħidu li jistgħu jitħaddtu f’mill-anqas lingwa oħra barra ilsien twelidhom. Il-perċentwali jvarjaw fost il-pajjiżi u l-gruppi soċjali: 99% tal-Lussemburgiżi, 93% tal-Latvjani u l-Maltin, u 90% tal-Litwani jafu mill-anqas lingwa oħra barra ilsien twelidhom, waqt li maġġoranza konsiderevoli fl-Ungerija (71%), ir-Renju Unit (70%), Spanja, l-Italja u l-Portugall (64% kull wieħed) jafu sew ilsien art twelidhom biss . Iktar hemm il-possibilità li jitkellmu lingwa barranija l-irġiel, iż-żgħażagħ u minn joqgħod fl-ibliet milli n-nisa, l-anzjani u n-nies tal-kampanja, rispettivament.

As a recent Eurobarometer survey shows[8] half of the citizens of the European Union state that they can hold a conversation in at least one language other than their mother tongue. The percentages vary between countries and social groups: 99% of Luxemburgers, 93% of Latvians and Maltese, and 90% of Lithuanians know at least one language other than their mother tongue, whereas a considerable majority in Hungary (71%), the UK (70%), Spain, Italy and Portugal (64% each) master only their mother tongue. Men, young people and city dwellers are more likely to speak a foreign language than women, old people and rural inhabitants, respectively.

Il-perċentwali ta’ studenti ta’ l-iskola primarja li qed jitgħallmu lingwa barranija qed jiżdied.[9]Iżda, in-numru medju ta’ lingwi mgħallma fi skejjel sekondarji għadu kemmxejn ’il bogħod mill-mira stabbilita f’Barċellona. Barra minn dan, hemm tendenza li qed tikber li ‘t-tagħlim ta’ lingwa barranija’ jfisser sempliċiment ‘titgħallem l-Ingliż’ ; il-Kummissjoni diġà indikat li ‘l-Ingliż mhux biżżejjed’.[10]

The percentage of primary school pupils learning a foreign language is increasing.[9]However, the average number of foreign languages taught in secondary schools is still some way from the target set in Barcelona. Furthermore, there is a growing tendency for ‘foreign language learning’ to mean simply ‘learning English’; the Commission has already pointed out that ‘English is not enough’.[10]

II.1.2 Kif tgħin il-Komunità fl-iżvilupp ta’ ħiliet lingwistiċi u fil-promozzjoni tad-diversità lingwisitika?

II.1.2 How does the Community help to develop language skills and promote linguistic diversity?

Fl-2003,[11]il-Kummissjoni impenjat ruħha li twettaq 45 azzjoni ġdida biex tinkoraġġixxi l-awtoritajiet nazzjonali, reġjonali u lokali biex jaħdmu wkoll għal ‘pass ewlieni ta’ bidla fil-promozzjoni tat-tagħlim tal-lingwa u d-diversità lingwistika’. Dawn l-azzjonijiet jikkumplementaw il-ħafna forom oħra ta’ appoġġ mogħtija mill-Kummissjoni għal ħafna snin, ibda mill-programm pijunier LINGUA fl-1990. Hija investiet ’il fuq minn €30 miljun fis-sena permezz tal-programmi Socrates u Leonardo da Vinci fi: boroż ta’ studju biex għalliema tal-lingwi jkunu jistgħu jitħarrġu barra, it-tqegħid ta’ assistenti tal-lingwa barranin fi skejjel, il-finanzjament ta’ skambji ta’ klassijiet biex ikunu mmotivati l-istudenti biex jitgħallmu l-lingwi, il-ħolqien ta’ korsijiet ġodda tal-lingwa fuq is-CDs u l-Internet u proġetti li jkabbru l-għarfien tal-benefiċċji tat-tagħlim tal-lingwa. Permezz ta’ studji strateġiċi, il-Kummissjoni tippromwovi d-dibattitu, l-innovazzjoni u l-iskambju ta’ prattika tajba.[12]Barra minn dan, l-azzjonijiet ewlenin tal-programmi tal-Komunità li jinkoraġġixxu l-mobilità u s-sħubiji transnazzjonali jimmotivaw lill-parteċipanti biex jitgħallmu l-lingwi.

In 2003,[11]the Commission committed itself to undertake 45 new actions to encourage national, regional and local authorities also to work for ‘a major step change in promoting language learning and linguistic diversity’. These actions complement the many other forms of support given by the Commission for many years, beginning with the pioneering LINGUA programme in 1990. It has invested over €30 million a year through the Socrates and Leonardo da Vinci programmes in: bursaries to enable language teachers to be trained abroad, placing foreign language assistants in schools, funding class exchanges to motivate pupils to learn languages, creating new language courses on CDs and the Internet and projects that raise awareness of the benefits of language learning. Through strategic studies, the Commission promotes debate, innovation and the exchange of good practice.[12]In addition, the mainstream actions of Community programmes which encourage mobility and transnational partnerships motivate participants to learn languages.

L-iskambji taż-żgħażagħ, il-proġetti ta’ ġemellaġġ ta’ l-ibliet u s-Servizz Volontarju Ewropew jippromwovu wkoll il-multilingwiżmu. Mill-1997, il-programm Culture (Kultura) iffinanzja t-traduzzjoni ta’ madwar 2 000 xogħol letterarju minn u għal-lingwi Ewropej.

Youth exchanges, town twinning projects and the European Voluntary Service also promote multilingualism. Since 1997, the Culture programme has financed the translation of around 2 000 literary works from and into European languages.

Il-programmi ġodda proposti għall-implimentazzjoni mill-2007 ( Culture 2007 , Youth in Action u Lifelong Learning ) (Kultura 2007 , Iż-Żgħażagħ fl-Azzjoni u t-Tagħlim matul il-Ħajja kollha) se jkomplu u jiżviluppaw dan it-tip ta’ appoġġ.

The new programmes proposed for implementation from 2007 ( Culture 2007 , Youth in Action and Lifelong Learning ) will continue and develop this kind of support.

Barra minn dan, il-Komunità tipprovdi l-appoġġ finanzjarju ewlieni lill-Uffiċċju Ewropew għal-Lingwi Użati Anqas[13] (organizzazzjoni mhux governattiva li tirrappreżenta l-interessi ta’ ’l fuq minn 40 miljun ċittadin li jiffurmawparti minn komunità ta’ lingwa reġjonali u minoritarja), u għan-netwerks Mercador[14] ta’ universitajiet attivi fir-riċerka dwar lingwi użati anqas fl-Ewropa. Wara talba mill-Parlament Ewropew, il-Kummissjoni fl-2004 nediet studju ta’ fattibilità fuq il-ħolqien possibbli ta’ Aġenzija Ewropea għat-Tagħlim tal-Lingwi u d-Diversità Lingwistika. L-istudju[15] jikkonkludi li hemm bżonnijiet li m’humiex mħarsa f’dan il-qasam, u jipproponi żewġ għażliet: il-ħolqien ta’ aġenzija jew it-twaqqif ta’ netwerk Ewropew ta’ “Ċentri ta’ Diversità tal-Lingwa”. Il-Kummissjoni temmen li netwerk għandu jkun l-aktar pass xieraq u, fejn possibbli, għandu jibni fuq strutturi eżistenti; se teżamina l-possibilità li jkun iffinanzjat fuq bażi multi-annwali permezz tal-programm Lifelong Learning (Tagħlim matul il-Ħajja).

In addition, the Community provides the main financial support to the European Bureau for Lesser-Used Languages[13] (a non-governmental organisation which represents the interests of the over 40 million citizens who belong to a regional and minority language community), and for the Mercator networks[14] of universities active in research on lesser-used languages in Europe. Following a request from the European Parliament, the Commission in 2004 launched a feasibility study on the possible creation of a European Agency for Language Learning and Linguistic Diversity. The study[15] concludes that there are unmet needs in this field, and proposes two options: creating an agency or setting up a European network of “Language Diversity Centres”. The Commission believes that a network would be the most appropriate next step and, where possible, should build on existing structures; it will examine the possibility of financing it on a multi-annual basis through the proposed Lifelong Learning programme.

II.1.3 L-oqsma ewlenin għall-azzjoni fis-sistemi u l-prattiċi ta’ l-edukazzjoni

II.1.3 Key areas for action in education systems and practices

L-Istati Membri ftehmu f’Liżbona fl-2000 li jistabbilixxu suq intern effettiv, biex ir-riċerka u l-innovazzjoni jingħataw spinta u biex tittejjeb l-edukazzjoni biex l-Unjoni Ewropea ssir “l-ekonomija l-aktar dinamika u kompetittiva fid-dinja bbażata fuq l-għarfien” sa l-2010. Dan kien sottolineat ulterjorment fil-Komunikazzjoni tal-Kummissjoni 'Naħdmu flimkien għat-Tkabbir u l-Impjiegi – bidu ġdid għall-Istrateġija ta’ Liżbona[16] u l-Linji ta’ Gwida Integrati għat-Tkabbir u l-Impjiegi (2005-2008).[17] Permezz tal-proċess ta’ l-‘Edukazzjoni u t-Taħriġ 2010’, ftehmu oġġettivi komuni li jaħdmu għalihom billi jistabbilixxu indikaturi u punti ta’ riferiment, jaqsmu l-prattika tajba u jwettqu valutazzjonijiet bejn il-kollegi. Huma identifikaw it-titjib tal-ħiliet tal-lingwa bħala prijorità, u Grupp ta’ esperti nazzjonali fuq il-lingwi[18] għamel rakkomandazzjonijiet lill-Istati Membri[19] li nebbħu wħud mill-proposti dwar oqsma ewlenin għall-azzjoni.

The Member States agreed in Lisbon in 2000 to establish an effective internal market, to boost research and innovation and to improve education to make the European Union “the most dynamic and competitive knowledge-based economy in the world” by 2010. This was further underlined in the Commission Communication ‘Working together for Growth and Jobs – a new start for the Lisbon strategy’[16] and the Integrated Guidelines for Growth and Jobs (2005 – 2008).[17] Through the ‘Education and Training 2010’ process, Member States agree common objectives towards which they work by setting indicators and benchmarks, sharing good practice and undertaking peer reviews. They have identified the improvement of language skills as a priority, and a Group of national experts on languages[18] has produced recommendations to Member States[19] which have inspired some of the following proposals concerning key areas for action.

L-istrateġiji nazzjonali

National strategies

L-esperti identifikaw bżonn għall-pjanijiet nazzjonali biex jagħtu koerenza u direzzjoni għall-azzjonijiet biex jippromwovu l-multilingwiżmu fost l-individwi u fis-soċjetà b’mod ġenerali. Dawn il-pjanijiet għandhom jistabbilixxu oġġettivi ċari għat-tagħlim tal-lingwa fid-diversi stadji ta’ l-edukazzjoni u jkunu akkumpanjati minn sforz sostnut biex jgħollu l-għarfien ta’ l-importanza tad-diversità lingwistika. It-tagħlim ta’ lingwi reġjonali u minoritarji għandu jitqies wkoll kif xieraq, bl-istess mod kif għandhom jitqiesu l-opportunitajiet għall-immigranti sabiex jitgħallmu l-lingwa tal-pajjiż li qiegħed jilqagħhom (u t-tagħlim ta' lingwi ta' l-immigranti).

Experts have identified a need for national plans to give coherence and direction to actions to promote multilingualism amongst individuals and in society generally. These plans should establish clear objectives for language teaching at the various stages of education and be accompanied by a sustained effort to raise awareness of the importance of linguistic diversity. The teaching of regional and minority languages should also be taken into account as appropriate, as should opportunities for migrants to learn the language of the host country (and the teaching of migrant languages).

Taħriġ aħjar għall-għalliema

Better teacher training

Il-kurrikuli u l-istrutturi għat-taħriġ ta’ l-għalliema ta’ lingwa barranija għandhom jirrispondu għad-domandi li qed jinbidlu dwar il-ħiliet fil-lingwa li għandhom jiksbu l-istudenti żgħar u kbar. Il-Kummissjoni ffinanzjat studju ġdid u indipendenti li jieħu mill-prattika tajba fl-Ewropa kollha[20] li ppropona element ċentrali komuni ta’ kompetenzi u valuri għall-għalliema tal-lingwi fl-Ewropa. Il-Kummissjoni se tiffaċilita dibattitu fuq din il-kwistjoni, li twassal għal Rakkomandazzjoni.

The curricula and structures for training teachers of a foreign language need to respond to changing demands about the language skills that pupils and students should acquire. The Commission has funded a new, independent study drawing on good practice from across Europe[20] which has proposed a common core of competencies and values for language teachers in Europe. The Commission will facilitate a debate on this issue, leading to a Recommendation.

It-tagħlim tal-lingwa minn kmieni

Early language learning

Fil-biċċa l-kbira tal-pajjiżi nofs l-istudenti ta’ l-iskola primarja issa qed jitgħallmu lingwa barranija.[21]Iżda, kif il-Kummissjoni ċċarat qabel[22] , ikun hemm il-vantaġġi tat-tagħlim minn kmieni biss meta l-għalliema jkunu mħarrġa b’mod speċifiku biex jgħallmu l-lingwi lit-tfal żgħar ħafna, meta l-klassijiet ikunu żgħar biżżejjed, meta jkunu disponibbli l-materjali xierqa tat-taħriġ, u meta jingħata biżżejjed ħin mill-kurrikulu għal-lingwi.

