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Directive 2009/31/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council
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Direttiva 2009/31/KE tal-Parlament Ewropew u tal-Kunsill
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of 23 April 2009
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tat- 23 ta’ April 2009
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on the geological storage of carbon dioxide and amending Council Directive 85/337/EEC, European Parliament and Council Directives 2000/60/EC, 2001/80/EC, 2004/35/EC, 2006/12/EC, 2008/1/EC and Regulation (EC) No 1013/2006
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dwar il-ħżin ġeoloġiku tad-dijossidu tal-karbonju u li temenda d-Direttiva tal-Kunsill 85/337/KEE, id-Direttivi 2000/60/KE, 2001/80/KE, 2004/35/KE, 2006/12/KE, 2008/1/KE u r-Regolament (KE) Nru 1013/2006
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(Text with EEA relevance)
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(Test b’rilevanza għaż-ŻEE)
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THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION,
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IL-PARLAMENT EWROPEW U L-KUNSILL TAL-UNJONI EWROPEA,
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Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, and in particular Article 175(1) thereof,
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Wara li kkunsidraw it-Trattat li jistabbilixxi l-Komunità Ewropea, u b’mod partikolari l-Artikolu 175(1) tiegħu,
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Having regard to the proposal from the Commission,
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Wara li kkunsidraw il-proposta mill-Kummissjoni,
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Having regard to the opinion of the European Economic and Social Committee [1],
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Wara li kkunsidraw l-opinjoni tal-Kumitat Ekonomiku u Soċjali Ewropew [1],
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After consulting the Committee of the Regions,
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Wara li kkonsultaw lill-Kumitat tar-Reġjuni,
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Acting in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 251 of the Treaty [2],
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Filwaqt li jaġixxu konformement mal-proċedura stabbilita fl-Artikolu 251 tat-Trattat [2],
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Whereas:
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Billi:
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(1) The ultimate objective of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, which was approved by Council Decision 94/69/EC of 15 December 1993 [3], is to stabilise greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system.
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(1) L-għan aħħari tal-Konvenzjoni Qafas tan-Nazzjonijiet Uniti dwar it-Tibdil fil-Klima, li ġiet approvata bid-Deċiżjoni tal-Kunsill 94/69/KE tal- 15 ta’ Diċembru 1993 [3], huwa li tinkiseb stabbilizzazzjoni tal-konċentrazzjonijiet tal-gassijiet serra fl-atmosfera f’livell li jimpedixxi interferenza antropoġenika perikoluża mas-sistema tal-klima.
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(2) The Sixth Community Environment Action Programme established by Decision No 1600/2002/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 July 2002 [4] identifies climate change as a priority for action. That programme recognises that the Community is committed to achieving an 8 % reduction in emissions of greenhouse gases by 2008 to 2012 compared to 1990 levels, and that, in the longer term, global emissions of greenhouse gases will need to be reduced by approximately 70 % compared to 1990 levels.
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(2) Is-Sitt Programm ta’ Azzjoni Ambjentali Komunitarju stabbilit bid-Deċiżjoni Nru 1600/2002/KE tal-Parlament Ewropew u tal-Kunsill tat- 22 ta’ Lulju 2002 [4] jidentifika t-tibdil fil-klima bħala priorità għal azzjoni. Dak il-Programm jirrikonoxxi li l-Komunità hija impenjata li tikseb tnaqqis ta’ 8 % fl-emissjonijiet tal-gassijiet serra bejn l-2008 u l-2012 komparat mal-livelli tal-1990, u li, fil-medda aktar fit-tul, l-emissjonijiet globali tal-gassijiet serra jkollhom jiġu mnaqqsa b’madwar 70 % komparati mal-livelli tal-1990.
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(3) The Commission Communication of 10 January 2007 entitled "Limiting global climate change to two degrees Celsius – The way ahead for 2020 and beyond" clarifies that in the context of the envisaged global reduction of greenhouse gas emissions of 50 % by 2050, a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions of 30 % in the developed world by 2020 is required, rising to 60 %-80 % by 2050, that this reduction is technically feasible and the benefits far outweigh the costs, but that, to achieve it, all mitigation options must be harnessed.
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(3) Il-Komunikazzjoni tal-Kummissjoni tal- 10 ta’ Jannar 2007 msejħa "Il-limitazzjoni tal-bidla klimatika globali għal żewġ gradi Celsius — It-triq ‘il quddiem għal 2020 u wara" tikkjarifika li fil-kuntest ta’ fit-tnaqqis globali previst tal-emissjonijiet tal-gassijiet serra ta’ 50 % sal-2050, huwa meħtieġ tnaqqis fl-emissjonijiet tal-gassijiet serra ta’ 30 % fid-dinja żviluppata sal-2020, li jiżdied għal 60-80 % sal-2050, li dan it-tnaqqis huwa teknikament vijabbli u l-benefiċċji jaqbżu bil-kbir l-ispejjeż, iżda li, biex jinkiseb, għandhom jiġu użati l-alternattivi ta’ mitigazzjoni.
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(4) Carbon dioxide capture and geological storage (CCS) is a bridging technology that will contribute to mitigating climate change. It consists of the capture of carbon dioxide (CO2) from industrial installations, its transport to a storage site and its injection into a suitable underground geological formation for the purposes of permanent storage. This technology should not serve as an incentive to increase the share of fossil fuel power plants. Its development should not lead to a reduction of efforts to support energy saving policies, renewable energies and other safe and sustainable low carbon technologies, both in research and financial terms.
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(4) Il-proċess ta’ ġbir u ħżin ġeoloġiku tad-dijossidu tal-karbonju (CCS) huwa teknoloġija li sservi ta’ pont li jikkontribwixxi biex jittaffa t-tibdil fil-klima. Tikkonsisti fil-ġbir tad-dijossidu tal-karbonju (CO2) mill-impjanti industrijali, it-trasport tiegħu għal sit tal-ħżin u l-injezzjoni tiegħu f’formazzjoni ġeoloġika taħt l-art li tkun adegwata għall-finijiet ta’ ħżin permanenti. Din it-teknoloġija m’għandhiex isservi ta’ inċentiv biex jiżdied is-sehem ta’ impjanti ta’ enerġija operati permezz ta’ karburanti fossili. L-iżvilupp tagħha m’għandux iwassal għal tnaqqis fl-isforzi ta’ appoġġ għall-politika tal-iffrankar tal-enerġija, għall-enerġiji rinnovabbli u għal teknoloġiji oħra b’użu baxx ta’ karbonju li jkunu sikuri u sostenibbli, kemm f’termini ta’ riċerka kif ukoll finanzjarji.
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(5) Preliminary estimates, carried out with a view to assessing the impact of the Directive and referred to in the impact assessment of the Commission, indicate that seven million tonnes of CO2 could be stored by 2020, and up to 160 million tonnes by 2030, assuming a 20 % reduction in greenhouse gas emissions by 2020 and provided that CCS obtains private, national and Community support and proves to be an environmentally safe technology. The CO2 emissions avoided in 2030 could account for some 15 % of the reductions required in the Union.
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(5) L-istimi preliminari, imwettqa bil-ħsieb li ssir stima tal-impatt tad-Direttiva u msemmijin fl-istima tal-impatt magħmula mill-Kummissjoni, jindikaw li sal-2020 jistgħu jinħażnu seba’ miljun tunnellata ta’ CO2, u sa 160 miljun tunnellata sal-2030, jekk wieħed jassumi tnaqqis ta’ 20 % fl-emissjonijiet ta’ gassijiet serra sal-2020 u dment li s-CCS jikseb appoġġ privat, nazzjonali u Komunitarju u jirriżulta li jkun teknoloġija li ma toħloqx periklu ambjentali. L-emissjonijiet ta’ CO2 evitati fl-2030 jistgħu jipprovdu 15 % tat-tnaqqis meħtieġ fl-Unjoni.
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(6) The Second European Climate Change Programme, which was established by the Commission Communication of 9 February 2005 entitled "Winning the Battle Against Global Climate Change" to prepare and examine future climate policy in the Community, set up a Working Group on Carbon Capture and Geological Storage. The Working Group’s mandate was to explore CCS as a means of reducing climate change. The Working Group published a detailed report on the topic of regulation, which was adopted in June 2006. It stressed the need for the development of both policy and regulatory frameworks for CCS and urged the Commission to undertake further research into the subject.
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(6) It-Tieni Programm Ewropew dwar it-Tibdil Klimatiku, li ġie stabbilit mill-Komunikazzjoni tal-Kummissjoni tad- 9 ta’ Frar 2005 msejħa "Nirbħu l-Ġlieda Kontra t-Tibdil tal-Klima Dinjija" biex jipprepara u jeżamina l-politika futura dwar il-klima fil-Komunità, stabbilixxa Grupp ta’ Ħidma dwar il-Ġbir tal-Karbonju u l-Ħżin Ġeoloġiku. Il-mandat tal-Grupp ta’ Ħidma kien li jesplora s-CCS bħala mezz biex jitnaqqas it-tibdil fil-klima. Il-Grupp ta’ Ħidma ppubblika rapport dettaljat dwar is-suġġett tar-regolamentazzjoni, li kien adottat f’Ġunju 2006. Enfasizza l-bżonn tal-iżvilupp kemm tal-politika kif ukoll tal-qafas regolatorju għas-CCS u ħeġġeġ lill-Kummissjoni biex tagħmel aktar riċerka fuq is-suġġett.
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(7) The Commission Communication of 10 January 2007 entitled "Sustainable power generation from fossil fuels: aiming for near-zero emissions from coal after 2020" reiterated the need for a regulatory framework based on an integrated risk assessment for CO2 leakage, including site selection requirements designed to minimise the risk of leakage, monitoring and reporting regimes to verify storage and adequate remediation of any damage that may occur. The Communication set out an action plan for the Commission in this area during 2007, which required the development of a sound management framework for CCS, including the work on the regulatory framework, incentive framework, and support programmes, as well as external elements, for example technology cooperation with key countries on CCS.
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(7) Il-Komunikazzjoni tal-Kummissjoni tal- 10 ta’ Jannar 2007 msejħa "Produzzjoni sostenibbli ta’ enerġija elettrika mill-karburanti fossili bil-għan li ma jkun hemm kważi l-ebda emissjoni mill-faħam wara l-2020" tenniet il-bżonn għal qafas regolatorju bbażat fuq stima tar-riskju integrata għat-tnixxija tas-CO2, inklużi rekwiżiti tal-għażla tas-sit imfassla biex jimminimizzaw ir-riskju ta’ tnixxija, reġimi ta’ monitoraġġ u rrappurtar biex jiġu vverifikati l-ħżin u rettifika adegwata ta’ kwalunkwe ħsara li tista’ tiġri. Il-Komunikazzjoni stabbilixxiet pjan ta’ azzjoni għall-Kummissjoni f’dan il-qasam matul l-2007, li kien jeħtieġ l-iżvilupp ta’ qafas affidabbli ta’ ġestjoni għas-CCS, inkluż xogħol fuq il-qafas regolatorju, il-qafas tal-inċentivi, u l-programmi ta’ sostenn, kif ukoll elementi esterni (eż. kooperazzjoni teknoloġika ma’ pajjiżi ewlenin dwar is-CCS).
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(8) The European Council of March 2007 also urged the Member States and the Commission to work towards strengthening research and development and developing the necessary technical, economic and regulatory framework in order to remove existing legal barriers and to bring environmentally safe CCS to deployment with new fossil power plants, if possible by 2020.
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(8) Il-Kunsill Ewropew ta’ Marzu 2007 ħeġġeġ ukoll lill-Istati Membri u lill-Kummissjoni biex jaħdmu lejn it-tisħiħ tar-riċerka u l-iżvilupp u lejn l-iżvilupp ta’ qafas tekniku, ekonomiku u regolatorju meħtieġ sabiex jitneħħew l-ostakli legali eżistenti u biex jibda jintuża s-CCS li ma jagħmilx ħsara lill-ambjent b’impjanti tal-enerġija ġodda li jużaw il-karburanti fossili, jekk ikun possibbli sal-2020.
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(9) The European Council of March 2008 recalled that the objective of proposing a regulatory framework on CCS was to ensure that this novel technology would be deployed in an environmentally safe way.
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(9) Il-Kunsill Ewropew ta’ Marzu 2008 fakkar li l-għan tal-proposta ta’ qafas regolatorju dwar is-CCS kien li jiġi żgurat li din it-teknoloġija ġdida tintuża b’mod li ma jagħmilx ħsara lill-ambjent.
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(10) The European Council of June 2008 called on the Commission to bring forward as soon as possible a mechanism to incentivise Member State and private sector investments to ensure the construction and operation by 2015 of up to 12 CCS demonstration plants.
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(10) Il-Kunsill Ewropew ta’ Ġunju 2008 appella lill-Kummissjoni biex malajr kemm jista’ jkun tistabbilixxi mekkaniżmu bħala inċentiv għall-investimenti tal-Istati Membri u tas-settur privat biex sal-2015 jiġu żgurati l-bini u l-operazzjoni ta’ sa 12-il impjant ta’ dimostrazzjoni tas-CCS.
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(11) Each of the different components of CCS, namely capture, transport and storage of CO2, has been the object of pilot projects on a smaller scale than that required for their industrial application. These components still need to be integrated into a complete CCS process, technological costs need to be reduced and more and better scientific knowledge has to be gathered. It is therefore important that Community efforts on CCS demonstration within an integrated policy framework start as soon as possible, including, in particular, a legal framework for the environmentally safe application of CO2 storage, incentives, notably for further research and development, efforts by means of demonstration projects, and public awareness measures.
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(11) Kull wieħed mill-komponenti differenti tas-CCS, jiġifieri l-ġbir, it-trasport u l-ħżin tas-CO2, kien is-suġġett ta’ proġetti pilota fuq skala iżgħar minn dik meħtieġa għall-applikazzjoni industrijali tagħhom. Dawn il-komponenti għad iridu jiġu integrati fi proċess sħiħ tas-CCS, jeħtieġ li jonqsu l-ispejjeż teknoloġiċi u tinġabar iżjed konoxxenza xjentifika u li jkun aħjar. Hu għalhekk importanti li l-isforzi tal-Komunità għad-dimostrazzjoni tas-CCS f’qafas ta’ politika integrata jibdew kemm jista’ jkun malajr, u jinkludu b’mod partikolari qafas legali għall-applikazzjoni ambjentali sikura tal-ħżin tas-CO2, inċentivi, b’mod partikolari għal aktar riċerka u żvilupp, sforzi permezz ta’ proġetti ta’ dimostrazzjoni kif ukoll miżuri ta’ sensibilizzazzjoni tal-kuxjenza pubblika.
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(12) At the international level, legal barriers to the geological storage of CO2 in geological formations under the seabed have been removed through the adoption of related risk management frameworks under the 1996 London Protocol to the 1972 Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping of Wastes and Other Matter (1996 London Protocol) and under the Convention for the Protection of the Marine Environment of the North-East Atlantic (OSPAR Convention).
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(12) Fil-livell internazzjonali, l-ostakli legali għall-ħżin ġeoloġiku tas-CO2 f’formazzjonijiet ġeoloġiċi taħt qiegħ il-baħar tneħħew permezz tal-adozzjoni ta’ qafas ta’ ġestjoni tar-riskju relatat taħt il-Protokoll ta’ Londra tal-1996 għall-Konvenzjoni tal-1972 fuq il-Prevenzjoni mit-Tniġġis tal-Baħar mir-Rimi ta’ Skart u Materja Oħra (Il-Protokoll ta’ Londra tal-1996) u l-Konvenzjoni dwar il-Protezzjoni tal-Ambjent Marin tal-Grigal tal-Atlantiku (il-Konvenzjoni OSPAR).
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(13) In 2006, the Contracting Parties to the 1996 London Protocol adopted amendments to the Protocol. These amendments allow and regulate the storage of CO2 streams from CO2 capture processes in geological formations under the seabed.
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(13) Fl-2006, il-Partijiet Kontraenti għall-Protokoll ta’ Londra tal-1996 adottaw emendi għall-Protokoll. Dawn l-emendi jippermettu u jirregolaw il-ħżin ta’ nixxiegħat ta’ CO2 mill-proċessi ta’ ġbir tas-CO2 f’formazzjonijiet ġeoloġiċi taħt qiegħ il-baħar.
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(14) The Contracting Parties to the OSPAR Convention in 2007 adopted amendments to the Annexes to the Convention to allow the storage of CO2 in geological formations under the seabed, a Decision to ensure environmentally safe storage of CO2 streams in geological formations, and OSPAR Guidelines for Risk Assessment and Management of that activity. They also adopted a Decision to prohibit placement of CO2 into the water-column of the sea and on the seabed, because of the potential negative effects.
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(14) Il-Partijiet Kontraenti għall-Konvenzjoni OSPAR fl-2007 adottaw emendi għall-Annessi tal-Konvenzjoni biex jippermettu l-ħżin tas-CO2 f’formazzjonijiet ġeoloġiċi taħt qiegħ il-baħar, Deċiżjoni biex jiġi żgurat ħżin li ma jagħmilx ħsara lill-ambjent ta’ nixxiegħat tas-CO2 f’formazzjonijiet ġeoloġiċi, u Linji Gwida taħt l-OSPAR għall-Istima u l-Ġestjoni tar-Riskju ta’ dik l-attività. Adottaw ukoll Deċiżjoni biex jipprojbixxu l-introduzzjoni tas-CO2 fil-kolonna tal-ilma tal-baħar u f’qiegħ il-baħar, minħabba l-effetti negattivi potenzjali.
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(15) At Community level, a number of legislative instruments are already in place to manage some of the environmental risks of CCS, in particular regarding capture and transport of CO2, and they should be used where possible.
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(15) Fil-livell tal-Komunità, hemm numru ta’ strumenti leġiżlattivi li huma diġà fis-seħħ għall-immaniġġar ta’ wħud mir-riskji ambjentali tas-CCS, b’mod partikolari fir-rigward tal-ġbir u t-trasport tas-CO2, u għandhom jiġu użati fejn ikun possibbli.
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(16) Directive 2008/1/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 January 2008 concerning integrated pollution prevention and control [5] is suitable for regulating, in respect of certain industrial activities, the risks of CO2 capture to the environment and human health and, as a result, should be applied to the capture of CO2 streams for the purposes of geological storage from installations covered by that Directive.
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(16) Fir-rigward ta’ ċerti attivitajiet industrijali, id-Direttiva 2008/1/KE tal-Parlament Ewropew u tal-Kunsill tal- 15 ta’ Jannar 2008 dwar il-prevenzjoni u l-kontroll integrati tat-tniġġiż [5] tirregola b’mod xieraq ir-riskji tal-ġbir tas-CO2 għall-ambjent u s-saħħa tal-bniedem u, b’riżultat ta’ dan, għandha tiġi applikata għall-ġbir tan-nixxiegħat tas-CO2 għall-finijiet tal-ħżin ġeoloġiku minn istallazzjonijiet koperti minn dik id-Direttiva.
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(17) Council Directive 85/337/EEC of 27 June 1985 on the assessment of the effects of certain public and private projects on the environment [6] should be applied to the capture and transport of CO2 streams for the purposes of geological storage. It should also apply to storage sites pursuant to this Directive.
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(17) Id-Direttiva tal-Kunsill 85/337/KEE tas- 27 ta’ Ġunju 1985 dwar l-istima tal-effetti ta’ ċerti proġetti pubbliċi u privati fuq l-ambjent [6] għandha tiġi applikata għall-ġbir u t-trasport tan-nixxiegħat tas-CO2 għall-finijiet ta’ ħżin ġeoloġiku. Għandha tapplika wkoll għas-siti tal-ħżin taħt din id-Direttiva.
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(18) This Directive should apply to the geological storage of CO2 within the territory of the Member States, in their exclusive economic zones and on their continental shelves. The Directive should not apply to projects with a total intended storage below 100 kilotonnes, undertaken for research, development or testing of new products and processes. This threshold would also seem appropriate for the purposes of other relevant Community legislation. The storage of CO2 in storage complexes extending beyond the territorial scope of this Directive and the storage of CO2 in the water column should not be permitted.
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(18) Din id-Direttiva għandha tapplika għall-ħżin ġeoloġiku tas-CO2 ġewwa t-territorju tal-Istati Membri, fiż-żoni ekonomiċi esklussivi tagħhom u fuq il-pjattaformi kontinentali tagħhom. Id-Direttiva m’għandhiex tapplika għall-proġetti bi ħżin proġettat totali ta’ inqas minn 100 kilo tunnellata, imwettqa għar-riċerka, l-iżvilupp jew l-ittestjar ta’ prodotti u proċessi ġodda. Dan il-limitu jidher adegwat ukoll għall-finijiet ta’ leġiżlazzjoni oħra rilevanti tal-Komunità. M’għandux ikun permess il-ħżin tas-CO2 f’kumplessi ta’ ħżin li jestendu lil hinn mill-ambitu territorjali ta’ din id-Direttiva u lanqas il-ħżin tas-CO2 fil-kolonna tal-ilma.
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(19) Member States should retain the right to determine the areas within their territory from which storage sites may be selected. This includes the right of Member States not to allow any storage in parts or on the whole of their territory, or to give priority to any other use of the underground, such as exploration, production and storage of hydrocarbons or geothermal use of aquifers. In this context, Member States should in particular give due consideration to other energy-related options for the use of a potential storage site, including options which are strategic for the security of the Member State’s energy supply or for the development of renewable sources of energy. The selection of the appropriate storage site is crucial to ensure that the stored CO2 will be completely and permanently contained. Member States should, in selecting storage sites, take account of their geological characteristics, for example seismicity, in the most objective and effective way possible. A site should therefore only be selected as a storage site, if there is no significant risk of leakage, and if in any case no significant environmental or health impacts are likely to occur. This should be determined through a characterisation and assessment of a potential storage complex pursuant to specific requirements.
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(19) L-Istati Membri għandhom iżommu d-dritt li jiddeterminaw iż-żoni ġewwa t-territorju tagħhom li minnhom jistgħu jiġu magħżula siti tal-ħżin. Dan jinkludi d-dritt tal-Istati Membri li ma jippermettu l-ebda ħżin f’partijiet mit-territorju jew fit-territorju kollu tagħhom, jew li jagħtu prijorità għal kwalunkwe użu ieħor ta’ taħt l-art, bħal ma huma l-esplorazzjoni, il-produzzjoni u l-ħżin tal-idrokarbonji jew l-użu ġeotermali tal-akwiferi. F’dan il-kuntest, l-Istati Membri għandhom b’mod partikolari jqisu wkoll l-għażliet l-oħra marbuta mal-enerġija għall-użu ta’ sit tal-ħżin potenzjali, inklużi għażliet li jkunu strateġiċi għas-sigurtà tal-provvista tal-enerġija ta’ Stat Membru jew għall-iżvilupp ta’ sorsi rinnovabbli tal-enerġija. L-għażla tas-sit adatt tal-ħżin hija kruċjali biex jiġi żgurat li s-CO2 maħżun ikun kompletament u permanentement konfinat. Meta jagħżlu s-siti tal-ħżin, l-Istati Membri għandhom iqisu l-karatteristiċi ġeoloġiċi tagħhom, pereżempju s-sismiċità, bl-aktar mod oġġettiv u effettiv possibbli. Sit għandu għalhekk jiġi magħżul bħala sit tal-ħżin biss, jekk ma jkun hemm l-ebda riskju sinifikanti ta’ tnixxija, u jekk fi kwalunkwe każ l-ebda impatti ambjentali jew għas-saħħa ma jkun probabbli li jiġru. Dan għandu jiġi ddeterminat permezz ta’ karatterizzazzjoni u valutazzjoni ta’ kumpless tal-ħżin potenzjali taħt rekwiżiti speċifiċi.
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(20) Enhanced Hydrocarbon Recovery (EHR) refers to the recovery of hydrocarbons in addition to those extracted by water injection or other means. EHR is not in itself included in the scope of this Directive. However, where EHR is combined with geological storage of CO2, the provisions of this Directive for the environmentally safe storage of CO2 should apply. In that case, the provisions of this Directive concerning leakage are not intended to apply to quantities of CO2 released from surface installations which do not exceed what is necessary in the normal process of extraction of hydrocarbons, and which do not compromise the security of the geological storage or adversely affect the surrounding environment. Such releases are covered by the inclusion of storage sites in Directive 2003/87/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 October 2003 establishing a scheme for greenhouse gas emission allowance trading within the Community [7], which requires surrender of emissions trading allowances for any leaked emissions.
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(20) L-Irkupru Mtejjeb tal-Idrokarbonju (EHR) jirriferi għall-irkupru tal-idrokarbonji addizzjonali għal dawk estratti bl-injezzjoni tal-ilma jew b’mezzi oħra. L-EHR fih innifsu mhuwiex inkluż fil-kamp ta’ applikazzjoni ta’ din id-Direttiva. Madankollu, fejn l-EHR jitwettaq flimkien mal-ħżin ġeoloġiku tas-CO2, għandhom japplikaw id-dispożizzjonijiet ta’ din id-Direttiva għall-ħżin ambjentali sigur tas-CO2. F’dak il-każ, id-dispożizzjonijiet ta’ din id-Direttiva li jikkonċernaw it-tnixxija mhumiex maħsuba biex japplikaw għall-kwantitajiet tas-CO2 li jiġu rilaxxati minn impjanti tal-wiċċ li ma jisbqux dak li jkun meħtieġ fil-proċess normali tal-estrazzjoni tal-idrokarbonji, u li ma jikkompromettux is-sigurtà tal-ħżin ġeoloġiku jew li jolqtu ħażin l-ambjent tal-madwar. Dawn ir-rilaxxi huma koperti bl-inklużjoni tas-siti tal-ħżin fid-Direttiva 2003/87/KE tal-Parlament Ewropew u tal-Kunsill tat- 13 ta’ Ottubru 2003 li tistabbilixxi skema għall-iskambju ta’ kwoti ta’ emissjonijiet ta’ gassijiet serra ġewwa l-Komunità [7], li teħtieġ li jiġu ċeduti kwoti tal-iskambju tal-emissjonijiet għal kwalunkwe emissjonijiet imnixxija.
