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COUNCIL DIRECTIVE of 26 February 1973 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to the quantitative analysis of ternary fibre mixtures (73/44/EEC)
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Id-Direttiva tal-Kunsill
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THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES,
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tas-26 ta’ Frar 1973
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Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community, and in particular Article 100 thereof;
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dwar l-approssimazzjoni tal-liġijiet ta’ l-Istati Membri li għandhom x’jaqsmu ma’ analiżi kwantitattiva ta’ taħlitiet ta’ tlett fibri
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Having regard to the proposal from the Commission;
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(73/44/KEE)
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Whereas the Council Directive of 26 July 1971 (1) on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to textile names lays down provisions on labelling based on the fibre composition of textile products;
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IL-KUNSILL TAL-KOMUNITAJIET EWROPEJ
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Whereas the methods used for official tests in the Member States to determine the fibre composition of textile products should be uniform, as regards both the pre-treatment of the sample and the quantitative analysis of the product;
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Wara li kkunsidra t-Trattat li jistabbilixxi l-Komunità Ekonomika Ewropea, u b’mod partikolari l-Artikolu 100 tiegħu,
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Whereas Article 13 of the abovementioned Council Directive provides that the sampling and analytical methods to be used in all Member States for the purpose of determining the fibre composition of products will be specified in separate Directives ; whereas under these circumstances, the Council adopted in its Directive of 17 July 1972 (2) on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to certain methods for the quantitative analysis of binary fibre mixtures, provisions concerning the preparation of test samples and test specimens which are applicable to ternary fibre mixtures;
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Wara li kkunsidra l-proposta mill-Kummissjoni,
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Whereas the object of this Directive is to lay down provisions governing the quantitative analysis of ternary fibre mixtures;
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Billi d-Direttiva tal-Kunsill tas-26 ta’ Lulju 1971 [1] dwar l-approssimazzjoni tal-liġijiet ta’ l-Istati Membri li għandhom x’jaqsmu ma’ ismijiet tat-tessuti tistabbilixxi dispożizzjonijiet dwar ittikkettjar ibbażat fuq il-kompożizzjoni ta’ fibri ta’ prodotti tat-tessut;
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Whereas the particular methods relating to the analysis of certain binary mixtures are described in detail in the Directive of 17 July 1972 ; whereas present experience does not permit the specification of a single standard procedure as yet ; whereas several variants must be procedure for the selective dissolution of the components;
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Billi l-metodi wżati għal testijiet uffiċjali fl-Istati Membri sabiex jiddeterminaw il-kompożizzjoni tal-fibri tal-prodotti tat-tessut għandhom ikunu uniformi, fir-rigward kemm tat-trattament ta’ qabel tal-kampjun kif ukoll ta’ l-analiżi kwantitattiva tal-prodott;
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Whereas general rules valid for the analysis of all ternary mixtures must however be worked out ; whereas the object of these rules is to specify the various methods which could suitably be applied and the method of calculating the percentage composition for each variant;
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Billi l-Artikolu 13 tad-Direttiva tal-Kunsill hawn fuq imsemmija jipprovdi li l-metodi analitiċi u ta’ teħid ta’ kampjuni sabiex jintużaw fl-Istati Membri kollha bil-għan li tiġi ddeterminata l-kompożizzjoni tal-fibri tal-prodott għandhom ikunu speċifikati f’Direttivi separati, billi taħt dawn iċ-ċirkostanzi, il-Kunsill adotta fid-Direttivi tiegħu tas-17 ta’ Lulju 1972 [2] dwar l-approssimazzjoni tal-liġijiet ta’ l-Istati Membri li għandhom x’jaqsmu ma’ ċerti metodi għall-analiżi kwantitattiva ta’ taħlit ta’ żewġ fibri, dispożizzjonijiet dwar il-preparazzjonijiet tal-kampjuni tat-test u mudelli tat-test li huma applikabbli għat-taħlit ta’ tlett fibri;
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Whereas technical specifications must be adapted rapidly to keep pace with technical progress ; whereas to this end the procedure laid down in Article 6 of the Directive of 17 July 1972 should be applied; (1)OJ No L 185, 16.8.1971, p. 16. (2)OJ No L 173, 31.7.1972, p. 1.
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Billi l-għan ta’ din id-Direttiva huwa li jistabbilixxi dispożizzjonijiet li jirregolaw l-analiżi kwantitattiva ta’ taħlit ta’ tlett fibri;
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HAS ADOPTED THIS DIRECTIVE:
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Billi l-metodi partikolari li għandhom x’jaqsmu ma’ l-analiżi ta’ ċertu taħlit ta’ żewġ fibri huma deskritti fid-dettall fid-Direttiva tas-17 ta’ Lulju 1972; billi l-esperjenza preżenti ma tippermettix s’issa, l-ispeċifikazzjoni ta’ proċedura standard waħdanija; billi għandhom jiġu prodotti bosta varjanti għad-dissoluzzjoni selettiva tal-komponenti;
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Billi għandhom madanakollu jiġu stabbiliti regoli ġenerali validi għall-analiżi tat-taħlit kollu ta’ tlett fibri; billi l-għan ta’ dawn ir-regoli huwa sabiex jispeċifika l-metodi diversi li jistgħu jiġu applikati b’mod xieraq u l-metodu sabiex ikun ikkalkolat il-perċentwali tal-kompożizzjoni għal kull varjant,
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Article 1
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Billi għandhom jiġu addattati speċifikazzjonijiet tekniċi malajr sabiex jinżamm il-pass mal-progress tekniku; billi għal dan il-għan, għandha tiġi applikata l-proċedura stabbilita fl-Artikolu 6 tad-Direttiva tas-17 ta’ Lulju 1972;
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This Directive concerns the quantitative analysis of ternary fibre mixtures by the methods of manual separation, chemical separation or a combination of both.
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ADOTTA DIN ID-DIRETTIVA:
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Artikolu 1
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Article 2
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Din id-Direttiva hija dwar l-analiżi kwantitattiva tat-taħlit ta’ tlett fibri permezz tal-metodi ta’ separazzjoni bl-idejn, separazzjoni kimika jew kombinazzjoni tat-tnejn.
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With regard to the preparation of test samples and test specimens, the provisions contained in Annex I to the Council Directive of 17 July 1972 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to certain methods for the quantitative analysis of binary fibre mixures shall be applicable.
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Artikolu 2
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Fir-rigward tal-preparazzjoni tal-kampjuni tat-test u eżemplari tat-test, għandhom ikunu applikabbli d-dispożizzjonijiet li hemm fl-Anness I għad-Direttiva tal-Kunsill tas-17 ta’ Lulju 1972 dwar l-approssimazzjoni tal-liġijiet ta’ l-Istati Membri li għandhom x’jaqsmu ma’ ċerti metodi għall-analiżi kwantitattiva ta’ taħlit ta’ żewġ fibri.
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Article 3
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Artikolu 3
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The Member States shall take all necessary steps to ensure that the provisions laid down - both in Annex I to this Directive and in Annex I to the Directive referred to in Article 2 - be applied in official tests, to determine the composition of textile products composed of a ternary fibre mixture put on the market in accordance with the Council Directive of 26 July 1971 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to textile names.
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L-Istati Membri għandhom jieħdu l-passi kollha meħtieġa sabiex jiżguraw li d-dispożizzjonijiet stabbiliti - kemm fl-Anness I ta’ din id-Direttiva kif ukoll fl-Anness I tad-Direttiva msemmija fl-Artikolu 2 jiġu applikati f’testijiet uffiċjali, sabiex jiddeterminaw il-kompożizzjoni tal-prodotti tat-tessuti magħmulin minn taħlita ta’ tlett fibri mpoġġija fis-suq skond id-Direttiva tal-Kunsill tas-26 ta’ Lulju 1971 dwar l-approssimazzjoni tal-liġijiet ta’ l-Istati Membri li għandhom x’jaqsmu ma’ ismijiet tat-tessuti.
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Artikolu 4
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Article 4
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Il-laboratorji kollha responsabbli għall-ittestjar ta’ taħlit ta’ tlett fibri għandhom juru fir-rapport tat-test il-fatturi kollha msemmija f’punt V ta’ l-Anness I.
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Any laboratory responsible for the testing of ternary mixtures shall show in the test report all the factors mentioned in point V of Annex I.
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Artikolu 5
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Kwalunkwe emendi għall-ispeċifikazzjonijiet fl-Annessi I, II u III li huma meħtieġa sabiex jikkonformaw mal-progress tekniku għandhom jiġu adottati skond il-proċedura stabbilita fl-Artikolu 6 tad-Direttiva tas-17 ta’ Lulju 1972.
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Article 5
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Artikolu 6
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Any amendments to the specifications in Annexes I, II and III that are necessary to conform with technical progress shall be adopted in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 6 of the Directive of 17 July 1972.
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1. L-Istati Membri għandhom idaħħlu fis-seħħ id-dispożizzjonijiet meħtieġa sabiex jikkonformaw ma’ din id-Direttiva fi żmien tmintax-il xahar min-notifika tagħha u għandhom jgħarrfu minnufih lill-Kummissjoni.
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2. L-Istati Membri għandhom jiżguraw illi t-test tad-dispożizzjonijiet prinċipali tal-liġi interna adottata minnhom fil-qasam irregolat minn din id-Direttiva jiġu kkomunikati lill-Kummissjoni.
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Article 6
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Artikolu 7
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1. Member States shall put into force the provisions necessary to comply with this Directive within a period of eighteen months of its notification and shall immediately inform the Commission thereof.
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Din id-Direttiva hija indirizzata lill-Istati Membri.
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2. Member States shall ensure that the text of the main provisions of internal law adopted by them in the field governed by this Directive are communicated to the Commission.
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Magħmula fi Brussel, fis-26 ta’ Frar 1973.
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Article 7
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Għall-Kunsill
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This Directive is addressed to the Member States.
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Il-President
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E. Glinne
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[1] ĠU L 185, 16.8.1971, p. 16
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Done at Brussels, 26 February 1973.
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[2] ĠU L 173, 31.7.1972, p. 1.
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For the Council
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The President
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ANNESS I
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E. GLINNE
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ANALIŻI KWANTITATTIVA TA’ TAĦLIT TA’ TLETT FIBRI
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ĠENERALI
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Introduzzjoni
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Metodi għall-analiżi kwantitattiva ta’ taħlit ta’ fibri huma bbażati fuq żewġ proċessi, is-separazzjoni manwali u s-separazzjoni kimika ta’ tipi ta’ fibri.
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ANNEX I QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF TERNARY FIBRE MIXTURES GENERAL
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Il-metodu ta’ separazzjoni manwali għandu jiġi wżat kull meta jkun possibbli għaliex ġeneralment jagħti aktar riżultati eżatti mill-metodu kimiku. Jista’ jintuża għat-tessuti kollha li l-fibri tal-komponenti tagħhom ma jiffurmawx taħlita intima, bħal ngħidu aħna fil-każ ta’ ħjut komposti minn elementi diversi li kull wieħed minnhom huwa magħmul minn tip ta’ fibra waħda jew drappijiet li l-medd tagħhom huwa magħmul minn fibra ta’ tip differenti mit-tgħama; jew drappijiet innittjati li kapaċi jiġu maħlula magħmulin minn ħjut ta’ tipi differenti.