In most countries at least half of all primary school pupils now learn a foreign language.[21]However, as the Commission has previously[22] made clear, the advantages of the early learning of languages only accrue where teachers are trained specifically to teach languages to very young children, where class sizes are small enough, where appropriate training materials are available, and where enough curriculum time is devoted to languages.

It-tagħlim integrat tal-kontenut u l-lingwa

Content and language integrated learning

Konferenza riċenti organizzata mill-Presidenza tal-Lussemburgu ta’ l-Unjoni Ewropea ddiskutiet l-iżviluppi fit-Tagħlim Integrat tal-Kontenut u l-Lingwa (CLIL) fejn l-istudenti jitgħallmu suġġett permezz ta’ lingwa barranija. Dan il-metodu qed jintuża dejjem aktar fl-Ewropa kollha u jipprovdi opportunitajiet akbar fil-kurrikulu ta’ l-iskola għat-tlaqqigħ mal-lingwi barranin.

A recent conference organised by the Luxembourg Presidency of the European Union discussed developments in Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) in which pupils learn a subject through the medium of a foreign language. This approach is being used increasingly across Europe and provides greater opportunities within the school curriculum for exposure to foreign languages.

Il-lingwi fl-edukazzjoni ogħla

Languages in higher education

L-istituzzjonijiet ta’ edukazzjoni ogħla jistgħu jkollhom sehem aktar attiv fil-promozzjoni tal-multilingwiżmu fost l-istudenti u l-persunal, imma wkoll fil-komunità lokali b’mod aktar wiesa’. Hemm bżonn li jkun rikonoxxut li t-tendeza fil-pajjiżi li ma jitkellmux bl-Ingliż lejn it-tagħlim permezz ta’ l-Ingliż, minflok bil-lingwa nazzjonali jew reġjonali, jista’ jkollu konsegwenzi mhux previsti għall-vitalità ta’ dawk il-lingwi. Il-Kummissjoni fi ħsiebha tistudja dalwaqt dan il-fenomenu f’aktar dettall.

Higher education institutions could play a more active role in promoting multilingualism amongst students and staff, but also in the wider local community. It needs to be recognised that the trend in non-English-speaking countries towards teaching through the medium of English, instead of through the national or regional language, may have unforeseen consequences for the vitality of those languages. The Commission intends to study this phenomenon in more detail shortly.

L-iżvilupp tal-qasam akkademiku tal-multilingwiżmu

Developing the academic field of multilingualism

Matul dawn l-aħħar snin, numru ta’ universitajiet introduċew kattedri fl-oqsma ta’ l-istudju relatat mal-multilingwiżmu u l-interkulturaliżmu fis-soċjetà Ewropea. L-appoġġ kurrenti tal-Kummissjoni għar-riċerka fid-diversità lingwistika tista’ tkun ikkumplimetata b’netwerk s ta’ eċċellenza u studji li jwasslu għal dottorat dwar il-multilingwiżmu f’soċjetà Ewropea, fuq il-linji ta’ l-azzjoni ta’ Jean Monnet li kienet ta’ suċċess.

Over the past few years, a number of universities have introduced chairs in fields of study related to multilingualism and interculturalism in European society. Current Commission support for research into linguistic diversity could be complemented by networks of such Chairs, along the lines of the successful Jean Monnet action.

L-Indikatur Ewropew tal-Kompetenza fil-Lingwa

European Indicator of Language Competence

Ix-xogħol fuq l-Indikatur Ewropew tal-Kompetenza fil-Lingwa, li huwa s-suġġett ta’ Komunikazzjoni riċenti,[23]huwa diġà avvanzat sew; se jiġbor data affidabbli dwar il-ħiliet attwali f’lingwa barranija taż-żgħażagħ u se jipprovdi informazzjoni imprezzabbli lil min ifassal il-politika.

Work on the European Indicator of Language Competence , which is the subject of a recent Communication,[23]is already well advanced; it will gather reliable data about the actual foreign language skills of young people and supply invaluable information to policy-makers.

II.2. Ir-riċerka u l-iżvilupp fil-multilingwiżmu

II.2 Research and development in multilingualism

Il-programmi ta’ riċerka ta’ l-UE, jindirizzaw il-multilingwiżmu f’żewġ oqsma b’mod partikolari li fihom jinvestu madwar €20 miljun kull sena. Il-programm tat-Teknoloġiji tas-Soċjetà ta’ l-Informazzjoni, jinkludi riċerka biex jingħelbua l-barrieri lingwistiċi permezz ta’ teknoloġiji ta’ l-informazzjoni u l-komunikazzjoni ġodda bħal:

The EU research programmes addresses multilingualism in two areas in particular, in which they invest around €20 million per annum. The Information Society Technologies programme includes research to overcome language barriers through new information and communication technologies, such as:

- għodod tal-produttività għat-tradutturi (memorji tat-traduzzjoni, dizzjunarji on-line u teżawri);

- productivity tools for translators (translation memories, on-line dictionaries and thesauri);

- sistemi ta’ traduzzjoni semi-awtomatiċi interattivi għat-traduzzjoni mgħaġġla u ta’ kwalità għolja ta’ testi f’oqsma speċifiċi;

- interactive semi-automatic translation systems for fast, high-quality translation of texts in specific fields;

- sistemi awtomatiċi kollha għat-traduzzjoni ta’ kwalità baxxa sa medja;

- fully automatic systems for translations of low-to-medium quality; and

- u għarfien u sinteżi tad-diskors artifiċjali, djalogu u traduzzjoni.

- artificial speech recognition and synthesis, dialogue and translation.

Ix-xjenzi soċjali u l-programm ta’ riċerka fl-umanistika jappoġġja riċerka dwar kwistjonijiet tal-lingwa fir-rigward ta' l-inklużjoni u l-esklużjoni soċjali, l-identità, il-parteċipazzjoni politika, id-diversità kulturali u l-ftehim interkulturali. Dan jinkludi kwistjonijiet ta’ diversità kulturali, lingwi minoritarji u reġjonali, u kwistjonijiet tal-lingwa għall-immigranti u l-minoranzi etniċi.

The social sciences and humanities research programme supports research on language issues in relation to social inclusion and exclusion, identity, political participation, cultural diversity and cross-cultural understanding. This includes questions of linguistic diversity, minority and regional languages, and language issues for migrants and ethnic minorities.

II.3. L-azzjoni għal soċjetà multilingwi

II.3 Action for a multilingual society

Il-Kummissjoni se: timplimenta, f’kooperazzjoni ma’ l-Istati Membri, l-Indikatur Ewropew tal-Kompetenza fil-Lingwa; tippromwovi diskussjoni u tipproduċi rakkomandazzjoni fuq mezzi biex tkun aġġornata l-edukazzjoni ta’ l-għalliema tal-lingwi; tippubblika studju ta’ l-aħjar prattika fit-tagħlim minn kmieni tal-lingwa fl-2006; tipprovdi appoġġ permezz tal-Programm għat-Tagħlim matul il-Ħajja għal studji fuq l-istat tal-multilingwiżmu fl-edukazzjoni ogħla u l-ħolqien ta' kattedri fl-oqsma ta’ l-istudju relatati mal-multilingwiżmu u l-interkulturaliżmu; tkompli tappoġġa t-tagħlim tal-lingwi permezz tal-programmi ta’ kooperazzjoni tagħha fil-qasam ta’ l-edukazzjoni, it-taħriġ, iż-żgħażagħ, iċ-ċittadinanza u l-kultura; tinvestiga mezzi ta’ appoġġ tan-netwerks ta’ diversità lingwistika permezz tal-programm il-ġdid integrat Tagħlim matul il-Ħajja. issaħħaħ fis-7 Programm ta’ Qafas għar-Riċerka l-attivitajiet ta’ żvilupp tar-riċerka u t-teknoloġija dwar teknoloġiji tas-soċjetà informatika relatati mal-lingwa, b’enfasi speċifika dwar teknoloġiji ġodda għat-traduzzjoni bil-magni, u tistudja l-modi li bihom l-Unjoni Ewropea tista' tinkoraġġixxi kooperazzjoni ulterjuri f'teknoloġiji ġodda għat-traduzzjoni u l-interpretazzjoni. Fl-istess qafas, il-kwistjonijiet lingwistiċi se jifformaw parti integrali ta’ l-attivitajiet sostnuti fl-oqsma tax-xjenzi soċjali u ta' l-umanitajiet. |

The Commission will: implement, in cooperation with Member States, the European Indicator of Language Competence; promote discussion and produce a recommendation on ways of bringing language teacher education up to date; publish a study of best practice in early language learning in 2006; provide support through the proposed Lifelong Learning Programme for studies on the state of multilingualism in higher education and the creation of chairs in fields of study related to multilingualism and interculturalism; continue to support the teaching and learning of languages through its cooperation programmes in the field of education, training, youth, citizenship and culture; investigate ways of supporting language diversity networks through the new integrated Lifelong Learning programme; and reinforce in the 7th Framework Research Programme the research and technological development activities on language-related information society technologies, with a specific focus on new technologies for machine translation, and study the ways in which the European Union could encourage further cooperation in new translation and interpretation technologies. In the same framework, linguistic issues will form an integral part of the activities supported in the fields of social sciences and humanities. |

L-Istati Membri huma mistiedna li: jistabbilixxu pjanijiet nazzjonali biex jagħtu struttura, koerenza u direzzjoni lill-azzjonijiet għall-promozzjoni tal-multilingwiżmu, inkluż iż-żieda fl-użu u l-preżenza ta’ varjetà tal-lingwi fil-ħajja ta’ kuljum;[24] jirrevedu l-arranġamenti attwali għat-taħriġ ta’ l-għalliema tal-lingwi barranin fid-dawl tar-riżultati ta’ l-istudju “Profil Ewropew għall-Edukazzjoni ta’ l-Għalliema tal-Lingwi’;[25] jirrevedu l-arranġamenti attwali tagħhom għat-tagħlim minn kmieni tal-lingwa fid-dawl ta’ l-aħjar prattika mill-Ewropa kollha; u jimplimentaw il-Konklużjonijiet tal-Presidenza tal-Lussemburgu dwar it-Tagħlim Integrat tal-Kontenut u l-Lingwa, inkluż li jikber l-għarfien tal-benefiċċji ta’ dan il-metodu, l-iskambju ta’ l-informazzjoni u l-evidenza xjentifika dwar prattika tajba tas-CLIL u taħriġ speċifiku tas-CLIL għall-għalliema. |

Member States are invited to: establish national plans to give structure, coherence and direction to actions to promote multilingualism, including increasing the use and presence of a variety of languages in daily life;[24] review their current arrangements for foreign language teacher training in the light of the findings of the study ‘European Profile for Language Teacher Education’;[25] review their current arrangements for early language learning in the light of best practice from across Europe; and implement the Conclusions of the Luxembourg Presidency concerning Content and Language Integrated Learning, including raising awareness of the benefits of this approach, exchanging information and scientific evidence on good CLIL practice and specific CLIL training for teachers. |

- III L-EKONOMIJA MULTILINGWI

- III THE MULTILINGUAL ECONOMY

III.1. Il-kontribuzzjoni tal-ħiliet fil-lingwa għall-kompetittività ta’ l-ekonomija ta’ l-UE

III.1 The contribution of language skills to the competitiveness of the EU economy

L-Unjoni Ewropea hija ekonomija kompetittiva żviluppata ħafna. Il-ħiliet ta’ komunikazzjoni interkulturali qed jassumu rwol dejjem akbar fl-istrateġiji tal-kummerċjalizzazzjoni globali u tal-bejgħ. Biex ikollhom kummerċ ma’ kumpaniji fi Stati Membri oħra, in-negozji Ewropej jeħtieġu ħiliet fil-lingwi ta’ l-Unjoni Ewropea kif ukoll fil-lingwi ta’ l-imsieħba tal-kummerċ tagħna madwar id-dinja. Dan jgħodd partikolarment għall-kumpaniji ta’ daqs medju, li qegħdin fi tkabbir mgħaġġel u qed joħolqu l-impjiegi, li huma l-ispinta ewlenija għall-innovazzjoni, l-impjiegi u l-integrazzjoni soċjali u lokali fl-Unjoni. Iżda, hemm xi evidenza li kumpaniji Ewropej jitilfu n-negozju għaliex ma jitkellmux bil-lingwi tal-klijenti tagħhom.[26]

The European Union is developing a highly competitive economy. Intercultural communication skills are assuming an ever-larger role in global marketing and sales strategies. To trade with companies in other Member States, European businesses need skills in the languages of the European Union as well as in the languages of our other trading partners around the globe. This is particularly true for medium-sized, high-growth, job-creating companies which are the main drivers for innovation, employment and social and local integration in the Union. However, there is some evidence that European companies lose business because they cannot speak their customers’ languages.[26]

Biex is-Suq Waħdieni ikun effettiv, l-Unjoni għandha bżonn ta’ ħaddiema aktar mobbli. Il-ħiliet f’diversi lingwi jżidu l-opportunitajiet fis-suq tax-xogħol, inkluż il-libertà li wieħed jaħdem jew jistudja fi Stat Membru ieħor. Għalhekk, il-Kummissjoni fi ħsiebha ssaħħaħ l-aġġornament tal-Pjan ta’ Azzjoni tagħha ta’ l-2002 dwar il-Ħiliet u l-Mobilità.[27]Il-ħiliet fil-lingwa se jkunu fost l-affarijiet indirizzati matul is-Sena Ewropea tal-Mobilità tal-Ħaddiema fl-2006.