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(21) Member States should make available to the public environmental information relating to geological storage of CO2 in accordance with applicable Community legislation.
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(21) L-Istati Membri għandhom jagħmlu disponibbli għall-pubbliku t-tagħrif ambjentali relatat mal-ħżin ġeoloġiku tas-CO2 konformement mal-leġiżlazzjoni Komunitarja applikabbli.
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(22) Member States which intend to allow geological storage of CO2 in their territory should undertake an assessment of the storage capacity available within their territory. The Commission should organise an exchange of information and best practices between those Member States, in the context of the exchange of information provided for in this Directive.
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(22) L-Istati Membri li jkollhom il-ħsieb li jippermettu l-ħżin ġeoloġiku tas-CO2 fit-territorju tagħhom għandhom jagħmlu evalwazzjoni tal-kapaċità ta’ ħżin disponibbli fit-territorju tagħhom. Il-Kummissjoni għandha torganizza skambju ta’ tagħrif u tal-aħjar prattika bejn dawk l-Istati Membri, fil-kuntest tal-iskambju ta’ tagħrif previst f’din id-Direttiva.
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(23) Member States should determine in which cases exploration is required to generate the information necessary for the site selection. Exploration, that is activities intruding into the subsurface, should be made subject to a permit requirement. Member States do not need to set admission criteria for procedures for granting exploration permits, but where they do, they should at least ensure that the procedures for the granting of exploration permits are open to all entities possessing the necessary capacities. Member States should also ensure that the permits are granted on the basis of objective, published and non-discriminatory criteria. In order to protect and encourage exploration investments, exploration permits should be granted for a limited volume area and for a limited time during which the holder of the permit should have the sole right to explore the potential CO2 storage complex. Member States should ensure that no conflicting uses of the complex are permitted during this time. If no activities are carried out within a reasonable time, Member States should ensure that the exploration permit is withdrawn and can be granted to other entities.
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(23) L-Istati Membri għandhom jiddeterminaw f’liema każijiet tkun meħtieġa esplorazzjoni biex jiġi ġġenerat it-tagħrif meħtieġ għall-għażla tas-sit. L-esplorazzjoni, jiġifieri l-attivitajiet li jidħlu taħt il-wiċċ, għandha ssir suġġetta għal rekwiżit ta’ permess. L-Istati Membri ma jeħtiġux jistabbilixxu kriterji ta’ ammissjoni għall-proċeduri biex jingħataw permessi għall-esplorazzjoni, iżda fejn huma jagħmlu dan, huma għandhom mill-inqas jiżguraw li l-proċeduri għall-għoti tal-permessi għall-esplorazzjoni jkunu miftuħa għall-entijiet kollha li jkollhom il-kapaċitajiet meħtieġa. L-Istati Membri għandhom jiżguraw ukoll li l-permessi jiġu mogħtija fuq il-bażi ta’ kriterji oġġettivi, pubblikati u non-diskriminatorji. Sabiex jiġu protetti u mħeġġa l-investimenti fl-esplorazzjoni, il-permessi għall-esplorazzjoni għandhom jingħataw għal żona u volum limitat u għal żmien limitat, li matulu d-detentur tal-permess għandu jkollu l-uniku dritt li jesplora l-kumpless tal-ħżin potenzjali tas-CO2. L-Istati Membri għandhom jiżguraw li ma jiġu permessi l-ebda użijiet konfliġġenti tal-kumpless matul dan iż-żmien. Jekk ma jsiru ebda attivitajiet fi żmien raġonevoli, l-Istati Membri għandhom jiżguraw li l-permess ta’ esplorazzjoni jitneħħa u jingħata lil entitajiet oħrajn.
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(24) Storage sites should not be operated without a storage permit. The storage permit should be the core instrument to ensure that the substantial requirements of this Directive are met and that geological storage therefore takes place in an environmentally safe way. In the granting of the storage permit, priority should be given to the holder of the exploration permit over competitors, as the former will generally have made substantial investments.
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(24) Is-siti tal-ħżin m’għandhomx jiġu operati mingħajr permess għall-ħżin. Il-permess għall-ħżin għandu jkun l-istrument prinċipali biex jiġi żgurat li r-rekwiżiti sostanzjali ta’ din id-Direttiva jintlaħqu u li l-ħżin ġeoloġiku għalhekk iseħħ b’mod li ma jagħmilx ħsara lill-ambjent. Fl-għoti tal-permess tal-ħżin, għandha tingħata prijorità lid-detentur tal-permess ta’ esplorazzjoni fuq il-kompetituri (billi tal-ewwel ġeneralment ikun għamel investimenti sostanzjali).
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(25) In the early phase of the implementation of this Directive, to ensure consistency in implementation of the requirements of this Directive across the Community, all storage permit applications should be made available to the Commission after receipt. The draft storage permits should be transmitted to the Commission to enable it to issue an opinion on the draft permits within four months of their receipt. The national authorities should take this opinion into consideration when taking a decision on the permit and should justify any departure from the Commission’s opinion. The review at Community level should also help to enhance public confidence in CCS.
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(25) Fil-fażi bikrija tal-implimentazzjoni ta’ din id-Direttiva, biex tiġi żgurata konsistenza fl-implimentazzjoni tar-rekwiżiti ta’ din id-Direttiva mal-Komunità kollha, l-applikazzjonijiet kollha għall-permessi għall-ħżin għandhom isiru disponibbli għall-Kummissjoni wara li jiġu riċevuti. L-abbozzi tal-permessi għall-ħżin għandhom jintbagħtu lill-Kummissjoni, biex tkun tista’ toħroġ opinjoni fuq l-abbozzi tal-permessi fi żmien erba’ xhur minn meta tirċevihom. L-awtoritajiet nazzjonali għandhom iqisu din l-opinjoni meta jieħdu deċiżjoni dwar il-permess u għandhom jiġġustifikaw kull tbegħid mill-opinjoni tal-Kummissjoni. Ir-reviżjoni fil-livell tal-Komunità għandha tgħin ukoll biex ittejjeb il-fiduċja pubblika fis-CCS.
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(26) The competent authority should review and where necessary update or withdraw the storage permit if, inter alia, it has been notified of leakages or significant irregularities, if the reports submitted by the operators or the inspections carried out show non-compliance with permit conditions or if it is made aware of any other failure by the operator to comply with the permit conditions. After the withdrawal of a permit, the competent authority should either issue a new permit or close the storage site. In the meantime, the competent authority should take over the responsibility for the storage site, including specific legal obligations. Costs incurred should be recovered from the former operator.
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(26) L-awtorità kompetenti għandha tirrivedi u fejn meħtieġ taġġorna jew tirtira l-permess għall-ħżin jekk inter alia tkun ġiet notifikata bi tnixxijiet jew irregolaritajiet sinifikanti, jekk ir-rapporti preżentati mill-operaturi jew l-ispezzjonijiet imwettqa juru nuqqas ta’ konformità mal-kundizzjonijiet tal-permess jew issir konxja b’xi nuqqas ieħor mill-operatur milli jissodisfa l-kundizzjonijiet tal-permess. Wara li jiġi rtirat permess, l-awtorità kompetenti għandha jew toħroġ permess ġdid jew tagħlaq is-sit tal-ħżin. Sadanittant, l-awtorità kompetenti għandha tieħu r-responsabbiltà għas-sit tal-ħżin inklużi l-obbligi legali speċifiċi. L-ispejjeż magħmula għandhom jiġu rkuprati mingħand l-operatur preċedenti.
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(27) It is necessary to impose on the composition of the CO2 stream constraints that are consistent with the primary purpose of geological storage, which is to isolate CO2 emissions from the atmosphere, and that are based on the risks that contamination may pose to the safety and security of the transport and storage network and to the environment and human health. To this end, the composition of the CO2 stream should be verified prior to injection and storage. The composition of the CO2 stream is the result of the processes at the capture installations. Following inclusion of capture installations in Directive 85/337/EEC, an environmental impact assessment has to be carried out in the capture permit process. Inclusion of capture installations in Directive 2008/1/EC further ensures that best available techniques to improve the composition of the CO2 stream have to be established and applied. In addition, in accordance with this Directive, the operator of the storage site should only accept and inject CO2 streams if an analysis of the composition, including corrosive substances, of the streams, and a risk assessment have been carried out, and if the risk assessment has shown that the contamination levels of the CO2 stream are in line with the composition criteria referred to in this Directive.
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(27) Huwa meħtieġ li jiġu imposti limiti fuq il-kompożizzjoni tan-nixxiegħa tas-CO2 li jkunu konsistenti mal-iskop primarju tal-ħżin ġeoloġiku, li huwa li jiġu iżolati l-emissjonijiet tas-CO2 mill-atmosfera, u li jkunu bbażati fuq ir-riskji li tista’ tikkawża l-kontaminazzjoni għas-sigurtà u s-sikurezza tan-network tat-trasport u tal-ħżin u għall-ambjent u s-saħħa tal-bniedem. Għal dan il-għan, il-kompożizzjoni tan-nixxiegħa tas-CO2 għandha tiġi vverifikata qabel tiġi injettata u maħżuna. Il-kompożizzjoni tan-nixxiegħa ta’ CO2 hi r-riżultat tal-proċessi fl-istallazzjonijiet tal-ġbir. Wara l-inklużjoni tal-istallazzjonijiet tal-ġbir fid-Direttiva 85/337/KEE, għandha ssir stima tal-impatt ambjentali fil-proċess tal-permess tal-ġbir. L-inklużjoni tal-istallazzjonijiet tal-ġbir fid-Direttiva 2008/1/KE tkompli tiżgura li l-aħjar teknika disponibbli biex titjieb il-kompożizzjoni tan-nixxiegħa tas-CO2 ikunu ġew stabbiliti u applikati. Addizzjonalment, konformement ma’ din id-Direttiva, l-operatur tas-sit tal-ħżin għandu jaċċetta u jinjetta nixxigħat ta’ CO2 biss jekk fuqhom tkun twettqet analiżi tal-kompożizzjoni, inklużi sustanzi korrożivi, tan-nixxigħat, kif ukoll stima tar-riskji, u jekk l-istima tar-riskji tkun uriet li l-livelli ta’ kontaminazzjoni tan-nixxiegħa ta’ CO2 jkunu konformi mal-kriterji ta’ kompożizzjoni msemmija f’din id-Direttiva.
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(28) Monitoring is essential to assess whether injected CO2 is behaving as expected, whether any migration or leakage occurs, and whether any identified leakage is damaging the environment or human health. To that end, Member States should ensure that during the operational phase, the operator monitors the storage complex and the injection facilities on the basis of a monitoring plan designed pursuant to specific monitoring requirements. The plan should be submitted to and approved by the competent authority. In the case of geological storage under the seabed, monitoring should further be adapted to the specific conditions for the management of CCS in the marine environment.
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(28) Il-monitoraġġ huwa essenzjali biex jiġi valutat jekk il-komportament tas-CO2 injettat ikunx kif mistenni, jekk ikunx hemm xi migrazzjoni jew tnixxija, u jekk xi tnixxija identifikata tkunx qiegħda tagħmel ħsara lill-ambjent jew lis-saħħa tal-bniedem. Għal dan il-għan, l-Istati Membri għandhom jiżguraw li matul il-fażi operattiva, l-operatur jimmonitorja l-kumpless tal-ħżin u l-faċilitajiet ta’ injezzjoni fuq il-bażi ta’ pjan ta’ monitoraġġ imfassal taħt rekwiżiti speċifiċi ta’ monitoraġġ. Il-pjan għandu jiġi preżentat lill-awtorità kompetenti u jiġi approvat minnha. Fil-każ ta’ ħżin ġeoloġiku taħt qiegħ il-baħar, il-monitoraġġ għandu jkun adattat aktar għall-kundizzjonijiet speċifiċi għall-ġestjoni tas-CCS fl-ambjent tal-baħar.
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(29) The operator should report, inter alia, the results of the monitoring to the competent authority at least once a year. In addition, Member States should establish a system of inspections to ensure that the storage site is operated in compliance with the requirements of this Directive.
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(29) L-operatur għandu jirrapporta inter alia r-riżultati tal-monitoraġġ lill-awtorità kompetenti mill-inqas darba fis-sena. Barra minn hekk, l-Istati Membri għandhom jistabbilixxu sistema ta’ spezzjonijiet biex jiżguraw li s-sit tal-ħżin jkun operat konformement mar-rekwiżiti ta’ din id-Direttiva.
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(30) Provisions are required concerning liability for damage to the local environment and the climate, resulting from any failure of permanent containment of CO2. Liability for environmental damage (damage to protected species and natural habitats, water and land) is regulated by Directive 2004/35/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 April 2004 on environmental liability with regard to the prevention and remedying of environmental damage [8], which should be applied to the operation of storage sites pursuant to this Directive. Liability for climate damage as a result of leakages is covered by the inclusion of storage sites in Directive 2003/87/EC, which requires surrender of emissions trading allowances for any leaked emissions. In addition, this Directive should establish the obligation on the operator of the storage site to take corrective measures in case of leakages or significant irregularities on the basis of a corrective measures plan submitted to and approved by the competent national authority. Where the operator fails to take the necessary corrective measures, these measures should be taken by the competent authority, which should recover the costs from the operator.
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(30) Huma meħtieġa dispożizzjonijiet dwar ir-responsabbiltà għall-ħsara lill-ambjent lokali u lill-klima, li jirriżultaw minn kwalunkwe nuqqas ta’ konteniment permanenti tas-CO2. Ir-responsabbiltà għall-ħsara ambjentali (ħsara lill-speċji protetti u lill-ambjenti naturali, l-ilma u l-art) hija regolata mid-Direttiva 2004/35/KE tal-Parlament Ewropew u tal-Kunsill tal- 21 ta’ April 2004 dwar ir-responsabbiltà ambjentali f’dak li għandu x’jaqsam mal-prevenzjoni u r-rimedju għal danni ambjentali [8], li għandha tiġi applikata għall-operazzjoni ta’ siti tal-ħżin taħt din id-Direttiva. Ir-responsabbiltà għall-ħsara lill-klima li tirriżulta minn tnixxijiet hija koperta bl-inklużjoni ta’ siti tal-ħżin fid-Direttiva 2003/87/KE, li teħtieġ li jiġu ċeduti kwoti tal-iskambju tal-emissjonijiet għal kwalunkwe emissjonijiet imnixxija. Barra minn hekk, din id-Direttiva għandha tistabbilixxi l-obbligazzjoni fuq l-operatur tas-sit tal-ħżin li jieħu miżuri korrettivi f’każ ta’ tnixxijiet jew irregolaritajiet sinifikanti fuq il-bażi ta’ pjan ta’ miżuri korrettivi preżentat lill-awtorità kompetenti u approvat minnha. Fejn l-operatur jonqos milli jieħu l-miżuri korrettivi meħtieġa, dawn il-miżuri għandhom jittieħdu mill-awtorità kompetenti, li għandha tirkupra l-ispejjeż mingħand l-operatur.
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(31) A storage site should be closed if the relevant conditions stated in the permit have been complied with, upon request from the operator after authorisation of the competent authority, or if the competent authority so decides after the withdrawal of a storage permit.
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(31) Sit tal-ħżin għandu jingħalaq jekk il-kundizzjonijiet rilevanti ddikjarati fil-permess ikunu ġew sodisfatti, fuq talba mill-operatur wara awtorizzazzjoni tal-awtorità kompetenti, jew jekk l-awtorità kompetenti tiddeċiedi hekk wara l-irtirar ta’ permess tal-ħżin.
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(32) After a storage site has been closed, the operator should remain responsible for maintenance, monitoring and control, reporting, and corrective measures pursuant to the requirements of this Directive on the basis of a post-closure plan submitted to and approved by the competent authority as well as for all ensuing obligations under other relevant Community legislation until the responsibility for the storage site is transferred to the competent authority.
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(32) Wara li sit tal-ħżin jingħalaq, l-operatur għandu jibqa’ responsabbli għall-manutenzjoni, għall-monitoraġġ u għall-kontroll, għar-rappurtar, u għall-miżuri korrettivi konformement mar-rekwiżiti ta’ din id-Direttiva fuq il-bażi ta’ pjan ta’ wara l-għeluq preżentat lill-awtorità kompetenti u approvat minnha kif ukoll għall-obbligazzjonijiet kollha li jirriżultaw taħt leġiżlazzjoni oħra tal-Komunità rilevanti sa meta r-responsabbiltà għas-sit tal-ħżin tiġi trasferita lill-awtorità kompetenti.
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(33) The responsibility for the storage site, including specific legal obligations, should be transferred to the competent authority, if and when all available evidence indicates that the stored CO2 will be completely and permanently contained. To this end, the operator should submit a report to the competent authority for approval of the transfer. In the early phase of the implementation of this Directive, to ensure consistency in implementation of the requirements of this Directive across the Community, all reports should be made available to the Commission after receipt. The draft approval decisions should be transmitted to the Commission to enable it to issue an opinion on the draft approval decisions within four months of their receipt. The national authorities should take this opinion into consideration when taking a decision on the approval and should justify any departure from the Commission’s opinion. The review of draft approval decisions should, in the same way as the review of draft storage permits at Community level, also help to enhance public confidence in CCS.
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(33) Ir-responsabbiltà għas-sit tal-ħżin, inklużi l-obbligazzjonijiet legali kollha speċifiċi, għandhom jiġu trasferiti lill-awtorità kompetenti, jekk u meta l-evidenza kollha disponibbli tindika li s-CO2 maħżun se jiġi kompletament u permanentement konfinat. Għal dan il-għan, l-operatur għandu jippreżenta rapport lill-awtorità kompetenti għall-approvazzjoni tat-trasferiment. Fil-fażi bikrija tal-implimentazzjoni ta’ din id-Direttiva, biex tiġi żgurata konsistenza fl-implimentazzjoni tar-rekwiżiti ta’ din id-Direttiva mal-Komunità kollha, ir-rapporti kollha għandhom ikunu disponibbli għall-Kummissjoni wara li jiġu riċevuti. L-abbozzi tad-deċiżjonijiet ta’ approvazzjoni kollha għandhom jiġu ppreżentati lill-Kummissjoni biex tkun tista’ tagħti opinjoni dwar l-abbozzi tad-deċiżjonijiet ta’ approvazzjoni fi żmien erba’ xhur minn meta jiġu riċevuti. L-awtoritajiet nazzjonali għandhom iqisu din l-opinjoni meta jieħdu deċiżjoni dwar l-approvazzjoni u għandhom jiġġustifikaw kwalunkwe distakk mill-opinjoni tal-Kummissjoni. Bħar-reviżjoni ta’ abbozzi ta’ permessi tal-ħżin fil-livell tal-Komunità, ir-reviżjoni ta’ abbozzi ta’ deċiżjonijiet ta’ approvazzjoni għandha tgħin ukoll biex tittejjeb il-fiduċja pubblika fis-CCS.
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(34) Liabilities other than those covered by this Directive, Directive 2003/87/EC and Directive 2004/35/EC, in particular concerning the injection phase, the closure of the storage site and the period after transfer of legal obligations to the competent authority, should be dealt with at national level.
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(34) Ir-responsabbiltajiet minbarra dawk koperti b’din id-Direttiva, id-Direttiva 2003/87/KE u d-Direttiva 2004/35/KE, partikolarment rigward il-fażi ta’ injezzjoni, l-għeluq tas-sit tal-ħżin u l-perijodu wara t-trasferiment tal-obbligi legali lill-awtoritajiet kompetenti, għandhom jiġu trattati fil-livell nazzjonali.
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(35) After the transfer of responsibility, monitoring should be reduced to a level which still allows for identification of leakages or significant irregularities, but should again be intensified if leakages or significant irregularities are identified. There should be no recovery of costs incurred by the competent authority from the former operator after the transfer of responsibility except in the case of fault on the part of the operator prior to the transfer of responsibility for the storage site.
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(35) Wara t-trasferiment tar-responsabbiltà, il-monitoraġġ għandu jitnaqqas għal livell li jibqa’ jippermetti l-identifikazzjoni ta’ tnixxijiet jew irregolaritajiet sinifikanti, iżda għandu jiġi intensifikat mill-ġdid, jekk jiġu identifikati tnixxigħat jew irregolaritajiet sinifikanti. Ma għandu jkun hemm l-ebda rkupru ta’ ispejjeż imġarrba mill-awtorità kompetenti mill-operatur ta’ qabal wara li r-responsabbiltà tkun ġiet trasferita, ħlief fil-każ ta’ ħsara min-naħa tal-operatur qabel it-trasferiment tar-responsabbiltà tas-sit tal-ħżin.
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(36) Financial provision should be made in order to ensure that closure and post-closure obligations, obligations arising from inclusion under Directive 2003/87/EC, and obligations under this Directive to take corrective measures in case of leakages or significant irregularities, can be met. Member States should ensure that financial provision, by way of financial security or any other equivalent, is made by the potential operator so that it is valid and effective before commencement of injection.
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(36) Għandha ssir dispożizzjoni finanzjarja sabiex jiġi żgurat li l-obbligazzjonijiet tal-għeluq u ta’ wara l-għeluq, l-obbligazzjonijiet li jirriżultaw mill-inklużjoni taħt id-Direttiva 2003/87/KE, u l-obbligazzjonijiet taħt din id-Direttiva li jittieħdu miżuri korrettivi f’każ ta’ tnixxijiet jew irregolaritajiet sinifikanti, ikunu jistgħu jiġu sodisfatti. L-Istati Membri għandhom jiżguraw li jsir provvediment finanzjarju, f’forma ta’ garanzija finanzjarja jew kwalunkwe mezz ekwivalenti ieħor, mill-operatur potenzjali sabiex ikun validu u effettiv qabel il-bidu tal-injezzjoni.
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(37) National authorities may, after transfer of responsibility, have to bear costs, such as monitoring costs, associated with CO2 storage. A financial contribution should therefore be made available by the operator to the competent authority, before the transfer of responsibility takes place and on the basis of arrangements to be decided by Member States. This financial contribution should at least cover the anticipated cost of monitoring for a period of 30 years. The level of the financial contribution should be determined on the basis of guidelines to be adopted by the Commission to help ensure consistency in implementation of the requirements of this Directive across the Community.
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(37) Jista’ jkun li l-awtoritajiet nazzjonali, wara t-trasferiment tar-responsabbiltà, ikollhom isostnu l-ispejjeż assoċjati mal-ħżin ta’ CO2, bħall-ispejjeż ta’ monitoraġġ. Għandha għalhekk issir disponibbli kontribuzzjoni finanzjarja mill-operatur lill-awtorità kompetenti, qabel iseħħ it-trasferiment tar-responsabbiltà u abbażi tal-arranġamenti li jridu jiġu deċiżi mill-Istati Membri. Din il-kontribuzzjoni finanzjarja għandha tkopri mill-inqas l-ispiża antiċipata tal-monitoraġġ għal perijodu ta’ 30 sena. Il-livell tal-kontribuzzjoni finanzjarja għandu jiġi ddeterminat abbażi ta’ linji gwida li l-Kummissjoni għandha tadotta biex tgħin ħalli tiġi żgurata konsistenza fl-implimentazzjoni tar-rekwiżiti ta’ din id-Direttiva mal-Komunità kollha.
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(38) Access to CO2 transport networks and storage sites, irrespective of the geographical location of potential users within the Union, could become a condition for entry into or competitive operation within the internal electricity and heat market, depending on the relative prices of carbon and CCS. It is therefore appropriate to make arrangements for potential users to obtain such access. This should be done in a manner to be determined by each Member State, applying the objectives of fair, open and non-discriminatory access and taking into account, inter alia, the transport and storage capacity which is available or can reasonably be made available as well as the proportion of its CO2 reduction obligations pursuant to international legal instruments and to Community legislation intended to be met through CCS. Pipelines for CO2 transport should, where possible, be designed so as to facilitate access of CO2 streams meeting reasonable minimum composition thresholds. Member States should also establish dispute settlement mechanisms to enable expeditious settlement of disputes regarding access to transport networks and storage sites.
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(38) L-aċċess għan-networks tat-trasport tas-CO2 u għas-siti tal-ħżin irrispettivament mill-post ġeografiku fejn ikunu jinsabu l-utenti potenzjali fl-Unjoni jista’ jsir kundizzjoni għad-dħul jew għall-operazzjoni kompetittiva ġewwa s-suq intern tal-elettriku u tas-sħana, abbażi tal-prezzijiet relattivi tal-karbonju u s-CCS. Huwa għalhekk xieraq li jsiru arranġamenti għall-utenti potenzjali biex jiksbu dan it-tip ta’ aċċess. Dan għandu jsir b’mod li għandu jiġi ddeterminat minn kull Stat Membru, b’applikazzjoni tal-għanijiet ta’ aċċess ġust, miftuħ u bla diskriminazzjoni billi jitqiesu inter alia l-kapaċità tat-trasport u tal-ħżin li tkun disponibbli jew li tista’ raġonevolment tkun disponibbli kif ukoll il-proporzjon tal-obbligazzjonijiet tagħha ta’ tnaqqis tas-CO2 taħt strumenti legali internazzjonali u leġiżlazzjoni tal-Komunità li jkun maħsub li jitwettaq permezz tas-CCS. Il-pipelines għat-trasport tas-CO2 għandhom, fejn hu possibbli, jkunu mfassla b’tali mod li jiffaċilitaw l-aċċess tan-nixxigħat tas-CO2 li jissodisfaw limiti minimi raġonevoli tal-kompożizzjoni. L-Istati Membri għandhom ukoll jistabbilixxu mekkaniżmi tar-riżoluzzjoni tat-tilwim li jippermettu riżoluzzjoni rapida ta’ tilwim dwar l-aċċess għan-networks tat-trasport u s-siti tal-ħżin.
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(39) Provisions are required to ensure that, in cases of transboundary CO2 transport, transboundary storage sites or transboundary storage complexes, the competent authorities of the Member States concerned meet jointly the requirements of this Directive and of all other Community legislation.