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Introduction
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B’mod ġenerali, il-metodi ta’ analiżi kimika kwantitattiva huma bbażati fuq is-soluzzjoni selettiva tal-komponenti indvidwali. Hemm erba’ varjanti possibbli ta’ dan il-metodu:
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Methods for the quantitative analysis of fibre mixtures are based on two processes, the manual separation and the chemical separation of fibre types.
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1. Bl-użu ta’ żewġ eżemplari tat-test differenti, komponent (a) jiġi maħlul mill-ewwel eżemplari tat-test, u komponent ieħor (b) mit-tieni eżemplari tat-test. Il-fdal li ma jinħallx ta’ kull eżemplari jintiżen u l-perċentwali ta’ kull wieħed miż-żewġ komponenti li jinħallu jiġi kkalkulat mit-telf fil-piż rispettiv. Il-perċentwali tat-tielet komponent (ċ) jiġi kkalkulat permezz tad-differenza.
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The method of manual separation should be used whenever possible since it generally gives more accurate results than the chemical method. It can be used for all textiles whose component fibres do not form an intimate mixture, as for example in the case of yarns composed of several elements each of which is made up of only one type of fibre or fabrics in which the warp is of a different type of fibre from the weft ; or knitted fabrics capable of being unravelled made up of yarns of different types.
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2. L-użu ta’ żewġ eżemplari tat-test differenti, komponent (a) jiġi maħlul mill-ewwel eżemplari tat-test, u żewġ komponenti (a u b) mit-tieni eżemplari tat-test. Il-fdal li ma jinħallx ta’ l-ewwel eżemplari tat-test jintiżen u l-perċentwali tal-komponent (a) jiġi kkalkolat mit-telf fil-piż. Il-fdal li ma jinħallx tat-tieni eżemplari tat-test jintiżen; dan ikun jikkorrispondi għal komponent (ċ). Il-perċentwali tat-tielet komponent (b) jiġi kkalkolat permezz tad-differenza.
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In general, the methods of quantitative chemical analysis are based on the selective solution of the individual components. There are four possible variants of this method: 1. Using two different test specimens, a component (a) is dissolved from the first test specimen, and another component (b) from the second test specimen. The insoluble residues of each specimen are weighed and the percentage of each of the two soluble components is calculated from the respective losses in mass. The percentage of the third component (c) is calculated by difference.
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3. L-użu ta’ żewġ eżemplari tat-test differenti, żewġ komponenti (a u b) jiġu mdewwba mill-ewwel eżemplari tat-test, u żewġ komponenti (b u ċ) mit-tieni eżemplari tat-test. Il-fdalijiet li ma jinħallux jikkorrispondu għal żewġ komponenti (ċ) u (a) rispettivament. Il-perċentwali tat-tielet komponent (b) jiġi kkalkolat permezz tad-differenza.
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2. Using two different test specimens, a component (a) is dissolved from the first test specimen and two components (a and b) from the second test specimen. The insoluble residue of the first test specimen is weighed and the percentage of the component (a) is calculated from the loss in mass. The insoluble residue of the second test specimen is weighed ; it corresponds to component (c). The percentage of the third component (b) is calculated by difference.
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4. L-użu ta’ eżemplari ta’ test wieħed, wara t-tneħħija ta’ wieħed mill-komponenti, il-fdal li ma jinħallx iffurmat miż-żewġ fibri l-oħra jintiżen u l-perċentwali tal-komponent li jinħall jiġi kkalkolat mit-telf fil-piż. Waħda miż-żewġ fibri tal-fdal tiġi mdewba, il-komponent li ma jinħallx jintiżen u l-perċentwali tat-tieni komponent li jinħall jiġi kkalkolat mit-telf fil-piż.
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3. Using two different test specimens, two components (a and b) are dissolved from the first test specimen and two components (b and c) from the second test specimen. The insoluble residues correspond to the two components (c) and (a) respectively. The percentage of the third component (b) is calculated by difference.
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Fejn tista ssir għażla, huwa tal-parir li jintuża wieħed mill-ewwel tliet varjanti.
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4. Using only one test specimen, after removal of one of the components, the insoluble residue formed by the two other fibres is weighed and the percentage of the soluble component is calculated from the loss in mass. One of the two fibres of the residue is dissolved, the insoluble component is weighed and the percentage of the second soluble component is calculated from the loss in mass.
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Fejn tintuża analiżi kimika, l-espert responsabbli għall-analiżi għandu jieħu ħsieb li jagħżel metodi li jużaw solventi li jdewbu biss il-fibra(i) korretta(i), filwaqt li jħalli l-fibra(i) l-oħra intatta(i).
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Permezz ta’ eżempju, hemm tabella mogħtija fl-Anness III li fiha ċertu numru ta’ taħlit ta’ tlett fibri, flimkien ma’ metodi għall-analiżi ta’ taħlit ta’ żewġ fibri li jistgħu, fil-prinċipju, jintużaw għall-analiżi ta’ dan it-taħlit bi tliet fibri.
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Sabiex il-possibilità ta’ żball titnaqqas għal minimu, huwa rrakkomandat li, kull meta jkun possibbli, għandha ssir analiżi kimika bl-użu ta’ għallinqas tnejn mill-erba’ varjanti hawn fuq imsemmija.
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Where a choice is possible, it is advisable to use one of the first three variants.
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Taħlitiet ta’ fibri wżati matul l-ipproċessar u, sa livell anqas, f’tessuti lesti jista’ jkollhom materja mhux fibruża, bħal xaħmijiet, xama’ jew kisi, jew materja li tinħall fl-ilma, jew li sseħħ b’mod naturali jew miżjuda sabiex tiffaċilita l-ipproċessar. Qabel l-analiżi għandha titneħħa kull materja mhux fibruża. Għal din ir-raġuni huwa mogħti wkoll metodu ta’ trattament minn qabel għat-tneħħija taż-żjut, xaħmijiet u materja li tinħall fl-ilma.
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Where chemical analysis is used, the expert responsible for the analysis must take care to select methods employing solvents which dissolve only the correct fibre(s), leaving the other fibre(s) intact.
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Barra minn hekk, it-tessuti jista’ jkollhom raża jew materja oħra miżjuda sabiex tagħti karatteristiċi speċjali. Materja bħal din, li tinkludi aġenti li jagħtu kulur f’każijiet eċċezzjonali, tista’ tinterferixxi ma’ l-azzjoni tar-reaġent fuq il-komponenti li jinħallu u/jew tista’ titneħħa parzjalment jew għal kollox bir-reaġenti. Din it-tip ta’ materja miżjuda tista’ għalhekk tikkawża żbalji u għandha titneħħa qabel ma l-kampjun jiġi analizzat. Jekk ma jkunx possibbli li l-materja miżjuda bħal din titneħħa, il-metodi għall-analiżi kimika kwantitattiva mogħtija fl-Anness III mehmuż ma jkunux aktar applikabbli.
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By way of example, a table is given in Annex III which contains a certain number of ternary mixtures, together with methods for analysing binary mixtures which can, in principle, be used for analysing these ternary mixtures.
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Iż-żebgħa fil-fibri mogħtija kulur titqies bħala parti integrali tal-fibra u ma titneħħiex.
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In order to reduce the possibility of error to a minimum, it is recommended that, whenever possible, chemical analysis using at least two of the four abovementioned variants should be made.
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Isiru analiżi fuq il-bażi tal-piż xott u tingħata proċedura sabiex jiġi stabbilit il-piż xott
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Mixtures of fibres used during processing and, to a lesser extent, in finished textiles may contain non-fibrous matter, such as fats, waxes or dressings, or water-soluble matter, either occurring naturally or added to facilitate processing. Non-fibrous matter must be removed before analysis. For this reason a method of pre-treatment for removing oils, fats, waxes and water-soluble matter is also given.
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Ir-riżultat jinkiseb bl-applikazzjoni tal-piż xott ta’ kull fibra li r-rati ta’ rkupru tagħhom huma elenkati fl-Anness II għad-Direttiva dwar l-approssimazzjoni tal-liġijiet ta’ l-Istati Membri li għandhom x’jaqsmu ma’ ismijiet tat-tessuti.
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In addition, textiles may contain resins or other matter added to confer special properties. Such matter, including dyestuffs in exceptional cases, may interfere with the action of the reagent on the soluble components and/or it may be partially or completely removed by the reagents. This type of added matter may thus cause errors and should be removed before the sample is analysed. If it is impossible to remove such added matter the methods for quantitative chemical analysis given in Annex III attached are no longer applicable.
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Qabel tgħaddi għal analiżi oħra, l-fibri kollha preżenti fit-taħlita għandhom jiġu identifikati. F’xi metodi kimiċi, il-komponenti li ma jdubux ta’ taħlita jistgħu jiġu mdewbin parzjalment fir-reaġent użat sabiex idewweb il-komponent(i) li jinħall(u). Kull fejn ikun possibbli, intgħażlu reaġenti li għandhom ftit jew l-ebda effett fuq il-fibri li ma jinħallux. Jekk ikun magħruf li kien hemm xi telf fil-piż waqt l-analiżi, ir-riżultat għandu jiġi korrett; għal dan il-għan, huma mogħtija fatturi ta’ korrezzjoni. Dawn il-fatturi ġew determinati f’diversi laboratorji permezz ta’ trattament, mar-reaġent proprju kif speċifikat fil-metodu ta’ l-analiżi, fibri imnaddfa bit-trattament minn qabel. Dawn il-fatturi ta’ korrezzjoni japplikaw biss għall-fibri ggradati anqas u jistgħu jkunu meħtieġa fatturi ta’ korrezzjoni differenti jekk il-fibri kienu ġew iddegradati qabel jew waqt l-ipproċessar. Jekk għandu jintuża r-raba’ varjant, li fih il-fibra tat-tessut tkun soġġetta għall-azzjoni suċċessiva ta’ żewġ solventi differenti, għandhom jiġu applikati fatturi ta’ korrezzjoni għal telf possibbli fil-piż li fibra tkun għaddiet minnhom fiż-żewġ trattamenti. Għallanqas għandhom isiru żewġ determinazzjonijiet, kemm fil-każ ta’ separazzjoni manwali kif ukoll fil-każ ta’ separazzjoni kimika.
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Dye in dyed fibres is considered to be an integral part of the fibre and is not removed.
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I. INFORMAZZJONI ĠENERALI DWAR METODI GĦALL-ANALIŻI KIMIKA KWANTITATTIVA TA’ TAĦLIT TA’ TLETT FIBRI
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Analyses are conducted on the basis of dry mass and a procedure is given for determining dry mass.
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Informazzjoni komuni għall-metodi mogħtija għall-analiżi kimika kwantitattiva ta’ taħlit ta’ tlett fibri.