For the Single Market to be effective, the Union needs a more mobile workforce. Skills in several languages increase opportunities on the labour market, including the freedom to work or study in another Member State. Therefore, the Commission intends to strengthen the follow-up of its 2002 Action Plan on Skills and Mobility.[27]Language skills will be among the issues addressed during the European Year of Workers’ Mobility in 2006.

III.2. Il-Multilingwiżmu u l-konsumaturi

III.2 Multilingualism and consumers

Fis-Suq Waħdieni, il-klijenti jistgħu jagħżlu minn varjetà wiesgħa ta’ prodotti mill-Istati Membri kollha, li ġġibhom f’kuntatt ma’ prodotti minn komunitajiet bl-lingwa oħra. Għall-protezzjoni ta’ l-interessi tal-konsumaturi, hemm regolamenti dwar il-lingwi użati fl-ippakkjar ta’ dawn il-prodotti. L-ittikkettar għandu jipprovdi informazzjoni ċara u preċiża f’lingwa li tinftiehem malajr mill-konsumatur u m’għandux iqarraq lix-xerrej fuq livell materjali[28]. Id-Direttiva adottata riċentement dwar il-Prattiċi Kummerċjali Inġusti[29] ssaħħaħ is-salvagwardji dwar il-lingwa użata fis-servizz ta’ l- after-sales .

In the Single Market, customers can choose from a wide variety of products from all Member States, which brings them into contact with products from other language communities. To protect consumers’ interests, there are regulations concerning the languages used on the packaging of such products. Labelling should provide clear, accurate information in a language easily understood by the consumer and must not mislead the purchaser to a material degree[28]. The recently adopted Unfair Commercial Practices Directive[29] strengthens safeguards concerning the language used in after-sales service.

III.3. Il-Multilingwiżmu fis-soċjetà ta’ l-informazzjoni

III.3 Multilingualism in the information society

Fis-soċjetà ta’ l-informazzjoni ta’ l-Ewropa, id-diversità lingwistika hija fatt tal-ħajja. Il- Web TV , il-mużika online , u l-films fuq iċ-ċellulari huma realtà għan-negozji u ċ-ċittadini Ewropej, li jenfasizzaw l-importanza li jkun hemm aċċess u użu ta' informazzjoni f'numru ta' lingwi.

In Europe’s information society, linguistic diversity is a fact of life. Web TV, online music, and movies on mobile phones are a reality for European businesses and citizens, emphasising the importance of being able to access and use information in a number of languages.

Il-Kummissjoni qed taħdem għall-promozzjoni tal-multilingwiżmu bħala parti mill-inizjattiva i2010 għat-tħeġġiġ tat-tkabbir u l-impjiegi fis-soċjetà ta’ l-informazzjoni u l-industrija tal-midja. L-ewwel ħidma hija l-ħolqien ta’ "Spażju Waħdieni Ewropew ta’ l-Informazzjoni li joffri kontenut u servizzi diġitali wiesa’ u varjati”. Diversi programmi ta’ l-Unjoni Ewropea[30]jappoġġjaw il-ħolqien u ċ-ċirkolazzjoni ta’ kontenut u għarfien Ewropej multilingwi.

The Commission is working to promote multilingualism as part of the i2010 initiative to foster growth and jobs in the information society and media industries. The first task is to create "a single European Information Space, offering rich and diverse content and digital services”. Several European Union programmes[30] support the creation and circulation of multilingual European content and knowledge.

Soċjetà ta’ l-informazzjoni multilingwi teħtieġ it-tqassim ta’ riżorsi tal-lingwa standardizzati u interoperattivi (dizzjunarji, terminoloġija, korpi ta’ testi, eċċ) u applikazzjonijiet għal-lingwi kollha, inkluż lingwi ta’ l-Unjoni mhux daqstant użati. Il-programmi tal-Kummissjoni Ewropea inkoraġġew il-koordinazzjoni u l-istandardizzazzjoni ta’ l-isforzi f’dan il-qasam bl-appoġġ ta’ netwerks u pjattaformi professjonali. Il-Kummissjoni stabbiliet forum tax-xjenza u t-teknoloġija dwar il-multilingwiżmu li jinkludi esperti mill-industrija, l-akkademiċi u korpi li jfasslu l-politika.

A multilingual information society requires the deployment of standardised and interoperable language resources (dictionaries, terminology, text corpora, etc.) and applications for all languages, including the less widely used languages of the Union. European Commission programmes have encouraged coordination and standardisation efforts in this area by supporting professional networks and platforms. The Commission has established a science and technology forum on multilingualism which comprises experts from industry, academia and policy-making bodies.

III.4. Il-professjonijiet u l-industriji relatati mal-lingwi

III.4 The language-related professions and industries

Waqt li hemm xi evidenza li l-industrija tal-lingwa fl-Ewropa, u l-potenzjal tagħha għall-impjiegi, qed jikbru, s’issa għad mhemmx organizzazzjoni kapaċi li tiżviluppa standards għal dan is-settur jew li tkunu pprovduta data affidabbli dwar id-daqs tagħha.[31]

Whilst there is some evidence that the language industry in Europe, and its employment potential, are growing, there is as yet no organisation capable of developing standards for this sector or providing reliable data about its size.[31]

L-industriji relatati mal-lingwa inkluż it-traduzzjoni, l-editjar, il-provi, il-kitba tal- précis , l-interpretazzjoni, it-terminoloġija, it-teknoloġiji tal-lingwa (l-ipproċessar tad-diskors, ir-rikonoxximent u s-sinteżi tal-vuċi), it-taħriġ fil-lingwi, it-tagħlim tal-lingwi, iċ-ċertifikazzjoni fil-lingwa u l-ittestjar u r-riċerka. Dawn l-industriji qed jevolvu b’mod mgħaġġel f’ħafna pajjiżi Ewropej. Barra minn dan, fost il-professjonijiet tal-lingwa qed ikun hemm distinzjoni anqas ċara, billi l-lingwisti, it-tradutturi jew l-interpreti qed ikollhom jagħmlu firxa ta’ xogħlijiet b’diversi aspetti li jinvolvu ħila speċjalizzata fil-lingwa. Xi universitajiet qed jagħmlu korsijiet speċjalizzati fl-“Industriji tal-lingwa”. Għarfien tajjeb tal-lingwi barranin huwa meħtieġ ukoll għall-bejgħ, il-loġistika, is-sottotitoli, ir-relazzjonijiet pubbliċi, il-kummerċjalizzazzjoni, il-komunikazzjoni, iċ-ċinema, ir-reklamar, il-ġurnaliżmu, fil-qasam tal-banek, tat-turiżmu u tal-pubblikazzjoni. Il-programmi ta’ taħriġ fl-edukazzjoni għolja u band’oħra għandhom bżonn li jkunu aġġornati kontinwament biex ikun żgurat li l-istudenti jakkwistaw il-ħiliet xierqa, jingħataw l-għodod adattati u jingħataw informazzjoni tajba fuq il-kondizzjonijiet reali tax-xogħol.

The language-related industries include translation, editing, proofreading, précis-writing, interpreting, terminology, language technologies (speech processing, voice recognition and synthesis), language training, language teaching, language certification and testing and research. These industries are rapidly evolving in most European countries. Furthermore, the language professions are becoming less clearly defined, with linguists, translators or interpreters being called upon to do a range of multifaceted jobs that involve language expertise. Some universities are putting on specialist courses in “Language industries”. A good command of foreign languages is also necessary for sales, logistics, subtitling, public relations, marketing, communication, cinema, advertising, journalism, banking, tourism and publishing. Training programmes in higher education and elsewhere need to be continuously updated to ensure that students acquire the right skills, are offered the right tools and are given insight into real working conditions.

III.5. Is-servizzi tat-traduzzjoni

III.5 Translation services

Is-swieq għas-servizzi ta’ traduzzjoni fl-Istati Membri huma estensivi, jipprovdu servizzi lill-organizzazzjonijiet internazzjonali, lill-gvernijiet, lill-awtoritajiet pubbliċi, lill-qrati, lis-settur tan-negozju, lill-pubblikaturi, lill-medja u lill-industriji tar-riklamar u d-divertiment.

The markets for translation services in the Member States are extensive, providing services to international organisations, governments, public authorities, the courts, the business sector, publishers, the media and the advertising and entertainment industries.

Hemm numru ta’ żviluppi fit-teknoloġija relatata mat-traduzzjoni, speċjalment il-memorji tat-traduzzjoni u t-traduzzjoni bl-għajnuna tal-magni, l-ipproċessar tad-diskors, it-tmexxija ta’ dokumenti multilingwi u l-lokalizzazzjoni tal-kontenut tal- web . Il-websajts multilingwi qed jikbru fin-numru u joffru servizzi bħat-traduzzjoni on-line, it-traduzzjoni ta’ l-emejl, dizzjunarji u banek ta’ karattri mhux tas-soltu. Magni tat-tiftix (search engines) ewlenin joffru traduzzjonijiet b’xejn ta’ l-informazzjoni tal- web u jtellgħu miljuni ta’ paġni tradotti kuljum, il- web portals (ir-ripożitorji tranżnazzjonali) ewlenin kollha qed jinvestu f’servizzi multilingwi mtejbin.

There are numerous developments in translation-related technology, especially translation memories and machine-aided translation, speech processing, multilingual document management and web content localisation. Multilingual websites are growing in number and offer such services as on-line translation, e-mail translation, dictionaries and banks of unusual characters. Major search engines offer free translations of web information and account for many millions of translated pages per day; all major web portals are investing in improved multilingual services.

Iż-żieda fl-użu li qed isir tat-traduzzjoni on-line bil-magni turi li funzjoni mekkanika essenzjali ta’ dan it-tip ma tistax tieħu post il-proċessi ta’ ħsieb tat-traduttur uman u għalhekk tenfasizza l-importanza tal-kwalità fit-traduzzjoni. Żviluppi bħall-“iStandard Ewropew għas-Servizzi tat-Traduzzjoni”[32]għandhom jagħtu lill-klijenti livell ogħla ta’ assigurazzjoni ta’ kwalità u traċċabilità.

The increased use being made of on-line machine translation demonstrates that an essentially mechanical function of that kind cannot replace the thought processes of a human translator, and thus emphasises the importance of translation quality. Developments such as the “European Standard for Translation Services”[32]should give clients a higher level of quality assurance and traceability.

III.6 Is-servizzi ta’ l-interpretazzjoni

III.6 Interpretation services

Id-domanda għall-interpreti mħarrġa qed tiżdied f’suq li qed jespandi.[33]Istituzzjonijiet sovranazzjonali bħall-UE u l-NU jimpjegaw numru kbir ta’ interpreti tal-konferenzi, kemm bħala persunal kif ukoll freelance , kollha mħarrġa fil-livell ta’ gradwati jew ta’ speċjalizzazzjoni wara l-lawrija, b’punti ta’ referenza internazzjonali. L-interpreti jgħinu l-istituzzjonijiet ta’ soċjetajiet multilingwi jiffunzjonaw. Isostnu l-komunitajiet ta’ l-immigranti fil-qrati, l-isptarijiet u s-servizzi tal-pulizija u l-immigrazzjoni. Jekk ikunu mħarrġa sew, l-interpreti għalhekk jikkontribwixxu għas-salvagwardja tad-drittijiet demokratiċi u tal-bniedem.

Demand for trained interpreters is increasing in an expanding market.[33]Supranational institutions like the EU and the UN employ large numbers of conference interpreters, both staff and freelance, all trained at graduate or postgraduate level, with international benchmarking. Interpreters also help the institutions of multilingual societies to function. They support immigrant communities in courts, hospitals, police and immigration services. Properly trained, interpreters thus contribute to safeguarding human and democratic rights.

III.7 It-tagħlim, l-eżami u ċ-ċertifikazzjoni fil-lingwa

III.7 Language teaching, testing and certification

Għalkemm is-sitwazzjoni tvarja minn pajjiż għall-ieħor, it-tagħlim u t-taħriġ fil-lingwi u għalhekk l-ittestjar u ċ-ċertifikazzjoni fil-lingwa – huma industriji li qed jikbru f’ħafna Stati Membri. Pereżempju, il-baġit ta’ l-2005 tal- British Council waħdu huwa ta’ madwar €750 miljun; id-dħul ta’ l- Alliance Française mill-klassijiet tal-lingwa fl-2004 kien madwar €110 miljun; id-dħul ta’ Berlitz’s fl-2004 kien ’il fuq minn €279 miljun.

Though the picture varies from country to country, language teaching and training - and hence language testing and certification - are growth industries in many Member States. For example, the 2005 budget of the British Council alone is around €750 million; the income of the Alliance Française from language classes in 2004 was around €110 million; Berlitz’s turnover in 2004 was over €279 million.

Iċ-ċertifikazzjoni fil-lingwa sar negozju tant kbir li l-konsumaturi qed ikollhom diffikultà jagħżlu l-aktar korsijiet u ċertifikazzjonijiet adattati disponibbli fis-suq. Il-Kummissjoni tixtieq tikkontribwixxi biex tagħmel din il-provvista aktar trasparenti billi tippubblika fuq il- web inventarju tas-sistemi li huma disponibbli bħalissa.

Language certification has become such big business that consumers have difficulty choosing the most appropriate courses and certificates available on the market. The Commission wishes to contribute to making this supply more transparent by publishing on the web an inventory of the systems currently available.