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(39) Huma meħtieġa dispożizzjonijiet biex jiġi żgurat li f’każijiet ta’ transport transkonfinali tas-CO2, siti tal-ħżin transkonfinali jew kumplessi tal-ħżin transkonfinali, l-awtoritajiet kompetenti tal-Istati Membri kkonċernati jissodisfaw ir-rekwiżiti ta’ din id-Direttiva u tal-leġiżlazzjoni l-oħra kollha tal-Komunità b’mod konġunt.
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(40) The competent authority should establish and maintain a register of the storage permits granted and of all closed storage sites and surrounding storage complexes, including maps of their spatial extent to be taken into consideration by the competent national authorities in relevant planning and permitting procedures. The register should also be reported to the Commission.
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(40) L-awtorità kompetenti għandha tistabbilixxi u żżomm reġistru tal-permessi mogħtija għall-ħżin u tas-siti tal-ħżin magħluqa kollha u tal-kumplessi tal-ħżin tal-madwar, inklużi mapep li juru safejn dawn iwasslu li għandhom jitqiesu mill-awtoritajiet nazzjonali kompetenti fil-proċeduri ta’ ppjanar u ta’ approvazzjoni rilevanti. Ir-reġistru għandu jiġi rrappurtat lill-Kummissjoni wkoll.
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(41) Member States should submit reports on the implementation of this Directive on the basis of questionnaires drawn up by the Commission pursuant to Council Directive 91/692/EEC of 23 December 1991 standardising and rationalising reports on the implementation of certain Directives relating to the environment [9].
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(41) L-Istati Membri għandhom jippreżentaw rapporti dwar l-implimentazzjoni ta’ din id-Direttiva fuq il-bażi ta’ kwestjonarji mfassla mill-Kummissjoni konformement mad-Direttiva tal-Kunsill 91/692/KEE tat- 23 ta’ Diċembru 1991 li tistandardizza u tirrazzjonalizza r-rapporti dwar l-implimentazzjoni ta’ ċerti Direttivi relatati mal-ambjent [9].
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(42) Member States should lay down rules on penalties applicable to infringements of the national provisions adopted pursuant to this Directive. Those penalties should be effective, proportionate and dissuasive.
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(42) L-Istati Membri għandhom jistabbilixxu regoli dwar il-penalitajiet applikabbli għall-ksur tad-dispożizzjonijiet nazzjonali adottati taħt din id-Direttiva. Dawk il-penalitajiet għandhom ikunu effettivi, proporzjonati u dissważivi.
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(43) The measures necessary for the implementation of this Directive should be adopted in accordance with Council Decision 1999/468/EC of 28 June 1999 laying down the procedures for the exercise of implementing powers conferred on the Commission [10].
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(43) Il-miżuri meħtieġa għall-implimentazzjoni ta’ din id-Direttiva għandhom jiġu adottati konformement mad-Deċiżjoni tal-Kunsill 1999/468/KE tat- 28 ta’ Ġunju 1999 li tistabbilixxi l-proċeduri għall-eżerċizzju tas-setgħat ta’ implimentazzjoni konferiti lill-Kummissjoni [10].
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(44) In particular the Commission should be empowered to amend the Annexes. Since those measures are of general scope and are designed to amend non-essential elements of this Directive, they must be adopted in accordance with the regulatory procedure with scrutiny provided for in Article 5a of Decision 1999/468/EC.
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(44) B’mod partikolari l-Kummissjoni għandha tingħata s-setgħa sabiex temenda l-Annessi. Billi dawk il-miżuri huma ta’ ambitu ġenerali u huma mfassla biex jemendaw elementi mhux essenzjali ta’ din id-Direttiva, għandhom jiġu adottati konformement mal-proċedura regolatorja bi skrutinju prevista fl-Artikolu 5a tad-Direttiva 1999/468/KE.
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(45) Directive 85/337/EEC should be amended to cover capture and transport of CO2 streams for the purposes of geological storage as well as storage sites pursuant to this Directive. Directive 2004/35/EC should be amended to cover the operation of storage sites pursuant to this Directive. Directive 2008/1/EC should be amended to cover capture of CO2 streams for the purposes of geological storage from installations covered by that Directive.
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(45) Id-Direttiva 85/337/KEE għandha tiġi emendata biex tkopri l-ġbir u t-trasport tan-nixxiegħat tas-CO2 għall-finijiet tal-ħżin ġeoloġiku kif ukoll is-siti tal-ħżin taħt din id-Direttiva. Id-Direttiva 2004/35/KE għandha tiġi emendata biex tkopri l-operazzjoni tas-siti tal-ħżin taħt din id-Direttiva. Id-Direttiva 2008/1/KE għandha tiġi emendata biex tkopri l-ġbir tan-nixxiegħat tas-CO2 għall-finijiet tal-ħżin ġeoloġiku mill-impjanti koperti minn dik id-Direttiva.
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(46) The adoption of this Directive should ensure a high level of protection of the environment and human health from the risks posed by the geological storage of CO2. For this reason, Directive 2006/12/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 5 April 2006 on waste [11] and Regulation (EC) No 1013/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 June 2006 on shipments of waste [12] should be amended so as to exclude CO2 captured and transported for the purposes of geological storage from the scope of application of those instruments. Directive 2000/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2000 establishing a framework for Community action in the field of water policy [13] should also be amended to allow for injection of CO2 into saline aquifers for the purposes of geological storage. Any such injection is subject to the provisions of Community legislation on the protection of groundwater, and must be in accordance with Article 4(1)(b) of Directive 2000/60/EC and with Directive 2006/118/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12 December 2006 on the protection of groundwater against pollution and deterioration [14].
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(46) L-adozzjoni ta’ din id-Direttiva għandha tiżgura livell għoli ta’ protezzjoni tal-ambjent u tas-saħħa tal-bniedem mir-riskji tal-ħżin ġeoloġiku tas-CO2. Għal din ir-raġuni, id-Direttiva 2006/12/KE tal-Parlament Ewropew u tal-Kunsill tal- 5 ta’ April 2006 dwar l-iskart [11] u r-Regolament (KE) Nru 1013/2006 tal-Parlament Ewropew u tal-Kunsill tal- 14 ta’ Ġunju 2006 dwar il-vjeġġi ta’ skart [12] għandhom jiġu emendati sabiex jeskludu s-CO2 miġbur u trasportat għall-finijiet tal-ħżin ġeoloġiku mill-ambitu ta’ applikazzjoni ta’ dawk l-istrumenti. Id-Direttiva 2000/60/KE tal-Parlament Ewropew u tal-Kunsill tat- 23 ta’ Ottubru 2000 li tistabbilixxi qafas għall-azzjoni tal-Komunità fil-qasam tal-politika tal-ilma [13] għandha wkoll tiġi emendata biex tippermetti l-injezzjoni tas-CO2 ġo blat li jżomm fih ħafna ilma bi mluħa għall-finijiet ta’ ħżin ġeoloġiku. Kwalunkwe injezzjoni ta’ dan it-tip hija suġġetta għad-dispożizzjonijiet tal-leġiżlazzjoni tal-Komunità dwar il-ħarsien tal-ilma ta’ taħt l-art, u għandha ssir konformement mal-Artikolu 4(1)(b) tad-Direttiva 2000/60/KE u d-Direttiva 2006/118/KE tal-Parlament Ewropew u tal-Kunsill tat- 12 ta’ Diċembru 2006 dwar il-protezzjoni tal-ilma ta’ taħt l-art kontra t-tniġġiż u d-deterjorament [14].
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(47) The transition to low-carbon power generation requires that, in the case of fossil fuel power generation, new investments be made in such a way as to facilitate substantial reductions in emissions. To this end, Directive 2001/80/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2001 on the limitation of emissions of certain pollutants into the air from large combustion plants [15] should be amended to require that all combustion plants of a specified capacity, for which the original construction licence or the original operating licence is granted after the entry into force of this Directive, have suitable space on the installation site for the equipment necessary to capture and compress CO2 if suitable storage sites are available, and if CO2 transport and retrofitting for CO2 capture are technically and economically feasible. The economic feasibility of the transport and retrofitting should be assessed taking into account the anticipated costs of avoided CO2 for the particular local conditions in the case of retrofitting and the anticipated costs of CO2 allowances in the Community. The projections should be based on the latest evidence; a review of technical options and an analysis of uncertainties in the assessment processes should also be undertaken. The competent authority should determine whether these conditions are met on the basis of an assessment made by the operator and other available information, particularly concerning the protection of the environment and human health.
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(47) It-tranżizzjoni għal ġenerazzjoni tal-elettriku b’ammont baxx ta’ karbonju teħtieġ li fil-każ ta’ ġenerazzjoni tal-elettriku mill-karburanti fossili, investimenti ġodda jsiru b’mod li jiffaċilita tnaqqis sostanzjali fl-emissjonijiet. Għal dan il-għan, id-Direttiva 2001/80/KE tal-Parlament Ewropew u tal-Kunsill tat- 23 ta’ Ottubru 2001 dwar il-limitazzjoni tal-emissjonijiet ta’ ċertu tniġġis fl-arja minn impjanti kbar tal-kombustjoni [15] għandha tiġi emendata biex tirrikjedi li l-impjanti kollha tal-kombustjoni ta’ kapaċità speċifika, li għalihom il-liċenzja tal-kostruzzjoni oriġinali jew il-liċenzja oriġinali biex joperaw tkun ingħatat wara d-dħul fis-seħħ ta’ din id-Direttiva, ikollhom spazju xieraq fis-sit tal-istallazzjoni għat-tagħmir neċessarju biex jinġabar u jiġi kkompressat is-CO2 jekk ikun hemm disponibbli siti adegwati għall-ħżin, u jekk it-trasport tas-CO2 u l-modifika tat-tagħmir għall-ġbir tas-CO2 ikun teknikament u ekonomikament vijabbli. Il-fattibbiltà ekonomika tat-trasport u t-tagħmir ġdid għall-ġbir tas-CO2 għandha tkun ivvalutata b’qies tal-ispejjeż antiċipati ta’ CO2 evitat għal kundizzjonijiet lokali partikolari fil-każ ta’ tagħmir ġdid għall-ġbir tas-CO2 u l-ispejjeż antiċipati tal-kwoti fil-Komunità. Il-projezzjonijiet għandhom ikunu bbażati fuq l-aħħar evidenza; għandha ssir ukoll reviżjoni tal-alternattivi tekniċi u analiżi ta’ inċertezzi fil-proċessi ta’ valutazzjoni. L-awtorità kompetenti għandha tiddetermina jekk dawn il-kondizzjonijiet ikunux sodisfatti fuq il-bażi ta’ valutazzjoni magħmula mill-operatur u tagħrif ieħor disponibbli, partikolarment rigward il-protezzjoni tal-ambjent u tas-saħħa tal-bniedem.
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(48) The Commission should, by 30 June 2015, conduct a review of this Directive in the light of the experience gained in the early phase of its implementation and make proposals for its revision as appropriate.
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(48) Sat- 30 ta’ Ġunju 2015 il-Kummissjoni għandha tagħmel reviżjoni tad-Direttiva fid-dawl tal-esperjenza miksuba fil-fażi bikrija tal-implimentazzjoni tagħha u tagħmel proposti għar-reviżjoni tagħha fejn ikun il-każ.
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(49) Since the objective of this Directive, namely the establishment of a legal framework for the environmentally safe storage of CO2, cannot be sufficiently achieved by the Member States acting individually, and can therefore, by reason of its scale and effects, be better achieved at Community level, the Community may adopt measures in accordance with the principle of subsidiarity as set out in Article 5 of the Treaty. In accordance with the principle of proportionality, as set out in that Article, this Directive does not go beyond what is necessary in order to achieve that objective.
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(49) Ladarba l-għan ta’ din id-Direttiva, jiġifieri l-istabbiliment ta’ qafas legali għall-ħżin sigur għall-ambjent tal-CO2, ma jistax jinkiseb suffiċjentement mill-Istati Membri meta jaġixxu individwalment, u jista’ għalhekk, minħabba l-iskala u l-effetti tiegħu, jinkiseb aħjar fil-livell Komunitarju, il-Komunità tista’ tadotta miżuri konformement mal-prinċipju tas-sussidjarjetà kif stabbilit fl-Artikolu 5 tat-Trattat. Konformement mal-prinċipju tal-proporzjonalità, kif stabbilit f’dak l-Artikolu, din id-Direttiva ma tmurx lil hinn minn dak li hu meħtieġ sabiex jinkiseb dak l-għan.
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(50) In accordance with point 34 of the Interinstitutional agreement on better law-making [16], Member States are encouraged to draw up, for themselves and in the interest of the Community, their own tables, which will, as far as possible, illustrate the correlation between this Directive and the transposition measures and to make them public.
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(50) Konformement mal-punt 34 tal-Ftehim Interistituzzjonali dwar tfassil aħjar tal-liġijiet [16], l-Istati Membri huma mħeġġa jfasslu, għalihom infushom u fl-interess tal-Komunità, it-tabelli tagħhom stess, li, sa fejn ikun possibbli, juru l-korrelazzjoni bejn din id-Direttiva u l-miżuri ta’ traspożizzjoni u jagħmluhom pubbliċi.
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(51) The application of this Directive is without prejudice to Articles 87 and 88 of the Treaty,
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(51) L-applikazzjoni ta’ din id-Direttiva hija mingħajr preġudizzju għall-Artikoli 87 u 88 tat-Trattat,
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HAVE ADOPTED THIS DIRECTIVE:
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ADOTTAW DIN ID-DIRETTIVA:
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CHAPTER 1
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KAPITOLU 1
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SUBJECT MATTER, SCOPE AND DEFINITIONS
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SUĠĠETT, AMBITU U DEFINIZZJONIJIET
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Article 1
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Artikolu 1
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Subject matter and purpose
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Suġġett u skop
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1. This Directive establishes a legal framework for the environmentally safe geological storage of carbon dioxide (CO2) to contribute to the fight against climate change.
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1. Din id-Direttiva tistabbilixxi qafas legali għall-ħżin ġeoloġiku mingħajr ħsara għall-ambjent tad-dijossidu tal-karbonju (CO2) biex jikkontribwixxi għall-ġlieda kontra t-tibdil fil-klima.
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2. The purpose of environmentally safe geological storage of CO2 is permanent containment of CO2 in such a way as to prevent and, where this is not possible, eliminate as far as possible negative effects and any risk to the environment and human health.
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2. L-iskop tal-ħżin ġeoloġiku mingħajr ħsara għall-ambjent tas-CO2 huwa l-ġbir permanenti tas-CO2 b’mod li jipprevjeni u, fejn dan ma jkunx possibbli, jelimina kemm jista’ jkun l-effetti negattivi u kwalunkwe riskju għall-ambjent u għas-saħħa tal-bniedem.
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Article 2
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Artikolu 2
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Scope and prohibition
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Ambitu u projbizzjoni
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1. This Directive shall apply to the geological storage of CO2 in the territory of the Member States, their exclusive economic zones and on their continental shelves within the meaning of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (Unclos).
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1. Din id-Direttiva għandha tapplika għall-ħżin ġeoloġiku tas-CO2 fit-territorju tal-Istati Membri, fiż-żoni ekonomiċi esklussivi tagħhom u fil-pjattaformi kontinentali tagħhom fis-sens tal-Konvenzjoni tal-Nazzjonijiet Uniti dwar id-Dritt tal-Baħar (UNCLOS).
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2. This Directive shall not apply to geological storage of CO2, with a total intended storage below 100 kilotonnes, undertaken for research, development or testing of new products and processes.
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2. Din id-Direttiva m’għandhiex tapplika għall-ħżin ġeoloġiku tas-CO2, bi ħżin totali maħsub ta’ inqas minn 100 kilo tunnellata, li jsir għar-riċerka, għall-iżvilupp jew għall-ittestjar ta’ prodotti jew proċessi ġodda.
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3. The storage of CO2 in a storage site with a storage complex extending beyond the area referred to in paragraph 1 shall not be permitted.
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3. Il-ħżin tas-CO2 f’sit tal-ħżin b’kumpless għall-ħżin li jestendu lil hinn miż-żona msemmija fil-paragrafu 1 m’għandhiex tkun permessa.
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4. The storage of CO2 in the water column shall not be permitted.
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4. Il-ħżin tas-CO2 fil-kolonna tal-ilma m’għandux ikun permess.
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Article 3
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Artikolu 3
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Definitions
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Definizzjonijiet
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For the purposes of this Directive the following definitions shall apply:
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Għall-finijiet ta’ din id-Direttiva, għandhom japplikaw id-definizzjonijiet li ġejjin:
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1. "geological storage of CO2" means injection accompanied by storage of CO2 streams in underground geological formations;
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(1) "ħżin ġeoloġiku tas-CO2" tfisser l-injezzjoni akkumpanjata mill-ħżin tan-nixxiegħat tas-CO2 f’formazzjonijiet ġeoloġiċi taħt l-art;
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2. "water column" means the vertically continuous mass of water from the surface to the bottom sediments of a water body;
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(2) "kolonna tal-ilma" tfisser il-massa tal-ilma kontinwa vertikalment mill-wiċċ sas-sedimenti tal-qiegħ tal-ilmijiet;
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3. "storage site" means a defined volume area within a geological formation used for the geological storage of CO2 and associated surface and injection facilities;
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(3) "sit tal-ħżin" tfisser żona ta’ volum definit fi ħdan formazzjoni ġeoloġika użata għall-ħżin ġeoloġiku tas- CO2 u l-faċilitajiet assoċjati tal-wiċċ u tal-injezzjoni;
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4. "geological formation" means a lithostratigraphical subdivision within which distinct rock layers can be found and mapped;
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(4) "formazzjoni ġeoloġika" tfisser suddiviżjoni litostratigrafika li fiha jistgħu jinstabu u jiġu indikati strati ta’ blat distinti;
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5. "leakage" means any release of CO2 from the storage complex;
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(5) "tnixxija" tfisser kwalunkwe rilaxx ta’ CO2 mill-kumpless tal-ħżin;
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6. "storage complex" means the storage site and surrounding geological domain which can have an effect on overall storage integrity and security; that is, secondary containment formations;
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(6) "kumpless tal-ħżin" tfisser is-sit tal-ħżin u l-oqsma ġeoloġiċi tal-madwar li jistgħu jkollhom effett fuq l-integrità u s-sigurtà kumplessiva tal-ħżin (i.e. formazzjonijiet sekondarji tal-ħżin);
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7. "hydraulic unit" means a hydraulically connected pore space where pressure communication can be measured by technical means and which is bordered by flow barriers, such as faults, salt domes, lithological boundaries, or by the wedging out or outcropping of the formation;
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(7) "unità idrawlika" tfisser spazju poruż b’konnessjoni idrawlika fejn il-komunikazzjoni tal-pressa tista’ titkejjel permezz ta’ mezzi tekniċi u li huwa mdawwar minn ostakli għall-flussi, bħal imperfezzjonijiet, depożiti tal-melħ, limiti litoloġiċi, jew minn postijiet fejn il-formazzjoni hija llevata ‘l barra jew maħruġa ‘l barra;
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8. "exploration" means the assessment of potential storage complexes for the purposes of geologically storing CO2 by means of activities intruding into the subsurface such as drilling to obtain geological information about strata in the potential storage complex and, as appropriate, carrying out injection tests in order to characterise the storage site;
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(8) "esplorazzjoni" tfisser il-valutazzjoni ta’ kumplessi tal-ħżin potenzjali għall-finijiet ta’ ħżin ġeoloġiku tas-CO2 permezz ta’ attivitajiet li jidħlu fis-sottostrat bħal tħaffir biex jinkiseb tagħrif ġeoloġiku dwar l-istrata fil-kumpless tal-ħżin potenzjali u, jekk ikun il-każ, it-twettiq ta’ testijiet tal-injezzjoni biex jiġi kkaratterizzat is-sit għall-ħżin;
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9. "exploration permit" means a written and reasoned decision authorising exploration, and specifying the conditions under which it may take place, issued by the competent authority pursuant to the requirements of this Directive;
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(9) "permess għall-esplorazzjoni" tfisser deċiżjoni bil-miktub u motivata li tawtorizza l-esplorazzjoni, u li tispeċifika l-kondizzjonijiet li taħthom tista’ tiġi attwata, maħruġa mill-awtorità kompetenti konformement mar-rekwiżiti ta’ din id-Direttiva;
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10. "operator" means any natural or legal, private or public person who operates or controls the storage site or to whom decisive economic power over the technical functioning of the storage site has been delegated according to national legislation;
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(10) "operatur" tfisser kull persuna naturali jew legali, privata jew pubblika li topera jew tikkontrolla s-sit tal-ħżin jew lil min ikun ġie ddelegat il-poter ekonomiku deċiżiv fuq il-funzjonament tekniku tas-sit tal-ħżin konformement mal-leġiżlazzjoni nazzjonali;
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11. "storage permit" means a written and reasoned decision or decisions authorising the geological storage of CO2 in a storage site by the operator, and specifying the conditions under which it may take place, issued by the competent authority pursuant to the requirements of this Directive;
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(11) "il-permess għall-ħżin" tfisser deċiżjoni (jew deċiżjonijiet) bil-miktub u motivata li tawtorizza l-ħżin ġeoloġiku tas-CO2 f’sit tal-ħżin mill-operatur, u li tispeċifika l-kundizzjonijiet biex ikun jista’ jsir, maħruġ mill-awtorità kompetenti konformement mar-rekwiżiti ta’ din id-Direttiva;
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12. "substantial change" means any change not provided for in the storage permit, which may have significant effects on the environment or human health;
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(12) "bidla sostanzjali" tfisser kwalunkwe bidla mhix prevista fil-permess għall-ħżin li jista’ jkollha effetti sinifikanti fuq l-ambjent jew fuq is-saħħa tal-bniedem;
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13. "CO2 stream" means a flow of substances that results from CO2 capture processes;
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(13) "nixxiegħa tas-CO2" tfisser fluss ta’ sustanzi li jirriżulta mill-proċessi tal-ġbir tas-CO2;
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14. "waste" means the substances defined as waste in Article 1(1)(a) of Directive 2006/12/EC;
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(14) "skart" tfisser is-sustanzi definiti bħala skart fil-punt (a) tal-Artikolu 1(1) tad-Direttiva 2006/12/KE;
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15. "CO2 plume" means the dispersing volume of CO2 in the geological formation;
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(15) "formazzjoni tas-CO2" tfisser il-volum mifrux tas-CO2 fil-formazzjoni ġeoloġika;
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16. "migration" means the movement of CO2 within the storage complex;
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(16) "migrazzjoni" tfisser il-moviment tas-CO2 ġewwa l-kumpless tal-ħżin;
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17. "significant irregularity" means any irregularity in the injection or storage operations or in the condition of the storage complex itself, which implies the risk of a leakage or risk to the environment or human health;
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(17) "irregolarità sinifikanti" tfisser kwalunkwe irregolarità fl-operazzjonijiet tal-injezzjoni jew tal-ħżin jew fil-kundizzjoni tal-kumpless għall-ħżin innifsu, li timplika r-riskju ta’ tnixxija jew ir-riskju għall-ambjent jew għas-saħħa tal-bniedem;
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18. "significant risk" means a combination of a probability of occurrence of damage and a magnitude of damage that cannot be disregarded without calling into question the purpose of this Directive for the storage site concerned;
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(18) "riskju sinjifikanti" tfisser taħlita ta’ probabilità li ssir ħsara u l-ammont ta’ ħsara li ma jistax ikun injorat mingħajr jitqies l-iskop ta’ din id-Direttiva għas-sit tal-ħżin ikkonċernat;
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19. "corrective measures" means any measures taken to correct significant irregularities or to close leakages in order to prevent or stop the release of CO2 from the storage complex;
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(19) "miżuri korrettivi" tfisser kwalunkwe miżuri meħuda biex jiġu korretti irregolaritajiet sinifikanti jew biex jingħalqu tnixxijiet sabiex jiġi evitat jew imwaqqaf ir-rilaxx tas-CO2 mill-kumpless tal-ħżin;
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20. "closure" of a storage site means the definitive cessation of CO2 injection into that storage site;
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(20) "għeluq" ta’ sit tal-ħżin tfisser it-tmiem definit tal-injezzjoni tas-CO2 f’dak is-sit tal-ħżin;
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21. "post-closure" means the period after the closure of a storage site, including the period after the transfer of responsibility to the competent authority;
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(21) "wara l-għeluq" tfisser il-perjodu wara l-għeluq ta’ sit tal-ħżin, inkluż il-perjodu ta’ wara t-trasferiment tar-responsabbiltà lill-awtorità kompetenti;
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22. "transport network" means the network of pipelines, including associated booster stations, for the transport of CO2 to the storage site.
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(22) "network tat-trasport" tfisser in-network ta’ pipelines, inklużi l-istazzjonijiet tal-kompressjoni assoċjati, għat-trasport tas-CO2 sas-sit tal-ħżin.
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CHAPTER 2
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KAPITOLU 2
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SELECTION OF STORAGE SITES AND EXPLORATION PERMITS
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L-GĦAŻLA TAS-SIT U L-PERMESSI GĦALL-ESPLORAZZJONI
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Article 4
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Artikolu 4
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Selection of storage sites
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L-għażla tas-siti tal-ħżin
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1. Member States shall retain the right to determine the areas from which storage sites may be selected pursuant to the requirements of this Directive. This includes the right of Member States not to allow for any storage in parts or in the whole of their territory.
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1. L-Istati Membri għandhom iżommu d-dritt li jiddeterminaw iż-żoni li minnhom jistgħu jintgħażlu siti tal-ħżin konformement mar-rekwiżiti ta’ din id-Direttiva. Dan jinkludi d-dritt tal-Istati Membri li ma jippermettu l-ebda ħżin fit-territorju kollu tagħhom jew f’partijiet minnu.
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2. Member States which intend to allow geological storage of CO2 in their territory shall undertake an assessment of the storage capacity available in parts or in the whole of their territory, including by allowing exploration pursuant to Article 5. The Commission may organise an exchange of information and best practices between those Member States, in the context of the exchange of information provided for in Article 27.