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The result is obtained by applying to the dry mass of each fibre the recovery rates listed in Annex II to the Directive on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to textile names.
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I.1. Skop u qasam ta’ applikazzjoni
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Before proceeding with any analysis, all the fibres present in the mixture must be identified. In some chemical methods, the insoluble component of a mixture may be partially dissolved in the reagent used to dissolve the soluble component(s). Wherever possible, reagents have been chosen that have little or no effect on the insoluble fibres. If a loss in mass is known to occur during the analysis, the result should be corrected ; correction factors are given for this purpose. These factors have been determined in several laboratories by treating, with the appropriate reagent as specified in the method of analysis, fibres cleaned by the pre-treatment. These correction factors apply only to undergraded fibres and different correction factors may be necessary if the fibres have been degraded before or during processing. If the fourth variant, in which a textile fibre is subjected to the successive action of two different solvents, must be used, correction factors must be applied for possible losses in mass undergone by the fibre in the two treatments. At least two determinations should be made, both in the case of manual separation and in the case of chemical separation.
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Il-qasam ta’ applikazzjoni ta’ kull metodu għall-analizzar ta’ taħlit b’żewġ fibri jispeċifika għal liema fibri huwa applikabbli l-metodu. (Ara l-Anness II, id-Direttiva li għandha x’taqsam ma’ ċerti metodi għall-analiżi kwantitattiva ta’ taħlit ta’ żewġ fibri).
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I. GENERAL INFORMATION ON METHODS FOR THE QUANTITATIVE CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF TERNARY FIBRE MIXTURES
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I.2. Prinċipju
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Information common to the methods given for the quantitative chemical analysis of ternary fibre mixtures. I.1. Scope and field of application
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Wara l-identifikazzjoni tal-komponenti ta’ taħlita, il-materjal mhux fibruż jitneħħa permezz ta’ trattament minn qabel addattat, u wara, jiġi applikat wieħed jew aktar mill-erba’ varjanti tal-proċess ta’ soluzzjoni selettiva deskritt fl-introduzzjoni. Għajr fejn dan joħloq diffikultajiet tekniċi, huwa preferibbli li l-komponent maġġuri tal-fibra jiġi mdewweb sabiex jiġi miksub il-komponent minuri tal-fibra bħala fdal finali.
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The field of application of each method for analysing binary fibre mixtures specifies to which fibres the method is applicable. (See Annex II, Directive relating to certain methods for the quantitative analysis of binary fibre mixtures).
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I.3. Apparat u Reaġenti
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I.2. Principle
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I.3.1. Apparat
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After the identification of the components of a mixture, the non-fibrous material is removed by suitable pre-treatment and then one or more of the four variants of the process of selective solution described in the introduction is applied. Except where this presents technical difficulties, it is preferable to dissolve the major fibre component so as to obtain the minor fibre component as final residue.
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I.3.1.1. Griġjoli filtru u fliexken tal-kejl kbar biżżejjed sabiex iżommu griġjoli bħal dawn, jew xi apparat ieħor li jagħti riżultati identiċi.
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I.3. Apparatus and Reagents I.3.1. Apparatus I.3.1.1. Filter crucibles and weighing bottles large enough to contain such crucibles, or any other apparatus giving identical results.
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I.3.1.2. Termos.
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I.3.1.2. Vacuum flask.
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I.3.1.3. Dessikatur li jkun fih is-silica gel li jindika minnu nnifsu.
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I.3.1.3. Desiccator containing self-indicating silica gel.
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I.3.1.4. Forn ventilat għat-tnixxif ta’ l-eżemplari b’105 ± 3 °C.
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I.3.1.4. Ventilated oven for drying specimens at 105 ± 3 ºC.
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I.3.1.5. Bilanċ analitiku, preċiżjoni sa 0.0002g.
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I.3.1.5. Analytical balance, accurate to 0.0002 g.
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I.3.1.6. Soxhlet extractor jew apparat ieħor li jagħti riżultati identiċi.
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I.3.1.6. Soxhlet extractor or other apparatus giving identical results.
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I.3.2. Reaġenti
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I.3.2.1. Petroleum ħafif, distillat mill-ġdid, medda ta’ togħlija 40 sa 60 °C.
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I.3.2.2. Reaġenti oħra huma speċifikati fil-partijiet xierqa tat-test tal-metodu. Ir-reaġenti kollha wżati għandhom ikunu kimikament puri.
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I.3.2. Reagents I.3.2.1. Light petroleum, redistilled, boiling range 40 to 60 ºC.
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I.3.2.3. Ilma ddistillat u dejonizzat.
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I.3.2.2. Other reagents are specified in the appropriate parts of the text of the method. All reagents used should be chemically pure.
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I.4. L-atmosfera tal-kondizzjonament u l-ittestjar
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I.3.2.3. Distilled or deionized water.
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Minħabba li jiġu stabbiliti il-piżijiet xotti, ma hemmx bżonn li l-eżemplari jiġu kkondizzjonati jew li ssir analiżi f’atmosfera kkondizzjonata.
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I.5. Kampjun tat-test tal-laboratorju
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Ħu kampjun tat-test tal-laboratorju li huwa rappreżentattiv tal-biċċa l-kbira tal-kampjun tal-laboratorju u suffiċjenti sabiex jipprovdi l-eżemplari kollha, kull wieħed ta’ għallinqas 1g, li huma meħtieġa.
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I.6. Trattament minn qabel tal-kampjun tat-test tal-laboratorju
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Fejn tkun preżenti sostanza li ma għandhiex titqies fil-kalkolazzjonijiet perċentwali (ara l-Artikolu 12(2)(d) tad-Direttiva dwar l-ismijiet tat-tessuti), din għandha l-ewwel titneħħa permezz ta’ metodu xieraq li ma jaffettwa ebda fibri tal-komponenti.
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I.4. Conditioning and testing atmosphere
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Għal dan il-għan, materja mhux fibruża li tista’ tiġi estratta b’petroleum ħafif u bl-ilma titneħħa bit-trattament tal-kampjun tat-test (xott mill-arja) f’selezzjonatur ta’ l-estratt Soxhlet b’petroleum ħafif għal siegħa b’rata minima ta’ 6 ċikli fis-siegħa. Ħalli l-petroleum ħafif jevapora mill-kampjun li imbagħad jiġi estratt direttament bl-ilma billi tgħaddsu għal siegħa f’temperatura tal-kamra segwit b’tgħaddis f’65 ± 5 °C għal siegħa oħra, tqanqal il-likwidu minn ħin għall-ieħor, proporzjon ta’ kampjun/ilma 1: 100. Neħħi l-ilma żejjed mill-kampjun permezz ta’ l-għasir, ġbid, jew ċentrifugar u mbagħad ħalli l-kampjun jinxef bl-arja.
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Because dry masses are determined, it is unnecessary to condition the specimens or to conduct analyses in a conditioned atmosphere.
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Fejn materja mhux fibruża ma tistax tiġi estratta bil-petroleum ħafif u bl-ilma, din għandha titneħħa billi tissostitwixxi għall-metodu ta’ l-ilma deskritt hawn fuq, metodu xieraq li ma jbiddilx sostanzjalment kwalunkwe komponenti tal-fibra. Madanakollu għal xi wħud mill-fibri tal-ħaxix naturali mhux ibbliċjati (eż: ġuta u kajjar) għandu jiġi nnotat li trattament minn qabel normali bil-petroleum ħafif u bl-ilma ma jneħħix is-sostanzi naturali mhux fibrużi, madanakollu ma jiġix applikat trattament minn qabel addizzjonali sakemm il-kampjun ikun fih sostanzi lesti li ma jinħallux kemm fil-petroleum ħafif kif ukoll fl-ilma.
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I.5. Laboratory test sample
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Ir-rapporti analitiċi għandhom jinkludu d-dettalji sħaħ tal-metodi ta’ trattament minn qabel wżati.
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Take a laboratory test sample that is representative of the laboratory bulk sample and sufficient to provide all the specimens, each of at least 1 g, that are required.
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I.7. Proċedura tat-test
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I.6. Pre-treatment of the laboratory test sample
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I.7.1. Struzzjonijiet ġenerali
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Where a substance not to be taken into account in the percentage calculations (See Article 12 (2) (d) of the Directive relating to textile names) is present, it should first be removed by a suitable method that does not affect any of the component fibres.
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I.7.1.1. Tnixxif
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For this purpose, non-fibrous matter which can be extracted with light petroleum and water is removed by treating the air-dry test sample in a Soxhlet extract selector with light petroleum for one hour at a minimum rate of 6 cycles per hour. Allow the light petroleum to evaporate from the sample which is then directly extracted with water by soaking for one hour at room temperature followed by soaking at 65 ± 5 ºC for a further one hour, agitating the liquid from time to time, specimen/water ratio 1 : 100. Remove the excess water from the sample by squeezing, suction, or centrifuging and then allow the sample to become air-dry.
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Mexxi l-operazzjonijiet kollha tat-tnixxif għal mhux anqas minn 4 siegħat u mhux aktar minn 16-il siegħa f’105 ± 3ºC f’forn ventilat bil-bieba tal-forn magħluqa minn kullimkien. Jekk il-perjodu ta’ tnixxif ikun inqas minn 14-il siegħa, il-kampjun għandu jkollu l-piż ikkontrollat sabiex jiġi determinat jekk it-toqol tiegħu huwiex kostanti. It-toqol jista’ jiġi kkunsidrat kostanti jekk, wara perjodu ieħor ta’ tnixxif għal 60 minuta, il-varjazzjoni tiegħu tkun anqas minn 0.05 %.
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Where non-fibrous matter cannot be extracted with light petroleum and water, it should be removed by substituting for the water method described above a suitable method that does not substantially alter any of the fibre constituents. However for some unbleached natural vegetable fibres (eg jute, coir) it is to be noted that normal pre-treatment with light petroleum and water does not remove all the natural non-fibrous substances ; nevertheless additional pre-treatment is not applied unless the sample contains finishes insoluble in both light petroleum and water.
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Evita li ġġorr griġjoli u fliexken tal-kejl, kampjuni jew fdalijiet b’idejn mikxufa waqt l-operazzjonijiet ta’ tnixxif, tibrid u użin.
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Analytical reports should include full details of the methods of pre-treatment used.
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Kampjuni xotti fi flixkun ta’ l-użin bil-għata tiegħu maġenbu. Wara t-tnixxif, agħlaq il-flixkun tal-kejl qabel ma tneħħih mill-forn, u ttrasferih malajr għad-dessikatur.
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I.7. Test procedure I.7.1. General instructions I.7.1.1. Drying
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Nixxef il-griġjol tal-filtru fi flixkun tal-kejl bil-għata tiegħu maġenbu fil-forn. Wara t-tnixxif, agħlaq il-flixkun tal-kejl u ttrasferixxih malajr fid-dessikatur.