III.8 L-azzjoni għall-ekonomija multilingwi

III.8 Action for the multilingual economy

Il-Kummissjoni se: tippubblika studju dwar l-impatt ta’ nuqqasijiet fil-ħiliet tal-lingwi fuq l-ekonomija Ewropea fl-2006; tippubblika fil-web inventarju tas-sistemi ta’ ċertifikazzjoni tal-lingwa disponibbli fl-Unjoni Ewropea fl-2006; tniedi studju dwar il-potenzjal għal użu akbar tas-sottotitoli fil-films fil-programmi tat-televiżjoni għall-promozzjoni tat-tagħlim tal-lingwa; tippubblika d-database multilingwi interistituzzjonali ta’ l-IATE (Skambju tat-Terminoloġija Inter-Aġenzija) bħala servizz lil kull min jeħtieġ termini vvalidati minn kuntesti relatati ma’ l-UE; torganizza konferenza fuq it-taħriġ tat-tradutturi f’universitajiet, fl-2006; tniedi taħt l-i2010 inizjattiva prominenti dwar libreriji diġitali li jagħmlu s-sorsi multimedjali aktar sempliċi u interessanti biex jintużaw, u jibnu fuq il-wirt għani ta’ l-Ewropa billi jikkombinaw ambjenti multikulturali u multimedjali;[34] u Iġġib flimkien u tikkoordina x-xogħol ta’ timijiet Ewropej ta’ Riċerka fl-oqsma tat-teknoloġiji tal-lingwa umana, tat-traduzzjoni bil-magni, u l-ħolqien ta’ riżorsi tal-lingwa bħal dizzjunarji u teżawri, u jistabbilixxu sfidi tekniċi speċifiċi għall-kuntest Ewropew (bħall-iffokar fuq il-kwalità ta’ applikazzjonijiet multilingwi u sistemi ta’ traduzzjoni bil-magni). |

The Commission will: publish a study on the impact on the European economy of shortages of language skills in 2006; publish on the web an inventory of the language certification systems available in the European Union in 2006; launch a study on the potential for greater use of sub-titles in film and television programmes to promote language learning; publish the inter-institutional, multilingual database IATE (Inter-Agency Terminology Exchange) as a service to anyone needing validated terms from EU-related contexts; organise a conference on translator training in universities, in 2006; Launch under i2010 a flagship initiative on digital libraries making multimedia sources easier and more interesting to use, and building on Europe’s rich heritage combining multicultural and multilingual environments,[34] and Bring together and coordinate the work of European research teams in the fields of human language technologies, machine translation, and the creation of language resources such as dictionaries and thesauri, and set technical challenges specific to the European context (such as the focus on the quality of multilingual applications and machine translation systems). |

- L-Istati Membri huma mistiedna biex:

Member States are invited to: review training programmes at universities to ensure that they equip students in the language professions with the right skills for rapidly changing working conditions. |

- jirrivedu l-programmi tat-taħriġ f’universitajiet biex ikun żgurat li jagħtu lill-istudenti fil-professjonijiet tal-lingwa l-ħiliet xierqa għall-kondizzjonijiet tax-xogħol li qed jinbiddlu malajr.

- IV MULTILINGUALISM IN THE COMMISSION’S RELATIONS WITH CITIZENS

IV IL-MULTILINGWIŻMU FIR-RELAZZJONIJIET TAL-KUMMISSJONI MAĊ-ĊITTADINI

IV.1 Accessibility and transparency

IV.1 L-aċċessibilità u t-trasparenza

The European Union adopts legislation which is directly binding on its citizens. It is therefore a prerequisite for the Union’s democratic legitimacy and transparency that citizens should be able to communicate with its Institutions and read EU law in their own national language, and take part in the European project without encountering any language barriers. The very first Regulation adopted by the Council[35] therefore defines the European Community as a multilingual entity, stipulates that legislation must be published in the official languages and requires its institutions to deal with citizens in the official languages of their choice. In the interests of equity and transparency, the Union maintains a substantial online public service giving access to the law and jurisprudence of the Union; this is the EUR-Lex service, which is fully multilingual and covers all 20 official languages[36].

L-Unjoni Ewropea tadotta leġiżlazzjoni li torbot direttament liċ-ċittadini tagħha. Huwa għalhekk prerekwiżit għal-leġittimità demokratika u t-trasparenza ta’ l-Unjoni li ċ-ċittadini ikunu jistgħu jikkomunikaw ma’ l-Istituzzjonijiet tagħha u jaqraw il-liġi ta’ l-UE fil-lingwa nazzjonali tagħhom, u jieħdu sehem fil-proġett Ewropew mingħajr ma jiltaqgħu ma’ xi ostakolu tal-lingwa. Proprju l-ewwel Regolament adottat mill-Kunsill[35] għalhekk jiddefinixxi l-Komunità Ewropea bħala entità multilingwi, jistipula li l-leġiżlazzjoni għandha tkun ippubblikata fil-lingwi uffiċjali u teħtieġ li l-istituzzjonijiet tagħha jkollhom x’jaqsmu maċ-ċittadini fil-lingwi uffiċjali ta’ l-għażla tagħhom. Fl-interess ta’ l-ekwità u t-trasparenza, l-Unjoni żżomm servizz pubbliku online sostanzjali li jagħti l-aċċess għal-liġi u l-ġurisprudenza ta’ l-Unjoni; jiġifieri s-servizz EUR-Lex, li huwa għal kollox multilingwi u jkopri l-20 lingwa uffiċjali[36].

IV.2 Multilingualism makes the EU special

IV.2 Il-multilingwiżmu jagħmel lill-UE speċjali

Specialist linguists in the field of translation and interpretation guarantee cost-effective communication and make decision-making democratic and transparent. Interpreters enable delegates to defend their countries’ interests in their own language(s), and to communicate with other delegates. In this way, citizens can be represented by their best experts, who may not be the best linguists. Similarly, the translation and interpretation services ensure that the European and national institutions can effectively exercise their right of democratic scrutiny. Translators and interpreters guarantee that citizens can communicate with the Institutions and have access to decisions in their national language(s).

Lingwisti speċjalizzati fil-qasam tat-traduzzjoni u l-interpretazzjoni jiggarantixxu komunikazzjoni effettiva għall-ispiża magħmula u jagħmlu t-teħid tad-deċiżjonijiet demokratiku u trasparenti. L-interpreti jippermettu lid-delegati jiddefendu l-interessi ta’ pajjiżhom fil-lingwa(lingwi) tagħhom stess, u jikkomunikaw ma’ delegati oħra. B’dan il-mod, iċ-ċittadini jistgħu jkunu rappreżentati mill-aħjar esperti tagħhom, li jistgħu ma jkunux l-aħjar lingwisti. Bl-istess mod, is-servizzi tat-traduzzjoni u l-interpretazzjoni jiżguraw li l-istituzzjonijiet Ewropej u nazzjonali jistgħu jeżerċitaw b'mod effettiv id-dritt tagħhom ta' skrutinju demokratiku. It-tradutturi u l-interpreti jiggarantixxu li ċ-ċittadini jistgħu jikkomunikaw ma’ l-Istituzzjonijiet u jkollhom aċċess għad-deċiżjonijiet fil-lingwa (lingwi) nazzjonali tagħhom.

The EU institutions must strike a balance between the costs and the benefits of being multilingual. The translation and interpreting services of all institutions together cost the equivalent of 1.05% of the EU’s total budget for 2004, or €2.28 per citizen per year. For this price, all citizens get universal access to all EU legislation and the right to communicate, contribute and be informed.

L-istituzzjonijiet ta’ l-UE għandhom iżommu bilanċ bejn l-ispejjeż u l-benefiċċji li jkunu multilingwi. Is-servizzi tat-traduzzjoni u ta’ l-interpretazzjoni ta’ l-istituzzjonijiet kollha flimkien jiswew l-ekwivalenti ta’ 1.05% tal-baġit kollu ta’ l-UE għall-2004, jew €2.28 kull ċittadin kull sena. Għal dan il-prezz, iċ-ċittadini kollha jkollhom aċċess universali għal-leġiżlazzjoni kollha ta’ l-UE u d-dritt li jikkomunikaw, jikkontribwixxu u jkunu infurmati.

The system that makes multilingualism function in the European Union does, of course, have a cost attached; but, without it, a democratic and transparent European Union is simply not possible.

Is-sistema li tħaddem il-multilingwiżmu fl-Unjoni Ewropea ovvjament tiswa l-flus imma, mingħajrha, Unjoni Ewropea demokratika u trasparenti tkun sempliċement impossibli.

With proper planning, foresight and allocation of the required resources, the EU could in the future operate in yet more official languages, with the help, for example, of new technologies and by exploiting economies of scale to the maximum.

Permezz ta' ppjanar xieraq, il-previżjoni u l-allokazzjoni tar-riżorsi meħtieġa, l-UE fil-ġejjieni tista’ taħdem b’aktar lingwi uffiċjali, bl-għajnuna, pereżempju, ta’ teknoloġiji ġodda u bl-isfruttament ta’ l-ekonomiji ta’ skala sal-massimu possibbli.

IV.3 Action for multilingualism in the Commission’s relations with citizens

IV.3 L-azzjoni għall-multilingwiżmu fir-relazzjonijiet tal-Kummissjoni maċ-ċittadini

Over the past ten years, the Commission has developed several multilingual initiatives ( Citizens First , Dialogue with Citizens, Your Europe - Citizens and the Citizens Signpost Service) to help citizens understand how European legislation affects them, what their rights are when they move to another country and how they can exercise their rights in practice.[37]

Matul dawn l-aħħar għaxar snin, il-Kummissjoni żviluppat diversi inizjattivi multilingwi ( Iċ-Ċittadini l-Ewwel , id-Djalogu maċ-Ċittadini, L-Ewropa Tiegħek - Ċittadini u s- Servizz Signpost għaċ-Ċittadini) biex iċ-ċittadini jifhmu kif il-leġiżlazzjoni Ewropea taffettwahom, x’inhuma d-drittijiet tagħhom meta jmorru f’pajjiż ieħor u kif jistgħu jħaddmu d-drittijiet tagħhom fil-prattika.[37]

The Commission proposes to build on these initiatives by establishing a pro-active multilingual communication policy, complementing through practical action the Commission’s wider initiative to improve communication with European citizens and specific groups such as journalists, the language industry, schools and universities. The Commission will further enhance its on-line information in the official languages and improve the multilingual nature of its many websites. The advent of web content management technologies will also open up new possibilities for multilingual web publication. Moreover, in order to ensure internal consistency on multilingualism matters, the Commission will set up an internal network.

Il-Kummissjoni tipproponi li tibni fuq dawn l-inizjattivi billi tistabbilixxi politika ta’ komunikazzjoni multilingwi proattiva, li tikkumplementa permezz ta’ azzjoni prattika l-inizjattiva usa’ tal-Kummissjoni għat-titjib tal-komunikazzjoni maċ-ċittadini Ewropej u gruppi speċifiċi bħall-ġurnalisti, l-industrija tal-lingwa, l-iskejjel u l-universitajiet. Il-Kummissjoni se ttejjeb aktar l-informazzjoni tagħha on-line fil-lingwi uffiċjali u ttejjeb, , in-natura multilingwi ta’ ħafna mill-websajts tagħha. Il-miġja ta’ teknoloġiji għat-tmexxija tal-kontenut tal- web se tiftaħ possibilitajiet ġodda għall-pubblikazzjoni multilingwi tal- web . Barra minn dan biex tkun żgurata l-konsistenza interna fuq affarijiet multilingwi, il-Kummissjoni se twaqqaf netwerk intern.