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2. L-Istati Membri li jkollhom l-intenzjoni jippermettu l-ħżin ġeoloġiku tas-CO2 fit-territorju tagħhom għandhom jimpenjaw ruħhom li jevalwaw il-kapaċità ta’ ħżin disponibbli f’partijiet tat-territorju tagħhom jew fit-territorju kollha, anke billi jippermettu l-esplorazzjoni taħt l-Artikolu 5. Il-Kummissjoni tista’ torganizza skambju ta’ tagħrif u l-aħjar prattika bejn dawk l-Istati Membri, fil-kuntest tal-iskambju ta’ tagħrif previst fl-Artikolu 27.
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3. The suitability of a geological formation for use as a storage site shall be determined through a characterisation and assessment of the potential storage complex and surrounding area pursuant to the criteria specified in Annex I.
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3. L-adegwatezza ta’ formazzjoni ġeoloġika għall-użu bħala sit tal-ħżin għandha tiġi ddeterminata permezz ta’ karatterizzazzjoni u valutazzjoni tal-kumpless tal-ħżin potenzjali u tal-madwar konformement mal-kriterji speċifikati fl-Anness I.
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4. A geological formation shall only be selected as a storage site, if under the proposed conditions of use there is no significant risk of leakage, and if no significant environmental or health risks exist.
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4. Formazzjoni ġeoloġika għandha tiġi magħżula bħala sit tal-ħżin biss jekk taħt il-kundizzjonijiet tal-użu proposti ma jkun hemm l-ebda riskju sinifikanti ta’ tnixxija, u jekk ma jkun jeżisti l-ebda riskju sinifikanti fuq l-ambjent jew fuq is-saħħa.
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Article 5
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Artikolu 5
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Exploration permits
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Il-permessi għall-esplorazzjoni
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1. Where Member States determine that exploration is required to generate the information necessary for selection of storage sites pursuant to Article 4, they shall ensure that no such exploration takes place without an exploration permit.
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1. Fejn l-Istati Membri jiddeterminaw li hija meħtieġa esplorazzjoni biex jiġi ġġenerat it- tagħrif meħtieġ għall-għażla tas-siti ta’ ħżin taħt l-Artikolu 4, huma għandhom jiżguraw li l-ebda esplorazzjoni ta’ din ix-xorta ma sseħħ mingħajr permess għall-esplorazzjoni.
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Where appropriate, monitoring of injection tests may be included in the exploration permit.
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Fejn ikun il-każ, jista’ jiġi inkluż monitoraġġ tat-test tal-injezzjoni fil-permess għall-esplorazzjoni.
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2. Member States shall ensure that the procedures for the granting of exploration permits are open to all entities possessing the necessary capacities and that the permits are granted or refused on the basis of objective, published and non-discriminatory criteria.
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2. L-Istati Membri għandhom jiżguraw li l-proċeduri għall-għoti tal-permessi għall-esplorazzjoni jkunu miftuħa għall-entijiet kollha li jkollhom il-kapaċitajiet meħtieġa u li l-permessi jingħataw jew jinċaħdu fuq il-bażi ta’ kriterji objettivi ppubblikati u mhux diskriminatorji.
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3. The duration of a permit shall not exceed the period necessary to carry out the exploration for which it is granted. However, the Member States may extend the validity of the permit where the stipulated duration is insufficient to complete the exploration concerned and where the exploration has been performed in accordance with the permit. Exploration permits shall be granted in respect of a limited volume area.
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3. It-tul taż-żmien tal-permess m’għandux jisboq il-perjodu meħtieġ biex titwettaq l-esplorazzjoni li jkun ingħata għaliha. Madankollu, l-Istati Membri jistgħu jestendu l-validità tal-permess fejn it-tul ta’ żmien stipulat ma jkunx biżżejjed biex tintemm l-esplorazzjoni konċernata u fejn l-esplorazzjoni twettqet konformement mal-permess. Il-permessi għall-esplorazzjoni għandhom jingħataw fir-rigward ta’ żona ta’ volum limitat.
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4. The holder of an exploration permit shall have the sole right to explore the potential CO2 storage complex. Member States shall ensure that no conflicting uses of the complex are permitted during the period of validity of the permit.
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4. Id-detentur ta’ permess għall-esplorazzjoni għandu jkollu l-uniku dritt li jesplora il-kumpless ta’ ħżin potenzjali tas-CO2. L-Istati Membri għandhom jiżguraw li l-ebda użijiet konfliġġenti tal-kumpless ma jiġu permessi matul il-perjodu ta’ validità tal-permess.
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CHAPTER 3
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KAPITOLU 3
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STORAGE PERMITS
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IL-PERMESSI GĦALL-ĦŻIN
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Article 6
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Artikolu 6
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Storage permits
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Il-permessi għall-ħżin
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1. Member States shall ensure that no storage site is operated without a storage permit, that there shall be only one operator for each storage site, and that no conflicting uses are permitted on the site.
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1. L-Istati Membri għandhom jiżguraw li l-ebda sit tal-ħżin ma jiġi operat mingħajr permess għall-ħżin li għandu jkun hemm operatur wieħed biss għal kull sit tal-ħżin, u li l-ebda użu konfliġġenti ma jkun permess fuq is-sit.
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2. Member States shall ensure that the procedures for the granting of storage permits are open to all entities possessing the necessary capacities and that the permits are granted on the basis of objective, published and transparent criteria.
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2. L-Istati Membri għandhom jiżguraw li l-proċeduri għall-għoti tal-permessi għall-ħżin jkunu miftuħa għall-entijiet kollha li jkollhom il-kapaċitajiet meħtieġa u li l-permessi jingħataw fuq il-bażi ta’ kriterji objettivi ppubblikati u trasparenti.
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3. Without prejudice to the requirements of this Directive, priority for the granting of a storage permit for a particular site shall be given to the holder of the exploration permit for that site, provided that the exploration of that site is completed, that any condition set in the exploration permit has been complied with, and that the application for a storage permit is made during the period of validity of the exploration permit. Member States shall ensure that no conflicting uses of the complex are allowed during the permit procedure.
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3. Mingħajr preġudizzju għar-rekwiżiti ta’ din id-Direttiva, għandha tingħata prijorità lill-għoti ta’ permessi għall-ħżin għal sit partikolari lid-detentur ta’ permess għall-esplorazzjoni għal dak is-sit, dment li l-esplorazzjoni ta’ dak is-sit tkun tlestiet, li kwalunkwe kundizzjoni stabbilita fil-permess għall-esplorazzjoni tkun ġiet osservata, u li l-applikazzjoni għall-permess għall-ħżin issir matul il-perjodu ta’ validità tal-permess għall-esplorazzjoni. L-Istati Membri għandhom jiżguraw li ma jiġi permess l-ebda użu konfliġġenti tal-kumpless matul il-proċedura tal-permess.
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Article 7
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Artikolu 7
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Applications for storage permits
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L-applikazzjonijiet għall-permessi għall-ħżin
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Applications to the competent authority for storage permits shall include at least the following information:
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L-applikazzjonijiet lill-awtorità kompetenti għall-permessi għall-ħżin għandhom jinkludu mill-inqas it-tagħrif li ġej:
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1. the name and address of the potential operator;
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(1) l-isem u l-indirizz tal-operatur potenzjali;
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2. proof of the technical competence of the potential operator;
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(2) prova tal-kompetenza teknika tal-operatur potenzjali;
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3. the characterisation of the storage site and storage complex and an assessment of the expected security of the storage pursuant to Article 4(3) and (4);
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(3) il-karatterizzazzjoni tas-sit u tal-kumpless tal-ħżin u valutazzjoni tas-sikurezza mistennija tal-ħżin taħt l-Artikolu 4(3) u (4);
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4. the total quantity of CO2 to be injected and stored, as well as the prospective sources and transport methods, the composition of CO2 streams, the injection rates and pressures, and the location of injection facilities;
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(4) il-kwantità totali tas-CO2 li għandha tiġi injettata u maħżuna kif ukoll is-sorsi prospettivi, u l-metodi tat-trasport il-kompożizzjoni tan-nixxiegħat tas-CO2 ir-rati u l-pressjonijiet tal-injezzjoni, u l-post fejn hemm il-faċilitajiet tal-injezzjoni;
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5. a description of measures to prevent significant irregularities;
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(5) deskrizzjoni tal-miżuri biex jiġu evitati irregolaritajiet sinifikanti;
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6. a proposed monitoring plan pursuant to Article 13(2);
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(6) pjan ta’ monitoraġġ propost taħt l-Artikolu 13(2);
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7. a proposed corrective measures plan pursuant to Article 16(2);
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(7) pjan ta’ miżuri korrettivi propost taħt l-Artikolu 16(2);
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8. a proposed provisional post-closure plan pursuant to Article 17(3);
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(8) pjan provviżorju ta’ wara l-għeluq propost taħt l-Artikolu 17(3);
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9. the information provided pursuant to Article 5 of Directive 85/337/EEC;
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(9) it-tagħrif ipprovdut taħt l-Artikolu 5 tad-Direttiva 85/337/KEE;
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10. proof that the financial security or other equivalent provision as required under Article 19 will be valid and effective before commencement of the injection.
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(10) prova li l-garanzija finanzjarja jew mezz ieħor ekwivalenti kif meħtieġ taħt l-Artikolu 19 ser tkun valida u effettiva qabel tinbeda l-injezzjoni.
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Article 8
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Artikolu 8
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Conditions for storage permits
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Il-kundizzjonijiet għall-permessi għall-ħżin
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The competent authority shall issue a storage permit only if the following conditions are met:
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L-awtorità kompetenti għandha toħroġ permess għall-ħżin biss jekk il-kundizzjonijiet li ġejjin jintlaħqu:
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1. the competent authority, on the basis of the application submitted pursuant to Article 7 and of any other relevant information, is satisfied that:
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(1) l-awtorità kompetenti, fuq il-bażi tal-applikazzjoni ppreżentata taħt l-Artikolu 7 u ta’ kwalunkwe tagħrif ieħpr relevanti, tkun sodisfatta li:
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(a) all relevant requirements of this Directive and of other relevant Community legislation are met;
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(a) ir-rekwiżiti rilevanti kollha ta’ din id-Direttiva u ta’ kwalunkwe leġiżlazzjoni Komunitarja relevanti oħra jkunu ntlaħqu;
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(b) the operator is financially sound and technically competent and reliable to operate and control the site and that professional and technical development and training of the operator and all staff are provided;
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(b) l-operatur ikun f’qagħda finanzjarja soda u teknikament kompetenti u affidabbli biex jopera u jikkontrolla s-sit; u li jkun provdut l-iżvilupp u t-taħriġ professjonali u tekniku tal-operatur u tal-istaff kollu;
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(c) in the case of more than one storage site in the same hydraulic unit, the potential pressure interactions are such that both sites can simultaneously meet the requirements of this Directive;
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(c) fil-każ ta’ aktar minn sit wieħed tal-ħżin fl-istess unita idrawlika, l-interazzjonijiet tal-pressjoni potenzjali jkunu tali li ż-żewġ siti jkunu jistgħu simultanjament jissodisfaw il-kundizzjonijiet ta’ din id-Direttiva;
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2. the competent authority has considered any opinion of the Commission on the draft permit issued pursuant to Article 10.
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(2) l-awtorità kompetenti tkun ikkunsidrat kwalunkwe opinjoni tal-Kummissjoni dwar l-abbozz tal-permess li jinħareġ taħt l-Artikolu 10.
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Article 9
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Artikolu 9
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Contents of storage permits
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Il-kontenut tal-permessi għall-ħżin
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The permit shall contain at least the following:
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Il-permess għandu jinkludi mill-inqas dan li ġej:
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1. the name and address of the operator;
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(1) l-isem u l-indirizz tal-operatur;
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2. the precise location and delimitation of the storage site and storage complex, and information concerning the hydraulic unit;
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(2) il-lokalizzazzjoni u d-delimitazzjoni preċiża tas-sit tal-ħżin u tal-kumpless tal-ħżin, u tagħrif dwar l-unita idrawlika;
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3. the requirements for storage operation, the total quantity of CO2 authorised to be geologically stored, the reservoir pressure limits, and the maximum injection rates and pressures;
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(3) ir-rekwiżiti għall-operazzjoni tal-ħżin il-kwantità totali ta’ CO2 awtorizzata li tiġi maħżuna ġeoloġikament, il-limiti tal-pressjoni tal-ġibjun, u r-rati u l-pressjonijiet massimi ta’ injezzjoni;
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4. the requirements for the composition of the CO2 stream and the CO2 stream acceptance procedure pursuant to Article 12, and, if necessary, further requirements for injection and storage in particular to prevent significant irregularities;
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(4) ir-rekwiżiti għall-kompożizzjoni tan-nixxiegħa tas-CO2 u l-proċedura ta’ aċċettazzjoni tan-nixxiegħa tas-CO2 taħt l-Artikolu 12, u, jekk ikun meħtieġ, rekwiżiti oħra għall-injezzjoni u l-ħżin partikolarment biex ma jitħallewx isiru irregolaritajiet sinifikanti;
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5. the approved monitoring plan, the obligation to implement the plan and requirements for updating it pursuant to Article 13 as well as the reporting requirements pursuant to Article 14;
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(5) il-pjan ta’ monitoraġġ approvat, l-obbligazzjoni li jiġi implimentat il-pjan u r-rekwiżiti għall-aġġornament tiegħu taħt l-Artikolu 13 kif ukoll ir-rekwiżiti ta’ rappurtaġġ taħt l-Artikolu 14;
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6. the requirement to notify the competent authority in the event of leakages or significant irregularities, the approved corrective measures plan and the obligation to implement the corrective measures plan in the event of leakages or significant irregularities pursuant to Article 16;
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(6) ir-rekwiżit li tiġi nnotifikata l-awtorità kompetenti fil-każ ta’ tnixxijiet jew irregolaritajiet sinifikanti, il-pjan ta’ miżuri korrettivi approvat u l-obbligazzjoni li jiġi implimentat il-pjan ta’ miżuri korrettivi fil-każ ta’ tnixxijiet jew irregolaritajiet sinifikanti taħt l-Artikolu 16;
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7. the conditions for closure and the approved provisional post-closure plan referred to in Article 17;
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(7) il-kundizzjonijiet għall-għeluq u l-pjan provviżorju ta’ wara l-għeluq approvat imsemmi fl-Artikolu 17;
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8. any provisions on changes, review, updating and withdrawal of the storage permit pursuant to Article 11;
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(8) dispożizzjonijiet dwar bidliet, reviżjoni, aġġornament u irtirar tal-permess għall-ħżin taħt l-Artikolu 11;
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9. the requirement to establish and maintain the financial security or any other equivalent pursuant to Article 19.
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(9) ir-rekwiżit li tiġi stabbilita u miżmuma l-garanzija finanzjarja jew kwalunkwe ekwivalenti ieħor taħt l-Artikolu 19.
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Article 10
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Artikolu 10
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Commission review of draft storage permits
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Ir-reviżjoni tal-Kummissjoni tal-abbozzi tal-permessi għall-ħżin
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1. Member States shall make the permit applications available to the Commission within one month after receipt. They shall also make available other related material that shall be taken into account by the competent authority when it seeks to make a decision on the award of a storage permit. They shall inform the Commission of all draft storage permits and any other material taken into consideration for the adoption of the draft decision. Within four months after receipt of the draft storage permit, the Commission may issue a non-binding opinion on it. If the Commission decides not to issue an opinion, it shall inform the Member State within one month of submission of the draft permit and state its reasons.
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1. L-Istati Membri għandhom jagħmlu l-applikazzjonijiet għall-permess disponibbli għall-Kummissjoni fi żmien xahar minn meta jkunu rċevewhom. Huma għandhom ukoll jagħmlu disponibbli materjal relatat ieħor li għandu jiġi meqjus mill-awtorità kompetenti meta din tkun ser tieħu deċiżjoni dwar l-għoti ta’ permess għall-ħżin. Huma għandhom jgħarrfu lill-Kummissjoni bl-abbozzi tal-permessi għall-ħżin kollha, u bi kwalunkwe materjal ieħor meqjus meta jiġi adottat l-abbozz tad-deċiżjoni. Fi żmien erba’ xhur wara li tirċievi l-abbozz ta’ permess għall-ħżin, il-Kummissjoni tista’ toħroġ opinjoni mhux vinkolanti dwarha. Jekk il-Kummissjoni tiddeċiedi li ma toħroġx opinjoni, hija għandha tgħarraf lill-Istat Membru fi żmien xahar mill-preżentazzjoni tal-abbozz tal-permess u tagħti r-raġunijiet tagħha għal dan.
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2. The competent authority shall notify the final decision to the Commission, and where it departs from the Commission opinion it shall state its reasons.
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2. L-awtorità kompetenti għandha tinnotifika d-deċiżjoni finali lill-Kummissjoni, filwaqt li tistqarr ir-raġunijiet tagħha fejn tkun differenti mill-opinjoni tal-Kummissjoni.
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Article 11
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Artikolu 11
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Changes, review, update and withdrawal of storage permits
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Tibdil, reviżjoni, aġġornament u rtirar tal-permessi għall-ħżin
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1. The operator shall inform the competent authority of any changes planned in the operation of the storage site, including changes concerning the operator. Where appropriate, the competent authority shall update the storage permit or the permit conditions.
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1. L-operatur għandu jinforma lill-awtorità kompetenti bi kwalunkwe bidliet ippjanati fl-operazzjoni tas-sit tal-ħżin, inkluż tibdil li jikkonċerna l-operatur. Fejn xieraq, l-awtorità kompetenti għandha taġġorna l-permess għall-ħżin jew il-kundizzjonijiet tal-permess.
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2. Member States shall ensure that no substantial change is implemented without a new or updated storage permit issued in accordance with this Directive. Annex II, point 13, first indent of Directive 85/337/EEC shall apply in such cases.
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2. L-Istati Membri għandhom jiżguraw li l-ebda bidla sostanzjali ma tiġi implimentata mingħajr il-ħruġ ta’ permess għall-ħżin ġdid jew aġġornat konformement ma’ din id-Direttiva. L-ewwel inċiż tal-punt 13 tal-Anness II tad-Direttiva 85/337/KEE għandu japplika f’każijiet bħal dawn.
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3. The competent authority shall review and where necessary update or, as a last resort, withdraw the storage permit:
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3. L-awtorità kompetenti għandha tirrivedi u fejn meħtieġ taġġorna jew, jekk ma jistax isir mod ieħor, tirtira l-permess għall-ħżin:
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(a) if it has been notified or made aware of any leakages or significant irregularities pursuant to Article 16(1);
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(a) jekk tkun ġiet innotifikata jew tinġibdilha l-attenzjoni bi tnixxijiet jew kwalunkwe irregolarità sinifikanti taħt l-Artikolu 16(1);
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(b) if the reports submitted pursuant to Article 14 or the environmental inspections carried out pursuant to Article 15 show non-compliance with permit conditions or risks of leakages or significant irregularities;
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(b) jekk ir-rapporti preżentati taħt l-Artikolu 14 jew l-ispezzjonijiet ambjentali mwettqa taħt l-Artikolu 15 juru nuqqas ta’ konformità mal-kundizzjonijiet tal-permess jew riskji ta’ tnixxijiet jew irregolaritajiet sinifikanti;
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(c) if it is aware of any other failure by the operator to meet the permit conditions;
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(c) jekk tkun konxja minn kwalunkwe nuqqas ieħor mill-operatur li jilħaq il-kundizzjonijiet tal-permess;
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(d) if it appears necessary on the basis of the latest scientific findings and technological progress; or
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(d) jekk jidher li dan huwa neċessarju abbażi tal-aktar sejbiet xjentifiċi u progress teknoloġiku reċenti; jew
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(e) without prejudice to points (a) to (d), five years after issuing the permit and every 10 years thereafter.
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(e) mingħajr preġudizzju għall-punti (a) sa (d), ħames snin wara l-ħruġ tal-permess u mbagħad kull għaxar snin.
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4. After a permit has been withdrawn pursuant to paragraph 3, the competent authority shall either issue a new storage permit or close the storage site pursuant to Article 17(1)(c). Until a new storage permit has been issued, the competent authority shall temporarily take over all legal obligations relating to acceptance criteria where the competent authority decides to continue CO2 injections, monitoring and corrective measures pursuant to the requirements laid down in this Directive, the surrender of allowances in cases of leakage pursuant to Directive 2003/87/EC and preventive and remedial action pursuant to Articles 5(1) and 6(1) of Directive 2004/35/EC. The competent authority shall recover any costs incurred from the former operator, including by drawing on the financial security referred to in Article 19. In case of closure of the storage site pursuant to Article 17(1)(c), Article 17(4) shall apply.
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4. Wara li jiġi rtirat permess taħt il-paragrafu 3, l-awtorità kompetenti għandha jew toħroġ permess għall-ħżin ġdid jew tagħlaq is-sit tal-ħżin konformement mal-punt (c) tal-Artikolu 17(1). Sakemm ma jinħariġx permess għall-ħżin ġdid, l-awtorità kompetenti għandha temporanjament twettaq l-obbligi legali kollha relatati mal-kriterji ta’ aċċettazzjoni meta l-awtorità kompetenti tiddeċiedi li l-injezzjonijiet tas-CO2, il-monitoraġġ u l-miżuri korrettivi ma jitwaqqfux konformement mar-rekwiżiti stabbiliti f’din id-Direttiva, iċ-ċediment tal-kwoti f’każijiet ta’ tnixxija taħt id-Direttiva 2003/87/KE u azzjoni preventiva u ta’ rimedju taħt l-Artikoli 5(1) u 6(1) tad-Direttiva 2004/35/KE. L-awtorità kompetenti għandha tirkupra kwalunkwe spejjeż magħmula mingħand l-operatur preċedenti anke billi tagħmel użu mill-garanzija finanzjarja msemmija fl-Artikolu 19. Fil-każ tal-għeluq tas-sit tal-ħżin taħt il-punt (c) tal-Artikolu 17(1), għandu japplika l-Artikolu 17(4).
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CHAPTER 4
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KAPITOLU 4
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OPERATION, CLOSURE AND POST-CLOSURE OBLIGATIONS
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L-OBBLIGAZZJONIJIET TAL-OPERAZZJONI, TAL-GĦELUQ U TA’ WARA L-GĦELUQ
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Article 12
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Artikolu 12
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CO2 stream acceptance criteria and procedure
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Il-kriterji u l-proċedura tal-aċċettazzjoni tan-nixxiegħa tas-CO2
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1. A CO2 stream shall consist overwhelmingly of carbon dioxide. To this end, no waste or other matter may be added for the purpose of disposing of that waste or other matter. However, a CO2 stream may contain incidental associated substances from the source, capture or injection process and trace substances added to assist in monitoring and verifying CO2 migration. Concentrations of all incidental and added substances shall be below levels that would:
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1. Nixxiegħa tas-CO2 għandha tikkonsisti kważi kompletament f’dijossidu tal-karbonju. Għal dan il-għan, l-ebda skart jew ħaġa oħra ma jistgħu jiġu miżjuda sabiex dak l-iskart jew ħaġa oħra jiġu mormija. Madankollu, nixxiegħa tas-CO2 jista’ jkun fiha sustanzi assoċjati inċidentali mis-sors, mill-ġbir jew mill-proċess tal-injezzjoni u sustanzi ta’ traċċi miżjuda biex jgħin fil-monitoraġġ u l-verifika tal-migrazzjoni tas-CO2. Il-konċentrazzjonijiet tas-sustanzi inċidentali u miżjuda kollha għandhom ikunu anqas minn livelli li:
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(a) adversely affect the integrity of the storage site or the relevant transport infrastructure;
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(a) jaffetwaw b’mod ħażin l-integrità tas-sit għall-ħżin jew l-l-infrastruttura tat-trasport rilevanti;
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(b) pose a significant risk to the environment or human health; or
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(b) ikunu ta’ riskju sinifikanti għall-ambjent jew għas-saħħa umana; jew
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(c) breach the requirements of applicable Community legislation.
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(c) jiksru r-rekwiżiti tal-leġislazzjoni Komunitarja applikabbli.
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2. The Commission shall, if appropriate, adopt guidelines to help identify the conditions applicable on a case by case basis for respecting the criteria laid down in paragraph 1.
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2. Il-Kummissjoni għandha, jekk ikun il-każ, tadotta linji gwida bħala għajnuna għall-identifikazzjoni tal-kondizzjonijiet applikabbli fuq bażi ta’ każ b’każ għar-rispett tal-kriterji stabbiliti fil-paragrafu 1.
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3. Member States shall ensure that the operator:
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3. L-Istati Membri għandhom jiżguraw li l-operatur:
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(a) accepts and injects CO2 streams only if an analysis of the composition, including corrosive substances, of the streams and a risk assessment have been carried out, and if the risk assessment has shown that the contamination levels are in line with the conditions referred to in paragraph 1;
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(a) jaccetta u jinjetta biss nixxigħat tas-CO2 jekk ikunu twettqu analiżi tal-kompoizzjoni, inklużi s-sustanzi korrużivi, tan-nixxigħat, u stima tar-riskju, u jekk l-istima tar-riskju turi li l-livelli ta’ kontaminazzjoni huma konformi mal-kondizzjonijiet imsemmija fil-paragrafu 1,
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(b) keeps a register of the quantities and properties of the CO2 streams delivered and injected, including the composition of those streams.
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(b) iżomm reġistru tal-kwantitajiet u l-karatteristiċi tan-nixxiegħat tas-CO2 konsenjati, u injettati, inkluża l-kompożizzjoni ta’ dawk, in-nixxiegħat.