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Conduct all drying operations for not less than 4 hours and not more than 16 hours at 105 ± 3 ºC in a ventilated oven with the oven door closed throughout. If the drying period is less than 14 hours, the specimen must be checkweighed to determine whether its mass is constant. The mass may be considered as constant if, after a further drying period of 60 minutes, its variation is less than 0.05 %.
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Fejn jiġi wżat apparat ieħor għajr griġjol tal-filtru, għandhom isiru operazzjonijiet ta’ tnixxif fil-forn sabiex jiddeterminaw il-piż xott tal-fibri mingħajr telf.
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Avoid handling crucibles and weighing bottles, specimens or residues with bare hands during the drying, cooling and weighing operations.
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I.7.1.2. Tibrid
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Dry specimens in a weighing bottle with its cover beside it. After drying, stopper the weighing bottle before removing it from the oven, and transfer it quickly to the desiccator.
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Mexxi l-operazzjonijiet kollha tat-tibrid f’dessikatur, imqiegħed maġenb il-miżien, sakemm ikun intemm it-tibrid tal-fliexken tal-kejl, u f’kull każ għal mhux anqas minn sagħtejn.
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Dry the filter crucible in a weighing bottle with its cover beside it in the oven. After drying, close the weighing bottle and transfer it quickly to the desiccator.
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I.7.1.3. L-użin
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Where apparatus other than a filter crucible is used, drying operations should be conducted in the oven so as to determine the dry mass of the fibres without loss.
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Wara t-tibrid, temm l-użin tal-flixkun tal-kejl f’żewġ minuti mit-tneħħija tiegħu mid-dessikatur, iżen bi preċiżjoni ta’ 0.0002 g.
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I.7.1.2. Cooling
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I.7.2. Proċedura
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Conduct all cooling operations in the desiccator, placed beside the balance, until the cooling of the weighing bottles is complete, and in any case for not less than 2 hours.
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Ħu kampjun tat-test mill-kampjun tat-test tal-laboratorju ttrattat minn qabel ta’ mill-inqas 1 g (fil-piż). Aqta’ ħajta jew biċċa f’tulijiet ta’ madwar 10 mm, mifrudin kemm jista’ jkun possibbli. Nixxef l-eżemplari fi flixkun/fliexken ta’ l-użin berrdu/berridhom f’dessikatur u iżnu/iżinhom. Ittrasferixxi l-kampjun(i) għar-reċipjent tal-ħġieġ speċifikat fit-taqsima xierqa tal-metodu tal-Komunità, iżen mill-ġdid il-flixkun/fliexken ta’ l-użin immedjatament u kkalkula t-toqol niexef tal-kampjun permezz tad-differenza; wettaq it-test kif speċifikat fit-taqsima x-xierqa tal-metodu applikabbli. Eżamina l-fdal(ijiet) mikroskopikament sabiex tikkontrolla li fil-fatt, it-trattament neħħa għal kollox il-fibra(i) li tinħall(jinħallu).
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I.7.1.3. Weighing
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I.8. Kalkolazzjoni u espressjoni tar-riżultati
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After cooling, complete the weighing of the weighing bottle within 2 minutes of its removal from the desiccator ; weigh to an accuracy of 0.0002 g.
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Esprimi l-piż ta’ kull komponent bħala perċentwali tat-total tal-piż tal-fibra fit-taħlita. Ikkalkula r-riżultati fuq il-bażi tal-piż xott medju, aġġustat permezz (a) tar-rati ta’ rkupru konvenzjonali u (b) l-fatturi ta’ korrezzjoni meħtieġa biex jitqies it-telf ta’ materja mhux fibruża matul it-trattament minn qabel u l-analiżi.
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I.8.1. Kalkolazzjoni tal-perċentwali tal-piż tal-fibri xotti u nodfa mingħajr ma tagħti kas tat-telf tal-piż tal-fibra matul it-trattament minn qabel.
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I.8.1.1. -VARJANT 1-
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I.7.2. Procedure
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Formoli li għandhom jiġu applikati fejn komponent tat-taħlita jitneħħa minn kampjun wieħed u jitneħħa komponent ieħor minn tieni kampjun:
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Take from the pre-treated laboratory test sample a test specimen of at least 1 g (in mass). Cut yarn or cloth into lengths of about 10 mm, dissected as much as possible. Dry the specimen(s) in (a) weighing bottle(s) cool it (them) in the desiccator and weigh it (them). Transfer the specimen(s) to the glass vessel(s) specified in the appropriate section of the Community method, reweigh the weighing bottle(s) immediately and obtain the dry mass(es) of the specimen(s) by difference ; complete the test as specified in the appropriate section of the applicable method. Examine the residue(s) microscopically to check that the treatment has in fact completely removed the soluble fibre(s).
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P
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% =
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d
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I.8. Calculation and expression of results Express the mass of each component as a percentage of the total mass of fibre in the mixture. Calculate the results on the basis of dean dry mass, adjusted by (a) the conventional recovery rates and (b) the correction factors necessary to take account of loss of non-fibrous matter during pre-treatment and analysis. I.8.1. Calculation of percentages of mass of clean dry fibres disregarding loss of fibre mass during pre-treatment. I.8.1.1. - VARIANT 1 -
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d
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Formulae to be applied where a component of the mixture is removed from one specimen and another component from a second specimen: >PIC FILE= "T0005996">
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d
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I.8.1.2. - VARIANT 2 -
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r
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Formulae to be applied where a component (a) is removed from the first test specimen, leaving as residue the other two components (b + c), and two components (a + b) are removed from the second test specimen, leaving as residue the third component (c):
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m
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>PIC FILE= "T0005997">
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r
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m
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>PIC FILE= "T9000533">
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1 -
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I.8.1.3. - VARIANT 3 -
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d
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Formulae to be applied where two components (a + b) are removed from a specimen, leaving as residue the third component (c), then two components (b + c) are removed from another specimen, leaving as residue the first component (a): >PIC FILE= "T0005998">
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d
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>PIC FILE= "T9000534">
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× 100
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I.8.1.4. - VARIANT 4 -
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P
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Formulae to be applied where two components are successively removed from the mixture using the same specimen:
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% =
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>PIC FILE= "T0005999">
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d
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d
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d
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I.8.2. Calculation of the percentage of each component with adjustment by conventional recovery rates and, where appropriate, correction factors for losses in mass during pre-treatment operations:
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r
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>PIC FILE= "T0006000">
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m
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r
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>PIC FILE= "T9000535">
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m
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Where a special pre-treatment is used the values b1, b2 and b3 should be determined, if possible, by submitting each of the pure fibre constituents to the pre-treatment applied in the analysis. Pure fibres are those free from all non-fibrous material except those which they normally contain (either naturally or because of the manufacturing process), in the state (unbleached, bleached) in which they are found in the material to be analysed.
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1 -
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Where no clean separate constituent fibres used in the manufacture of the material to be analysed are available, average values of b1, b2 and b3 as obtained from tests performed on clean fibres similar to those in the mixture under examination, must be used.
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d
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If normal pre-treatment by extraction with light petroleum and water is applied, correction factors b1, b2 and b3 may generally be ignored, except in the case of unbleached cotton, unbleached flax and unbleached hemp where the loss due to pre-treatment is usually accepted as 4 % and in the case of polypropylene as 1 %.
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d
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In the case of other fibres, losses due to pre-treatment are usually disregarded in calculations.
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× 100
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I.8.3. Note
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P
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Calculation examples are given in Annex II to this Directive.
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% = 100 -
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P1% + P2%
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P1% hija l-percentwali ta’ l-ewwel komponent xott u nadif (komponent fl-ewwel kampjun mahlul fl-ewwel reagent);
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P2% hija l-percentwali tat-tieni komponent xott u nadif (komponent fit-tieni kampjun mahlul fit-tieni reagent);
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II. METHOD OF QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS BY MANUAL SEPARATION OF TERNARY FIBRE MIXTURES
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P3% hija l-percentwali tat-tielet komponent xott u nadif (komponent li mhuwiex mahlul fiż-żewg kampjuni);
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II.1. Scope
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m1 huwa l-piż xott ta’ l-ewwel kampjun wara t-trattament minn qabel;
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This method is applicable to textile fibres of all types provided they do not form an intimate mixture and that it is possible to separate them by hand.
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m2 huwa l-piż xott tat-tieni kampjun wara t-trattament minn qabel;
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II.2. Principle
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r1 huwa l-piż xott tal-fdal wara t-tnehhija ta’ l-ewwel komponent mill-ewwel kampjun fl-ewwel reagent;
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After identification of the textile components, the non-fibrous matter is removed by a suitable pre-treatment and then the fibres are separated by hand, dried and weighed in order to calculate the proportion of each fibre in the mixture.
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r2 huwa l-piż xott tal-fdal wara t-tnehhija tat-tieni komponent mit-tieni kampjun fit-tieni reagent;
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II.3. Apparatus II.3.1. Weighing bottles or other apparatus giving identical results.
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d1 huwa l-fattur ta’ korrezzjoni ghat-telf fil-piż fl-ewwel reagent, tat-tieni komponent li mhuwiex mahlul fl-ewwel kampjun [1];
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II.3.2. Desiccator containing self-indicating silica gel.
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d2 huwa l-fattur ta’ korrezzjoni ghat-telf fil-piż fl-ewwel reagent tat-tielet komponent li mhuwiex mahlul fl-ewwel kampjun [2];
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II.3.3. Ventilated oven for drying specimens at 105 ± 3 ºC.
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d3 huwa l-fattur ta’ korrezzjoni ghat-telf fil-piż fit-tieni reagent, ta’ l-ewwel komponent li mhuwiex mahlul fit-tieni kampjun [3];
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II.3.4. Analytical balance accurate to 0.0002 g.
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d4 huwa l-fattur ta’ korrezzjoni ghat-telf fil-piż fit-tieni reagent, tat-tielet komponent mhuwax mahlul fit-tieni kampjun [4].
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II.3.5. Soxhlet extractor, or other apparatus giving identical results.
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I.8.1.2. -VARJANT 2-
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II.3.6. Needle.
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Formola li għandha tiġi applikata fejn komponent (a) jitneħħa mill-ewwel kampjun tat-test, filwaqt li tħalli bħala fdal iż-żewġ komponenti l-oħra (b ċ ċ), u ż jitneħħew żewġ komponenti (a ċ b) mit-tieni kampjun tat-test, bit-tielet komponent (ċ) jitħalla bħala fdal:
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II.3.7. Twist tester or similar apparatus.
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P
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% = 100 -
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P2% + P3%
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II.4. Reagents II.4.1. Light petroleum, redistilled, boiling range 40º-60 ºC.
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P
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II.4.2. Distilled or deionized water.
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% = 100 ×
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d
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r
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II.5. Conditioning and testing atmosphere
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m
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See I.4.
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-
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II.6. Laboratory test sample
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d
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See I.5.
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d
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II.7. Pre-treatment of laboratory test samples
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× P
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See I.6.
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%
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II.8. Procedure II.8.1. Analysis of yarn
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P
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Take from the pre-treated laboratory test sample a specimen of mass not less than 1 g. For a very fine yarn, the analysis may be made on a minimum length of 30 m, whatever its mass.