The Commission will: ensure, through an internal network, that all departments apply its multilingualism policy in a coherent way; continue to foster multilingualism on its Internet portal (Europa) and in its publications; launch a Languages portal on Europa providing information about multilingualism in the European Union and accommodating new portals dedicated to language learners and language teachers; give a greater role to its translation field offices in the Member States in promoting multilingualism, particularly through the customisation of the Commission’s messages for local target audiences; organise high-level seminars on multilingualism in the Member States, targeted at journalists and other opinion multipliers; continue to offer universities grants and teaching assistance in the field of conference interpreting, help develop distance learning tools and fund student bursaries and training visits; continue to develop cost-effective multilingual conferencing and communication tools under the Commission’s project on the interoperable delivery of pan-European e-government services to public administrations, businesses and citizens;[38] support the European Master’s in Conference Interpreting and the European Master’s in Conference Management, thereby enhancing co-operation, pooling expertise and disseminating best practice in these fields; continue to play a full part in the International Annual Meeting on Language Arrangements, Documentation and Publication, a body which discusses new job and skills requirements; continue to provide universities with a model curriculum of a Master’s degree in translation and supply visiting translators to help train students in translation; and organise an international translation competition between schools in Member States, to promote language knowledge and the language professions. |

Il-Kummissjoni se: tiżgura, permezz ta’ netwerk intern, li d-dipartimenti kollha japplikaw politika ta’ multilingwiżmu b’mod koerenti; tkompli trawwem il-multilingwiżmu fil-portal ta’ l-Internet (Europa) u fil-pubblikazzjonijiet tagħha; tniedi portal tal-Lingwi fl-Europa biex tipprovdi informazzjoni dwar il-multilingwiżmu fl-Unjoni Ewropea u takkomoda portals ġodda ddedikati lil min qed jitgħallem il-lingwi u l-għalliema tal-lingwi; tagħti rwol akbar lill-field offices tat-traduzzjoni tagħha fl-Istati Membri fil-promozzjoni multilingwi, partikolarment permezz ta’ tfassil speċifiku tal-messaġġ tal-Kummissjoni skond l-udejnza lokali; torganizza seminars ta’ livell għoli fuq il-multilingwiżmu fl-Istati Membri, immirati għall-ġurnalisti u persuni oħra li jkattru l-opinjonijiet; tkompli toffri għotjiet universitarji u assistenza fit-tagħlim fil-qasam ta’ l-interpretazzjoni tal-konferenzi, tgħin biex tiżviluppa għodod għat-tagħlim mill-bogħod u tiffinanzja boroż ta’ studju ta’ l-istudenti u żjarat ta’ taħriġ; tkompli tiżviluppa għodod għall-konferenzi u l-komunikazzjoni multilingwi li huma effettivi għall-ispiża magħmula taħt il-proġett tal-Kummissjoni fuq it-twassil interoperattiv pan-Ewropew ta’ servizzi ta’ l-e-government lill-amministraturi pubbliċi, in-negozji u ċ-ċittadini;[38] tappoġġja l-Master’s Ewropew fl-Interpretazzjoni tal-Konferenzi u l-Master’s Ewropew fit-tmexxija tal-Konferenzi, u għalhekk titjieb il-kooperazzjoni, tinġabar il-ħila esperta u jinxterdu l-aħjar prattiċi f’dawn l-oqsma; ikompli jkollha sehem sħiħ fil-Laqgħa Annwali Internazzjonali fuq l-Arranġamenti, id-Dokumentazzjoni u l-Pubblikazzjoni tal-Lingwa, korp li jiddiskuti rekwiżiti ġodda ta’ l-impjieg u l-ħiliet; tkompli tipprovdi l-universitajiet b’kurrikulu mudell ta’ grad ta’ Maġisteru fit-traduzzjoni u l-provista ta’ tradutturi okkażjonali biex l-istudenti jkunu mħarrġa fit-traduzzjoni; u torganizza kompetizzjoni internazzjonali tat-traduzzjoni bejn l-iskejjel fl-Istati Membri, għall-promozzjoni ta’ l-għarfien tal-lingwa u l-professjonijiet tal-lingwa. |

- V CONCLUSIONS

- V IL-KONKLUŻJONIJIET

Multilingualism is essential for the proper functioning of the European Union. Increasing citizens' language skills will be equally important in achieving European policy goals, particularly against a background of increasing global competition and the challenge of better exploiting Europe's potential for sustainable growth and more and better jobs. Aware of its own responsibilities and of those of the other Institutions, the Commission considers that the situation can and must improve and therefore urges Member States to take additional measures to promote widespread individual multilingualism and to foster a society that respects all citizens’ linguistic identities.

Il-multilingwiżmu huwa essenzjali għat-tħaddim xieraq ta’ l-Unjoni Ewropea. Li jiżdiedu l-ħiliet fil-lingwi taċ-ċittadini se jkun importanti fil-kisba ta' l-għanijiet tal-politika Ewropea, partikolarment fuq sfond ta' kompetizzjoni globali dejjem tiżdied u l-isfida ta' sfuttar akbar tal-potenzjal Ewropew għat-tkabbir sostenibbli u xogħlijiet aktar u aħjar .Konxja mir-responsabilitajiet tagħha u dawk ta’ l-Istituzzjonijiet l-oħra, il-Kummissjoni tikkunsidra li –sitwazzjoni tista’ u trid titjieb u għalhekk tħeġġeġ lill-Istati Membri biex jieħdu miżuri oħrajn biex jippromwovu multilingwiżmu individwali mifrux u tinkoraġġixxi soċjetà li tirrispetta l-identitajiet lingwistiċi taċ-ċittadini kollha.

The Commission has already invited Member States to report in 2007 on the actions they have taken towards the objectives of the Action Plan 'Promoting Language Learning and Linguistic Diversity'. This Communication highlights further steps that are necessary if Member States are to achieve the objectives they have set themselves, and the Commission invites Member States to report also on the actions they have taken on the key areas outlined in this Communication in 2007.

Il-Kummissjoni diġà stiednet l-Istati Membri biex jirrapportaw fl-2007 dwar l-azzjonijiet li jkunu ħadu għall-għanijiet tal-Pjan ta’ Azzjoni ‘Il-Promozzjoni tat-Tagħlim tal-Lingwa u d-Diversità Lingwistika’. Din il-Komunikazzjoni tenfasizza l-passi ulterjuri li huma meħtieġa jekk l-Istati Membri se jilħqu l-għanijiet li huma fasslu għalihom, u l-Kummissjoni tistieden lill-Istati Membri biex jirrapportaw fuq l-azzjonijiet li jkunu ħadu f'oqsma ewlenin iddelinjati f'din il-Komunikazzjoni fl-2007.

The Commission will set up a High Level Group on Multilingualism, made up of independent experts, to assist it in analysing the progress made by Member States, and to provide support and advice in developing initiatives, as well as fresh impetus and ideas. A ministerial conference on multilingualism will be held to allow Member States to share the progress they have made so far, and to plan future work. On the basis of Member States’ reports and the advice of the High Level Group, the Commission will present a further communication to Parliament and the Council, proposing a comprehensive approach to multilingualism in the European Union. |

Il-Kummissjoni se tistabbilixxi Grupp ta’ Livell Għoli fil-Multilingwiżmu, magħmul minn esperti indipendenti, biex jgħinuha fl-analiżi tal-progress magħmul mill-Istati Membri, u biex jipprovdu appoġġ u pariri fl-iżvilupp ta’ inizjattivi, kif ukoll impetu u ideat ġodda. Konferenza ministerjali dwar il-multilingwiżmu se sseħħ biex tippermetti lill-Istati Membri biex jaqsmu bejniethom il-progress li sar s’issa, u biex jippjanaw ix-xogħol għall-ġejjieni. Fuq il-bażi tar-rapporti ta’ l-Istati Membri u l-pariri tal-Grupp ta’ Livell Għoli, il-Kummissjoni se tippreżenta komunikazzjoni oħra lill-Parlament u lill-Kunsill, u tipproponi metodu komprensiv għall-multilingwiżmu fl-Unjoni Ewropea. |

- Annex[39]

- Anness[39]

Languages most commonly used in the European Union: %.

Il-lingwi l-aktar użati fl-Unjoni Ewropea: %.

[pic]

[pic]

Ability to hold a conversation in a foreign language

L-Abiltà li sseħħ konversazzjoni f’lingwa barranija

[pic]

[pic]

FINANCIAL STATEMENT

RAPPORT FINANZJARJU

1. NAME OF THE PROPOSAL: Commission Communication ‘A new framework strategy for multilingualism’

1. ISEM TAL-PROPOSTA: Komunikazzjoni tal-Kummissjoni ‘Strateġija-Qafas Ġdida għall-Multilingwiżmu’

2. ABM / ABB FRAMEWORK

2. QAFAS ABM/ABB

This proposal concerns several policy areas and associated activities:

Din il-proposta tikkonċerna diversi oqsma tal-politika u l-attivitajiet marbuta magħhom:

DG EAC: Culture and languages

DG EAC: Kultura u lingwi

DG SCIC: Interpretation and linked activities.

DG SCIC: Interpretazzjoni u attivitajiet marbuta.

DGT: aaaaaaaCommission’s administration: Administrative expenditure of Commission’s aaaaaaaaaaaaaadministration policy area

DGT: aaaaaaaAmministrazzjoni tal-Kummissjoni: Nefqa amministrattiva tal-aaaaaaaaaaaaaqasam tal-politika amministrattiva tal-Kummissjoni

DG INFSO: RTD on Information Society and eEurope.

DG INFSO: RTD dwar is-Soċjetà ta’ l-Informatika u dwar l- eEurope .

3. BUDGET LINES

3. LINJI TAL-BAĠIT

3.1 Budget lines (operational lines and related technical and administrative assistance lines (ex- B..A lines)) including headings :

3.1 Linji tal-Baġit (linji operattivi u linji relatati ta’ assistenza teknika u amministrattiva (linji eks-B..A)) inklużi l-intestaturi:

DG EAC

DG EAC:

15.02.02.02 Socrates

15.02.02.02 Socrates

15.03.01.02 Leonardo da Vinci

15.03.01.02 Leonardo da Vinci

From 2007, the budget line corresponding to the Lifelong Learning programme, for which the Commission adopted proposals in July 2004.

Mill-2007, il-Linji tal-Baġit li jikkorrespondu mal-Programm tat-Tagħlim ta’ Matul il-Ħajja, li l-Kummissjoni adottat proposti għalih f’Lulju 2004.

DGT

DGT

26.010211.Autres dépenses de gestion du domaine politique administration de la commission

26.010211. Infiq ieħor fuq l-amministrazzjoni fil-qasam politiku amministrattiv tal-Kummissjoni

26.010700 Inter-institutional cooperation activities in the language field

26.010700 Attivitajiet ta’ kooperazzjoni bejn l-istituzzjonijiet fil-qasam tal-lingwi

DG SCIC

DG SCIC

XX01021107: Actions de formation et de perfectionnement des interprètes

XX01021107: Azzjonijiet ta’ taħriġ u ta’ perfezzjonament ta’ l-interpreti

XX01021102: reunions and conferences organised

XX01021102: laqgħat u konferenzi organizzati

DG INFSO:

DG INFSO:

09.04 "RTD on Information Society"

09.04 "RTD dwar is-Soċjetà ta’ l-Informatika"

09.03 "eEurope"

09.03 " eEurope "

3.2 Duration of the action and of the financial impact:

3.2 Tul ta’ żmien ta’ l-azzjoni u ta’ l-impatt finazjarju:

2005 and following years: the activities have different starting points and are of different durations. Some, such as the proposed European Indicator of Language Competence are designed to be permanent and should therefore be seen as open-ended; others, such as studies or conferences or projects funded under cooperation programmes are, by their nature limited to less than three years.

2005 u s-snin ta’ wara: l-attivitajiet jibdew f’dati differenti u ma jiħdux l-istess tul ta’ żmien. Xi wħud, bħall-Indikatur Ewropew tal-Kompetenza Lingwistika huma maħsuba li jkunu permanenti u għalhekk għandhom jitqiesu li ma għandhomx limitu ta’ żmien; oħrajn, bħal studji u konferenzi jew proġetti ffinanzjati taħt il-programmi ta’ kooperazzjoni huma, min-natura tagħhom stess, limitati għal perjodu ta’ inqas minn tliet snin.

4. SUMMARY OF RESOURCES

4. ĠABRA FIL-QOSOR TAR-RIŻORSI

4.1 Financial Resources

4.1 Riżorsi Finanzjarji

4.1.1 Summary of commitment appropriations (CA) and payment appropriations (PA)

4.1.1 Ġabra ta’ l-allokazzjonijiet ta’ flus għall-impenji (CA) u ta’ l-allokazzjonijiet ta’ flus għall-ħlasijiet (PA)

EUR million (to 3 decimal places)

EUR miljuni (sa tliet postijiet deċimali)

Expenditure type | Section no. | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 and later | Total |

Tip ta’ Nfiq | Nru tat-Taqsima | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 u wara | Total |

Operational expenditure[40] |

Infiq Operattiv[40] |

Commitment Appropriations (CA) |

Allokazzjonijiet ta’ flus għall-impenji (CA) |

promote discussion and bring forward a Recommendation on ways of bringing language teacher education up to date; | See (**) |

promozzjoni tad-diskussjoni u ħruġ ta’ Rakkomandazzjoni dwar il-metodi ta’ kif tiġi aġġornata l-edukazzjoni ta’ l-għalliema tal-lingwi; | Ara (**) |

publish an inventory of the language certification systems available in the European Union in 2006; | 0.2 | 0.2 See (**) |

pubblikazzjoni ta’ inventarju tas-sistemi ta’ ċertifikazzjoni tal-lingwi disponibbli fl-Unjoni Ewropea fl-2006 | 0.2 | 0.2 Ara (**) |

continue to support the teaching and learning of languages through its cooperation programmes in the field of education, training, youth, citizenship and culture; | See (**) |

kontinwazzjoni ta’ l-appoġġ tat-tagħlim u t-taħriġ fil-lingwi permezz ta’ programmi ta’ kooperazzjoni fil-qasam edukattiv, tat-taħriġ, taż-żgħażagħ, taċ-ċittadini u tal-kultura; | Ara (**) |

investigate ways to support language diversity networks through the new integrated Lifelong Learning programme; | See (**) |

investigazzjoni tal-metodi ta’ appoġġ tan-netwerks tad-diversità lingwistika permezz ta’ Programm ġdid integrat tat-Tagħlim ta’ Matul il-Ħajja; | Ara (**) |

ministerial conference | 0.15 | 0.15 See (**) |

konferenza ministerjali | 0.15 | 0.15 Ara (**) |

ensure all departments apply multilingualism policy (via an internal network); phase in a specific multilingualism policy for Europa, the Internet portal and for publications; |

żgurar li d-dipartimenti kollha japplikaw il-politika tal-multilingwiżmu (permezz ta’ netwerk intern) dħul ta’ politika speċifika tal-multilingwiżmu għall-Ewropa, il-portal ta’ l-Internet u tal-pubblikazzjonijiet; |