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Article 13
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Artikolu 13
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Monitoring
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Il-monitoraġġ
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1. Member States shall ensure that the operator carries out monitoring of the injection facilities, the storage complex (including where possible the CO2 plume), and where appropriate the surrounding environment for the purpose of:
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1. L-Istati Membri għandhom jiżguraw li l-operatur iwettaq monitoraġġ tal-faċilitajiet ta’ injezzjoni, tal-kumpless tal-ħżin (anke fejn possibbli tal-formazzjoni tas-CO2), u fejn xieraq tal-ambjent tal-madwar għall-iskop ta’:
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(a) comparison between the actual and modelled behaviour of CO2 and formation water, in the storage site;
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(a) tqabbil bejn il-komportament attwali u dak immuddellat tas-CO2 u ilma ta’ formazzjoni, fis-sit tal-ħżin;
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(b) detecting significant irregularities;
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(b) rilevament ta’ irregolaritajiet sinifikanti;
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(c) detecting migration of CO2;
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(c) l-identifikar ta’ migrazzjoni ta’ CO2;
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(d) detecting leakage of CO2;
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(d) l-identifikar ta’ tnixxija tas-CO2;
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(e) detecting significant adverse effects for the surrounding environment, including in particular on drinking water, for human populations, or for users of the surrounding biosphere;
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(e) l-identifikar ta’ effetti ta’ ħsara sinifikanti għall-ambjent tal-madwar, anke b’mod partikolari fuq l-ilma tax-xorb, għall-popolazzjonijiet tal-bnedmin, jew għall-utenti tal-biosfera tal-madwar;
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(f) assessing the effectiveness of any corrective measures taken pursuant to Article 16;
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(f) il-valutazzjoni tal-effikaċja ta’ kwalunkwe miżuri korrettivi meħuda taħt l-Artikolu 16;
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(g) updating the assessment of the safety and integrity of the storage complex in the short and long term, including the assessment of whether the stored CO2 will be completely and permanently contained.
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(g) aġġornament tal-valutazzjoni tas-sigurtà u l-integrità tal-kumpless tal-ħżin fil-perjodu qasir u dak fit-tul, inkluża l-valutazzjoni jekk is-CO2 maħżun huwiex se jkun kompletament permanentement konfinat.
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2. The monitoring shall be based on a monitoring plan designed by the operator pursuant to the requirements laid down in Annex II, including details on the monitoring in accordance with the guidelines established pursuant to Article 14 and Article 23(2) of Directive 2003/87/EC, submitted to and approved by the competent authority pursuant to Article 7(6) and Article 9(5) of this Directive. The plan shall be updated pursuant to the requirements laid down in Annex II and in any case every five years to take account of changes to the assessed risk of leakage, changes to the assessed risks to the environment and human health, new scientific knowledge, and improvements in best available technology. Updated plans shall be re-submitted for approval to the competent authority.
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2. Il-monitoraġġ għandu jkun ibbażat fuq pjan ta’ monitoraġġ imfassal mill-operatur konformement mar-rekwiżiti stabbiliti fl-Anness II, inklużi dettalji dwar il-monitoraġ bi qbil mal-linji gwida stabbiliti taħt l-Artikolu 14 u l-Artikolu 23(2) tad-Direttiva 2003/87/KE, preżentat lill-awtorità kompetenti u approvat minnha taħt il-punt 6 tal-Artikolu 7 u taħt il-punt 5 tal-Artikolu 9 ta’ din id-Direttiva. Il-pjan għandu jiġi aġġornat konformement mar-rekwiżiti stabbiliti fl-Anness II u f’kull każ kull ħames snin biex jitqies t-tibdil għar-riskju vvalutat ta’ tnixxija, tibdil fir-riskji stmati għall-ambjent u s-saħħa tal-bniedem, konoxxenza xjentifika ġdida, u titjib fl-aħjar teknoloġija disponibbli. Għandhom jiġu preżentati mill-ġdid pjanijiet aġġornati għall-approvazzjoni lill-awtorità kompetenti.
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Article 14
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Artikolu 14
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Reporting by the operator
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Ir-rappurtar mill-operatur
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At a frequency to be determined by the competent authority, and in any event at least once a year, the operator shall submit to the competent authority:
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Bi frekwenza li għandha tiġi ddeterminata mill-awtorità kompetenti, u fi kwalunkwe każ mill-inqas darba f’sena, l-operatur għandu jippreżenta lill-awtorità kompetenti:
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1. all results of the monitoring pursuant to Article 13 in the reporting period, including information on the monitoring technology employed;
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(1) ir-riżultati kollha tal-monitoraġġ taħt l-Artikolu 13 fil-perjodu tar-rappurtar inkluż it-tagħrif dwar it-teknoloġija tal-monitoraġġ użata;
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2. the quantities and properties of the CO2 streams delivered and injected, including composition of those streams, in the reporting period, registered pursuant to Article 12(3)(b);
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(2) il-kwantitajiet u l-karatteristiċi tan-nixxiegħat tas-CO2 ikkonsenjati u injettati, inkluża, l-kompożizzjoni ta’ dawk in-nixxigħat, fil-perjodu tar-rappurtar, reġistrati taħt il-punt (b) tal-Artikolu 12(3);
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3. proof of the putting in place and maintenance of the financial security pursuant to Article 19 and Article 9(9);
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(3) prova tat-twaqqif u taż-żamma tal-garanzija finanzjarja taħt l-Artikolu 19 u taħt il-punt 9 tal-Artikolu 9;
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4. any other information the competent authority considers relevant for the purposes of assessing compliance with storage permit conditions and increasing the knowledge of CO2 behaviour in the storage site.
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(4) kwalunkwe tagħrif ieħor li l-awtorità kompetenti tqis rilevanti għall-finijiet tal-valutazzjoni tal-konformità mal-kundizzjonijiet tal-permess għall-ħżin u taż-żieda fil-konoxxenza dwar il-komportament tas-CO2 fis-sit tal-ħżin.
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Article 15
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Artikolu 15
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Inspections
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Ispezzjonijiet
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1. Member States shall ensure that the competent authorities organise a system of routine and non-routine inspections of all storage complexes within the scope of this Directive for the purposes of checking and promoting compliance with the requirements of the Directive and of monitoring the effects on the environment and on human health.
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1. L-Istati Membri għandhom jiżguraw li l-awtoritajiet kompetenti jorganizzaw sistema ta’ spezzjonijiet ta’ rutina jew mhux ta’ rutina tal-kumplessi tal-ħżin kollha ġewwa l-ambitu ta’ din id-Direttiva għall-finijiet ta’ ċċekkjar u promozzjoni tal-konformità mar-rekwiżiti tad-Direttiva u tal-monitoraġġ tal-effetti fuq l-ambjent u fuq is-saħħa tal-bniedem.
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2. Inspections should include activities such as visits of the surface installations, including the injection facilities, assessing the injection and monitoring operations carried out by the operator, and checking all relevant records kept by the operator.
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2. L-ispezzjonijiet għandhom jinkludu attivitajiet bħal żjarat tal-istallazzjonijiet tal-wiċċ, inklużi l-faċilitajiet ta’ injezzjoni, il-valutazzjoni tal-operazzjonijiet ta’ injezzjoni u ta’ monitoraġġ imwettqa mill-operatur, u l-iċċekkjar tar-reġistri kollha rilevanti miżmuma mill-operatur.
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3. Routine inspections shall be carried out at least once a year until three years after closure and every five years until transfer of responsibility to the competent authority has occurred. They shall examine the relevant injection and monitoring facilities as well as the full range of relevant effects from the storage complex on the environment and on human health.
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3. L-ispezzjonijiet ta’ rutina għandhom jitwettqu mill-inqas darba fis-sena sa tliet snin wara l-għeluq u kull ħames snin sa meta jseħħ it-trasferiment tar-responsabbiltà lill-awtorità kompetenti.. Għandhom jeżaminaw il-faċilitajiet ta’ injezzjoni u ta’ monitoraġġ rilevanti kif ukoll il-firxa sħiħa tal-effetti rilevanti mill-kumpless tal-ħżin fuq l-ambjent u fuq is-saħħa tal-bniedem.
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4. Non-routine inspections shall be carried out:
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4. L-ispezzjonijiet mhux ta’ rutina għandhom jitwettqu:
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(a) if the competent authority has been notified or made aware of leakages or significant irregularities pursuant to Article 16(1);
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(a) jekk l-awtorità kompetenti tkun ġiet innotifikata jew nġibditilha l-attenzjoni bi tnixxijiet jew b’irregolaritajiet sinifikanti taħt l-Artikolu 16(1);
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(b) if the reports pursuant to Article 14 have shown insufficient compliance with the permit conditions;
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(b) jekk ir-rapporti taħt l-Artikolu 14 ikunu wrew konformità mhux suffiċjenti mal-kundizzjonijiet tal-permess;
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(c) to investigate serious complaints related to the environment or human health;
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(c) biex jiġu investigati lmenti relatati mal-ambjent jew mas-saħħa tal-bniedem serji;
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(d) in other situations where the competent authority considers this appropriate.
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(d) f’sitwazzjonijiet oħra fejn l-awtorità kompetenti tqis dan xieraq.
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5. Following each inspection, the competent authority shall prepare a report on the results of the inspection. The report shall evaluate compliance with the requirements of this Directive and indicate whether or not further action is necessary. The report shall be communicated to the operator concerned and shall be publicly available in accordance with relevant Community legislation within two months of the inspection.
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5. Wara kull spezzjoni, l-awtorità kompetenti għandha tipprepara rapport dwar ir-riżultati tal-ispezzjoni. Ir-rapport għandu jevalwa l-konformità mar-rekwiżiti ta’ din id-Direttiva u jindika jekk hijiex meħtieġa jew le azzjoni oħra. Ir-rapport għandu jiġi kkomunikat lill-operatur ikkonċernat u għandu jkun disponibbli pubblikament konformement mal-leġislazzjoni Komunitarja rilevanti fi żmien xahrejn mill-ispezzjoni.
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Article 16
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Artikolu 16
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Measures in case of leakages or significant irregularities
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Il-miżuri f’każ ta’ tnixxijiet jew irregolaritajiet sinifikanti
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1. Member States shall ensure that in the event of leakages or significant irregularities, the operator immediately notifies the competent authority, and takes the necessary corrective measures, including measures related to the protection of human health. In cases of leakages and significant irregularities which imply the risk of leakage, the operator shall also notify the competent authority pursuant to Directive 2003/87/EC.
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1. L-Istati Membri għandhom jiżguraw li f’każ ta’ tnixxijiet jew irregolaritajiet sinifikanti, l-operatur jinnotifika immedjatament lill-awtorità kompetenti u jieħu l-miżuri korrettivi meħtieġa inklużi miżuri li għandhom x’jaqsmu mal-protezzjoni tas-saħħa tal-bniedem. Fil-każijiet ta’ tnixxijiet u rregolaritajiet sinifikanti li jimplikaw ir-riskju ta’ tnixxija, l-operatur għandu jinnotifika wkoll lill-awtorità kompetenti konformement mad-Direttiva 2003/87/KE.
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2. The corrective measures referred to in paragraph 1 shall be taken as a minimum on the basis of a corrective measures plan submitted to and approved by the competent authority pursuant to Article 7(7) and Article 9(6).
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2. Il-miżuri korrettivi msemmija fil-paragrafu 1 għandhom jittieħdu bħala minimu abbażi ta’ pjan ta’ miżuri korrettivi preżentat lill-awtorità kompetenti u approvat minnha taħt il-punt 7 tal-Artikolu 7 u taħt il-punt 6 tal-Artikolu 9;
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3. The competent authority may at any time require the operator to take the necessary corrective measures, as well as measures related to the protection of human health. These may be additional to or different from those laid out in the corrective measures plan. The competent authority may also at any time take corrective measures itself.
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3. L-awtorità kompetenti tista’ f’kull ħin teħtieġ lill-operatur biex jieħu miżuri korrettivi meħtieġa kif ukoll il-miżuri relatati mal-protezzjoni tas-saħħa tal-bniedem. Dawn jistgħu jkunu addizzjonali għal jew differenti minn dawk stabbiliti fil-pjan ta’ miżuri korrettivi. Hija tista’ wkoll fi kwalunkwe ħin tieħu miżuri korrettivi hija stess.
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4. If the operator fails to take the necessary corrective measures, the competent authority shall take the necessary corrective measures itself.
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4. Jekk l-operatur jonqos milli jieħu l-miżuri korrettivi meħtieġa, l-awtorità kompetenti għandha tieħu l-miżuri korrettivi meħtieġa hija stess.
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5. The competent authority shall recover the costs incurred in relation to the measures referred to in paragraphs 3 and 4 from the operator, including by drawing on the financial security pursuant to Article 19.
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5. L-awtorità kompetenti għandha tirkupra l-ispejjeż imġarrba fir-rigward tal-miżuri msemmija fil-paragrafi 3 u 4 mingħand l-operatur anke bl-użu tal-garanzija finanzjarja taħt l-Artikolu 19.
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Article 17
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Artikolu 17
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Closure and post-closure obligations
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L-obbligazzjonijiet tal-għeluq u ta’ wara l-għeluq
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1. A storage site shall be closed:
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1. Sit tal-ħżin għandu jingħalaq:
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(a) if the relevant conditions stated in the permit have been met;
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(a) jekk il-kundizzjonijiet rilevanti ddikjarati fil-permess jintlaħqu;
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(b) at the substantiated request of the operator, after authorisation of the competent authority; or
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(b) fuq talba issostanzjata tal-operatur, wara awtorizzazzjoni tal-awtorità kompetenti; jew
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(c) if the competent authority so decides after the withdrawal of a storage permit pursuant to Article 11(3).
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(c) jekk l-awtorità kompetenti tiddeċiedi hekk wara l-irtirar ta’ permess għall-ħżin taħt l-Artikolu 11(3).
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2. After a storage site has been closed pursuant to points (a) or (b) of paragraph 1, the operator remains responsible for monitoring, reporting and corrective measures, pursuant to the requirements laid down in this Directive, and for all obligations relating to the surrender of allowances in case of leakages pursuant to Directive 2003/87/EC and preventive and remedial actions pursuant to Articles 5 to 8 of Directive 2004/35/EC until the responsibility for the storage site is transferred to the competent authority pursuant to Article 18(1) to (5) of this Directive. The operator shall also be responsible for sealing the storage site and removing the injection facilities.
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2. Wara li sit tal-ħżin jingħalaq taħt il-punti (a) jew (b) tal-paragrafu 1, l-operatur jibqa’ responsabbli għall-monitoraġġ, għar-rappurtar, u għall-miżuri korrettivi konformement mar-rekwiżiti stabbiliti f’din id-Direttiva, u għall-obbligazzjonijiet kollha relatati maċ-ċediment tal-kwoti f’każ ta’ tnixxijiet taħt id-Direttiva 2003/87/KE u azzjonijiet preventivi u ta’ rimedju taħt l-Artikoli 5 sa 8 tad-Direttiva 2004/35/KE, sakemm ir-responsabbiltà għas-sit tal-ħżin tiġi trasferita lill-awtorità kompetenti taħt l-Artikolu 18(1) sa (5) ta’ din id-Direttiva. L-operatur għandu wkoll ikun responsabbli għall-issiġillar tas-sit tal-ħżin u t-tneħħija tal-faċilitajiet ta’ injezzjoni.
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3. The obligations referred to in paragraph 2 shall be fulfilled on the basis of a post-closure plan designed by the operator based on best practice and in accordance with the requirements laid down in Annex II. A provisional post-closure plan shall be submitted to and approved by the competent authority pursuant to Article 7(8) and Article 9(7). Prior to the closure of a storage site pursuant to points (a) or (b) of paragraph 1 of this Article, the provisional post-closure plan shall be:
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3. L-obbligazzjonijiet imsemmija fil-paragrafu 2 għandhom jiġu sodisfatti fuq il-bażi ta’ pjan ta’ wara l-għeluq imfassal mill-operatur ibbażat fuq l-aħjar prattika u konformement mar-rekwiżiti stabbiliti fl-Anness II. Il-pjan provviżorju ta’ wara l-għeluq għandu jiġi preżentat lill-awtorità kompetenti u jiġi approvat minnha taħt il-punt 8 tal-Artikolu 7 u taħt il-punt 7 tal-Artikolu 9. Qabel l-għeluq ta’ sit tal-ħżin taħt il-punt (a) jew il-punt (b) tal-paragrafu 1 ta’ dan l-Artikolu, il-pjan provviżorju ta’ wara l-għeluq għandu jkun:
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(a) updated as necessary, taking account of risk analysis, best practice and technological improvements;
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(a) aġġornat kif meħtieġ, b’kont meħud tal-analiżi tar-riskju, l-aħjar prattika u t-titjib teknoloġiku;
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(b) submitted to the competent authority for its approval; and
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(b) preżentat lill-awtorità kompetenti għall-approvazzjoni tagħha; u
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(c) approved by the competent authority as the definitive post-closure plan.
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(c) approvat mill-awtorità kompetenti bħala l-pjan ta’ wara l-għeluq definittiv.
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4. After a storage site has been closed pursuant to paragraph 1(c), the competent authority shall be responsible for monitoring and corrective measures pursuant to the requirements laid down in this Directive and for all obligations relating to the surrender of allowances in case of leakages pursuant to Directive 2003/87/EC and preventive and remedial action pursuant to Articles 5(1) and 6(1) of Directive 2004/35/EC. The post-closure requirements pursuant to this Directive shall be fulfilled by the competent authority on the basis of the provisional post-closure plan referred to in paragraph 3 of this Article, which shall be updated as necessary.
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4. Wara li sit tal-ħżin jingħalaq taħt il-punt (c) tal-paragrafu 1, l-awtorità kompetenti għandha tkun responsabbli, għall-monitoraġġ, u l-miżuri korrettivi konformement mar-rekwiżiti stabbiliti f’din id-Direttiva u għall-obbligazzjonijiet kollha relatati maċ-ċediment tal-kwoti fil-każ ta’ tnixxija taħt id-Direttiva 2003/87/KE u għall-azzjoni preventiva u ta’ rimedju taħt l-Artikolu 5(1) u 6(1) tad-Direttiva 2004/35/KE. Ir-rekwiżiti ta’ wara l-għeluq taħt din id-Direttiva għandhom jiġu sodisfatti mill-awtorità kompetenti fuq il-bażi tal-pjan provviżorju ta’ wara l-għeluq imsemmi fil-paragrafu 3 ta’ dan l-Artikolu, li għandu jkun aġġornat kif meħtieġ.
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5. The competent authority shall recover from the operator the costs incurred in relation to the measures referred to in paragraph 4, including by drawing on the financial security pursuant to Article 19.
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5. L-awtorità kompetenti għandha tirkupra mingħand l-operatur l-ispejjeż magħmulin fir-rigward tal-miżuri msemmijin fil-paragrafu 4, anke bl-użu tas-sigurtà finanzjarja taħt l-Artikolu 19.
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Article 18
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Artikolu 18
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Transfer of responsibility
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It-trasferiment tar-responsabbiltà
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1. Where a storage site has been closed pursuant to points (a) or (b) of Article 17(1), all legal obligations relating to monitoring and corrective measures pursuant to the requirements laid down in this Directive, the surrender of allowances in the event of leakages pursuant to Directive 2003/87/EC and preventive and remedial action pursuant to Articles 5(1) and 6(1) of Directive 2004/35/EC, shall be transferred to the competent authority on its own initiative or upon request from the operator, if the following conditions are met:
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1. Fejn sit tal-ħżin jingħalaq taħt il-punti (a) jew (b) tal-Artikolu 17(1), l-obbligazzjonijiet legali kollha relatati mal-monitoraġġ u l-miżuri korrettivi taħt ir-rekwiżiti stabbiliti f’din id-Direttiva, iċ-ċediment tal-kwoti f’każijiet ta’ tnixxija taħt id-Direttiva 2003/87/KE u l-azzjoni preventiva u ta’ rimedju taħt l-Artikoli 5(1) u 6(1) tad-Direttiva 2004/35/KE, għandhom jiġu trasferiti lill-awtorità kompetenti fuq inizjattiva tagħha stess jew fuq talba mill-operatur dment li l-kondizzjonijiet li ġejjin ikunu rrispettati:
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(a) all available evidence indicates that the stored CO2 will be completely and permanently contained;
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(a) l-evidenza disponibbli kollha tindika li s-CO2 maħżun ser ikun kontenut kompletament u b’mod permanenti;
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(b) a minimum period, to be determined by the competent authority has elapsed. This minimum period shall be no shorter than 20 years, unless the competent authority is convinced that the criterion referred to in point (a) is complied with before the end of that period;
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(b) perijodu minimu, li għandu jiġi determinat mill-awtorità kompetenti, ikun għadda. Dan il-perijodu minimu m’għandux ikun inqas minn 20 sena, sakemm il-awtorità kompetenti ma tkunx konvinta li l-kriterju msemmi fil-punt (a) ġie sodisfatt qabel tmiem dan il-perijodu;
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(c) the financial obligations referred to in Article 20 have been fulfilled;
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(c) l-obbligi finanzjarji msemmija fl-Artikolu 20 jkunu ġew sodisfatti;
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(d) the site has been sealed and the injection facilities have been removed.
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(d) is-sit ikun ġie ssiġġillat u l-faċilitajiet ta’ injezzjoni tneħħew.
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2. The operator shall prepare a report documenting that the condition referred to in paragraph 1(a) has been met and shall submit it to the competent authority for the latter to approve the transfer of responsibility. This report shall demonstrate, at least:
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2. L-operatur għandu jħejji rapport li jiddokumenta li l-kondizzjoni msemmija fil-punt (a) tal-paragrafu 1 ġiet sodisfatta u għandu jippreżentah lill-awtorità kompetenti sabiex din tal-aħħar tapprova t-trasferiment tar-responsabbiltà. Dan ir-rapport għandu juri, mill-inqas:
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(a) the conformity of the actual behaviour of the injected CO2 with the modelled behaviour;
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(a) il-konformità bejn il-komportament reali tas-CO2 injettat u il-komportament mmudellat;
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(b) the absence of any detectable leakage;
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(b) in-nuqqas ta’ kwalunkwe tnixxija li tista’ tiġi rilevata;
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(c) that the storage site is evolving towards a situation of long-term stability.
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(c) li s-sit għall-ħżin qed jevolvi lejn sitwazzjoni ta’ stabbiltà fit-tul.
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The Commission may adopt guidelines on the assessment of the matters referred to in points (a), (b) and (c) of the first subparagraph, highlighting therein any implications for the technical criteria relevant to the determination of the minimum periods referred to in paragraph 1(b).
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Il-Kummissjoni tista’ tadotta linji gwida dwar il-valutazzjoni tal-kwistjonijiet imsemmija fis-punti (a), (b) u (c) tal-ewwel subparagrafu, filwaqt li tenfasizza fihom kwalunkwe implikazzjoni għall-kriterji tekniċi rilevanti għad-determinazzjoni tal-perijodi minimi msemmija fil-punt (b) tal-paragrafu 1.
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3. Where the competent authority is satisfied that the conditions referred to in points (a) and (b) of paragraph 1 are met, it shall prepare a draft decision of approval of the transfer of responsibility. The draft decision shall specify the method for determining that the conditions referred to in paragraph 1(d) have been met as well as any updated requirements for the sealing of the storage site and for the removal of injection facilities.
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3. Meta l-awtorità kompetenti tkun sodisfatta li l-kondizzjonijiet imsemmija fil-punti (a) u (b) tal-paragrafu 1 ikunu ntlaħqu, hija għandha tħejji abbozz ta’ deċiżjoni ta’ approvazzjoni tat-trasferiment tar-responsabbiltà. L-abbozz tad-deċiżjoni għandu jispeċifika l-metodu għad-determinazzjoni li l-kondizzjonijiet imsemmija fil-punt (d) tal-paragrafu 1 ikunu ġew sodisfatti kif ukoll kwalunkwe rekwiżit aġġornat għall-issiġġillar tas-sit għall-ħżin u għat-tneħħija tal-faċilitajiet ta’ injezzjoni.
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If the competent authority considers that the conditions referred to in points (a) and (b) of paragraph 1 are not met, it shall inform the operator of its reasons.
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Jekk l-awtorità kompetenti tqis li l-kondizzjonijiet imsemmija fil-punti (a) u (b) tal-paragrafu 1 mhumiex sodisfatti, hija għandha tinforma lill-operatur bir-raġunijiet tagħha.
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4. Member States shall make the reports referred to in paragraph 2 available to the Commission within one month after receipt. They shall also make available other related material that shall be taken into account by the competent authority when it prepares a draft decision of approval on the transfer of responsibility. They shall inform the Commission of all draft decisions of approval prepared by the competent authority pursuant to paragraph 3, including any other material taken into consideration for arriving at its conclusion. Within four months after receipt of the draft decision of approval, the Commission may issue a non-binding opinion on it. If the Commission decides not to issue an opinion, it shall inform the Member State within one month of submission of the draft decision of approval and state its reasons.
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4. L-Istati Membri għandhom jagħmlu r-rapporti msemmija fil-paragrafu 2 disponibbli għall-Kummissjoni fi żmien xahar minn meta jkunu rċevewhom. Huma għandhom ukoll jagħmlu disponibbli materjal relatat ieħor li għandu jiġi meqjus mill-awtorità kompetenti meta din tħejji abbozz ta’ deċiżjoni ta’ approvazzjoni dwar it-trasferiment ta’ responsabbiltà. Huma għandhom jgħarrfu lill-Kummissjoni bl-abbozzi tad-deċiżjonijiet ta’ approvazzjoni kollha mħejjija mill-awtorità kompetenti taħt il-paragrafu 3, inkluż kwalunkwe materjal ieħor meqjus biex tasal għall-konklużjoni tagħha. Fi żmien erba’ xhur wara li tirċievi l-abbozz ta’ deċiżjoni ta’ approvazzjoni, il-Kummissjoni tista’ toħroġ opinjoni mhux vinkolanti dwaru. Jekk il-Kummissjoni tiddeċiedi li ma toħroġx opinjoni, hija għandha tgħarraf lill-Istat Membru fi żmien xahar mill-preżentazzjoni tal-abbozz tad-deċiżjoni ta’ approvazzjoni u tagħti r-raġunijiet tagħha għal dan.