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% =
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Cut the yarn into pieces of a suitable length and separate the fibre types by means of a needle and, if necessary, a twist tester. The fibre types so obtained are placed in pre-weighed weighing bottles and dried at 105 ± 3 ºC to constant mass, as described in I.7.1 and I.7.2.
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d
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II.8.2. Analysis of cloth
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r
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Take from the pre-treated laboratory test sample a specimen of mass not less than 1 g, not including a selvedge with edges carefully trimmed to avoid fraying and running parallel with weft or warp yarns, or in the case of knitted fabrics in the line of the wales and courses. Separate the different types of fibres and collect them in pre-weighed weighing bottles and proceed as described in II.8.1.
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m
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× 100
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P1 % hija l-percentwali ta’ l-ewwel komponent xott u nadif (komponent ta’ l-ewwel kampjun li jinhall fl-ewwelreagent);
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II.9. Calculation and expression of results
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P2 % hija l-perċentwali tat-tieni komponent niexef u nadif (komponent li jinħall, fl-istess ħin bħala l-ewwel komponent tat-tieni eżemplari, fit-tieni reaġent);
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Express the mass of each component fibre as a percentage of the total mass of the fibres in the mixture. Calculate the results on the basis of clean dry mass, adjusted by (a) the conventional recovery rates and (b) the correction factors necessary to take account of losses in mass during pre-treatment operations. II.9.1. Calculation of percentage masses of clean dry fibre, disregarding loss in fibre mass during pre-treatment: >PIC FILE= "T0006001">
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P3 % hija l-perċentwali tat-tielet komponent niexef u nadif (komponent li ma jinħallx fiż-żewġ eżemplari);
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II.9.2. For calculation of the percentage of each component with adjustment by conventional recovery rates and, where appropriate, by correction factors for losses in mass during pre-treatment : see I.8.2.
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m1 huwa l-piż xott ta’ l-ewwel eżemplari wara t-trattament minn qabel;
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m2 huwa l-piż xott tat-tieni eżemplari wara t-trattament minn qabel;
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r1 huwa l-piż xott tal-fdal wara t-tneħħija ta’ l-ewwel komponent mill-ewwel eżemplari fl-ewwel reaġent;
|
|
|
r2 huwa l-piż xott tal-fdal wara t-tneħħija ta’ l-ewwel u t-tieni komponenti mit-tieni kampjuni fit-tieni reaġent;
|
|
III. METHOD OF QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF TERNARY FIBRE MIXTURES BY A COMBINATION OF MANUAL SEPARATION AND CHEMICAL SEPARATION
|
d1 huwa l-fattur ta’ korrezzjoni għat-telf fil-piż fl-ewwel reaġent, tat-tieni komponent li mhuwiex maħlul fl-ewwel kampjun [5];
|
|
Wherever possible, manual separation should be used, taking account of the proportions of components separated before proceeding to any chemical treatment of each of the separate components.
|
d2 huwa l-fattur ta’ korrezzjoni għat-telf fil-piż fl-ewwel reaġent, tat-tielet komponent li mhuwiex maħlul fl-ewwel kampjun [6];
|
|
IV. PRECISION OF THE METHODS
|
d4 huwa l-fattur ta’ korrezzjoni għat-telf fil-piż fit-tieni reaġent, tat-tielet komponent li mhuwiex maħlul fit-tieni kampjun [7].
|
|
The precision indicated in each method of analysis of binary mixtures relates to the reproducibility (see Annex II of the Directive relating to certain methods for the quantitative analysis of binary textile fibre mixtures).
|
I.8.1.3. -VARJANT 3-
|
|
Reproducibility refers to the reliability, ie the closeness of agreement between experimental values obtained by operators in different laboratories or at different times using the same method and obtaining individual results on specimens of an identical homogeneous mixture.
|
Formoli li għandhom jiġu applikati fejn jitneħħew żewġ komponenti (a ċ b) minn kampjun, filwaqt li t-tielet komponent (ċ) jitħalla bħala fdal, imbagħad jitneħħew żewġ komponenti (b ċ ċ) minn kampjun ieħor, bl-ewwel komponent (a) jitħalla bħala fdal:
|
|
Reproducibility is expressed by confidence limits of the results for a confidence level of 95 %.
|
P
|
|
By this is meant that the difference between two results in a series of analyses made in different laboratories would, given a normal and correct application of the method to an identical and homogeneous mixture, be exceeded only in 5 cases out of 100.
|
% =
|
|
To determine the precision of the analysis of a ternary mixture the values indicated in the methods for the analysis of binary mixtures which have been used to analyse the ternary mixture are applied in the usual way.
|
d
|
|
Given that in the four variants of the quantitative chemical analysis of ternary mixtures, provision is made for two dissolutions (using two separate specimens for the first three variants and a single specimen for the fourth variant) and, assuming that E1 and E2 denote the precision of the two methods for analysing binary mixtures, the precision of the results for each component is shown in the following table: >PIC FILE= "T0006002">
|
r
|
|
If the fourth variant is used, the degree of precision may be found to be lower than that calculated by the method indicated above, owing to possible action of the first reagent on the residue consisting of components b and c, which would be difficult to evaluate.
|
m
|
|
V. TEST REPORT
|
× 100
|
|
V.1. Indicate the variant(s) used to carry out the analysis, the methods, reagents and correction factors.
|
P
|
|
V.2. Give details of any special pre-treatments (See I.6).
|
% = 100 -
|
|
V.3. Give the individual results and the arithmetic mean, each to the 1st decimal place.
|
P
|
|
V.4. Wherever possible, state the precision of the method for each component, calculated according to the table in section IV.
|
% + P
|
|
|
%
|
|
|
P
|
|
ANNEX II EXAMPLES OF THE CALCULATION OF PERCENTAGES OF THE COMPONENTS OF CERTAIN TERNARY MIXTURES USING SOME OF THE VARIANTS DESCRIBED IN POINT I.8.1 OF ANNEX I
|
% =
|
|
Consider the case of a fibre mixture which when qualitatively analysed gave the following components : 1. carded wool ; 2. nylon (polyamide) ; 3. unbleached cotton.
|
d
|
|
VARIANT No 1
|
r
|
|
Using this variant, that is using two different specimens and removing one component (a = wool) by dissolution from the first specimen and a second component (b = polyamide) from the second specimen the following results can be obtained:
|
m
|
|
>PIC FILE= "T9000536">
|
× 100
|
|
Treatment with alkaline sodium hypochlorite does not entail any loss in mass of polyamide, while unbleached cotton loses 3 %, therefore d1 = 1 70 and d2 = 1 703.
|
P1% hija l-percentwali ta’ l-ewwel komponent xott u nadif (komponent mahlul permezz tar-reagent);
|
|
Treatment with formic acid does not entail any loss in mass of wool or unbleached cotton, therefore d3 and d4 = 1 70.
|
P2% hija l-percentwali tat-tieni komponent xott u nadif (komponent mahlul permezz tar-reagent);
|
|
If the values obtained by chemical analysis and the correction factors are substituted in the formula under point I.8.1.1 of Annex I, the following result is obtained: >PIC FILE= "T0006003">
|
P3% hija l-percentwali tat-tielet komponent xott u nadif (komponent mahlul fit-tieni kampjun permezz tar-reagent);
|
|
The percentages of the various clean dry fibres in the mixture are as follows:
|
m1 huwa l-piż xott ta’ l-ewwel kampjun wara t-trattament minn qabel;
|
|
>PIC FILE= "T9000537">
|
m2 huwa l-piż xott tat-tieni kampjun wara t-trattament minn qabel;
|
|
These percentages must be corrected according to the formulae under point I.8.2 of Annex I in order to take account also of the conventional recovery rates and of the correction factors for any losses in mass after pre-treatment.
|
r1 huwa l-piż xott tal-fdal wara t-tnehhija ta’ l-ewwel u t-tieni komponenti mill-ewwel kampjun bl-ewwel reagent;
|
|
As indicated in Annex II to the Directive relating to textile names, the conventional recovery rates are as follows : carded wool 17.0 %, polyamide 6.25 %, cotton 8.5 %, also, unbleached cotton shows a loss in mass of 4 % after pre-treatment with light petroleum and water. Thus: >PIC FILE= "T0006004">
|
r2 huwa l-piż xott tal-fdal wara t-tnehhija tat-tieni u t-tielet komponenti mit-tieni kampjun mat-tieni reagent;
|
|
The composition of the yarn is therefore as follows: >PIC FILE= "T0006005">
|
d2 huwa l-fattur ta’ korrezzjoni ghat-telf fil-piż ma’ l-ewwel reagent tat-tielet komponent li mhuwiex mahlul fl-ewwel kampjun [8];
|
|
VARIANT 4
|
d3 huwa l-fattur ta’ korrezzjoni ghat-telf fil-piż mat-tieni reagent ta’ l-ewwel komponent li mhuwiex mahlul fit-tieni kampjun [9].
|
|
Consider the case of a fibre mixture which when qualitatively analysed gave the following components : carded wool, viscose, unbleached cotton.
|
I.8.1.4. -VARJANT 4-
|
|
Suppose that using variant 4, that is successively removing two components from the mixture of one single specimen, the following results are obtained:
|
Formola li għandha tiġi applikata fejn żewġ komponenti jitneħħew wara xulxin mit-taħlita bl-użu ta’ l-istess kampjun:
|
|
>PIC FILE= "T9000538">
|
P1% = 100 -
|
|
Treatment with alkaline sodium hypochlorite does not entail any loss of mass in viscose, while unbleached cotton loses 3 %, therefore d1 = 1 70 and d2 = 1 703.
|
P2% + P3%
|
|
As a result of treatment with zinc chloride/formic acid, the mass of cotton increases by 4 %, so that d3 = (1 703 × 0 796) = 0 79888 rounded to 0 799, (d3 being the correction factor for the respective loss or increase in mass of the third component in the first and second reagents).