Commitment Appropriations (CA) | a | 0.4 | 0 | 0.19 | 0.08 | 0.12 | 0.16 | 0.95 |

Allokazzjonijiet ta’ flus għall-impenji (CA) | a | 0.4 | 0 | 0.19 | 0.08 | 0.12 | 0.16 | 0.95 |

Payment Appropriations (PA) | b | 0.4 | 0 | 0.19 | 0.08 | 0.12 | 0.16 | 0.95 |

Allokazzjonijiet ta’ flus għall-ħlasijiet (PA) | b | 0.4 | 0 | 0.19 | 0.08 | 0.12 | 0.16 | 0.95 |

Administrative expenditure within reference amount[41] |

Infiq amministrattiv fl-ammont ta’ referenza[41] |

Technical & administrative assistance (NDA) |

Assistenza teknika u amministrattiva (NDA) |

organise a series of high-level seminars on multilingualism in the Member States, targeted at journalists and other opinion multipliers; | 0.003 | 0.003 See (**) |

organizzazzjoni ta’ sensiela ta’ seminars ta’ livell għoli dwar il-multilingwiżmu fl-Istati Membri, immirat lejn il-ġurnalisti u opinjonisti oħra; | 0.003 | 0.003 Ara(**) |

international translation competition between schools in Member States | 0.04 | 0.04 See (**) |

kompetizzjoni internazzjonali tat-traduzzjoni bejn l-iskejjel fl-Istati Membri | 0.04 | 0.04 Ara(**) |

establish a High Level Reflection Group on Multilingualism | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.2 See (**) |

twaqqif ta’ Grupp ta’ Livell Għoli ta’ Riflessjoni dwar il-Multilingwiżmu | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.2 Ara(**) |

continue to provide universities with a model curriculum of a Master’s degree in translation and provide visiting translators | 0.207 | 0.207 | 0.207 | 0.207 | 0.207 | 0.207 | 1.242 See (**) See (****) |

tkomplija tal-provvista lill-universitajiet ta’ mudell tal-kurrikulu ta’ lawrja fil-livell ta’ Masters fit-traduzzjoni u l-provvista ta’ tradutturi bi żjara | 0.207 | 0.207 | 0.207 | 0.207 | 0.207 | 0.207 | 1.242 Ara(**) Ara (****) |

c | 0.568 | 0.913 | 0.556 | 0.412 | 0.412 | 0.412 | 3.273 |

ċ | 0.568 | 0.913 | 0.556 | 0.412 | 0.412 | 0.412 | 3.273 |

TOTAL REFERENCE AMOUNT |

AMMONT TOTALI TA’ REFERENZA |

Commitment Appropriations | a+c | 0.968 | 0.913 | 0.746 | 0.492 | 0.424 | 0.428 | 4.223 |

Allokazzjonijiet ta’ flus għall-Impenji | a+ċ | 0.968 | 0.913 | 0.746 | 0.492 | 0.424 | 0.428 | 4.223 |

Payment Appropriations | b+c | 0.968 | 0.913 | 0.746 | 0.492 | 0.424 | 0.428 | 4.223 |

Allokazzjonijiet ta’ flus għall-ħlasijiet | b+ċ | 0.968 | 0.913 | 0.746 | 0.492 | 0.424 | 0.428 | 4.223 |

Administrative expenditure not included in reference amount[42] |

Infiq amministrattiv mhux inkluż fl-ammont ta’ referenza[42] |

Human resources and associated expenditure (NDA) | 8.2.5 | d |

Riżorsi Umani u nfiq marbut magħhom (NDA) | 8.2.5 | d |

Administrative costs, other than human resources and associated costs, not included in reference amount (NDA) | 8.2.6 | e |

Spejjeż amministrattivi, minbarra dawk tar-riżorsi umani u l-ispejjeż marbuta magħhom, mhux inklużi fl-ammont ta’ referenza (NDA) | 8.2.6 | e |

Total indicative financial cost of intervention

SPIżA FINANZJARJA INDIKATTIVA TOTALI TA’ L-INTERVENZJONI

(*) La mise sur pied de l'indicateur n'entraînera pas de dépense opérationnelle supplémentaire à charge du budget de l'Union: les dépenses correspondantes seront supportées par les programmes Socrates et Leonardo da Vinci (puis Lifelong Learning) sans augmentation des dotations globales de ces programmes; de là la mention "*" reprise ci-dessus. Pour information, la contribution annuelle de ces programmes au financement de l'indicateur devrait être globalement de l'ordre de € 2,5 Mio.

(*) It-twaqqif ta’ indikatur mhux se jinvolvi spejjeż operattivi supplimentari għall-baġit ta’ l-Unjoni: l-ispejjeż korrispondenti se jitħallsu mill-programmi Socrates u Leonardu da Vinci (u wara mill-Programm ta’ Tagħlim ta’ Matul il-Ħajja) mingħajr żieda ta’ l-għotjet globali ta’ dawn il-programmi; minn hemm, ir-referenza “*” imsemmija hawn fuq. Bħala informazzjoni, il-kontribuzzjoni annwali ta’ dawn il-programmi għall-finanzjament ta’ l-indikatur għandha tkun globalment ta’ € 2.5M.

(**) The implementation of this item will involve no additional operational expenditure to the Union budget. The relevant costs will be met from within existing programmes or their successors without increasing the global allocations to these programmes.

(**) L-implimentazzjoni ta’ dan il-punt m’hu se jinvolvi ebda nfiq operattiv addizzjonali fil-baġit ta’ l-Unjoni. L-ispejjeż relevanti jitħallsu mill-fondi tal-programmi eżistenti jew is-suċċessuri tagħhom mingħajr ma jiżdiedu l-allokazzjonijiet globali ta’ dawn il-programmi.

(***) The implementation of this item will involve no additional operational expenditure to the Union budget. The relevant costs will be met from within existing Research programmes or their successors (eContent plus Programme / proposed specific Programmes 2007-2013 implementing FP7) without increasing the global allocations to these programmes.

(***) L-implimentazzjoni ta’ dan il-punt m’ hu se jinvolvi ebda nfiq operattiv addizzjonali fil-baġit ta’ l-Unjoni. L-ispejjeż relevanti jitħallsu mill-fondi tal-programmi eżiztenti ta’ Riċerka jew is-suċċessuri tagħhom (il-Programm eContent plus / il-Programmi speċifiċi proposti ta' l-2007-2013 li jimplimentaw l-FP7) mingħajr ma jiżdiedu l-allokazzjonijiet globali ta’ dawn il-programmi.

(****)The cost of €207 000 per year charged to the mission budget relates solely to the provision of visiting translators (where DGT translators will be on a one months mission to universities).

(****)L-ispiża ta’ €207,000 fis-sena mħallsa mill-baġit tal-missjoni għandha x’taqsam biss mal-provvista ta’tradutturi bi żjara (meta tradutturi tad-DGT jkunu fuq missjonijiet ta’ xahar fl-universitajiet).

(°) This expenditure for 2005 and 2006 relates to the assistance of IT specialists in the technical design and development of the web-portal. The content of the portal will be managed by Commission staff.

(o) Din l-ispiża għall-2005 u l-2006 għandha x’taqsam ma’ l-assitenza lill-ispeċjalisti ta’ l-IT fid-disinn tekniku u l-iżvilupp tal-portal fuq l-internet. Il-kontenut tal-portal se jitmexxa mill-istaff tal-Kummissjoni.

TOTAL CA including cost of Human Resources | a+c+d+e |

CA TOTALI inklużi l-ispejjeż tar-Riżorsi Umani | a+ċ+d+e |

TOTAL PA including cost of Human Resources | b+c+d+e |

PA TOTALI inklużi l-ispejjeż tar-Riżorsi Umani | b+ċ+d+e |

Co-financing details

Dettalji tal-kofinanzjament

None. There will be no co-financing of the actions proposed.

L-ebda. Mhux se jkun hemm kofinanzjament ta’ l-azzjonijiet proposti.

4.1.2 Compatibility with Financial Programming

4.1.2 Kompatibilità mal-Programm ta’ Finanzjament

( Proposal is compatible with existing financial programming.

( Il-proposta hija kompatibbli mal-programm tal-finanzjament eżistenti.

For the 2007 and subsequent budgets, the appropriations will be subject to the approval of the financial perspective for 2007-2013 and the resulting multiannual financial programming.

Għall-baġits ta’ l-2007 u ta’ wara, l-allokazzjonijiet se jkunu suġġetti għall-approvazzjoni tal-perspettiva finanzjarja għas-snin 2007-2013 u l-programm finanzjarju li jirriżulta għal għadd ta’ snin.

( Proposal will entail reprogramming of the relevant heading in the financial perspective.

( Il-proposta trid tiġi pprogrammata mill-ġdid taħt l-intestatura relevanti fil-perspettiva finanzjarja.

( Proposal may require application of the provisions of the Interinstitutional Agreement[43] (i.e. flexibility instrument or revision of the financial perspective).

( Jista’ jkun li l-proposta tkun teħtieġ li jiġu applikati d-dispożizzjonijiet tal-Ftehim Interistituzzjonali[43] (jiġifieri strument tal-flessibilità jew reviżjoni tal-perspettiva finanzjarja).

4.1.3. Financial impact on Revenue

4.1.3 Impatt finanzjarju fuq id-Dħul

( Proposal has no financial implications on revenue

( Il-proposta ma għandhiex implikazzjonijiet finanzjarji għad-dħul

( Proposal has financial impact – the effect on revenue is as follows:

( Il-proposta għandha impatt finanzjarju - l-effett fuq id-dħul huwa kif ġej:

NB: All details and observations relating to the method of calculating the effect on revenue should be shown in a separate annex.

NB: Id-dettalji u l-osservazzjonijiet kollha marbuta mal-metodu tal-kalkolazzjoni ta’ l-effett fuq id-dħul għandhom jidhru f’anness separat.

4.2. Human Resources FTE (including officials, temporary and external staff) – see detail under point 8.2.1.

4.2 Riżorsi Umani FTE (inklużi l-uffiċjali u l-istaff temporanju u estern) – ara d-dettalji taħt il-punt 8.2.1.

Annual requirements Total number of human resources: | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 and later |

Ħtiġijiet Annwali Għadd totali ta’ riżorsi umani | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 u wara |

EAC | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 see (i) |

EAC | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 ara (i) |

DGT | 22.6 | 80.2 | 80 | 80 | 80 | 80 see (ii) |

DGT | 22.6 | 80.2 | 80 | 80 | 80 | 80 ara (ii) |

SCIC |

SCIC |

INFSO |

INFSO |

Total | 22.6 | 81.2 | 81 | 81 | 81 | 81 |

Total | 22.6 | 81.2 | 81 | 81 | 81 | 81 |

Notes :

Noti:

(i) These proposals involve the recruitment of 1 additional FTE at grade A* [as set out in COM (2005) 356]

(i) Dawn il-proposti jinvolvu l-ingaġġ ta’ FTE addizzjonali fi grad A* [kif hemm fil-COM (2005) 356]

(ii) All other staff referred to in the table above are internal redeployments within existing staff allocations.

(ii) L-istaff l-ieħor kollu li jidher fit-tabella hawn fuq ġie ri-organizzat internament bl-istaff li diġa jeżisti.

5. CHARACTERISTICS AND OBJECTIVES

5. KARATTERISTIKI U GĦANIJIET

Details of the context of the proposal are required in the Explanatory Memorandum. This section of the Financial Statement should include the following specific complementary information:

Id-dettalji tal-kuntest tal-proposta huma meħtieġa fil-Memorandum ta’ Spjegazzjoni. Din it-taqsima tar-Rapport Finanzjarju għandha tinkludi l-informazzjoni speċifika komplementari li ġejja:

5.1. Need to be met in the short or long term

5.1 Ħtieġa li jintlaħqu fil-medda taż-żmien twila jew qasira

The Communication identifies a series of needs in the field of Multilingualism in European Union society, economy and Institutions.

Il-Komunikazzjoni tidentifka għadd ta’ ħtiġijiet fil-qasam tal-Multilingwiżmu fis-soċjetà, l-ekonomija u l-Istituzzjonijiet ta’ l-Unjoni Ewropea.

5.2. Value-added of Community involvement and coherence of the proposal with other financial instruments and possible synergy

5.2 Valur miżjud ta’ l-involviment tal-Komunità u l-koerenza tal-proposta ma’ strumenti finanzjarji oħra u s-sinerġija potenzjali

The added-value is provided by the Commission taking the lead in identifying areas in which action needs to be taken, and proposing action either by Member States or by the Commission, in pursuit of objectives that will benefit the whole Union.

Il-valur miżjud jingħata mill-Kummissjoni li tieħu l-inizjattiva li tidentifika dawk l-oqsma fejn jinħtieġ li tittieħed azzjoni, u li tipproponi azzjoni jew mill-Istat Membru jew mill-Kummissjoni, bil-ħsieb li jitwettqu l-għanijiet li sejrin jibbenefikaw l-Unjoni kollha.

5.3. Objectives, expected results and related indicators of the proposal in the context of the ABM framework

5.3 Għanijiet , riżultati mistennija u indikaturi marbuta tal-proposta fil-kuntest tal-qafas ABM

The main objectives are: an improvement in the extent to which citizens are multilingual; a better understanding of the role of multilingualism in the European Union economy and a more coherent approach to multilingualism in the relations between the Commission and citizens.