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5. Where the competent authority is satisfied that the conditions referred to in points (a) to (d) of paragraph 1 are complied with, it shall adopt the final decision and notify that decision to the operator. The competent authority shall also notify the final decision to the Commission, and where it departs from the Commission opinion it shall state its reasons.
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5. Meta l-awtorità kompetenti tkun sodisfatta li l-kondizzjonijiet imsemmija fil-punti (a) sa (d) tal-paragrafu 1 ġew sodisfatti, hija għandha tadotta d-deċiżjoni finali u tinnotifika dik id-deċiżjoni lill-operatur L-awtorità kompetenti għandha wkoll tinnotifika d-deċiżjoni finali lill-Kummissjoni, filwaqt li tistqarr ir-raġunijiet tagħha fejn tkun differenti mill-opinjoni tal-Kummissjoni.
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6. After the transfer of responsibility, routine inspections provided for in Article 15(3) shall cease and monitoring may be reduced to a level which allows for detection of leakages or significant irregularities. If any leakages or significant irregularities are detected, monitoring shall be intensified as required to assess the scale of the problem and the effectiveness of corrective measures.
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6. Wara t-trasferiment tar-responsabbiltà l-ispezzjonijiet ta’ rutina previsti fl-Artikolu 15(3) għandhom jieqfu u, il-monitoraġġ jista’ jitnaqqas għal livell li jippermetti li jinstabui tnixxiji jew irregolaritajiet sinifikanti. Jekk jinstabu kwalunkwe tnixxijiet jew irregolaritajiet sinifikanti, il-monitoraġġ għandu jiġi intensifikat kif meħtieġ biex jevalwa l-kobor tal-problema u l-effikaċja ta’ miżuri korrettivi.
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7. In cases where there has been fault on the part of the operator, including cases of deficient data, concealment of relevant information, negligence, wilful deceit or a failure to exercise due diligence, the competent authority shall recover from the former operator the costs incurred after the transfer of responsibility has taken place. Without prejudice to Article 20, there shall be no further recovery of costs after the transfer of responsibility.
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7. F’każijiet fejn kien hemm nuqqas min-naħa tal-operatur, inklużi każijiet ta’ data mhix tajba biżżejjed, ħabi ta’ tagħrif rilevanti, negliġenza, ingann bi ħsieb jew nuqqas fl-eżerċizzju tad-diliġenza dovuta, l-awtorità kompetenti għandha tirkupra mingħand l-operatur preċedenti l-ispejjeż imġarrba wara li jkun seħħ it-trasferiment tar-responsabbiltà. Mingħajr preġudizzju għall-Artikolu 20, ma għandu jkun hemm l-ebda rkupru ieħor tal-ispejjeż preċedenti wara t-trasferiment tar-responsabbiltà.
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8. Where a storage site has been closed pursuant to Article 17(1)(c), transfer of responsibility shall be deemed to take place if and when all available evidence indicates that the stored CO2 will be completely and permanently contained, and after the site has been sealed and the injection facilities have been removed.
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8. Fejn sit tal-ħżin jingħalaq taħt il-punt (c) tal-Artikolu 17(1), it-trasferiment tar-responsabbiltà għandha titqies li seħħet jekk u meta l-evidenza kollha disponibbli tkun tindika li s-CO2 maħżun se jkun kompletament u permanentement konfinat, u wara li s-sit ikun ġie issiġillat u l-faċilitajiet ta’ injezzjoni jkunu ġew imneħħija.
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Article 19
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Artikolu 19
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Financial security
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Il-garanzija finanzjarja
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1. Member States shall ensure that proof that adequate provisions can be established, by way of financial security or any other equivalent, on the basis of arrangements to be decided by the Member States, is presented by the potential operator as part of the application for a storage permit. This is in order to ensure that all obligations arising under the permit issued pursuant to this Directive, including closure and post-closure requirements, as well as any obligations arising from inclusion of the storage site under Directive 2003/87/EC, can be met. This financial security shall be valid and effective before commencement of injection.
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1. L-Istati Membri għandhom jiżguraw li tingħata prova li jistgħu jkunu stabbiliti dispożizzjonijiet adegwati, bħala garanzija finanzjarja jew kwalunkwe mezz ekwivalenti ieħor, fuq il-bażi ta’ arranġamenti li għandhom jiġu deċiżi mill-Istati Membri, hija ppreżentata mill-operatur potenzjali bħala parti mill-applikazzjoni għall-permess għall-ħżin. Dan sabiex jiġi żgurat li l-obbligazzjonijiet kollha li jirriżultaw taħt il-permess maħruġ taħt din id-Direttiva, inklużi rekwiżiti tal-għeluq u ta’ wara l-għeluq, kif ukoll kwalunkwe obbligazzjonijiet li jirriżultaw mill-inklużjoni tas-siti għall-ħżin taħt id-Direttiva 2003/87/KE jistgħu jintlaħqu. Din is-sigurtà finanzjarja għandha tkun valida u effettiva qabel il-bidu tal-injezzjoni.
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2. The financial security shall be periodically adjusted to take account of changes to the assessed risk of leakage and the estimated costs of all obligations arising under the permit issued pursuant to this Directive as well as any obligations arising from inclusion of the storage site under Directive 2003/87/EC.
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2. Il-garanzija finanzjarja għandha tiġi aġġustata perjodikament biex jittieħed kont tat-tibdil għar-riskju valutat ta’ tnixxija u l-ispejjeż stmati tal-obbligazzjonijiet kollha li jirriżultaw taħt il-permess maħruġ taħt din id-Direttiva, inkluża kwalunkwe obbligazzjoni li tirriżulta mill-inklużjoni tas-sit għall-ħżin taħt id-Direttiva 2003/87/KE.
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3. The financial security or any other equivalent referred to in paragraph 1 shall remain valid and effective:
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3. Il-garanzija finanzjarja jew kwalunkwe mezz ekwivalenti ieħor imsemmi fil-paragrafu 1 għandhom tibqa’ valida u effettiva:
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(a) after a storage site has been closed pursuant to points (a) or (b) of Article 17(1), until the responsibility for the storage site is transferred to the competent authority pursuant to Article 18(1) to (5);
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(a) wara li sit tal-ħżin jingħalaq taħt il-punti (a) jew (b) tal-Artikolu 17(1), sakemm ir-responsabbiltà għas-sit tal-ħżin tiġi trasferita lill-awtorità kompetenti taħt l-Artikolu 18(1) sa (5);
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(b) after the withdrawal of a storage permit pursuant to Article 11(3):
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(b) wara l-irtirar ta’ permess għall-ħżin taħt l-Artikolu 11(3):
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(i) until a new storage permit has been issued;
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(i) sakemm jinħareġ permess għall-ħżin ġdid;
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(ii) where the site is closed pursuant to Article 17(1)(c), until the transfer of responsibility pursuant to Article 18(8), provided the financial obligations referred to in Article 20 have been fulfilled.
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(ii) fejn is-sit jingħalaq taħt il-punt (c) tal-Artikolu 17(1), sa meta jsir it-trasferiment tar-responsabbiltà taħt l-Artikolu 18(8), dment li l-obbligi finanzjarji msemmija fl-Artikolu 20 jkunu ntlaħqu.
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Article 20
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Artikolu 20
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Financial mechanism
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Mekkaniżmu finanzjarju
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1. Member States shall ensure that the operator, on the basis of arrangements to be decided by the Member States, makes a financial contribution available to the competent authority before the transfer of responsibility pursuant to Article 18 has taken place. The contribution from the operator shall take into account those criteria referred to in Annex I and elements relating to the history of storing CO2 relevant to determining the post-transfer obligations, and cover at least the anticipated cost of monitoring for a period of 30 years. This financial contribution may be used to cover the costs borne by the competent authority after the transfer of responsibility to ensure that the CO2 is completely and permanently contained in geological storage sites after the transfer of responsibility.
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1. L-Istati Membri għandhom jiżguraw li l-operatur, abbażi tal-arranġamenti dettaljati li għandhom ikunu deċiżi mill-Istati Membri, iqiegħed kontribuzzjoni finanzjarja għad-dispożizzjoni tal-awtorità kompetenti qabel ma jkun sar it-trasferiment tar-responsabbiltà taħt l-Artikolu 18. Il-kontribuzzjoni mill-operatur għandha tqis dawk il-kriterji msemmija fl-Anness I u l-elementi li għandhom x’jaqsmu ir-rekord tal-ħżin tas-CO2 rilevanti biex ikunu determinati l-obbligi ta’ wara t-trasferiment, u għandha tkopri mill-inqas l-ispiża antiċipata ta’ monitoraġġ għal perijodu ta’ 30 sena. Din il-kontribuzzjoni finanzjarja tista’ tintuża biex tkopri l-ispejjeż imġarrba mill-awtorità kompetenti wara t-trasferiment tar-responsabbiltà sabiex ikun żgurat li s-CO2 ikun kontenut kompletament b’mod permanenti u f’siti għall-ħżin ġeoloġiku wara t-trasferiment tar-responsabbiltà.
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2. The Commission may adopt guidelines for the estimation of the costs referred to in paragraph 1 to be developed in consultation with Member States with a view to ensuring transparency and predictability for operators.
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2. Il-Kummissjoni tista’ tadotta linji gwida għall-istima tal-ispejjeż imsemmija fl-ewwel paragrafu li għandhom ikunu żviluppati f’konsultazzjoni mal-Istati Membri bil-ħsieb li tkun żgurata t-trasparenza u l-prevedibbiltà għall-operaturi.
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CHAPTER 5
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KAPITOLU 5
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THIRD-PARTY ACCESS
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L-AĊĊESS TA’ TERZI
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Article 21
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Artikolu 21
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Access to transport network and storage sites
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L-aċċess għan-network tat-trasport u għas-siti tal-ħżin
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1. Member States shall take the necessary measures to ensure that potential users are able to obtain access to transport networks and to storage sites for the purposes of geological storage of the produced and captured CO2, in accordance with paragraphs 2, 3 and 4.
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1. L-Istati Membri għandhom jieħdu l-miżuri meħtieġa biex jiżguraw li utenti potenzjali jkunu jistgħu jiksbu aċċess għan-networks tat-trasport u għas-siti tal-ħżin għall-finijiet ta’ ħżin ġeoloġiku tas-CO2 prodott u miġbur, konformement mal-paragrafi 2, 3 u 4.
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2. The access referred to in paragraph 1 shall be provided in a transparent and non-discriminatory manner determined by the Member State. The Member State shall apply the objectives of fair and open access, taking into account:
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2. L-aċċess imsemmi fil-paragrafu 1 għandu jiġi pprovdut b’mod trasparenti u mhux diskriminatorju determinat mill-Istat Membru. L-Istat Membru għandu japplika objettivi ta’ aċċess ġust u miftuħ, u jqis:
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(a) the storage capacity which is or can reasonably be made available within the areas determined under Article 4, and the transport capacity which is or can reasonably be made available;
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(a) il-kapaċità tal-ħżin li hija jew li tista’ raġonevolment tkun disponibbli ġewwa ż-żoni ddeterminati taħt l-Artikolu 4, u l-kapaċità ta’ transport li hija jew li tista’ raġonevolment tkun disponibbli;
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(b) the proportion of its CO2 reduction obligations pursuant to international legal instruments and to Community legislation that it intends to meet through capture and geological storage of CO2;
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(b) il-proporzjon tiegħu tal-obbligazzjonijiet ta’ tnaqqis tas-CO2 taħt strumenti legali internazzjonali u leġiżlazzjoni tal-Komunità li għandu l-intenzjoni li jilħaq permezz tal-ġbir u l-ħżin ġeoloġiku tas-CO2,
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(c) the need to refuse access where there is an incompatibility of technical specifications which cannot be reasonably overcome;
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(c) il-bżonn li jiġi rrifjutat l-aċċess fejn ikun hemm nuqqas ta’ kompatibbiltà tal-ispeċifikazzjonijiet tekniċi li ma jistgħux jingħelbu b’mod raġonevoli;
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(d) the need to respect the duly substantiated reasonable needs of the owner or operator of the storage site or of the transport network and the interests of all other users of the storage or the network or relevant processing or handling facilities who may be affected.
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(d) il-bżonn li jiġu rrispettati l-bżonnijiet raġonevoli sostanzjati kif xieraq tas-sid jew tal-operatur tas-sit tal-ħżin jew tan-network tat-trasport tas-CO2 u l-interessi tal-utenti l-oħra kollha tal-ħżin jew tan-network jew tal-faċilitajiet rilevanti tal-ipproċessar jew tal-ġarr li jistgħu jiġu affetwati; u;
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3. Transport network operators and operators of storage sites may refuse access on the grounds of lack of capacity. Duly substantiated reasons shall be given for any refusal.
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3. L-operaturi tan-network tat-trasport tas-CO2 u l-operaturi tas-siti tal-ħżin jistgħu jirrifjutaw l-aċċess għal raġuni ta’ nuqqas ta’ kapaċità. Għandhom jingħataw raġunijiet sostanzjati kif xieraq għal kull rifjut.
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4. Member States shall take the measures necessary to ensure that the operator refusing access on the grounds of lack of capacity or a lack of connection makes any necessary enhancements as far as it is economic to do so or when a potential customer is willing to pay for them, provided this would not negatively impact on the environmental security of transport and geological storage of CO2.
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4. L-Istati Membri għandhom jieħdu l-miżuri meħtieġa biex jiżguraw li l-operatur li jirrifjuta l-aċċess għal raġuni ta’ nuqqas ta’ kapaċità jew nuqqas ta’ konnessjoni jagħmel kull titjib meħtieġ sa fejn ikun ekonomiku li jagħmel dan jew meta jkun hemm klijent potenzjali li jkun lest li jħallas għalihom, sakemm dan ma jkollux impatt negattiv fuq is-sikurezza ambjentali tat-trasport u l-ħżin ġeoloġiku tas-CO2.
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Article 22
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Artikolu 22
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Dispute settlement
|
Ir-riżoluzzjoni ta’ disputi
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1. Member States shall ensure that they have in place dispute settlement arrangements, including an authority independent of the parties with access to all relevant information, to enable disputes relating to access to transport networks and to storage sites to be settled expeditiously, taking into account the criteria referred to in Article 21(2) and the number of parties which may be involved in negotiating such access.
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1. L-Istati Membri għandhom jiżguraw li jkollhom stabbiliti arranġamenti ta’ riżoluzzjoni ta’ disputi, inkluża awtorità indipendenti mill-partijiet b’aċċess għat-tagħrif kollu rilevanti, sabiex id-disputi relatati mal-aċċess għan-networks tat-trasport u għas-siti tal-ħżin jiġu riżolti malajr, filwaqt li jiġu meqjusal-kriterji msemmija fl-Artikolu 21(2) u n-numru ta’ partijiet li jistgħu jkunu involuti fin-negozjar ta’ dan l-aċċess.
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2. In the event of cross-border disputes, the dispute settlement arrangements of the Member State having jurisdiction over the transport network or the storage site to which access has been refused shall be applied. Where, in cross-border disputes, more than one Member State covers the transport network or storage site concerned, the Member States concerned shall consult with a view to ensuring that this Directive is applied consistently.
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2. F’każ ta’ disputi transkonfinali, għandhom jiġu applikati l-arranġamenti ta’ riżoluzzjoni ta’ disputi tal-Istat Membru li jkollu ġuriżdizzjoni fuq in-network tat-trasport jew fuq is-sit tal-ħżin li għalih l-aċċess ġie rifjutat. Fejn, f’disputi transkonfinali, aktar minn Stat Membru wieħed ikopri n-network tat-trasport jew is-sit tal-ħżin kkonċernat, l-Istati Membri kkonċernati għandhom jikkonsultaw bil-għan li jiġi żgurat li din id-Direttiva tiġi applikata b’mod konsistenti.
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CHAPTER 6
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KAPITOLU 6
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GENERAL PROVISIONS
|
DISPOŻIZZJONIJIET ĠENERALI
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Article 23
|
Artikolu 23
|
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Competent authority
|
L-awtorità kompetenti
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Member States shall establish or designate the competent authority or authorities responsible for fulfilling the duties established under this Directive. Where more than one competent authority is designated, Member States shall establish arrangements for the coordination of the work of those authorities undertaken pursuant to this Directive.
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L-Istati Membri għandhom jistabbilixxu jew jinnominaw l-awtorità jew l-awtoritajiet kompetenti responsabbli biex jissodisfaw id-dmirijiet stabbiliti taħt din id-Direttiva. Fejn tiġi nnominata aktar minn awtorità kompetenti waħda, l-Istati Membri għandhom jistabbilixxu arranġamenti għall-koordinazzjoni tax-xogħol ta’ dawn l-awtoritajiet magħmul taħt din id-Direttiva.
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Article 24
|
Artikolu 24
|
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Transboundary cooperation
|
Kooperazzjoni transkonfinali
|
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In cases of transboundary transport of CO2, transboundary storage sites or transboundary storage complexes, the competent authorities of the Member States concerned shall jointly meet the requirements of this Directive and of other relevant Community legislation.
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F’każijiet ta’ transport transkonfinali tas-CO2, siti tal-ħżin transkonfinali jew kumplessi tal-ħżin transkonfinali, l-awtoritajiet kompetenti tal-Istati Membri kkonċernati għandhom jilħqu r-rekwiżiti ta’ din id-Direttiva u ta’ leġiżlazzjoni rilevanti oħra tal-Komunità b’mod konġunt.
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Article 25
|
Artikolu 25
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Registers
|
Reġistri
|
|
1. The competent authority shall establish and maintain:
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1. L-awtorità kompetenti għandha tistabbilixxi u żżomm:
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|
(a) a register of the storage permits granted; and
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(a) reġistru tal-permessi għall-ħżin mogħtija u
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(b) a permanent register of all closed storage sites and surrounding storage complexes, including maps and sections of their spatial extent and available information relevant for assessing that the stored CO2 will be completely and permanently contained.
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(b) reġistru permanenti tas-siti tal-ħżin magħluqa kollha u tal-kumplessi tal-ħżin tal-madwar, inklużi mapep u taqsimiet li juru safejn dawn iwasslu u tagħrif disponibbli rilevanti biex jiġi vvalutat li s-CO2 maħżun ser ikun kontenut kompletament u permanentement.
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2. The registers referred to in paragraph 1 shall be taken into consideration by the competent national authorities in relevant planning procedures and when permitting any activity that could affect or be affected by the geological storage of CO2 in the registered storage sites.
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2. Għandu jittieħed kont tar-reġistri msemmija fil-paragrafu 1 mill-awtoritajiet nazzjonali kompetenti fil-proċeduri ta’ ppjanar rilevanti u meta jippermettu xi attività li tista’ taffetwa lil jew tiġi affetwata mill-ħżin ġeoloġiku tas-CO2 fis-siti tal-ħżin reġistrati.
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Article 26
|
Artikolu 26
|
|
Information to the public
|
Tagħrif għall-pubbliku
|
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Member States shall make available to the public environmental information relating to the geological storage of CO2 in accordance with the applicable Community legislation.
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L-Istati Membri għandhom jagħmlu disponibbli lill-pubbliku it-tagħrif ambjentali relatat mal-ħżin ġeoloġiku tas-CO2 konformement mal-leġislazzjoni Komunitarja applikabbli.
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Article 27
|
Artikolu 27
|
|
Reporting by Member States
|
Ir-rappurtar mill-Istati Membri
|
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1. Every three years the Member States shall submit to the Commission a report on the implementation of this Directive, including the register referred to in Article 25(1)(b). The first report shall be sent to the Commission by 30 June 2011. The report shall be drawn up on the basis of a questionnaire or outline drafted by the Commission in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 6 of Directive 91/692/EEC. The questionnaire or outline shall be sent to Member States at least six months before the deadline for the submission of the report.
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1. Kull tliet snin l-Istati Membri għandhom jippreżentaw lill-Kummissjoni rapport dwar l-implimentazzjoni ta’ din id-Direttiva inkluż ir-reġistru msemmi fil-punt (b) tal-Artikolu 25(1). L-ewwel rapport għandu jintbagħat lill-Kummissjoni sat- 30 ta’ Ġunju 2011. Ir-rapport għandu jsir fuq il-bażi ta’ kwestjonarju jew deskrizzjoni ġenerali mfasslin mill-Kummissjoni konformement mal-proċedura msemmija fl-Artikolu 6 tad-Direttiva 91/692/KEE. Il-kwestjonarju jew id-deskrizzjoni ġenerali għandha tintbagħat lill-Istati Membri mill-inqas sitt xhur qabel l-iskadenza għall-preżentazzjoni tar-rapport.
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2. The Commission shall organise an exchange of information between the competent authorities of the Member States concerning the implementation of this Directive.
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2. Il-Kummissjoni għandha torganizza skambju ta’ tagħrif bejn l-awtoritajiet kompetenti tal-Istati Membri dwar l-implimentazzjoni ta’ din id-Direttiva.
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Article 28
|
Artikolu 28
|
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Penalties
|
Penalitajiet
|
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The Member States shall lay down the rules on penalties applicable to infringements of the national provisions adopted pursuant to this Directive and shall take all measures necessary to ensure that they are implemented. The penalties provided for must be effective, proportionate and dissuasive. The Member States shall notify those provisions to the Commission by 25 June 2011 and shall notify it without delay of any subsequent amendment affecting them.
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L-Istati Membri għandhom jistabbilixxu r-regoli dwar il-penalitajiet applikabbli għall-ksur tad-dispożizzjonijiet nazzjonali adottati taħt din id-Direttiva u għandhom jieħdu l-miżuri kollha meħtieġa biex jiżguraw li jiġu implimentati. Il-penalitajiet ipprovduti għandhom ikunu effettivi, proporzjonati u dissuażivi. L-Istati Membri għandhom jinnotifikaw dawk id-dispożizzjonijiet lill-Kummissjoni sa 25 ta’ Ġunju 2011 u għandhom jinnotifikawha mingħajr dewmien b’kull emenda sussegwenti li taffetwahom.
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Article 29
|
Artikolu 29
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Amendments of Annexes
|
Emendament tal-Annessi
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Measures may be adopted to amend the Annexes. Those measures, designed to amend non-essential elements of this Directive, shall be adopted in accordance with the regulatory procedure with scrutiny referred to in Article 30(2).
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Jistgħu jittieħdu miżuri għall-emendament tal-Annessi. Dawk il-miżuri, imfassla biex jemendaw elementi mhux essenzjali ta’ din id-Direttiva, għandhom jiġu adottati konformement mal-proċedura regolatorja bl-iskrutinju msemmija fl-Artikolu 30(2).
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Article 30
|
Artikolu 30
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Committee procedure
|
Proċedura ta’ kumitat
|
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1. The Commission shall be assisted by the Climate Change Committee.
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1. Il-Kummissjoni għandha tiġi assistita mill-Kumitat tal-Bdil fil-Klima.
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2. Where reference is made to this paragraph, Article 5a(1) to (4) and Article 7 of Decision 1999/468/EC shall apply, having regard to the provisions of Article 8 thereof.
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2. Fejn issir referenza għal dan il-paragrafu, għandhom japplikaw l-Artikolu 5a(1) sa (4) u l-Artikolu 7 tad-Deċiżjoni 1999/468/KE, b’kont meħud tad-dispożizzjonijiet tal-Artikolu 8 ta’ din.
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CHAPTER 7
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KAPITOLU 7
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AMENDMENTS
|
EMENDI
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Article 31
|
Artikolu 31
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Amendment of Directive 85/337/EEC
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Emendament tad-Direttiva 85/337/KEE
|
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Directive 85/337/EEC is hereby amended as follows:
|
Id-Direttiva 85/337/KEE hija b’dan emendata kif ġej:
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|
1. Annex I shall be amended as follows:
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(1) L-Anness I għandu jiġi emendat kif ġej:
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|
(a) point 16 shall be replaced by the following:
|
(a) il-punt 16 għandu jinbidel b’dan li ġej:
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|
"16. Pipelines with a diameter of more than 800 mm and a length of more than 40 km:
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"16. Pipelines b’dijametru ta’ aktar minn 800 mm u tul ta’ aktar minn 40 km
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- for the transport of gas, oil, chemicals, and,
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- għat-trasport ta’ gass, żejt, sustanzi kimiċi u
|
|
- for the transport of carbon dioxide (CO2) streams for the purposes of geological storage, including associated booster stations.";
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- għat-trasport ta’ nixxigħat tad-dijossidu tal-karbonju (CO2) għall-finijiet ta’ ħżin ġeoloġiku, inklużi l-istazzjonijiet tal-kompressjoni assoċjati."
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|
(b) the following points shall be added:
|
(b) Għandhom jiżdiedu il-punti li ġejjin:
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|
"23. Storage sites pursuant to Directive 2009/31/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2009 on the geological storage of carbon dioxide [].
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"23. Siti tal-ħżin taħt id-Direttiva 2009/31/KE tal-Parlament Ewropew u tal-Kunsill tat- 23 ta' April 2009 dwar il-ħżin ġeoloġiku tad-dijossidu tal-karbonju [].
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24. Installations for the capture of CO2 streams for the purposes of geological storage pursuant to Directive 2009/31/EC from installations covered by this Annex, or where the total yearly capture of CO2 is 1,5 megatonnes or more.
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24. Stallazzjonijiet għall-ġbir tan-nixxiegħat tas-CO2 għall-finijiet tal-ħżin ġeoloġiku taħt id-Direttiva 2009/31/KE minn istallazzjonijiet koperti minn dan l-Anness, jew fejn il-ġbir totali annwali tas-CO2 tkun ta’ 1,5 mega tunnellati jew aktar.
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|
2. Annex II shall be amended as follows:
|
(2) L-Anness II, għandu jkun emendat kif ġej:
|
|
(a) the following point shall be added to point 3:
|
(a) il-punt li ġej huwa miżjud mal-punt 3:
|
|
"(j) Installations for the capture of CO2 streams for the purposes of geological storage pursuant to Directive 2009/31/EC from installations not covered by Annex I to this Directive.";
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"(j) Stallazzjonijiet għall-ġbir tan-nixxiegħat tas-CO2 għall-finijiet tal-ħżin ġeoloġiku taħt id-Direttiva 2009/31/KE minn istallazzjonijiet mhux koperti mill-Anness I ta’ din id-Direttiva."