|
P
|
|
If the values obtained by chemical analysis and the correction factors are substituted in the formulae given in point I.8.1.4 of Annex I the following result is obtained: >PIC FILE= "T0006006">
|
% =
|
|
As has already been indicated for variant 1, these percentages must be corrected by the formulae indicated in point I.8.2 of Annex I. >PIC FILE= "T0006007">
|
d
|
|
The composition of the mixture is therefore: >PIC FILE= "T0006008">
|
r
|
|
|
× 100 -
|
|
ANNEX III TABLE OF TYPICAL TERNARY MIXTURES WHICH MAY BE ANALYSED USING COMMUNITY METHODES OF ANALYSIS OF BINARY MIXTURES (for illustration purposes)
|
× P
|
|
>PIC FILE= "T0006009"> >PIC FILE= "T0006010">
|
%
|
|
>PIC FILE= "T0006011">
|
P
|
|
|
% =
|
|
|
d
|
|
|
r
|
|
|
× 100
|
|
|
P1% hija l-percentwali ta’ l-ewwel komponent xott u nadif;
|
|
|
P2 % hija l-percentwali tat-tieni komponent xott u nadif
|
|
|
P3 % hija l-percentwali tat-tielet komponent xott u nadif
|
|
|
m huwa l-piż xott għall-kampjun tat-trattament;
|
|
|
r1 huwa l-piż xott għall-fdalijiet wara l-eliminazzjoni ta’ l-ewwel komponent bl-ewwel reaġent;
|
|
|
r2 huwa l-piż xott għall-fdalijiet wara l-eliminazzjoni ta’ l-ewwel u t-tieni komponent bl-ewwel u t-tieni reaġent;
|
|
|
d1 huwa l-fattur għat-telf fil-piż tat-tieni komponent ta’ l-ewwel reaġent [10];
|
|
|
d2 huwa l-fattur għat-telf fil-piż tat-tielet komponent ta’ l-ewwel reaġent [11];
|
|
|
d3 huwa l-fattur għat-telf fil-piż tat-tielet komponent ta’ l-ewwel u t-tieni reaġent [12];
|
|
|
I.8.2. Kalkolazzjoni tal-persentaġġ ta’ kull komponent bl-aġġustamenti inklużi b’rati konvenzjonali u, fejn possibbli, tiswija tal-fatturi għat-telfien fil-piż matul l-operazzjoni ta’ qabel it-trattament.
|
|
|
Moghti li:
|
|
|
A = 1 +
|
|
|
a
|
|
|
+ b
|
|
|
B = 1 +
|
|
|
a
|
|
|
+ b
|
|
|
C = 1 +
|
|
|
a
|
|
|
+ b
|
|
|
3100
|
|
|
ghalhekk
|
|
|
P
|
|
|
% =
|
|
|
P
|
|
|
A
|
|
|
P
|
|
|
A + P
|
|
|
B + P
|
|
|
C
|
|
|
× 100
|
|
|
P
|
|
|
% =
|
|
|
P
|
|
|
B
|
|
|
P
|
|
|
A + P
|
|
|
B + P
|
|
|
C
|
|
|
x 100
|
|
|
P
|
|
|
% =
|
|
|
P
|
|
|
C
|
|
|
P
|
|
|
A + P
|
|
|
B + P
|
|
|
C
|
|
|
x 100
|
|
|
P1A% hija l-percentwali ta’ l-ewwel komponent xott u nadif, inkluż il-kontenut ta’ umdità u t-telf fil-piż matul it-trattament minn qabel;
|
|
|
P2A% hija l-percentwali tat-tieni komponent xott u nadif, inkluż il-kontenut ta’ umdità u t-telf fil-piż matul it-trattament minn qabel;
|
|
|
P3A% hija l-percentwali tat-tielet komponent xott u nadif, inkluż il-kontenut ta’ umdità u t-telf fil-piż matul it-trattament minn qabel;
|
|
|
P1 hija l-percentwali ta’ l-ewwel komponent xott u nadif, miksuba permezz ta’ wahda mill-formoli moghtija f’I.8.1;
|
|
|
P2 hija l-percentwali tat-tieni komponent xott u nadif, miksuba permezz ta’ wahda mill-formoli moghtija f’I.8.1;
|
|
|
P3 hija l-percentwali tat-tielet komponent xott u nadif, miksuba permezz ta’ wahda mill-formoli moghtija f’I.8.1;
|
|
|
a1 hija r-rata ta’ rkupru konvenzjonali ta’ l-ewwel komponent;
|
|
|
a2 hija r-rata ta’ rkupru konvenzjonali tat-tieni komponent;
|
|
|
a3 hija r-rata ta’ rkupru konvenzjonali tat-tielet komponent;
|
|
|
b1 hija l-percentwali ta’ telf fil-piż ta’ l-ewwel komponent matul it-trattament minn qabel;
|
|
|
b2 hija l-percentwali ta’ telf fil-piż tat-tieni komponent matul it-trattament minn qabel;
|
|
|
b3 hija l-percentwali ta’ telf fil-piż tat-tielet komponent matul it-trattament minn qabel;
|
|
|
Fejn jintuża trattament minn qabel speċjali, għandhom jiġu stabbiliti l-valuri b1, b2, u b3, jekk ikun possibbli, billi kull komponent tal-fibra pura jiġi sottomess għal trattament minn qabel applikat fl-analiżi. Fibri puri huma dawk ħielsa minn kull materjal mhux fibruż għajr dawk li normalment ikunu jinsabu fihom (jew b’mod naturali jew minħabba l-proċess tal-fabbrikazzjoni), fl-istat (mhux ibbliċjat, ibbliċjat) fil-materjal li għad irid jiġi analizzat.
|
|
|
Fejn fibri kostitwenti separati u mhux nodfa wżati fil-fabrikazzjoni tal-materjal li għandu jiġi analizzat mhumiex disponibbli, għandhom jintużaw il-valuri medji ta’ b1, b2, u b3 kif miksuba mit-testijiet imwettqa fuq fibri nodfa simili għal dawk fit-taħlita li tkun qegħda tiġi eżaminata.
|
|
|
Jekk jiġi applikat trattament minn qabel normali permezz ta’ estrazzjoni bl-applikazzjoni ta’ petroleum ħafif u ilma, il-fatturi ta’ korrezzjoni b1, b2 u b3 jistgħu ġeneralment ma jitqiesux, għajr fil-każ ta’ qoton mhux ibbliċjat, kittien mhux ibbliċjat u qanneb mhux ibbliċjat fejn it-telf minħabba trattament minn qabel ikun normalment aċċettat bħala 4 % u fil-każ tal-polypropylene bħala 1 %
|
|
|
Fil-każ ta’ fibri oħra, normalment, ma jingħatax kas tat-telf minħabba trattament minn qabel fil-kalkolazzjonijiet.
|
|
|
I.8.3. Nota
|
|
|
Eżempji ta’ kalkolazzjonijiet huma mogħtija fl-Anness II għal din id-Direttiva.
|
|
|
II. METODI TA’ ANALIŻI KWANTITATTIVA PERMEZZ TA’ SEPARAZZJONI MANWALI TA’ TAĦLITIET TA’ TLETT FIBRI
|
|
|
II.1. Skop
|
|
|
Dan il-metodu huwa applikabbli għall-fibri tat-tessut tat-tipi kollha sakemm dawn ma jiffurmawx taħlita intima u li jkun possibbli li dawn jiġu sseparati bl-idejn.
|
|
|
II.2. Prinċipju
|
|
|
Wara l-identifikazzjoni tal-komponenti tat-tessut, il-materja mhux fibruża titneħħa permezz ta’ trattament minn qabel xieraq u wara, il-fibri jiġu sseparati bl-idejn, imnixxfa u jintiżnu sabiex jiġi kkalkolat il-proporzjon ta’ kull fibra fit-taħlita.
|
|
|
II.3. Apparat
|
|
|
II.3.1. Fliexken ta’ l-użin jew apparat ieħor li jagħti riżultati identiċi.
|
|
|
II.3.2. Dessikatur li jkun fih is-silica gel li jindika minnu nnifsu.
|
|
|
II.3.3. Forn ventilat għall-inxif ta’ l-eżemplari f’105 ± 3 °C.
|
|
|
II.3.4. Bilanċ analitiku, bi preċiżjoni sa 0.0002g.
|
|
|
II.3.5. Soxhlet extractor jew apparat ieħor li jagħti riżultati identiċi.
|
|
|
II.3.6. Labra.
|
|
|
II.3.7. Apparat li jittestja l-barma jew apparat simili.
|
|
|
II.4. Reaġenti
|
|
|
II.4.1. Petroleum ħafif, distillat mill-ġdid, medda ta’ togħlija 40º-60 °C.
|
|
|
II.4.2. Ilma ddistillat u dejonizzat.
|
|
|
II.5. L-ambjent tal-kondizzjonament u ta’ l-ittestjar
|
|
|
Ara I.4.
|
|
|
II.6. Kampjun tat-test tal-laboratorju
|
|
|
Ara I.5.
|
|
|
II.7. Trattament minn qabel tal-kampjuni tat-test tal-laboratorju
|
|
|
Ara I.6.
|
|
|
II.8. Proċedura
|
|
|
II.8.1. Analiżi tal-ħajta
|
|
|
Ħu mill-kampjun tat-test tal-laboratorju ttrattat minn qabel eżemplari ta’ piż ta’ mhux anqas minn 1 g. Għal ħajta rqiqa ħafna, l-analiżi tista’ ssir fuq tul minimu ta’ 30 m, ikun xi jkun il-piż.
|
|
|
Aqta’ l-ħajta f’biċċiet ta’ tul xierqa u ssepara t-tipi ta’ fibra permezz ta’ labra u, jekk meħtieġ, b’apparat li jittestja l-brim. It-tipi ta’ fibra hekk miksuba jitqiegħdu fi fliexken ta’ l-użin li jkunu ntiżnu minn qabel u mnixxfa għal 105 ± 3 °C sa toqol kostanti, kif deskritt f’1.7.1 u 1.7.2.
|
|
|
II.8.2. Analiżi tad-drapp
|
|
|
Mill-kampjun tat-test tal-laboratorju ttrattat minn qabel, ħu eżemplari ta’ piż ta’ mhux anqas minn 1 g, li ma jinkludix ċmusa bi truf mirqumin b’attenzjoni sabiex ikun evitat it-tiżrit bl-użu u ġiri parallel mat-tgħama jew ħjut għall-medd, jew fil-każ ta’ drappijiet meħjutin fil-linja ta’ wales u courses. Ifred it-tipi differenti ta’ fibri u iġborhom fi fliexken ta’ l-użin li jintiżnu minn qabel u pproċedi kif deskritt fi II.8.1.
|
|
|
II.9. Kalkolazzjonijiet u espressjoni tar- riżultati
|
|
|
Esprimi l-piż ta’ kull fibra komponent bħala perċentwali tal-piż totali tal-fibri fit-taħlita. Ikkalkula r-riżultati fuq il-bażi ta’ piż nadif u xott, aġġustati permezz (a) tar-rati rkuprati b’mod konvenzjonali u (b) tal-fatturi ta’ korrezzjoni meħtieġa biex jitqies it-telf fil-piż matul l-operazzjonijiet tal-trattament minn qabel.
|
|
|
II.9.1 Kalkolazzjoni tal-perċentwali tal-piż ta’ fibra xotta u nadifa, billi ma tagħtix kas tat-telf fil-piż tal-fibra matul it-trattament minn qabel:
|
|
|
P
|
|
|
% =
|
|
|
100 m
|
|
|
m
|
|
|
+ m
|
|
|
+ m
|
|
|
=
|
|
|
1+
|
|
|
m
|
|
|
+m
|
|
|
3m1
|
|
|
P
|
|
|
% =
|
|
|
100 m
|
|
|
m
|
|
|
+ m
|
|
|
+ m
|
|
|
=
|
|
|
1 +
|
|
|
m
|
|
|
+ m
|
|
|
3m2
|
|
|
P
|
|
|
% = 100 -
|
|
|
P1% + P2%
|
|
|
P1% hija l-percentwali ta’ l-ewwel komponent xott u nadif;
|
|
|
P2% hija l-percentwali tat-tieni komponent xott u nadif;
|
|
|
P3% hija l-percentwali tat-tielet komponent xott u nadif;
|
|
|
m1 huwa l-piż xott u nadif ta’ l-ewwel komponent;
|
|
|
m2 huwa l-piż xott u nadif tat-tieni komponent;
|
|
|
m3 huwa l-piż xott u nadif tat-tielet komponent.