L-għanijiet ewlenin huma: titjib fil-livell tal-multilingwiżmu taċ-ċittadini; ftehim aħjar tar-rwol tal-multilingwiżmu fl-ekonomija ta’ l-Unjoni Ewropea u approċċ aktar koerenti għall-multilingwiżmu fir-relazzjonijiet bejn il-Kummissjoni u ċ-ċittadini.

A review of progress towards these objectives is proposed for 2007.

Qiegħda ssir proposta għal ħarsa lura lejn il-progress f’dawn l-għanijiet fl-2007.

5.4 Method of Implementation (indicative)

5.4 Metodu ta’ l-Implimentazzjoni (indikattiv)

Show below the method(s)[44] chosen for the implementation of the action.

Uri l-metodu/i[44] hawn taħt li ntgħażel/lu għall-implementazzjoni ta’ l-azzjoni.

( Centralised Management

( Tmexxija Ċċentralizzata

aaaaaa( Directly by the Commission

aaaaaa( Direttament mill-Kummissjoni

aaaaaa( Indirectly by delegation to:

aaaaaa( Indirettament b’delegazzjoni lil:

aaaaaaaaaaaa(aaaaaaExecutive Agencies

aaaaaaaaaaaa( Aġenziji Eżekuttivi

aaaaaaaaaaaa(aaaaaaBodies set up by the Communities as referred to in art. 185 of the aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaFinancial Regulation

aaaaaaaaaaaa( Korpi mwaqqfa mill-Komunitajiet kif imsemmija fl-aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaArtikolu 185 tar-Regolamenti Finanzjarji

aaaaaaaaaaaa(aaaaaaNational public-sector bodies/bodies with public-service mission

aaaaaaaaaaaa( Korpi tas-settur publiku nazzjonali/korpi b’missjoni tas-aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaasettur pubbliku

( Shared or decentralised management

( Tmexxija maqsuma jew iddeċentralizzata

aaaaaa(aaaaaWith Member states

aaaaaa( Ma’ Stati Membri

aaaaaa(aaaaaWith Third countries

aaaaaa( Ma’ pajjiżi Terzi

( Joint management with international organisations (please specify)

( Tmexxija flimkien ma’ organizzazzjonijiet internazzjonali (jekk aaaaa jogħġbok ispeċifika)

Relevant comments:

Rimarki relevanti:

6. MONITORING AND EVALUATION

6. MONITORAĠĠ U VALUTAZZJONI

6.1. Monitoring system

6.1 Sistema ta’ monitoraġġ

The actions referred to in this Communication will be monitored by means of the systems already in operation for the programmes and budgets lines to which they relate.

L-azzjonijiet imsemmija f’din il-Komunikazzjoni se jiġu mmonitorjati permezz ta’ sistemi li diġà qegħdin jitħaddmu fil-programmi u l-linji tal-baġit li huma marbuta magħhom.

6.2. Evaluation

6.2 Valutazzjoni

6.2.1. Ex-ante evaluation

6.2.1 Valutazzjoni ex-ante

No ex-ante evaluation has taken place. The Communication is, of its nature, an assessment of the current state in key aspects of multilingualism.

Ma saret l-ebda valutazzjoni ex-ante . Il-Komunikazzjoni hija, min-natura tagħha stess, valutazzjoni ta’ l-istat kurrenti ta’ aspetti importanti fil-multilingwiżmu.

6.2.2. Measures taken following an intermediate/ex-post evaluation (lessons learned from similar experiences in the past)

6.2.2 Il-miżuri meħuda wara valutazzjoni intermedja/ ex post (lezzjonijiet li wieħed jitgħallem minn esperjenzi simili fil-passat)

-

-

6.2.3. Terms and frequency of future evaluation

6.2.3 Termini u frekwenza tal-valutazzjoni fil-futur

see 6.1.

ara 6.1.

7. ANTI-FRAUD MEASURES

7. Miżuri kontra l-frodi

The anti-fraud measures for the actions referred to in this Communication will be the same as those already in operation for the programmes and budgets lines to which they relate.

Il-miżuri kontra l-frodi għall-azzjonijiet msemmija f’din il-Komunikazzjoni se jkunu l-istess bħal dawk diġà operattivi għall-programmi u l-linji tal-baġit li huma maħsuba għalihom.

8. DETAILS OF RESOURCES

8. DETTALJI TAR-RIŻORSI

8.1. Objectives of the proposal in terms of their financial cost

8.1 Għanijiet tal-proposta f’termini ta’ l-ispejjeż finanzjarji

Commitment appropriations in EUR million (to 3 decimal places)

Allokazzjonijiet ta’ flus f’EUR miljuni (sa tliet postijiet deċimali)

Notes:

2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 u wara |

The needs for human and administrative resources shall be covered within the allocation granted to the managing DG in the framework of the annual allocation procedure.

Uffiċjali jew staff[46] temporanju (XX 01 01) | A*/AD | 0,5 | 0,5 | 0,5 | 0,5 | 0,5 ara (i) |

(i) These proposals involve the recruitment of 1 additional FTE [as set out in COM (2005) 356]

B*, C*/AST | 22.6 | 79.7 | 79.5 | 79.5 | 79.5 | 79.5 ara (ii) |

(ii) All other staff referred to in the table above are internal redeployments within existing staff allocations. It should be noted that one option for resourcing the proposed Multilingualism network would involve the redeployment of 23 existing A* staff from DGT to other DGs. The individuals would be seconded to the other DGs, but their posts would remain with DGT. These redeployments are included in this table.

Staff iffinanzjat[47] permezz ta’ l-Artikolu XX 01 02 |

8.2.2. Description of tasks deriving from the action

Staff[48] ieħor iffinanzjat permezz ta’ l-Artikolu XX 01 04/05 |

8.2.3. Sources of human resources (statutory)

TOTAL | 22.6 | 81.2 | 81 | 81 | 81 | 81 |

(When more than one source is stated, please indicate the number of posts originating from each of the sources)

Noti:

( Posts currently allocated to the management of the programme to be replaced or extended

Il-bżonnijiet tar-riżorsi umani u amministrattivi għandhom ikunu koperti mill-allokazzjoni mogħtija lid-DĠ li qiegħed imexxi fil-qafas tal-proċedura annwali ta' allokazzjoni.

( Posts pre-allocated within the APS/PDB exercise for year n

(i) Dawn il-proposti jinvolvu l-ingaġġ ta’ FTE addizzjonali [kif hemm fil-COM (2005) 356]

( Posts to be requested in the next APS/PDB procedure

(ii) L-istaff l-ieħor kollu li jidher fit-tabella hawn fuq ġie ri-organizzat internament bl-istaff li diġà jeżisti. Ta’ min wieħed jinnota li waħda mill-għażliet biex jinstabu r-riżorsi għan-netwerk tal-Multilingwismu tinvolvi ri-organizzazzjoni ta’ 23 persuna ta’ l-istaff A* kurrenti mid-DGT għad-DGs l-oħra. L-individwi jiġu ssekondati għal DGs oħra, iżda il-pożizzjoni tagħhom tibqa’ fid-DGT. Dawn ir-ri-organizzazzjonijiet huma inklużi f’din it-tabella.

( Posts to be redeployed using existing resources within the managing service (internal redeployment)

8.2.2 Deskrizzjoni tal-ħidmiet li joħorġu minn din l-azzjoni

( Posts required for year n although not foreseen in the APS/PDB exercise of the year in question

8.2.3 Sorsi tar-riżorsi umani (statutorji)

8.2.4. Other Administrative expenditure included in reference amount (XX 01 04/05 – Expenditure on administrative management)

(Meta jissemma aktar minn sors wieħed, jekk jogħġbik indika l-għadd ta’ pożizzjonijet li joriġinaw minn kull sors)

EUR million (to 3 decimal places)

( Il-pożizzjonijiet kurrenti allokati għat-tmexxija tal-programm li għandhom jiġu sostitwiti jew estiżi

Budget line (number and heading) | Year n | Year n+1 | Year n+2 | Year n+3 | Year n+4 | Year n+5 and later | TOTAL |

( Pożizzjonijiet allokati minn qabel fl-eżerċizzju APS/PDB għas-sena n

Other technical and administrative assistance |

( Pożizzjonijiet mitluba fil-proċedura ta’ l-APS/ADB li jmiss

- intra muros |

( Pożizzjonijiet li jridu jiġu ri-organizzati bl-istess riżorsi eżistenti fis-servizz tat-tmexxija (ri-organizzazzjoni interna)

- extra muros |

( Pożizzjonijiet meħtieġa għas-sena n għalkemm mhux previsti fl-eżerċizzju ta’ l-APS/PDB tas-sena kkonċernata

Total Technical and administrative assistance |

8.2.4 Nfiq amministrativ ieħor inkluż fl-ammont (XX 01 04/05 – Infiq fuq it-tmexxija amministrattiva)

8.2.5. Financial cost of human resources and associated costs not included in the reference amount

EUR miljuni (sa tliet postijiet deċimali)

EUR million (to 3 decimal places)

Linja tal-Baġit (numru u intestatura) | Sena n | Sena n+1 | Sena n+2 | Sena n+3 | Sena n+4 | Sena n+5 u wara | TOTAL |

Type of human resources | Year n | Year n+1 | Year n+2 | Year n+3 | Year n+4 | Year n+5 and later |

Assistenza teknika u amministrattiva oħra |

Officials and temporary staff (XX 01 01) |

- intra muros |

Staff financed by Art XX 01 02 (auxiliary, END, contract staff, etc.) (specify budget line) |

- extra muros |

Total cost of Human Resources and associated costs (NOT in reference amount) |

Assistenza teknika u amministrattiva totali |

Calculation– Officials and Temporary agents

8.2.5 Spiża finanzjarja tar-riżorsi umani u l-ispejjeż marbuta magħhom mhux inklużi fl-ammont ta’ referenza

Reference should be made to Point 8.2.1, if applicable

EUR miljuni (sa tliet postijiet deċimali)

Calculation– Staff financed under art. XX 01 02

Tip ta’ risorsi umani | Sena n | Sena n+1 | Sena n+2 | Sena n+3 | Sena n+4 | Sena n+5 u wara |

Reference should be made to Point 8.2.1, if applicable

Uffiċjali u staff temporanju (XX 01 01) |

8.2.6. Other administrative expenditure not included in reference amount

Staff iffinanzjat permezz ta’ l-Artikolu XX 01 02 (awżiljarju, END, kuntratturi, eċċ) (speċifika l-linja tal-baġit) |

EUR million (to 3 decimal places) |

Spiża finanzjarja totali tar-Riżorsi Umani u l-ispejjeż marbuta magħhom (MHUX inklużi fl-ammont ta’ referenza) |

XX 01 02 11 02 – Meetings & Conferences continue to play a full part in the International Annual Meeting on Language arrangements, documentation and publication | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.06 |

Kalkolazzjoni – Uffiċjali u Aġenti temporanji

XX 01 02 11 03 – Committees[49] |

Għandha ssir referenza għal Punt 8.2.1, jekk ikun applikabbli

XX 01 02 11 04 – Studies & consultations |

Kalkolazzjoni – Staff iffinanzjat taħt l-Artikolu XX 01 02

XX 01 02 11 05 - Information systems |

Għandha ssir referenza għal Punt 8.2.1, jekk ikun applikabbli

XX01021107 Actions de formation et de perfectionnement des interprètes |

8.2.6 Infiq amministrattiv ieħor mhux inkluż fl-ammont ta’ referenza

offer universities grants and teaching assistance in the domain of conference interpreting, help develop distance learning tools and fund student bursaries and training visits; | 0.935 | 0.935 | 0.935 | 0.935 | 0.935 | 0.935 | 5.61 |

EUR miljuni (sa tliet postijiet deċimali)

support the European Master’s in Conference Interpreting and Conference Management | 0.082 | 0.082 | 0.082 | 0.082 | 0.082 | 0.082 | 4.92 |

2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 u wara | TOTAL |

2 Total Other Management Expenditure (XX 01 02 11) | 1.027 | 1.027 | 1.027 | 1.027 | 1.027 | 1.027 | 10.59 |

XX 01 02 11 01 – Missjonijet |

3 Other expenditure of an administrative nature (specify including reference to budget line) |

XX 01 02 11 02 – Laqgħat u Konferenzi it-tkomplija ta’ l-għoti ta’ sehem sħiħ fl-arranġamenti, id-dokumentazzjoni u l-pubblikazzjoni tal-Laqgħa Internazzjonali Annwali dwar il-Lingwi | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.06 |

Total Administrative expenditure, other than human resources and associated costs (NOT included in reference amount) |

XX 01 02 11 03 – Kumitati[49] |

Calculation - Other administrative expenditure not included in reference amount

XX 01 02 11 04 – Studji u konsultazzjonijiet |

[1] 21 with the inclusion of Irish from 2007; 23 when Bulgarian and Romanian are added.