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|
(b) point (i) of point 10 shall be replaced by the following:
|
(b) Il-punt (i) tal-punt 10 għandu jkun issostitwit b’dan li ġej:
|
|
"(i) Oil and gas pipeline installations and pipelines for the transport of CO2 streams for the purposes of geological storage (projects not included in Annex I)."
|
"(i) Stallazzjonijiet ta’ oleodotti u gassdotti u linji ta’ pajpijiet għat-trasport ta’ nixxigħat ta’ CO2 għall-finijiet ta’ ħżin ġeoloġiku (proġetti mhux inklużi fl-Anness I)."
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Article 32
|
Artikolu 32
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|
Amendment of Directive 2000/60/EC
|
Emendament tad-Direttiva 2000/60/KE
|
|
In Article 11(3)(j) of Directive 2000/60/EC, the following indent shall be inserted after the third indent:
|
Fil-punt (j) tal-Artikolu 11(3) tad-Direttiva 2000/60/KE, l-inċiż li ġej għandu jiddaħħal wara t-tielet inċiż:
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|
- "— injection of carbon dioxide streams for storage purposes into geological formations which for natural reasons are permanently unsuitable for other purposes, provided that such injection is made in accordance with Directive 2009/31/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2009 on the geological storage of carbon dioxide [] or excluded from the scope of that Directive pursuant to its Article 2(2);
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- "— injezzjoni tan-nixxiegħat tad-dijossidu tal-karbonju għall-finijiet tal-ħżin f’formazzjonijiet ġeoloġiċi li għal raġunijiet naturali mhumiex permanentement adegwati għal finijiet oħra, sakemm din it-tip ta’ injezzjoni ssir konformement mad-Direttiva 2009/31/KE tal-Parlament Ewropew u tal-Kunsill tat- 23 ta' April 2009 dwar il-ħżin ġeoloġiku tad-dijossidu tal-karbonju] [] jew tkun eskluża mill-kamp ta’ applikazzjoni ta’ dik id-Direttiva taħt l-Artikolu 2(2) tagħha;
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Article 33
|
Artikolu 33
|
|
Amendment of Directive 2001/80/EC
|
Emendament tad-Direttiva 2001/80/KE
|
|
In Directive 2001/80/EC, the following Article shall be inserted:
|
Fid-Direttiva 2001/80/KE, għandu jiddaħħal l-Artikolu li ġej:
|
|
"Article 9a
|
"Artikolu 9a
|
|
1. Member States shall ensure that operators of all combustion plants with a rated electrical output of 300 megawatts or more for which the original construction licence or, in the absence of such a procedure, the original operating licence is granted after the entry into force of Directive 2009/31/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2009 on the geological storage of carbon dioxide [], have assessed whether the following conditions are met:
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1. L-Istati Membri għandhom jiżguraw li operaturi tal-impjanti tal-kombustjoni kollha b’kapaċità stmata ta’ produzzjoni elettrika ta’ 300 megawatt jew aktar li għalihom il-liċenzja oriġinali ta’ kostruzzjoni jew, fin-nuqqas ta’ proċedura ta’ dan it-tip, il-liċenzja oriġinali biex joperaw tingħata wara d-dħul fis-seħħ tad-Direttiva 2009/31/KE tal-Parlament Ewropew u tal-Kunsill tat- 23 ta' April 2009 dwar il-ħżin ġeoloġiku tad-dijossidu tal-karbonju] [], ikunu vvalutaw jekk il-kondizzjonijiet li ġejjin humiex sodisfatti:
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- suitable storage sites are available,
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- is-siti għall-ħżin adegwati jkunu disponibbli;
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- transport facilities are technically and economically feasible,
|
- il-faċilitajiet tat-trasport ikunu teknikament u ekonomikament fattibbli;
|
|
- it is technically and economically feasible to retrofit for CO2 capture.
|
- ikun teknikament u ekonomikament fattibbli li jsir tagħmir ġdid wara għall-ġbir tas-CO2.
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|
2. If the conditions in paragraph 1 are met, the competent authority shall ensure that suitable space on the installation site for the equipment necessary to capture and compress CO2 is set aside. The competent authority shall determine whether the conditions are met on the basis of the assessment referred to in paragraph 1 and other available information, particularly concerning the protection of the environment and human health.
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2. Jekk il-kondizzjonijiet fil-paragrafu 1 jiġu sodisfatti, l-awtorità kompetenti għandha tiżgura li jitħalla spazju adatt fuq is-sit tal-istallazzjoni għat-tagħmir meħtieġ għall-ġbir u l-kompressjoni tas-CO2. L-awtorità kompetenti għandha tiddetermina jekk il-kondizzjonijiet humiex sodisfatti abbażi tal-valutazzjoni msemmija fil-paragrafu 1 u tagħrif ieħor disponibbli, partikolarment rigward il-protezzjoni tal-ambjent u s-saħħa tal-bniedem.
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Article 34
|
Artikolu 34
|
|
Amendment of Directive 2004/35/EC
|
Emendament tad-Direttiva 2004/35/KE
|
|
In Annex III to Directive 2004/35/EC, the following paragraph shall be added:
|
Fl-Anness III għad-Direttiva 2004/35/KE, għandu jiżdied il-paragrafu li ġej:
|
|
"14. The operation of storage sites pursuant to Directive 2009/31/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2009 on the geological storage of carbon dioxide [];
|
"14. L-operazzjoni ta’ siti tal-ħżin taħt id-Direttiva 2009/31/KE tal-Parlament Ewropew u tal-Kunsill tat- 23 ta' April 2009 dwar il-ħżin ġeoloġiku tad-dijossidu tal-karbonju] [];
|
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Article 35
|
Artikolu 35
|
|
Amendment of Directive 2006/12/EC
|
Emendament tad-Direttiva 2006/12/KE
|
|
Article 2(1)(a) of Directive 2006/12/EC shall be replaced by the following:
|
Il-punt (a) tal-Artikolu 2(1) tad-Direttiva 2006/12/KE għabdu jinbidel b’dan li ġej:
|
|
"(a) gaseous effluents emitted into the atmosphere and carbon dioxide captured and transported for the purposes of geological storage and geologically stored in accordance with Directive 2009/31/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2009 on the geological storage of carbon dioxide [] or excluded from the scope of that Directive pursuant to its Article 2(2);
|
"(a) skariki ta’ gassijiet mitfugħa fl-atmosfera u dijossidu tal-karbonju miġbur u trasportat għall-finijiet tal-ħżin ġeoloġiku u maħżun ġeoloġikament konformement mad-Direttiva 2009/31/KE tal-Parlament Ewropew u tal-Kunsill tat- 23 ta' April 2009 dwar il-ħżin ġeoloġiku tad-dijossidu tal-karbonju] [] jew esklużi mill-kamp ta’ applikazzjoni ta’ dik id-Direttiva taħt l-Artikolu 2(2) tagħha;
|
|
Article 36
|
Artikolu 36
|
|
Amendment of Regulation (EC) No 1013/2006
|
Emendament tar-Regolament (KE) Nru 1013/2006
|
|
In Article 1(3) of Regulation (EC) No 1013/2006, the following point shall be added:
|
Fl-Artikolu 1(3) tar-Regolament (KE) Nru 1013/2006, għandu jiżdied il-punt li ġej:
|
|
"(h) shipments of CO2 for the purposes of geological storage in accordance with Directive 2009/31/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2009 on the geological storage of carbon dioxide [];
|
"(h) vjeġġi ta’ CO2 għall-finijiet tal-ħżin ġeoloġiku konformement mad-Direttiva 2009/31/KE tal-Parlament Ewropew u tal-Kunsill tat- 23 ta' April 2009 dwar il-ħżin ġeoloġiku tad-dijossidu tal-karbonju] [];
|
|
Article 37
|
Artikolu 37
|
|
Amendment of Directive 2008/1/EC
|
Emendament tad-Direttiva 2008/1/KE
|
|
In Annex I to Directive 2008/1/EC, the following point shall be added:
|
Fl-Anness I għad-Direttiva 2008/1/KE, għandu jiżdied il-punt li ġej:
|
|
"6.9. Capture of CO2 streams from installations covered by this Directive for the purposes of geological storage pursuant to Directive 2009/31/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2009 on the geological storage of carbon dioxide [].
|
"6.9 Il-ġbir tan-nixxiegħat tas-CO2 minn istallazzjonijiet koperti minn din id-Direttiva għall-finijiet tal-ħżin ġeoloġiku taħt id-Direttiva 2009/31/KE tal-Parlament Ewropew u tal-Kunsill tat- 23 ta' April 2009 dwar il-ħżin ġeoloġiku tad-dijossidu tal-karbonju] [].
|
|
CHAPTER 8
|
KAPITOLU 8
|
|
FINAL PROVISIONS
|
DISPOŻIZZJONIJIET FINALI
|
|
Article 38
|
Artikolu 38
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Review
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Reviżjoni
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1. The Commission shall transmit to the European Parliament and to the Council a report on the implementation of this Directive within nine months of receiving the reports referred to in Article 27.
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1. Il-Kummissjoni għandha tittrasmetti lill-Parlament Ewropew u lill-Kunsill rapport dwar l-implimentazzjoni ta’ din id-Direttiva fi żmien disa’ xhur minn meta tirċievi r-rapporti msemmijin fl-Artikolu 27.
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2. In the report transmitted by 31 March 2015, the Commission shall assess in particular, on the basis of experience with the implementation of this Directive, in light of the experience with CCS and taking into account technical progress and the most recent scientific knowledge:
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2. Fir-rapport trasmess sal- 31 ta’ Marzu 2015, il-Kummissjoni għandha tivvaluta, b’mod partikolari, abbażi tal-esperjenza rigward l-implimentazzjoni ta’ din id-Direttiva, fid-dawl tal-esperjenza rigward is-CCS u b’kont meħud tal-progress tekniku u tal-konoxxenza xjentifika l-aktar reċenti:
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- whether permanent containment of CO2 in such a way as to prevent and reduce as far as possible negative effects on the environment and any resulting risk to human health and the environmental and human safety of CCS has been sufficiently demonstrated,
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- jekk il-konteniment permanenti tas-CO2 b’tali mod li jiġu prevenuti u mnaqqsa kemm jista’ jkun l-effetti negattivi fuq l-ambjent u kwalunkwe riskju li jirriżulta għas-saħħa tal-bniedem u s-sikurezza ambjentali u umana mis-CCS ġiex muri b’mod suffiċjenti;
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- whether the procedures regarding the Commission's reviews of the draft storage permits, referred to in Article 10, and the draft decisions on transfer of responsibility, referred to in Article 18, are still required,
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- jekk il-proċeduri rigward ir-reviżjonijiet mill-Kummissjoni tal-abbozzi tal-permessi għall-ħżin, imsemmijin fl-Artikolu 10 u l-abbozzi tad-deċiżjonijiet dwar it-trasferiment tar-responsabbiltà imsemmijiet fl-Artikolu 18 għadhomx meħtieġa;
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- experience with the provisions on CO2 stream acceptance criteria and procedure referred to in Article 12,
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- l-esperjenza bid-dispożizzjonijiet dwar il-kriterji u l-proċedura għall-aċċettazzjoni ta’ nixxigħat tas-CO2 msemmija fl-Artikolu 12;
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- experience with the provisions on third-party access referred to in Articles 21 and 22 and with the provisions on transboundary cooperation pursuant to Article 24,
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- l-esperjenza bid-dispożizzjonijiet dwar l-aċċess għall-partijiet terzi msemmi fl-Artikoli 21 u 22 u bid-dispożizzjonijiet dwar il-kooperazzjoni transkonfinali taħt l-Artikolu 24;
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- the provisions applicable to combustion plants with a rated electrical output of 300 megawatts or more referred to in Article 9a of Directive 2001/80/EC,
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- id-dispożizzjonijiet applikabbli għall-impjanti ta’ kombustjoni b’kapaċità ta’ produzzjoni elettrika ta’ 300 megawatts jew aktar imsemmijin fl-Artikolu 9a tad-Direttiva 2001/80/KE;
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- prospects for geological storage of CO2 in third countries,
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- prospetti għall-ħżin ġeoloġiku tas-CO2 f’pajjiżi terzi;
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- further development and updating of the criteria referred to in Annex I and Annex II,
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- aktar żvilupp u aġġornament tal-kriterji msemmija fl-Anness I u fl-Anness II;
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- experience with incentives for applying CCS on installations combusting biomass,
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- esperjenza rigward inċentivi għall-applikazzjoni tas-CCS fuq installazzjonijiet tal-kombustjoni tal-bijomassa;
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- the need for further regulation on environmental risks related to CO2 transport,
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- il-ħtieġa għal aktar regolamentazzjoni rigward riskji ambjentali relatati mat-trasport tas-CO2;
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and shall present a proposal for revision of the Directive if appropriate.
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u għandha tippreżenta proposta għar-reviżjoni tad-Direttiva jekk ikun hemm bżonn.
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3. Where permanent containment of CO2 in such way as to prevent and, where this is not possible, eliminate as far as possible negative effects and any risk to the environment and human health, and the environmental and human safety of CCS have been sufficiently demonstrated, as well as its economic feasibility, the review shall examine whether it is needed and practicable to establish a mandatory requirement for emission performance standards for new electricity-generating large combustion installations pursuant to Article 9a of Directive 2001/80/EC.
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3. Meta jintwera b’mod suffiċjenti li jkun hemm kontaminazzjoni permanenti tas-CO2 b’mod li jkunu impeduti u, meta dan ma jkunx possibbli, eliminati kemm jista’ jkun l-effetti negattivi u kwalunkwe riskju għall-ambjent u s-saħħa tal-bniedem, u s-sigurtà ambjentali u għall-bniedem tas-CCS, kif ukoll il-fattibbiltà ekonomika tagħha, ir-reviżjoni għandha teżamina jekk hux meħtieġ u prattikabbli li jkun stabbilit rekwiżit obbligatorju għal standards ta’ prestazzjoni ta’ emmissjonijiet għal installazzjonijiet ta’ kombustjoni kbar u ġodda għall-ġenerazzjoni tal-elettriku taħt l-Artikolu 9a tad-Direttiva 2001/80/KE.
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Article 39
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Artikolu 39
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Transposition and transitional measures
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Traspożizzjoni u miżuri tranżitorji
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1. Member States shall bring into force the laws, regulations and administrative provisions necessary to comply with this Directive by 25 June 2011. They shall forthwith communicate to the Commission the text of those measures.
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1. L-Istati Membri għandhom idaħħlu fis-seħħ il-liġijiet, regolamenti u dispożizzjonijiet amministrattivi meħtieġa biex jikkonformaw ma’ din id-Direttiva sa 25 ta’ Ġunju 2011. Huma għandhom jikkomunikaw minnufih lill-Kummissjoni t-test ta’ dawk il-miżuri.
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When Member States adopt these measures, they shall contain a reference to this Directive or shall be accompanied by such reference on the occasion of their official publication. The methods of making such reference shall be laid down by Member States.
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Meta l-Istati Membri jadottaw dawn il-miżuri, dawn għandhom jinkludu referenza għal din id-Direttiva jew ikunu akkumpanjati b’din ir-referenza meta jiġu ppubblikati uffiċjalment. Il-metodi kif issir tali referenza għandhom jiġu stabbili mill-Istati Membri.
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2. Member States shall communicate to the Commission the text of the main provisions of national law which they adopt in the field covered by this Directive.
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2. L-Istati Membri għandhom jikkomunikaw lill-Kummissjoni t-test tad-dispożizzjonijiet prinċipali tal-liġi nazzjonali li jadottaw fil-qasam kopert minn din id-Direttiva.
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3. Member States shall ensure that the following storage sites falling within the scope of this Directive are operated in accordance with the requirements of this Directive by 25 June 2012:
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3. L-Istati Membri għandhom jiżguraw li s-siti għall-ħżin li ġejjin li jaqgħu fil-kamp ta’ applikazzjoni ta’ din id-Direttiva jintużaw konformement mar-rekwiżiti ta’ din id-Direttiva sa 25 ta’ Ġunju 2012:
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(a) storage sites used in accordance with existing legislation on 25 June 2009;
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(a) siti għall-ħżin użati taħt il-leġislazzjoni eżistenti fi 25 ta’ Ġunju 2009;
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(b) storage sites authorised in accordance with such legislation before or on 25 June 2009, provided that the sites are used not later than one year after that date.
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(b) siti għall-ħżin awtorizzati taħt tali leġislazzjoni qabel jew fi 25 ta’ Ġunju 2009, sakemm dawn is-siti ma jintużawx aktar tard minn sena wara dik id-data.
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Articles 4 and 5, Article 7(3), Article 8(2) and Article 10 shall not apply in these cases.
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L-Artikoli 4 u 5, il-punt (3) tal-Artikolu 7(3), il-punt (2) tal-Artikolu 8 u l-Artikolu 10 m’għandhomx japplikaw f’dawn il-każijiet.
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Article 40
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Artikolu 40
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Entry into force
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Dħul fis-seħħ
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This Directive shall enter into force on the 20th day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.
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Din id-Direttiva għandha tidħol fis-seħħ fl-għoxrin jum wara l-pubblikazzjoni tagħha fil-Ġurnal Uffiċjali tal-Unjoni Ewropea.
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Article 41
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Artikolu 41
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Addressees
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Indirizzati
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This Directive is addressed to the Member States.
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Din id-Direttiva hija indirizzata lill-Istati Membri.
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Done at Strasbourg, 23 April 2009.
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Magħmul fi Strażburgu, 23 ta’ April 2009
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For the European Parliament
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Għall-Parlament Ewropew
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The President
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Il-President
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H.-G. Pöttering
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H.-G. Pöttering
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For the Council
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Għall-Kunsill
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The President
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Il-President
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P. Nečas
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P. Nečas
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[1] OJ C 27, 3.2.2009, p. 75.
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[1] ĠU C 27, 3.2.2009, p. 75
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[2] Opinion of the European Parliament of 17 December 2008 (not yet published in the Official Journal) and Council Decision of 6 April 2009.
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[2] L-Opinjoni tal-Parlament Ewropew tas- 17 ta’ Diċembru 2008 (għadha mhix ippubblikata fil-Ġurnal Uffiċjali) u d-Deċiżjoni tal-Kunsill tas- 6 ta’ April 2009.
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[3] OJ L 33, 7.2.1994, p. 11.
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[3] ĠU L 33, 7.2.1994, p. 11.
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[4] OJ L 242, 10.9.2002, p. 1.
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[4] ĠU L 242, 10.9.2002, p. 1.
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[5] OJ L 24, 29.1.2008, p. 8.
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[5] ĠU L 24, 29.1.2008, p. 8.
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[6] OJ L 175, 5.7.1985, p. 40.
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[6] ĠU L 175, 5.7.1985, p. 40.
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[7] OJ L 275, 25.10.2003, p. 32.
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[7] ĠU L 275, 25.10.2003, p. 32.
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[8] OJ L 143, 30.4.2004, p. 56.
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[8] ĠU L 143, 30.4.2004, p. 56.
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[9] OJ L 377, 31.12.1991, p. 48.
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[9] ĠU L 377, 31.12.1991, p. 48.
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[10] OJ L 184, 17.7.1999, p. 23.
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[10] ĠU L 184, 17.7.1999, p. 23.
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[11] OJ L 114, 27.4.2006, p. 9. Directive 2006/12/EC is repealed by Directive 2008/98/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 November 2008 on waste and repealing certain Directives (OJ L 312, 22.11.2008, p. 3) with effect from 12 December 2010.
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[11] ĠU L 114, 27.4.2006, p. 9. Id-Direttiva 2006/12/KE tħassret bid-Direttiva 2008/98/KE tal-Parlament Ewropew u tal-Kunsill tad- 19 ta’ Novembru 2008 dwar l-iskart u li tħassar ċerti Direttivi (ĠU L 312, 22.11.2008, p. 3) b’effett mit- 12 ta’ Diċembru 2010.
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[12] OJ L 190, 12.7.2006, p. 1.
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[12] ĠU L 190, 12.7.2006, p. 1.
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[13] OJ L 327, 22.12.2000, p. 1.
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[13] ĠU L 327, 22.12.2000, p. 1.
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[14] OJ L 372, 27.12.2006, p. 19.
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[14] ĠU L 372, 27.12.2006, p. 19.
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[15] OJ L 309, 27.11.2001, p. 1.
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[15] ĠU L 309, 27.11.2001, p. 1.
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[16] OJ C 321, 31.12.2003, p. 1.
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[16] ĠU C 321, 31.12.2003, p. 1.
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[] OJ L 140, 5.6.2009, p. 114.";
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[] ĠU L 140, 5.6.2009, p. 114".
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--------------------------------------------------
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ANNEX I
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ANNESS I
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CRITERIA FOR THE CHARACTERISATION AND ASSESSMENT OF THE POTENTIAL STORAGE COMPLEX AND SURROUNDING AREA REFERRED TO IN ARTICLE 4(3)
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KRITERJI GĦALL-KARATTERIZZAZZJONI U L-VALUTAZZJONI TAL-KUMPLESS GĦALL-ĦŻIN POTENZJALI U TAŻ-ŻONA TAL-MADWAR IMSEMMIJA FL-ARTIKOLU 4
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The characterisation and assessment of the potential storage complex and surrounding area referred to in Article 4(3) shall be carried out in three steps according to best practices at the time of the assessment and to the following criteria. Derogations from one or more of these criteria may be permitted by the competent authority provided the operator has demonstrated that the capacity of the characterisation and assessment to enable the determinations pursuant to Article 4 is not affected.
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Il-karatterizzazzjoni u l-valutazzjoni tal-kumpless tal-ħżin potenzjali u taż-żona tal-madwar imsemmija fl-Artikolu 4(3) għandhom jitwettqu fi tliet partijiet konformement mal-aħjar prattika fil-ħin tal-valutazzjoni u l-kriterji li ġejjin. Jistgħu jkunu permessi derogi minn wieħed jew aktar minn dawn il-kriterji mill-awtorità kompetenti dment li l-operatur juri li l-kapaċità tal-karatterizzazzjoni u l-valutazzjoni li jippermettu d-determinazzjonijiet taħt l-Artikolu 4 ma tiġix affettwata.
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Step 1: Data collection
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Parti 1: Il-ġbir tad-data
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Sufficient data shall be accumulated to construct a volumetric and three-dimensional static (3-D)-earth model for the storage site and storage complex, including the caprock, and the surrounding area, including the hydraulically connected areas. This data shall cover at least the following intrinsic characteristics of the storage complex:
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Għandha tiġi akkumulata biżżejjed data biex jinbena mudell tal-art volumetriku u statiku tridimensjonali (3-D) għas-sit tal-ħżin u għall-kumpless tal-ħżin inkluża l-blata tal-wiċċ (caprock) u l-madwar, inklużi l-oqsma konnessi idrawlikament. Din id-data għandha tkopri mill-inqas il-karatteristiċi intrinsiċi tal-kumpless għall-ħżin li ġejjin:
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(a) geology and geophysics;
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(a) il-ġeoloġija u l-ġeofiżika;
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(b) hydrogeology (in particular existence of ground water intended for consumption);
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(b) l-idroġeoloġija (b’mod partikolari l-eżistenza ta’ ilma ta’ taħt l-art intenzjonat għall-konsum);
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(c) reservoir engineering (including volumetric calculations of pore volume for CO2 injection and ultimate storage capacity);
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(c) l-inġinerija tal-ġibjuni (inklużi kalkoli volumetriċi tal-volum tal-pori għall-injezzjoni tas-CO2 u l-kapaċità tal-ħżin, finali);
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(d) geochemistry (dissolution rates, mineralisation rates);
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(d) il-ġeokimika (rati ta’ xoljiment, ir-rati tal-mineralizzazzjoni);
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(e) geomechanics (permeability, fracture pressure);
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(e) il-ġeomekkanika (il-permeabbiltà, il-pressjoni tal-qsim);
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(f) seismicity;
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(f) is-siżmiċità;
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(g) presence and condition of natural and man-made pathways, including wells and boreholes which could provide leakage pathways.
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(g) il-preżenza u kundizzjoni ta’ passaġġi naturali jew magħmula mill-bniedem inklużi bjar u spiri li jistgħu jipprovdu passaġġi għat-tnixxijiet;
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The following characteristics of the complex vicinity shall be documented:
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Il-karatteristiċi li ġejjin tal-viċinanza komplessiva għandhom jiġu ddokumentati:
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(h) domains surrounding the storage complex that may be affected by the storage of CO2 in the storage site;
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(h) l-oqsma li jiċċirkondaw il-kumpless tal-ħżin li jistgħu jiġu affetwati mill-ħżin tas-CO2 fis-sit tal-ħżin;
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(i) population distribution in the region overlying the storage site;
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(i) id-distribuzzjoni tal-popolazzjoni fir-reġjun sovrastanti s-sit tal-ħżin;
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(j) proximity to valuable natural resources (including in particular Natura 2000 areas pursuant to Council Directive 79/409/EEC of 2 April 1979 on the conservation of wild birds [1] and Council Directive 92/43/EEC of 21 May 1992 on the conservation of natural habitats and of wild fauna and flora [2], potable groundwater and hydrocarbons);
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(j) il-prossimità għal riżorsi naturali ta’ valur (inklużi b’mod partikolari ż-żoni tan-Natura 2000 taħt id-Direttiva tal-Kunsill 79/409/KEE tat- 2 ta’ April 1979 dwar il-konservazzjoni tal-għasafar selvaġġi [1] u d-Direttiva tal-Kunsill 92/43/KEE tal- 21 ta’ Mejju 1992 dwar il-konservazzjoni tal-habitat naturali u tal-fawna u l-flora selvaġġa [2], l-ilma ta’ taħt l-art li jista’ jinxtorob u l-idrokarboni);
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(k) activities around the storage complex and possible interactions with these activities (for example, exploration, production and storage of hydrocarbons, geothermal use of aquifers and use of underground water reserves);
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(k) l-attivitajiet madwar il-kumpless għall-ħżin u l-interazzjonijiet possibbli ma’ dawn l-attivitajiet (eż. l-esplorazzjoni, il-produzzjoni u l-ħżin tal-idrokarboni, l-użu ġeotermali ta’ blat li jżomm fih ħafna ilma u l-użu tar-riżervi tal-ilma ta’ taħt l-art);
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(l) proximity to the potential CO2 source(s) (including estimates of the total potential mass of CO2 economically available for storage) and adequate transport networks.