|
|
|
II.9.2. Għall-kalkolazzjoni tal-perċentwali ta’ kull komponent bl-aġġustament permezz ta’ rati ta’ rkupru konvenzjonali u, fejn xieraq, permezz ta’ fatturi ta’ korrezzjoni għal telf fil-piż matul it-trattament minn qabel: ara 1.8.2.
|
|
|
III. METODU TA’ ANALIŻI KWANTITATTIVA TA’ TAĦLIT TA’ TLETT FIBRI PERMEZZ TA’ KOMBINAZZJONI TA’ SEPARAZZJONI MANWALI U SEPARAZZJONI KIMIKA
|
|
|
Fejn ikun possibbli, għandha tintuża separazzjoni manwali, billi jitqiesu l-proporzjonijiet ta’ komponenti separati qabel jgħaddu għal kwalunkwe trattament kimiku ta’ kull wieħed mill-komponenti separati.
|
|
|
IV. PREĊIŻJONI TAL-METODI
|
|
|
Il-preċiżjoni indikata f’kull metodu ta’ l-analiżi ta’ taħlit ta’ żewġ fibri għanda x’taqsam mar-riproduċibilità (ara l-Anness II tad-Direttiva li għandha x’taqsam ma’ ċerti metodi għall-analiżi kwantitattiva tat-taħlit ta’ żewġ fibri tat-tessut).
|
|
|
Ir-riproduċibilità tirreferi għall-affidabilità, iġifieri l-qrubija tal-qbil bejn valuri esperimentali miksubin minn operaturi f’laboratorji differenti jew fi żminijiet differenti bl-użu ta’ l-istess metodu u bil-ksib ta’ riżultati individwali fuq eżemplari ta’ taħlita omoġenja identika.
|
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Ir-riproduċibilità hija espressa permezz ta’ limiti ta’ konfidenza tar-riżultati għal-livell ta’ konfidenza ta’ 95 %.
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Dan ifisser li d-differenza bejn żewġ riżultati f’serje ta’ analiżi magħmula f’laboratorji differenti, f’applikazzjoni normali u korretta tal-metodu għal taħlita omoġenja u identika, tiġi maqbuża biss f’5 każijiet minn 100.
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Sabiex tiġi stabbilita l-preċiżjoni ta’ l-analiżi ta’ taħlita ta’ tlett fibri, il-valuri indikati fil-metodi għall-analiżi ta’ taħlit ta’ żewġ fibri li kienu ġew użati sabiex tkun analizzata t-taħlita bi tlett fibri jiġu applikati bil-mod normali.
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Fejn fl-erba’ varjanti ta’ l-analiżi kimika kwantitattiva ta’ taħlit ta’ tlett fibri, hemm dispożizzjoni għal żewġ dissoluzzjonijiet (bl-użu ta’ żewġ eżemplari separati għall-ewwel tlett varjanti u eżemplari singolari għar-raba’ varjant) u, billi wieħed jassumi li E1 u E2 jirrapreżentaw il-preċiżjoni taż-żewġ metodi għall-analizzar ta’ taħlit ta’ żewġ fibri, il-preċiżjoni tar-riżultati għal kull komponent tintwera fit-tabella li ġejja:
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VarjantiFibra componenti | | 1 | 2 u 3 | 4 |
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a | E1 | E1 | E1 |
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b | E2 | E1+E2 | E1+E2 |
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c | E1+E2 | E2 | E1+E2 |
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Jekk jiġi wżat ir-raba’ varjant, il-grad ta’ preċiżjoni jista’ jinstab li jkun aktar baxx minn dak ikkalkulat mill-metodu indikat hawn fuq, minħabba azzjoni possibbli ta’ l-ewwel reaġent fuq il-fdal magħmul mill-komponenti b u ċ, li jkun diffiċli sabiex jiġi evalwat.
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V. RAPPORT TAT-TEST
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V.1. Indika l-varjant(i) wżati sabiex twettaq l-analiżi, l-metodi, r-reaġenti u l-fatturi ta’ korrezzjoni.
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V.2. Agħti dettalji ta’ kwalunkwe trattament minn qabel speċjali (Ara 1.6).
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V.3. Agħti r-riżultati individwali u l-medja aritmetika, kull wieħed magħluq għal punt deċimali wieħed.
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V.4. Kull meta jkun possibbli, iddikjara l-preċiżjoni tal-metodu għal kull komponent, ikkalkolat skond it-tabella fit-taqsima IV.
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[1] Il-valuri ta’ d huma indikati fit-taqsimiet rispettivi tad-Direttivi relatati mad-diversi metodi tat-taħlitiet binarji analizzati.
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[2] Il-valuri ta’ d huma indikati fit-taqsimiet rispettivi tad-Direttivi relatati mad-diversi metodi tat-taħlitiet binarji analizzati.
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[3] Il-valuri ta’ d huma indikati fit-taqsimiet rispettivi tad-Direttivi relatati mad-diversi metodi tat-taħlitiet binarji analizzati.
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[4] Il-valuri ta’ d huma indikati fit-taqsimiet rispettivi tad-Direttivi relatati mad-diversi metodi tat-taħlitiet binarji analizzati.
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[5] Il-valuri ta’ d huma indikati fit-taqsimiet rispettivi tad-Direttivi relatati mad-diversi metodi tat-taħlitiet binarji analizzati.
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[6] Il-valuri ta’ d huma indikati fit-taqsimiet rispettivi tad-Direttivi relatati mad-diversi metodi tat-taħlitiet binarji analizzati.
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[7] Il-valuri ta’ d huma indikati fit-taqsimiet rispettivi tad-Direttivi relatati mad-diversi metodi tat-taħlitiet binarji analizzati.
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[8] Il-valuri ta’ d huma indikati fit-taqsimiet rispettivi tad-Direttivi relatati mad-diversi metodi tat-taħlitiet binarji analizzati.
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[9] Il-valuri ta’ d huma indikati fit-taqsimiet rispettivi tad-Direttivi relatati mad-diversi metodi tat-taħlitiet binarji analizzati.
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[10] Il-valuri ta’ d huma indikati fit-taqsimiet rispettivi tad-Direttivi relatati mad-diversi metodi tat-taħlitiet binarji analizzati.
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[11] Il-valuri ta’ d huma indikati fit-taqsimiet rispettivi tad-Direttivi relatati mad-diversi metodi tat-taħlitiet binarji analizzati.
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[12] Fejn hu possibbli d3 għandha tkun deteminata minn qabel permezz ta’ metodi esperimentali.
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--------------------------------------------------
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ANNESS II
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EŻEMPJI TAL-KALKOLAZZJONI TA’ PERĊENTWALI TAL-KOMPONENTI TA’ ĊERTI TAĦLITIET BI TLETT FIBRI LI JUŻAW UĦUD MILL-VARJANTI DESKRITTI F’PUNT 1.8.1 TA’ L-ANNESS I
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Ikkonsidra l-każ ta’ taħlita ta’ fibra li meta analizzata b’mod kwantitattiv tat il-komponenti li ġejjin: 1. Suf imqardax; 2. nylon (polyamide); 3. qoton mhux ibbliċjat.
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-VARJANT Nru 1-
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Bl-użu ta’ dan il-varjant, jiġifieri bl-użu ta’ żewġ eżemplari differenti u tneħħi komponent wieħed (a = suf) permezz ta’ dissoluzzjoni mill-ewwel eżemplari u t-tieni komponent (b = polyamide) mit-tieni eżemplari jistgħu jinkisbu r-riżultati li ġejjin:
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1.Piż xott ta’ l-ewwel eżemplari wara t-trattament minn qabel | (m1) | = 1.6000g |
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2.Piż xott tal-fdal wara t-trattament minn qabel ma’ l-alkaline sodium hypo-chlorite (polyamide + qoton) | (r1) | = 1.4166g |
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3.Piż xott tat-tieni eżemplari wara t-trattament minn qabel | (m2) | = 1.8000g |
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4.Piż xott tal-fdal wara trattament bl-acidu formiku (suf + qoton) | (r2) | = 0.9000g |
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Trattament bl-alkaline sodium hypochlorite ma jinvolvix xi telf fil-piż ta’ polyamide, filwaqt li qoton mhux ibbliċjat jitlef 3 %, għalhekk d1 = 1.0 u d2 = 1.03.
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Trattament bl-aċidu formiku ma jinvolvix xi telf fil-piż ta’ suf jew qoton mhux ibbliċjat, għalhekk d3 u d4 = 1.0.
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Jekk il-valur miksub permezz ta’ l-analiżi kimika u l-fatturi ta’ korrezzjoni jiġu mibdula fil-formula taħt punt 1.8.1.1 ta’ l-Anness I, jinkisbu r-riżultati li ġejjin:
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P
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% (suf) =
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1.03
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1.0
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1.4166
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1.6000
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0.9000
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1.8000
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1 -
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× 100 = 10.30
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P
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% (polyamide) =
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- 1.0 ×
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+
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×
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1.0
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1.0
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× 100 = 50.00
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P
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% (qoton) = 100 -
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= 39.70
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Il-perċentwali ta’ diversi fibri xotti u nodfa fit-taħlita huma kif ġej:
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Suf | 10,30 % |
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Polyamide | 50,00 % |
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Qoton | 39,70 %. |
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Dawn il-perċentwali għandhom jiġu korretti skond il-formoli taħt punt 1.8.2 ta’ l-Anness I sabiex jiġu meqjusa wkoll ir-rati ta’ rkupru konvenzjonali u l-fatturi ta’ korrezzjoni għal xi telf fil-piż wara t-trattament minn qabel.
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Kif indikat fl-Anness II għad-Direttiva li għandha x’taqsam ma’ l-ismijiet tat-tessuti, r-rati ta’ rkupru konvenzjonali huma kif ġej: suf imqardex 17.0 %, polyamide 6.25 %, qoton 8.5 %, kif ukoll, qoton mhux ibbliċjat juri telf fil-piż ta’ 4 % wara t-trattament minn qabel bil-petroleum ħafif u ilma. Għalhekk:
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P
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% (suf) =
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10.30 ×
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17.0 + 0.0
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100
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10.30 ×
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17.0 + 0.0
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100
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+ 50.00 ×
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6.25 + 0.0
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100
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+ 39.70 ×
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8.5 + 4.0
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100
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× 100 = 10.97
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P
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% (polyamide) =
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50.00 ×
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100
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× 100 = 48.37
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P
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% (qoton) = 100 -
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= 40.66
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Il-kompożizzjoni tal-ħajta hija għalhekk kif ġej:
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Polyamide | 48.4 % |
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Qoton | 40.6 % |
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Suf | 11.0 % |
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| 100.0 % |
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-VARJANT 4-
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Ikkonsidra l-każ ta’ taħlita ta’ fibra li meta analizzata b’mod kwantitattiv tat il-komponenti li ġejjin: suf inqardax, viscose, qoton mhux ibbliċjat.