XX 01 02 11 05 – Sistemi ta’ l-informazzjoni |

[2] See the Euromosaic study athttp://europa.eu.int/comm/education/policies/lang/languages/langmin/euromosaic/index_en.html

XX01021107 Azzjonijiet ta’ taħriġ u ta’ perfezzjonament ta’ l-interpreti |

[3] Official Journal C 364, 18.12.2000, p. 1.

offerta ta’ għotjiet universitarji u assistenza għat-tagħlim fil-qasam ta’ l-interpretazzjoni fil-konferenzi, assistenza fl-iżvilupp ta’ l-għodda għat-tagħlim mill-bogħod u l-finanzjament ta’ boroż ta’ studju għall-istudenti u żjarat ta’ taħriġ; | 0.935 | 0.935 | 0.935 | 0.935 | 0.935 | 0.935 | 5.61 |

[4] See the Resolution of the European Parliament and the Council concerning the European Year of Languages 2001 (1934/2000) of 17/07/2000.

appoġġ għall-lawrja tal-Masters fl-Interpretazzjoni fil-Konferenzi u t-Tmexxija tal-Konferenzi | 0.082 | 0.082 | 0.082 | 0.082 | 0.082 | 0.082 | 4.92 |

[5] Understanding of other cultures comes from learning the languages that give expression to those cultures; that is why the Commission does not promote the use of artificial languages which, by definition, have no cultural references.

2 Infiq Ieħor Totali tat-Tmexxija (XX 01 02 11) | 1.027 | 1.027 | 1.027 | 1.027 | 1.027 | 1.027 | 10.59 |

[6] Barcelona European Council, 15 and 16 March 2002, Presidency Conclusions, part I, 43.1.

3 Infiq ieħor ta’ natura amministrattiva (speċifika b’referenza għal-linja tal-baġit) |

[7] COM (2003)449: Promoting Language Learning and Linguistic Diversity: an Action Plan 2004 – 2006 ; COM (1995)590: White Paper ‘Teaching and Learning’

Spejjeż Amministrattivi totali, minbarra dawk tar-riżorsi umani u l-ispejjeż marbuta magħhom, (MHUX inklużi fl-ammont ta’ referenza) |

[8] Eurobarometer 63.4

Kalkolazzjoni - Infiq amministrattiv ieħor mhux inkluż fl-ammont ta’ referenza

[9] Key data on teaching languages at school in Europe , Eurydice, 2005, ISBN 92 894 8681-3.

[1] 21 bl-inklużjoni ta’ l-Irlandiż mill-2007; 23 meta jiżdiedu l-Bulgaru u r-Rumen.

[10] COM(2003)449

[2] Ara l-istudju Euromosaic fihttp://europa.eu.int/comm/education/policies/lang/languages/langmin/euromosaic/index_en.html

[11] COM(2003)449

[3] Ġurnal Uffiċjali C 364, 18.12.2000, p. 1.

[12] http://europa.eu.int/comm/education/policies/lang/key/studies_en.html

[4] Ara d-Deċiżjoni tal-Parlament Ewropew u l-Kunsill rigward is-Sena Ewropea tal-Lingwi 2001 (1934/2000) tas-17.7.2000.

[13] http://www.eblul.org

[5] Li tifhem kulturi oħra jiġi mit-tagħlim tal-lingwi li jesprimu dawk il-kulturi; huwa għalhekk li l-Kummissjoni ma tħeġġiġx l-użu ta’ lingwi artifiċjali li, mid-definizzjoni tagħhom, m’għandhomx referenzi kulturali.

[14] http://www.mercator-central.org/

[6] Il-Kunsill Ewropew ta’ Barċellona, 15 u 16 ta’ Marzu 2002, Il-Konklużjonijiet tal-Presidenza, parti I, 43.1.

[15] Feasibility Study concerning the Creation of a European Agency for Linguistic Diversity and Language Learning, Final Report, May 2005;http://europa.eu.int/comm/education/policies/lang/doc/linguistic_diversity_study_en.pdf

[7] COM(2003) 449 Il-Promozzjoni tat-Tagħlim tal-Lingwa u d-Diversità Lingwistika: Pjan ta’ Azzjoni 2004 – 2006; COM(1995) 590: White Paper ‘It-Tagħlim u l-istudju tal-lingwi (‘Teaching and Learning’)

[16] COM (2005) 24 of 02 02 2005.

[8] Ewrobarometru 63.4

[17] http://europa.eu.int/growthandjobs/pdf/integrated_guidelines_en.pdf

[9] Key data on teaching languages at school in Europe , Eurydice, 2005, ISBN 92 894 8681-3.

[18] The Group of Experts on Languages was established in the framework of the Education and Training 2010 process and comprises one expert nominated by most Member States.

[10] COM (2003) 449

[19] The most recent report is available at:http://europa.eu.int/comm/education/policies/2010/doc/lang2004.pdf

[11] COM (2003) 449

[20] European Profile for Language Teacher Education – A Frame of Reference by Michael Kelly, Michael Grenfell et al., Southampton University, UK

[12] http://europa.eu.int/comm/education/policies/lang/key/studies_en.html

[21] Key Data on Teaching Languages at School in Europe , Op cit.

[13] http://www.eblul.org

[22] COM(2003)449

[14] http://www.mercator-central.org/

[23] COM(2005)356

[15] Studju ta’ Fattibilità fuq il-Ħolqien ta’ Aġenzija Ewropea għad-Diversità Lingwistika u għat-Tagħlim tal-Lingwi, Rapport Finali, Mejju 2005;http://europa.eu.int/comm/education/policies/lang/doc/linguistic_diversity_study_en.pdf

[24] These plans should be based upon Integrated Guideline N° 23 and form part of the national plans that Member States are producing in the context of the Lisbon Action Plan for growth and jobs. (http://europa.eu.int/growthandjobs/pdf/integrated_guidelines_en.pdf)

[16] COM(2005) 24 tat-2.2.2005.

[25] European Profile for Language Teacher Education – A Frame of Reference http://europa.eu.int/comm/education/policies/lang/doc/profile_en.pdf

[17] http://europa.eu.int/growthandjobs/pdf/integrated_guidelines_en.pdf

[26] E.g.: the study by CILT, the UK national language centre, released in 2005: http://www.cilt.org.uk/key/talkingworldclass.pdf

[18] Il-Grupp ta’ Esperti fuq il-Lingwi kien stabbilit fil-qafas tal-proċess ta’ l-Edukazzjoni u t-Taħriġ 2010 u jinkludi espert wieħed innominat mill-biċċa l-kbira ta’ l-Istati Membri.

[27] COM(2002)72 final.

[19] L-aktar rapport riċenti jinsab fi:http://europa.eu.int/comm/education/policies/2010/doc/lang2004.pdf

[28] Article 16 (1) of Directive 2000/13/EC of the Parliament and of the Council of 20 March 2000 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to the labelling, presentation and advertising of foodstuffs, Official Journal 109, 6.5.2000, p. 29; Communication of 10 November 1993 concerning language use in the information of consumers in the Community: COM (1993)456 final.

[20] European Profile for Language Teacher Education – A Frame of Reference ta’ Michael Kelly, Michael Grenfell et al., Southampton University, UK

[29] 2005/29/EC

[21] Key Data on Teaching Languages at School in Europe , Op cit.

[30] eContent, eContent plus, Media and eLearning

[22] COM (2003) 449

[31] However, it has been estimated that the world’s top 20 companies providing translation services employ over 10 000 people and have an annual revenue of over €1 200 million; around two fifths of this activity is estimated to take place in the European Union.(see http://www.commonsenseadvisory.com/en/research/top_20.htm).

[23] COM (2005) 356

[32] Translation services — Service requirements, document WI CSA07001, prepared by the Technical Committee CEN/BTTF 138.

[24] Dawn il-pjanijiet għandhom ikunu ibbażati fuq il-Linji ta’ Gwida Integrati Nru 23 u jifformaw parti mill-pjanijiet nazzjonali li l-Istati Membri qed jipproduċu fil-kuntest tal-Pjan ta’ Azzjoni ta’ Liżbona għat-tkabbir u l-impjiegi.(http://europa.eu.int/growthandjobs/pdf/integrated_guidelines_en.pdf)

[33] The International Association of Conference Interpreters has around 3 000 individual members, of whom around half are in the European Union.

[25] Profil Ewropew għall-Edukazzjoni ta’ l-Għalliema tal-Lingwi – Sistema ta’ Riferiment (http://europa.eu.int/comm/education/policies/lang/doc/profile_en.pdf)

[34] COM (2005) 229 and 465

[26] Eż.: l-istudju mis-CILT, iċ-ċentru nazzjonali tal-lingwa tar-Renju Unit, maħruġ fl-2005: http://www.cilt.org.uk/key/talkingworldclass.pdf

[35] No 1 of 1958, determining the languages to be used by the European Economic Community.

[27] COM(2002) 72.

[36] http://europa.eu.int/eur-lex/lex

[28] L-Artikolu 16(1) tad-Direttiva 2000/13/KE tal-Parlament u tal-Kunsill ta’ l-20 ta’ Marzu 2000 dwar l-approssimazzjoni tal-liġijiet ta’ l-Istati Membri li għandhom x’jaqsmu ma’ l-ittikkettar, il-preżentazzjoni u r-riklamar ta’ oġġetti ta’ l-ikel, Ġurnal Uffiċjali 109, tas-6.5.2000, p.29; Komunikazzjoni ta’ l-10 ta’ Novembru 1993 dwar l-użu tal-lingwa fl-informazzjoni lill-konsumaturi fil-Komunità: (3) COM(1993) 456.

[37] http://europa.eu.int/youreuropehttp://europa.eu.int/citizensrights/signpost

[29] 2005/29/KE

[38] http://europa.eu.int/idabc/

[30] eContent, eContent plus, Media u eLearning

[39] Eurobarometer Report 63.4; http://europa.eu.int/comm/public_opinion/archives/eb/eb63/eb63_en.htm

[31] Iżda, kien stmat li l-aqwa 20 kumpanija tad-dinja li jipprovdu servizzi ta’ traduzzjoni jimpjegaw ’il fuq minn 10 000 persuna u għandhom dħul annwali ta’ ’l fuq minn €1 200 miljun; madwar tnejn minn ħamsa ta’ din l-attività sseħħ fl-Unjoni Ewropea.(ara http://www.commonsenseadvisory.com/en/research/top_20.htm).

[40] Expenditure that does not fall under Chapter xx 01 of the Title xx concerned.

[32] Translation services — Service requirements (Servizzi tat-Traduzzjoni – Rekwiżiti għas-Servizz , dokument WI CSA07001, ippreparat mill-Kumitat Tekniku CEN/BTTF 138.

[41] Expenditure within article xx 01 04 of Title xx.

[33] L-Assoċjazzjoni Internazzjonali ta’ l-Interpreti tal-Konferenzi għandha madwar 3 000 membru individwali, li madwar nofshom huma fl-Unjoni Ewropea.

[42] Expenditure within chapter xx 01 other than articles xx 01 04 or xx 01 05.

[34] COM(2005) 229 u 465

[43] See points 19 and 24 of the Interinstitutional agreement.

[35] Nru. 1 tal-1958, li jiddetermina l-lingwi li għandhom jintużaw mill-Komunità Ekonomika Ewropea.

[44] If more than one method is indicated please provide additional details in the "Relevant comments" section of this point

[36] http://europa.eu.int/eur-lex/lex

[45] As described under Section 5.3

[37] http://europa.eu.int/youreuropehttp://europa.eu.int/citizensrights/signpost

[46] Cost of which is NOT covered by the reference amount

[38] http://europa.eu.int/idabc/

[47] Cost of which is NOT covered by the reference amount

[39] Rapport ta’ l-Ewrobarometru 63.4;http://europa.eu.int/comm/public_opinion/archives/eb/eb63/eb63_en.htm

[48] Cost of which is included within the reference amount

[40] Infiq li ma jaqax taħt il-Kapitolu xx 01 tat-Titolu xx ikkonċernat.

[49] Specify the type of committee and the group to which it belongs.

[41] Infiq inkluż fl-Artikolu xx 01 04 tat-Titolu xx.

[42] Infiq inkluż fil-Kapitolu xx 01 minbarra fl-Artikoli xx 01 04 jew xx 01 05.

[43] Ara l-Punti 19 u 24 tal-Ftehim Interistituzzjonali.

[44] Jekk jiġi indikat aktar minn metodu wieħed, jekk jogħġbok agħti aktar dettalji dwar dan il-punt fit-taqsima “Rimarki Relevanti”.

[45] Kif imfisser fl-Artikolu 5.3

[46] L-ispiża ta’ dawn MA TAQAX taħt l-ammont ta’ referenza

[47] L-ispiża ta’ dawn MA TAQAX taħt l-ammont ta’ referenza

[48] L-ispiża ta’ dawn taqa’ taħt l-ammont ta’ referenza

[49] Speċifka t-tip ta’ kumitat u l-grupp li jagħmel parti minnu.

5%

9%

9%

13%

12%

18%

13%

5%

2%

11%

12%

34%

1%

2%

1%

1%

5%

3%

Oħrajn

(SPONTANJI)

Ir-Russu

L-Olandiż

Il-Pullakk

L-Ispanjol

It-Taljan

Il-Franċiż

Il-Ġermaniż

L-Ingliż

Ilsien omm

Ilsien barrani

TOTALI

47%

30%

23%

15%

14%

10%

6%

6%

5%

Persuni li jistgħu jipparteċipaw f’konverżazzjoni f’lingwa oħra li ma tkunx dik ta’ art twelidhom

% pajjiż

29%

30%

36%

36%

36%

41%

45%

49%

49%

50%

58%

60%

62%

66%

69%

71%

72%

87%

88%

88%

89%

90%

91%

93%

99%

93%

HU

UK

PT

IT

ES

IE

FR

PL

EL

EU25

AT

CZ

DE

FI

SK

BE

CY

EE

SE

DK

SI

LT

NL

MT

LV

LU