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(l) il-prossimità għas-sors(i) potenzjali ta’ CO2 (inklużi stimi tal-massa totali potenzjali tas-CO2 ekonomikament disponibbli għall-ħżin) u n-networks adatti tat-trasport.
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Step 2: Building the three-dimensional static geological earth model
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Parti 2: Bini tal-mudell tal-art ġeoloġiku statiku tridimensjonali
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Using the data collected in Step 1, a three-dimensional static geological earth model, or a set of such models, of the candidate storage complex, including the caprock and the hydraulically connected areas and fluids shall be built using computer reservoir simulators. The static geological earth model(s) shall characterise the complex in terms of:
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Permezz tad-data miġbura fil-Parti 1, għandu jinbena mudell tal-art ġeoloġiku statiku tridimensjonali, jew sett ta’ dawn it-tip ta’ mudelli, tal-kumpless tal-ħżin kandidat inkluż il-blat tal-wiċċ (caprock) u ż-żoni u fluwidi konnessi idrawlikament bl-użu ta’ simulaturi kompjuterizzati tal-ġibjuni. Il-mudell(i) tal-art ġeoloġiku(ġeoloġiċi) statiku(statiċi) għandu(għandhom) jikkaratterizza(w) il-kumpless f’termini ta’:
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(a) geological structure of the physical trap;
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(a) l-istruttura ġeoloġika tas-sifun fiżiku;
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(b) geomechanical, geochemical and flow properties of the reservoir overburden (caprock, seals, porous and permeable horizons) and surrounding formations;
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(b) il-karatteristiċi ġeomekkaniċi, ġeokimiċi u tal-fluss tal-piż sovrastmat tal-ġibjun (il-blata tal-wiċċ, is-siġilli, l-orizzonti porużi u permeabbli) u l-formazzjonijiet tal-madwar;
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(c) fracture system characterisation and presence of any human-made pathways;
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(c) il-karatterizzazzjoni tas-sistema tal-ksur u l-preżenza ta’ kwalunkwe passaġġ magħmul mill-bniedem;
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(d) areal and vertical extent of the storage complex;
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(d) l-estensjoni mill-medda u mill-għoli tal-kumpless tal-ħżin;
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(e) pore space volume (including porosity distribution);
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(e) il-volum tal-ispazju tal-pori (inkluża d-distribuzzjoni tal-porożità);
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(f) baseline fluid distribution;
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(f) id-distribuzzjoni bażi tal-fluwidi;
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(g) any other relevant characteristics.
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(g) kwalunkwe karatteristiċi oħra rilevanti.
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The uncertainty associated with each of the parameters used to build the model shall be assessed by developing a range of scenarios for each parameter and calculating the appropriate confidence limits. Any uncertainty associated with the model itself shall also be assessed.
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L-inċertezza assoċjata ma’ kull wieħed mill-parametri użati biex jinbena l-mudell għandha tiġi valutata billi jiġu żviluppati firxa ta’ xenarji għal kull parametru u billi jiġu kkalkulati l-limiti adegwati ta’ fiduċja. Kwalunkwe inċertezza assoċjata mal-mudell innifsu għandha wkoll tiġi valutata.
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Step 3: Characterisation of the storage dynamic behaviour, sensitivity characterisation, risk assessment
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Parti 3: Karatterizzazzjoni tal-komportament dinamiku tal-ħżin, karatterizzazzjoni tas-sensittività, l-istima tar-riskju
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The characterisations and assessment shall be based on dynamic modelling, comprising a variety of time-step simulations of CO2 injection into the storage site using the three-dimensional static geological earth model(s) in the computerised storage complex simulator constructed under Step 2.
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Il-karatterizzazzjoni u l-istima għandhom ikuni bbażati fuq l-immudellar dinamiku, li jikkonsisti varjetà ta’ simulazzjonijiet tal-mument tal-injezzjoni tas-CO2 fis-sit tal-ħżin bl-użu tal-mudell tal-art ġeoloġiku statiku tridimensjonali fis-simulatur kompjuterizzat tal-kumpless tal-ħżin mibni taħt il-Parti 2.
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Step 3.1: Characterisation of the storage dynamic behaviour
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Parti 3.1: Karatterizzazzjoni tal-komportament dinamiku tal-ħżin
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At least the following factors shall be considered:
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Għandhom jitqiesu mill-anqas il-fatturi li ġejjin:
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(a) possible injection rates and CO2 stream properties;
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(a) ir-rati possibbli ta’ injezzjoni u l-karatteristiċi ta’ nixxigħat tas-CO2;
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(b) the efficacy of coupled process modelling (that is, the way various single effects in the simulator(s) interact);
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(b) l-effikaċja tal-immudellar tal-proċess akkoppjat (eż. l-mod kif effetti uniċi varji fis-simulatur(i) jinteraġixxu);
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(c) reactive processes (that is, the way reactions of the injected CO2 with in situ minerals feedback in the model);
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(c) il-proċessi reattivi (jiġifieri l-mod kif ir-reazzjonijiet tas-CO2 injettat mal-minerali in situ jirriżultaw fil-mudell);
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(d) the reservoir simulator used (multiple simulations may be required in order to validate certain findings);
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(d) is-simulatur tal-ġibjun użat (simulazzjonijiet multipli jistgħu jkunu meħtieġa sabiex jivvalidaw ċerti sejbiet);
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(e) short and long-term simulations (to establish CO2 fate and behaviour over decades and millennia, including the rate of dissolution of CO2 in water).
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(e) is-simulazzjonijiet fil-qosor u fit-tul (biex jiġi stabbilit l-eżitu u l-komportament tas-CO2 matul id-deċennji u l-millenja inkluża r-rata ta’ dissoluzzjoni tas-CO2 fl-ilma).
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The dynamic modelling shall provide insight into:
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L-immudellar dinamiku għandu jipprovdi tagħrif dwar:
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(f) pressure and temperature of the storage formation as a function of injection rate and accumulative injection amount over time;
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(f) il-pressjoni u t-temperatura tal-formazzjoni tal-ħżin bħala funzjoni tar-rata ta’ injezzjoni u l-ammont ta’ injezzjoni kumulattiv tul iż-żmien;
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(g) areal and vertical extent of CO2 vs time;
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(g) il-wisa’ u l-għoli tas-CO2 vs. iż-żmien;
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(h) the nature of CO2 flow in the reservoir, including phase behaviour;
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(h) in-natura tal-fluss tas-CO2 fil-ġibjun inkluż il-komportament tal-fażi;
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(i) CO2 trapping mechanisms and rates (including spill points and lateral and vertical seals);
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(i) il-mekkaniżmi tal-ġbir u r-rati tas-CO2 (inklużi punti ta’ tnixxija u siġilli laterali u vertikali);
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(j) secondary containment systems in the overall storage complex;
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(j) is-sistemi sekondarji ta’ ġbir fil-kumpless kollu tal-ħżin;
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(k) storage capacity and pressure gradients in the storage site;
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(k) il-kapaċità tal-ħżin u l-gradjenti tal-pressjoni fis-sit tal-ħżin;
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(l) the risk of fracturing the storage formation(s) and caprock;
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(l) ir-riskju ta’ qsim tal-formazzjoni(jiet) tal-ħżin u tal-ġebla tal-wiċċ;
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(m) the risk of CO2 entry into the caprock;
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(m) ir-riskju tad-dħul tas-CO2 fil-ġebla tal-wiċċ;
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(n) the risk of leakage from the storage site (for example, through abandoned or inadequately sealed wells);
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(n) ir-riskju ta’ tnixxija mis-sit għall-ħżin (eż. minn ġo bjar abbandunati jew mhux issiġillatti b’mod xieraq);
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(o) the rate of migration (in open-ended reservoirs);
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(o) ir-rata tal-migrazzjoni (f’ġibjuni miftuħa);
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(p) fracture sealing rates;
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(p) ir-rati tal-issiġillar tal-qsim;
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(q) changes in formation(s) fluid chemistry and subsequent reactions (for example, pH change, mineral formation) and inclusion of reactive modelling to assess affects;
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(q) il-bdil fil-kimika fil-likwidi tal-formazzjoni(ijiet) u r-reazzjonijiet sussegwenti tal-formazzjoni(jiet) (eż. bidla fil-pH, fil-formazzjoni minerali) u inklużjoni ta’ mmudellar reattiv biex jiġu valutati l-effetti;
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(r) displacement of formation fluids;
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(r) l-ispostament tal-likwidi tal-formazzjoni.
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(s) increased seismicity and elevation at surface level.
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(s) aktar siżmiċità u elevazzjoni fil-livell tal-wiċċ.
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Step 3.2: Sensitivity characterisation
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Parti 3.2: Il-karatterizzazzjoni tas-sensittività
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Multiple simulations shall be undertaken to identify the sensitivity of the assessment to assumptions made about particular parameters. The simulations shall be based on altering parameters in the static geological earth model(s), and changing rate functions and assumptions in the dynamic modelling exercise. Any significant sensitivity shall be taken into account in the risk assessment.
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Is-simulazzjonijiet multipli għandhom isiru biex tiġi identifikata s-sensittività tal-istima għal assunzjonijiet magħmula dwar parametri partikolari. Is-simulazzjonijiet għandhom ikunu bbażati fuq parametri li jinbidlu fil-mudell(i) tal-art ġeoloġiku(ġeoloġiċi) statiku(statiċi), u funzjonijiet ta’ rati u ta’ assunzjonijiet li jinbidlu fl-eżerċizzju dinamiku ta’ mmudellar. Kwalunkwe sensittività sinifikanti għandha titqies fl-istima tar-riskju.
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Step 3.3: Risk assessment
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Parti 3.3: L-istima tar-riskju
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The risk assessment shall comprise, inter alia, the following:
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L-istima tar-riskju għandha tinkludi, inter alia, dan li ġej:
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3.3.1. Hazard characterisation
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3.3 1. Il-karatterizzazzjoni tal-periklu
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Hazard characterisation shall be undertaken by characterising the potential for leakage from the storage complex, as established through dynamic modelling and security characterisation described above. This shall include consideration of, inter alia:
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Il-karatterizzazzjoni tal-periklu għandha ssir billi jiġi kkaratterizzat il-potenzjal tat-tnixxija mill-kumpless tal-ħżin, kif stabbilit permezz tal-immudellar dinamiku u l-karatterizzazzjoni tas-sikurezza deskritti aktar ‘il fuq. Dan għandu jinkludi l-konsiderazzjoni ta’ inter alia:
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(a) potential leakage pathways;
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(a) il-passaġġi ta’ tnixxija potenzjali;
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(b) potential magnitude of leakage events for identified leakage pathways (flux rates);
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(b) il-kobor potenzjali ta’ avvenimenti ta’ tnixxija għal passaġġi ta’ tnixxija identifikati (ir-rati tal-fluss);
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(c) critical parameters affecting potential leakage (for example maximum reservoir pressure, maximum injection rate, temperature, sensitivity to various assumptions in the static geological Earth model(s));
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(c) il-parametri kritiċi li jaffetwaw it-tnixxija potenzjali (eż. l-pressjoni massima tal-ġibjun, ir-rata massima ta’ injezzjoni, it-temperatura, is-sensittività għal assunzjonijiet varji fil- mudell(i) tal-Art ġeoloġiku (ġeoloġiċi) statiku(statiċi) eċċ.);
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(d) secondary effects of storage of CO2, including displaced formation fluids and new substances created by the storing of CO2;
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(d) l-effetti sekondarji tal-ħżin tas-CO2 inklużi likwidi tal-formazzjoni spostati u sustanzi ġodda maħluqa mill-ħżin tas-CO2;
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(e) any other factors which could pose a hazard to human health or the environment (for example physical structures associated with the project).
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(e) kwalunkwe fattur ieħor li jista’ jkun ta’ periklu għas-saħħa tal-bniedem jew għall-ambjent (per eżempju strutturi fiżiċi assoċjati mal-proġett).
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The hazard characterisation shall cover the full range of potential operating conditions to test the security of the storage complex.
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Il-karatterizzazzjoni tal-periklu għandha tkopri l-firxa sħiħa ta’ kondizzjonijiet potenzjali tal-operat biex tiġi ttestjata s-sigurtà tal-kumpless tal-ħżin.
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3.3.2. Exposure assessment — based on the characteristics of the environment and the distribution and activities of the human population above the storage complex, and the potential behaviour and fate of leaking CO2 from potential pathways identified under Step 3.3.1.
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3.3.2. L-istima tal-esponiment — ibbażata fuq il-karatteristiċi tal-ambjent u d-distribuzzjoni u l-attivitajiet tal-popolazzjoni tal-bniedem fuq il-kumpless tal-ħżin, u l-komportament u l-eżitu potenzjali tas-CO2 li jnixxi minn passaġġi potenzjali identifikati taħt Parti 3.3.1;
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3.3.3. Effects assessment — based on the sensitivity of particular species, communities or habitats linked to potential leakage events identified under Step 3.3.1. Where relevant it shall include effects of exposure to elevated CO2 concentrations in the biosphere (including soils, marine sediments and benthic waters (asphyxiation; hypercapnia) and reduced pH in those environments as a consequence of leaking CO2). It shall also include an assessment of the effects of other substances that may be present in leaking CO2 streams (either impurities present in the injection stream or new substances formed through storage of CO2). These effects shall be considered at a range of temporal and spatial scales, and linked to a range of different magnitudes of leakage events.
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3.3.3. L-istima tal-effetti — ibbażata fuq is-sensittività ta’ speċji, komunitajiet jew ambjenti naturali partikolari konnessa ma’ avvenimenti ta’ tnixxija potenzjali identifikati taħt Parti 3.3.1. Fejn ikun rilevanti għandha tinkludi l-effetti tal-esponiment għal konċentrazzjonijiet għolja ta’ CO2 fil-biosfera (fgar; hypercapnia) u pH imnaqqas f’dawk l-ambjenti minħabba tnixxija ta’ CO2). Għandha tinkludi wkoll stima tal-effetti ta’ sustanzi oħra li jistgħu jkunu preżenti fi tnixxijiet minn nixxiegħat ta’ CO2 (jew impurezzi preżenti fin-nixxiegħa tal-injezzjoni jew sustanzi ġodda ffurmati permezz tal-ħżin tas-CO2). Dawn l-effetti għandhom jitqiesu fuq firxa ta’ skali abbażi taż-żmien u l-post, u konnessi ma’ firxa ta’ kobor differenti ta’ avvenimenti ta’ tnixxija.
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3.3.4. Risk characterisation — this shall comprise an assessment of the safety and integrity of the site in the short and long term, including an assessment of the risk of leakage under the proposed conditions of use, and of the worst-case environment and health impacts. The risk characterisation shall be conducted based on the hazard, exposure and effects assessment. It shall include an assessment of the sources of uncertainty identified during the steps of characterisation and assessment of storage site and when feasible, a description of the possibilities to reduce uncertainty.
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3.3.4. Il-karatterizzazzjoni tar-riskju — din għandha tikkonsisti minn valutazzjoni tas-sikurezza u tal-integrità tas-sit fiż-żmien qasir jew fit-tul, inkluża stima tar-riskju ta’ tnixxija taħt il-kundizzjonijiet proposti ta’ użu, u tal-agħar impatti ambjentali u għas-saħħa. Il-karatterizzazzjoni tar-riskju għandha titwettaq fuq bażi tal-istima tal-periklu, tal-esponiment u tal-effetti. Għandha tinkludi stima tas-sorsi ta’ inċertezza identifikati matul il-passi ta’ karatterizzazzjoni u valutazzjoni tas-sit tal-ħżin u fejn ikun vijabbli, deskrizzjoni tal-possibbiltajiet biex titnaqqas l-inċertezza.
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[1] OJ L 103, 25.4.1979, p. 1.
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[1] ĠU L 103, 25.4.1979, p. 1.
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[2] OJ L 206, 22.7.1992, p. 7.
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[2] ĠU L 206, 22.7.1992, p. 7.
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ANNEX II
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ANNESS II
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CRITERIA FOR ESTABLISHING AND UPDATING THE MONITORING PLAN REFERRED TO IN ARTICLE 13(2) AND FOR POST-CLOSURE MONITORING
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KRITERJI GĦALL-ISTABBILIMENT U L-AĠĠORNAMENTTAL-PJAN TA’ MONITORAĠĠ IMSEMMI FL-ARTIKOLU 13(2) U GĦALL-MONITORAĠĠ TA’ WARA L-GĦELUQ
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1. Establishing and updating the monitoring plan
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1. L-istabbiliment u l-aġġornament tal-pjan ta’ monitoraġġ
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The monitoring plan referred to in Article 13(2) shall be established according to the risk assessment analysis carried out in Step 3 of Annex I, and updated with the purpose of meeting the monitoring requirements laid out in Article 13(1) according to the following criteria:
|
Il-pjan ta’ monitoraġġ imsemmi fl-Artikolu 13(2) għandu jiġi stabbilit abbażi tal-analiżi tal-istima tar-riskju mwettqa fil-Parti 3 tal-Anness I, u aġġornat bl-iskop li jintlaħqu r-rekwiżiti ta’ monitoraġġ stabbiliti fl-Artikolu 13(1) konformement mal-kriterji li ġejjin:
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1.1. Establishing the plan
|
1.1. L-istabbiliment tal-pjan
|
|
The monitoring plan shall provide details of the monitoring to be deployed at the main stages of the project, including baseline, operational and post-closure monitoring. The following shall be specified for each phase:
|
Il-pjan ta’ monitoraġġ għandu jipprovdi d-dettalji tal-monitoraġġ li għandu jsir fl-istadji prinċipali tal-proġett, inklużi l-monitoraġġ tal-linja bażi, il-monitoraġġ operattiv, u l-monitoraġġ ta’ wara l-għeluq. Dawn li ġejjin għandhom jiġu speċifikati għal kull fażi:
|
|
(a) parameters monitored;
|
(a) il-parametri mmonitorjati;
|
|
(b) monitoring technology employed and justification for technology choice;
|
(b) it-teknoloġija ta’ monitoraġġ użata u l-ġustifikazzjoni għall-għażla tat-teknoloġija;
|
|
(c) monitoring locations and spatial sampling rationale;
|
(c) il-lokazzjonijiet tal-monitoraġġ u l-motivazzjoni wara t-teħid ta’ kampjuni minn postijiet differenti;
|
|
(d) frequency of application and temporal sampling rationale.
|
(d) il-frekwenza tal-applikazzjoni u l-motivazzjoni wara t-teħid ta’ kampjuni fi żminijiet differenti.
|
|
The parameters to be monitored are identified so as to fulfil the purposes of monitoring. However, the plan shall in any case include continuous or intermittent monitoring of the following items:
|
Il-parametri li għandhom jiġu mmonitorjati huma identifikati sabiex jitwettqu l-għanijiet tal-monitoraġġ. Madankollu, il-pjan għandu f’kull każ jinkludi monitoraġġ kontinwu jew intermittenti tal-oġġetti li ġejjin:
|
|
(e) fugitive emissions of CO2 at the injection facility;
|
(e) l-emissjonijiet tas-CO2 li jaħarbu mil-faċilità tal-injezzjoni;
|
|
(f) CO2 volumetric flow at injection wellheads;
|
(f) il-fluss volumetriku tas-CO2 fil-bokki tal-injezzjoni (injection wellheads);
|
|
(g) CO2 pressure and temperature at injection wellheads (to determine mass flow);
|
(g) il-pressjoni u t-temperatura tas-CO2 fil-bokki tal-injezzjoni (injection wellheads) (biex jiġi ddeterminat il-fluss tal-massa);
|
|
(h) chemical analysis of the injected material;
|
(h) l-analiżi kimika tal-materjali injettat;
|
|
(i) reservoir temperature and pressure (to determine CO2 phase behaviour and state).
|
(i) it-temperatura u l-pressjoni tal-ġibjun (biex jiġu ddeterminati l-komportament u l-istat tas-CO2 waqt il-fażi).
|
|
The choice of monitoring technology shall be based on best practice available at the time of design. The following options shall be considered and used as appropriate:
|
L-għażla tat-teknoloġija tal-monitoraġġ għandha tkun ibbażata fuq l-aħjar prattika disponibbli fiż-żmien tad-disinn. L-alternattivi li ġejjin għandhom jitqiesu u jiġu użati kif xieraq:
|
|
(j) technologies that can detect the presence, location and migration paths of CO2 in the subsurface and at surface;
|
(j) it-teknoloġiji li jistgħu jindividwaw il-preżenza, il-lok u l-passaġġi ta’ migrazzjoni tas-CO2 taħt il-wiċċ u fil-wiċċ;
|
|
(k) technologies that provide information about pressure-volume behaviour and areal/vertical distribution of CO2-plume to refine numerical 3-D simulation to the 3-D-geological models of the storage formation established pursuant to Article 4 and Annex I;
|
(k) it-teknoloġiji li jipprovdu tagħrif dwar il-komportament tal-volum-pressjoni u d-distribuzzjoni tas-saturazzjoni fil-wisa’ u fl-għoli tal-formazzjoni tas-CO2 biex tkun irfinuta s-simulazzjoni numerika 3-D għall-mudelli ġeoloġiċi 3-D tal-formazzjoni tal-ħżin stabbiliti taħt l-Artikolu 4 u l-Anness I;
|
|
(l) technologies that can provide a wide areal spread in order to capture information on any previously undetected potential leakage pathways across the areal dimensions of the complete storage complex and beyond, in the event of significant irregularities or migration of CO2 out of the storage complex.
|
(l) it-teknoloġiji li jistgħu jipprovdu firxa wiesgħa fil-wisa’ sabiex jinġabar it-tagħrif dwar kwalunkwe passaġġi ta’ tnixxija li ma jkunux ġew individwati qabel matul id-dimensjonijiet fil-wisa’ tal-kumpless tal-ħżin komplut u lil hinn, f’każ ta’ irregolaritajiet sinifikanti jew migrazzjoni tas-CO2 barra mill-kumpless tal-ħżin.
|
|
1.2. Updating the plan
|
1.2. L-aġġornament tal-pjan
|
|
The data collected from the monitoring shall be collated and interpreted. The observed results shall be compared with the behaviour predicted in dynamic simulation of the 3-D-pressure-volume and saturation behaviour undertaken in the context of the security characterisation pursuant to Article 4 and Annex I Step 3.
|
Id-data miġbura mill-monitoraġġ għandha tiġi mqabbla u tiġi interpretata. Ir-riżultati osservati għandhom jiġu mqabbla mal-komportament mbassar fis-simulazzjoni dinamika tal-komportament pressjoni/volum u saturazzjoni 3-D magħmula fil-kuntest tal-karatterizzazzjoni tas-sikurezza taħt l-Artikolu 4 u l-Anness I Parti 3.
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|
Where there is a significant deviation between the observed and the predicted behaviour, the 3-D model shall be recalibrated to reflect the observed behaviour. The recalibration shall be based on the data observations from the monitoring plan, and where necessary to provide confidence in the recalibration assumptions, additional data shall be obtained.
|
Fejn ikun hemm devjazzjoni sinifikanti bejn il-komportament osservat u dak imbassar, il-mudell 3-D għandu jiġi kalibrat mill-ġdid biex jirrifletti l-komportament osservat. Il-kalibrazzjoni mill-ġdid għandha tkun ibbażata fuq l-osservazzjonijiet tad-data mill-pjan ta’ monitoraġġ, u fejn ikun meħtieġ biex tippermetti fiduċja fl-assunzjonijiet tal-kalibrazzjoni mill-ġdid, għandha tinkiseb data addizzjonali.
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|
Steps 2 and 3 of Annex I shall be repeated using the recalibrated 3-D model(s) so as to generate new hazard scenarios and flux rates and to revise and update the risk assessment.
|
Parti 2 u 3 tal-Anness I għandhom jiġu ripetuti bl-użu tal-mudell(i) 3-D ikkalibrat(i) mill-ġdid sabiex jiġu ġġenerati xenarji tal-periklu u ta’ rati tal-fluss ġodda u biex tiġi riveduta u aġġornata l-istima tar-riskju.
|
|
Where new CO2 sources, pathways and flux rates or observed significant deviations from previous assessments are identified as a result of history matching and model recalibration, the monitoring plan shall be updated accordingly.
|
Fejn jiġu identifikati sorsi tas-CO2, passaġġi u rati tal-fluss ġodda jew jiġu identifikati devjazzjonijiet sinifikanti osservati minn stimi preċedenti bħala riżultat tat-tqabbil tal-istorja u l-kalibrazzjoni mill-ġdid tal-mudell, il-pjan ta’ monitoraġġ għandu jiġi aġġornat kif meħtieġ.
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2. Post-closure monitoring
|
2. Il-monitoraġġ ta’ wara l-għeluq
|
|
Post-closure monitoring shall be based on the information collected and modelled during the implementation of the monitoring plan referred to in Article 13(2) and above in point 1.2 of this Annex. It shall serve in particular to provide information required for the determination of Article 18(1).
|
Il-monitoraġġ ta’ wara l-għeluq għandu jkun ibbażat fuq it- tagħrif miġbur u mmudellat matul l-implimentazzjoni tal-pjan ta’ monitoraġġ imsemmi fl-Artikolu 13(2) u aktar ‘il fuq fil-punt 1.2 ta’ dan l-Anness. Għandu jservi b’mod partikolari biex jiġi pprovdut tagħrif meħtieġ għad-determinazzjoni tal-Artikolu 18(1).
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