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Suppost li bl-użu ta’ varjant 4, iġifieri t-tneħħija suċċessiva ta’ żewġ komponenti mit-taħlita ta’ kampjun waħdieni singolari, jinkisbu r-riżultati li ġejjin:
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1.Piż xott tal-kampjun wara l-trattament minn qabel | (m1) | = 1.6000g |
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2.Piż xott tal-fdal wara l-ewwel trattament bl-alkaline sodium hypochlorit (viscose + qoton): | (r1) | = 1.4166g |
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2.Piż xott tal-fdal wara t-tieni trattament tal-fdal r1 ma’ klorur taż-żingu/acidu formiku(qoton): | (r2) | = 0.6630g |
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Trattament bl-alkaline sodium hypochlorite ma jinvolvix xi telf fil-piż fil-viscose, filwaqt li qoton mhux ibbliċjat jitlef 3 %, għalhekk d1 = 1.0 u d2 = 1.03.
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Bħala riżultat ta’ trattament mal-klorur taż-żingu/aċidu formiku, il-piż tal-qoton jiżdied b’4 %, sabiex b’hekk d3 = (1.03 × 0.96) = 0.9888 magħluq għal 0.99, (d3 ikun il-fattur ta’ korrezzjoni għat-telf rispettiv jew żieda fil-piż tat-tielet komponent fl-ewwel u t-tieni reaġent).
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Jekk il-valuri miksubin permezz ta’ analiżi kimika u l-fatturi ta’ korrezzjoni jiġu mibdulin fil-formoli taħt punt I.8.1.4 ta’ l-Anness I, jinkiseb ir-riżultat li ġej:
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P
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% (viscose) =
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× 100 -
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× 40.98 = 48.75%
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P
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% (qoton) =
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× 100 = 41.02%
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P
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% (suf) = 100 -
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= 10.23%
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Kif diġà ġie indikat għall-varjant 1, dawn il-perċentwali għandhom jiġu korretti permezz tal-formoli indikati f’punt 1.8.2 ta’ l-Anness I.
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P
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% (suf) =
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10.23 ×
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100
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10.23 ×
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100
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+ 48.75 ×
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100
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+ 41.02 ×
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100
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× 100 = 10.57%
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P
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% (viscose) =
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48.75 ×
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100
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× 100 = 48.65%
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P
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% (qoton) = 100 -
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= 40.78%
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Il-kompożizzjoni tat-taħlita hija għalhekk:
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Viscose | 48.6 % |
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Qoton | 40.8 % |
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Suf | 10.6 % |
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| 100.0 % |
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--------------------------------------------------
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ANNESS III
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TABELLA TA’ TAĦLITA TA’ TLETT FIBRI TIPIĊI LI JISTGĦU JIĠU ANALIZZATI BL-UŻU TA’ METODI TA’ ANALIŻI TAL-KOMUNITÀ TA’ TAĦLITIET TA’ ŻEWĠ FIBRI
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(għall-għanijiet illustrattivi)
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Nru tat-taħlita | Fibri tal-komponent | Varjant [1] | Numru tal-metodu ta’ żewġ fibri u r-reaġent tal-Komunità. |
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L-ewwel komponent | It-tieni komponent | It-tielet komponent |
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1 | Suf jew xagħar | ‘viscose, cupro jew ċerti tipi ta’ modal | Qoton | 1 u/jew 4 | 2(alkaline sodium hypochlorate)u 3(zinc chloride/formic acid) |
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2 | Suf jew xagħar | Polyamide 6 jew 6-6 | Qoton, viscose, cupro jew modal | 1 u/jew 4 | 2(alkaline sodium hypochlorite)u 4(aċidu formiku 80 % w/w) |
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3 | Suf, xagħar jew ħarir | ċċerti klorofibri | Viscose, cupro, modal jew qoton. | 1 u/jew 4 | 2(alkaline sodium hypochlorite)u 9(carbon disulphide/acetone 55.5/44.5 w/w) |
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4 | Suf u xagħar | Polyamide 6 jew 6-6 | Polyester, polypropylene, akriliku jew fibra tal-ħġieġ | 1 u/jew 4 | 2(alkaline sodium hypochlorite)u 4(aċidu formiku 80 % w/w) |
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5 | Suf, xagħar jew ħarir | ċċerti klorofibri | Polyester, akriliku, polyamide jew fibra tal-ħġieġ | 1 u/jew 4 | 2(alkaline sodium hypochlorite)u 9(carbondisulphide/acetone 55.5/44.5 w/w) |
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6 | ħħarir | Suf u xagħar | Polyester | 2 | 11(aċidu sulfuriku 75 % w/w)u 2(alkaline sodium hypochlorite) |
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7 | Polyamide jew 6-6 | Akriliku | Qoton, viscose, cupro jew modal | 1 u/jew 4 | 4(aċidu formiku 80 % w/w)u 8(dimenthylformamide) |
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8 | ċerti klorofibri | Polyamide 6 jew 6-6 | Qoton, viscose, cupro jew modal | 1 u/jew 4 | 8(dimethylformamide)u 4(aċidu formiku 80 % w/w)jew 9(carbon disulphide/aċetun 55.5/44.5 w/w)u 4(aċidu formiku 80 % w/w) |
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9 | Akriliku | Polyamide 6 jew 6-6 | Polyester | 1 u/jew 4 | 8(dimethylformamide)u 4(aċidu formiku 80 % w/w) |
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10 | Aċetat | Polyamide 6 jew 6-6 | Viscose, qoton, cupro jew modal | 4 | 1(aċetun)u 4(aċidu formiku 80 % w/w) |
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11 | ċċerti klorofibri | Akrliku | Polyamide | 2 u/jew 4 | 9(carbon disulphide/aċetun 55.5/44.5 w/w)u 8(dimethylformamide) |
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12 | ċċerti klorofibri | Polyamide 6 jew 6-6 | Akriliku | 1 u/jew 4 | 9(carbon disulphide/aċetun 55.5/44.5 w/w)u 4(aċidu formiku 80 % w/w) |
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13 | Polyamide 6 jew 6-6 | Viscose, cupro, modal jew qoton | Polyester | 4 | 4(aċidu formiku 80 % w/w)u 7(aċidu sulfuriku 75 % w/w) |
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14 | Aċetat | Viscose, cupro, modal jew qoton | Polyester | 4 | 1(aċetun)u 7(aċidu sulfuriku 75 % w/w) |
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15 | Akriliku | Viscose, cupro, modal jew qoton | Polyester | 4 | 8(dimethylformamide)u 7(aċidu sulfuriku 75 % w/w) |
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16 | Aċetat | Suf, xagħar jew ħarir | Qoton, viscose, cupro, modal, polyamide, polyester, akriliku | 4 | 1(aċetun)u 2(alkaline sodium hypochlorite) |
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17 | Triacetate | Suf, xagħar jew ħarir | Qoton, viscose, cupro, modal, polyamide, polyester, akriliku | 4 | 6(dichloromethane)u 2(alkaline sodium hypochlorite) |
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18 | Akriliku | Suf, xagħar jew ħarir | Polyester | 1 u/jew 4 | 8(dimethylformamide)u 2(alkaline sodium bypochlorite) |
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19 | Akriliku | ħarir | Suf jew xagħar | 4 | 8(dimethylformamide)u 1(aċidu sulfuriku 75 % w/w) |
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20 | Akriliku | Suf, xagħar jew ħarir | Qoton, viscose, cupro jew modal | 1 u/jew 4 | 8(dimethylformamide)u 2(alkaline sodium hypochlorite) |
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21 | Suf, xagħar jew ħarir | Qoton, viscose, modal, cupro | Polyester | 4 | 2(alkaline sodium hypochloric)u 7(aċidu sulfuriku 75 % w/w) |
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22 | Viscose, cupro jew ċerti tipi ta’ modal | Qoton | Polyester | 2 u/jew 4 | 3(zinc chloride/aċidu formiku)u 7(aċidu sulfuriku 75 % w/w) |
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23 | Akriliku | Viscose, cupro jew ċerti tipi ta’ modal | Qoton | 4 | 8(dimethylformamide)u 3(klorur taż-żingu/aċidu formiku) |
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24 | ċċerti klorofibri | Viscose, cupro jew ċerti tipi ta’ modal | Qoton | 1 u/jew4 | 9(carbon disulphide/aċetun 55.5/44.5 w/w)u 3(klorur taż-żingu/aċidu formiku)jew 8(dimethylformamide)u 3(klorur taż-żingu/aċidu formiku) |
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25 | Aċetun | viscose, cupro jew ċerti tipi ta’ modal | qoton | 4 | 1(aċetun)u 3(klorur taż-żingu/aċidu formiku) |
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26 | Triaċetat | viscose, cupro jew ċerti tipi ta’ modal | qoton | 4 | 6(diklorometan)u 3(klorur taż-żingu/aċidu formiku) |
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27 | Aċetat | ħarir | suf jew xagħar | 4 | 1(aċetun)u 11(aċidu sulfuriku 75% w/w) |
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28 | Triaċetat | ħarir | suf jew xagħar | 4 | 6(diklorometan)u 11(aċidu sulfuriku 75% w/w) |
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29 | Aċetat | akriliku | qoton, viscose, cupro jew modal | 4 | 1(aċetun)u 8(dimetilformamide) |
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30 | Triaċetat | akriliku | qoton, viscose, cupro jew modal | 4 | 6(diklorometan)u 8(dimetiliformamide) |
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31 | Triaċetat | poliamidi 6 jew 6-6 | qoton, viscose, cupro jew modal | 4 | 6(diklorometan)u 4(aċidu formiku 80 % w/w) |
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32 | Triaċetat | qoton, viscose, cupro jew modal | poliester | 4 | 6(diklorometan)u 7(aċidu sulfuriku75 % w/w) |
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33 | Aċetat | poliamidi 6 jew 6-6 | poliester jew akriliku | 4 | 1(aċetun)u 4(aċidu formiku 80 % w/w) |
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34 | Aċetat | akriliku | poliester | 4 | 1(aċetun)u 8(dimetilformamide) |
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35 | Ċerti klorofibri | qoton, viscose, cupro jew modal | poliester | 4 | 8(dimetilformamide)u 7(aċidu sulfuriku 75 % w/w)jew 9(disulfid tal-karbonju/aċetun 55.5/44.5 w/w)u 7(aċidu sulfuriku 75% w/w) |
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[1] Meta jintuża l-varjant 4, l-ewwel neħħi l-ewwel komponent bl-użu ta’ l-ewwel reaġent.
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--------------------------------------------------
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